pmcid stringlengths 6 6 | title stringlengths 33 185 | abstract stringlengths 168 3.26k | fulltext stringlengths 7.55k 58.3k | file_path stringlengths 64 64 | pmid stringlengths 8 8 | doi stringlengths 21 28 |
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526202 | PCOGR: Phylogenetic COG ranking as an online tool to judge the specificity of COGs with respect to freely definable groups of organisms | Background The rapidly increasing number of completely sequenced genomes led to the establishment of the COG-database which, based on sequence homologies, assigns similar proteins from different organisms to clusters of orthologous groups (COGs). There are several bioinformatic studies that made use of this database to... | Background The COG-database has become a powerful tool in the field of comparative genomics. The construction of this data base is based on sequence homologies of proteins from different completely sequenced genomes. Highly homologous proteins are assigned to clusters of orthologous groups (COGs) [ 1 , 2 ]. Each of the... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC526202.xml | 15488147 | 10.1186/1471-2105-5-150 |
524373 | The fallacy of enrolling only high-risk subjects in cancer prevention trials: Is there a "free lunch"? | Background There is a common belief that most cancer prevention trials should be restricted to high-risk subjects in order to increase statistical power. This strategy is appropriate if the ultimate target population is subjects at the same high-risk. However if the target population is the general population, three as... | Background Some prevention trials are restricted to high-risk subjects. If the investigators are only interested in the effects of the intervention on subjects at increased risk [ 1 ] or if the study is designed to be a preliminary investigation in preparation for a definitive study in the general population, we think ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC524373.xml | 15461821 | 10.1186/1471-2288-4-24 |
524367 | Perceived personal, social and environmental barriers to weight maintenance among young women: A community survey | Background Young women are a group at high risk of weight gain. This study examined a range of perceived personal, social and environmental barriers to physical activity and healthy eating for weight maintenance among young women, and how these varied by socioeconomic status (SES), overweight status and domestic situat... | Introduction In many developed countries, overweight and obesity have reached epidemic proportions [ 1 - 8 ]. One group at particular risk of weight gain and the development of obesity is young women[ 2 , 9 , 10 ]. In the US, for example, one study that tracked weight in a large population sample over a 10-year period ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC524367.xml | 15462679 | 10.1186/1479-5868-1-15 |
545955 | Antitumor effects of two bisdioxopiperazines against two experimental lung cancer models in vivo | Background Probimane (Pro), an anti-cancer agent originating in China, was derived from razoxane (ICRF-159, Raz), a drug created in Britain, specifically targeting at cancer metastasis and as a cardioprotectant of anthrocyclines. Pro and Raz are bisdioxopiperazine compounds. In this work, we evaluated the anti-tumor an... | Background Razoxane (ICRF-159) ( Raz ), first developed in UK, was the earliest agent against spontaneous metastasis for the murine model (Lewis lung carcinoma) in 1969 [ 1 ]. A large volume of papers and projects have been published in the utilities and mechanisms of Raz for anticancer actions, like assisting radiothe... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC545955.xml | 15617579 | 10.1186/1471-2210-4-32 |
526216 | Imbalance in the health workforce | Imbalance in the health workforce is a major concern in both developed and developing countries. It is a complex issue that encompasses a wide range of possible situations. This paper aims to contribute not only to a better understanding of the issues related to imbalance through a critical review of its definition and... | Introduction Imbalance in the health workforce is a major challenge for health policy-makers, since human resources – the different kinds of clinical and non-clinical staff who make each individual and public health intervention happen – are the most important of the health system's inputs [ 1 ]. Imbalance is not a new... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC526216.xml | 15377382 | 10.1186/1478-4491-2-13 |
517949 | Comparison of the NEI-VFQ and OSDI questionnaires in patients with Sjögren's syndrome-related dry eye | Background To examine the associations between vision-targeted health-related quality of life (VT-HRQ) and ocular surface parameters in patients with Sjögren's syndrome, a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by dry eye and dry mouth. Methods Forty-two patients fulfilling European / American diagnostic criteria fo... | Background Dry eye is a common disorder of the ocular surface and tear film and is estimated to affect from 2% to over 15% of persons in surveyed populations, depending on the definition used [ 1 - 6 ]. Symptoms of dry eye are a major reason to seek ophthalmic care: a study by Nelson and co-workers found that 1.3% of M... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC517949.xml | 15341657 | 10.1186/1477-7525-2-44 |
