dataset stringclasses 1
value | id stringlengths 1 5 | messages listlengths 2 2 |
|---|---|---|
query-laysum | 0 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nHospitalised newborn neonates frequently undergo painful invasive procedures that involve penetration of the skin and other tissues by a needle. One intervention that can be used prior to a needle insertion procedure is application of a topical local anaes... |
query-laysum | 1 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nInfertility is a prevalent problem that has significant consequences for individuals, families, and the community. Modifiable lifestyle factors may affect the chance of people with infertility having a baby. However, no guideline is available about what pr... |
query-laysum | 2 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nRoot canal therapy is a sequence of treatments involving root canal cleaning, shaping, decontamination, and obturation. It is conventionally performed through a hole drilled into the crown of the affected tooth, namely orthograde root canal therapy. When i... |
query-laysum | 3 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nIn vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a treatment for unexplained subfertility but is invasive, expensive, and associated with risks.\nObjectives\nTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IVF versus expectant management, unstimulated intrauterine insemination... |
query-laysum | 4 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nTuberculosis is an infectious bacterial disease that is spread via respiratory droplets from infected individuals to susceptible contacts. To eliminate this disease from low- and medium-incidence settings, people who are most likely to be infected (contact... |
query-laysum | 5 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBronchiectasis is characterised by a widening of the airways, leading to excess mucus production and recurrent infection. It is more prevalent in women and those in middle age. Many patients with bronchiectasis do not adhere to treatments (medications, exe... |
query-laysum | 6 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPostpartum constipation, with symptoms, such as pain or discomfort, straining, and hard stool, is a common condition affecting mothers. Haemorrhoids, pain at the episiotomy site, effects of pregnancy hormones, and haematinics used in pregnancy can increase... |
query-laysum | 7 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBenign smooth muscle tumours of the uterus, known as fibroids or myomas, are often symptomless. However, about one-third of women with fibroids will present with symptoms that are severe enough to warrant treatment. The standard treatment of symptomatic fi... |
query-laysum | 8 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nHigh altitude illness (HAI) is a term used to describe a group of cerebral and pulmonary syndromes that can occur during travel to elevations above 2500 metres ( ˜ 8200 feet ). Acute hypoxia, acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude cerebral oedema (HA... |
query-laysum | 9 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAcute cough due to upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) is a common symptom. Non-prescription, over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are frequently recommended as a first-line treatment, but there is little evidence as to whether these drugs are effective.\... |
query-laysum | 10 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nTuberculosis causes more deaths than any other infectious disease globally. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the only available vaccine, but protection is incomplete and variable. The modified Vaccinia Ankara virus expressing antigen 85A (MVA85A) is a vir... |
query-laysum | 11 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nStudies suggest that a diet rich in omega-3 essential fatty acids may have beneficial anti-inflammatory effects for chronic conditions such as cystic fibrosis. This is an updated version of a previously published review.\nObjectives\nTo determine whether t... |
query-laysum | 12 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThromboangiitis obliterans, also known as Buerger's disease, is a non-atherosclerotic, segmental inflammatory pathology that most commonly affects the small- and medium-sized arteries, veins, and nerves in the upper and lower extremities. The etiology is u... |
query-laysum | 13 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nGenerally, before being operated on, patients will be given informal information by the healthcare providers involved in the care of the patients (doctors, nurses, ward clerks, or healthcare assistants). This information can also be provided formally in di... |
query-laysum | 14 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPatients with a low platelet count (thrombocytopenia) often require the insertion of central lines (central venous catheters (CVCs)). CVCs have a number of uses; these include: administration of chemotherapy; intensive monitoring and treatment of criticall... |
query-laysum | 15 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nChanges to the method of payment for healthcare providers, including pay-for-performance schemes, are increasingly being used by governments, health insurers, and employers to help align financial incentives with health system goals. In this review we focu... |
query-laysum | 16 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAbout 70% to 80% of adults with cancer experience chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). CINV remains one of the most distressing symptoms associated with cancer therapy and is associated with decreased adherence to chemotherapy. Combining 5-hydr... |
query-laysum | 17 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nMoxibustion, a common treatment in traditional Chinese medicine, involves burning herbal preparations containing Artemisia vulgaris on or above the skin at acupuncture points. Its intended effect is to enhance body function, and it could reduce the side ef... |
query-laysum | 18 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAbout one in five strokes occur during sleep (wake-up stroke). People with wake-up strokes have previously been considered to be ineligible for thrombolytic treatment because the time of stroke onset is unknown. However, recent studies suggest benefit from... |
query-laysum | 19 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nGroin dissection is commonly performed for the treatment of a variety of cancers, including melanoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, penis or vulva. It is uncertain whether insertion of a drain reduces complication rates, and, if used, the optimu... |
