Timeline of the dog's clinical course and treatments. Serum albumin values are depicted in the orange line; the reference interval indicated by the faint orange background. The dog's body weight is depicted in the blue line. Pink stars indicate cobalamin injections. Details about the products and dosages can be found in the main text.


Histopathology of the colonic pinch biopsies. H&E (20x) with intact crypts ,overlying fibrino-suppurative exudate.


Histopathology of the colonic pinch biopsies. Areas of complete effacement of normal architecture. With inflammation and marked fibroplasia and neovascularization.


Histopathology of the colonic pinch biopsies. (C) PAS (20x) with no PAS positive macrophages.


Histopathology of the colonic pinch biopsies. (D) PAS (40x) stained colon from a dog with E. Coli-associated GC with PAS positive macrophages for comparative purposes.


Hemispherical nodule in the subungual region of the right great toe.


Fine needle aspiration smear showing benign plump oval to spindle-shaped cells in groups, sheets and cohesive clusters in a background of myxoid material and insert showing the histopathological section, confirming the cytological findings (Pap, x400).


The computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast revealed a large mass in right nasal cavity with destruction of pterygoid plates, the body and the greater wing of the sphenoid, inferior orbital wall and the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus.


The computed tomography scan with intravenous contrast revealed a large hypervascular mass in right nasal cavity with orbital involvement.


MRI showed a hypervascular mass with plenty of flow voids signal, due to containing large vessels, in the right nasal cavity with extension to intracranial and infratemporal spaces.


The angiographic study showed a filling defect in ophthalmic vein according to intraluminal tumor growth.


The excised specimen with an intraluminal extension in to ophthalmic vein (marked in the red box), which was completely excised endoscopically.


Case 1. Preoperative MRI cervical spine T1-weighted with contrast.


Case 1. And T2 weighted There is a large-enhancing expansile mass of the cervical spinal cord extending from the level C1-C7 measuring 9.8 x 1.2 cm. A large tumor cyst extends from end of mass at C7 inferiorly into the thoracic spine.


Case 1. Postoperative sagittal T1-weighted with contrast.


Case 1. T2-weighted. MR images of the cervical spine after laminectomy and posterior fusion. Gross total resection was achieved with no residual tumor.


Case 2. Preoperative sagittal T1-weighted with contrast.


Case 2. T2-weighted. MR images demonstrating a heterogeneous mass within the cervical cord from C1-C7. The superior portion of the mass demonstrates 1.7 x 3.6 cm cystic component.


Case 2. Postoperative sagittal T1-weighted with contrast.


Case 2. T2-weighted. MR images after laminectomy and posterior fusion. Gross total resection was achieved, albeit with marked spinal cord myelomalacia from C2-C3 through C6.


Erythema and swelling around CRT-P insertion site.


TEE revealing vegetation at the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve.


Initial lesion before biopsy. A pedunculated lesion at the right posterior forearm which resembled pyogenic granulomacases.


Scar from previous biopsy. Wide excision with 2 cm peripheral margin and depth until fascia level.


HE staining of lymph nodes. A) Pulmonary hilar lymph node. Note
expansion of extrafollicular areas. Lymph follicles are not abundant and only focally
observed (inset). Scales: 500 mum.


HE staining of lymph nodes. B) Retroperitoneal lymph node as a control. Scales: 500 mum.


HE staining of lymph nodes. Mid-power and . 50 mum
10 mum (D including the inset).


HE staining of lymph nodes. High-power views of the
extrafollicular area of the pulmonary hilar lymph node, showing proliferation of round
cells (plasmablasts). Inset in D) shows small lymphocytes observed in
the paracortex of pulmonary hilar lymph nodes as size controls at the same
magnification.


Scales: 20 mum (A-D).


Immunohistochemistry for round cells (plasmablasts) in the extrafollicular areas of the
pulmonary hilar nodes, labeled by antibodies against A) CD19,. CD20,. Scales: 20 mum (A-D).


IgG,. Scales: 20 mum (A-D).


IgM,. Scales: 20 mum (A-D).


Kappa chain.


Lambda chain. Plasmablasts are
CD19+ CD20- IgG+ IgM-. Sparse
CD20+ cells were judged to be reactive B cells. No monotypia was observed
for kappa and lambda chains.


Multi-labeling immunohistochemistry for phenotypic characterization of plasmablasts in
the pulmonary hilar lymph nodes. A) Chromogenic method. Ki-67+ cells (brown) did not correspond to CD20+ (red) or
CD3+ (green) cells. Scales: 20 mum (A-C). Methods are described in the legends of Supplementary Figure 5.


Multi-labeling immunohistochemistry for phenotypic characterization of plasmablasts in
the pulmonary hilar lymph nodes. ,. Merged figures showing that IgG+ cells
 green), and . Scales: 20 mum (A-C). Methods are described in the legends of Supplementary Figure 5.


Multi-labeling immunohistochemistry for phenotypic characterization of plasmablasts in
the pulmonary hilar lymph nodes.
Immunofluorescence method. VS38c+ cells. Green)
were frequently double-positive for Ki-67 (red). Note that Ki-67 is positive in the
nucleus (located in the center). Round cells in the extrafollicular areas were finally
identified as plasmablasts. Scales: 20 mum (A-C). Methods are described in the legends of Supplementary Figure 5.


(A) Top-10 up-regulated (green color, top) and top-10 down-regulated (red color, bottom) molecular pathways in the patient's tumor.


Line width for each pathway is proportional to the pathway activation level (PAL), scale for PAL values is presented on the right; (B) Gene expression level of Regorafenib targets. Targets included in the "KEGG Pathways in cancer" pathway are highlighted in red.


"KEGG Pathways in cancer" signaling pathway shown as an interacting network. This pathway was hyperactivated in the patient's tumor tissue. Green arrows indicate activation, red arrows-inhibition. Transcript nodes are shown in ovals. The color depth of transcript nodes reflects the extent of node activation (logarithms of the case-to-normal (CNR) expression rate for each node, in which "normal" is a geometric average between expression levels in normal tissue samples). Molecular targets of regorafenib are indicated by black arrows. Visualization was implemented using Oncobox software. The PI3Ks-AKT signaling axis is marked in blue ellipse.


18F-fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography bone scan - abnormalities found in the brain parenchyma.


68Ga DOTANOC positron emission tomography/computed tomography - abnormal uptake in brain parenchyma.


Contrast-enhanced computed tomogram(CECT) image (transverse cut) showing tumor in left hypochondrium displacing major vessels.


Histopathology showing pseudo papillary pancreatic epithelium.


The Papanicolaou stain cytology smear slide shows numerous papillary groups of epithelioid cells in a background of lymphoid cells (x100).


The Papanicolaou stain cytology smear slide shows that the epithelioid cells were relatively uniform. The cells had a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio. The nuclei were predominantly oval and exhibited fine nuclear chromatin. Quite prominent nuclear grooves and irregular nuclear membrane were also noted (x400).


The Papanicolaou stain cytology smear slide shows several psammoma bodies associated with tumor cells (x400).


The tumor cells are immunoreactive with estrogen receptor (x200).


The tumor cells are immunoreactive (nuclear staining) with WT-1 (x200).


Clinical features of the patients. Note the facial profile, dolicocephaly and low-set posteriorly rotated ear.


Clinical features of the patients. ; hypertelorism, low nasal bridge and short philtrum.


Clinical features of the patients. ; short fifth fingers.


A) Computed tomography scan. RA, right atrium; RV, right ventricle; LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; asterisk, pericardial effusion.


B) Site of bone marrow biopsy puncture (encircled).


C) Site of ascending aorta stab injury (showed by forceps).


Fluctuant region beneath scalp. Note that there is no discoloration, and the collection does not obey suture lines (a).


Fluctuant region beneath scalp. The arrow indicates the edge of fluid collections, which is migratory depending on patient position (b).


The important diagnosis feature showing subaponeurotic fluid collections crossing above the cranial suture (a).


Ultrasonography revealed mobile hypodense anechoic fluid collections beneath the scalp aponeurosis without the presence of cyst wall and crossed sagittal suture lines (b).


A diagnostic aspirate tap confirmed the presence of serosanguinous subaponeurotic fluid collections.


Transthoracic echocardiography in 4-chamber view showing mass in right atrium (arrows) attached to wall, measuring approximately 5.6 cm x 2.2 cm.


18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) contrast enhanced positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) images. Transaxial CT, and ,corresponding fused PET-CT.


18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (FDG) contrast enhanced positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) images. Coronal CT and corresponding fused PET-CT sectional images showing non-FDG avid thrombus in right superior pulmonary vein extending upto the left atrium (arrow).


Left nephrostogram showing persistent focal narrowing in the proximal ureter (black arrow) with proximal hydroureteronephrosis. Central pooling of contrast is seen in interpole medulla (white arrow) giving the egg-in-a cup appearance.


X-rays of L4-S1 instrumentation and fusion.


(a) Early phase spinal angiogram of the left T-10 intercostal artery injection, showing filling of the anterior spinal artery and the site of the filum terminale arteriovenous fistulas.


(b) Later phase spinal angiogram showing initial fistulization.


(c) Venous phase of spinal angiogram showing dilated and tortuous draining veins of the malformation.


DynaCT demonstrating serpentine vessel opacification, unable to localize exact fistula site from this study. Lumbar fusion instrumentation (pedicle screws) is visible.


Intraoperative photograph showing the enlarged filum terminale artery connected to the arterialized dilated venous plexus.


Intraoperative photograph showing ligated filum terminale fistula.


Artery and vein penetrating the thick, fibrous dura at the filum terminale with fibrofatty changes (bold arrow). Abrupt transition occurs between the feeding arterial vessel and venous vessel. Filum terminale vein at the center of the image is enlarged and filum terminale artery is distorted (black arrow).


Slit-lamp examination; nasal limbal gelatinous mass with inferior corneal infiltration.


A) One month later, the lesion had decreased.


B) At the third month, CIN had disappeared.


A) Slit-lamp examination: a gelatinous temporal conjunctival mass (7x10 mm) with dilated superficial vessels without corneal involvement is exposed.


B) Abduction limitation in right eye.


Anatomopathological study: moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma was confirmed; tumour cells present in corion.


Tumor progression involving ocular globe tissues and soft periorbital structures.


Mediastinal lymphadenopathy in a child with Kawasaki disease:. At presentation.


Eight weeks later.


