38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Inferior profile view shows numerous tortuous veins (black arrows) owing to the stretching of the skin overlying the huge swelling.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Intraoral view reveals a swelling with bicortical expansion, obliterating the buccal sulcus, (arrow black outline) lobulations present lingually (solid black arrows) with displacement of mandibular and maxillary teeth (white arrows) on the right side.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Panoramic radiograph shows a single well-defined circular mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion on the right side of the mandible with displacement of the mandibular and maxillary teeth. Presence of a radiopaque mass in the center of the lesion (black arrow) with radiopaque streaks has the appearance of "driven snow".


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Axial view computed tomography scan shows a huge well-defined heterodense tumor mass on the right side of the mandible with the presence of a hyperdense irregular mass at the center of the lesion (black arrow).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Sagittal view computed tomography scan reveals a well-defined heterodense tumor mass with an irregular central hyperdense mass (black arrow) and expanded inferior border (white arrow) of the mandible without any perforation.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Coronal view computed tomography scan shows a well-defined heterodense tumor mass on the right mandible having a central irregular hyperdense mass (solid black arrow) with multiple irregular calcifications with a "snow flake" pattern (black outline arrows).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. A multidimensional computed tomography reconstruction using a hard tissue algorithm exhibits the extent of the well-circumscribed giant tumor (white arrow).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. A three-dimensional reconstructed profile image using a bone window exhibits the predominantly calcified well-defined tumor mass on the right side (white arrow) which has clearly spared the condyle (solid black arrow) and coronoid process (arrow black outline) on the affected side.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin stained biopsy section (x20) shows epithelial cells in sheets and islands dispersed throughout the connective tissue matrix along with numerous circular ring like calcifiactions (black arrows).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained biopsy section shows polygonal squamous epithelial cells exhibiting distinct intercellular bridges (black arrow) along with cellular and nuclear polymorphism (white arrows), and areas of irregular calcification and eosinophilic material.


A; Sagittal section of MRI of the brain showing destruction of the clivus by the clivus tumor.


B; Coronal section of the MRI of the brain showing destruction of the clivus by the clivus tumor.


C; Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the neoplastic cells are arranged in groups surrounded by nonneoplastic lymphoid cell component. H&E. Magnification x200.


A; CT scan reveals enhancing mass lesion with central necrosis and peripheral edema in the left pons compressing the fourth ventricle.


A : Granulomatous inflammations with Cryptococcus yeasts in the macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (H&E, x200).


B : Many Cryp-tococcus yeasts capsules stained with mucicarmine (x200).


C : Methenamine silver stains reveal numerous Cryptococcus yeasts (x200).


Panorama radiographs, and ,standard radiographs (inlet square) after temporary root canal dressing material using Calcipex II, which was spilled into the periapical area.


Panorama and standard radiographs (inlet square) in one and half year. Some Calcipex II granules were gradually migrated into maxillary sinus through the mucoperiosteal space, although their radiopacity was reduced.


(A) Enhanced computed tomography (CT) image demonstrating a large mass replacing the lower part of the right kidney (star); the mass had invaded the perirenal space and Gerota's fascia (arrow).


(B) Enhanced CT image of the upper abdomen reveals a thrombus in the renal vein and inferior vena cava (arrow).


(A) Histological examination of the kidney demonstrates that the tumor mass had infiltrated the cortex and medulla (original magnification, x40).


(B) Small, round tumor cells with scanty cytoplasm and round nuclei (original magnification, x400).


(C) Neoplastic cells infiltrating blood vessels (original magnification, x400).


(D) Similar neoplastic cells in the tumor thrombus (original magnification x400). Staining, hematoxylin and eosin.


Immunohistochemical staining reveals that the tumor cells were positive for. Cluster of differentiation 99.


Friend leukemia integration 1.


Integrase interactor-1 (original magnification, x400).


Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using a Vysis LSI EWSR1 Dual Color, Break Apart Rearrangement probe for 22q12 demonstrates the green and red probe breaking apart, confirming the Ewing's sarcoma breakpoint region 1 translocation.


MRI of the brain. (A) T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) coronal view shows hyperintensity in the right caudate, internal capsule, and putamen.


MRI of the brain. (B) T2/FLAIR axial view shows additional lesions involving left thalamus and lenticular nuclei.


MRI of the brain. (C) Diffusion-weighted imaging axial view shows three lesions with restricted diffusion. Arrows indicate CNS lesions.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) coronal.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. Axial. Views show size reduction of the pre-existing lesions in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and internal capsule.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. (C) Diffusion-weighted imaging axial view showing no signal alteration. Arrows indicate CNS lesions.


T2-weighted. Sagittal magnetic resonance images. An intradural spinal tumor existed at the level of L1 vertebral body. The tumor appeared isointense on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR images. Peritumoral cyst was seen at the cranial and caudal sides.


T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance images, T12-L1 intervertebral disc level.


L1 vertebral body level Peritumoral cyst was evident.


T1 image with gadorinium MR image, sagittal view.


Axial views T12-L1 intervertebral disc level.


L1 vertebral body level Homogeneously enhanced and lobulated tumor was clearly seen.


(a) Intraoperative view when opening the dura matter. A reddish tumor associated with peritumoral cysts at both cranial and caudal sides was found.


(b) The tumor arose from the film terminale.


Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography showing the tortuous feeding arteries from the both poles and the draining vein along the film terminale.


Histopathological findings of the tumor (HE stain). The tumor was composed of vacuolated stromal cells and small nucleus in a rich capillary network with several enlarged vessels.


Swelling on the thenar aspect of the right palm.


Magnetic resonance imaging (T2-weighted) showing a well-defined, sharply demarcated, heterogeneously hyperintense lesion.


(a) Intraoperative view of the lesion while dissection.


(b) Specimen after complete excision.


Image of the right hand after 3 weeks of surgical excision of the space-occupying lesion.


Tumor is composed of small, round cells with inconspicuous nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm, which are arranged in sheets or solid nests (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X400).


Tumor displays a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern. Rare residual breast ducts are also seen (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X100).


On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells show strong membranous staining for CD99 (CD99, X400).


Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography computed tomography maximum intensity projection.


Fused coronal.


Fused axial. Images. Images showed prostate-specific membrane antigen-avid lesions in the prostate and right testis.


A correlative ultrasonography of the scrotum showing a hypoechoic lesion in the right testis (d).


Fused axial. Images. Images showing a prostate-specific membrane antigen-avid lesion in the left testis.


A correlative ultrasonography of the scrotum showing a hypoechoic lesion in the left testis (d).


A 1.5 cm diameter nodule on left half of upper lip before excison.


FNAC: aggregates, acini and single scattered benign epithelial cells along with myoepithelial cells and chondromyxoid stromal fragments (Giemsa stain, x40). . Abbreviations: FNAC, fine needle aspiration cytology.


(A) FNAC smear showing sheet of myoepithelial cells with basophilic dense cytoplasm and central to eccentric, round to oval nuclei with bland chromatin (Giemsa stain, x200).


(B) Cluster of epithelial cells with scattered myoepithelial cells in a chondromyxoid background (Giemsa stain, x200). . Abbreviations: FNAC, fine needle aspiration cytology.


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. A; Colonoscopy detected a 20 x 16 mm white, flat, elevated lesion with a reddish nodule in the center of the mass.


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. B; Chromoendoscopy of crystal violet solutions showed mucus covering a wide-open pit (square yellow box).


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. C; Crystal violet solutions revealed mucus covering a dendritic structure (square blue box).


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. D; The central reddish nodule demonstrated an irregular glandular structure (square red box).


Whole body Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography maximum projection image shows uptake in primary prostate lesion and penile metastasis.


Sagittal computer tomography.


Positron emission tomography.


Positron emission tomography/computed tomography.


Maximum projection image , Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computer tomography showing soft-tissue enhancing lesion in the prostate gland and corpora cavernosa thickening of penis with intense prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake suggesting metastasis.


(A) Multiple translucent skin-colored, bluish cystic lesions in periorbital distribution, cheeks, and zygomatic region.


(B) Unilocular cyst lined by two layers of flattened cuboidal epithelium without any evidence of decapitation in lining cells (hematoxylin and eosin, x40 magnification).


(C) Whitish clod (yellow arrow) without crater seen on dermoscopy (nonpolarized mode, x170 magnification).


(D) Yellowish globules (blue arrow) with multiple telangiectasias (white arrow) seen on dermoscopy (polarized mode, x170 magnification).


Chest x-ray. Right diaphragmatic paresis and poorly inflated right lower lobe.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (A) The section shows muscle tissue (big arrow) of the diaphragm and granuloma (star) surrounded by adipose tissue (white arrow) close to the serosa (small arrow) of the pleura, at magnification 200x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (B) Granuloma (star) at magnification 400x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (C) Non-caseating granuloma consisting of Langerhans giant cells (big arrow) and epithelioid cells (small arrow), magnification 800x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (D) Myositis with lymphocytic infiltrate (star) of the muscle tissue, already showing destruction of the muscle cells, magnification 800x.


Chest computed tomography scan. Bronchiectasis and multiple granular shadows are randomly distributed in the bilateral lobes, and consolidation in the lower left lobe is present.


Flow cytometric analysis of phosphorylationed STAT1 (pSTAT1) in monocytes after the stimulation with interferon-gamma (500 U/mL). The analysis gate was set in CD14+ cells. Blue areas indicate healthy adults (n = 3), whereas pink areas indicate the patient. Gray and purple areas indicate pSTAT1 in monocytes without interferon-gamma stimulation in healthy adults and the patient, respectively.


Gram-stain of bronchoalveolar lavage. Black arrows indicate capsulated Gram-negative large rod.


Multiplex PCR. The isolated strain possessed iutA, rmpA, entB, and mrkD.


X-ray right hand A-P pre operative showing osteolytic lesion in 3rd metacarpal.


Excision of the lesion and fibular grafting.


Imaging of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. (a) Contrast-enhanced arterial phase of computed tomography reveals a poorly defined mass with marked enhancement and inferior vena cava invasion.


Imaging of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. (b) Coronal reconstruction of venous phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography shows relatively washout of mass with unclear borders. Tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava is also seen clearly in coronal multidetector computed tomography image.


Axial T1-weighted.


