Confirmation of novel IL-10RA variants. (B) Validation of the ex.1del (p. ?) variant by quantitative PCR. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood from the patient, her parents and healthy controls. Reactions were set up using one set of primers upstream and downstream of exon 1 in triplicate. The beta-actin gene served as a reference gene. The 2-DeltaDeltaCT method was used to calculate the copy number. Samples with normalized ratios (NRs) <0.1 denote individuals with homozygous deletion, samples with NRs of about 0.5 denote individuals with heterozygous deletion, sample with NRs of ~1 denote healthy individuals (two copies), and samples with NRs of ~1.5 or more denote individuals with copy number gain.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. Sagittal.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. Transversal. T2-weighted brain MRI indicates gliotic neurodegeneration in the medulla oblongata with predominant loss of pyramidal tracts.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. Magnification of inlay (c) uncovers pathologic brain stem formation reminiscent of 'kissing swans.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. D; Transversal T1-weighted sectioning of the brain stem (arrow) after Gadolinium administration. No contrast enhancement is detectable.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. E; Sagittal T2-weighted cervical spine MRI shows atrophy of the upper cervical spinal cord in addition to medulla oblongata atrophy.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. F; Transversal T2-weighted brain MRI indicates putative periventricular rim-sign and global brain atrophy.


Brain stem degeneration presents in brain MRI. G; Brain MRI-angiography reveals normal intracranial vascular status without indication of stenosis.


CT of abdomen and pelvis. Multiple bilateral renal stones measuring between 1 and 4 mm. Bilateral pelvocaliectasis. No discrete renal lesions although renal fungal ball cannot be excluded.


Renal ultrasonography. Seven millimeter, left sided interpolar nonshadowing hyperechoic foci in the renal collecting system.


Liquid-based cytology smear shows an uncoiled, eosinophilic, shrunken, thin organism in a background of superficial and intermediate cells (pap, x40).


Peripheral blood smear showing the presence of a microfilaria which appeared as coiled basophilic thick organism with nuclei (pap, x100).


Liquid-based cytology smear shows an eosinophilic, shrunken, thin elongated organism in a background of superficial and intermediate cells (pap, x40).


Liquid-based cytology on higher magnification revealing nuclei not extending up to the tail (pap, x100).


Multiparametric flow cytometry shows two distinct clones (CD19pos and CD19neg) of cells both of which are positive for CD45, CD22, CD10, CD25, CD103, CD11c, CD123 and surface Igkappa in similar intensities. The plasma cells do not show clonal restriction.


Clinical course of a patient.


White membrane adherent to the pharynx noted on oropharyngeal examination on presentation in a 14-month-old incompletely vaccinated infant with respiratory distress.


Chest computed tomography (CT) showed multiple space-occupying lesions. The arrows indicate the lesions.


Clinical photograph showing close-up view of skin abscess on the volar aspect of the patient's right wrist.


Photograph of skin abscess surrounded by skin erythema taken 2 days later.


Photograph of completely healed wrist wound taken 2 months later.


The CT scan of this patient showed lung metastases from synovial sarcoma at the baseline in February 2015 (A).


At the first radiological evaluation in April 2015 there was a partial response (B).


The patient was on drug holiday from June 2016 to April 2018 when the same lesion started to grow again (C).


It then showed a good response to Trabectedin re-challenge in July 2018 (D).


Lung metastases from uterine leiomyosarcoma right before starting Trabectedin in November 2015.


Showing an almost complete response after treatment in February 2016 Systemic therapy was then suspended for a drug holiday.


During this period the lesion began to grow again in December 2017 (C).


However, in March 2018 after Trabectedin re-challenge a new partial response was observed (D).


This patient showed hypervascular liver metastases from retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma at the baseline CT scan in April 2015 (A).


The lesions were reduced in both size and vascularisation after treatment with Trabectedin, which was stopped in December 2016 (B) for a drug holiday.


This patient experienced in June 2016 disease progression with multiple peritoneal lesions at MRI (A) after being treated with Trabectedin and surgery.


However, Trabectedin showed to be effective again, achieving a partial response in February 2018 (B).


Clinical findings and MRI images. (A) A reddish mass of 4-mm diameter is seen under the nail plate (area surrounded by the triangle mark). Distal nail splitting is observed in the left thumb.


Clinical findings and MRI images. (B) T1-weighed magnetic resonance image shows tumor with normal intensity.


Clinical findings and MRI images. (C) T2-weighed magnetic resonance image shows high-intensity lesion. Flow void is indicated by an arrow. MRI: magnetic resonance imaging.


Surgical findings. (A) A reddish mass is seen under the nail plate. The excision line after the nail claw is indicated in blue.


Surgical findings. (B) After excision, skin grafting was performed from the thenar eminence.


Histopathological findings. (A) A loupe image. An incompletely encapsulated tumor.


Histopathological findings. (B) A middle-power view. The tumor is composed of fine collagen fibers pointed in every direction.


Histopathological findings. (C) A high-power view. Nuclei of the proliferating cells are spindle- or comma-shaped. Among the tumor cells, capillaries and a small number of mast cells are dispersed (indicated by arrows).


Histopathological findings. (D) Appearance of new thumb nail six months postoperatively. This observation is natural.


A; Oral ulcer contained and surrounded by polymorphonuclear cells and confined cell debris; outside this zone and extending diffusely throughout the lamina propria, a large number of infiltrating lymphocytes and macrophage-like cells were seen (x40).


B; Inflammatory cell infiltrate (CD8+ stained; antibody CONFIRM anti-CD8, SP57) associated with oral mucosa ulceration (x10).


A; G banded karyogram was completed in 1997. The unidentified SMC is indicated by the arrow. Karyotype: 47,XY,+r /46,XY.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from first clinic encounter. Sagittal T1 postcontrast image, showing prepontine cystic lesion (red arrow).


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from first clinic encounter. Axial T1 postcontrast image.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from first clinic encounter. Axial T2 image.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from follow-up after 3 months. Sagittal T1 postcontrast image showing decrease in size of cyst (red arrow).


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from follow-up after 3 months. Axial T1 postcontrast image.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from follow-up after 3 months. Axial T2 image.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from most recent follow-up. Sagittal T1 postcontrast image, note the normal contour of brainstem.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from most recent follow-up. Axial T1 postcontrast image.


Magnetic resonance imaging scans from most recent follow-up. Axial T2 image.


Testicle without fixation, extensively infiltrated by cream-colored neoplasia (*) and with areas of necrosis.


Immunohistochemical analysis showing a positive reaction for myeloperoxidase, labeling the neoplastic cells (brown) with preservation of the seminiferous duct (negative) on the right side of the image (magnification 400X).


Electron microscopic findings at the first renal biopsy. Several microspheres are shown in the GBM of a capillary loop (arrowheads).


Visual field tests using a Goldmann perimeter. . Notes: (A) Central and paracentral scotomas were observed in the left eye at the initial ocular examination.


Visual field tests using a Goldmann perimeter. (B) Regression of visual field defect was observed in the left eye at 2-month follow-up after pulse steroid therapy.


(a) Computed tomography revealing diffuse subarachnoid hemorrhage.


(b) 3D-reconstruction of digital subtraction revealing a broad base small aneurysm of the basilar tip.


(c) Digital subtraction angiography revealing quite high basilar tip in relation to the dorsum sella.


(d) Postoperative digital subtraction angiography revealing the total obliteration of the aneurysm.


Preoperative computed tomography-angiography.


Digital subtraction angiography. Revealing right posterior communicating artery-posterior cerebral artery and left P1 segment aneurysms.


Postoperative intravenous-digital subtraction angiography (c, d) revealing the total obliteration of the aneurysm with presentation of the P1 perforating branch.


Cycle threshold value of SARS-CoV-2. Blue: Nasopharyngeal swab. Red: Sputum.


mNGS detection and anti HHV-1 therapy. Acyclovir: 0.5 g intravenous every 8 h from Day 19 to Day 35.


A and b, H&E stained pictures showing parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium overlying the connective tissue components and clusters of eosinophilic toto bodies in the upper spinous cell layer (10x).


H&E picture showing the presence of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium showing areas of eosinophilic Toto bodies (10x).


H&E-stained picture showing hyperplastic epithelium and superficially confined Toto bodies with few focal areas showing a break in the continuity of the basement membrane (black arrow). Subepithelial connective tissue is composed of severe inflammatory cell response mainly composed of lymphocytes and plasma cells (4x).


H&E-stained picture showing that the deeper connective tissue is composed of moderately differentiated epithelial cell population arranged in the form of sheets and cords and presenting dysplastic epithelial cells with nuclear and cellular pleomorphism (black arrow) and nuclear hyperchromatism (arrowhead) (20x).


(a) MRI brain with contrast demonstrated 4.7 cm multiloculated rim enhancing cystic lesion with additional smaller projections invading the right frontal lobe with associated vasogenic edema and midline shift.


(b) MRI brain with contrast demonstrating resection of right frontal mass with expected postoperative changes.


(c) MRI brain with contrast demonstrating enhancing foci within left frontal lobe adjacent to prior surgical cavity.


(d) MRI brain with contrast demonstrating resection of left frontal foci with expected postoperative changes.


MRI with contrast.


MRI T2WI.


Medical image.


ADC. MRI Head demonstrating right frontoparietal subdural collection with associated vasogenic edema and restriction on DWI and ADC maps.


(a) MRI T1W with contrast four-weeks post-surgical evacuation of subdural collection and initiation of platinum-based chemotherapy demonstrating marked improvement.


(b) MRI T1W with contrast eight-weeks following initiation platinum-based chemotherapy demonstrating marked progression of invasive tumor in the right parietal and posterior frontal lobes, extensive vasogenic edema extending to the atrium of the right lateral ventricle and midline shift.


Exophytic growth in relation to 42, 43, 44, and 45.


Multilocular radiolucency with many radiopaque spots of driven snow appearance.


Computed tomography reconstructed image of the lesion.


Epithelial cells with prominent intercellular bridge and amyloid-like material.


Leisegang ring calcifications and amyloid-like material in connective tissue stroma.


Fused coronal PET-CT image of our patient before the axillary lymph node biopsy shows a lobulated FDG-avid mass (star) in the right axilla, which represents the patient's known axillary invasive ductal carcinoma. An adjacent small FDG-avid round structure (arrow) was suspicious for metastatic axillary lymphadenopathy.


A; Abdominal CT shows marked dilation of the transverse and descending colon with localized high-density areas.


B; Barium enema examination shows irregular mucosal contours and barium flecks in the transverse and descending colon.


Response to treatment in Case 1. Calcium levels in relationship to denosumab administration, and ,PRRT cycles in case 1.


Response to treatment in Case 1. Anterior view of 177Lu-LUTATHERA scintigraphy after I, II, and ,IV cycles of PRRT.