MRI (T1-weighted with gadoliunium) at presentation in April 2008.


MRI (T1-weighted with gadolinium) at detection of seeded metastasis September 2009.


Clinical appearance of lesion.


Traumatic deep bite interfering with the lesion during occlusion.


Pre-operative scaling.


Occlusal correction.


Full thickness flap elevation facial to tooth 11, 21 using crevicular incision.


Excision of lesion.


Suturing with 3-0 silk suture.


Superficial erosion of bone upon reflection of full thickness flap.


Excised tissue.


Photomicrograph showing features of peripheral ossifying fibroma.


Satisfactory healing seen after 45 days.


Specimen after opening the cyst.


Squamous metaplasia in the cyst.


Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm in pancreatic tail at the time of presentation.


Recurrent mass in the splenic fossa.


Histological features of the recurrent tumor:. Characteristic pseudopapillary architecture observed on microscopy (H&E 100 x.


Lymphovascular invasion by tumor.


Mitotic figures (6 in 10 high-power fields).


Fibrovascular core with discohesive tumor cells.


A diffuse extraoral swelling in the lower one-third of face extending to submandibular region.


Lateral view of the swelling.


Panoramic radiograph showing generalized bone loss.


Posterior-anterior chest radiograph, showing a normal study.


Computed tomography of neck with contrast, axial section demonstrating enlarged lymph nodes without any enhancement or necrosis.


Computed tomography, coronal section demonstrating enlarged lymph node pushing the submandibular gland to one side.


Computed tomography of neck with contrast, sagittal section demonstrating lymph node enlargement at level Ib, II, III and V.


Positron emission tomography/computed tomography images showing fluoro-2-deoxyD-glucose avid supra, and ,infra diaphragmatic lymph nodes, and ,focal fluoro-2-deoxyD-glucose avid in spleen.


Positron emission tomography/computed tomography images after chemotherapy showing complete metabolic and near complete anatomical resolution of supra/infra diaphragmatic lymph nodes and splenic deposits.


(a) Large swelling in the left ankle.


(b) X-ray left ankle revealed expansile osteolytic destruction of the body of talus extending to lower end of tibia and fibula with soft tissue involvement.


A; Widefield Optos imaging of the right eye of a patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease demonstrates a retinal hemangioblastoma in the superotemporal quadrant with associated dilated feeding and draining vessels.


B; Widefield fluorescein angiography of the right eye reveals fluorescein uptake and leakage from the hemangioblastoma with peripheral retinal nonperfusion in the superotemporal quadrant anterior to the tumor.


Optical coherence tomography of the right eye reveals intraretinal fluid extending from the hemangioblastoma towards the temporal macula.


Mucosal colored swelling of approximately 3 cm in diameter on the lingual aspect of mandible on the right side, extending from 32 to 44.


Swelling of approximately 3 cm in diameter on the lingual aspect of mandible on the right side, extending from 32 to 44.


IOPA shows a diffuse radiolucent area with scattered flecks of radiopacities at the apical region of 41-43.


Odontogenic epithelial cells arranged in the form of follicles and stellate reticulum like cells in the center which are surrounded by ectomesenchymal cells (4x).


tall columnar ameloblast like cells on the periphery with stellate reticulum like cells at the center and surrounded by condensed mesenchymal cells (10x).


Neoplastic odontogenic epithelium in the form of large follicles (10x).


Tall columnar ameloblasts like cells showing nuclear palisading, reversal of polarity and stellate reticulum like cells (40x).


Dense ectomesenchymal cells present in the connective tissue stroma (40x).


large masses of dysplastic dentin arranged in a haphazard pattern. (10x).


Irregular masses of dysplastic dentin, areas of calcification and stromal connective tissue(10x).


Cervical computed tomography scan in axial view displaying a right cervical mass of 27.5x17.5 mm. P denotes posterior, L denotes left.


Orbital magnetic resonance imaging in the left eye shows a circumscribed lesion in suprachoroidal space (a).


High hypercaptation of lesion under gadolinium contrast (b).


Circular genome diagrams of the patient. The outer circle (outside the green circle) represents the structure and scale of the chromosome. The middle circle indicates the somatic variation, in which, its Y-axis represents the allelic fraction (AF) value of each locus. 0 is the minimum and 1 is the maximum. The inner circle represents copy number variation (CNV). Orange color indicates deletion; green color indicates amplification, and blue color indicates neutral.


Clinical course of the case.


Chest roentgenogram shows bilateral diffuse micronodular opacities.


Histopathology shows malignant glands and papillary structures with psammoma bodies and cells with classic papillary thyroid carcinoma nuclear features (H&E, 400x magnification).


TTF1 immunohistochemistry labels the neoplastic cells (400x magnification).


(a) Left leg with multiple subcutaneous swellings and few ulcerated nodules.


(b) Axial computed tomography: Homogeneously enhancing relatively hypodense left suprarenal mass with loss of fat plane in anterior pararenal space.


(c) Axial computed tomography: Heterogeneously enhancing left inguinal lymph nodal mass.


Preoperative view of the lesion.


Intraoral periapical radiograph.


Preoperative orthopantogram.


Chest radiograph with no evidence of secondary malignancy.


Postoperative view Figure.


Postoperative orthopantogram.


Clinical photograph of I. O lesions.


Orthopantomogram of the patient showing patchy radiolucency with irregular margins in the left anterior region extending as poorly defined radiolucency into the body of mandible region.


H & E stained sections in x5 magnification showing diffuse presence of round cells in deep connective tissue.


H & E stained sections in x10 magnification showing diffuse presence of two different morphologies of cell populations in deep connective tissue.


H & E stained sections in x40 magnification showing diffuse presence of two different morphologies of cell populations in deep connective tissue.


Cytokeratin-high molecular weight negative staining of the tissue cells.


Cytokeratin 7 negative staining of the tissue cells.


P63 mild positivity of tumor tissue cells.


(a): Panoramic view of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections of cystectomy specimen showing a highly infiltrative neoplasm through the vesical muscular wall (40x).


(b): H&E high power view analysis of cystectomy (200x) with invasive carcinoma in muscular propria and intratumoral lymphocyte infiltration.


(c): H&E analysis of metastatic lymph node with carcinoma (200x).


(d): IHC with strong and diffuse positivity for PD-L1 22C3.


Wright-stained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid smears. . Notes: (A-D) Arrows indicate extracellular "tachyzoites", also known as "trophozoites", which can be propagated within the nucleated cells. No intracellular parasites are present. Magnification x1,000.


Macroscopic tumour: an 8 cm tumour with a myometrial infiltration of more than 50%, reaching the uterine serosa B).


E 20x: Solid tumoural nests are observed, consisting of small cells with limited cytoplasm.


The main milestones of the proband's medical history. Reconstructed by the patient's reports and medical records.


The endomyocardial biopsy of the right ventricle (10-50 micron scale). Hematoxylin eosin staining showed: the endocardium is thin. Cardiomyocytes with foci of enlightenment in the perinuclear zone, disarray, with homogenization of the cytoplasm. In individual cardiomyocytes, there are foci of myolysis with the formation of voids in the cytoplasm. Microvessels with red blood cell sludge phenomenon, sclerosed walls, proliferation of endothelial cells, stenosis of the lumen and single perivascular lymphohistiocytic cells. There are minor hemorrhages, mild sclerosis. Staining of congo red (in non-polarized and polarized light), Perls reaction, the PAS reaction are a negative.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. Brain computed tomography (CT) scan without contrast.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. CT scan with contrast.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. Axial T2 weighted.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. Axial T1 weighted without contrast.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. Postcontrast axial T1 weighted.


Preoperative brain neuroimaging showing an extra-axial vascular mass lesion involving the right cerebellopontine angle (CPA) with associated venous anomaly. MR angiography. Double arrow: associated venous anomaly, arrow: sinusoid pools in the site of the lesion in the right CPA, asterisk: small intraparenchymal hematoma in the site of VP shunt insertion.


Intraoperative views showing:. The gross appearance of the extra-axial lesion in the cerebellopontine angle.


Dissection of the trigeminal nerve, and ,the facial/vestibule-cochlear complex.


Dissection of the lower cranial nerves and posterior inferior cerebellar artery.


(d) Early postoperative brain magnetic resonance imaging showing total resection of the lesion. 5: Trigeminal nerve, 7/8: Facial/vestibulocochlear complex, LCN: Lower cranial nerves, PICA: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery.


Tanycytic ependymoma. (a) T2-axial MRI showing a hyperintense lesion in the left CPA with extension into the internal auditory canal.


Tanycytic ependymoma. The same lesion in axial.


Tanycytic ependymoma. Coronal. Views on T1-weighted MRIs. Postgadolinium enhancement showing a homogenously enhancing lesion extending from the ICA into the left CPA. There are clear mass effect shown on the brainstem and absence of hydrocephalus.


Dynamic computed tomography of the spleen. A gradually enhancing mass (65 x 65 x 55 mm) is observed in the spleen (arrow). No radial visualization of the inside of the tumor is observed. A; Simple phase.


Dynamic computed tomography of the spleen. A gradually enhancing mass (65 x 65 x 55 mm) is observed in the spleen (arrow). No radial visualization of the inside of the tumor is observed. B; Arterial phase.


Dynamic computed tomography of the spleen. A gradually enhancing mass (65 x 65 x 55 mm) is observed in the spleen (arrow). No radial visualization of the inside of the tumor is observed. C; Portal vein phase.


Dynamic computed tomography of the spleen. A gradually enhancing mass (65 x 65 x 55 mm) is observed in the spleen (arrow). No radial visualization of the inside of the tumor is observed. D; Equilibrium phase.


Chest X-ray showing massive left side pleural effusion and right upper zone nodular opacity (small air pocket in left apex is due to previous aspiration).


Cytological examination of the pleural fluid showing numerous atypical plasma cells with binucleate forms and plasmablasts.


(a) Computed tomography scan of the chest with contrast showing bilateral effusion with pleural infiltration, right upper lobe involvement, soft tissue lesion in the posterior mediastinum.


(b) Computed tomography scan of the abdomen showing lytic lesions in pelvis and sacrum.


Bone marrow biopsy showing extensive replacement of marrow by sheets of atypical plasma cells, with binucleate and plasmablasts.


Preoperative imaging (a) coronal T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a hyperintense mass measuring 2.4 x 2.6 x 1.9 cm in the sellar and suprasellar region.