Fat-suppressed T2-weighted. Magnetic resonance imaging images demonstrate T1-isointense, T2 and fat-suppressed T2-hyperintense mass component of liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumor in vena cava inferior.


Postgadolinium fat-suppressed axial arterial phase (a), and coronal venous phase images demonstrate a large liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumor that marked heterogeneous enhancement in arterial phase, and washout in venous phase with prominent invasion of inferior vena cava.


Tumor thrombus is markedly seen in late venous phase (b).


Diffusion-weighted image of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (black arrow). Marked diffusion restriction of malign perivascular epithelioid cell tumor is seen as hypointense signal change on apparent diffusion coefficient map.


(a) Giant earlobe epidermoid cyst.


(b) Giant epidermoid cyst resection and content.


Optical coherence tomography showing an area with subretinal fluid leakage.


Fluorescein angiography showing the presence of significant pigment epithelial detachment in the perifoveal capillary network (venous phase) just before starting treatment with ranibizumab No polyps were observed.


C; Indocyanine green angiography performed 3 months later (after initial loading dose of ranibizumab 0.5 mg) showing 3 hyperfluorescent polyps in the superior papillary area of the right eye.


Optical coherence tomography at the follow-up visit 4 weeks after combination therapy with ranibizumab 0.5 mg and photodynamic therapy (right eye).


Optical coherence tomography performed 4 weeks after administration of the loading dose of aflibercept followed by half-fluence photodynamic therapy (right eye).


Anterior segment photograph at the first visit showing a totally detached retina in contact with the posterior surface of the lens. The peripheral retina could not be observed.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T1.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T2. Images taken 3 months before the first visit show a hyperintense lesion and a slightly hypointense lesion in the subretinal space, respectively.


MRIs taken at two different periods. Both T1.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T2. Images taken at the first visit show hyperintense lesions in the subretinal space. Tumor structure is not observed in the eye.


Fundus photograph of the right eye during the first operation under perfluoro-n-octane. Dilated retinal vessels, numerous microaneurysms, and intra- and subretinal exudates became visible.


Fundus photograph of the right eye during the second operation under perfluoro-n-octane. The amount of exudates were reduced.


Fundus photos of the initial visit of the right eye.


Fundus autofluorescence of the initial visit of the right eye.


Late-phase fluorescein angiography of the initial visit of the right eye.


Left eye.


Left eye. Showed absence of the normal foveal hypoautofluorescence.


Left eye. Showed diffuse leakage.


Horizontal sections of optical coherence tomography on the initial visit showed a large foveal cyst in the right eye.


Horizontal section of optical coherence tomography on follow-up showed a decrease in the size of cavitation due to "collapse" of the roof in the right eye.


A defect of the cone outer segment and ellipsoid zone in the left eye.


Partial resolution of the initial defects in the ellipsoid zone and outer segments of the photoreceptors of the left eye.


Optical coherence tomography angiogram showed vascular remodeling and capillary plexus thinning in the inner retinal layers (right eye,. Left eye.


Retinal vessels are noted in the normally avascular outer retina (right eye.


Middle retinal layers (right eye.


Temporal to the fovea.


Bilateral necrosis of the patient's lower extremities involving the pedal and tibial area with some areas of the thighs affected.


Bilateral Autoamputation of the patient's lower extremities showing both tibial stumps with exposed bones surrounded by dry necrotic tissue.


X-Ray of the Patient's Lower Extremities showing no signs of bone and surrounding inner soft tissue destruction.


The patient's Lower Extremities after debridement.


Computed tomography scan of abdomen (axial section) showing a right iliopsoas abscess.


T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (coronal section) showing right iliopsoas abscess.


T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (coronal section) showing right iliopsoas abscess.


Intraoperative mucinous material mixed with pus from psoas muscle.


Mandibular occlusal radiograph showing expansion of the cortical plates.


Axial CT image of the mandible showing cortical expansion and thinning.


Postoperative panoramic radiograph, 1 year after curettage, showing no recurrence.


Anterior view of patient s face and body.


Lateral view of patient s face and body.


Brain MRI - Increased signal in T2-weighted images in the withe matter territories adjacent to the lateral ventricles bodies and subcortical zone.


Brain MRI - Increased signal in FLAIR images in the withe matter territories adjacent to the lateral ventricles bodies and subcortical zone.


EEG showing non specific slow background activity, as well as no epileptiform discharges.


Immunohistochemical study proved to be positive for CD68. Immunophenotyping confirms the histiocytic lineage through an overexpression of the CD68 antigen.


Immunohistochemical study showing atypical histiocytic proliferation, diffuse proliferation of large cells with irregular nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm.


Gray white tumor with pushing borders and with tiny cystic spaces filled with gray brown material.


Initial 9 cm right renal cyst.


Paracolonic cystic lesion (white arrow) along the ascending colon in relation to recurrent right renal mixed epithelial stromal tumor cyst (red arrow).


Mesenteric multiloculated paracolonic mixed epithelial stromal tumor lesion (arrows).


Immunohistochemical stain of stroma is positive for estrogen receptor (x200).


Tc-99m glucohepatonate single-photon emission computed tomography done after 1 week of magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography. Single-photon emission computed tomography image.


Tc-99m glucohepatonate single-photon emission computed tomography done after 1 week of magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography. Fused single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography. Acquired post-Tc-99m glucohepatonate injection showing uptake corresponding to the areas of enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (white arrow in a and black arrow in b). Note that the areas of gyral uptake seen on positron emission tomography images are no longer appreciated.


G-banded karyotype of the bone marrow cells showing t(9;14)(p24;q13).


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (A) CT scan before the treatment.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (B) Image of the best response of pembrolizumab therapy.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (C) Image of progression of pembrolizumab therapy and before atezolizumab therapy.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (D) Image of best response of atezolizumab therapy. CR, complete response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.


Clinical picture showing a diffuse extraoral swelling of size 4.5 cm x 3.5 cm present on the right side of the face (maxilla).


Intraoral picture showing erythematous growth on the right side of the maxilla extending from 14 to 17.


Radiograph revealing ill-defined radiolucency and significant bone loss on the right side of the maxilla.


Odontogenic epithelium in follicular pattern, few of the follicles showing stellate reticulum-like cells, along with increase in cellular atypia and mitotic activity.


CK19 was found to be positive.


Timeline of the diagnosis and treatment. M1, the mass adjacent to the left hilum; M2, the mass on the basal segment; chemo, chemotherapy; pembr, pembrolizumab; CA-125, carbohydrate antigen 125; CEA, carcino-embryonic antigen; i. V. , intravenously.


CT image showing homogeneously enhanced lesion in the scalp of occipital region.


CT bone window showing a minimal osseous gap in the midline but no intracranial extension of the lesion.


Excised specimen showing the giant lesion, of firm consistency and with no visible necrotic areas.


Photomicrograph of tissue taken from the lesion excised from the patient, showing characteristic spindle cells forming perivascular rosettes and staining with smooth muscle actin (SMA).


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; pseudo-papillary component with vessels surrounded by loosely cohesive cells.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; cystic pattern with large hemorrhagic changes and foamy cells.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; the neoplastic cells show nuclear immunolabelling for beta-catenin.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; diffuse intracytoplasmic dot-like imunoreactivity for CD99.


Clinical presentation of the patient. Body scheme showing the distribution of six cafe-au-lait macules (CALMs) (a).


Clinical presentation of the patient. Colonoscopy image showing multiple polyps in a section of the left hemicolon (b).


Clinical presentation of the patient. Representative CALMs from trunk, note the irregular (cost of Maine shaped) border.


Clinical presentation of the patient. And right hip.


MRI of the dorsolumbar region sagittal section, T1WI.


T2WI , demonstrates a large intradural extramedullary cystic lesion with multiple internal septations, having significant compression over spinal cord, conus medullaries, and cauda equine.


MR myelogram (c) showing variable extension into bilateral neural foramen.


MRI of the dorsolumbar spine, axial section T1WI.


T2WI , demonstrates that intensity is similar to that of CSF which is isointense in T1WI and hyperintense in T2WI.


Peroperative photograph demonstrated a large cystic lesion after laminectomy of D11, D12, L1, and L2.


En bloc removal of the cyst.


(a) Clinical image showing a tan-red exophytic, lobulated mass of the maxillary anterior facial gingiva.


(b) A separate, similar appearing smaller lesion was identified in the right maxillary vestibule.


Periapical radiograph showing no changes in the quality or quantity of bone and no evidence of odontogenic infections.


(a) Histopathologic image showing tumor cell nests completely effacing the lamina propria, (H&E, x40).


(b) These tumor nests were arranged in lobular aggregates separated by thin fibrous septae, (H&E, x100).


(c) On high power magnification, the cells displayed pink to vacuolated cytoplasm with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Significant nuclear pleomorphism was present and the lesion demonstrated brisk mitotic activity, (H&E, x400).


Admission CT scan showing multiple intrahepatic abscesses (arrowhead). Axial.


Admission CT scan showing multiple intrahepatic abscesses (arrowhead). Coronal. Views are shown.


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). Immunohistochemical stains for tumor were negative (not shown) and no definite organisms were detected on H&E.


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). Or Gram-stained sections. (1,000x).


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). WS silver stain (c, d), however, revealed long rod-shaped bacteria, consistent with Fusobacterium sp. (arrowheads) (1,000x).


PET/CT scans of the patient. (A) Baseline. The fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptakes increased in multiple patchy shadows and massive consolidations of the bilateral lungs (SUVmax = 22.1), multiple partial bones (SUVmax = 19), multiple swelling lumbosacral nerve roots (SUVmax = 16), masses in the bilateral adrenal glands (SUVmax = 31.2), and a nodule (0.7 cm) between cervical rear muscles.


PET/CT scans of the patient. (B) Disease progression after first-line chemotherapy. The sizes and FDG uptakes of massive consolidations in the bilateral lungs increased with SUVmax of 31.5. FDG uptakes of other lesions decreased.


PET/CT scans of the patient. (C) The patient achieved a complete response after four cycles of sitilimab and chidamide. The SUVmax of lesions in the left and right lungs were 2.4 and 2.1, which indicated a Deauville score of 2.


Computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck showing lymphadenopathy.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. A) View of necrotic area and karyorrhectic debris (hematoxylin and eosin strain x 40).