query-laysum | 20 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2013, Issue 10.\nImmunosuppressed cancer patients are at increased risk of serious influenza-related complications. Guidelines, therefore, recommend influenza vaccination for these patients. However, da... |
query-laysum | 21 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVascular surgery may be followed by internal bleeding due to inadequate surgical haemostasis, abnormal clotting, or surgical complications. Bleeding ranges from minor, with no transfusion requirement, to massive, requiring multiple blood product transfusio... |
query-laysum | 22 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe consequences of influenza in adults are mainly time off work. Vaccination of pregnant women is recommended internationally. This is an update of a review published in 2014. Future updates of this review will be made only when new trials or vaccines bec... |
query-laysum | 23 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe effective control of moisture and microbes is necessary for the success of restoration procedures. The rubber dam, as an isolation method, has been widely used in dental restorative treatments. The effects of rubber dam usage on the longevity and quali... |
query-laysum | 24 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nShift work is often associated with sleepiness and sleep disorders. Person-directed, non-pharmacological interventions may positively influence the impact of shift work on sleep, thereby improving workers’ well-being, safety, and health.\nObjectives\nTo as... |
query-laysum | 26 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis is an update of the original Cochrane review, last published in 2009 (Huertas-Ceballos 2009). Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP), including children with irritable bowel syndrome, is a common problem affecting between 4% and 25% of school-aged children. F... |
query-laysum | 27 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAcquired haemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder caused by the development of specific autoantibodies against coagulation factor VIII. Standard treatment, usually steroids alone, or in combination with cyclophosphamide, aims to stop acute bleeds by using... |
query-laysum | 28 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with cough, sputum production or dyspnoea, and a reduction in lung function, quality of life, and life expectancy. Apart from smoking cessation, no other treatments that slow lung function decline ... |
query-laysum | 29 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBrexpiprazole is the newest antipsychotic drug approved as an adjunctive for treatment-resistant depression. This systematic review provides comprehensive, high-quality evidence for the effects of brexpiprazole in major depressive disorder (MDD) based on e... |
query-laysum | 30 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVitamin C is an essential micronutrient and powerful antioxidant. Observational studies have shown an inverse relationship between vitamin C intake and major cardiovascular events and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Results from clinical trials ... |
query-laysum | 31 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCataract is the leading cause of blindness in the world, and clinically significant astigmatism may affect up to approximately 20% of people undergoing cataract surgery. Pre-existing astigmatism in people undergoing cataract surgery may be treated, among o... |
query-laysum | 32 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a lung infection that can be acquired during day-to-day activities in the community (not while receiving care in a hospital). Community-acquired pneumonia poses a significant public health burden in terms of mortality,... |
query-laysum | 33 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nLow back pain is a common presentation across different healthcare settings. Clinicians need to confidently be able to screen and identify people presenting with low back pain with a high suspicion of serious or specific pathology (e.g. vertebral fracture)... |
query-laysum | 34 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCerebrolysin is a mixture of low-molecular-weight peptides and amino acids derived from porcine brain, which has potential neuroprotective properties. It is widely used in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke in Russia, Eastern Europe, China, and other ... |
query-laysum | 35 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nRoutine monitoring of gastric residual in preterm infants on gavage feeds is a common practice used to guide initiation and advancement of feeds. It is believed that an increase in or an altered gastric residual may be predictive of necrotising enterocolit... |
query-laysum | 36 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPrimary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) accounts for 50% of glaucoma blindness worldwide. More than three-quarters of individuals with PACG reside in Asia. In these populations, PACG often develops insidiously leading to chronically raised intraocular pressu... |
query-laysum | 37 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAutomated closed loop systems may improve adaptation of mechanical support for a patient's ventilatory needs and facilitate systematic and early recognition of their ability to breathe spontaneously and the potential for discontinuation of ventilation. Thi... |
query-laysum | 38 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThere has been considerable development in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer over the last decade. A number of agents, including docetaxel, cabazitaxel, abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide and sipuleucel-T, have been reported to improve outcomes in m... |
query-laysum | 39 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nSince the mid-2000s, the field of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) has experienced a paradigm shift from non-specific therapy with broad-acting cytokines to specific regimens, which directly target the cancer, the tumour microenvironment, or both.\nC... |
query-laysum | 40 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe World Health Organization (WHO) recommends parasitological testing of all suspected malaria cases using malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) or microscopy prior to treatment. Some governments have extended this responsibility to community health work... |
