Question:
This is a Feature Request What would you like to be Add the commands which are under the Clean up section of the and tutorials into the shell code block snippet. Currently, it is under the triple backticks () as shown in the following screenshot: ! ! Which is not look more prominent. Why is this needed It provides a better structure to the section. and then it will be highlighted on the page. Comments None
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/sig docs /language en
/assign
Fixed it here:
I'm not sure I agree with the issue description. I was nevertheless happy to merge the actual PR.
thank you, I opened this for the content so that commands under Cleanup should more clear like others command mentioned on the page.

## Clean up <del> Run `kind delete cluster --name psa-with-cluster-pss` and `kind delete cluster --name psa-wo-cluster-pss` to delete the clusters you created. </del> <ins> Now delete the clusters which you created above by running the following command: ```shell kind delete cluster --name psa-with-cluster-pss ``` ```shell kind delete cluster --name psa-wo-cluster-pss ``` </ins> ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}


Question:
This is a Feature Request What would you like to be Add the commands which are under the Clean up section of the and tutorials into the shell code block snippet. Currently, it is under the triple backticks () as shown in the following screenshot: ! ! Which is not look more prominent. Why is this needed It provides a better structure to the section. and then it will be highlighted on the page. Comments None
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/sig docs /language en
/assign
Fixed it here:
I'm not sure I agree with the issue description. I was nevertheless happy to merge the actual PR.
thank you, I opened this for the content so that commands under Cleanup should more clear like others command mentioned on the page.

## Clean up <del> Run `kind delete cluster --name psa-ns-level` to delete the cluster created. </del> <ins> Now delete the cluster which you created above by running the following command: ```shell kind delete cluster --name psa-ns-level ``` </ins> ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}


Question:
This is a Feature Request CEL expressions were originally documented for . When ValidationAdmissionPolicy was , the to the new API. We now multiple other enhancements (e.g. ) where the documentation would need to be duplicated. What would you like to be Instead of continuing to duplicate this documentation, resulting in documentation that will invariably drift and become inaccurate, let's instead introduce website documentation and link to it for all the documentation that is the same for all usages of CEL in Kubernetes. Website documentation will contain: escaping rules Kubernetes specific type information (e.g. equality) Libraries available What data is accessible to CEL expressions (e.g. ) API documentation of fields that contain CEL: What root variables are available in the specific context (e.g. "object" or "self") and what the variables provide access to What level of type safety is provided (full type checking, informational type checking, runtime only type checks?) Why is this needed Avoid API documentation inaccuracies and drift. Comments
Need to also document
/sig api-machinery /sig docs /language en /triage accepted
How about a Reference page titled “CEL in Kubernetes”?
If we'd like a short docs URL, eg , that can be a thing (using a Netlify redirect with a temporarily moved status)
/retitle Move CEL expression documentation from API documentation to website
The reference page idea is great. Once we get past enhancement freeze I'll open a PR.
SIG API Machinery folks: what's your preferred priority for these docs?
I intend to complete this for 1.27.
Starting work on this now.