(b) Coronal T1-weighted MRI shows a hyperintense mass with a hypointense, nonenhancing nodule.


Postcontrast T1-weighted MRI in the axial.


Sagittal. Planes shows a heterogeneously enhancing mass.


Preoperative imaging noncontrast computed tomography image in sagittal.


Axial. Planes shows a sellar mass extending into the suprasellar region. No calcifications are seen in the lesion.


Intraoperative imaging intraoperative images of tumor texture and behavior, including. Motor oil drainage.


Thick, fibrous cystic capsule.


Cholesterol granuloma.


Adhesion to the optic chiasm.


Postoperative imaging postcontrast axial T1-weighted image in sagittal.


Coronal. Planes shows gross total resection of the tumor with decompression of the optic chiasm. The residual fat graft is noted in the inferior portion of the resection cavity (yellow star). The orange arrow in Figure 4a shows the placement of the Medpor graft, and the green arrow points to the layering of the pedicled nasoseptal flap for a multilayered closure.


Beta-catenin stain beta-catenin immunostaining at x100 demonstrating dense fibrous walled cyst with squamous cells.


Panoramic radiograph showing well defined periradicular radiolucency.


Axial T1-weighted image shows hypointense, lobulated contour lesion (arrow) within the confluens sinuum.


Axial T2-weighted image demonstrates lesion is hyperintense relative to brain parenchyma.


Sagittal T2-weighted image indicates hyperintense lesion (arrow) extending from confluens sinuum through the superior sagittal sinus and scallop-shaped area of erosion in the neighboring bone.


Sagittal magnetic resonance venography maximum intensity projection image revealing obvious venous flow, which divided into 2 channels around filling defect (arachnoid granulation), and joined distally.


External clinical photograph. Cystic mass in the upper lip.


Fine-needle aspiration cytology showing many anucleated squames and few benign nucleated squamous cells in a dirty background (May-Grunwald-Giemsa, x100).


Magnetic resonance imaging T2.


Sagittal view.


Axial view. Coronal view. It evidence lesion type C T8-T9.


Computer tomography Scan.


Medical image.


Infected surgical wound. Placement of negative pressure treatment.


Radiography of thoracic spine.


Radiography of thoracic spine. Anterior - Posterior view. Lateral view. It observe correct placement of pedicle screws without signs of misplacement or vertebral lysis.


X-ray skull was normal showing no bony lesion or lytic lesion. Inset (upper left) demonstrates the occipital swelling of the case.


Cytological smear showing cohesive clusters and scattered single meningothelial cells having indistinct cytoplasmic borders, round to oval nuclei and inconspicuous nucleoli. Inset (lower left) exhibits a psammomatous calcification. (Leishman-Giemsa, x400).


Section showing immunostaining positivity for epithelial membrane antigen in meningothelial cells (x100).


Lesion at presentation as erythematous friable papule, measuring 1 cm in diameter, on the right half of the lower lip.


5 days after suture removal of the partially excised lesion when a two cycles of cryotherapy was done.


After one week of topical salt use, the lesion was markedly reduced in size and became a small papule.


Complete resolution of the lesion after two weeks of topical salt.


Timeline of the clinical course.


Skull film, lateral projection showed a rounded osteolytic lesion with a nonsclerotic rim in the left parietal bone.


Lesion manifested as a mass in hard palate.


CT scan of the lower abdomen.


Leptomeningeal enhancement involving brain and cervical spinal cord.


Ill defined granuloma with multinucleated giant cells (arrow) and bone fragments, HE staining, 4x.


(a) A dome-shaped pearly white nodule on the right areola adjacent to the nipple. (b) Photomicrograph showing a cyst lined with stratified squamous epithelium and the lumen was filled with keratinous material (H and E, x40).


(a) A well-defined, pearly white nodule on the right nipple. (b) Photomicrograph revealed that the cyst wall was lined with stratified squamous epithelium and its lumen filled with keratinous material (H and E, x40).


Orthopantomogram of the patient; asterix indicates the extent and nature of the radioluceny in between the apices of the right maxillary canine and lateral incisor. Inset shows the periapical radiograph of the area.


The lesional area after raising the semilunar flap. Note the shape of the lesion and bone overlying the cyst.


Total removal of the cystic content in toto.


Timeline.


(A) One of the two smaller trichilemmal cysts (TCs).


(B) Proliferating trichilemmal cyst (PTC) peroperative.


(C) PTC with an ulcerating center.


(D) Defect after removal of PTC.


(E) Closure with local fasciomusculocutaneous flaps.


(F) Small wound 6 months after primary closure.


(A) One of the two smaller TCs.


(B) PTC axial view.


(C) PTC coronal view.


(D,E) Macroscopy of the PTC.


(F) Macroscopic view of sliced PTC.


(G) Microscopy of PTC, depicting surface epithelia and a tumor process.


(H) Microscopy depicting the compact keratin and calcifications.


(I) Microscopy with squamous epithelial cells without a granular cell layer.


Preoperative axial noncontrast computed tomography image shows a heterogeneous intraventricular mass predominantly isodense to grey matter, with a right posterior hypodense component. There is left greater than right lateral ventricular hydrocephalus.


(a) Axial T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) shows a heterogeneous intraventricular lesion containing T2-hypointense components anteriorly and a cystic component at the right posterior aspect.


Postcontrast axial.


Coronal.


Sagittal. T1-weighted MRI sequences show a heterogeneously enhancing mass following intravenous contrast. The sagittal image also shows extension of the posterosuperior extent of the lesion in the undersurface of the posterior body of the corpus callosum.


Postoperative imaging. (a) Postcontrast axial T1-weighted image shows resolution of hydrocephalus with a small residual intraventricular enhancing mass consistent with sub-total resection.


Postoperative imaging. (b) Axial noncontrast head computed tomography scan shows postoperative pneumocephalus with residual tumor better seen on magnetic resonance imaging. A partially visualized shunt traversing the body of the left lateral ventricle is seen with resolution of previous hydrocephalus.


Postoperative imaging. (c) 6-month postcontrast axial T1-weighted image shows stable lesion with minimal enhancement.


Hyalinized vessels in glial component.


Vague neurocytic rosettes: ring-like arrangement of neurocytic tumor cells around eosinophilic core.


Ct-scan showing the invaginated tract containing a 24 mm mass.


H&E, 100x magnification: Ileal submucosal spindle cell proliferation.


H&E, 200x: hypercellular proliferation composed of spindle cells with nuclear atypia and intermingled moderate amount of inflammatory cells.


MDM2, 20x: immunohistochemistry against MDM2-antibody shows diffuse and intense nuclear reaction.


Incision of the right corpus cavernosum contributed to drainage of a large amount of pus.


(a) With repeated hemoptysis, investigation with high resolution computed tomography after a month (selected axial image) showed the left upper lobe mass is significantly enlarged (arrow).


(b) Selected coronal image of high resolution computed tomography could appreciate the ground glass halo around the enlarged lung mass (arrow).


A-C. Coronal CT reconstruction in early venous phase after i. V. Contrast application, depicting primary tumor and vascular extent.


Ultrasound images in Doppler mode highlighting hepatoatrial transition. As well as atrial dilation and movement of the sacciforme intravascular tumor extension over the tricuspid valve into the right cardiac ventricle All depicted images represent the initial diagnosis.


A. Intravascular tumor extensions along centimeter scale: * subhepatic VCI; ** intrahepatic VCI; *** intracardiac.


B. Dissected kidney along centimeter scale.


Clinical picture showing exophytic growth on lingual surface of mandibular lower left canine.


A photo micrograph showing variably sized blood vessel which were lined by plump endothelial cells.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. Non-contrast head CT image demonstrated a densely calcified mass (arrow) in the left temporal lobe.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. (a) Brain MRI T2/FLAIR image revealed a hypointense lesion (arrow) in the left temporal lobe.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. (b) Brain MRI T1-weighted image showed corresponding heterogeneous hypointense signal (arrow).


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. (c) Brain MRI post-contrast T1-weighted image further demonstrated irregular enhancement (arrow) in close association with the left middle cerebral artery.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. Hematoxylin and eosin stained tissue sample demonstrated. Innumerable.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. Confluent psammoma bodies (blue arrows) intimately associated with.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. Extensive fibrotic bundles (red asterisks) as well as. Perivascular proliferation of spindle cells (green arrows), which are characteristic findings of meningioangiomatosis.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. (a) Brain MRI T2 image revealed a CSF-filled hyperintense resection cavity (arrow) in the anterior left temporal lobe.


A 17-year-old woman with meningioangiomatosis presented with seizures and persistent headache and dizziness. (b) Brain MRI post-contrast T1-weighted image demonstrated irregular residual enhancement (arrow) intercalated with the middle cerebral artery consistent with residual disease.


Ultrasonographic and radiographic findings. (a) A relatively well-demarcated, lobulated, hypoechoic mass with mild heterogeneous echogenicity is noted, showing a focal, ill-defined border, suggesting the possibility of malignancy.


Ultrasonographic and radiographic findings. (b) Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealing focal fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the same lesion.


Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. T2 sequences show a small nodular mass (arrow) with a hypointense signal at the level of the major duodenal ampulla, measuring approximately 10.2 mm in its largest axis.


Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging. Pancreas divisum diagnosis, arrow 1 shows the ventral pancreatic duct, arrow 2 shows the dorsal pancreatic duct, and between those, the arrow 3 shows the common bile duct.


Macroscopy specimens of pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Pancreas divisum, arrow 1 shows the dorsal duct with a vegetative lesion (17.0 x 2.0 mm) extending to the major ampulla (star), arrow 2 shows the ventral duct, and ,the arrowhead shows a poorly defined densification area near the minor ampulla (5.0 mm).


Macroscopy specimens of pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy. Duodenal wall mass (12.0 mm).


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma of the major ampulla H&E. And CK7 IHC staining.


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the minor ampulla H&E.


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. And synaptophysin IHC staining.


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. Spindle cells in the gastrointestinal stromal tumor H&E.


Histological and immunohistochemical features of the synchronic gastrointestinal tumors by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. And DOG1 IHC staining. The histological sections stained are presented at x100 magnification and the right small squares represent x40 magnification.


Transversal CT scan. The yellow arrow indicates bowel in the obturator foramen.


Coronary CT scan. The yellow arrow indicates bowel in the obturator foramen.


Intraoperative finding. A segment of the small bowel was trapped in the obturator canal.