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. B) CD68+ histiocytes.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. C) CD3+ T-Cells.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. D) CD20+ B-cells.


Cytospin-processed smear of pleural fluid revealing uniformly dispersed haematolymphoid blasts intermixed with mesothelial cells (H&E x400).


Pathogen identification from cerebrospinal fluid sample using next-generation sequencing method. (A) The number of sequencing reads identified corresponding to Human polyomavirus 2 [also known as JC virus ] was 34; with genome coverage 35.1825.


Pathogen identification from cerebrospinal fluid sample using next-generation sequencing method. (B) Reads distribution of total DNA sequence in the CSF sample without human host.


Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Human polyomavirus. Human polyomavirus 2 AB103411 (in red) was the most similar strain in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patient.


Frontal view of the patient showing a well defined swelling on left side and diffuse swelling on the right side of the mandible.


Intra-oral photograph shows an expansile swelling of the mandible with complete bucco-lingual cortical plate expansion and lingually displaced teeth.


Orthopantomogram reveals a massive high density, mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion exhibiting cotton -wool appearance. Demarcation between the lesion and normal bone with bowing of the inferior border of mandible is appreciable.


Lower occlusal radiograph shows irregular bucco- lingual cortical plate expansion.


Posterior Anterior mandible view reveals an expansile mixed radiolucent radiopaque lesion extending from the ramus of left side to the right angle of the mandible.


F-18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography maximum intensity projection image of the patient showing hypermetabolism in the bilateral knee joint region and right pelvic region.


Fludeoxyglucose-avid fibrocavitatory changes in apical segment of the right lung upper lobe and nonfludeoxyglucose-avid cavitating groundglass density nodule in apicoposterior segment of the left lung upper lobe.


Hypermetabolic subcarinal lymph node (maximum standardized uptake value 4.2).


Hypermetabolic collection in the pericecal region along the base of the cecum (maximum standardized uptake value 4.0).


Effusion with fludeoxyglucose uptake in the right knee joint (maximum standardized uptake value 4.7). Fludeoxyglucose uptake in the left proximal tibia (maximum standardized uptake value 3.4).


(A) Transabdominal scan performed at 25 weeks 4 days in coronal plane: the cleft lip appeared as an anhecogenic area at the level of the left upper lip.


(B) Transverse section of fetal chest at 25 weeks 4 days: the red arrow pointed to the defect between the left atrium (LA) and the coronary sinus (CS).


(C) The three-vessel and tracheal (3VT) view at the upper mediastinum showed a supernumerary vessel to the left of the pulmonary trunk and arterial duct. The red arrow pointed to the persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) draining into the right atrium.


Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array results of the fetus: the red rectangle showed the deletion region of 1q23.3q31.2.


3D spoiled gradient-echo MRI image obtained at 55 min shows dilated lymphatics (arrow) reaching upto the groin.


(A and B) Histopathological findings of lung biopsy of right upper lobe, medium-sized vessels (arteries and veins) are rarely seen and are probably destroyed by the inflammation and replaced by scattered relatively small necrosis consisting of degenerating karyorrhectic neutrophils with basophilia and eosinophils with fibrinoid necrosis (probable foci of leukocytoclastic vasculitis). 8, there are small epithelioid granulomatous collections with occasional central small necrosis, and few multinucleated giant Langerhans-type cells are noted.


Cross section chest CT scan.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed multifocal cavity lesions, most prominent in the apices, consolidative volume loss greatest in upper zones, right greater than left.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed progressive airspace opacities and traction bronchiectasis in the right base with small right pleural effusion on the background of severe thick-walled cystic changes in the apices.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed enlarged thick -walled cavities in the bilateral apices, worsening the cavitary lung disease.


Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT shows the presence of a partially septated giant cystic lesion measuring 20 x 11 x 13 cm in the abdominal cavity.


On magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, the pancreatic body lesion detected by the CT scan was depicted as high-intensity area on a T2-weighted image.


A distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed. The cystic content was serous fluid of a dark, muddy color, suggesting previous bleeding.


On histopathological examination, the lining membrane had a papillary structure composed of cuboidal cells with round nuclei (a).


The cells stained PAS-positive.


Diastase PAS-negative , thus indicating the presence of glycogen. These findings led to the definitive diagnosis of SCN.


Extraoral view of the upper lip swelling.


Intraoral view of the lesion before enucleation.


Intrasurgical photograph of sebaceous cyst.


Formalin-fixed resected tissue.


Hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow. An activated macrophage engulfing blood cells; Papanicolaou's stain (oil immersion).


Leishmania sp. Amastigote in bone marrow aspiration; Papanicolaou's stain (oil immersion).


Thoracic radiography showed cardiomegaly, and computed tomography revealed a left lung mass with invasion of the heart and pleural effusion.


MRI showed a large mass surrounding the heart. The arrow indicates endocardial invasion of a lesional mass.


Preoperative axial T1-weighted.


Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.


Diffusion-weighted.


Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted.


Magnetic resonance imaging shows a solid mass at the dorsal medulla oblongata The tumor shows prominent homogeneous enhancement with gadolinium.


(a-c) Three months after starting treatment, magnetic resonance imaging shows marked reductions in mass size on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (white arrows).


(d-f) All residual lesions have disappeared by the 1-year follow-up.


Wet mount examination of trophozoites of Balantidium coli.


Trichrome stained trophozoites of Balantidium coli.


Image of patient exhibiting edematous erythema, ulcer, and necrosis over the right nasal alae and upper lip.


Microscope image of biopsied lesion tissue showing numerous hyaline and septate hyphae with branches at acute angles scattered in the dermis (arrowhead) (periodic acid-Schiff, original magnification x 400).


Blood cell counts during hospitalization.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions:. Skin lesion in the form of multiple erythematous maculo-papular rash, over the upper limbs.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: , lower limbs.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: over the abdominal wall surrounding the umbilicus.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: (D) A swelling is shown in the left groin, due to left inguinal lymphadenitis (arrowed).


CT scan showing the stent in the enlarged cyst.


A partially clogged stent.


Endoscopic view of stents. Purulent drainage is also seen.


Follow-up MRI showing only small residual collection.


A: T1 MRI demonstrating PVH in the left trigone.


B: T2 Coronal MRI status-post implantation of intracranial electrodes.


C: Dose plan for Case 1.


D: Axial T2 MRI showing left trigone PVH.


A: Coronal T2 MRI showing left trigone PVH.


B: CT scan demonstrating cerebral edema from radiation necrosis.


C: Dose plan for initial LINAC treatment for Case 2.


D: Dose plan for second LINAC treatment for Case 2.


Computed tomography scan images of. Whole chest.


Computed tomography scan images of. Enlarged scan of the tumor.


Immunohistological staining with. Hematoxylin, and ,eosin.


Anti-napsin A antibody.


Anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 antibody.


Anti-thyroid transcription factor 1 antibody (magnification, x20).


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. The signal intensities are homogeneously low in T1-weighted images.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. And high in T2-weighted images.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body.no enhancement is observed in T1-weighted images with a gadolinium contrast medium No extraosseous lesion or enlargement is observed.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. CT image demonstrates slight osteosclerosis throughout the tumorous lesion and no osteolytic changes in the vertebral body (D).


An image of CT-guided needle biopsy procedure in case 1. The vertebral tumor has been accessed through the sacroiliac joint to obtain a biopsy specimen.


Imaging findings in case 2. On MRI of the sacral spine, the signal intensities of the tumorous lesion are homogeneously low in T1-weighted images and high in T2-weighted images, and no enhancement is observed in fat-suppression T1-weighted images with a gadolinium contrast medium in the S2 vertebral body (A-C).


Imaging findings in case 2. CT image demonstrates slight osteosclerosis throughout the tumorous lesion and no osteolytic changes (D).


Pre-operative chest X-rays of the patient (not intubated). Widening of the superior mediastinum with early left lower-lobe patchy
infiltrates and right lung upper-lobe early herniation to the left.


Bronchoscopy showing narrowing of the left main bronchus.


Patient intubated, rotated, left-lung early collapse consolidation
and middle lobe consolidation.


Middle mediastinal cystic mass lesion. Displacing and compressing
the airway and the oesphagus.


Atresia of left bronchus due to chronic mass effect.


Middle mediastinal cystic mass with mass effect on the superior
vena cava and trachea and with associated anterior displacement of the
anterior mediastinum, left lung collapse and right lung compensatory
hyperinflation.


Right lung hyperinflation with multiple diffuse patchy infiltrates
suggestive of infection and early consolidation.


Solitary erythematous, slightly verrucous nodule, 3 cm in diameter, arising on a yellowish, verrucous plaque measuring 3 x 6 cm on the left frontoparietal scalp.


Histopathologic findings demonstrate mild epidermal papillomatosis associated with increased sebaceous gland and abortive hair follicles. HE. Original magnification x100.


Enhanced CT. . Notes: This enhanced CT shows a 13 cm right renal tumor that invades the pancreas (arrows), duodenum (arrowheads), and inferior vena cava (asterisk). The second part of the duodenum shows stenosis because of the protruding right renal tumor. . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


PET scan. . Notes: Scan shows accumulation of FDG in the right renal tumor (arrows). Maximum SVU is >40. . Abbreviations: PET, positron emission tomography; FDG, fluorine-18-deoxyglucose; SUV, standardized uptake value.


Esophagogastroduodenoscopy image. . Note: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals a red sessile tumor protruding into the second part of the duodenum (arrows), corresponding to the findings of CT (Figure 1). . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


Enhanced CT at 5 weeks after starting treatment with axitinib. . Notes: Tumor degeneration is observed (black triangle). The lumen of the second part of the duodenum (arrowheads) is wider, due to tumor shrinkage compared with the pretreatment state. Three arrows show the head of the pancreas, and the asterisk shows inferior vena cava. . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


Macroscopic view of resected tissue. . Notes: (A) Shows necrotic tissue.


Macroscopic view of resected tissue. (B) Shows sarcomatoid tissue invading pancreas (arrows).


Changes in right visual acuity and frequency of ocular attacks during treatment. . Notes: Visual acuity remained at 1.0, and no ocular attacks occurred after switching to adalimumab. Black arrowheads indicate the timing of ocular attacks. *The frequency of attacks was converted into an annual frequency. Data in parentheses indicates the actual frequency of attacks during representative treatments.