Response to treatment in Case 1. Posterior view of 177Lu-LUTATHERA scintigraphy after I, II, and IV cycles of PRRT.


Histopathology findings.


Maximum intensity projection image 18F-FDG PET-CT shows multiple distant metastasis in the lung, liver and bones. . Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; PET, positron emission tomography; dm, mean decimeter.


Cutaneous nodule.


Diffuse esophageal ulceration.


Fine needle aspiration cytology from cutaneous lesion.


Specimen of spleen with a cyst measuring 8 cm x 8 cm, with cyst wall showing trabeculations.


Intra-operative visualisation of the diverticulum and gangrenous perforation of the diverticulum with impending obstructive symptoms. Blue arrow indicates the visualization of gastric mucosa in MD on a Meckel's scan ; green arrow indicates the CT observation of MD; yellow arrow indicates the post-operative specimen of MD with the distal gangrenous perforation.


Initial CT head showed subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) present in the frontal horn of the left lateral ventricle, third ventricle and fourth ventricle, and the foramen magnum; yellow arrows indicate blood component in the scans.


A diagram of timeline for this case.


A) Demonstrates conglomerate of para-aortic retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy at diagnosis of primitive neuroectodermal tumor. Patient went on to receive cheomtherapy with VAC/IE.


B) Demonstrates parital response to chemotherapy prior to potentially curative surgical resection.


Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (Case 1) consisting of a large confluent aggregate of immature neuroepithelium that forms tubules lined by stratified cells (inset picture) was identified in the orchiectomy sample.


Clinical course of the patient (schematic). BDG, (1,3)-b-D-glucan; PCT, procalcitonin; CRP, c-reactive protein; CT, computed tomography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; MRA, magnetic resonance angiography; VRC, voriconazole; IPI, Imipenem; VAN, Vancomycin; TEC, teicoplanin; AmBL, liposome-associated amphotericin B; mNGS, metagenomics next-generation sequencing; PB, peripheral blood; CSF, cerebral spinal fluid; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.


Daily course of the patient's treatment. Horizontal thick blue lines show the medications administered; VRC, voriconazole; AmBL, Liposome-associated amphotericin B; TZP, piperacillin-tazobactanm; IPI, Imipenem; PCT, procalcitonin; CRP, C-reactive protein.


Frontal view of patient showing dark brown papules having linear distribution, limited on the right side of the face.


Intraoral photograph showing desquamative gingivitis and enamel hypoplasia in relation to 13 and 42.


Radiograph of the lumbar spine showing mild scoliosis with congenital Schmorl's node at D-12,. 3,. . 4,. . 5 (red arrow), and spina bifida (yellow arrow).


Retinography of the LE showing multiple, round and yellowish lesions in the macula and nasal to the optic nerve (left).


OCT with detachment of the neuroepithelium and a slight RPE detachment.


FA revealing hyperfluorescent lesions. At presentation.


Retinography of the LE performed 1 year later, revealing a chorioretinal scar.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. A) Bilateral areas of ecchymosis were observed in the cervico-maxillary region.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. B) Necrotic areas in the cervical, frontal, temporal and occipital regions.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. C) Infected area with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. D) Once the infection was controlled after multiple surgical lavages and debridation, broad spectrum antibiotics, VAC and hyperbaric oxygen the skin grafts were placed.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. E) The patient was discharged from the hospital.


Patient with Crouzon Syndrome, with cranio-cervico-facial involvement after a surgical procedure of cervicofacial advancement whit septic shock and acute and chronic osteomyelitis. F) Bone scintigraphy. - the bone scan images showed abnormal increased uptake of 111In in the right temporal region.


HTT (superior) juxtaposed with uninvolved thyroid parenchyma (inferior) with intervening fibrous capsule (H&E, 200X).


(A) Clinical observations according to the canine inflammatory bowel disease activity index score. A score of 3 or less was considered normal. * indicates the date of each fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) procedure conducted. Of note, the patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) achieved a normal score from day 42 of FMT throughout the remainder of the observation period.


(B) Clinical observations according to the WalthamTM Feces Scoring System. A score of 3.5 or less was considered normal. *indicates the date of each FMT procedure conducted. Of note, the patient with IBD achieved a normal score from day 42 throughout the remainder of the observation period.


Patch of woolly hair over the vertex.


Linear epidermal nevus over chin.


Light microscopy showing twisting and breakage of hair.


Trichoscopy showing irregularity of hair shaft.


Black arrow showing tumor cells with cytoplasmic PSA positivity (x 100).


T2 sagittal MRI of the thoracic spine showing both fractures.


T2 sagittal and coronal magnetic resonance imaging just above the T3-T4 levels on top of conus.


Microphotograph showing closely placed small capillary sized vascular channels along with a few dilated ones x200. Note the prominent endothelial cells and fibrin thrombus (*).


CD31 immunohistochemistry highlighting the endothelial cell line capillary channels (x200).


Preoperative contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan, axial arterial phase. The images reveal a low-density mass (red arrow head) measuring about 8.2 x 7.6 cm in diameter and prominently involving the uncinate process of the pancreas. The pancreatic head and neck are displaced and splayed around the anterior aspect of the tumor, certainly abutting the superior mesenteric artery (SMA; red arrow).


Histopathological photomicrographs of a solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT). The image shows that the small round cells arranged and formed into nests, pseudopapillae, and microcysts. Note the tumor cells are traversed by a delicate vascular network. (Hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification, x20).


(A, B) Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scan on postoperative day 1. A = axial. B = coronal. The images reveal an intraluminal thrombus (red arrow) in the proximal SMA ~1.5 cm from its aortic origin, causing near complete occlusion of the SMA.


Clinical course. beta-hCG = human beta subunit of chorionic gonadotropin; Cre = creatinine; im = intramuscular injection; MTX = methotrexate; PSL = prednisolone; RB = renal biopsy; UP = urinary protein.


Light microscopy of initial renal biopsy specimens shows thickening of the glomerular capillary walls, thrombus-like structures within the glomerular capillary lumina, and a double-contour appearance along the glomerular capillary walls. Masson's trichrome stain x 400.


Light microscopy of initial renal biopsy specimens shows thickening of the glomerular capillary walls, thrombus-like structures within the glomerular capillary lumina, and a double-contour appearance along the glomerular capillary walls. Periodic acid-methenamine-silver stain x 400).


C: Immunofluorescence microscopy shows positive staining for IgM along the glomerular capillary walls.


D: Electron microscopy shows the expansion of the glomerular subendothelial space with electron-dense aggregates.


Light microscopy of follow-up renal biopsy specimens shows normal glomerular structures. Masson's trichrome stain x 400.


Light microscopy of follow-up renal biopsy specimens shows normal glomerular structures. Periodic acid-methenamine-silver stain x 400).


GCTTS presenting in a young child. (A) Presence of a soft tissue mass along the third digit of left hand.


GCTTS presenting in a young child. (B) Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining of resected finger mass consistent with a diagnosis of GCTTS. Arrowheads indicate multinucleated giant cells.


CT scan of right lower extremity. . Extensive air is shown tracking superiorly within the anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh (notated by white arrows).


Intra-operative photo of right lower extremity. . Taken during initial AKA revision and soft tissue debridement for extensive necrotizing infection.


Right lower extremity wound. . Integra graft over viable muscle of anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments of right thigh. Photo taken post-operative day #19 after AKA revision procedure.


(a) Positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan showing fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in distal ileum, (b) ileal biopsy showing confluent granulomas with epithelioid cells and multinucleated Langhans giant cells (H and E, x20), (c) Ziehl-Neelsen stain of the ileal tissue showing acid-fast bacilli.


(a) Orthopantomograph showing multilocular radiolucency in the mandibular body-ramus area on the left side.


(b) Cone beam computed tomography image showing buccal expansion due to the lesion.


(a) Photomicrograph demonstrating follicles of ameloblastoma in mature fibrous stroma (H&E, x10).


(b) Foreign body and associated granulomas (H&E, x10).


(c) Multinucleated giant cells phagocytosing hyaline ring-like foreign particles (H&E, x40).


(d) The foreign body demonstrating periodic acid-Schiff positivity (periodic acid-Schiff, x10).


(a) Foreign body showing peripheral smaller rectangular cells (demonstrated by arrowhead) and arrow pointing larger more angular cells in the center enclosing amorphous eosinophilic material (H&E, x40).


(b) Processed pulse showing structure similar to the foreign body (H&E, x40).


Microscopic: sections show dense spindle cell proliferation with storiform growth pattern associated with patchy infiltration of lymphoplasma cells.


Positive reaction of tumor cells with SMA.


A single, dome-shaped, swelling is seen at the left index figure without significant changes of the overlying skin. Tumor nodule measures 2.0 x 2.3 cm in size.


Electron microscopy of liver biopsy. (A) Hepatocytes are irregular in shape and size, and the nucleus is eccentric (3,000 x, scale bar: 10 mum).


Electron microscopy of liver biopsy. (B) Part of the capillary bile duct is dilated; a large number of microvillous and lysosomes are visible (9,000 x, scale bar: 5 mum).


Electron microscopy of liver biopsy. (C) Hyperplasia of collagen fibers can be seen in liver cells, with cross-sections (*). The picture also presents with an increased number of mitochondria with abnormal morphology ( ) and an increased density of rough endoplasmic reticulum ( ) (9,000 x, scale bar: 5 mum).


Optic pathway gliomas and computed tomography of Case 1.


Intraoperative photograph with excised lesion and histopathological photographs of Case 1.


Optic pathway gliomas and computed tomography of Case 2.


Intraoperative photograph with excised lesion and histopathological photographs of Case 2.


Nests of monomorphic cuboidal poroid cells with prominent nucleoli (hematoxylin & eosin stain).


Eccrine porocarcinoma composed of basaloid cells with focal infiltration into the dermis (hematoxylin & eosin stain).


Low-power photomicrograph depicting granular layer with associated keratinization consistent with epidermoid-infundibular cyst. HE staining.


Medium-power view showing atypical squamous epithelium with focal infiltration and associated stromal response. HE staining.


Medium-power view demonstrating keratinizing tumor cells with mitotic figure. HE staining.


Array-CGH profile of the patient showing a 2.8 Mb loss at 15q26.3 and 496 kb gain at 15q26.3 ie arr[GRCh37] 15q26.3(99550797_102429040)x1,15q26.3(99049746_99546177)x3.


Specimen radiographic appearance of the jaw eliciting the multilocular radiolucency with root resorption postero-anteriorly.


Radiographic appearance of the jaw eliciting the multilocular radiolucency with root resorption.


The microscopic appearance exhibiting fibrous connective tissue exhibiting numerous odontogenic epithelial islands with peripheral tall columnar cells showing reversal of polarity. The center of the island shows stellate reticulum like cells which is replaced by granular cells (inset) (under x10 magnification).