Laparoscopic management of the obturator hernia using an endoloop.


Intraoperative real-time ICG fluorescence angiography following bowel reduction. The left upper image demonstrates the laparoscopic mode; the middle image indicates the angiographic mode while the lower image indicates the fluorescence mode (corresponding to the enlarged image). Note the longitudinal discolouration in the middle of the anti-mesenteric bowel surface with lack of perfusion.


Real-Time ICG fluorescence image following anastomosis showing a well perfused anastomosis.


Cells arranged in 3D clusters. MGG.


40X) Microfilaria. MGG,40X).


Grey white to grey brown solid and cystic mass with multiloculated cystic cavities being filled with mucoid material and serous fluid.


Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images without.


With. Gadolinium demonstrating a 7-cm homogeneously enhancing left neck mass circumferentially encasing the left internal carotid artery, extending from C2 to C4.


Sagittal.


Axial. T2-weighted magnetic resonance images, again showing the left neck mass encasing the left internal carotid artery.


Mid-to-late arterial phase of a left common carotid artery injection before.


After coil embolization. Of the common, internal, and external carotid showing reduced vascularity of the mass.


(a) Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) stain at low-power magnification (x40) demonstrating lymph node hyperplasia with vascular proliferation magnification.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Front view shows the swelling extending from the right ramus (arrow black outline) crossing the midline up to the left parasymphysis region (solid black arrow) of the mandible.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Inferior profile view shows numerous tortuous veins (black arrows) owing to the stretching of the skin overlying the huge swelling.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Intraoral view reveals a swelling with bicortical expansion, obliterating the buccal sulcus, (arrow black outline) lobulations present lingually (solid black arrows) with displacement of mandibular and maxillary teeth (white arrows) on the right side.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Panoramic radiograph shows a single well-defined circular mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion on the right side of the mandible with displacement of the mandibular and maxillary teeth. Presence of a radiopaque mass in the center of the lesion (black arrow) with radiopaque streaks has the appearance of "driven snow".


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Axial view computed tomography scan shows a huge well-defined heterodense tumor mass on the right side of the mandible with the presence of a hyperdense irregular mass at the center of the lesion (black arrow).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Sagittal view computed tomography scan reveals a well-defined heterodense tumor mass with an irregular central hyperdense mass (black arrow) and expanded inferior border (white arrow) of the mandible without any perforation.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Coronal view computed tomography scan shows a well-defined heterodense tumor mass on the right mandible having a central irregular hyperdense mass (solid black arrow) with multiple irregular calcifications with a "snow flake" pattern (black outline arrows).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. A multidimensional computed tomography reconstruction using a hard tissue algorithm exhibits the extent of the well-circumscribed giant tumor (white arrow).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. A three-dimensional reconstructed profile image using a bone window exhibits the predominantly calcified well-defined tumor mass on the right side (white arrow) which has clearly spared the condyle (solid black arrow) and coronoid process (arrow black outline) on the affected side.


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin stained biopsy section (x20) shows epithelial cells in sheets and islands dispersed throughout the connective tissue matrix along with numerous circular ring like calcifiactions (black arrows).


38-year-old female patient with a huge swelling on the right side of the face diagnosed with calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor. Hematoxylin and eosin-stained biopsy section shows polygonal squamous epithelial cells exhibiting distinct intercellular bridges (black arrow) along with cellular and nuclear polymorphism (white arrows), and areas of irregular calcification and eosinophilic material.


A; Sagittal section of MRI of the brain showing destruction of the clivus by the clivus tumor.


B; Coronal section of the MRI of the brain showing destruction of the clivus by the clivus tumor.


C; Poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma of the neoplastic cells are arranged in groups surrounded by nonneoplastic lymphoid cell component. H&E. Magnification x200.


A; CT scan reveals enhancing mass lesion with central necrosis and peripheral edema in the left pons compressing the fourth ventricle.


A : Granulomatous inflammations with Cryptococcus yeasts in the macrophages and multinucleated giant cells (H&E, x200).


B : Many Cryp-tococcus yeasts capsules stained with mucicarmine (x200).


C : Methenamine silver stains reveal numerous Cryptococcus yeasts (x200).


Panorama radiographs, and ,standard radiographs (inlet square) after temporary root canal dressing material using Calcipex II, which was spilled into the periapical area.


Panorama and standard radiographs (inlet square) in one and half year. Some Calcipex II granules were gradually migrated into maxillary sinus through the mucoperiosteal space, although their radiopacity was reduced.


(A) Enhanced computed tomography (CT) image demonstrating a large mass replacing the lower part of the right kidney (star); the mass had invaded the perirenal space and Gerota's fascia (arrow).


(B) Enhanced CT image of the upper abdomen reveals a thrombus in the renal vein and inferior vena cava (arrow).


(A) Histological examination of the kidney demonstrates that the tumor mass had infiltrated the cortex and medulla (original magnification, x40).


(B) Small, round tumor cells with scanty cytoplasm and round nuclei (original magnification, x400).


(C) Neoplastic cells infiltrating blood vessels (original magnification, x400).


(D) Similar neoplastic cells in the tumor thrombus (original magnification x400). Staining, hematoxylin and eosin.


Immunohistochemical staining reveals that the tumor cells were positive for. Cluster of differentiation 99.


Friend leukemia integration 1.


Integrase interactor-1 (original magnification, x400).


Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis using a Vysis LSI EWSR1 Dual Color, Break Apart Rearrangement probe for 22q12 demonstrates the green and red probe breaking apart, confirming the Ewing's sarcoma breakpoint region 1 translocation.


MRI of the brain. (A) T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) coronal view shows hyperintensity in the right caudate, internal capsule, and putamen.


MRI of the brain. (B) T2/FLAIR axial view shows additional lesions involving left thalamus and lenticular nuclei.


MRI of the brain. (C) Diffusion-weighted imaging axial view shows three lesions with restricted diffusion. Arrows indicate CNS lesions.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. T2/fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) coronal.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. Axial. Views show size reduction of the pre-existing lesions in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and internal capsule.


MRI of the brain after 3 months of follow-up. (C) Diffusion-weighted imaging axial view showing no signal alteration. Arrows indicate CNS lesions.


T2-weighted. Sagittal magnetic resonance images. An intradural spinal tumor existed at the level of L1 vertebral body. The tumor appeared isointense on both T1-weighted and T2-weighted MR images. Peritumoral cyst was seen at the cranial and caudal sides.


T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance images, T12-L1 intervertebral disc level.


L1 vertebral body level Peritumoral cyst was evident.


T1 image with gadorinium MR image, sagittal view.


Axial views T12-L1 intervertebral disc level.


L1 vertebral body level Homogeneously enhanced and lobulated tumor was clearly seen.


(a) Intraoperative view when opening the dura matter. A reddish tumor associated with peritumoral cysts at both cranial and caudal sides was found.


(b) The tumor arose from the film terminale.


Intraoperative indocyanine green (ICG) videoangiography showing the tortuous feeding arteries from the both poles and the draining vein along the film terminale.


Histopathological findings of the tumor (HE stain). The tumor was composed of vacuolated stromal cells and small nucleus in a rich capillary network with several enlarged vessels.


Swelling on the thenar aspect of the right palm.


Magnetic resonance imaging (T2-weighted) showing a well-defined, sharply demarcated, heterogeneously hyperintense lesion.


(a) Intraoperative view of the lesion while dissection.


(b) Specimen after complete excision.


Image of the right hand after 3 weeks of surgical excision of the space-occupying lesion.


Tumor is composed of small, round cells with inconspicuous nucleoli and scanty cytoplasm, which are arranged in sheets or solid nests (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X400).


Tumor displays a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern. Rare residual breast ducts are also seen (Hematoxylin-Eosin staining, X100).


On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells show strong membranous staining for CD99 (CD99, X400).


Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron-emission tomography computed tomography maximum intensity projection.


Fused coronal.


Fused axial. Images. Images showed prostate-specific membrane antigen-avid lesions in the prostate and right testis.


A correlative ultrasonography of the scrotum showing a hypoechoic lesion in the right testis (d).


Fused axial. Images. Images showing a prostate-specific membrane antigen-avid lesion in the left testis.


A correlative ultrasonography of the scrotum showing a hypoechoic lesion in the left testis (d).


A 1.5 cm diameter nodule on left half of upper lip before excison.


FNAC: aggregates, acini and single scattered benign epithelial cells along with myoepithelial cells and chondromyxoid stromal fragments (Giemsa stain, x40). . Abbreviations: FNAC, fine needle aspiration cytology.


(A) FNAC smear showing sheet of myoepithelial cells with basophilic dense cytoplasm and central to eccentric, round to oval nuclei with bland chromatin (Giemsa stain, x200).


(B) Cluster of epithelial cells with scattered myoepithelial cells in a chondromyxoid background (Giemsa stain, x200). . Abbreviations: FNAC, fine needle aspiration cytology.


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. A; Colonoscopy detected a 20 x 16 mm white, flat, elevated lesion with a reddish nodule in the center of the mass.


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. B; Chromoendoscopy of crystal violet solutions showed mucus covering a wide-open pit (square yellow box).


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. C; Crystal violet solutions revealed mucus covering a dendritic structure (square blue box).


Endoscopic features of the lesion at the caecum. D; The central reddish nodule demonstrated an irregular glandular structure (square red box).


Whole body Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography maximum projection image shows uptake in primary prostate lesion and penile metastasis.


Sagittal computer tomography.


Positron emission tomography.


Positron emission tomography/computed tomography.


Maximum projection image , Gallium-68 prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computer tomography showing soft-tissue enhancing lesion in the prostate gland and corpora cavernosa thickening of penis with intense prostate-specific membrane antigen uptake suggesting metastasis.


(A) Multiple translucent skin-colored, bluish cystic lesions in periorbital distribution, cheeks, and zygomatic region.


(B) Unilocular cyst lined by two layers of flattened cuboidal epithelium without any evidence of decapitation in lining cells (hematoxylin and eosin, x40 magnification).


(C) Whitish clod (yellow arrow) without crater seen on dermoscopy (nonpolarized mode, x170 magnification).


(D) Yellowish globules (blue arrow) with multiple telangiectasias (white arrow) seen on dermoscopy (polarized mode, x170 magnification).