<ins> --- title: Common Expression Language in Kubernetes reviewers: - jpbetz - cici37 content_type: concept weight: 35 min-kubernetes-server-version: 1.25 --- <!-- overview --> The [Common Expression Language (CEL)](https://github.com/google/cel-go) is used in the Kubernetes API to declare validation rules, policy rules, and other constraints or conditions. CEL expressions are evaluated directly in the {{< glossary_tooltip text="API server" term_id="kube-apiserver" >}}, making CEL a convenient alternative to out-of-process mechanisms, such as webhooks, for many extensibility use cases. Your CEL expressions continue to execute so long as the control plane's API server component remains available. <!-- body --> ## Language overview The [CEL language](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/master/doc/langdef.md) has a straightforward syntax that is similar to the expressions in C, C++, Java, JavaScript and Go. CEL was designed to be embedded into applications. Each CEL "program" is a single expression that evaluates to a single value. CEL expressions are typically short "one-liners" that inline well into the string fields of Kubernetes API resources. Inputs to a CEL program are "variables". Each Kubernetes API field that contains CEL declares in the API documentation which variables are available to use for that field. For example, in the `x-kubernetes-validations[i].rules` field of CustomResourceDefinitions, the `self` and `oldSelf` variables are available and refer to the previous and current state of the custom resource data to be validated by the CEL expression. Other Kubernetes API fields may declare different variables. See the API documentation of the API fields to learn which variables are available for that field. Example CEL expressions: {{< table caption="Examples of CEL expressions and the purpose of each" >}} | Rule                                                                               | Purpose                                                                           | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | `self.minReplicas <= self.replicas && self.replicas <= self.maxReplicas`           | Validate that the three fields defining replicas are ordered appropriately        | | `'Available' in self.stateCounts`                                                  | Validate that an entry with the 'Available' key exists in a map                   | | `(self.list1.size() == 0) != (self.list2.size() == 0)`                             | Validate that one of two lists is non-empty, but not both                         | | `self.envars.filter(e, e.name = 'MY_ENV').all(e, e.value.matches('^[a-zA-Z]*$')`   | Validate the 'value' field of a listMap entry where key field 'name' is 'MY_ENV'  | | `has(self.expired) && self.created + self.ttl < self.expired`                      | Validate that 'expired' date is after a 'create' date plus a 'ttl' duration       | | `self.health.startsWith('ok')`                                                     | Validate a 'health' string field has the prefix 'ok'                              | | `self.widgets.exists(w, w.key == 'x' && w.foo < 10)`                               | Validate that the 'foo' property of a listMap item with a key 'x' is less than 10 | | `type(self) == string ? self == '99%' : self == 42`                                | Validate an int-or-string field for both the the int and string cases             | | `self.metadata.name == 'singleton'`                                                | Validate that an object's name matches a specific value (making it a singleton)   | | `self.set1.all(e, !(e in self.set2))`                                              | Validate that two listSets are disjoint                                           | | `self.names.size() == self.details.size() && self.names.all(n, n in self.details)` | Validate the 'details' map is keyed by the items in the 'names' listSet           | ## CEL community libraries Kubernetes CEL expressions have access to the following CEL community libraries: - CEL standard functions, defined in the [list of standard definitions](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/master/doc/langdef.md#list-of-standard-definitions) - CEL standard [macros](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/v0.7.0/doc/langdef.md#macros) - CEL [extended string function library](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/google/cel-go/ext#Strings) ## Kubernetes CEL libraries In additional to the CEL community libraries, Kubernetes includes CEL libraries that are available everywhere CEL is used in Kubernetes. ### Kubernetes list library The list library includes `indexOf` and `lastIndexOf`, which work similar to the strings functions of the same names. These functions either the first or last positional index of the provided element in the list. The list library also includes `min`, `max` and `sum`. Sum is supported on all number types as well as the duration type. Min and max are supported on all comparable types. `isSorted` is also provided as a convenience function and is supported on all comparable types. Examples: {{< table caption="Examples of CEL expressions using list library functions" >}} | CEL Expression                                                                     | Purpose                                                   | |------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------| | `names.isSorted()`                                                                 | Verify that a list of names is kept in alphabetical order | | `items.map(x, x.weight).sum() == 1.0`                                              | Verify that the "weights" of a list of objects sum to 1.0 | | `lowPriorities.map(x, x.priority).max() < highPriorities.map(x, x.priority).min()` | Verify that two sets of priorities do not overlap         | | `names.indexOf('should-be-first') == 1`                                            | Require that the first name in a list if a specific value | See the [Kubernetes List Library](https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/schema/cel/library#Lists) godoc for more information. ### Kubernetes regex library In addition to the `matches` function provided by the CEL standard library, the regex library provides `find` and `findAll`, enabling a much wider range of regex operations. Examples: {{< table caption="Examples of CEL expressions using regex library functions" >}} | CEL Expression                                              | Purpose                                                  | |-------------------------------------------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------| | `"abc 123".find('[0-9]*')`                                  | Find the first number in a string                        | | `"1, 2, 3, 4".findAll('[0-9]*').map(x, int(x)).sum() < 100` | Verify that the numbers in a string sum to less than 100 | See the [Kubernetes regex library](https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/schema/cel/library#Regex) godoc for more information. ### Kubernetes URL library To make it easier and safer to process URLs, the following functions have been added: - `isURL(string)` checks if a string is a valid URL according to the [Go's net/url](https://pkg.go.dev/net/url#URL) package. The string must be an absolute URL. - `url(string) URL` converts a string to a URL or results in an error if the string is not a valid URL. Once parsed via the `url` function, the resulting URL object has `getScheme`, `getHost`, `getHostname`, `getPort`, `getEscapedPath` and `getQuery` accessors. Examples: {{< table caption="Examples of CEL expressions using URL library functions" >}} | CEL Expression                                                  | Purpose                                        | |-----------------------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------| | `url('https://example.com:80/').getHost()`                      | Get the 'example.com:80' host part of the URL. | | `url('https://example.com/path with spaces/').getEscapedPath()` | Returns '/path%20with%20spaces/'               | See the [Kubernetes URL library](https://pkg.go.dev/k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver/pkg/apiserver/schema/cel/library#URLs) godoc for more information. ## Type checking CEL is a [gradually typed language](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/master/doc/langdef.md#gradual-type-checking). Some Kubernetes API fields contain fully type checked CEL expressions. For example, [CustomResourceDefinitions Validation Rules](/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/#validation-rules) are fully type checked. Some Kubernetes API fields contain partially type checked CEL expressions. A partially type checked expression is an experessions where some of the variables are statically typed but others are dynamically typed. For example, in the CEL expressions of [ValidatingAdmissionPolicies](/docs/reference/access-authn-authz/validating-admission-policy/) the `request` variable is typed, but the `object` variable is dynamically typed. As a result, an expression containing `request.namex` would fail type checking because the `namex` field is not defined. However, `object.namex` would pass type checking even when the `namex` field is not defined for the resource kinds that `object` refers to, because `object` is dynamically typed. The `has()` macro in CEL may be used in CEL expressions to check if a field of a dynamically typed variable is accessable before attempting to access the field's value. For example: ```cel has(object.namex) ? object.namex == 'special' : request.name == 'special' ``` ## Type system integration {{< table caption="Table showing the relationship between OpenAPIv3 types and CEL types" >}} | OpenAPIv3 type                                     | CEL type                                                                                | |----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 'object' with Properties                           | object / "message type" (`type(<object>)` evaluates to `selfType<uniqueNumber>.path.to.object.from.self`                     | | 'object' with AdditionalProperties                 | map                                                                                | | 'object' with x-kubernetes-embedded-type           | object / "message type", 'apiVersion', 'kind', 'metadata.name' and 'metadata.generateName' are implicitly included in schema | | 'object' with x-kubernetes-preserve-unknown-fields | object / "message type", unknown fields are NOT accessible in CEL expression                                                 | | x-kubernetes-int-or-string                         | union of int or string,  `self.intOrString < 100 || self.intOrString == '50%'` evaluates to true for both `50` and `"50%"` | | 'array                                             | list                                                                                | | 'array' with x-kubernetes-list-type=map            | list with map based Equality & unique key guarantees                                                                         | | 'array' with x-kubernetes-list-type=set            | list with set based Equality & unique entry guarantees                                                                       | | 'boolean'                                          | boolean                                                                                | | 'number' (all formats)                             | double                                                                                | | 'integer' (all formats)                            | int (64)                                                                                | | _no equivalent_                                    | uint (64)                                                                                | | 'null'                                             | null_type                                                                                | | 'string'                                           | string                                                                                | | 'string' with format=byte (base64 encoded)         | bytes                                                                                | | 'string' with format=date                          | timestamp (google.protobuf.Timestamp)                                                                                | | 'string' with format=datetime                      | timestamp (google.protobuf.Timestamp)                                                                                | | 'string' with format=duration                      | duration (google.protobuf.Duration)                                                                                | Also see: [CEL types](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/v0.6.0/doc/langdef.md#values), [OpenAPI types](https://swagger.io/specification/#data-types), [Kubernetes Structural Schemas](/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/#specifying-a-structural-schema). Equality comparison for arrays with `x-kubernetes-list-type` of `set` or `map` ignores element order. For example `[1, 2] == [2, 1]` if the arrays represent Kubernetes `set` values. Concatenation on arrays with `x-kubernetes-list-type` use the semantics of the list type: - `set`: `X + Y` performs a union where the array positions of all elements in `X` are preserved and non-intersecting elements in `Y` are appended, retaining their partial order. - `map`: `X + Y` performs a merge where the array positions of all keys in `X` are preserved but the values are overwritten by values in `Y` when the key sets of `X` and `Y` intersect. Elements in `Y` with non-intersecting keys are appended, retaining their partial order. ## Escaping Only Kubernetes resource property names of the form `[a-zA-Z_.-/][a-zA-Z0-9_.-/]*` are accessible from CEL. Accessible property names are escaped according to the following rules when accessed in the expression: {{< table caption="Table of CEL identifier escaping rules" >}} | escape sequence   | property name equivalent                                                                     | |-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | `__underscores__` | `__`                                                                                | | `__dot__`         | `.`                                                                                | | `__dash__`        | `-`                                                                                | | `__slash__`       | `/`                                                                                | | `__{keyword}__`   | [CEL **RESERVED** keyword](https://github.com/google/cel-spec/blob/v0.6.0/doc/langdef.md#syntax) | When you escape any of CEL's **RESERVED** keywords you need to match the exact property name use the underscore escaping (for example, `int` in the word `sprint` would not be escaped and nor would it need to be). Examples on escaping: {{< table caption="Examples escaped CEL identifiers" >}} | property name | rule with escaped property name   | |---------------|-----------------------------------| | `namespace`   | `self.__namespace__ > 0`          | | `x-prop`      | `self.x__dash__prop > 0`          | | `redact__d`   | `self.redact__underscores__d > 0` | | `string`      | `self.startsWith('kube')`         | ## Resource constraints CEL is non-Turing complete and offers a variety of production safety controls to limit execution time. CEL's _resource constraint_ features provide feedback to developers about expression complexity and help protect the API server from excessive resource consumption during evaluation. CEL's resource constraint features are used to prevent CEL evaluation from consuming excessive API server resources. A key element of the resource constraint features is a _cost unit_ that CEL defines as a way of tracking CPU utilization. Cost units are independant of system load and hardware. Cost units are also deterministic; for any given CEL expression and input data, evaluation of the expression by the CEL interpreter will always result in the same cost. Many of CEL's core operations have fixed costs. The simplest operations, such as comparisons (e.g. `<`) have a cost of 1. Some have a higher fixed cost, for example list literal declarations have a fixed base cost of 40 cost units. Calls to functions implemented in native code approximate cost based on the time complexity of the operation. For example: operations that use regular expressions, such as `match` and `find`, are estimated using an approximated cost of `length(regexString)*length(inputString)`. The approximated cost reflects the worst case time complexity of Go's RE2 implementation. ### Runtime cost budget All CEL expressions evaluated by Kubernetes are constrained by a runtime cost budget. The runtime cost budget is an estimate of actual CPU utilization computed by incrementing a cost unit counter while interpreting a CEL expression. If the CEL interpreter executes too many instructions, the runtime cost budget will be exceeded, execution of the expressions will be halted, and an error will result. Some Kubernetes resources define an additional runtime cost budget that bounds the execution of multiple expressions. If the sum total of the cost of expressions exceed the budget, execution of the expressions will be halted, and an error will result. For example the validation of a custom resource has a _per-validation_ runtime cost budget for all [Validation Rules](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/extend-kubernetes/custom-resources/custom-resource-definitions/#validation-rules) evaluated to validate the custom resource. ### Estimated cost limits For some Kubernetes resources, the API server may also check if worst case estimated running time of CEL expressions would be prohibitively expensive to execute. If so, the API server prevent the CEL expression from being written to API resources by rejecting create or update operations containing the CEL expression to the API resources. This feature offers a stronger assurance that CEL expressions written to the API resource will be evaluate at runtime without exceeding the runtime cost budget. </ins>  No newline at end of file