The microscopic appearance shows central stellate cells replaced by large eosinophilic rounded or polyhedral granular cells (under x10 magnification).


The microscopic appearance of granular cell (under x40 magnification).


Coronal.


Sagittal. CT images showing a loculated cystic lesion in the tail of the pancreas closely involving the spleen.


Three biopsy pathological diagnosis results of the patient.


Chest CT scan evolution of the tumors.


Pedigree analysis: Pedigree analysis of the proband up to the previous three generations. White symbol (square or circle) - a healthy person, white symbol (square or circle stroked through diagonally) - death of that individual, triangle - miscarriage, white symbol (blue colored and stroked diagonally) - proband.


Preoperative clinical presentation of the lesion.


Proliferating keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium into underlying connective tissue (4x).


Islands of odontogenic epithelium within a cellular fibrous stroma (10x).


Islands of odontogenic epithelium within a cellular fibrous stroma (40x).


Postoperative view.


Hip, thigh, and lower calf MRIs of the proband (II-3) with PRX mutation. A: Coronal scan of lower limbs. T1-weighted images demonstrated no definite fatty or atrophic changes in hip and thigh muscles.


Hip, thigh, and lower calf MRIs of the proband (II-3) with PRX mutation. B-E: Axial scans of lower limbs. B and C: At the thigh levels, MR images were normal.


Hip, thigh, and lower calf MRIs of the proband (II-3) with PRX mutation. B-E: Axial scans of lower limbs. D and E: On the lower calf levels, we found mild fatty changes in distal peronei muscles (arrows), but, the tibialis anterior and soleus muscles were not involved.


Preoperative magnetic resonance images. Axial unenhanced T2 weighted magnetic resonance imaging showing right-sided lesion (white arrow) and hyperdense areas which extends to the left cerebellum (hemorrhage) and there is no edema round the lesion.


(b) Axial postcontrast T1 image, showing bilateral vermian lesions in which the right-sided mass is enhancing gadolinium peripherally.


(c) Postcontrast sagittal image, demonstrating partly attachment of the mass to the tentorium.


(d) Postcontrast coronal image demonstrates bilateral lesions close to the tentorium in mixt intensity.


(a-d) Intraoperative images. (a) Initial surgical view of the tumor, originating from the tentorium (white arrow) after retraction of cerebellum inferiorly.


(a-d) Intraoperative images. (b) Bipolar coagulation of the tumor feeders and detachment of the tumor from the tentorium.


(a-d) Intraoperative images. (c) Surgical view of the tumor (white arrow) after total detachment.


(a-d) Intraoperative images. (d) Removal of the tumor in a single piece (white arrow) fashion.


(a-c) Postoperative magnetic resonance images demonstrating no residual tumor. (a) Axial enhanced T1 imaging.


(a-c) Postoperative magnetic resonance images demonstrating no residual tumor. (b) Sagittal enhanced T1 imaging.


(a-c) Postoperative magnetic resonance images demonstrating no residual tumor. (c) Coronal T2 imaging.


CECT of brain showing right parietal parasagittal metastatic tumor.


MRI of cervico-dorsal spine demonstrating C6-D2 spinal tumor with dumbbell like extension into upper thorax.


MRI axial images demonstrating spinal tumor at D-1 extending outside.


Histopathology showing densely cellular tumor arranged in sheets, and ,lobules with minimal intervening stroma.


Immunohistochemistry showing membranous positivity for CD99.


Post-operative CECT brain at nine months after surgery showing no evidence of tumor.


Axial view magnetic resonance images show a mass at the T11 and T12 level, pushing the conus medullaris superiorly and to the right.


Intraoperative picture, post-laminectomy at T11 and T12 level.


Intraoperative picture, the tumor was excised along with the involved nerve root.


Sagittal view magnetic resonance images showing an intramedullary mass adjacent to the conus medullaris at T11 and T12 level.


Axial view magnetic resonance images show a mass at the T11 and T12 level, abutting on the conus medullaris.


Intraoperative picture post-laminectomy of T11 and T12 reveals the mass.


Intraoperative picture, the mass was completely removed without having to sacrifice the nerve root.


Sagittal view magnetic resonance image reveals an intradural mass at T11 level.


Axial view magnetic resonance image shows a well-defined intradural extramedullary mass at T11 level, compressing the conus medullaris.


Intraoperative picture post-laminectomy T10 and T11 reveals the mass.


Intraoperative picture, the mass was completely without sacrificing the affected nerve root.


Skin manifestation after bagatelle injury on day 11 after admission.


Intraoperative appearance after initial radical debridement on day 11 after admission.


Areactive necrosis of subcutaneous fat and fascia without detection of bacteria (H&E, 200x).


Diagram of the course of disease.


Photograph of patient on postembolization day 4, demonstrating hyperpigmented plaque on her left nasal ala and cheek with surrounding erythema.


Case 1. 58-year-old male with difficulty in swallowing was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of right tonsil. A) Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) image shows tonsillar SCC infiltration in both lobes of the thyroid gland (arrows).


Case 1. 58-year-old male with difficulty in swallowing was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of right tonsil. B) Axial CT image for attenuation correction and anatomic localization.


Case 1. 58-year-old male with difficulty in swallowing was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of right tonsil. C) Axial PET image shows diffuse tracer uptake in both lobes of the thyroid gland (arrows).


Case 1. 58-year-old male with difficulty in swallowing was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of right tonsil. D) Axial PET/CT fusion image reveals SUVmax of the right and left thyroid lobes was 7.5 and 5.9, respectively (arrows).


Case 2. 66-year-old male complaining of a mass in the neck was diagnosed with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma. A) Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) image shows supraglottic SCC metastasis in both lobes of the thyroid gland (arrows).


Case 2. 66-year-old male complaining of a mass in the neck was diagnosed with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma. B) CT image for attenuation correction and anatomic localization.


Case 2. 66-year-old male complaining of a mass in the neck was diagnosed with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma. C) Axial PET image shows intense metabolic activity in both lobes (arrows).


Case 2. 66-year-old male complaining of a mass in the neck was diagnosed with supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma. D) Axial PET/CT fusion image reveals SUVmax of the right thyroid lobe was 20.3 and SUVmax of the left lobe was 7 (arrows).


Left: Preoperative abdominal CT. Solid hepatic lesion at segments VI and VII (arrows) and calcified lesion at the tail of the pancreas (circle). Right: Postoperative abdominal CT. Subcapsular hepatic fluid collection without recurrence of the HCC (circle). . Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.


Left: Intraoperative photo. Microwave tissue coagulator marking the margins for hepatic segmentectomy. Right: Gross specimen photo. Hepatic segments VI and VII containing the HCC. . Abbreviation: HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma.


The intraoperative photographs and schematic renderings show details of the operation. . Notes:. A sizable segment of IVC around the lesion was freed, and ,detached, where two Satinsky's clamps were placed at the proximal part to occlude the IVC without affecting the left renal vein.


The intraoperative photographs and schematic renderings show details of the operation. The granuloma (blue arrow) was exposed and detached from posterior tissue after the proximal IVC segment was ligated, cut off, and stretched caudally.


The intraoperative photographs and schematic renderings show details of the operation. (C and D) The sketch illustrations explain the key steps straightforward. (C) The granuloma was attached posterior to the IVC (arrow).


The intraoperative photographs and schematic renderings show details of the operation. (C and D) The sketch illustrations explain the key steps straightforward. (D) The IVC was ligated and sutured after the granuloma was removed (arrow). . Abbreviation: IVC, inferior vena cava.


The photographs and microscopic pathological presentation of the surgical specimen. . Notes:. Grossly, the granuloma sized 2.6x3 cm is covered by a fragment of inferior vena cava.


The photographs and microscopic pathological presentation of the surgical specimen. The arrowheads indicate the surgical suture.


The photographs and microscopic pathological presentation of the surgical specimen. Numerous epithelioid histiocytes, multinucleated giant cells, and the amorphous necrotic fat are present.


Anterioposterior digital subtraction angiogram of the celiac artery: (a) early arterial phase shows arterial feeders which supply the hypervascular tumor.


(b) Mid-arterial phase, revealing marked coarse neovascularity and significant arterio-venous shunting, as demonstrated by early visualization of the left and right portal veins (arrows), typical for hepatocellular carcinoma.


(c) Late arterial phase, tumor blush and delayed contrast washout with persistent opacification of the portal system (arrows).


Computed tomography angiogram, axial and coronal images (a and b) indicating the site of the hepatocellular carcinoma in segments 7/8 (arrows).


Corresponding axial and coronal SPECT/ CT images (c and d). Note only minimal accumulation of MAA in segment 7/8 tumor, while more intense tracer uptake is noted in the surrounding normal hepatic parenchyma.


Pre-operative.


Excised tissue.


Post-operative.


Pre-operative (lateral view).


After excision.


Periodontal dressing.


Histopathologic slide.


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and CT findings in NEC (A,B). (A) A large ulcerated mass was found in the esophagogastric junction.


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and CT findings in NEC (A,B). (B) CT imaging reveals para-aortic lymph node swelling (yellow arrow).


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and CT findings in SCC (C,D). (C) A tiny, red-colored mucosal area in the center of the cicatrized lesion (white arrow).


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy and CT findings in SCC (C,D). (D) CT imaging shows no distant metastasis after the chemotherapy for NEC.


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. (E) Macroscopic findings for the resected specimen. No other regional/distant metastasis can be seen in the resected specimen.


Clinical presentation of NEC and SCC. (F) An ulcerated mass at the esophagogastric junction can be observed in the resected specimen (white arrow). NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; CT, computed tomography.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy (NEC;. E staining.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy (NEC;. Synaptophysin.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy (NEC;. CD56.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy (NEC;. MIB-1.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. Hematoxylin and eosin, and immunohistochemical staining of the biopsy (NEC;. P53. NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; H-E, hematoxylin and eosin.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. And surgically resected specimen (SCC.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. And surgically resected specimen (SCC;. Synaptophysin.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. And surgically resected specimen (SCC;. CD56. NEC, neuroendocrine carcinoma; SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; H-E, hematoxylin and eosin.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. And surgically resected specimen (SCC;. P53.


Histological evaluation of NEC and SCC. CK5/6. Scale bars; 50 mum.


Transverse view on CT of the bilateral iliopsoas abscesses.


CT demonstrated Sagittal View of Abdomen and Pelvis demonstrating gas locules in Right Iliopsoas Region.


>50% occlusive right internal jugular vein thrombus on ultrasonography.


CECT showing eccentric thickening of gall bladder wall.


MRCP showing dilated bile duct with multiple sites of narrowing.


Smear shows cluster of malignant cells displaying round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei, condensed chromatin, prominent nucleoli, and moderate amount of cytoplasm (MGG, x40 magnification).