query-laysum | 41 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nMany people with schizophrenia do not respond to an initially prescribed antipsychotic drug. In such cases, one treatment strategy could be to increase the antipsychotic dose; and another strategy could be to switch to a different antipsychotic drug.\nObje... |
query-laysum | 42 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCough is a frequent symptom presenting to doctors. The most common cause of childhood chronic (greater than fours weeks' duration) wet cough is protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) in some settings, although other more serious causes can also present this... |
query-laysum | 43 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe number of new cases of dementia is projected to rise significantly over the next decade. Thus, there is a pressing need for accurate tools to detect cognitive impairment in routine clinical practice. The Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III... |
query-laysum | 44 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPresent-centered therapy (PCT) is a non-trauma, manualized psychotherapy for adults with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PCT was originally designed as a treatment comparator in trials evaluating the effectiveness of trauma-focused cognitive-behavio... |
query-laysum | 45 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe Cystic Fibrosis Foundation recommends both short-term and long-acting insulin therapy when cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) has been diagnosed. Diagnosis is based on: an elevated fasting blood glucose level greater than 6.94 mmol/L (125 mg/dL); ... |
query-laysum | 46 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nSystemic corticosteroids are used to treat people with COVID-19 because they counter hyper-inflammation. Existing evidence syntheses suggest a slight benefit on mortality. Nonetheless, size of effect, optimal therapy regimen, and selection of patients who ... |
query-laysum | 47 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVitamin A deficiency (VAD) is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries, affecting 190 million children under five years of age and leading to many adverse health consequences, including death. Based on prior evidence and a previous... |
query-laysum | 48 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis review is one of six looking at the primary medical management options for patients with chronic rhinosinusitis.\nChronic rhinosinusitis is common and is characterised by inflammation of the lining of the nose and paranasal sinuses leading to nasal bl... |
query-laysum | 49 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAction observation (AO) is a physical rehabilitation approach that facilitates the occurrence of neural plasticity through the activation of the mirror-neural system, promoting motor recovery in people with stroke.\nObjectives\nTo assess whether AO enhance... |
query-laysum | 50 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nNeonatal parenteral nutrition may be delivered via peripheral cannulas or central venous catheters (umbilical or percutaneous). As the result of complications associated with umbilical catheters, many neonatal units prefer to use percutaneous catheters aft... |
query-laysum | 51 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nDisease recurrence and progression remain major challenges for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Narrow band imaging (NBI) is an optical enhancement technique that may improve resection of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and thereby l... |
query-laysum | 52 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nMindfulness interventions are increasingly popular as an approach to improve mental well-being. To date, no Cochrane Review examines the effectiveness of mindfulness in medical students and junior doctors. Thus, questions remain regarding the efficacy of m... |
query-laysum | 53 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nA large number of people are employed in sedentary occupations. Physical inactivity and excessive sitting at workplaces have been linked to increased risk of cardiovascular disease, obesity, and all-cause mortality.\nObjectives\nTo evaluate the effectivene... |
query-laysum | 54 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nIn healthcare settings, health care workers (HCWs) are at risk of acquiring infectious diseases through sharps injuries and splash exposures to blood or bodily fluids. Education and training interventions are widely used to protect workers' health and safe... |
query-laysum | 55 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as motor neuron disease, is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Neuromuscular respiratory failure is the most common cause of death, which usually occurs within two to five years of the disease onset. Supporti... |
query-laysum | 56 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nIt is generally assumed by practitioners and guideline authors that combined modalities (methods of treatment) are more effective than single modalities in preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE), defined as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism... |
query-laysum | 57 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAfter decades of decline since 2005, the global prevalence of undernourishment reverted and since 2015 has increased to levels seen in 2010 to 2011. The prevalence is highest in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), especially Africa and Asia. Food ins... |
query-laysum | 58 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nGiant cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common form of systemic vasculitis in people older than 50 years of age. It causes granulomatous inflammation of medium- to large-sized vessels. Tocilizumab is a recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against interl... |
query-laysum | 59 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVisceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by a parasite, which can lead to death if untreated. Poor nutritional status hastens the progression of VL infection, and VL worsens malnutrition status. Malnutrition is one of the poor prognostic factors ide... |
query-laysum | 60 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe prevalence of type 2 diabetes is increased in individuals with mental disorders. Much of the burden of disease falls on the populations of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).\nObjectives\nTo assess the effects of pharmacological, behaviour change... |