Question:
The docs on currently make no mention of field validation. Now that of unknown and duplicate fields is graduating to GA, we should mention it briefly here.
/cc
/triage accepted
/wg api-expression /language en /priority important-longterm /sig api-machinery
/assign

Different kinds of object can also have different `.status`; again, the API reference pages detail the structure of that `.status` field, and its content for each different type of object. <ins> ## Server side field validation Starting with Kubernetes v1.25, the API server offers server side [field validation](/docs/reference/using-api/api-concepts/#field-validation) that detects unrecognized or duplicate fields in an object. It provides all the functionality of `kubectl --validate` on the server side. The `kubectl` tool uses the `--validate` flag to set the level of field validation. It accepts the values `ignore`, `warn`, and `strict` while also accepting the values `true` (equivalent to `strict`) and `false` (equivalent to `ignore`). The default validation setting for `kubectl` is `--validate=true`. `Strict` : Strict field validation, errors on validation failure `Warn` : Field validation is performed, but errors are exposed as warnings rather than failing the request `Ignore` : No server side field validation is performed When `kubectl` cannot connect to an API server that supports field validation it will fall back to using client-side validation. Kubernetes 1.27 and later versions always offer field validation; older Kubernetes releases might not. If your cluster is older than v1.27, check the documentation for your version of Kubernetes. </ins> ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}} If you're new to Kubernetes, read more about the following:


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Link for Federation in is broken Proposed Solution: Should be updated with correct link Page to Update: <!--Optional Information (remove the comment tags around information you would like to include)--<!--Kubernetes Version:--<!--Additional Information:--
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/area blog
/assign
/language en

Kubernetes provides great primitives for deploying applications to a cluster: it can be as simple as `kubectl create -f app.yaml`. Deploy apps across multiple clusters has never been that simple. How should app workloads be distributed? Should the app resources be replicated into all clusters, replicated into selected clusters, or partitioned into clusters? How is  access to the clusters managed? What happens if some of the resources that a user wants to distribute pre-exist, in some or all of the clusters, in some form? <del> In SIG Multicluster, our journey has revealed that there are multiple possible models to solve these problems and there probably is no single best-fit, all-scenario solution. [Federation](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/federation/), however, is the single biggest Kubernetes open source sub-project, and has seen the maximum interest and contribution from the community in this problem space. The project initially reused the Kubernetes API to do away with any added usage complexity for an existing Kubernetes user. This approach was not viable, because of the problems summarised below: </del> <ins> In SIG Multicluster, our journey has revealed that there are multiple possible models to solve these problems and there probably is no single best-fit, all-scenario solution. [Kubernetes Cluster Federation (KubeFed for short)](https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/kubefed), however, is the single biggest Kubernetes open source sub-project, and has seen the maximum interest and contribution from the community in this problem space. The project initially reused the Kubernetes API to do away with any added usage complexity for an existing Kubernetes user. This approach was not viable, because of the problems summarised below: </ins> * Difficulties in re-implementing the Kubernetes API at the cluster level, as federation-specific extensions were stored in annotations. * Limited flexibility in federated types, placement and reconciliation, due to 1:1 emulation of the Kubernetes API.


Question:
This is a Feature Request After release, we don't need . We should update the instructions on the task to include verification using cosign 2.0 <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <details<summaryverification using cosign 2.0</summaryAdd a note if cosign version < 2.0 </details<!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --Why is this needed There are some breaking changes in cosign 2.0 and we should update the instruction for the verification of images. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
/sig release /sig security /retitle Update page Verify Signed Kubernetes Artifacts for cosign 2.0 /kind bug /remove-kind feature /language en /triage accepted Thanks
:+1:
I can work on this /assign
Hey Are you still working on this issue? If not, can I work on this?
Haven't gotten to it as I expected to. Please feel free to work on it /unassign
/assign
FYI
Apologies for not being able to review the PR. I am going through University exams which is ending tomorrow. I just rushed through the changes that you made and you really did awesome work on this. I'll look more into this after the exams. Thanks for working on this.

## {{% heading "prerequisites" %}} <del> These instructions are for Kubernetes {{< skew currentVersion >}}. If you want to check the integrity of components for a different version of Kubernetes, check the documentation for that Kubernetes release. </del> You will need to have the following tools installed: - `cosign` ([install guide](https://docs.sigstore.dev/cosign/installation/)) - `curl` (often provided by your operating system) <ins> - `jq` ([download jq](https://stedolan.github.io/jq/download/)) </ins> ## Verifying binary signatures


Question:
This is a Feature Request After release, we don't need . We should update the instructions on the task to include verification using cosign 2.0 <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <details<summaryverification using cosign 2.0</summaryAdd a note if cosign version < 2.0 </details<!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --Why is this needed There are some breaking changes in cosign 2.0 and we should update the instruction for the verification of images. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
/sig release /sig security /retitle Update page Verify Signed Kubernetes Artifacts for cosign 2.0 /kind bug /remove-kind feature /language en /triage accepted Thanks
:+1:
I can work on this /assign
Hey Are you still working on this issue? If not, can I work on this?
Haven't gotten to it as I expected to. Please feel free to work on it /unassign
/assign
FYI
Apologies for not being able to review the PR. I am going through University exams which is ending tomorrow. I just rushed through the changes that you made and you really did awesome work on this. I'll look more into this after the exams. Thanks for working on this.