Side viewing endoscopy showing ampullary growth.


Metal stent in the bile duct.


Gadolinium-enhanced T1 MRI shows left medullary enhancement (arrow.


As extensive nodular circumferential leptomeningeal enhancement (arrows.


Findings correlate with axial T2 FLAIR images also showing lateral brainstem hyperintensity (arrows.


As well as a patchy involvement of the bilateral midbrain (arrows,. And the pituitary infundibulum (arrowhead.


Intraoperative photograph shows the direct swab of a mycotic-appearing mass which resulted in negative smear and culture. Also seen are a number of small colonies (arrowheads), one of which resulted in the positive identification of blastomyces dermatitidis on culture.


Nontender subungual, nodular lesion in the right toe.


After excision of the lesion.


Immunohistochemical (IHC) study; low power view of neoplastic spindle cells which show IHC positive staining with vimentin.


Focal reaction with smooth muscle actin.


Negative reaction with CD34.


Positive staining pattern with CD99 (IHC x40).


MRI or CT scan images of the patient. Indicated partial enhancement of pia mater in brain enhanced MRI.


MRI or CT scan images of the patient. Revealed an area of abnormal attenuation measuring 67 mm x 62 mm in the right lobe of the liver, indicative of a single large multi-loculated abscess in abdominal enhanced CT.


MRI or CT scan images of the patient. Displayed the abscess reduced to 51 mm x 37 mm 3 days after emergency CT-guided percutaneous drainage of the liver abscess in abdominal plain CT.


MRI or CT scan images of the patient. Showed no lesions in liver in the reexamination of abdominal CT after full recovery.


Swelling on left side of face extending from zygomatic arch to lower border of mandible superoinferiorly. Swelling was covering the whole ramus of the mandible anteroposteriorly.


Intraoral examination shows obliteration of buccal sulcus and displacement of first and second deciduous molar and first permanent molar.


Cytological smears show spindle-shaped stroma with giant cells (40x).


Postoperative follow-up after two months.


Extraoral. Intraoral.


Computed tomography of neck; lymphadenomegalies in various dimensions.


Karyorrhectic debris and cellular infiltration of histiocytes and immunoblasts in the absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (hematoxylin and eosin stain x200).


Histiocytes and activated B-cells (hematoxylin and eosin stain x200).


(A) SS-OCT imaging confirms the diagnosis as the lesion can clearly be seen coming up from the sclera and compressing the overlying choroid and choriocapillaris. The lesion is inactive as there is no sign of yellow intraretinal exudation, localized subretinal fluid or focal retinal hemorrhages and the posterior border (arrows) of the lesion is well defined.


(B) Cross-sectional composite OCT angiogram. The lesion is avascular. Overlying choroidal vasculature is thinned. Flow signals are color coded: purple, choroid; red, neuroretina.


OCT angiography: resulted in fewer choriocapillaris flow voids (between arrows).


Computed tomography at the first presentation showing a 5-cm massive pulmonary tumor in the left upper lobe and multiple nodules in both lung fields. Mediastinal window.


Computed tomography at the first presentation showing a 5-cm massive pulmonary tumor in the left upper lobe and multiple nodules in both lung fields. Pulmonary window.


(A) Histological examination of lung biopsy specimens obtained from the left pulmonary mass revealing proliferation of polyhedral and spindle atypical cells.


(B) PD-L1 tumor proportion score was detected by Burning Rock Dx.


Chest CT images obtained after one course of chemotherapy.


Chest CT images obtained after 2 weeks.


6 weeks.


10 weeks. In a patient who received single camrelizumab (PD1 monoclonal antibody) treatment.


The expression of EGFR2 was detected by IHC before.


After. Apatinib treatment. (100x).


Macroscopic features of the colon at autopsy. The serosal membrane showed patchy fibrous thickening, and the intestinal wall was edematous.


Preoperative neuroradiological assessment. Computed tomography scan (a) demonstrating the presence of a densely calcified left temporal and insular lesion.


Preoperative neuroradiological assessment. FLAIR sequences of magnetic resonance (MR) scan confirmed the presence of the calcified tumor (b).


Preoperative neuroradiological assessment. Postoperative MR confirmed the complete resection of the lesion (c).


Large expansile tumor mass with thinned out cortex in the anterior end of fourth rib noted on computed tomography scan.


Clinical photograph of patient before treatment (left-side view).


Clinical photograph of patient 6 weeks after treatment.


Computerized tomography scans before and after immunotherapy in Case #1 Initial CT scan showing large left sided renal mass in April of 2019.


Compared to CT scan in March of 2020. Showing substantially decreased mass.


Representative pathologic images from Case #1 Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained slides at low-power.


High-power. Magnification showing extensive hyalinized fibrosis with scattered chronic inflammation and hemosiderin laden macrophages in the area of tumor regression.


The fibrosis extends into the adjacent fibroadipose tissue (C).


Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis and globally sclerosed glomeruli are present in the adjacent residual benign renal parenchyma (D).


Computerized tomography scans before and after immunotherapy in Case #2 Initial CT scan in July of 2018 showing large right renal mass.


Pulmonary metastases.


Compared to CT scan in December of 2019 showing substantially decreased mass.


Resolution of pulmonary metastases.


Representative pathologic images from Case #2 H&E stained slides at low-power.


High-power. Magnification showing a massive infiltration of chronic inflammatory cells and foamy macrophages in the area of tumor regression.


Areas of tumor regression also showed necrotizing granulomatous inflammation (C).


Chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, globally sclerosed glomeruli, and hemosiderin laden macrophages are present in the adjacent residual benign renal parenchyma (D).


Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging brain T2-weighted images.


(a and b) Postoperative computed tomography brain with contrast showing complete exision of lesion.


(a) Rhabdoid cells with vesicular nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and spherical cytoplasmic filamentous inclusions (H and E, x200). (b) Small hyperchromatic cells similar to PNET showing dense nuclei, dispersed chromatin, small to inconspicuous nucleoli, with scant cytoplasm and indistinct cell borders, arranged in a solid pattern (H and E).


(Buccal view): Buccal fistula.


(palatal view): Accentuated lingual pit of the right maxillary lateral incisor.


Intraoral periapical radiograph.


The gutta-percha cone inserted in oral fistula.


Fistulography.


Identification of the dens invaginatus invagination orifice.


Dens invaginatus with a rounded shape surrounded by vital pulp of maxillary lateral incisor.


Entrance of the dental root canal.


Seal of the peri-malformation space and of the canal tract of dental malformation.


Periapical radiography at the end of endodontic treatment.


Periapical radiography after 6 months of endodontic treatment.


Cervical gingivoplasty.


Lithium silicate ceramic veneers on 1.2 and a reductive odontoplasty of the right maxillary central incisor.


Mean fluorescence intensity values of untreated and acid-treated single antigen bead assay from a control sample.


Mean fluorescence intensity values of untreated and acid-treated single antigen bead assay from the test sample.


Gray-scale ultrasound image shows a well-circumscribed nodule.


Axial T1 -weighted MR image at the level of the nipple demonstrates a small, well circumscribed nodule lateral to left nipple of intermediate signal.


Dynamic, fat saturated magnetic resonance performed immediately after intravenous contrast administration at the same level as Figure 2 demonstrates avid enhancement of the lesion lateral to the left nipple.


Hematoxylin and Eosin stained tissue at x40 low power view shows hemangioma (black arrows) and breast ducts and lobules (gray arrows).


Hematoxylin and Eosin stained tissue at x400 high power view reveals abnormal vascular spaces in the hemangioma (arrows).


This is a dynamic enhancement curve mapping lesion enhancement with time following contrast administration. It shows rapid initial enhancement, a peak, minor washout and then a plateau formation. This is an intermediate type of curve - malignant lesions have the rapid enhancement but also tend to washout rapidly as well - ie there is steeper curve drop as compared to what is seen in this image.


Chest X-ray showing right-sided moderate effusion with thickening.


Medical thoracoscopy view, showing inflamed parietal pleura with few adhesions.


Microscopic view showing acute fibrinous exudate (H&E x 200).


Microscopic view revealing dense fibroblastic reaction characterized by fascicles of spindle cells mixed with fewer numbers of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and eosinophils associated with deposits of dense collagen (H&E x 200).


Axial CT scan of the abdomen in case 1 with intravenous contrast revealing a complex 2.3 cm pancreatic head lesion (arrow). CT, computed tomography.


H&E-stained sections of UCOGC. (A) Low-power view demonstrating a fairly well-circumscribed tumor nodule surrounded by a rim of desmoplastic stroma (arrow), which abuts adjacent benign pancreas. Hemorrhage is observed within the tumor (arrow), 20x.


H&E-stained sections of UCOGC. (B) Central hemorrhage and necrosis give the appearance of a condensation of hyperchromatic nuclei toward the periphery of the nodule, 100x.


H&E-stained sections of UCOGC. (C) Multiple mitotic figures, including one bizarre pentapolar mitosis (arrow), are observed within a background of multinucleated giant cells and microscopic hemorrhage. Malignant cells demonstrate marked nuclear pleomorphism and hyperchromasia, 200x.


H&E-stained sections of UCOGC. (D) High-power view demonstrating an additional atypical mitotic figure surrounded by multinucleated giant cells (arrows) with a dense cytoplasm. Over 20 distinct nuclei can be observed within a single cell, 400x. H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; UCOGC, undifferentiated carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells.


Axial CT scan of the abdomen in case 2 with intravenous contrast showing an ill-defined pancreatic head mass (arrow) that measures 3.6 x 3.6 cm. There is associated pancreatic ductal dilatation with abrupt cutoff at the level of the mass. The mass abuts the superior mesenteric vein and there is attenuation of the main portal vein and SMV at the confluence related to the mass. SMV, superior mesenteric vein.


H&E-stained sections demonstrating clear cell features. (A) Low-power view demonstrating irregular malignant glands with surrounding desmoplastic tumor stroma. The normal lobular architecture of the pancreas is lost, 5x.


H&E-stained sections demonstrating clear cell features. (B) Angulated malignant glands are lined by epithelial cells with hyperchromatic basal to central nuclei of varying sizes and variable amounts of foamy to clear cytoplasm (arrows). Single malignant cells are present within the stroma, 100x.


H&E-stained sections demonstrating clear cell features. (C) Malignant cells are seen invading between an arteriole (black arrow), a nerve (white arrow), and adjacent benign pancreas (asterisk), 100x.


H&E-stained sections demonstrating clear cell features. (D) Similar histopathologic findings are observed in metastatic tumor glands seen in the subcapsular sinus of a peripancreatic lymph node (arrow), 100x.


Plain radiograph of wrist showing lytic lesion in Capitate.


CT Scan wrist showing lytic lesion in Capitate.