(bottom) CT shows a large mass that occupies the entire true pelvis. The rectum is markedly compressed. An arrow marks a separate sarcoma nodule at the dome of the bladder.


(top) CT shows a multilobulated mass greater on the left than the right. It is immediately adjacent to pelvic peritoneum on the right and covers the rectosigmoid junction on the left. It pushes the uterus superiorly.


Left arm, antecubital area, discrete, multiple well-demarcated, edematous, erythematous papules and plaques.


Face, frontal view. Leonine facies: Diffuse skin infiltration, multiple nodular lesions.


Histopathology, skin biopsy, taken from left arm. H&E staining 200 x magnification showing non-caseating granulomatous dermatitis.


Trends in WBC, serum creatinine, and albumin-corrected calcium over 10 hospital days. There is sustained improvement in WBC, creatinine, and calcium levels after administration of oral prednisone, as noted on hospital day 6.


16 contact lead spinal cord stimulator trial placed in the T8-T9 epidural space.


Lateral thoracic X-ray image showing permanent paddle lead placement in the thoracic interspaces.


Brain magnetic resonance image showing leptomeningeal/periventricular enhancement, but no mass lesion.


Actively dividing primary effusion lymphoma cells (DQ stain; original magnification x600).


Cytospin showing LNA-1 (human herpesvirus-8) positive tumor cells (immunocytochemistry; x400).


Flow cytometric analysis showing that large lymphocytes (red), 2.1% of the total population, were (a) CD20 negative, CD19 dim positive, and (b) CD38 positive (blue: B-cells, grey: Other lymphoid cells including T-cells and NK-cells).


Preoperative physical examination. The swelling was elastic and hard. There was no scar and no central punctum.


Intraoperative photograph (arrow: antebrachial interosseous membrane). The cystic mass was covered by a thick white capsule and its bottom was adjacent to the antebrachial interosseous membrane. There was no scarring around the fascia.


Histopathological findings (hematoxylin-eosin staining, original magnification x 100) upper arrow: squamous epithelium lining, lower arrow: keratin collections. The cyst wall was composed of stratified squamous epithelium with abundant keratin. There were no hair tissue structures or atypical cells.


Necrotic tissues of the patient in case report 2.


For the patient in the second case report, most of the scrotal skin and all of the penis skin were removed; this externalized the testes, epididymides, and cavernosa corpora.


Smears from breast mass showing abundant mucin and monomorphic large cells with eccentric nuclei (Pap, x400).


Chest radiography showed a cardiothoracic ratio of 66 % with cardiac enlargement and bilateral pleural effusions, which were greater on the right. Lung lesions were not clearly visible.


Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography scan confirmed the ultrasound findings and showed mass effect on the superior vena cava, which was significantly narrowed. The inside of the tumor could not be clearly visualized on contrast-enhanced imaging; neither fatty nor calcified components were observed.


Microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of the tumor specimen showed no pattern or any specific tissue architecture at low magnification (A), indicating an undifferentiated malignant tumor.


In addition, highly deformed nuclei were found on high magnification (B).


Immunostaining was positive for vimentin (C).


Crusted VZV lesions (sacrum) and reddish-blue painful lesion on left buttock.


Chest X-Ray showing pulmonary infiltrates and cardiomegaly.


Echocardiography showing prolapse of mitral valve (arrow).


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Multiple white spots are seen in the gastric fornix.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. And body.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Magnifying endoscopy observation.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Blue laser imaging. Show deposition of slightly elevated, round, white substance and microvasculature on its surface, which are consistent with reported features of white globe appearance.


Pathology images of Case 1. Biopsied specimen reveals cystic dilatation of the gastric fundal gland that had a 400 mum diameter (a, b).


Pathology images of Case 1. Parietal cell protrusion is also noted. Arrows) along with dilated duct. Asterisk).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Multiple white spots are identified in the gastric fornix. Arrows).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Body. Post-indigo carmine spraying).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Magnifying endocopy observation.


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Blue laser imaging. Show small, round, white deposits.


Pathology images of Case 2. The biopsied specimen shows cystic dilatation of the gastric fundal gland of approximately 600 mum diameter (a, b).


Pathology images of Case 2. Parietal cell protrusions and dilated glands forming microcysts are also seen (c).


Radiographic findings. (A) CT image of the lower abdomen showing a poorly delineated, partially necrotic tumor in the ileocecal region with a maximum diameter of 9.6 cm.


Radiographic findings. (B) CT scan of the upper abdomen demonstrating hepatic metastases in segments II, VII, and VIII with a maximum diameter of 2.6 cm (segment VI not visible in this image plane).


Radiographic findings. (C) Follow-up examination 24 months later showing subtotal regression of the metastases in segments VII and VIII and total regression of the lesion in segment II.


Clinical photograph of the patient did not reveal any facial asymmetry.


Orthopantomogram showing radiolucent lesion involving left mandibular ramus (white arrow head) with fine septations and soap bubble appearance.


Noncontrast bone window settings showing expansile lytic lesion with cortical thinning involving the left mandibular ramus.


Sagittal reconstructed computed tomography image showing tortuous arterial feeders (yellow arrow) from left external carotid artery supplying the enhancing mandibular arteriovenous malformation (AVM; white arrow).


CT angiography axial image showing arterial feeders (yellow arrow) from external carotid and tortuous venous channels associated with enhancing AVM (white arrow).


Axial chest contrast-enhanced CT image showing the largest detected axillary lymph node measuring 4 cm in its greatest dimension (arrow).


Light microscopy appearance of an excised lymph node transverse section showing altered general architecture due to presence of lymphoid cells of variable size and irregular shape arranged in follicle-like groups with lymphoid proliferation centers (arrowheads) and pseudogranulomas (arrows) (hematoxylin-eosin staining, 100 x).


Histopathologic findings in a lymph node consistent with specific granulomatous inflammation: pseudogranuloma (asterisk) with homogeneous structure surrounded by lymphohistiocytic infiltration (arrow) and a forming connective tissue pseudocapsule (arrowhead) (hematoxylin-eosin staining, 200 x).


A; An illustration of the supernumerary motor phantom limb (SPL) drawn by the patient himself.


B; An illustration of the SPL drawn by the therapist according to the patient's statement.


Clinical intraoral image of the exophytic lesion in relation to lingual area.


Clinical intraoral image. The lesion was pedunculated involving the lingual mucogingival line and inserted on the keratinized mucosa.


Fundus image of the right eye showing pars plana cyst temporally from 8:30' to 9:30'.


Fundus image of the left eye showing pars plana cyst temporally from 2:30' to 3:30'.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. Complete metabolic response to crizotinib as indicated by 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans before.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. And after 4.5 months of treatment.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. Partial response according to RECIST 1.1 criteria: tumor shrinkage from 33 to 13 mm before.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. And after 4.5 months of crizotinib.


FNAC smear showing microfilaria in the background of degenerated inflammatory cells (Giemsa, x100).


Echocardiogram performed on the first day in hospital. A movable mass (large white arrow, 23.7mmx14.9mm) can be seen on the anterior mitral leaflet (small white arrow), and this caused the valve annulus to adhere to the valve leaflet.


(A) Sagittal FLAIR MRI sequence showing cerebral atrophy with a frontotemporal predilection and post-ischemic hyperinsities in the white matter.


(B) Axial FLAIR MRI sequence showing asymmetry of frontotemporal atrophy with left-side predominance. FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (A) Diffuse brain atrophy with the compensatory dilatation of the lateral and third ventricles; the atrophy was most pronounced in the frontotemporal regions, particularly in medial temporal lobes.


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (B) Lewy bodies in the neurons of the amygdala (HandE, magnification 400x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (C) Lewy bodies, dystrophic Lewy neurites and dots in the amygdala (alpha-syn 5G4, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (D) Neurofibrillary tangles and threads in the hippocampus (AT8, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (E) beta-amyloid deposits in the hippocampus (beta-amyloid, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (F) Plaques in the frontal cortex (AgNOR, magnification 100x).


Lesion surgical enucleation and extraction of tooth 26.


Specimen for histopathological analysis tooth 26.


(a) Histological features of the biopsy specimen showing cellular connective tissue and presence of multiple islands and strands of odontogenic epithelium (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification x400).


(b) Immunohistochemical reaction for AE1/AE3 : positive staining for odontogenic epithelium (original magnification x400).


The figure shows a TEE long axis view of the aortavalve and ascending aorta. The arrow denotes the vegetation on the bicuspid valve.


Interdigital pilonidal sinus of the right hand third web space.


(a) Histological examination in the first patient revealed a sinus tract, and multiple broken hair shafts. The sinus was surrounded by benign squamous epithelium, acute, and chronic inflammatory cells with foreign body giant cells. X40), (b) Histological examination in the second patient showed a sinus tract with multiple broken hair shafts, and . Foreign body type granulomas. X40).


Ultrasound of the left breast centered on the palpable lump showing an oval, heterogeneous lesions with smooth borders.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T2-weighted MR image with fat saturation (A), the lesion demonstrates a heterogeneous appearance with areas of low and high signal.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T1-weighted MR image (B), the lesion shows a more homogeneous appearance with a hyposignal.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T1-weighted MR image with gadolinium and fat saturation (C), the mass demonstrates a heterogeneous enhancement, with a polylobulated appearance. No lymphadenopathies are seen.


Extraoral swelling.


Intraoperatively showing two cystic swellings delivered via the submandibular approach.


Specimen measuring 3 cm x 2 cm.


Cheesy material inside the swelling.


Histopathological slides.


MRI of bilateral breast lumps- 3.8 x 3.5 x 3 cm irregular speculated mass in left breast (Suspicious of malignancy), 2.3 x 1.5 cm well defined mass lesion in right breast (less than 6% malignant probability).


Benign ductal epithelial cell cluster (Pap, x100).


Lesion with bare bipolar nuclei in the background (MGG, x400).


Medical image.


Clusters of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli (MGG, x400).


Digital X-ray KUB showed a large soft tissue density in right lumbar region with loss of right psoas shadow, blurring of preperitoneal fat planes, displaced bowel loops and mild scoliosis of spine.


Fine needle aspirate smear shows lipid laden macrophages and few haemosiderin laden macrophages consistent with the diagnosis of Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (Haematoxylin and eosin; x40).