query-laysum | 61 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nMore than 7.5 million children younger than age five living in low- and middle-income countries die every year. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) strategy to reduce mortality and morbidity a... |
query-laysum | 62 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBipolar disorder is a common recurrent illness with high levels of chronicity. Previous trials have suggested that the anticonvulsant topiramate may be efficacious in bipolar disorder. This is an update of a previous Cochrane review (last published 2006) o... |
query-laysum | 63 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nSeveral options exist for managing overactive bladder (OAB), including electrical stimulation (ES) with non-implanted devices, conservative treatment and drugs. Electrical stimulation with non-implanted devices aims to inhibit contractions of the detrusor ... |
query-laysum | 64 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nChanging population demographics have led to an increasing number of functionally dependent older people who require care and medical treatment. In many countries, government policy aims to shift resources into the community from institutional care setting... |
query-laysum | 65 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe treatment of multiple sclerosis has changed over the last 20 years. The advent of disease-modifying drugs in the mid-1990s heralded a period of rapid progress in the understanding and management of multiple sclerosis. With the support of magnetic reson... |
query-laysum | 66 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVacuum and forceps assisted vaginal deliveries are reported to increase the incidence of postpartum infections and maternal readmission to hospital compared to spontaneous vaginal delivery. Prophylactic antibiotics may be prescribed to prevent these infect... |
query-laysum | 67 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPeople with severe mental illness show high rates of unemployment and work disability, however, they often have a desire to participate in employment. People with severe mental illness used to be placed in sheltered employment or were enrolled in prevocati... |
query-laysum | 68 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nMorphea (morphoea) is an immune-mediated disease in which excess synthesis and deposition of collagen in the skin and underlying connective tissues results in hardened cutaneous areas. Morphea has different clinical features according to the subtype and st... |
query-laysum | 69 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAlthough people with haematological malignancies have to endure long phases of therapy and immobility, which is known to diminish their physical performance level, the advice to rest and avoid intensive exercises is still common practice. This recommendati... |
query-laysum | 70 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCartilage defects of the knee are often debilitating and predispose to osteoarthritis. Microfracture, drilling, mosaicplasty, and allograft transplantation are four surgical treatment options that are increasingly performed worldwide. We set out to examine... |
query-laysum | 71 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nSystematic screening in high-burden settings is recommended as a strategy for early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis disease, reducing mortality, morbidity and transmission, and improving equity in access to care. Questioning for symptoms and chest radi... |
query-laysum | 72 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nNasal polyps cause nasal obstruction, discharge and reduction in or loss of sense of smell, but their aetiology is unknown. The management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, aimed at improving these symptoms, includes both surgical and medical tr... |
query-laysum | 73 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis is an updated version of a review first published in theCochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Issue 4, in 2011. Vulval intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) is a pre-cancerous condition of the vulval skin and its incidence is increasing in women under 50... |
query-laysum | 74 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe inequitable distribution of health professionals, within countries, poses an important obstacle to the optimal functioning of health services.\nObjectives\nTo assess the effectiveness of interventions aimed at increasing the proportion of health profes... |
query-laysum | 75 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCurrent recommendations for people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to partake in physical activity are based on low-level evidence, do not incorporate evidence from all available randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and provide little information regard... |
query-laysum | 76 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBeta thalassaemia is a common inherited blood disorder. The need for frequent blood transfusions in this condition poses a difficult problem to healthcare systems. The most common cause of morbidity and mortality is cardiac dysfunction from iron overload. ... |
query-laysum | 77 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nInvasive aspergillosis is the most common life-threatening opportunistic invasive mycosis in immunocompromised patients. A test for invasive aspergillosis should neither be too invasive nor too great a burden for the already weakened patient. The serum gal... |
query-laysum | 78 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nEarly recovery is an important factor for people undergoing facial plastic surgery. However, the normal inflammatory processes that are a consequence of surgery commonly cause oedema (swelling) and ecchymosis (bruising), which are undesirable complications... |
query-laysum | 79 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAbdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an abnormal dilatation of the infradiaphragmatic aorta that is equal to or greater than 30 mm or a local dilatation of equal to or greater than 50% compared to the expected normal diameter of the artery. AAAs rarely occur... |
query-laysum | 80 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nBacterial infections occurring during labour, childbirth, and the puerperium may be associated with considerable maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Antibiotic prophylaxis might reduce wound infection incidence after an episiotomy, particularly... |