Chest x-ray. Right diaphragmatic paresis and poorly inflated right lower lobe.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (A) The section shows muscle tissue (big arrow) of the diaphragm and granuloma (star) surrounded by adipose tissue (white arrow) close to the serosa (small arrow) of the pleura, at magnification 200x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (B) Granuloma (star) at magnification 400x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (C) Non-caseating granuloma consisting of Langerhans giant cells (big arrow) and epithelioid cells (small arrow), magnification 800x.


Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain of diaphragm sections. (D) Myositis with lymphocytic infiltrate (star) of the muscle tissue, already showing destruction of the muscle cells, magnification 800x.


Chest computed tomography scan. Bronchiectasis and multiple granular shadows are randomly distributed in the bilateral lobes, and consolidation in the lower left lobe is present.


Flow cytometric analysis of phosphorylationed STAT1 (pSTAT1) in monocytes after the stimulation with interferon-gamma (500 U/mL). The analysis gate was set in CD14+ cells. Blue areas indicate healthy adults (n = 3), whereas pink areas indicate the patient. Gray and purple areas indicate pSTAT1 in monocytes without interferon-gamma stimulation in healthy adults and the patient, respectively.


Gram-stain of bronchoalveolar lavage. Black arrows indicate capsulated Gram-negative large rod.


Multiplex PCR. The isolated strain possessed iutA, rmpA, entB, and mrkD.


X-ray right hand A-P pre operative showing osteolytic lesion in 3rd metacarpal.


Excision of the lesion and fibular grafting.


Imaging of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. (a) Contrast-enhanced arterial phase of computed tomography reveals a poorly defined mass with marked enhancement and inferior vena cava invasion.


Imaging of a hepatic perivascular epithelioid cell tumor. (b) Coronal reconstruction of venous phase contrast-enhanced computed tomography shows relatively washout of mass with unclear borders. Tumor thrombus in inferior vena cava is also seen clearly in coronal multidetector computed tomography image.


Axial T1-weighted.


Fat-suppressed T2-weighted. Magnetic resonance imaging images demonstrate T1-isointense, T2 and fat-suppressed T2-hyperintense mass component of liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumor in vena cava inferior.


Postgadolinium fat-suppressed axial arterial phase (a), and coronal venous phase images demonstrate a large liver perivascular epithelioid cell tumor that marked heterogeneous enhancement in arterial phase, and washout in venous phase with prominent invasion of inferior vena cava.


Tumor thrombus is markedly seen in late venous phase (b).


Diffusion-weighted image of perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (black arrow). Marked diffusion restriction of malign perivascular epithelioid cell tumor is seen as hypointense signal change on apparent diffusion coefficient map.


(a) Giant earlobe epidermoid cyst.


(b) Giant epidermoid cyst resection and content.


Optical coherence tomography showing an area with subretinal fluid leakage.


Fluorescein angiography showing the presence of significant pigment epithelial detachment in the perifoveal capillary network (venous phase) just before starting treatment with ranibizumab No polyps were observed.


C; Indocyanine green angiography performed 3 months later (after initial loading dose of ranibizumab 0.5 mg) showing 3 hyperfluorescent polyps in the superior papillary area of the right eye.


Optical coherence tomography at the follow-up visit 4 weeks after combination therapy with ranibizumab 0.5 mg and photodynamic therapy (right eye).


Optical coherence tomography performed 4 weeks after administration of the loading dose of aflibercept followed by half-fluence photodynamic therapy (right eye).


Anterior segment photograph at the first visit showing a totally detached retina in contact with the posterior surface of the lens. The peripheral retina could not be observed.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T1.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T2. Images taken 3 months before the first visit show a hyperintense lesion and a slightly hypointense lesion in the subretinal space, respectively.


MRIs taken at two different periods. Both T1.


MRIs taken at two different periods. T2. Images taken at the first visit show hyperintense lesions in the subretinal space. Tumor structure is not observed in the eye.


Fundus photograph of the right eye during the first operation under perfluoro-n-octane. Dilated retinal vessels, numerous microaneurysms, and intra- and subretinal exudates became visible.


Fundus photograph of the right eye during the second operation under perfluoro-n-octane. The amount of exudates were reduced.


Fundus photos of the initial visit of the right eye.


Fundus autofluorescence of the initial visit of the right eye.


Late-phase fluorescein angiography of the initial visit of the right eye.


Left eye.


Left eye. Showed absence of the normal foveal hypoautofluorescence.


Left eye. Showed diffuse leakage.


Horizontal sections of optical coherence tomography on the initial visit showed a large foveal cyst in the right eye.


Horizontal section of optical coherence tomography on follow-up showed a decrease in the size of cavitation due to "collapse" of the roof in the right eye.


A defect of the cone outer segment and ellipsoid zone in the left eye.


Partial resolution of the initial defects in the ellipsoid zone and outer segments of the photoreceptors of the left eye.


Optical coherence tomography angiogram showed vascular remodeling and capillary plexus thinning in the inner retinal layers (right eye,. Left eye.


Retinal vessels are noted in the normally avascular outer retina (right eye.


Middle retinal layers (right eye.


Temporal to the fovea.


Bilateral necrosis of the patient's lower extremities involving the pedal and tibial area with some areas of the thighs affected.


Bilateral Autoamputation of the patient's lower extremities showing both tibial stumps with exposed bones surrounded by dry necrotic tissue.


X-Ray of the Patient's Lower Extremities showing no signs of bone and surrounding inner soft tissue destruction.


The patient's Lower Extremities after debridement.


Computed tomography scan of abdomen (axial section) showing a right iliopsoas abscess.


T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (coronal section) showing right iliopsoas abscess.


T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen (coronal section) showing right iliopsoas abscess.


Intraoperative mucinous material mixed with pus from psoas muscle.


Mandibular occlusal radiograph showing expansion of the cortical plates.


Axial CT image of the mandible showing cortical expansion and thinning.


Postoperative panoramic radiograph, 1 year after curettage, showing no recurrence.


Anterior view of patient s face and body.


Lateral view of patient s face and body.


Brain MRI - Increased signal in T2-weighted images in the withe matter territories adjacent to the lateral ventricles bodies and subcortical zone.


Brain MRI - Increased signal in FLAIR images in the withe matter territories adjacent to the lateral ventricles bodies and subcortical zone.


EEG showing non specific slow background activity, as well as no epileptiform discharges.


Immunohistochemical study proved to be positive for CD68. Immunophenotyping confirms the histiocytic lineage through an overexpression of the CD68 antigen.


Immunohistochemical study showing atypical histiocytic proliferation, diffuse proliferation of large cells with irregular nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli and abundant cytoplasm.


Gray white tumor with pushing borders and with tiny cystic spaces filled with gray brown material.


Initial 9 cm right renal cyst.


Paracolonic cystic lesion (white arrow) along the ascending colon in relation to recurrent right renal mixed epithelial stromal tumor cyst (red arrow).


Mesenteric multiloculated paracolonic mixed epithelial stromal tumor lesion (arrows).


Immunohistochemical stain of stroma is positive for estrogen receptor (x200).


Tc-99m glucohepatonate single-photon emission computed tomography done after 1 week of magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography. Single-photon emission computed tomography image.


Tc-99m glucohepatonate single-photon emission computed tomography done after 1 week of magnetic resonance-positron emission tomography. Fused single-photon emission computed tomography/ computed tomography. Acquired post-Tc-99m glucohepatonate injection showing uptake corresponding to the areas of enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (white arrow in a and black arrow in b). Note that the areas of gyral uptake seen on positron emission tomography images are no longer appreciated.


G-banded karyotype of the bone marrow cells showing t(9;14)(p24;q13).


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (A) CT scan before the treatment.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (B) Image of the best response of pembrolizumab therapy.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (C) Image of progression of pembrolizumab therapy and before atezolizumab therapy.


Computed tomography (CT) scans of the thorax of the patient. (D) Image of best response of atezolizumab therapy. CR, complete response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.


Clinical picture showing a diffuse extraoral swelling of size 4.5 cm x 3.5 cm present on the right side of the face (maxilla).


Intraoral picture showing erythematous growth on the right side of the maxilla extending from 14 to 17.


Radiograph revealing ill-defined radiolucency and significant bone loss on the right side of the maxilla.


Odontogenic epithelium in follicular pattern, few of the follicles showing stellate reticulum-like cells, along with increase in cellular atypia and mitotic activity.


CK19 was found to be positive.


Timeline of the diagnosis and treatment. M1, the mass adjacent to the left hilum; M2, the mass on the basal segment; chemo, chemotherapy; pembr, pembrolizumab; CA-125, carbohydrate antigen 125; CEA, carcino-embryonic antigen; i. V. , intravenously.


CT image showing homogeneously enhanced lesion in the scalp of occipital region.


CT bone window showing a minimal osseous gap in the midline but no intracranial extension of the lesion.


Excised specimen showing the giant lesion, of firm consistency and with no visible necrotic areas.


Photomicrograph of tissue taken from the lesion excised from the patient, showing characteristic spindle cells forming perivascular rosettes and staining with smooth muscle actin (SMA).


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; pseudo-papillary component with vessels surrounded by loosely cohesive cells.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; cystic pattern with large hemorrhagic changes and foamy cells.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; the neoplastic cells show nuclear immunolabelling for beta-catenin.


solid pseudopapillary neoplasm; diffuse intracytoplasmic dot-like imunoreactivity for CD99.


Clinical presentation of the patient. Body scheme showing the distribution of six cafe-au-lait macules (CALMs) (a).


Clinical presentation of the patient. Colonoscopy image showing multiple polyps in a section of the left hemicolon (b).


Clinical presentation of the patient. Representative CALMs from trunk, note the irregular (cost of Maine shaped) border.


Clinical presentation of the patient. And right hip.


MRI of the dorsolumbar region sagittal section, T1WI.


T2WI , demonstrates a large intradural extramedullary cystic lesion with multiple internal septations, having significant compression over spinal cord, conus medullaries, and cauda equine.


MR myelogram (c) showing variable extension into bilateral neural foramen.


MRI of the dorsolumbar spine, axial section T1WI.


T2WI , demonstrates that intensity is similar to that of CSF which is isointense in T1WI and hyperintense in T2WI.


Peroperative photograph demonstrated a large cystic lesion after laminectomy of D11, D12, L1, and L2.


En bloc removal of the cyst.


(a) Clinical image showing a tan-red exophytic, lobulated mass of the maxillary anterior facial gingiva.


(b) A separate, similar appearing smaller lesion was identified in the right maxillary vestibule.