(a) Computed tomography (CT) head (axial view).


(b) CT head (sagittal view).


(c) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain (coronal view).


(d) MRI brain (sagittal view).


(e) MRI brain (axial view).


A pre-operative electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and p mitrale (noted by the negative q wave deflection of more than 1 mm in the lead V1, suggestive of left atrial enlargement).


Axial CT Scan of Left Lower Extremity. Arrowhead demonstrates discrete intramuscular fluid collection with the largest focus centered in the vastus lateralis.


Coronal CT Scan of Left Lower Extremity. Arrowhead demonstrates discrete intramuscular fluid collection with the largest focus centered in the vastus lateralis.


Lumbar computed tomography scan: hyperdense lesion, suggestive of a calcified tumor.


Intraoperative image: intradural calcified lesion.


Transversal section of the abdominal CT scan revealed an inhomogeneous round tumor of 73 x 61 mm with sharp margins and with hypodense fatty components and enhancing soft tissue.


Laparotomy showed a 10-cm-large tumor, which was completely resected.


Histological section with HE staining of the resected myofibroblastic tumor showing spindle cell proliferation, fibrotic lymph node involvement and central necrosis. Magnification x5,000.


The axial T2WI image shows a small strip of a hypersignal lesion near the left lateral ventricle (A).


The lesion presented hyperintensity on FLAIR.


No significant diffuse obstruction on DWI.


No significant enhancement (D) was observed in the GD-DTPA enhanced sequence.


Preoperative intraoral findings. . A: Upper dentition (occlusal view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . B: Lower dentition (occlusal view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . C: Front teeth (front view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . D: Left-side view of molar occlusal status. Planned implant site indicated with an asterisk.


Preoperative radiographic findings. . A: Periapical radiographof the planned implant site. Arrowheads indicate the borders of an irregularly-shaped radiolucency.


Preoperative radiographic findings. . B: Panoramic radiograph, with an irregularly-shaped radiolucency (arrowheads) also visible.


3D-microCT images of the alveolar biopsy sample. . Left to right: microCT images, with the sample being successively rotated approx. 60 degrees clockwise each time. . CB: cortical bone; TB: plate-like trabeculae.


Microphotograph showing cohesive clusters of oncocytes with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm and central pyknotic nuclei in a clear background (1a: MGG,x400; 1b: H and E, x400).


Post contrast sagittal image of lumbo sacral spine showing a cystic lesion at D12-L1 level with enhancement of cyst wall.


T2W sagittal image of spine showing a hyperintense cystic lesion at D12 - L1 level with hypointense cyst wall.


Intra-operative image after performing laminectomy at D12- L1 level. The lesion appears predominantly cystic but the walls are densely adherent to the surrounding nerve rootlets.


Histopathology image of cyst wall showing pseudostratified lining with goblet cells.


Cilia.


Cytologic smears. (A) Isolated mononucleated and binucleated cells, some with cytoplasmic granules (Wright stain, x400).


Cytologic smears. (B) Amyloid-like materials (Wright stain, x400).


Cytologic smears. Round cells with multiple Auer rods in the cytoplasm (arrow). Wright stain, x400.


Cytologic smears. . Wright stain, x1000).


Histologic section. Sheets of neoplastic cells with stippled chromatin and amyloid deposition (H&E stain, x400).


(a) MRI showed the rectovaginal fistula before administration of infliximab. (b) Barium-enema study showed the barium running into the vaginal cavity before administration of infliximab. White arrows pointed respectively A: rectum;. Rectovaginal fistula.


(a) MRI showed the rectovaginal fistula before administration of infliximab. (b) Barium-enema study showed the barium running into the vaginal cavity before administration of infliximab. . Vagina cavity.


Symptomatic changes (excrement time, CRP, BMI, ERS) after admission in a graph with time dependently as a basic date (day 0) by the infliximab beginning day.


(a) MRI.


(b) Barium-enema study. Both examinations are inspected from the start of therapy 1 year later, and confirmed rectovaginal fistula closing.


Red free fundus photos (a, b) of Case 2 (mother of Case 1) demonstrating bilateral angioid streaks (thick green arrows) and fibrotic disciform scars (purple triangles).


Indocyanine green angiography (c, d) demonstrates polyp lesions at the edge of the disciform scars in the right eye (yellow arrow) and late geographic hypercyanescence in the left eye (red triangle) demonstrating the appearance of a branching vascular network, consistent with a diagnosis of advanced polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.


Postoperative sagittal T2 magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine demonstrating postoperative changes of laminectomy with residual intradural lesions at L1. This was the only postoperative image obtained as patient discomfort led to an early terminated examination.


Gross photograph of a congenital giant nevus.


Preoperative photograph of the nodular lesion in the penis.


Microscopic pathology of a surgical specimen at 40 x magnification.


Microscopic pathology of a surgical specimen at 400 x magnification.


Xiao Shi, MD.


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47- year-old HIV+ female with cough and chest pain. Postero-anterior chest radiograph demonstrates an abnormal contour along the right cardiomediastinal border (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47 year-old HIV+ female with an anterior mediastinal mass. Axial contrast enhanced chest CT at the level of the heart shows a 7.1 x 2.7 x 8.8 cm lobular lowattenuation mass with heterogeneous enhancement draped across the anterior mediastinum (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47 year-old HIV+ female with an anterior mediastinal mass. Coronal contrast enhanced chest CT shows low-attenuation cystic areas and enhancing septations (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia. Gross thymectomy specimen from a 47- year-old HIV+ female weighs 180 gram and measures 14.5 cm from medial to lateral, 15 cm from superior to inferior and up to 3.5 cm from anterior to posterior. The gland is very lobulated in appearance with a moderate amount of attached adipose tissue. The gland appears encapsulated with a smooth and glistening pink-purple surface.


CT of metastatic disease. Axial CT of the abdomen and thorax. Multiple contrast-enhancing lesions in the liver with irregular borders typical for metastases (a). Histopathological analysis of a liver metastasis revealed only large, pleomorphic cells (a inset) consistent with a highly malignant dedifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. CT of thorax showing multiple round, well-circumscribed lung lesions consistent with metastases.


CT of metastatic disease. Axial CT of the abdomen and thorax. The ground-glass opacity around the lesions may be caused by hemorrhage (b).


CT showing radiological response. Axial CT of the thorax and abdomen showing almost complete radiological response after histological subtype-specific chemotherapy. A small metastatic lesion measuring 5 x 6 mm. Arrow).


CT showing radiological response. Axial CT of the thorax and abdomen showing almost complete radiological response after histological subtype-specific chemotherapy. No other visible metastatic foci in the lungs or the liver. Are seen after chemotherapy.


CT images of the abdomen with contrast medium shows a heterogeneously enhancing exophytic mass projecting posteriorly from the upper pole of the right kidney.


MR images with contrast showed a 4-cm complex enhancing mass at the projecting from the posterolateral aspect of the upper pole (indicating arrows) of the right kidney; the complex mass demonstrated heterogeneous signal internally including a focal hypointense signal on precontrastT1 weighted sequences; and these areas also showed hyperintense signal postcontrast suggesting hemorrhage, necrosis, and scar formation components.


F-18 FDG PET images.


Tumor is composed of clear cells.


Clinical and treatment parameters of the patient during the 1st month after hospital admission. (A-H) show the time course of different laboratory parameters during the first 30 days following hospital admission.


Clinical and treatment parameters of the patient during the 1st month after hospital admission. (I) displays a timeline of the different clinical parameters and specific therapy during the first 30 days.


Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the patient's endomyocardial biopsy. Serial tissue sections of paraffin-embedded endomyocardial biopsies reveal perivascular fibrosis in absence of myocyte necrosis [Masson Trichrome.


Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the patient's endomyocardial biopsy. HE. Stainings, see circle.


Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the patient's endomyocardial biopsy. Severe infiltration of CD68+ macrophages.


Histopathology and immunohistochemistry of the patient's endomyocardial biopsy. CD3+ T cells. Primarily around intracardiac small vessels (see circle, magnification x200). HE, hematoxylin-eosin; CD, cluster of differentiation.


(a) A well-defined extra-axial lesion is identified anterior to the brainstem on this sagittal view, appearing hyper intense relative to brain parenchyma on the T2 weighted image (White arrows).


(b) Similar section noted one year later with reduction in mass of the cystic lesion identified in the image a.


(a) T1 weighted Brain MRI, this axial section identifies the lesion anterior to the brain stem appearing hyper intense relative to brain parenchyma (White arrows).


(a) T1 weighted image with contrast Brain MRI, this axial section identifies the lesion anterior to the brain stem appearing hyper intense relative to brain parenchyma with no enhancement noticed on contrast (White arrows).


Clinical photograph showing irregular, nodular, and discolored lesions on the forearm.


Clinical photograph showing erythematous, nodular, irregular lesions on the anterior chest wall, below the left nipple.


X-ray chest Posteroanterior view showing irregular diffuse deposition of mercury in the subcutaneous plane.


Gross photograph showing tissue bits with some shiny material on cut surface.


(a,b) Coronal and Saggital sections from CT Skeletal survey for paraproteinaemia. Single 3.2 x 1.5 cm medium low attenuation lesion with a thin sclerotic margin in the midshaft of the right femur causing mild scalloping of the adjacent inner aspect of the medial cortex.


MRI with standard multi-planar technique. (a, b) Coronal and sagittal T2 weighted MRI images of a 1.4 x 2.0 x 3.3 cm showed a hyperintense, well marginated, eccentrically located and marginally expansile lesion involving the mid right femoral shaft.


MRI with standard multi-planar technique. (c) Coronal T1-weighted image showed a well circumscribed cystic lesion of the right femoral shaft with a narrow zone of transition. It was fluid filled and has a relatively homogenous consistency with no cortical expansion. No other focal lesion seen.


(a,b) Femur XR post-operatively. The Intramedullary nail in situ in satisfactory position with evidence of excision biopsy site and cortical erosion.


(a) Low power image showed a fragmented spindle cell lesion and accellular necrotic bone.


(b) High power image showed biphasic appearance with hypercellular Antoni A areas and myxoid hypocellular Antoni B areas. There was evidence of nuclear pallisading around fibrillary processes (verocay bodies) and variable cellular spindle cell proliferation consistent with schwannoma. No atypical infiltrate or evidence of malignancy was seen.