done ``` <del> Then verify the blob by using `cosign`: </del> <ins> Then verify the blob by using `cosign verify-blob`: </ins> ```shell <del> cosign verify-blob "$BINARY" --signature "$BINARY".sig --certificate "$BINARY".cert </del> <ins> cosign verify-blob "$BINARY"  --signature "$BINARY".sig  --certificate "$BINARY".cert  --certificate-identity krel-staging@k8s-releng-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com  --certificate-oidc-issuer https://accounts.google.com </ins> ``` <del> cosign v1.9.0 is required to be able to use the `--certificate` flag. Please use `--cert` for older versions of cosign. </del> {{< note >}} <del> To learn more about keyless signing, please refer to [Keyless Signatures](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/main/KEYLESS.md#keyless-signatures). </del> <ins> Cosign 2.0 requires the `--certificate-identity` and `--certificate-oidc-issuer` options. To learn more about keyless signing, please refer to [Keyless Signatures](https://docs.sigstore.dev/cosign/keyless). Previous versions of Cosign required that you set `COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=1`. For additional information, plase refer to the [sigstore Blog](https://blog.sigstore.dev/cosign-2-0-released/) </ins> {{< /note >}} ## Verifying image signatures


Question:
This is a Feature Request After release, we don't need . We should update the instructions on the task to include verification using cosign 2.0 <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <details<summaryverification using cosign 2.0</summaryAdd a note if cosign version < 2.0 </details<!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --Why is this needed There are some breaking changes in cosign 2.0 and we should update the instruction for the verification of images. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
/sig release /sig security /retitle Update page Verify Signed Kubernetes Artifacts for cosign 2.0 /kind bug /remove-kind feature /language en /triage accepted Thanks
:+1:
I can work on this /assign
Hey Are you still working on this issue? If not, can I work on this?
Haven't gotten to it as I expected to. Please feel free to work on it /unassign
/assign
FYI
Apologies for not being able to review the PR. I am going through University exams which is ending tomorrow. I just rushed through the changes that you made and you really did awesome work on this. I'll look more into this after the exams. Thanks for working on this.

For a complete list of images that are signed please refer to [Releases](/releases/download/). <del> Let's pick one image from this list and verify its signature using </del> <ins> Pick one image from this list and verify its signature using </ins> the `cosign verify` command: ```shell <del> COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=1 cosign verify registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver-amd64:v{{< skew currentPatchVersion >}} </del> <ins> cosign verify registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver-amd64:v{{< skew currentPatchVersion >}}  --certificate-identity krel-trust@k8s-releng-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com  --certificate-oidc-issuer https://accounts.google.com  | jq . </ins> ``` <del> {{< note >}} `COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=1` is used to allow verification of images signed in `KEYLESS` mode. To learn more about keyless signing, please refer to [Keyless Signatures](https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/blob/main/KEYLESS.md#keyless-signatures) . {{< /note >}} </del> ### Verifying images for all control plane components <del> To verify all signed control plane images, please run this command: </del> <ins> To verify all signed control plane images for the latest stable version (v{{< skew currentPatchVersion >}}), please run the following commands: </ins> ```shell <del> curl -Ls "https://sbom.k8s.io/$(curl -Ls https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/release" | grep "SPDXID: SPDXRef-Package-registry.k8s.io" |  grep -v sha256 | cut -d- -f3- | sed 's/-///' | sed 's/-v1/:v1/' > images.txt </del> <ins> curl -Ls "https://sbom.k8s.io/$(curl -Ls https://dl.k8s.io/release/stable.txt)/release"  | grep "SPDXID: SPDXRef-Package-registry.k8s.io"  | grep -v sha256 | cut -d- -f3- | sed 's/-///' | sed 's/-v1/:v1/'  | sort > images.txt </ins> input=images.txt while IFS= read -r image do <del> COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL=1 cosign verify "$image" </del> <ins> cosign verify "$image"  --certificate-identity krel-trust@k8s-releng-prod.iam.gserviceaccount.com  --certificate-oidc-issuer https://accounts.google.com  | jq . </ins> done < "$input" ``` <del> Once you have verified an image, specify that image by its digest in your Pod manifests as per this example: `registry-url/image-name@sha256:45b23dee08af5e43a7fea6c4cf9c25ccf269ee113168c19722f87876677c5cb2` . </del> <ins> Once you have verified an image, you can specify the image by its digest in your Pod manifests as per this example: ```console registry-url/image-name@sha256:45b23dee08af5e43a7fea6c4cf9c25ccf269ee113168c19722f87876677c5cb2 ``` </ins> For more information, please refer <del> to [Image Pull Policy](/docs/concepts/containers/images/#image-pull-policy) </del> <ins> to the [Image Pull Policy](/docs/concepts/containers/images/#image-pull-policy) </ins> section. ## Verifying Image Signatures with Admission Controller <del> For non-control plane images ( e.g. [conformance image](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/test/conformance/image/README.md)) , signatures can also be verified at deploy time using </del> <ins> For non-control plane images (for example [conformance image](https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/blob/master/test/conformance/image/README.md)), signatures can also be verified at deploy time using </ins> [sigstore policy-controller](https://docs.sigstore.dev/policy-controller/overview) <del> admission controller. To get started with `policy-controller` here are a few helpful resources: </del> <ins> admission controller. Here are some helpful resources to get started with `policy-controller`: </ins> - [Installation](https://github.com/sigstore/helm-charts/tree/main/charts/policy-controller) - [Configuration Options](https://github.com/sigstore/policy-controller/tree/main/config)


Question:
This is a Bug Report Problem: The versions of the cri-tools and cni-plugins dependencies was updated in packages, but not in the documentation: Proposed Solution: Update the versions, to match what is in the deb/rpm packages. Currently they are not pinned, but installs the latest: Compared with the deb installation: Page to Update: Kubernetes Version: 27.0 <!--Additional Information:--Related:
/sig cluster-lifecycle /help
This request has been marked as needing help from a contributor. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /sig cluster-lifecycle /help Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/triage accepted /priority backlog
/assign
/unassign

Install CNI plugins (required for most pod network): ```bash <del> CNI_PLUGINS_VERSION="v1.1.1" </del> <ins> CNI_PLUGINS_VERSION="v1.2.0" </ins> ARCH="amd64" DEST="/opt/cni/bin" sudo mkdir -p "$DEST"


Question:
This is a Bug Report Problem: The versions of the cri-tools and cni-plugins dependencies was updated in packages, but not in the documentation: Proposed Solution: Update the versions, to match what is in the deb/rpm packages. Currently they are not pinned, but installs the latest: Compared with the deb installation: Page to Update: Kubernetes Version: 27.0 <!--Additional Information:--Related:
/sig cluster-lifecycle /help
This request has been marked as needing help from a contributor. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /sig cluster-lifecycle /help Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/triage accepted /priority backlog
/assign
/unassign

Install crictl (required for kubeadm / Kubelet Container Runtime Interface (CRI)) ```bash <del> CRICTL_VERSION="v1.25.0" </del> <ins> CRICTL_VERSION="v1.26.0" </ins> ARCH="amd64" curl -L "https://github.com/kubernetes-sigs/cri-tools/releases/download/${CRICTL_VERSION}/crictl-${CRICTL_VERSION}-linux-${ARCH}.tar.gz" | sudo tar -C $DOWNLOAD_DIR -xz ```