Periapical radiograph showing no changes in the quality or quantity of bone and no evidence of odontogenic infections.


(a) Histopathologic image showing tumor cell nests completely effacing the lamina propria, (H&E, x40).


(b) These tumor nests were arranged in lobular aggregates separated by thin fibrous septae, (H&E, x100).


(c) On high power magnification, the cells displayed pink to vacuolated cytoplasm with vesicular nuclei and prominent nucleoli. Significant nuclear pleomorphism was present and the lesion demonstrated brisk mitotic activity, (H&E, x400).


Admission CT scan showing multiple intrahepatic abscesses (arrowhead). Axial.


Admission CT scan showing multiple intrahepatic abscesses (arrowhead). Coronal. Views are shown.


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). Immunohistochemical stains for tumor were negative (not shown) and no definite organisms were detected on H&E.


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). Or Gram-stained sections. (1,000x).


Microscopic examination showed fragments of neutrophil-rich debris (consistent with abscess) and liver parenchyma embedded in fibrous tissue (consistent with abscess wall). WS silver stain (c, d), however, revealed long rod-shaped bacteria, consistent with Fusobacterium sp. (arrowheads) (1,000x).


PET/CT scans of the patient. (A) Baseline. The fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptakes increased in multiple patchy shadows and massive consolidations of the bilateral lungs (SUVmax = 22.1), multiple partial bones (SUVmax = 19), multiple swelling lumbosacral nerve roots (SUVmax = 16), masses in the bilateral adrenal glands (SUVmax = 31.2), and a nodule (0.7 cm) between cervical rear muscles.


PET/CT scans of the patient. (B) Disease progression after first-line chemotherapy. The sizes and FDG uptakes of massive consolidations in the bilateral lungs increased with SUVmax of 31.5. FDG uptakes of other lesions decreased.


PET/CT scans of the patient. (C) The patient achieved a complete response after four cycles of sitilimab and chidamide. The SUVmax of lesions in the left and right lungs were 2.4 and 2.1, which indicated a Deauville score of 2.


Computed tomography (CT) scan of the neck showing lymphadenopathy.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. A) View of necrotic area and karyorrhectic debris (hematoxylin and eosin strain x 40).


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. B) CD68+ histiocytes.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. C) CD3+ T-Cells.


Histopathological findings of the lymph node. D) CD20+ B-cells.


Cytospin-processed smear of pleural fluid revealing uniformly dispersed haematolymphoid blasts intermixed with mesothelial cells (H&E x400).


Pathogen identification from cerebrospinal fluid sample using next-generation sequencing method. (A) The number of sequencing reads identified corresponding to Human polyomavirus 2 [also known as JC virus ] was 34; with genome coverage 35.1825.


Pathogen identification from cerebrospinal fluid sample using next-generation sequencing method. (B) Reads distribution of total DNA sequence in the CSF sample without human host.


Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Human polyomavirus. Human polyomavirus 2 AB103411 (in red) was the most similar strain in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patient.


Frontal view of the patient showing a well defined swelling on left side and diffuse swelling on the right side of the mandible.


Intra-oral photograph shows an expansile swelling of the mandible with complete bucco-lingual cortical plate expansion and lingually displaced teeth.


Orthopantomogram reveals a massive high density, mixed radiopaque-radiolucent lesion exhibiting cotton -wool appearance. Demarcation between the lesion and normal bone with bowing of the inferior border of mandible is appreciable.


Lower occlusal radiograph shows irregular bucco- lingual cortical plate expansion.


Posterior Anterior mandible view reveals an expansile mixed radiolucent radiopaque lesion extending from the ramus of left side to the right angle of the mandible.


F-18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography maximum intensity projection image of the patient showing hypermetabolism in the bilateral knee joint region and right pelvic region.


Fludeoxyglucose-avid fibrocavitatory changes in apical segment of the right lung upper lobe and nonfludeoxyglucose-avid cavitating groundglass density nodule in apicoposterior segment of the left lung upper lobe.


Hypermetabolic subcarinal lymph node (maximum standardized uptake value 4.2).


Hypermetabolic collection in the pericecal region along the base of the cecum (maximum standardized uptake value 4.0).


Effusion with fludeoxyglucose uptake in the right knee joint (maximum standardized uptake value 4.7). Fludeoxyglucose uptake in the left proximal tibia (maximum standardized uptake value 3.4).


(A) Transabdominal scan performed at 25 weeks 4 days in coronal plane: the cleft lip appeared as an anhecogenic area at the level of the left upper lip.


(B) Transverse section of fetal chest at 25 weeks 4 days: the red arrow pointed to the defect between the left atrium (LA) and the coronary sinus (CS).


(C) The three-vessel and tracheal (3VT) view at the upper mediastinum showed a supernumerary vessel to the left of the pulmonary trunk and arterial duct. The red arrow pointed to the persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) draining into the right atrium.


Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array results of the fetus: the red rectangle showed the deletion region of 1q23.3q31.2.


3D spoiled gradient-echo MRI image obtained at 55 min shows dilated lymphatics (arrow) reaching upto the groin.


(A and B) Histopathological findings of lung biopsy of right upper lobe, medium-sized vessels (arteries and veins) are rarely seen and are probably destroyed by the inflammation and replaced by scattered relatively small necrosis consisting of degenerating karyorrhectic neutrophils with basophilia and eosinophils with fibrinoid necrosis (probable foci of leukocytoclastic vasculitis). 8, there are small epithelioid granulomatous collections with occasional central small necrosis, and few multinucleated giant Langerhans-type cells are noted.


Cross section chest CT scan.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed multifocal cavity lesions, most prominent in the apices, consolidative volume loss greatest in upper zones, right greater than left.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed progressive airspace opacities and traction bronchiectasis in the right base with small right pleural effusion on the background of severe thick-walled cystic changes in the apices.


Coronal section chest CT scan. . Chest CT scan: revealed enlarged thick -walled cavities in the bilateral apices, worsening the cavitary lung disease.


Contrast-enhanced abdominal CT shows the presence of a partially septated giant cystic lesion measuring 20 x 11 x 13 cm in the abdominal cavity.


On magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, the pancreatic body lesion detected by the CT scan was depicted as high-intensity area on a T2-weighted image.


A distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy was performed. The cystic content was serous fluid of a dark, muddy color, suggesting previous bleeding.


On histopathological examination, the lining membrane had a papillary structure composed of cuboidal cells with round nuclei (a).


The cells stained PAS-positive.


Diastase PAS-negative , thus indicating the presence of glycogen. These findings led to the definitive diagnosis of SCN.


Extraoral view of the upper lip swelling.


Intraoral view of the lesion before enucleation.


Intrasurgical photograph of sebaceous cyst.


Formalin-fixed resected tissue.


Hemophagocytosis in the bone marrow. An activated macrophage engulfing blood cells; Papanicolaou's stain (oil immersion).


Leishmania sp. Amastigote in bone marrow aspiration; Papanicolaou's stain (oil immersion).


Thoracic radiography showed cardiomegaly, and computed tomography revealed a left lung mass with invasion of the heart and pleural effusion.


MRI showed a large mass surrounding the heart. The arrow indicates endocardial invasion of a lesional mass.


Preoperative axial T1-weighted.


Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery.


Diffusion-weighted.


Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted.


Magnetic resonance imaging shows a solid mass at the dorsal medulla oblongata The tumor shows prominent homogeneous enhancement with gadolinium.


(a-c) Three months after starting treatment, magnetic resonance imaging shows marked reductions in mass size on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted imaging (white arrows).


(d-f) All residual lesions have disappeared by the 1-year follow-up.


Wet mount examination of trophozoites of Balantidium coli.


Trichrome stained trophozoites of Balantidium coli.


Image of patient exhibiting edematous erythema, ulcer, and necrosis over the right nasal alae and upper lip.


Microscope image of biopsied lesion tissue showing numerous hyaline and septate hyphae with branches at acute angles scattered in the dermis (arrowhead) (periodic acid-Schiff, original magnification x 400).


Blood cell counts during hospitalization.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions:. Skin lesion in the form of multiple erythematous maculo-papular rash, over the upper limbs.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: , lower limbs.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: over the abdominal wall surrounding the umbilicus.


Clinical presentation of the case with IL12RB1 deficiency. Pictures were taken on different occasions: (D) A swelling is shown in the left groin, due to left inguinal lymphadenitis (arrowed).


CT scan showing the stent in the enlarged cyst.


A partially clogged stent.


Endoscopic view of stents. Purulent drainage is also seen.


Follow-up MRI showing only small residual collection.


A: T1 MRI demonstrating PVH in the left trigone.


B: T2 Coronal MRI status-post implantation of intracranial electrodes.


C: Dose plan for Case 1.


D: Axial T2 MRI showing left trigone PVH.


A: Coronal T2 MRI showing left trigone PVH.


B: CT scan demonstrating cerebral edema from radiation necrosis.


C: Dose plan for initial LINAC treatment for Case 2.


D: Dose plan for second LINAC treatment for Case 2.


Computed tomography scan images of. Whole chest.


Computed tomography scan images of. Enlarged scan of the tumor.


Immunohistological staining with. Hematoxylin, and ,eosin.


Anti-napsin A antibody.


Anti-cytokeratin AE1/AE3 antibody.


Anti-thyroid transcription factor 1 antibody (magnification, x20).


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. The signal intensities are homogeneously low in T1-weighted images.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. And high in T2-weighted images.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body.no enhancement is observed in T1-weighted images with a gadolinium contrast medium No extraosseous lesion or enlargement is observed.


Imaging findings in case 1. On MRI of the sacral spine, the tumorous lesion has clear margins and is enclosed by the S1 vertebral body. CT image demonstrates slight osteosclerosis throughout the tumorous lesion and no osteolytic changes in the vertebral body (D).


An image of CT-guided needle biopsy procedure in case 1. The vertebral tumor has been accessed through the sacroiliac joint to obtain a biopsy specimen.


Imaging findings in case 2. On MRI of the sacral spine, the signal intensities of the tumorous lesion are homogeneously low in T1-weighted images and high in T2-weighted images, and no enhancement is observed in fat-suppression T1-weighted images with a gadolinium contrast medium in the S2 vertebral body (A-C).


Imaging findings in case 2. CT image demonstrates slight osteosclerosis throughout the tumorous lesion and no osteolytic changes (D).


Pre-operative chest X-rays of the patient (not intubated). Widening of the superior mediastinum with early left lower-lobe patchy
infiltrates and right lung upper-lobe early herniation to the left.