(c) Cytoplasmic and nuclear immunohistochemical staining demontrated that the neoplastic cells are positive for S100.


The timeline showing the history of treatment and examinations for the patient under current study.


Family pedigrees case 1. The arrow point to the proband case who underwent whole-genome sequencing.


Summarizing scheme of disease progress.


Bone marrow smears of an acute myeloid leukemia without maturation case showing numerous blasts with round nuclei, fine nuclear chromatin, and dark blue cytoplasm (Leishman stain, oil immersion x 100).


GTG-banding in secondary AML-M6 revealed a tetraploid karyotype in 20% of the analyzed cells.


Ultrasound image of involved lymph nodes.


Fused positron emission tomography-fluorodeoxyglucose (PET-FDG) image before AVD treatment.


HE (magnification 400x).


HE (magnification 100x).


Immunohistochemical staining CD30 (magnification 400x). The stains included anti-CD20, CD3, CD30, CD15, PAX5, MUM-1, Ki-67.


HE immunohistochemical staining (magnification 400x). The stains included anti-CD20, CD3, CD30, CD15, PAX5, MUM-1, Ki-67.


Intraoral view showing the absence of 11.


Preoperative maxillary occlusal radiograph revealing impacted 11 and multiple supernumerary teeth.


Surgical area after removal of supernumerary teeth.


Surgically removed supernumerary teeth and soft tissue mass.


Panoramic radiograph showing Begg's bracket on 11 and traction with a ligature wire tied to a stainless steel base arch wire.


Intraoral view showing the alignment of 11 and a rectangular stainless steel wire.


Post- treatment intraoral view showing well aligned 11.


Preoperative panoramic radiograph showing impacted 11 and supernumerary tooth.


Panoramic radiograph showing mild eruption of 11.


Surgical exposure of 11.


Intraoral view showing the alignment of 11 with a NiTi wire.


Intraoral view showing the complete alignment of 11.


Left lower leg of case 1 on day 14 of hospitalization.


Left lower leg of case 1 on day 68 of hospitalization.


Female patient aged 45 years with POF in mandibular anterior region, displacing central, lateral and canine teeth.


Microscopic picture of biopsy slide showing- proliferated fibrous bands in the connective tissue with uniformly distributed chronic inflammatory cells.


Micro-photograph of another specimen of the same biopsy, showing thick fibrous whirls.


Multiple foci of osteoid tissue, surrounded by fibrous whirls.


Sam slide at further location showing multiple foci of osteoid tissue, surrounded by fibrous bands.


Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the marker chromosome. Arrows indicate the marker chromosome. (A) Spectral karyotyping.


Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the marker chromosome. Arrows indicate the marker chromosome. (B) Whole chromosome paint 18 green.


Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the marker chromosome. Arrows indicate the marker chromosome. (C) chromosome 18 arm-specific painting, 18p green/18q red.


Molecular cytogenetic characterization of the marker chromosome. Arrows indicate the marker chromosome. (D) Multicolor DNA Probe Kit CEP 18 aqua/X green/Y orange.


Electropherogram of the unbalanced marker D18S386 on chromosome 18.


(A) On admission.


(B) Two weeks after treatment.


(A) IgG staining.


(B) IgG4 staining.


PET-CT showed high glucose intake in salivary glands, lymph nodes, liver, and spleen.


Dynamic changes of laboratory examination. (A) WBC, NE underwent significant reduction after taking meropenem and TMP-SMX.


Dynamic changes of laboratory examination. (B) CRP, PCT underwent significant reduction after taking meropenem and TMP-SMX.


Dynamic changes of laboratory examination. (C) Renal glomerular function improved with lower urinary protein/24h urinary protein quantification.


Dynamic changes of laboratory examination. (D) Renal function retaining almost steady on the creatinine, eGFR, urea.


Routine bacterial culture result, identification of bronchoscopy specimens: Nocardia (Magnifications: 100x). (A) yellowish bacterial colony growing after bronchoscopy specimen inoculated on the culture medium.


Routine bacterial culture result, identification of bronchoscopy specimens: Nocardia (Magnifications: 100x). (B and C) Gram-positive, partial acid-fast positive, rod-shaped bacterium.


DWI: Patchy diffusion restricted lesions with high signal in the left frontal lobe, the corresponding ADC diagram shows uneven low signal changes.


The clinical course of this case.


Single-cell analysis of resected tissue from enhancing and non-enhancing lesions (A) Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) representation of ten identified cell types in enhancing and non-enhancing samples from the resected tissue.


(B) Percentages of each cell type of all cell populations.


Subclustering analysis of T and NK cells. (A) UMAP plot showing three distinct T cell subpopulations, CD4+, CD8+, and Tregs (CD4+/FOXP3.


Subclustering analysis of T and NK cells. (B) UMAP representation of cytolytic score of T cells.


Subclustering analysis of T and NK cells. (C) Violin plots summarizing the cytolytic score of NK cells and T cells from enhancing and non-enhancing samples. The average cytolytic scores of T cells were 1.87 in enhancing and 2.50 in non-enhancing lesions (Wilcoxon test p = 3.084 x 10-6), and the average cytolytic scores of NK cells were 3.06 in enhancing and 4.66 in non-enhancing (Wilcoxon test p = 4.136 x 10-14).


Tumor cells arranged in papillary configuration (Pap, x200).


Papillary fragments revealing round to oval cells with hyper-chromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli and abundant vacuolated cytoplasm (Pap, x400).


Clusters and papillary fragments of atypical cells containing abundant cytoplasm. (MGG, x200). Extracellular hyaline material (MGG, x100 [Inset]).


Changes of inflammatory markers during antibiotics treatment ( CRP.


Medical image.


WBC).


Computed tomography scan showing lytic lesion in mandible.


Fine-needle aspiration cytology smears showing many multinucleate giant cells (Leishman, x400).


Fine-needle aspiration cytology smears showing multinucleate giant cells amidst hemorrhagic background (Papanicolaou, x400).


Histopathology of parathyroid adenoma (x400).


Blue-gray colored eye lid with underlying tissue necrosis.


Intraoperative appearance of advancing wound.


Extraoral photograph of patient.


Clinical photograph showing. Gingival swelling on palatal aspect of 54.55.


64.65. Diffused.


Erythematous ulcerated gingival swelling covered with necrotic slough over buccal aspect of 64.65.


Gingival swelling with tiny bleeding spots over buccal aspect of 75 and 85.


(a and b) Intraoral radiograph showing radiolucent lesion surrounding root of 55, 74 and 75.


Orthopantomogram revealed multiple areas of bone loss in the left mandibular region.


(a and b) Axial and coronal computed tomography revealed multiple soft tissue density lesions with irregular and punched out bony destruction noted involving left mandibular, left side of occiput, right maxillary and right temporal bone.


Three-dimensional computed tomography revealed multiple osteolytic lesions in relation to maxillary alveolar process, body and ramus of left side of mandible.


Histopathological picture showing diffuse infiltrate of Langerhans cell with eosinophils (H&E stain, x40).


Trichoscopy presentation of hair roots.


Preoperative computerized tomography scan revealed an osteolytic multilocular radiolucency at posterior mandible associated with an impacted developing tooth.


A photomicrograph of Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections showing primitive connective tissue stroma covered by columnar epithelium,. X100).


Follow up Computerized tomography scan revealed a new spongy bone formation at the site of preexisting lesion.


F; Computed tomography of the chest showing multiple random nodules diffusely distributed in both the lung fields.


MRI post-shunting (20 days). (A) MRI (T1-weighted image) shows a hypointensity signal periaqueductal area (red circle) with irregular profile suggesting the presence of the lesion.


MRI post-shunting (20 days). (B) MRI scan (T2-weighted image) shows a hyperintensity signal in the same area (red circle).


MRI post-shunting (20 days). (C) Gadolinium T1-weighted image shows a low focal contrast enhancement of the lesion in the periaqueductal area.


MRI post-shunting (20 days). (D) Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) reveals elevated cholin peaks (cholin/creatinine ratio at 1,9) in addition to reduced NAA (N-acetylaspartate).


MRI post-shunting (20 days). (E) Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) shows a low cerebral blood volume (CBV) in the area of interest.


A 76-year-old male who presented with an enlarging right breast lump which proved to be an epidermoid cyst. Gray scale ultrasound of the right breast demonstrates an oval circumscribed mass with heterogeneous echogenicity at the 12 o'clock position 4 cm from the nipple. The mass is primarily located within the subcutaneous tissue. Contact with the deepest dermal layer forms an obtuse angle.


A 76-year-old male who presented with an enlarging right breast lump which proved to be an epidermoid cyst. Color Doppler ultrasound of the right breast mass demonstrates internal vascularity (arrow).


A 76-year-old male who presented with an enlarging right breast lump which proved to be an epidermoid cyst. Ultrasound- guided core biopsy of the right breast mass was performed with a 12-gauge needle.


A 76-year-old male who presented with an enlarging right breast lump which proved to be an epidermoid cyst. Post-biopsy ultrasound of the right breast mass 2-3 weeks later demonstrates a ruptured epidermoid cyst with surrounding inflammation and abscess formation. Note pus-filled tract extending to the skin (arrow).


Histopathological image shows sheets of odontogenic epithelium in the stroma arranged in cords and small islands (H&E,x100).


Histopathological image shows sheets of odontogenic cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent intercellular bridges H&E x400).


Histopathological image shows nests of clear cells (H&E x400).


Histopathological image shows amyloid-like material admixed with epithelium (Congo red, x100).


2-Dimensional echocardiographic imaging (apical 4 chamber view) demonstrating dilated right side of the heart with most of the right ventricular cavity occupied by the tumor mass.


2D apical 4 chamber view showing forward tricuspid flow through the residual RV cavity.


Representative picture showing results from three independent endoscopic evaluations of the intestine of the patient obtained at different times before he was started on antibiotic therapy. There was no opportunity for further evaluations during treatment.


(A) Heavy shedding of typical MAP bacilli as seen in ZN staining: 4+ (positive).


(B) Negative for MAP bacilli at the end of 12 months of treatment.


Cat toy.


Granulomatous response to synthetic fibers.


Synthetic fibers with polarized light.


Clinical photographs. . Notes: (A) Patient's clinical presentation of herpes zoster ophthalmicus in 2002 (inset) with a slit-lamp photograph of his neurotrophic corneal ulcer in 2007.