Question:
This is a Bug Report Problem: The versions of the cri-tools and cni-plugins dependencies was updated in packages, but not in the documentation: Proposed Solution: Update the versions, to match what is in the deb/rpm packages. Currently they are not pinned, but installs the latest: Compared with the deb installation: Page to Update: Kubernetes Version: 27.0 <!--Additional Information:--Related:
/sig cluster-lifecycle /help
This request has been marked as needing help from a contributor. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /sig cluster-lifecycle /help Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/triage accepted /priority backlog
/assign
/unassign

## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}} <del> * [Using kubeadm to Create a Cluster](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/) </del> <ins> * [Using kubeadm to Create a Cluster](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/create-cluster-kubeadm/) </ins>  No newline at end of file


Question:
This is a Feature Request <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --I think adding some expressions to indicate controller manager runs many controllers explicitly, moreover indicate the actual amount of controllers in document page is useful for beginner. Why is this needed When I communicated with some k8s beginners, they think controller-manager only run 4 controllers refered to the document. Actually controller manager has run nearly 40 controllers currently, and the amount will increase in the future in predict. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
Its difficult to mention all the controllers in the document as some examples of the controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager process. There are additional controllers for different aspects of the Kubernetes cluster.
/language en Rather we can say there are more controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager. With few more examples
/triage accepted /priority backlog Don't add more examples. Instead, reword to make it clearer that the 4 examples listed are selected from a much larger set.
Expression in is puzzled too
There I would make changes. Swap: remove “replication controller” out, using “statefulset controller” as its replacement remove “endpoints controller” out, using “endpointslice controller” as its replacement
/good-first-issue
This request has been marked as suitable for new contributors. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /good-first-issue Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
I'd like to work on this
/assign
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{{< glossary_definition term_id="kube-controller-manager" length="all" >}} <del> Some types of these controllers are: </del> <ins> There are many different types of controllers. Some examples of them are: </ins> * Node controller: Responsible for noticing and responding when nodes go down. * Job controller: Watches for Job objects that represent one-off tasks, then creates


Question:
This is a Feature Request <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --I think adding some expressions to indicate controller manager runs many controllers explicitly, moreover indicate the actual amount of controllers in document page is useful for beginner. Why is this needed When I communicated with some k8s beginners, they think controller-manager only run 4 controllers refered to the document. Actually controller manager has run nearly 40 controllers currently, and the amount will increase in the future in predict. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
Its difficult to mention all the controllers in the document as some examples of the controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager process. There are additional controllers for different aspects of the Kubernetes cluster.
/language en Rather we can say there are more controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager. With few more examples
/triage accepted /priority backlog Don't add more examples. Instead, reword to make it clearer that the 4 examples listed are selected from a much larger set.
Expression in is puzzled too
There I would make changes. Swap: remove “replication controller” out, using “statefulset controller” as its replacement remove “endpoints controller” out, using “endpointslice controller” as its replacement
/good-first-issue
This request has been marked as suitable for new contributors. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /good-first-issue Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
I'd like to work on this
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* EndpointSlice controller: Populates EndpointSlice objects (to provide a link between Services and Pods). * ServiceAccount controller: Create default ServiceAccounts for new namespaces. <ins> The above is not an exhaustive list. </ins> ### cloud-controller-manager {{< glossary_definition term_id="cloud-controller-manager" length="short" >}}


Question:
This is a Feature Request <!-- Please only use this template for submitting feature/enhancement requests --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --What would you like to be <!-- Describe as precisely as possible how this feature/enhancement should work from the user perspective. What should be changed, etc. --I think adding some expressions to indicate controller manager runs many controllers explicitly, moreover indicate the actual amount of controllers in document page is useful for beginner. Why is this needed When I communicated with some k8s beginners, they think controller-manager only run 4 controllers refered to the document. Actually controller manager has run nearly 40 controllers currently, and the amount will increase in the future in predict. Comments <!-- Any additional related comments that might help. Drawings/mockups would be extremely helpful (if required). --
Its difficult to mention all the controllers in the document as some examples of the controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager process. There are additional controllers for different aspects of the Kubernetes cluster.
/language en Rather we can say there are more controllers that run within the kube-controller-manager. With few more examples
/triage accepted /priority backlog Don't add more examples. Instead, reword to make it clearer that the 4 examples listed are selected from a much larger set.
Expression in is puzzled too
There I would make changes. Swap: remove “replication controller” out, using “statefulset controller” as its replacement remove “endpoints controller” out, using “endpointslice controller” as its replacement
/good-first-issue
This request has been marked as suitable for new contributors. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /good-first-issue Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
I'd like to work on this
/assign
/assign
Hey has assigned this issue already. You can find another issue that you can work on.

* Etcd's official [documentation](https://etcd.io/docs/). * Several [container runtimes](/docs/setup/production-environment/container-runtimes/) in Kubernetes. * Integrating with cloud providers using [cloud-controller-manager](/docs/concepts/architecture/cloud-controller/). <del> * [kubectl](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands) commands. </del> <ins> * [kubectl](/docs/reference/generated/kubectl/kubectl-commands) commands. </ins>  No newline at end of file


Question:
The command showed nothing. But this command worked. It looks like the labels have been changed and now the example is different from the real state of version 1.27.3.
Page related to issue: /language en
/retitle Incorrect label in kubectl command for inspecting Leases for kube-apiserver
Judging from the k8s upstream code, this label has indeed been changed and the documentation needs to be updated. /cc for confirm
/sig apps
/assign
/sig api-machinery
/triage accepted
/assign

each kube-apiserver. You can inspect Leases owned by each kube-apiserver by checking for lease objects in the `kube-system` namespace <del> with the name `kube-apiserver-<sha256-hash>`. Alternatively you can use the label selector `k8s.io/component=kube-apiserver`: </del> <ins> with the name `kube-apiserver-<sha256-hash>`. Alternatively you can use the label selector `apiserver.kubernetes.io/identity=kube-apiserver`: </ins> ```shell <del> kubectl -n kube-system get lease -l k8s.io/component=kube-apiserver </del> <ins> kubectl -n kube-system get lease -l apiserver.kubernetes.io/identity=kube-apiserver </ins> ``` ``` NAME                                        HOLDER                                                                           AGE <del> kube-apiserver-c4vwjftbvpc5os2vvzle4qg27a   kube-apiserver-c4vwjftbvpc5os2vvzle4qg27a_9cbf54e5-1136-44bd-8f9a-1dcd15c346b4   5m33s kube-apiserver-dz2dqprdpsgnm756t5rnov7yka   kube-apiserver-dz2dqprdpsgnm756t5rnov7yka_84f2a85d-37c1-4b14-b6b9-603e62e4896f   4m23s kube-apiserver-fyloo45sdenffw2ugwaz3likua   kube-apiserver-fyloo45sdenffw2ugwaz3likua_c5ffa286-8a9a-45d4-91e7-61118ed58d2e   4m43s </del> <ins> apiserver-07a5ea9b9b072c4a5f3d1c3702        apiserver-07a5ea9b9b072c4a5f3d1c3702_0c8914f7-0f35-440e-8676-7844977d3a05        5m33s apiserver-7be9e061c59d368b3ddaf1376e        apiserver-7be9e061c59d368b3ddaf1376e_84f2a85d-37c1-4b14-b6b9-603e62e4896f        4m23s apiserver-1dfef752bcb36637d2763d1868        apiserver-1dfef752bcb36637d2763d1868_c5ffa286-8a9a-45d4-91e7-61118ed58d2e        4m43s </ins> ``` The SHA256 hash used in the lease name is based on the OS hostname as seen by that API server. Each kube-apiserver should be