Intra operative picture showing cavity in Capitate after extended curettage of the lesion.


Histopathalogical photomicrograph showing multinucleated giant cell (arrow).


1 year follow up radiograph showing no recurrence.


Frond-like structures with a vascular core making pseudopapillary pattern of growth Follicle-like spaces with variability in size and content, Distinct cytologic features; polygonal cells with clear cytoplasm and round to angulated nuclei with prominent 1-2 nucleoli.


Immunoreactivity with CD117, PLAP and CK AE1/AE3.


Noncontrast computed tomography scan of the chest showing a 2 cm round soft tissue mass with smooth regular margin in the left lower lobe.


Fibrotic stromal fragment with papillary features in a background of abundant blood (Papanicolaou stain, x100).


Fibrovascular fragment associated with round cells (Diff-Quik stain, x200).


Cohesive sheets of surface cells arranged in pavement-like fashion (Diff-Quik stain, x400).


Dense collagenous stromal tissue associated with bland appearing round cells (x200).


Both surface and round cells are positive for thyroid transcription factor-1 immunostain (x200).


AE1/AE3 immunoreactivity is present in the surface cells but not the round cells (x200).


Progesterone receptor immunoreactivity is present in the round cells but not the surface cells (x200).


Bosselated irregular non-tender skin colored swelling over the occipital region extending toward the nape of the neck.


Coronal view T1 DIXON FS post gadolinium, slice thickness 3 mm. Arrow: Cavernous sinus, Triangle: Pars cavernosa of the internal carotid artery. Initial MRI: Thrombosis of the cavernous sinus and involvement of the internal carotid artery with hyperemia of the vasa vasorum (A).


Coronal view T1 DIXON FS post gadolinium, slice thickness 3 mm. Arrow: Cavernous sinus, Triangle: Pars cavernosa of the internal carotid artery. MRI 7 days post-admission: Increasing inflammation of the internal carotid artery with further reduction in lumen size (B).


Coronal view T1 DIXON FS post gadolinium, slice thickness 3 mm. Arrow: Cavernous sinus, Triangle: Pars cavernosa of the internal carotid artery. MRI 14 days post-admission: Improvement of internal carotid artery involvement with a partial recovery in size (C).


Coronal view T1 DIXON FS post gadolinium, slice thickness 3 mm. Arrow: Cavernous sinus, Triangle: Pars cavernosa of the internal carotid artery. MRI 3 months post-admission: Complete recanalization of the left cavernous sinus and normal size of the left internal carotid artery (D).


Neuroradiological findings on presentation. Brain CT showing enlarged lateral ventricles with slit ventricle.


Neuroradiological findings on presentation.abdominal and pelvic CT demonstrating the course of the ventriculo-peritoneal shunt catheter (arrows) and the massive cerebrospinal pseudocyst surrounding the peritoneal end.


CT after insertion of the ventriculo-pleural shunt. Brain CT showing decreased lateral ventricle volume (a, b).


T1W Magnetic resonance imaging showing a predominantly isointense intramedullary tumor.


Sagittal.


Axial. Contrast enhanced Magnetic resonance imaging showing the homogenously enhancing intramedullary tumor with interspersed cystic/necrotic areas.


Microphotograph showing a highly cellular tumor, consisting mainly of small round to oval cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and remarkably scanty cytoplasm along with the presence of Homer-Wright pseudorosettes; the tumor cells being immunopositive for CD 99 (inset).


Photograph showing a nodular swelling over right lower eyelid.


Photomicrograph showing cellular smear with tumor cells arranged in groups as well as singly scattered (MGG, x100).


Pleomorphic tumor cells with vacuolated cytoplasm (MGG, x400).


An extensive erosive erythema with a red, easy-to-bleed nodule on the scrotum (a).


Atypical cells mainly proliferated in the dermis forming solid pattern nests (b).


Paraffin-embedded tissue samples from the right shoulder were deparaffinized and stained with anti-RANKL antibody (c).


T1-weighted MRI before the treatment (a).


Physical examination revealed that all primary tumors had disappeared (b).


T1-weighted MRI after the treatment (c).


Lymphocyte count, cytomegalovirus (CMV) blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) viral load, and the progression of symptoms and events over one year, in a 10-year-old girl who underwent allogeneic HSCT. Colour bars represent the timeline graph of antiviral treatments and their corresponding duration. After discontinuing the immune-suppressive regimen, the patient first experienced headaches with high blood CMV load, despite therapy with valganciclovir and foscarnet. Her symptoms then worsened until overt immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) occurred, with high CSF CMV load, despite CMV clearance from the blood, together with an increase in lymphocyte count and severe bone marrow and renal toxicity. After the initiation of anti-CMV-specific immune globulins, the CSF viral load dropped rapidly, and symptoms improved. HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; IST, immunosuppressive therapy; IRIS, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; CMV, cytomegalovirus; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.


Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytomegalovirus (CMV)-IgG antibodies (Ab) titre evaluation in CMV-IgG-positive patients undergoing the Cytotect CP treatment (Cytotect group, n = 15) and those not so treated (Control group, n = 15). In the Cytotect group, the CSF CMV Ab levels were significantly higher than serum Ab levels (P < 0.001) and CSF Ab levels of the Control group (P < 0.0001). CMV serum and CSF Ab evaluations were performed in triplicates, and their results are shown as mean +- SD. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney U-test.


First visit occlusal view.


After 6-month placement of calcium hydroxide.


After 20 months of calcium hydroxide placement.


CBCT view;. First visit.


After 6 months, Significant shrinkage in the size of the lesion was observed.


After 20 months of follow-up.


Initial evaluation of mixed friction burn to anterior abdomen of a 30-year old female pedestrain struck by a motor vehicle. Total burn surface area (TBSA) estimated to be 13% (4% full-thickness 3rd degree, 9% partial thickness 2nd degree).


Morel-Lavallee lesion discovery during of a 30-year old female pedestrain struck by a motor vehicle tangential burn wound excision revealed full-thickness abdominal wall ischemia (approximately 12 cm diameter), extensive fascial-cutaneous separation, and traumatic dissection. Over 1.5 L of fluid were removed from this region at index operation requiring drain placement for weeks post-operation.


Post-repair day 5 of abdominal wall Morel-Lavallee lesion with excision and autografting with split-thickness skin graft of a 30-year old female pedestrain struck by a motor vehicle.


Clinical course of the present case before HBV reactivation.


Clinical course of the present case after anti-virus therapy started. GCAP = Granulocytapheresis.


Microtia with preauricular tag.


Facial asymmetry with left preaxial polydactyly.


Fundus photography of the right and left eyes. Extensive choroidal coloboma is seen in the right eye.


Fundus photography of the right and left eyes. , markedly different from the left eye.


Fluorescein fundus angiography of the right and left eyes. A; The right eye shows no changes of DR.


Fluorescein fundus angiography of the right and left eyes. B; The left eye displays a wide area of retinal nonperfusion.


Imaging of hepatic PEComa. (A) Contrast-enhanced phase of CT reveals a poorly-defined mass with a significantly high intensity in segment VII of the liver.


Immunohistochemical results of hepatic PEComa (x200). (A) Tumor cells showing strong and diffuse positive staining for HMB-45.


Immunohistochemical results of hepatic PEComa (x200). (B) Tumor cells showing strong and diffuse positive staining for SMA (+++). PEComa, perivascular epithelioid cell tumor; HMB-45, human melanoma black-45; SMA, smooth muscle actin.


Dissection of the tumor.


Distal pancreatectomy using a stapler.


The spherical tumor after complete separation.


Operative bed with pancreatic stump.


Preoperative extraoral profile.


Preoperative intraoral image.


Computed tomography scan (axial cut).


Computed tomography scan (coronal cut).


Intraoperative image.


Postoperative extraoral profile.


Microscopic view showing dense proliferation of fibro-collagenous tissue among which are seen areas of bony trabeculae lined by plump osteoblasts.


Proliferating fibroblastic tissue with blood vessels and osteoid showing plump osteoblastic rimming.


High-power view showing focus of proliferating fibroblastic cells with few specs of calcification (psammamatoid type).


Fundus images at presentation (2a), after 1 month (2b), and at 4 months (2c). Faint discolored peripapillary fundus lesions typical of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) were seen at presentation (2a) and still present after one month (2b); corresponding to fluorescein angiography (FA) hyperfluorescent areas and hyperautofluorescent areas. At 4 months (2c), these lesions take the aspect of chorioretinal scars while FA and hyperautofluorescent lesions are no longer present.


Fundus autofluorescence pictures at presentation (5a), after 1 month (5b), and at 4 months (5c). On the right column (left eye), hyper-autofluorescent areas corresponding to FA and ICGA lesions can be seen at presentation (5a) which, on the middle picture, slightly progressed after one month (5b) with return to normal at 4 months (5c).


Second episode of choriocapillaritis consistent with multifocal choroiditis. Fundus images (7a) show chorioretinal scars nasal to the optic disc. Both fundus autofluorescence (7b) and fluorescein angiography (7c) show only faint lesions, while on indocyanine green angiography, hypofluorescence is substantial (7d), but resolves one month after periocular triamcinolone injection (7e) in parallel with recovery of the visual field (see figure 1).


Lateral condylar hypoplasia with lateralisation of patellae (with a predominance on the left side) - flexion.


Lateral condylar hypoplasia with lateralisation of patellae - AP/Long Leg Views.


Pathology of the masses of the transplanted kidney, and gross photograph of the allograft nephrectomy specimen. Periodic acid-Schiff staining and Grocott methenamine silver staining of renal mass at 100 x ,at 1.


Pathology of the masses of the transplanted kidney, and gross photograph of the allograft nephrectomy specimen. 000 x. Show granuloma caused by Cryptococcus (arrows).


Pathology of the masses of the transplanted kidney, and gross photograph of the allograft nephrectomy specimen. Electron microscopy of renal mass (E) shows the Cryptococcus (arrow).


Pathology of the masses of the transplanted kidney, and gross photograph of the allograft nephrectomy specimen. (F) Renal cryptococcoma (black arrow) and enlarged renal crptococcoma (white arrow).


Coronal preoperative MRCP/MRI in patient 1 revealing pancreas divisum with a lobulated cyst lesion in the uncinate process as well as a notable dilation of the uncinate duct. Scattered benign hepatic cysts are noted, with a normal sized bile duct. MRCP, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatoscopy.


Coronal preoperative MRI in patient 2 revealing pancreas divisum with a cyst lesion measuring 7.3 cm involving the uncinate process and duct of Wirsung. Of note, mural nodularity is appreciated.


(A) Liver metastases detected using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in November 2019.


(B) Response of liver metastases detected using MRI in January 2020 after treatment with etoposide combined with cisplatin and continued ADT plus pembrolizumab. Metastases are indicated by red arrows.