Clinical photographs. (B) Cyanoacrylate glue had been applied for the management of a perforated corneal descemetocele in April 2011.


Clinical photographs. (C) Suspected vitreous prolapse from previous cataract surgery or accumulated fibrin that may have allowed passage of mycobacterial past the lens implant into the vitreous cavity (inset), and recurrent hypopyon.


Clinical photographs. (D) Clear corneal graft and anterior chamber 1 month after the pars plana vitrectomy, anterior chamber washout, and intravitreal injections of antimicrobial and fungal agents (amikacin, 400 mug/0.1 mL; vancomycin, 1 mg/0.1 mL; and amphotericin B, 5 mug/0.1 mL).


Squash smear showing tigroid background and dual population of cells; large polygonal tumor cells with vesicular chromatin, moderate amount of fragile vacuolated cytoplasm (arrow head) and mature lymphocytes in the background (arrow) (May Grundwald Giemsa X400).


Chest X-ray upon first admission. . Cardio-mediastinal silhouette is within normal limits with the heart being normal in size. . No pleural effusion / pneumothorax/consolidative patches identified.


Chest X-ray upon his most recent admission. . Mildly prominent hilar vascular markings identified (red arrows) with minimal blunting of the left costophrenic angle (blue arrows) and mild elevation of the left hemidiaphragm. But Cardio-mediastinal silhouette.


Chest CT upon recent admission. . Congestive pulmonary changes in the form of ground glass opacities and pleural effusion at the posterior inferior aspects of both lungs, more on the left. (Arrow heads) Circumferential pericardial effusion (red arrow).


Pleural and Pericardial Biopsy Histopathology report. . A. Light microscopic view showing well-defined epithelioid granuloma engulfing parasitic egg (H&E x400).


Pleural and Pericardial Biopsy Histopathology report. . B. The cuticle of the parasitic egg is polarizable (H&E x400 with polarizer/analyzer lens).


CT imaging of the maxillofacial region shows a heterogeneous mass over the left side of the nasal dorsum and frontal process of the left maxilla.


Photomicrograph showing acellular material arranged as nodules (Congo red, 20x).


Cytogenetic result of unstimulated bone marrow samples showing 47,XX, +4, t(8;21) in all metaphase plates.


(A) A metaphase cell following FISH with LSI AML-ETO (Abbott Molecular, USA).


(B) Whole chromosome paint probe 4 with spectrum Orange (Abbott Molecular, USA).


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of head and neck. A, Axial MRI scan showing a significantly increased signal of the bone marrow lesion (yellow arrow) when compared with left mandibular body (asterisk), with bone edema indicative of an inflammatory process taking place in the right mandibular body and gas tracking along the two pterygoid muscles (white arrows).


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of head and neck. B, A coronal T2-weighted image of the submandibular region showing a wide mass with very high signal intensity from the parapharyngeal space to the inferior cervical region with associated edema.


Gynecomastia.


Almond shaped eyes with esotropia.


Fluorescence in situ hybridization.


Autopsy findings. (A) Crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephritis. , x 400.


Autopsy findings. (B) Alveolar hemorrhage with neutrophil infiltration. , x200.


Autopsy findings. (C, D) DVT: neutrophils were abundant in the thrombus. Original magnification: x40.


Autopsy findings. (C, D) DVT: neutrophils were abundant in the thrombus. , x 400.


Autopsy findings. (E-G) NETs in the glomerulus. Blue: DNA stained by DAPI. Red: MPO. NETs were present in the crescent. , x 400.


Autopsy findings. (H-J) NETs in the thrombus. The detection of NETs was performed similar to the renal specimens. , x 400.


Mutational landscape of the three renal tumors in the patient's left kidney at first recurrence. We visualized the somatic mutation profiles of each tumor:angiomyolipoma (AML), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and papillary RCC:as heat maps (black-colored genes indicate driver gene mutations in many cancer types). CDH11, Cadherin 11; CDK12, Cyclin Dependent Kinase 12; DICER1, Dicer 1; PABPC1, Poly(A) Binding Protein Cytoplasmic 1; PARP4, Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Family Member 4; PBRM1, Polybromo 1; POLQ, DNA Polymerase Theta; PTPN13, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Non-Receptor Type 13; PTPRK, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type K; RET, Ret Proto-Oncogene; RPS3A, Ribosomal Protein S3A; SAMD3, Sterile Alpha Motif Domain Containing 3; SMARCA1, SWI/SNF Related, Matrix Associated, Actin Dependent Regulator Of Chromatin, Subfamily A, Member 1; SUSD2, Sushi Domain Containing 2; TSC1, TSC Complex Subunit 1; ZNF208, Zinc Finger Protein 208; ZNF721, Zinc Finger Protein 721.


(a) Photomicrograph of normocellular bone marrow trephine biopsy (H and E, x40). (b) Numerous histiocytes replacing the other normal bone marrow cell constituents (H and E, x100).


Photomicrographs of immunohistochemistry revealing (a) Positive cytoplasmic immunoexpression of CD68 in histiocytes (CD68, x200).


(b) CD1a-negative histiocytes (CD1a, x200).


(c) Negative immunoexpression of histiocytes for S100 (S100, x200).


(d) CD3 immunopositive expression of the lymphocytes (CD3, x200).


(a) Periodic acid-Schiff stain negative histiocytes (PAS, x200).


(b) Perl's Prussian blue staining showing unstained brown pigment in the histiocytes (Perl's stain, x200).


(a) Schizont of P. Vivax (encircled) on peripheral blood smear examination (Leishman stain, x200). (b) Bleaching of the brown-colored pigment in the histiocytes with the alcoholic ammonium hydroxide (H and E, x200).


A set of antibiotic-loaded articulate spacers that were implanted.


T1-weighted sagittal image of a 2-year-old girl. Note the hypoplastic pons and cerebellum with normal appearance of the corpus callosum.


Healthy donor) blood CD8- TCRgammadelta- T-cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells (B). Panel (B) shows CD4 surface membrane expression levels for CD8- TCRgammadelta- T-cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells for the different anti-CD4 antibody clones tested in the patient (black histogram) compared to a representative healthy donor (gray histogram) and an isotype control (red dash line), and the staining for a negative population (CD8+ T-cells) in the patient (green line) and the healthy control (blue line). DCs, dendritic cells.


Thorax CT, It is observed that the lesion shows spiculation into the lung parenchyma in the coronal reformatted images and parenchymal window.


Torax CT, Lesion with irregular borders and containing milimetric calcified focuses in the axial mediastinal window in the right apical region of the lung.


Appearance of the lesion with a moderate FDG uptake in fusion images in PET-CT.


Specimen material of the lesion after wedge resection. Red-looking lung tissue in the lesion and its surrounding area monitored off-white-yellow in colour in total.


Clinical course of the patient. . Abbreviations: HD, high dose; DEX, dexamethsone; Cy, cyclophosphamide; FLC, free light chain; IgG, Immunoglobulin G.


Axial.


Coronal T1-contrast. Image shows contrast enhancement dural-based tumor with cystic component size 7 x 5 cm resulting in midline shift of approximately 1.6 cm and third ventricular obliteration.


Axial T2 image showing hypointense cystic component (c).


Microscopic examination revealed the proliferation of neoplastic meningothelial cells with pale eosinophilic cytoplasm forming solid nests, associated with a dense chronic inflammatory infiltrate rich in lymphocytes and some plasma cells (a) (H&E, x20).


Both tumor cells and lymphocytes are positive with vimentin (b) (x20).


Negative glial fibrillary acidic protein in tumor cells excludes the diagnosis of glioma with xanthomatous changes (c) (x40).


CD3 staining in lymphocytes dispersed between tumor cells (d) (x20).


Immediate postoperative computed tomography scan showing total removal of tumor with some certain extent of midline shift (a).


Magnetic resonance imaging axial T1-contrast scan 6 months after operation showing no recurrence (b).


Bronchial washing cytology shows bronchial epithelial cells and mixed acute and chronic inflammatory infiltrate, including numerous histiocytes. Most histiocytes were packed with many yeast-like organisms (Pap, x400) with inset showing oval to oblong in shape with central transverse septum (GMS, x1000).


Bronchoscopic biopsy shows diffuse histiocytic proliferation with organisms in submucosa. (H&E, x400).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Noncontrast axial computed tomography thorax in mediastinal window showing bilateral pleural effusion (white arrow).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Coronal high-resolution computed tomography window showing necrotizing fasciitis in the left lateral chest wall (black arrow).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Axial noncontrast computed tomography abdomen showing retroperitoneal abscess extending anterolateral to left psoas, anterior to left iliacus, extending up to left inguinal region with multiple air foci (white arrows). Multiple air foci just beneath anterior abdominal wall on either side, in intermuscular fat planes of abdominal wall muscles and in subcutaneous fat in anterior abdominal wall on the left side (curved white arrows).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Noncontrast computed tomography abdomen and pelvis. Coronal.


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. . Sagittal) showing left renal (white arrow) and retroperitoneal abscess with air foci (curved white arrow).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Noncontrast computed tomography thorax and abdomen with pelvis. Mediastinal window - axial.


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. . Coronal) showing necrotizing fasciitis in the left lateral chest wall up to left axilla (black arrow), along left lateral abdominal wall (white arrow) reaching up to perivesical fat (curved white arrow).


A 53-year-old female patient with emphysematous pyelonephritis with necrotizing fasciitis presented with breathlessness, pain in left lower hemithorax and in the left lumbar region. Noncontrast computed tomography abdomen and pelvis showing pigtail catheterization in a retroperitoneal abscess (white arrow).


MRI scan of suprapatellar aspect in January 2013.


May 2017.


Histological image showing highly vascular soft tissue mass, diagnosed histologically as capillary hemangioma.


Case 2. A; FISH analysis on metaphase and interphase with an LSI ETV6/RUNX1 ES Dual Color Translocation Probe Set (Vysis).


Case 2. B; SNP array revealed the highest level of amplification located within the RUNX1 locus.


Pretreatment study models.


Right buccal occlusion.


Left buccal occlusion.


Maxillary occlusal view. Mandibular occlusal view.


Chest CT scan reveals right lower lobe cavity.