Bronchoscopy showing narrowing of the left main bronchus.


Patient intubated, rotated, left-lung early collapse consolidation
and middle lobe consolidation.


Middle mediastinal cystic mass lesion. Displacing and compressing
the airway and the oesphagus.


Atresia of left bronchus due to chronic mass effect.


Middle mediastinal cystic mass with mass effect on the superior
vena cava and trachea and with associated anterior displacement of the
anterior mediastinum, left lung collapse and right lung compensatory
hyperinflation.


Right lung hyperinflation with multiple diffuse patchy infiltrates
suggestive of infection and early consolidation.


Solitary erythematous, slightly verrucous nodule, 3 cm in diameter, arising on a yellowish, verrucous plaque measuring 3 x 6 cm on the left frontoparietal scalp.


Histopathologic findings demonstrate mild epidermal papillomatosis associated with increased sebaceous gland and abortive hair follicles. HE. Original magnification x100.


Enhanced CT. . Notes: This enhanced CT shows a 13 cm right renal tumor that invades the pancreas (arrows), duodenum (arrowheads), and inferior vena cava (asterisk). The second part of the duodenum shows stenosis because of the protruding right renal tumor. . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


PET scan. . Notes: Scan shows accumulation of FDG in the right renal tumor (arrows). Maximum SVU is >40. . Abbreviations: PET, positron emission tomography; FDG, fluorine-18-deoxyglucose; SUV, standardized uptake value.


Esophagogastroduodenoscopy image. . Note: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy reveals a red sessile tumor protruding into the second part of the duodenum (arrows), corresponding to the findings of CT (Figure 1). . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


Enhanced CT at 5 weeks after starting treatment with axitinib. . Notes: Tumor degeneration is observed (black triangle). The lumen of the second part of the duodenum (arrowheads) is wider, due to tumor shrinkage compared with the pretreatment state. Three arrows show the head of the pancreas, and the asterisk shows inferior vena cava. . Abbreviation: CT, computed tomography.


Macroscopic view of resected tissue. . Notes: (A) Shows necrotic tissue.


Macroscopic view of resected tissue. (B) Shows sarcomatoid tissue invading pancreas (arrows).


Changes in right visual acuity and frequency of ocular attacks during treatment. . Notes: Visual acuity remained at 1.0, and no ocular attacks occurred after switching to adalimumab. Black arrowheads indicate the timing of ocular attacks. *The frequency of attacks was converted into an annual frequency. Data in parentheses indicates the actual frequency of attacks during representative treatments.


(bottom) CT shows a large mass that occupies the entire true pelvis. The rectum is markedly compressed. An arrow marks a separate sarcoma nodule at the dome of the bladder.


(top) CT shows a multilobulated mass greater on the left than the right. It is immediately adjacent to pelvic peritoneum on the right and covers the rectosigmoid junction on the left. It pushes the uterus superiorly.


Left arm, antecubital area, discrete, multiple well-demarcated, edematous, erythematous papules and plaques.


Face, frontal view. Leonine facies: Diffuse skin infiltration, multiple nodular lesions.


Histopathology, skin biopsy, taken from left arm. H&E staining 200 x magnification showing non-caseating granulomatous dermatitis.


Trends in WBC, serum creatinine, and albumin-corrected calcium over 10 hospital days. There is sustained improvement in WBC, creatinine, and calcium levels after administration of oral prednisone, as noted on hospital day 6.


16 contact lead spinal cord stimulator trial placed in the T8-T9 epidural space.


Lateral thoracic X-ray image showing permanent paddle lead placement in the thoracic interspaces.


Brain magnetic resonance image showing leptomeningeal/periventricular enhancement, but no mass lesion.


Actively dividing primary effusion lymphoma cells (DQ stain; original magnification x600).


Cytospin showing LNA-1 (human herpesvirus-8) positive tumor cells (immunocytochemistry; x400).


Flow cytometric analysis showing that large lymphocytes (red), 2.1% of the total population, were (a) CD20 negative, CD19 dim positive, and (b) CD38 positive (blue: B-cells, grey: Other lymphoid cells including T-cells and NK-cells).


Preoperative physical examination. The swelling was elastic and hard. There was no scar and no central punctum.


Intraoperative photograph (arrow: antebrachial interosseous membrane). The cystic mass was covered by a thick white capsule and its bottom was adjacent to the antebrachial interosseous membrane. There was no scarring around the fascia.


Histopathological findings (hematoxylin-eosin staining, original magnification x 100) upper arrow: squamous epithelium lining, lower arrow: keratin collections. The cyst wall was composed of stratified squamous epithelium with abundant keratin. There were no hair tissue structures or atypical cells.


Necrotic tissues of the patient in case report 2.


For the patient in the second case report, most of the scrotal skin and all of the penis skin were removed; this externalized the testes, epididymides, and cavernosa corpora.


Smears from breast mass showing abundant mucin and monomorphic large cells with eccentric nuclei (Pap, x400).


Chest radiography showed a cardiothoracic ratio of 66 % with cardiac enlargement and bilateral pleural effusions, which were greater on the right. Lung lesions were not clearly visible.


Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography scan confirmed the ultrasound findings and showed mass effect on the superior vena cava, which was significantly narrowed. The inside of the tumor could not be clearly visualized on contrast-enhanced imaging; neither fatty nor calcified components were observed.


Microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides of the tumor specimen showed no pattern or any specific tissue architecture at low magnification (A), indicating an undifferentiated malignant tumor.


In addition, highly deformed nuclei were found on high magnification (B).


Immunostaining was positive for vimentin (C).


Crusted VZV lesions (sacrum) and reddish-blue painful lesion on left buttock.


Chest X-Ray showing pulmonary infiltrates and cardiomegaly.


Echocardiography showing prolapse of mitral valve (arrow).


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Multiple white spots are seen in the gastric fornix.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. And body.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Magnifying endoscopy observation.


Endoscopic images of Case 1. Blue laser imaging. Show deposition of slightly elevated, round, white substance and microvasculature on its surface, which are consistent with reported features of white globe appearance.


Pathology images of Case 1. Biopsied specimen reveals cystic dilatation of the gastric fundal gland that had a 400 mum diameter (a, b).


Pathology images of Case 1. Parietal cell protrusion is also noted. Arrows) along with dilated duct. Asterisk).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Multiple white spots are identified in the gastric fornix. Arrows).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Body. Post-indigo carmine spraying).


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Magnifying endocopy observation.


Endoscopic images of Case 2. Blue laser imaging. Show small, round, white deposits.


Pathology images of Case 2. The biopsied specimen shows cystic dilatation of the gastric fundal gland of approximately 600 mum diameter (a, b).


Pathology images of Case 2. Parietal cell protrusions and dilated glands forming microcysts are also seen (c).


Radiographic findings. (A) CT image of the lower abdomen showing a poorly delineated, partially necrotic tumor in the ileocecal region with a maximum diameter of 9.6 cm.


Radiographic findings. (B) CT scan of the upper abdomen demonstrating hepatic metastases in segments II, VII, and VIII with a maximum diameter of 2.6 cm (segment VI not visible in this image plane).


Radiographic findings. (C) Follow-up examination 24 months later showing subtotal regression of the metastases in segments VII and VIII and total regression of the lesion in segment II.


Clinical photograph of the patient did not reveal any facial asymmetry.


Orthopantomogram showing radiolucent lesion involving left mandibular ramus (white arrow head) with fine septations and soap bubble appearance.


Noncontrast bone window settings showing expansile lytic lesion with cortical thinning involving the left mandibular ramus.


Sagittal reconstructed computed tomography image showing tortuous arterial feeders (yellow arrow) from left external carotid artery supplying the enhancing mandibular arteriovenous malformation (AVM; white arrow).


CT angiography axial image showing arterial feeders (yellow arrow) from external carotid and tortuous venous channels associated with enhancing AVM (white arrow).


Axial chest contrast-enhanced CT image showing the largest detected axillary lymph node measuring 4 cm in its greatest dimension (arrow).


Light microscopy appearance of an excised lymph node transverse section showing altered general architecture due to presence of lymphoid cells of variable size and irregular shape arranged in follicle-like groups with lymphoid proliferation centers (arrowheads) and pseudogranulomas (arrows) (hematoxylin-eosin staining, 100 x).


Histopathologic findings in a lymph node consistent with specific granulomatous inflammation: pseudogranuloma (asterisk) with homogeneous structure surrounded by lymphohistiocytic infiltration (arrow) and a forming connective tissue pseudocapsule (arrowhead) (hematoxylin-eosin staining, 200 x).


A; An illustration of the supernumerary motor phantom limb (SPL) drawn by the patient himself.


B; An illustration of the SPL drawn by the therapist according to the patient's statement.


Clinical intraoral image of the exophytic lesion in relation to lingual area.


Clinical intraoral image. The lesion was pedunculated involving the lingual mucogingival line and inserted on the keratinized mucosa.


Fundus image of the right eye showing pars plana cyst temporally from 8:30' to 9:30'.


Fundus image of the left eye showing pars plana cyst temporally from 2:30' to 3:30'.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. Complete metabolic response to crizotinib as indicated by 18F-FDG-PET/CT scans before.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. And after 4.5 months of treatment.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. Partial response according to RECIST 1.1 criteria: tumor shrinkage from 33 to 13 mm before.


Response to treatment. Primary tumor in the left lower lobe. And after 4.5 months of crizotinib.


FNAC smear showing microfilaria in the background of degenerated inflammatory cells (Giemsa, x100).


Echocardiogram performed on the first day in hospital. A movable mass (large white arrow, 23.7mmx14.9mm) can be seen on the anterior mitral leaflet (small white arrow), and this caused the valve annulus to adhere to the valve leaflet.


(A) Sagittal FLAIR MRI sequence showing cerebral atrophy with a frontotemporal predilection and post-ischemic hyperinsities in the white matter.


(B) Axial FLAIR MRI sequence showing asymmetry of frontotemporal atrophy with left-side predominance. FLAIR, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging.


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (A) Diffuse brain atrophy with the compensatory dilatation of the lateral and third ventricles; the atrophy was most pronounced in the frontotemporal regions, particularly in medial temporal lobes.