(C) Clivus and adjacent right sphenoid bone metastases detected by MRI in April 2020.


(D) Meningeal clivus and adjacent right sphenoid metastases in November 2020. Metastases are indicated by red arrows.


The altered landscape and phylogenetic reconstruction of the two samples. (A) The second panel shows the cancer cell fraction estimated by using PyClone and calculated using the read depth of mutations, copy numbers, and purity of tumors. Other panels are showing the frequency of mutations in three types of prostate cancer using public data from the cBioPortal (1400 primary tumors, 54 NEPC samples, and 880 mCRPC samples). Important functional cancer genes are marked in red.


The altered landscape and phylogenetic reconstruction of the two samples. (B) Overview of copy number alterations and cancer genes encompassed in segments are shown in red.


The altered landscape and phylogenetic reconstruction of the two samples. (C, D) Fishplot indicating the dynamic clonal progression of the tumor, and clonal evolution tree showing the phylogenetic relationship between the two samples.


Selected sagittal.


Axial.


Coronal. Slices of CT, PET, and ,fusion images.


MIP image. Of PET-CT showing increased focal FDG uptake in the subcutaneous fatty tissue posterior to the proximal gluteal muscle planes at right thigh.


Typical vimentin positivity in the renal cell carcinoma cells (Vimentin Antibody, x100).


Malignant clear cell infiltration in the fibroadipose tissues, with vascular tumor embolus adjacent to the tumor (Hematoxylen and eosin, x40).


MIP image. Of PET-CT showing increased focal FDG uptake at the posteromedial part of proximal third of right cruris.


MRI shows a soft tissue lesion in the intermuscular area, with a diameter of 2.5 cm, which is hypointense on T1-weighted images.


Hyperintense on T2-weighted images. And showing intense contrast enhancement.


Fine-needle aspiration, left leg, Diff-Quik (x200), showing a cellular yield of cohesive, three-dimensional tumor clusters with cellular overlapping and architectural disorder.


Fine-needle aspiration, left leg, Diff-Quik (x400), columnar tumor cells arranged in glandular configuration with elongated nuclei, mild to moderate nuclear pleomorphism, and finely dispersed chromatin.


Contrast-enhanced CT imaging demonstrating no cirrhotic changes prior to 90Y administration.


Generalized mottled changes compatible with postembolization edema 3 months after 90Y administration.


The patient subsequently developed a large, nonenhancing, complex cystic central hepatic lesion suggestive of a post-90Y biloma 14 months after administration.


Over the subsequent 45 months developed a progressively irregular texture suggestive of hepatic cirrhosis.


Needle core biopsy of the liver taken 47 months after 90Y administration. A; There is a large band of chronically inflamed fibrous tissue, highly suggestive of cirrhosis. HE. X10.


Needle core biopsy of the liver taken 47 months after 90Y administration. B; This is highlighted by Masson trichrome staining, demonstrating chronically inflamed fibrous tissue (blue), highly suggestive of cirrhosis.


Needle core biopsy of the liver taken 47 months after 90Y administration. X10. C; The nonfibrotic liver showed macrovesicular steatosis with mildly active steatohepatitis. HE. X40.


Needle core biopsy of the liver taken 47 months after 90Y administration. D; On the other hand, sinusoidal Kupffer cells showed a mild degree of hemosiderosis. Perls iron stain. X40.


(A) Intraoral view of the upper right quadrant at baseline; calculus and gum bleeding is visible.


(B) Intraoral view of the frontal lower teeth at baseline; small amounts of calculus and pus discharge are visible.


Panoramic radiograph at baseline.


(A) Upper right quadrant after antibiotic therapy.


(B) Frontal lower teeth after antibiotic therapy.


Intraoral view of the frontal lower teeth 14 days after SRP and splinting.


Intraoral view 6 months after SRP.


Panoramic radiograph 6 months after SRP: tooth #43 showed an extensive periapical lesion with well-defined borders and bone loss extruding onto the root's mesial surface.


Walking" probing of the periodontal pocket using a Naber periodontal probe. Distal buccal point.


Walking" probing of the periodontal pocket using a Naber periodontal probe. Middle buccal point.


Walking" probing of the periodontal pocket using a Naber periodontal probe. Mesial buccal point , all measurements are 2 mm probing depth.


Walking" probing of the periodontal pocket using a Naber periodontal probe. (D) Narrow and deep 8 mm periodontal pocket on the mesial tooth surface.


(A) No bleeding was observed immediately after endodontic access opening.


(B) Instrumentation of the root canal using an iRace rotary endodontic instrument.


(C) Passive ultrasound irrigation with an ultrasound tip.


(D) Treating the root canal with ozone gas.


(A) Working length confirmation.


(B) Immediately after obturation.


(C) Six-month follow-up showing complete healing of the bone defect in the periapical area and interdental septum.


Prozone ozone generator.


GTG-banding revealed a complex karyotype multiple numerical and or structural rearrangements.


Pathology of Solid Pseudo-Papillary Tumor of the Pancreas.


A preoperative photograph revealed total hairy scalp and forehead avulsion with only a connection in the nuchal area.


The intraoperative and postoperative indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) mapping results. A; Intraoperative ICGA mapping with SPY-Q analysis of perfusion in the replanted scalp. Asterisk represents the left temporal area that is automatically selected as a reference with a 100% perfusion value. Areas with 25% perfusion relative to the maximal perfusion reference were traced with blue lines. Areas confined by the blue lines represent well-perfused tissue with more than 25% of the reference area perfusion.


The intraoperative and postoperative indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) mapping results. B; The color reversal version of ICGA image when the necrotic area became mature. Please note the hypoperfused frontoparietal area represented by the color white.


All skin grafts survived with acceptable cosmetic results at the 1-month follow-up.


Periodic acid Schiff (PAS) stain, 400x magnification, shows an enlarged glomerulus with deposits which are PAS negative and occasional PAS positive hyaline caps. Tubules and interstitium are normal.


Silver stain, 400x view shows deposits are silver negative.


Deposits were not congophilic.


Immuno-fluorescence stain: the deposits were negative for all IgG, IgM and complements.


Electron microscopic study of renal biopsy specimen fixed using gluteraldehyde, viewed under 40,000x magnification revealed abundant subendothelial deposits of large fibers (97nm in width) with long spacing striations suggestive of collagen fibers; confirming the diagnosis of collagenous glomerulopathy.


Kidney biopsy slide stained with hemotoxylin-eosin stain and periodic acid Schiff stain (PAS), viewed under 400x magnification shows an enlarged glomerulus with increased mesangial matrix and mesangial interposition with diffuse membrane thickening. Tubules and interstitium are normal.


Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showing a T1 T2 hypointense lesion in the right supraclavicular region which is diffusely infiltrating the adjacent soft tissue.


Contrast-enhanced CT of chest showing pericardial effusion (white arrow), bilateral pleural effusions and left-sided lung consolidation (red arrow).


Magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion sequence shows an important restriction of diffusion in the peripheral region.


Hematoxylin-eosin stain showing both tumor components and transition area (x2).


Average percentage of MGMT methylation.


Initial clinical presentation:clinical composite photograph of the patient's left eye reveals an extensive fleshy salmon solid tumor of the conjunctiva extending into the orbit inferonasally.


Histopathology from biopsied conjunctival lesion:photomicrograph reveals sheets of large neoplastic lymphoid cells with moderate nuclear pleomorphism, vesicular chromatin, and large nucleoli underlying normal epithelium. (H&E, 30X).


Immunohistochemical stains of conjunctival lesion:photomicrographs of multiple immunohistochemical assays showed that the large lymphoid cells stained strongly positive for CD20 and MUM-1; it was also positive for Pax-5 and weakly positive for Bcl-6. The large lymphoid cells were negative for CD10. The small background lymphocytes stained positive with CD3.


Patient's lesions.


Computed tomography scan (axial section) of thorax showing a large heterogeneously enhancing soft tissue mass lesion in the right perihilar region involving right lower lobe extending into the mediastinum with loss of fat planes with esophagus, aorta, and right crus of the diaphragm. There is no chest wall or pleural involvement.


Immunohistochemistry picture from lung lesion showing tumor cells positive for neuron specific enolase (x200).


Chest X-ray demonstrating multiple lung metastases of sarcoma and a metastasis to the right pleura and left hemopneumothorax.


Chest X-ray demonstrating multiple lung metastases of sarcoma and bilateral pneumothorax.


A pair of neoplastic cells (upper left) shows scant cytoplasm, irregular nuclear contours, visible small nucleoli, and a possible inter-cellular 'window'. The cytoplasmic eosinophilia of the neoplastic cells contrast with the cytoplasmic basophilia of the larger reactive mesothelial cell (lower right) (Wright stain, x1000).


Cellular smear showing branching papillary fronds (Pap, x100).


Cells have round to oval nuclei with fine granular chromatin and have nuclear grooves (Pap, x400).


Facial features and limb malformations of the fetus in case 1. A 28-year-old Chinese woman was referred for prenatal diagnosis at 16 weeks of gestation due to fetal nuchal translucency (NT) thickening (A).


Facial features and limb malformations of the fetus in case 1. The pregnancy was terminated at 20 weeks, and autopsy showed distinct facial features . Limb defects.


Facial features and limb malformations of the fetus in case 1. The pregnancy was terminated at 20 weeks, and autopsy showed distinct facial features.


Facial features and limb malformations of the fetus in case 1. Limb defects.


Facial features and limb malformations of the fetus in case 1. . In the fetus as indicated by the arrows.


Clinical features of the proband and Sanger sequencing results in case 3. The proband.


Clinical features of the proband and Sanger sequencing results in case 3. II: 1) presented with typical facial features of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and upper limber defects.


Clinical features of the proband and Sanger sequencing results in case 3. The (F) panel shows the Sanger sequencing results of NIPBL c.448dupA mutation in the family.


Typical complex-branching pseudopapillary structures surrounded with single and/or loosely cohesive neoplastic cells (PAP, smear).


The clear vacuoles were often single but numerous clear vacuoles were also observed both in neoplastic groups and single, discohesive, plasmocytoid neoplastic cells (Diff-Quik, smears).


Small groups of cells with clear cell vacuoles in variable sized (Diff-Quik, smear).


Intracytoplasmic vacuoles are well defined like coin-shaped (Diff-Quik, smears).


Vacuoles can be seen often and easily in Diff-Quik stained smears (Diff-Quik, smears).


Neoplastic cells shows nuclear immuno reactivity with beta-catenin (cell block).


Strong cytoplasmic immuno reactivity with vimentin antibody (cell block).


CD10 also showed strong cytoplasmic immuno reactivity similar to vimentin (cell block).


ctDNA SMSEQ analysis of CSF. Blue box, expected ERBB2 (HER2) gene counts; black dot, ERBB2 gene counts (HER2 amplification) in the patient's CSF.