Transaxial, coronal, and sagittal statistical parametric mapping results (p=0.05 false discovery rate) confirming the hypometabolism in the cerebellar lobes.


Magnetic resonance imaging, T1 sequences with gadolinium, sagittal view. Imaging after two previous resections. Note strong dorsal (C7/Th1 to Th5) and ventral (C6 to Th3/Th4) enhancement in the spinal canal. Artifacts due to laminoplasty material.


Chest CT results on day 1, day 7, and day 14 after admission. (A) Chest CT findings on the first day of admission revealed diffuse pneumonitis throughout the lungs.


Chest CT results on day 1, day 7, and day 14 after admission. (B) The patient's chest CT on day 7 showed a worsening of the infection (due to the severity of the disease, the patient could not hold her breath well, so the images were not clear).


Chest CT results on day 1, day 7, and day 14 after admission. (C) On the 14th day of admission, the patient's chest CT results showed slight improvement after treatment.


Dynamic changes in infection indexes and platelet counts in the patient after admission. (A, B) The neutrophil and leucocyte counts decreased significantly 7 days after admission.


Dynamic changes in infection indexes and platelet counts in the patient after admission. (C) The serum procalcitonin level continued to decline.


Dynamic changes in infection indexes and platelet counts in the patient after admission. (D) The platelet count continued to increase. Eventually, the patient's indicators returned to normal (different colors represent different medications, and the length of the lines represents the duration of treatment with the medication).


Dynamic changes in liver and kidney function in the patient after admission. After appropriate treatment, the aspartate aminotransferase.


Dynamic changes in liver and kidney function in the patient after admission. Alanine aminotransferase.


Dynamic changes in liver and kidney function in the patient after admission. Lactate dehydrogenase.


Dynamic changes in liver and kidney function in the patient after admission. Creatinine. Levels of the patient gradually returned to normal (different colors represent different medications, and the length of the lines represents the duration of treatment with the medication).


The anteroposterior pelvis graphy, determined multilobular dense nodular components in the periarticular soft tissue around the pelvis joint.


Radiographs of the right knee reveal calcified masses with lucent areas in the popliteal cavity of the knee joint.


Ultrasound of the right axillary area showing a mass with cystic degeneration.


MRI of the right axillary area involved, showing a lesion in the right axilla measuring 3.0 x 3.8 x 2.3 cm, with primary cystic component and irregular thickened wall.


Anterior segment photograph of the patient's right eye.


Cataract, a retrolental vascularized mass extending from the optic disc to the posterior lens capsule, and depression and enlargement of the optic disc in the right eye by Doppler ultrasonography.


The elongation of ciliary processes was demonstrated.


A. Calcified nodule with "egg-shell" pattern.


B. Microcalcification spots in the same nodule.


A. Macroscopically complete calcified nodule.


B. Calcified rim when cut.


Erythema rash on the front of the chest.


Swelling on the palmar aspect of the index finger.


Soft tissue swelling on the palmar aspect of the finger without any bony changes.


Cut section of the well-defined tumor with fibrofatty tissue.


Histopathological appearance showing multiple multinucleated giant cells interspersed in a stroma of histiocytes and fibrous tissue.


MRI images. MRI images (1.5 tesla): (A,B) Sagittal sections in the T1-weighted MRI images: global cerebellar atrophy with a marked enlargement of the subarachnoid space, thinning of cerebellar folds and vermis (arrow) related to diffuse cerebellar atrophy.


MRI images. (C) Axial section in the T1 sequence: cerebral white matter and ventricles without alterations.


NSD1 gene sequencing. Exon 2 sequence of the NSD1 gene (superior: normal; inferior: patient sequence) showing the deletion of adenine (blue arrow) at position 247 (c.247delA), which has an effect on the protein and generates a premature stop codon at amino acid 87 (red box).


(A) Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) shows pleural-based heterogenous hypodense mass.


(B) Baseline positron emission tomography-computed tomography shows local disease.


(C) CECT shows large abdominopelvic mass.


(D) CECT shows presacral deposit.


(A) Pleomorphic liposarcoma tumor deposit shows admixture of pleomorphic lipoblasts with epithelioid cells (hematoxylin and eosin, x100).


(B) Pleomorphic liposarcoma tumor deposit shows multivacuolated lipoblasts with indented pleomorphic nuclei (hematoxylin and eosin, x200).


(C) Pleomorphic liposarcoma cells are positive for S-100 (immunohistochemistry, x200).


(D) Pleomorphic liposarcoma cells show diffuse p53 expression (immunohistochemistry, x200).


Clinial photograph showing papulovescicular lesions over the anterior chest wall (arrow).


Complete ptosis and ophthalmoplegia in the left eye.


T1 and T2-weighted MRI with gadolinium contrast of the brain and orbits. . Notes: Coronal T2-weighted MRI disclosing a 5x9x10 mm abnormal enhancing of the soft tissue in the left superior orbital fissure with mild extension along the anterior aspect of the left cavernous sinus (red arrow).


T1 and T2-weighted MRI with gadolinium contrast of the brain and orbits.an axial T1-weighted MRI disclosing mild edema of the left lateral rectus (red arrow) . Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. T1, spin-lattice relaxation time; T2, spin-spin relaxation time.


Lemierre syndrome patient with neck stiffness, cervical lymphadenopathy and tenderness along the course of external jugular vein.


X-ray AP and lateral view of the neck showing increase in prevertebral shadow at 4th cervical vertebral region. Cervical lordosis is lost. Diffuse pulmonary infiltrates present.


CECT neck showing peripheral enhancing hypodense area in the prevertebral space compressing trachea and oesophagus.


Axial CECT lung window showing well-defined subpleural nodules with central cavity and feeding vessel. Minimal bilateral pleural effusion noted.


Thyroid-stimulating hormone timeline.


Bone chambers massively invaded by grayish-colored oxalate crystals deposited in stars or rosettes (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification x 40).


Grayish-colored oxalate crystals deposited in stars or rosettes surrounded by a macrophage reaction against foreign bodies (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification x 200).


Medullar fibrosis (special trichrome stain, original magnification x 200).


A very intense pale green birefringence of crystals of oxalate showed in polarized light (hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification x 400).


First CT scans at admission. Acute pancreatic necrosis and edema of pancreatic tail and surrounding adipose tissue are visible (arrows).


A-d CT scans after VARD. After transgastric necrosectomy, VARD, and percutaneous drainage, all the retroperitoneal necrotic collections dramatically reduced (arrows).


The axial T1.


T2 W/FLAIR. Image shows cerebellar vermis lesion that was hypointense on T1WI and heterogeneous on T2WI, vith perilesional edema, and triventricular hydrocephalus.


H&E x100 specimen of pancreatic tail displaying multifocal high-grade intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasia. H&E, hematoxylin and eosin.


Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography demonstrating a new development of enhancement of a branch duct cystic lesion most distally.


H&E x100 specimen of pancreatic tail displaying multifocal high-grade dysplasia pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia-3.


Composite oral cavity defect. Through-and-through defect following composite mandibular resection and resection of the entire chin pad.


Simultaneous harvest of anterior tibial perforator free flap and fibular osteocutaneous free flap. Anterior tibial perforator supplying the anterior border of skin paddle.


Fibular free flap plated into a reconstruction plate, shown with attached anterior tibial perforator flap (ie, flow-through free flap). Anterior tibial perforator sewn to the distal end of the peroneal artery, microvascular anastomosis for flow-through free flap performed in the leg (short arrow). Vasculature of fibula anastomosed to the right facial artery, the external jugular vein, and a large common facial vein (long arrow).


Inset of fibular flow-through free flap. Reconstruction of composite defect. Blue stitch located at the site of anterior tibial perforator.


Lactophenol Cotton Blue mount of slide culture showing funnel shaped sporangia and sporangiospores of Apophysomyces elegans.


Extensive anterior abdominal wall necrosis, blackened edge of the lesion.


Intraoral photograph after the bite opening with orthodontic appliance.


Intra-operative photograph of surgical technique;. After flap reflection.


After bone splitting, and ,bone fill.


After suturing.


Posttreatment photograph of the patient;. After 1 week.


After 2 weeks frontal, and ,maxillary occlusal view.


With prosthesis.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (a,b) The patient showed distal tremors, hypertonia, trunk hyperextension, spasticity, microcephaly, craniofacial disproportion, and a decreased vertical skull size.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (c) Multiple dimples and arthrogryposis.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (d) Feet contractures and prominent calcaneus.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (e) Clenched fists, hand contractures, and camptodactyly.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (f) Strabismus.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (g) Excess skin over the entire scalp and forehead and occipital and nuchal skin folds, generating the appearance of a short neck.


Representation of the patient phenotype. (h) Sloping of the forehead and prominence of supraorbital ridges, which creates an appearance of proptosis and oversized facial features, epicanthal folds, and retrognathia. Bilateral depressions were present on the forehead.


CECT showing the heterogeneously enhancing mass arising from the pancreas.


Operative and postoperative image.


Specimen with tumour and spleen.


Hematoxylin and eosin staining.


S100 staining.


PET scan.


Gangrenous digits of the patient.


Ulcerated jugulodigastric node.


Histological specimen of jugulodigastric lymph node. Notes: (A) Biopsy from the ulcerated jugulodigastric node showing spindle cell carcinoma.


Histological specimen of jugulodigastric lymph node. (B) Cytology smear from the ulcerated jugulodigastric node showing spindle cell carcinoma.


Lymphangitis carcinomatosis involving the right lobe and mediastinal adenopathy.


Computed tomography scan of abdomen.


Pathology demonstrating small bowel inflammation.


Pathology demonstrating ulceration of the small bowel.


Imprint from bone marrow biopsy. Giemsa stain. x1,000.


Bone marrow trephine biopsy. A; Intertrabecular space completely filled by angiosarcoma. The lesion shows multiple anastomosing vascular channels (HE. X100).


Bone marrow trephine biopsy. B; Vascular spaces lined by endothelial cells with mild to moderate atypia, surrounded by spindled neoplastic cells (HE. X400).


Immunohistochemical staining of the bone marrow biopsy. A CD31 positivity in neoplastic cells (x400). B; Factor VIII positivity in neoplastic cells (x400).


Confirmation of novel IL-10RA variants. (A) c.395T>G variant (red arrow) confirmed by Sanger sequencing.