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (B) Lewy bodies in the neurons of the amygdala (HandE, magnification 400x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (C) Lewy bodies, dystrophic Lewy neurites and dots in the amygdala (alpha-syn 5G4, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (D) Neurofibrillary tangles and threads in the hippocampus (AT8, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (E) beta-amyloid deposits in the hippocampus (beta-amyloid, magnification 200x).


Macroscopic and microscopic findings of histopathological examination of brain tissue. (F) Plaques in the frontal cortex (AgNOR, magnification 100x).


Lesion surgical enucleation and extraction of tooth 26.


Specimen for histopathological analysis tooth 26.


(a) Histological features of the biopsy specimen showing cellular connective tissue and presence of multiple islands and strands of odontogenic epithelium (Hematoxylin-eosin stain; original magnification x400).


(b) Immunohistochemical reaction for AE1/AE3 : positive staining for odontogenic epithelium (original magnification x400).


The figure shows a TEE long axis view of the aortavalve and ascending aorta. The arrow denotes the vegetation on the bicuspid valve.


Interdigital pilonidal sinus of the right hand third web space.


(a) Histological examination in the first patient revealed a sinus tract, and multiple broken hair shafts. The sinus was surrounded by benign squamous epithelium, acute, and chronic inflammatory cells with foreign body giant cells. X40), (b) Histological examination in the second patient showed a sinus tract with multiple broken hair shafts, and . Foreign body type granulomas. X40).


Ultrasound of the left breast centered on the palpable lump showing an oval, heterogeneous lesions with smooth borders.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T2-weighted MR image with fat saturation (A), the lesion demonstrates a heterogeneous appearance with areas of low and high signal.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T1-weighted MR image (B), the lesion shows a more homogeneous appearance with a hyposignal.


MRI showing the mass on the left breast with lobulated appearances. On T1-weighted MR image with gadolinium and fat saturation (C), the mass demonstrates a heterogeneous enhancement, with a polylobulated appearance. No lymphadenopathies are seen.


Extraoral swelling.


Intraoperatively showing two cystic swellings delivered via the submandibular approach.


Specimen measuring 3 cm x 2 cm.


Cheesy material inside the swelling.


Histopathological slides.


MRI of bilateral breast lumps- 3.8 x 3.5 x 3 cm irregular speculated mass in left breast (Suspicious of malignancy), 2.3 x 1.5 cm well defined mass lesion in right breast (less than 6% malignant probability).


Benign ductal epithelial cell cluster (Pap, x100).


Lesion with bare bipolar nuclei in the background (MGG, x400).


Medical image.


Clusters of cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and prominent nucleoli (MGG, x400).


Digital X-ray KUB showed a large soft tissue density in right lumbar region with loss of right psoas shadow, blurring of preperitoneal fat planes, displaced bowel loops and mild scoliosis of spine.


Fine needle aspirate smear shows lipid laden macrophages and few haemosiderin laden macrophages consistent with the diagnosis of Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (Haematoxylin and eosin; x40).


(a) Computed tomography (CT) head (axial view).


(b) CT head (sagittal view).


(c) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain (coronal view).


(d) MRI brain (sagittal view).


(e) MRI brain (axial view).


A pre-operative electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 75 beats per minute and p mitrale (noted by the negative q wave deflection of more than 1 mm in the lead V1, suggestive of left atrial enlargement).


Axial CT Scan of Left Lower Extremity. Arrowhead demonstrates discrete intramuscular fluid collection with the largest focus centered in the vastus lateralis.


Coronal CT Scan of Left Lower Extremity. Arrowhead demonstrates discrete intramuscular fluid collection with the largest focus centered in the vastus lateralis.


Lumbar computed tomography scan: hyperdense lesion, suggestive of a calcified tumor.


Intraoperative image: intradural calcified lesion.


Transversal section of the abdominal CT scan revealed an inhomogeneous round tumor of 73 x 61 mm with sharp margins and with hypodense fatty components and enhancing soft tissue.


Laparotomy showed a 10-cm-large tumor, which was completely resected.


Histological section with HE staining of the resected myofibroblastic tumor showing spindle cell proliferation, fibrotic lymph node involvement and central necrosis. Magnification x5,000.


The axial T2WI image shows a small strip of a hypersignal lesion near the left lateral ventricle (A).


The lesion presented hyperintensity on FLAIR.


No significant diffuse obstruction on DWI.


No significant enhancement (D) was observed in the GD-DTPA enhanced sequence.


Preoperative intraoral findings. . A: Upper dentition (occlusal view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . B: Lower dentition (occlusal view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . C: Front teeth (front view).


Preoperative intraoral findings. . D: Left-side view of molar occlusal status. Planned implant site indicated with an asterisk.


Preoperative radiographic findings. . A: Periapical radiographof the planned implant site. Arrowheads indicate the borders of an irregularly-shaped radiolucency.


Preoperative radiographic findings. . B: Panoramic radiograph, with an irregularly-shaped radiolucency (arrowheads) also visible.


3D-microCT images of the alveolar biopsy sample. . Left to right: microCT images, with the sample being successively rotated approx. 60 degrees clockwise each time. . CB: cortical bone; TB: plate-like trabeculae.


Microphotograph showing cohesive clusters of oncocytes with granular, eosinophilic cytoplasm and central pyknotic nuclei in a clear background (1a: MGG,x400; 1b: H and E, x400).


Post contrast sagittal image of lumbo sacral spine showing a cystic lesion at D12-L1 level with enhancement of cyst wall.


T2W sagittal image of spine showing a hyperintense cystic lesion at D12 - L1 level with hypointense cyst wall.


Intra-operative image after performing laminectomy at D12- L1 level. The lesion appears predominantly cystic but the walls are densely adherent to the surrounding nerve rootlets.


Histopathology image of cyst wall showing pseudostratified lining with goblet cells.


Cilia.


Cytologic smears. (A) Isolated mononucleated and binucleated cells, some with cytoplasmic granules (Wright stain, x400).


Cytologic smears. (B) Amyloid-like materials (Wright stain, x400).


Cytologic smears. Round cells with multiple Auer rods in the cytoplasm (arrow). Wright stain, x400.


Cytologic smears. . Wright stain, x1000).


Histologic section. Sheets of neoplastic cells with stippled chromatin and amyloid deposition (H&E stain, x400).


(a) MRI showed the rectovaginal fistula before administration of infliximab. (b) Barium-enema study showed the barium running into the vaginal cavity before administration of infliximab. White arrows pointed respectively A: rectum;. Rectovaginal fistula.


(a) MRI showed the rectovaginal fistula before administration of infliximab. (b) Barium-enema study showed the barium running into the vaginal cavity before administration of infliximab. . Vagina cavity.


Symptomatic changes (excrement time, CRP, BMI, ERS) after admission in a graph with time dependently as a basic date (day 0) by the infliximab beginning day.


(a) MRI.


(b) Barium-enema study. Both examinations are inspected from the start of therapy 1 year later, and confirmed rectovaginal fistula closing.


Red free fundus photos (a, b) of Case 2 (mother of Case 1) demonstrating bilateral angioid streaks (thick green arrows) and fibrotic disciform scars (purple triangles).


Indocyanine green angiography (c, d) demonstrates polyp lesions at the edge of the disciform scars in the right eye (yellow arrow) and late geographic hypercyanescence in the left eye (red triangle) demonstrating the appearance of a branching vascular network, consistent with a diagnosis of advanced polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.


Postoperative sagittal T2 magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine demonstrating postoperative changes of laminectomy with residual intradural lesions at L1. This was the only postoperative image obtained as patient discomfort led to an early terminated examination.


Gross photograph of a congenital giant nevus.


Preoperative photograph of the nodular lesion in the penis.


Microscopic pathology of a surgical specimen at 40 x magnification.


Microscopic pathology of a surgical specimen at 400 x magnification.


Xiao Shi, MD.


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47- year-old HIV+ female with cough and chest pain. Postero-anterior chest radiograph demonstrates an abnormal contour along the right cardiomediastinal border (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47 year-old HIV+ female with an anterior mediastinal mass. Axial contrast enhanced chest CT at the level of the heart shows a 7.1 x 2.7 x 8.8 cm lobular lowattenuation mass with heterogeneous enhancement draped across the anterior mediastinum (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia in a 47 year-old HIV+ female with an anterior mediastinal mass. Coronal contrast enhanced chest CT shows low-attenuation cystic areas and enhancing septations (arrow).


Multilocular thymic cyst with follicular hyperplasia. Gross thymectomy specimen from a 47- year-old HIV+ female weighs 180 gram and measures 14.5 cm from medial to lateral, 15 cm from superior to inferior and up to 3.5 cm from anterior to posterior. The gland is very lobulated in appearance with a moderate amount of attached adipose tissue. The gland appears encapsulated with a smooth and glistening pink-purple surface.


CT of metastatic disease. Axial CT of the abdomen and thorax. Multiple contrast-enhancing lesions in the liver with irregular borders typical for metastases (a). Histopathological analysis of a liver metastasis revealed only large, pleomorphic cells (a inset) consistent with a highly malignant dedifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. CT of thorax showing multiple round, well-circumscribed lung lesions consistent with metastases.


CT of metastatic disease. Axial CT of the abdomen and thorax. The ground-glass opacity around the lesions may be caused by hemorrhage (b).


CT showing radiological response. Axial CT of the thorax and abdomen showing almost complete radiological response after histological subtype-specific chemotherapy. A small metastatic lesion measuring 5 x 6 mm. Arrow).


CT showing radiological response. Axial CT of the thorax and abdomen showing almost complete radiological response after histological subtype-specific chemotherapy. No other visible metastatic foci in the lungs or the liver. Are seen after chemotherapy.


CT images of the abdomen with contrast medium shows a heterogeneously enhancing exophytic mass projecting posteriorly from the upper pole of the right kidney.


MR images with contrast showed a 4-cm complex enhancing mass at the projecting from the posterolateral aspect of the upper pole (indicating arrows) of the right kidney; the complex mass demonstrated heterogeneous signal internally including a focal hypointense signal on precontrastT1 weighted sequences; and these areas also showed hyperintense signal postcontrast suggesting hemorrhage, necrosis, and scar formation components.


F-18 FDG PET images.


Tumor is composed of clear cells.


Clinical and treatment parameters of the patient during the 1st month after hospital admission. (A-H) show the time course of different laboratory parameters during the first 30 days following hospital admission.


Clinical and treatment parameters of the patient during the 1st month after hospital admission. (I) displays a timeline of the different clinical parameters and specific therapy during the first 30 days.