Question:
The command showed nothing. But this command worked. It looks like the labels have been changed and now the example is different from the real state of version 1.27.3.
Page related to issue: /language en
/retitle Incorrect label in kubectl command for inspecting Leases for kube-apiserver
Judging from the k8s upstream code, this label has indeed been changed and the documentation needs to be updated. /cc for confirm
/sig apps
/assign
/sig api-machinery
/triage accepted
/assign

hostname used by kube-apisever by checking the value of the `kubernetes.io/hostname` label: ```shell <del> kubectl -n kube-system get lease kube-apiserver-c4vwjftbvpc5os2vvzle4qg27a -o yaml </del> <ins> kubectl -n kube-system get lease apiserver-07a5ea9b9b072c4a5f3d1c3702 -o yaml </ins> ``` ```yaml apiVersion: coordination.k8s.io/v1 kind: Lease metadata: <del> creationTimestamp: "2022-11-30T15:37:15Z" </del> <ins> creationTimestamp: "2023-07-02T13:16:48Z" </ins> labels: <del> k8s.io/component: kube-apiserver kubernetes.io/hostname: kind-control-plane name: kube-apiserver-c4vwjftbvpc5os2vvzle4qg27a </del> <ins> apiserver.kubernetes.io/identity: kube-apiserver kubernetes.io/hostname: master-1 name: apiserver-07a5ea9b9b072c4a5f3d1c3702 </ins> namespace: kube-system <del> resourceVersion: "18171" uid: d6c68901-4ec5-4385-b1ef-2d783738da6c </del> <ins> resourceVersion: "334899" uid: 90870ab5-1ba9-4523-b215-e4d4e662acb1 </ins> spec: <del> holderIdentity: kube-apiserver-c4vwjftbvpc5os2vvzle4qg27a_9cbf54e5-1136-44bd-8f9a-1dcd15c346b4 </del> <ins> holderIdentity: apiserver-07a5ea9b9b072c4a5f3d1c3702_0c8914f7-0f35-440e-8676-7844977d3a05 </ins> leaseDurationSeconds: 3600 <del> renewTime: "2022-11-30T18:04:27.912073Z" </del> <ins> renewTime: "2023-07-04T21:58:48.065888Z" </ins> ``` Expired leases from kube-apiservers that no longer exist are garbage collected by new kube-apiservers after 1 hour.


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!--Required Information--Problem: The under the in redirects to the following link: i.e. concept page in which there is nothing about Service Proxy. It is due to the revision of the Service concept page by the following PR: Proposed Solution: service proxy should redirect to instead of Page to Update:
/sig network /sig docs
I am working on the issue and will raise a PR soon. Thanks /assign
/triage accepted /priority backlog
Fixed it here:

You should now be able to curl the nginx Service on `<CLUSTER-IP>:<PORT>` from any node in your cluster. Note that the Service IP is completely virtual, it never hits the wire. If you're curious about how this works you can read more <del> about the [service proxy](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#virtual-ips-and-service-proxies). </del> <ins> about the [service proxy](/docs/reference/networking/virtual-ips/). </ins> ## Accessing the Service


Question:
This is a Bug Report Problem: The link for under the in is wrong. It is redirected to the instead of that it should redirect to the Proposed Solution: IPv4/IPv6 dual stack should redirect to the instead to the Page to Update: <!--Optional Information (remove the comment tags around information you would like to include)--<!--Kubernetes Version:--<!--Additional Information:--
/sig network /sig docs
I would like to work on it /assign
/language en
This issue is resolved here
/triage accepted

| Session affinity | Ensures that connections from a particular client are passed to the same Pod each time. | Windows Server 2022 | Set `service.spec.sessionAffinity` to "ClientIP" | | Direct Server Return (DSR) | Load balancing mode where the IP address fixups and the LBNAT occurs at the container vSwitch port directly; service traffic arrives with the source IP set as the originating pod IP. | Windows Server 2019 | Set the following flags in kube-proxy: `--feature-gates="WinDSR=true" --enable-dsr=true` | | Preserve-Destination | Skips DNAT of service traffic, thereby preserving the virtual IP of the target service in packets reaching the backend Pod. Also disables node-node forwarding. | Windows Server, version 1903 | Set `"preserve-destination": "true"` in service annotations and enable DSR in kube-proxy. | <del> | IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking | Native IPv4-to-IPv4 in parallel with IPv6-to-IPv6 communications to, from, and within a cluster | Windows Server 2019 | See [IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack](#ipv4ipv6-dual-stack) | </del> <ins> | IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack networking | Native IPv4-to-IPv4 in parallel with IPv6-to-IPv6 communications to, from, and within a cluster | Windows Server 2019 | See [IPv4/IPv6 dual-stack](/docs/concepts/services-networking/dual-stack/#windows-support) | </ins> | Client IP preservation | Ensures that source IP of incoming ingress traffic gets preserved. Also disables node-node forwarding. |  Windows Server 2019  | Set `service.spec.externalTrafficPolicy` to "Local" and enable DSR in kube-proxy | {{< /table >}}


Question:
From the link to is broken
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
Page related to issue: /language it
/retitle [it] Broken link for "Create a cluster in High-Availability" in Kubernetes Components page /kind bug
/assign
can i contribute to this
The link is broken in every component !
/assign

I componenti del Control Plane sono responsabili di tutte le decisioni globali sul cluster (ad esempio, lo scheduling) oltre che a rilevare e rispondere agli eventi del cluster (ad esempio, l'avvio di un nuovo {{< glossary_tooltip text="pod" term_id="pod">}} quando il valore `replicas` di un deployment non è soddisfatto). I componenti della Control Plane possono essere eseguiti su qualsiasi nodo del cluster stesso. Solitamente, per semplicità, gli script di installazione tendono a eseguire tutti i componenti della Control Plane sulla stessa macchina, separando la Control Plane dai workload dell'utente. <del> Vedi [creare un cluster in High-Availability](/docs/admin/high-availability/) per un esempio di un'installazione multi-master. </del> <ins> Vedi [creare un cluster in High-Availability](/docs/setup/production-environment/tools/kubeadm/high-availability/) per un esempio di un'installazione multi-master. </ins> ### kube-apiserver


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

body.cid-community #navigation-items { padding: 0.25em; <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> max-width: initial; margin-top: 2.5em;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

body.cid-community #gallery { display: flex; <del> max-width: 100vw; </del> <ins> max-width: 100%; </ins> gap: 0.75rem; justify-content: center; margin-left: auto;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

body.cid-community .community-section#events { <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> max-width: initial; margin-bottom: 0;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