query-laysum | 81 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPatients with brain tumour usually suffer from increased pressure in the skull due to swelling of brain tissue. A swollen brain renders surgical removal of the brain tumour difficult. To ease surgical tumour removal, measures are taken to reduce brain swel... |
query-laysum | 82 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nDespite conflicting evidence, chest physiotherapy has been widely used as an adjunctive treatment for adults with pneumonia. This is an update of a review first published in 2010 and updated in 2013.\nObjectives\nTo assess the effectiveness and safety of c... |
query-laysum | 83 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPhenylketonuria is an inherited disease for which the main treatment is the dietary restriction of the amino acid phenylalanine. The diet has to be initiated in the neonatal period to prevent or reduce mental handicap. However, the diet is very restrictive... |
query-laysum | 84 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPeople experiencing acute psychotic illnesses, especially those associated with agitated or violent behaviour, may require urgent pharmacological tranquillisation or sedation. Droperidol, a butyrophenone antipsychotic, has been used for this purpose in sev... |
query-laysum | 85 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVenous leg ulcers are open skin wounds on the lower leg which can be slow to heal, and are both painful and costly. The point prevalence of open venous leg ulcers in the UK is about 3 cases per 10,000 people, and many people experience recurrent episodes o... |
query-laysum | 86 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis is an update of a Cochrane Review first published in 1999. Corticosteroids are widely used in inflammatory conditions as an immunosuppressive agent. Bone loss is a serious side effect of this therapy. Several studies have examined the use of bisphosph... |
query-laysum | 87 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThe main focus of treatment for children hospitalised with bronchiolitis is supportive, including oxygen supplementation, respiratory support, and fluid therapy. Up to half of infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis require non-oral fluid therapy due to de... |
query-laysum | 88 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nCurrent cancer care increasingly incorporates psychosocial interventions. Cancer patients use dance/movement therapy to learn to accept and reconnect with their bodies, build new self-confidence, enhance self-expression, address feelings of isolation, depr... |
query-laysum | 89 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAsthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood. Breathing exercise techniques have been widely used by researchers and professionals in the search for complementary therapies for the treatment of asthma.\nObjectives\nTo assess the effects of breath... |
query-laysum | 90 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nFoot infection is the most common cause of non-traumatic amputation in people with diabetes. Most diabetic foot infections (DFIs) require systemic antibiotic therapy and the initial choice is usually empirical. Although there are many antibiotics available... |
query-laysum | 91 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nLaser-assisted in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is a surgical procedure that corrects refractive errors. This technique creates a flap of the outermost parts of the cornea (epithelium, bowman layer, and anterior stroma) to expose the middle part of the corne... |
query-laysum | 92 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nThis is an update of a previous Cochrane Review published in 2012, Issue 9.\nSurgery for endometrial cancer (hysterectomy with removal of both fallopian tubes and ovaries) is performed through laparotomy. It has been suggested that the laparoscopic approac... |
query-laysum | 93 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nFor people with physical, sensory and cognitive limitations due to stroke, the routine practice of oral health care (OHC) may become a challenge. Evidence-based supported oral care intervention is essential for this patient group.\nObjectives\nTo compare t... |
query-laysum | 94 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPeople with stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) are at increased risk of future stroke and other cardiovascular events. Stroke services need to be configured to maximise the adoption of evidence-based strategies for secondary stroke prevention. Smok... |
query-laysum | 95 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is defined as pneumonia developing in people who have received mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. VAP is a potentially serious complication in these patients who are already critically ill. Oral hygiene care... |
query-laysum | 96 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nAntipsychotic (neuroleptic) medication is used extensively to treat people with serious mental illnesses. However, it is associated with a wide range of adverse effects, including movement disorders. Because of this, many people treated with antipsychotic ... |
query-laysum | 97 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nFracture of the distal radius is a common clinical problem. A key method of surgical fixation is percutaneous pinning, involving the insertion of wires through the skin to stabilise the fracture. This is an update of a Cochrane Review published in 2007.\nO... |
query-laysum | 98 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nChildhood apraxia of speech (CAS) affects a child's ability to produce sounds and syllables precisely and consistently, and to produce words and sentences with accuracy and correct speech rhythm. It is a rare condition, affecting only 0.1% of the general p... |
query-laysum | 99 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nPain is a common feature of childhood and adolescence around the world, and for many young people, that pain is chronic. The World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for pharmacological treatments for children's persisting pain acknowledge that pain in c... |
query-laysum | 100 | [
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Abstract: Background\nWhen sufficient maternal breast milk is not available, alternative forms of enteral nutrition for preterm or low birth weight (LBW) infants are donor breast milk or artificial formula. Donor breast milk may retain some of the non-nutritive benefits of mate... |
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