(d-f) Represent coronal computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and fused positron emission tomography/computed tomography images, respectively.


Histopathology of the lesion showing areas of laminated keratin with no foci of calcification or hemorrhage, confirming benign epidermoid cyst.


The gamma spectrum measurement of the contamination demonstrates an energy peak in 500-550 keV region (due to positron formation at 511 keV). The rectangular bar shows the energy window used for Co-57 marker in the superimposed image (Figure 3 on the right).


The top row (A1-G1) displays magnetic resonance (MR) images from the initial study during the first admission, and the bottom row (A2-G2) displays the corresponding images during the relapse 2 months later. The lesion (A1,A2) returns an isointense signal on T1-weighted images and (B1,B2) demonstrates enhancement on post-contrast images. (C2) High T2-signal cystic lesions are seen along the leptomeningeal surface that increased in size and number during the relapse. (D2) The internal signal of these cystic lesions is not entirely suppressed on fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence. (E1,E2) No blooming artifacts seen on gradient echo (GRE) sequence. (F1,G1;F2,G2) Restricted diffusion is not demonstrated in both studies.


The top row (A1-C1) displays MR images from the initial study during the first admission, and the bottom row (A2-C2) displays the corresponding images during the relapse 2 months later. (A1,A2) There were cystic lesions with high T2 signal along the leptomeningeal surface. These initially small non-enhancing cystic lesions [white arrows, (B1)] increased in size and number in the follow-up scan [white arrows, (B2)]. (A2) Brain tissue was seen herniating through a Burr hole from a previous external ventricular shunt site, indicating that there was increased intracranial pressure. (C1,C2) Coronal post-contrast T1 images demonstrate the predominantly basal cisternal location of the nodular leptomeningeal thickening.


MR spectroscopy (TE/TR = 144 ms/2,000 ms) findings of elevated choline:creatine ratio (4.34) suggesting high cell turnover in favor of malignancy. The absence of a singlet peak at 3.8 ppm makes tuberculoma less likely.


ML phylogeny of the O. anthropi 16S sequences deposited in GenBank. The results revealed that our 16S sequence 16S_B1 has the closest phylogenetic relationship with O. anthropi.


Preoperative clinical photographs showing intraoral swellings in the retromolar area on right side.


Preoperative clinical photographs showing intraoral swellings in the retromolar area on left side.


CT image showing bilateral expansile radiolucent lesion surrounding both the mandibular and maxillary third molar regions along with supernumerary teeth.


CT image shows maxillary radiolucent lesion surrounding the right impacted third molar.


CT image shows maxillary radiolucent lesion surrounding the left impacted third molar.


The coronal view of mandible in CT image shows bilateral lingual bone perforation.


Cystic fluid aspirate shows straw-colored fluid.


Histopathological section showing the cystic epithelial lining typically of dentigerous cyst.


Another histopathological section showing the cystic epithelial lining typically of dentigerous cyst.


Intraoperative clinical photograph showing resultant bony cavities after enucleation of dentigerous cysts in mandible.


Postoperative clinical photograph showing the gauze packed in to the bony cavities after cyst enucleation.


Intraoral clinical view after 6 months showing the healing of bony cavities.


Postoperative panoramic view after 5 months of enucleation showing significant amount of bone formation.


Chest CT scan- Axial view: Normal parenchymal lung tissue without evidence of active chest disease or intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.


(a) Abdomen and pelvis CT scan: The liver is large measuring up to 24 cm (blue arrows). The spleen is large measuring 17.4 cm (red arrows), retrocrural lymphadenopathy (white arrows).


(b) Abdomen and pelvis CT scan: Retroperitoneal lymph nodes (white arrows).


Gallium scan: Large region of intense focal uptake midline abdomen compatible with mesenteric (blue arrows) and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy (white arrows). No abnormal lung uptake is seen.


Lymph node biopsy: (hematoxylin and eosin stain) lymphohistiocytic infiltrate (red arrows).


Lymph node biopsy: Many acid-fast bacilli (blue arrows).


Head MRI findings. There was no tumor in the pituitary gland (white arrow).


18F-FDG PET/CT scan of a 51-year-old Caucasian female with symptoms of central pontine myelinolysis. Scan is showing localized FDG uptake in the pons, with normal and symmetrical activity in the rest of the brain.


MR-scan T2-weighted image showing a hyperintensive region in the central part of pons. In addition, hyperintensive region was present symmetrically in the caput nucleus caudatus, putamen, and the lateral part of thalamus.


Upper image: T2 axial image of the lesion surrounding the catheter (red arrow). The granuloma appears as an extra-axial lesion isodense to the myelon. Lower image: T1 contrast sagittal image showing a space-occupying, ring-enhancing, inhomogeneous, extra-axial mass (red arrow) in the spinal canal at the level of T4.


T2 sagittal image of the same lesion with clearly visible extensive T2 signal changes in the spinal cord. The tip of the catheter is seen encased in the granuloma substance (red arrow).


T1 contrast imaging. Upper image: Axial image showing a large recurrence overshadowing and compressing the spinal cord (pink arrow). Lower image: The recurrent granuloma is seen here as a large, ring-enhancing, inhomogeneous, mass-causing high-grade compression of the spinal cord (pink arrow).


(a-c) Multiple nodulo-papular, ulcerated lesions in gingiva involving the entire mandibular arch, gingiva of left posterior maxillary arch in relation to the premolars and molars along with similar lesions in the posterosuperior aspect of the left buccal mucosa (yellow arrows).


Orthopantomogram showing severe generalized irregular alveolar bone destruction in the entire mandibular and in the left posterior maxillary alveolar ridge region.


(a) The presence of sheet-like proliferation of Langerhans cells, having coffee bean-shaped appearance, eosinophils, and plasma cells (H and E, x100). (b) Langerhans cells exhibiting positivity for anti-CD1a (x40).


Necrosis of the frontal region of the mandibular alveolar ridge and three missing incisors.


Magnetic resonance imaging of the girl's mandible (T1 TSE fat sat contrast medium sequence) showed areas of bone necrosis (star) with peripheral reactive bone contrast enhancement (arrows) and enhancement of the soft tissue edema (arrowheads).


Histopathology of the biopsy specimens taken from the lower jaw (first biopsy). (a) Inflamed gingival mucosa with superficial erosions, with granulation tissue and dystrophic calcifications. Retrospectively, calcifications were "reinterpreted" as remains of destructed alveolar bone. HE, original magnification, x4.


Histopathology of the biopsy specimens taken from the lower jaw (first biopsy). (b) Recanalization of the small vessels in the inflamed gingival mucosa (mark). Note the intense mixed inflammatory infiltrate in the background and the swollen endothelial cells. HE, original magnification, x20.


Total colonoscopy revealed a lesion in the rectum below the peritoneal reflection (4 cm above the anal verge).


A colonic pull-through segment of about 10 cm was left outside the anal canal without any tension and was fixed by sutures under indocyanine green fluorescence imaging.


Final coloanal anastomosis was performed without diverting the stoma under indocyanine green fluorescence imaging.


Diffuse enlargement and ulceration of labial gingiva.


Enlargement and ulceration of palatal mucosa.


Intra oral peri apical radiograph.


Infiltrated placard with alopecia, telangiectasias and squames located on the scalp.


Infiltrated placards with telangiectasias and squames located on the trunk.


Infiltrated plaques with telangiectasias and squames located on the lower limbs.


Diffuse granulomatous panniculitis and dermatitis, mainly comprised of epithelioid histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells, some with vacuolated cytoplasm, others with a large number of nuclei or with bizarre, triangular shapes, punctuated by collections of lymph and plasma cells; HEx40.


IHC: CD3 stains the small lymphocytes spread within the granulomatous infiltrate; x100.


Left picture shows the frontal view of the patient showing microcephaly, prominent nose (wide bridge, broad root, columella under ala nasi), Middle picture shows Oligodontia, Right picture shows the Generalized brachydactyly (A written consent was obtained from the patient's parents to publish this image).


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of left cervical lymph node. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections is seen (A).


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of left cervical lymph node. Immunohistochemical staining of these specimens shows that the infiltrated lymphocytes are positive for CD20.


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of left cervical lymph node. , CD21.


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of left cervical lymph node. Of follicular dendritic cells, and EBER (magnification x20).


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph node and peripheral blood smear. H&E-stained sections is seen.


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph node and peripheral blood smear. Immunohistochemical staining of the specimens shows that the diffuse infiltrated lymphocytes are positive for CD20.


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph node and peripheral blood smear. EBER. (magnification x20).


Histological and immunophenotypic results of excisional biopsy of the axillary lymph node and peripheral blood smear. Wright's staining of peripheral blood smear showed typical atypical lymphocytes (D) (magnification x400).


Preoperative CT scans showing a large tumor in the nasopharynx. (A) Head CT image showing dense mass of nasopharyngeal soft tissue, protruding into the cavity, with regular shape and uniform density. The left eustachian tube and pharyngeal orifice are not visible, while the right pharyngeal crypt appears shallow.


Preoperative CT scans showing a large tumor in the nasopharynx. (B) Nasopharyngeal CT scan showing a mass-like shadow on the posterior lateral wall of the left nasopharyngeal roof.


Preoperative CT scans showing a large tumor in the nasopharynx. The enhanced scan image showing uneven density in the arterial phase (C).


Preoperative CT scans showing a large tumor in the nasopharynx. Areas with intense dye uptake in the venous phase, and small patchy low-density shadows (D).


Preoperative CT scans showing a large tumor in the nasopharynx. Postoperative head CT showing that the tumor is completely resected (E).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (A) Dense areas with cellular proliferation alternating with hypocellular areas (H&E; x40).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (B) Area of the tumor showing disorganized cellular arrangement (H&E; x40).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (C) Area with tumor cells arranged in stripes (H&E; x100).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (D) Area with tumor cells arranged in storiform pattern (H&E; x100).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (E) Multinucleated giant cells deposited in a myxoid stroma (H&E; x100).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (F) Multinucleated giant cells deposited in a hyaline stroma (H&E; x200).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (G) Interstitial vessels with hyaline degeneration (H&E; x100).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (H) Hypercellular areas showing fusiform or oval cells, with no apparent atypia, few cytoplasm, large and deep stained nuclei, and oval nuclei as well as some vacuolated nuclei and some tumor cells with nucleoli. Mitotic figures were 2 per 50 high-power fields (H&E; x400).


Microphotographs showing the histopathological features of the tumor. (I) Multinucleated giant cells varying in size and shape showing nuclei nested in the cytoplasm in a wreath-like and lobulated-shape (H&E; x400).


Micrographs showing characteristics of tumor stroma (A) Area showing tumor cells arranged in a wavy pattern (H&E; x40).