} body.cid-community .community-section#values { <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> max-width: initial; background-image: url('/images/community/event-bg.jpg'); color: #fff;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

} body.cid-community .community-section#meetups { <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> max-width: initial; margin-top: 0;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

background-repeat: no-repeat, repeat; background-size: auto 100%, cover; color: #fff; <del> width: 100vw; </del> /* fallback in case calc() fails */ padding: 5vw; padding-bottom: 1em;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

} body.cid-community #videos { <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> max-width: initial; padding: 0.5em 5vw 5% 5vw; /* fallback in case calc() fails */ background-color: #eeeeee;


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

body.cid-community .community-section.community-frame { <del> width: 100vw; </del> <ins> width: 100%; </ins> } body.cid-community .community-section.community-frame .twittercol1 {


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: Proposed Solution: Page to Update: /assign
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
During my browsing of the docs on a mobile device, I came across a similar situation on another page, specifically in the . It seems this issue might be widespread and could be affecting multiple pages, not limited to just the community page. Perhaps we could explore identifying a CSS fix that enhances the rendering of pages with wider elements. This way, we can efficiently resolve the problem and improve the overall user experience.
/area web-development
I tried making some changes on the source, A simple overflow - x in the right places seems to solve the problem. ! However, I'd often come across such problems when the scaling isn't managed properly. I'm sure there are better ways to get this problem fixed.
I see, In that case I'll try to find anymore pages that might be having the same issue.
Similar issue is present in case study

body.cid-community .community-section#meetups p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 6em; /* extra space for background */ } <ins> } @media only screen and (max-width: 767px) { body.cid-community .community-section h2:before, body.cid-community .community-section h2:after { display: none; } </ins> }  No newline at end of file


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: According to , Kubernetes uses an annotation: . However, this annotation isn't registered (registration means adding it into ) Proposed Solution: Register and document the annotation. I am not sure which version of Kubernetes / will add the support for this annotation. Page to Update: <!--Optional Information (remove the comment tags around information you would like to include)--<!--Kubernetes Version:--Additional Information: /sig api-machinery /language en
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
The label cannot be applied. Only GitHub organization members can add the label. <detailsIn response to : /triage accepted Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
Anyone is welcome to work on this. See for information about contributing to Kubernetes, including to the documentation.
The label cannot be applied. Only GitHub organization members can add the label. <detailsIn response to : /triage accepted Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
hey can i work on this issue
Anyone is (still) welcome to work on this. See for information about contributing to Kubernetes, including to the documentation.
can you assign me this issue i would like to work on this issue
you are welcome to work on this issue; we have a no cookie licking policy in SIG Docs. Anyone is welcome to work on an issue. If someone has already said that they plan to work on it, it's polite to liaise with them first. However, a second contributor can join the effort: either by opening their own PR, by reviewing the first contributor's work, or by some other means such as pairing. We rarely assign issues to contributors because of the policy on .
I'll add one thing. If people - including you - would like to document a missing annotation, take a look at Working top down (ie, oldest first) is even more helpful.
/assign

## Labels, annotations and taints used on API objects <ins> ### apf.kubernetes.io/autoupdate-spec Type: Annotation Example: `apf.kubernetes.io/autoupdate-spec: "true"` Used on: [`FlowSchema` and `PriorityLevelConfiguration` Objects](/concepts/cluster-administration/flow-control/#defaults) If this annotation is set to true on a FlowSchema or PriorityLevelConfiguration, the `spec` for that object is managed by the kube-apiserver. If the API server does not recognize an APF object, and you annotate it for automatic update, the API server deletes the entire object. Otherwise, the API server does not manage the object spec. For more details, read  [Maintenance of the Mandatory and Suggested Configuration Objects](/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/flow-control/#maintenance-of-the-mandatory-and-suggested-configuration-objects). </ins> ### app.kubernetes.io/component Type: Label


Question:
This is a Bug Report Problem: Repetitive word in Installing section under Note. Proposed Solution: Remove the repetitive word 'to' Page to Update:
/sig docs /language en /good-first-issue
This request has been marked as suitable for new contributors. Please ensure that the issue body includes answers to the following questions: Why are we solving this issue? To address this issue, are there any code changes? If there are code changes, what needs to be done in the code and what places can the assignee treat as reference points? Does this issue have zero to low barrier of entry? How can the assignee reach out to you for help? For more details on the requirements of such an issue, please see and ensure that they are met. If this request no longer meets these requirements, the label can be removed by commenting with the command. <detailsIn response to : /sig docs /language en /good-first-issue Instructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
/retitle Repeated word in Install kubeadm page /triage accepted
I will sumbit fix for this plzz /assign
I have attempt to make change for this inf

over the package builds. This means that anything before v1.24.0 will only be available in the Google-hosted repository. - There's a dedicated package repository for each Kubernetes minor version. <del> When upgrading to to a different minor release, you must bear in mind that </del> <ins> When upgrading to a different minor release, you must bear in mind that </ins> the package repository details also change. {{< /note >}}


Question:
This is a Bug Report <!-- Thanks for filing an issue! Before submitting, please fill in the following information. --<!-- See for guidance on writing an actionable issue description. --<!--Required Information--Problem: The link to in the code security section of leads to a 404 error. Proposed Solution: Replace the link with a working one or remove it. Page to Update: <!--Optional Information (remove the comment tags around information you would like to include)--<!--Kubernetes Version:--<!--Additional Information:--
/sig security /triage accepted
can we use the following link for ZAP: The above link redirects to the ZAP website.
cc your thoughts on this
/assign

Limiting port ranges of communication | This recommendation may be a bit self-explanatory, but wherever possible you should only expose the ports on your service that are absolutely essential for communication or metric gathering. | 3rd Party Dependency Security | It is a good practice to regularly scan your application's third party libraries for known security vulnerabilities. Each programming language has a tool for performing this check automatically. | Static Code Analysis | Most languages provide a way for a snippet of code to be analyzed for any potentially unsafe coding practices. Whenever possible you should perform checks using automated tooling that can scan codebases for common security errors. Some of the tools can be found at: https://owasp.org/www-community/Source_Code_Analysis_Tools | <del> Dynamic probing attacks | There are a few automated tools that you can run against your service to try some of the well known service attacks. These include SQL injection, CSRF, and XSS. One of the most popular dynamic analysis tools is the [OWASP Zed Attack proxy](https://owasp.org/www-project-zap/) tool. | </del> <ins> Dynamic probing attacks | There are a few automated tools that you can run against your service to try some of the well known service attacks. These include SQL injection, CSRF, and XSS. One of the most popular dynamic analysis tools is the [OWASP Zed Attack proxy](https://www.zaproxy.org/) tool. | </ins> {{< /table >}}


Question:
Kindly note that you asked us to delete the service in the previous section. Please update the docs by asking to restore the service first before running this command.
This issue is currently awaiting triage. SIG Docs takes a lead on issue triage for this website, but any Kubernetes member can accept issues by applying the label. The label can be by org members by writing in a comment. <detailsInstructions for interacting with me using PR comments are available . If you have questions or suggestions related to my behavior, please file an issue against the repository. </details
Could you please provide some details on the issue in the section? /triage needs-information
Page related to the issue: /language en /sig autoscaling
/kind bug
/assign

If you haven't worked through the earlier sections, start from Using minikube to create a cluster.

Scaling is accomplished by changing the number of replicas in a Deployment

  NOTE  If you are trying this after the previous section , you may need to start from creating a cluster as the services may have been deleted


Question:
Run kubeadm upgrade node phase kubelet-config to download the latest kubelet-config ConfigMap contents into the local file The local file name should be
Page related to issue: /language en
/retitle Incorrect file mentioned in command
/sig cluster-lifecycle
plz I want help to fix this /assign
FYI, the same incorrect filename exists in other places on the same page. Two are in the second blue-barred Note pane below the command, and three are further down in the section
(or other maintainers) Can I get confirmation and go ahead please; if this be a tirage-accepted issue to that i can proceed with the fix.
/triage accepted /kind bug Thanks for spotting this.
I have attempt to make fix for this in

To reflect the change on kubeadm nodes you must do the following: - Log in to a kubeadm node - Run `kubeadm upgrade node phase kubelet-config` to download the latest `kubelet-config` <del> ConfigMap contents into the local file `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf` </del> <ins> ConfigMap contents into the local file `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` </ins> - Edit the file `/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env` to apply additional configuration with flags - Restart the kubelet service with `systemctl restart kubelet`


Question:
Run kubeadm upgrade node phase kubelet-config to download the latest kubelet-config ConfigMap contents into the local file The local file name should be
Page related to issue: /language en
/retitle Incorrect file mentioned in command
/sig cluster-lifecycle
plz I want help to fix this /assign
FYI, the same incorrect filename exists in other places on the same page. Two are in the second blue-barred Note pane below the command, and three are further down in the section
(or other maintainers) Can I get confirmation and go ahead please; if this be a tirage-accepted issue to that i can proceed with the fix.
/triage accepted /kind bug Thanks for spotting this.
I have attempt to make fix for this in

{{< note >}} During `kubeadm upgrade`, kubeadm downloads the `KubeletConfiguration` from the <del> `kubelet-config` ConfigMap and overwrite the contents of `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf`. </del> <ins> `kubelet-config` ConfigMap and overwrite the contents of `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml`. </ins> This means that node local configuration must be applied either by flags in `/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env` or by manually updating the contents of <del> `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf` after `kubeadm upgrade`, and then restarting the kubelet. </del> <ins> `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` after `kubeadm upgrade`, and then restarting the kubelet. </ins> {{< /note >}} ### Applying kube-proxy configuration changes


Question:
Run kubeadm upgrade node phase kubelet-config to download the latest kubelet-config ConfigMap contents into the local file The local file name should be
Page related to issue: /language en
/retitle Incorrect file mentioned in command
/sig cluster-lifecycle
plz I want help to fix this /assign
FYI, the same incorrect filename exists in other places on the same page. Two are in the second blue-barred Note pane below the command, and three are further down in the section
(or other maintainers) Can I get confirmation and go ahead please; if this be a tirage-accepted issue to that i can proceed with the fix.
/triage accepted /kind bug Thanks for spotting this.
I have attempt to make fix for this in

#### Persisting kubelet reconfiguration <del> Any changes to the `KubeletConfiguration` stored in `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf` will be overwritten on </del> <ins> Any changes to the `KubeletConfiguration` stored in `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` will be overwritten on </ins> `kubeadm upgrade` by downloading the contents of the cluster wide `kubelet-config` ConfigMap. <del> To persist kubelet node specific configuration either the file `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf` </del> <ins> To persist kubelet node specific configuration either the file `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` </ins> has to be updated manually post-upgrade or the file `/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env` can include flags. The kubelet flags override the associated `KubeletConfiguration` options, but note that some of the flags are deprecated. <del> A kubelet restart will be required after changing `/var/lib/kubelet/config.conf` or </del> <ins> A kubelet restart will be required after changing `/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml` or </ins> `/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env`. ## {{% heading "whatsnext" %}}


Question:
This is a Feature Request What would you like to be High level documentation for Gateway API with links out to https://gateway- This should include the following: new "Gateway API" page between Service and Ingress in This should provide a high level overview of Gateway API, with a focus on content that is unlikely to become stale. This can likely take some content from both https://gateway- and https://gateway- and would help increase the discoverability of Gateway API. the "Ingress" page to note that the API is effectively frozen and all new features are being to Gateway API (with a corresponding link to the page by 1). the section on the "Service" page that references Ingress and Gateway API to give more prominence to Gateway API. Why is this needed With the upcoming graduation of Gateway API to GA (x-ref ), it's past time to cover it in Kubernetes docs. Comments I'd previously talked with about this at a high level, but definitely let me know if you've got any suggestions for how we can scope/adjust this differently. /sig network /assign
checkout the gateway API in the section and look out for the bugs
/triage accepted /priority important-longterm
How about adding a short link eg that redirects (302) to https://gateway- ?
I'd put Service, Ingress, then Gateway - and leave it in that order until most new clusters include Gateway as an add-on.
Also see

and bare metal workloads. * [Flannel](https://github.com/flannel-io/flannel#deploying-flannel-manually) is an overlay network provider that can be used with Kubernetes. <ins> * [Gateway API](/docs/concepts/services-networking/gateway/) is an open source project managed by the [SIG Network](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/tree/master/sig-network) community and provides an expressive, extensible, and role-oriented API for modeling service networking. </ins> * [Knitter](https://github.com/ZTE/Knitter/) is a plugin to support multiple network interfaces in a Kubernetes pod. * [Multus](https://github.com/k8snetworkplumbingwg/multus-cni) is a Multi plugin for


Question:
This is a Feature Request What would you like to be High level documentation for Gateway API with links out to https://gateway- This should include the following: new "Gateway API" page between Service and Ingress in This should provide a high level overview of Gateway API, with a focus on content that is unlikely to become stale. This can likely take some content from both https://gateway- and https://gateway- and would help increase the discoverability of Gateway API. the "Ingress" page to note that the API is effectively frozen and all new features are being to Gateway API (with a corresponding link to the page by 1). the section on the "Service" page that references Ingress and Gateway API to give more prominence to Gateway API. Why is this needed With the upcoming graduation of Gateway API to GA (x-ref ), it's past time to cover it in Kubernetes docs. Comments I'd previously talked with about this at a high level, but definitely let me know if you've got any suggestions for how we can scope/adjust this differently. /sig network /assign
checkout the gateway API in the section and look out for the bugs
/triage accepted /priority important-longterm
How about adding a short link eg that redirects (302) to https://gateway- ?
I'd put Service, Ingress, then Gateway - and leave it in that order until most new clusters include Gateway as an add-on.
Also see

to be reachable from outside your cluster. - [Ingress](/docs/concepts/services-networking/ingress/) provides extra functionality specifically for exposing HTTP applications, websites and APIs. <ins> - [Gateway API](/docs/concepts/services-networking/gateway/) is an {{<glossary_tooltip text="add-on" term_id="addons">}} that provides an expressive, extensible, and role-oriented family of API kinds for modeling service networking. </ins> - You can also use Services to [publish services only for consumption inside your cluster](/docs/concepts/services-networking/service-traffic-policy/).