(B) Area showing apparent myxoid degeneration in the stroma (H&E; x40).


(C) Multinucleated giant cells with deep nuclear stains within the pseudovascular space (H&E; x200).


(D) Multinucleated giant cells distributed among the spindle tumor cells and the collagenous stroma (H&E; x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (A) IHC image showing cells with diffuse CD34 positivity (original magnification x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (B) IHC staining for BCL-2 showing diffuse membrane and cytoplasm positivity (original magnification x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (C) Tumor cells showing diffuse membrane positivity for CD99 (original magnification x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (D) IHC of STAT6 showing partially flaky nuclear positivity (original magnification x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (E) IHC of CD68 showing partial cytoplasm positivity in giant cells (original magnification x200).


Immunohistochemical analysis of the tumor. (F) IHC for Ki-67 showing some positively stained cells (labeling index of 3%) (original magnification x200).


Short-tau inversion recovery hyperintensity.


T1 hypointensity involving the L4 vertebral body including the pedicles and the lamina (arrow).


(a-c) Computed tomography-guided left sided transpedicular biopsy of L4 vertebral body.


Histopathological images of the computed tomography-guided biopsy from L4 vertebrae,. X40.


X20 H, and ,E stained image - showing bony trabeculae infiltrated by neoplastic cells having hyperchromatic nuclei.


Medical image.


X20 immunohistochemistry image - tumor cells show GATA 3 positivity.


(Axial view) Computed tomography scan shows left side huge psoas hematoma (arrow).


(a-d) Sequential images of computed tomography angiography were suggestive of breech in the left lumbar segmental vessel at L4 level (arrow).


Transcatheter selective embolization at the left L4 segmental vessel (arrow).


17-year-old female with pain in the left heel diagnosed as due to an aneurysmal bone cyst. Lateral X-ray of the left foot shows radiolucent lesion (arrow) leading to expansion on the postero-lateral part of the calcaneus.


17-year-old female with pain in the left heel diagnosed due an aneurysmal bone cyst. MRI on the postero-lateral part of the calcaneus shows a cystic mass lesion in the medullary cavity. T1W.


17-year-old female with pain in the left heel diagnosed due an aneurysmal bone cyst. MRI on the postero-lateral part of the calcaneus shows a cystic mass lesion in the medullary cavity. T2W sequences show heterogeneous hyperintense sclerotic rim (red arrow) surrounding the medullar component and central heterogeneous hyperintense septae formations (green arrow). T2W sequence shows blood level components (blue arrow).


17-year-old female with pain in the left heel diagnosed due an aneurysmal bone cyst. MRI on the postero-lateral part of the calcaneus shows a cystic mass lesion in the medullary cavity. C) Image following intravenous contrast media administration shows contrast enhancement surrounding the lesion (red arrow) and in the septae formations (blue arrow).


Computed tomography chest before bronchoscopy demonstrating widespread airspace disease in the lower lobes bilaterally without volume loss, air bronchograms, or cavitation.


Computed tomography chest showing cavitation in the right lower lobe with an air-fluid level that measures 2.6 cm x 3.2 cm, highly suggestive of lung abscess.


A diffuse ill-defined movable bluish red swelling on right alveolar mucosa in the molar region.


Orthopantograph revealed no significant bony changes.


Fine-needle aspiration cytology stained smear showed well-delineated, tightly cohesive clusters of basaloid cells surrounding mucoid, hyaline globules.


Photomicrograph revealed multiple pseudocystic spaces of variable sizes filled with eosinophilic material.


Bone window.


Noncontrast.


Postcontrast. CT brain.


T1 FLAIR pre.


Postgadolinium.


Medical image.


Intraoperative photograph of the tumour breaching dura.


The tumour had extended through the skull.


Hematoxylin, and ,eosin stain (high-power view).


Hematoxylin and eosin stain (low-power view).


PAS positive.


FLI-1 positive.


MIC-2 positive.


Ki67 30% positive by visual estimation.


Brain imaging and immunohistochemical results. (A) Rapid progressive damage in the bilateral basal ganglia. Upper: Right basal ganglia lesion with patchy abnormal signals before admission. Lower: The bilateral basal ganglia showed patchy abnormal signals after admission. Bilateral basal ganglia lesions with hemorrhage on the right side.


Brain imaging and immunohistochemical results. (B) Mixed density shadow in the bilateral basal ganglia with peripheral parenchymal edema and postoperative resection of right basal ganglia lesions.


Brain imaging and immunohistochemical results. (C) Pathological results from the brain tissues of lesions in the right basal ganglia. Hematoxylin-eosin staining. Fungal spores and hyphae were observed in a small amount of necrotic brain tissue.


EML4-ALK fusion in the present case visualized using the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV). Diagrammatic sketch of EML4-ALK fusion result (A).


EML4-ALK fusion in the present case visualized using the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV). The IGV display of EML4-ALK fusion in an adenocarcinoma specimen of EML4-ALK fusion results (B).


EML4-ALK fusion in the present case visualized using the Integrative Genomics Viewer (IGV). The IGV display of EML4-ALK fusion in a squamous cell carcinoma specimen of EML4-ALK fusion results (C).


A; Fine needle aspirate showing small lymphocytes, scattered pigmented and nonpigmented cells, and proteinaceous material (cell block HE; magnification x1,000).


B; Immunohistochemical stain showing CD20 B lymphocytes (magnification x1,000).


C; Immunohistochemical stain showing few CD3 T lymphocytes (magnification x1,000).


Initial MRI of the brain with and without contrast. . A large right frontal lobe intra-axial mass with mass effect upon the right ventricular system and a leftward midline shift of approximately 1.3 cm is shown.


Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the tumor.


Synaptophysin immunohistochemical staining of the tumor typical of PNET.


Post-treatment MRI of the brain with and without contrast. . Postoperative changes in the right frontotemporoparietal region are shown. Irregular enhancement at the surgical site extends to the walls of the right lateral ventricle. This was unchanged in subsequent MRI scans.


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. (a) Sagittal T2-weighted image of the penis demonstrates heterogeneous lesion, with ill-defined margins surrounding the penis. The mass (arrowheads) was mainly of low signal intensity on T2-weighted images, a finding suggestive of the presence of fibrous tissue. Corpora cavernosa are intact (long arrow). Image shows normal right testis (asterisk).


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. (b) Transverse apparent diffusion coefficient map (b = 900 mm2/s) shows heterogeneous mass (arrow) surrounding the penile shaft. The lesion appears mainly isointense when compared to the normal corpora cavernosa (long arrow). The apparent diffusion coefficient value of the mass was 1.53 x 10-3 mm2/s (right corpus cavernosum: 1.49 x 10-3 mm2/s; left corpus cavernosum: 1.60 x 10-3 mm2/s). Normal left testis (arrow).


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. Transverse three-dimensional gradient-echo images acquired. Without.


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. With the application of the magnetization transfers pulse. The magnetization transfer signal of the mass lesion (arrowhead) was qualitatively lower than that of the corpora cavernosa (arrow). The magnetization transfer ratio (in percent) of the lesion was 67.


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. (e) Time-signal intensity curve of the lesion shows an initial upstroke after which the signal intensity gradually increases in the late contrast-enhanced phase.


52-year-old man with silicone-induced penile sclerosing lipogranuloma. Histopathologic evaluation of the excised tissue reveals vacuoles of variable size in the dermis corresponding to exogeneous substance. Multinucleated giant cells and abundant fibrosis is seen around the vacuoles (Hematoxylin and Eosin stain, magnification x20).


Ultrasound findings revealed that the intrascrotal mass (measuring 8 cm in diameter) showed uniformity with a low-echoic lesion (arrow).


Intraoperative findings. The mass was separated from the testis.


A surgical specimen of the intrascrotal mass resected with the skin.


Histologically, the cyst contained keratin flakes and its wall was covered with keratinizing squamous epithelium.


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Head computed tomography performed on admission reveals a low-density area in the left frontal cortex (a).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Axial image from diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reveals no abnormalities that indicate acute cerebral ischemia (b).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) shows high-intensity lesions in the left frontal cortex and very thin subdural hematoma (arrows) (c).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI shows leptomeningeal enhancement along the superior frontal gyrus, which is involved in focal cortical hyperintensity in the left frontal lobe of FLAIR imaging (d-f).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI shows leptomeningeal enhancement along the superior frontal gyrus, which is involved in focal cortical hyperintensity in the left frontal lobe of FLAIR imaging (d-f). Note that dural thickening, pituitary swelling, and tonsil herniation are not observed (e and g).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Note that dural thickening, pituitary swelling, and tonsil herniation are not observed (e and g).


Neuroimaging findings of the patient. Magnetic resonance venography shows patency of the intracranial main venous system (h).


Intraoperative photographs of the patient. The fluid-attenuated inversion recovery high-intensity lesion is exposed through small craniotomy (a). Note that a tack-up suture is placed (arrows) since the dura mater separates away from the skull spontaneously (a and b), although the brain does not look sunken in the photographs because we lowered the patient's head position to increase the intracranial pressure.


Intraoperative photographs of the patient. Note that a tack-up suture is placed (arrows) since the dura mater separates away from the skull spontaneously (a and b), although the brain does not look sunken in the photographs because we lowered the patient's head position to increase the intracranial pressure.


Intraoperative photographs of the patient. Magnified intraoperative photo shows that the cortical vein is discolored (black).


Intraoperative photographs of the patient.indocyanine green video angiography shows the absence of flow that signifies thrombosis of the vein.


Panoramic X-ray: Diffuse limited borders in the region of the right mandible with bone sclerosis and narrowing of the mandibular canal.


(a-c) Computed tomography: Axial, coronal, and sagittal view: Diffuse limited borders with slight erosion of the right cortical mandible and reduction of trabecular bone microstructure. The mandibular canal was breached.


Magnetic resonance imaging: Axial view, T1: Enlarged, contrast-enhancing mass of the right mandible.


Positron emission tomography/computed tomography: Axial view: Uptake of 18F-fluorodesoxyglucose of the right mandible.


The CT topogram shows that the distal part of VP shunt is lying in the right-upper-quadrant superimposed on the hepatic silhouette.


(a) Abdominal CT scans with oral contrast demonstrates an intrahepatic fluid collection (asterisk) measuring 8.1 x 7.4 cm in the right hepatic lobe.


(b) The VP shunt catheter tip is seen inside the pseudocyst (arrow).


Preoperative.


Follow-up abdominal CT scan at 19 days after VP shunt removal. Axial abdominal CT scan shows the complete resolution of the hepatic CSF pseudocyst.


18F-fluorodeoxyglucose whole-body positron emission tomography-computed tomography scan maximum intensity projection (after potassium chloride infusion): Altered physiological distribution of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose with markedly increased uptake in almost all major muscle groups, including those of the neck, thorax, abdomen, and pelvis.