545941 | Differential regulation of Aβ42-induced neuronal C1q synthesis and microglial activation | Expression of C1q, an early component of the classical complement pathway, has been shown to be induced in neurons in hippocampal slices, following accumulation of exogenous Aβ42. Microglial activation was also detected by surface marker expression and cytokine production. To determine whether C1q induction was correla... | Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. Its main pathological features include extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition in plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein) in neurons, progressive loss of synapses and cortical/hippocampal ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC545941.xml | 15642121 | 10.1186/1742-2094-2-1 |
548295 | Expression pattern and regulation of genes differ between fibroblasts of adhesion and normal human peritoneum | Background Injury to the peritoneum during surgery is followed by a healing process that frequently results in the attachment of adjacent organs by a fibrous mass, referred commonly as adhesions. Because injuries to the peritoneum during surgery are inevitable, it is imperative that we understand the mechanisms of adhe... | Background Peritoneal adhesions resulting from surgical injury are often associated with pelvic pain, bowel obstruction and infertility [ 1 ]. Epidemiological studies conclude that 30 to 35% of all hospital readmissions are associated with adhesion associated complications, of which 4.5 to 5.1% are directly related to ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC548295.xml | 15642115 | 10.1186/1477-7827-3-1 |
527875 | Statistical design considerations for pilot studies transitioning therapies from the bench to the bedside | Pilot studies are often used to transition therapies developed using animal models to a clinical setting. Frequently, the focus of such trials is on estimating the safety in terms of the occurrence of certain adverse events. With relatively small sample sizes, the probability of observing even relatively common events ... | Introduction In the translational research setting, statisticians often assist in the planning and analysis of pilot studies. While pilot studies may vary in the fundamental objectives, many are designed to explore the safety profile of a drug or a procedure [ 1 , 2 ]. Often before applying a new therapy to large group... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC527875.xml | 15511289 | 10.1186/1479-5876-2-37 |
535530 | A trial design for evaluation of empiric programming of implantable cardioverter defibrillators to improve patient management | The delivery of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy is sophisticated and requires the programming of over 100 settings. Physicians tailor these settings with the intention of optimizing ICD therapeutic efficacy, but the usefulness of this approach has not been studied and is unknown. Empiric programmin... | Background Over the past decade ICD implantation has become increasingly straightforward, yet ICD programming and follow up has become more complex due to device feature and capability enhancements. While sophisticated algorithms provide high sensitivity and improved specificity of arrhythmia detection, allowing delive... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC535530.xml | 15541169 | 10.1186/1468-6708-5-12 |
548281 | PCR cloning of a histone H1 gene from Anopheles stephensi mosquito cells: comparison of the protein sequence with histone H1-like, C-terminal extensions on mosquito ribosomal protein S6 | Background In Aedes and Anopheles mosquitoes, ribosomal protein RPS6 has an unusual C-terminal extension that resembles histone H1 proteins. To explore homology between a mosquito H1 histone and the RPS6 tail, we took advantage of the Anopheles gambiae genome database to clone a histone H1 gene from an Anopheles stephe... | Background Ribosomal protein (RP) S6 is a phosphorylated protein that resides on the small subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes. Phosphorylation occurs on a cluster of five serine residues near the C-terminal end of the protein. Although details remain unclear, the phosphorylation state of RPS6 is believed to influence tran... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC548281.xml | 15667661 | 10.1186/1471-2164-6-8 |
545799 | A Drosophila protein-interaction map centered on cell-cycle regulators | A Drosophila protein-protein interaction map was constructed using the LexA system, complementing a previous map using the GAL4 system and adding many new interactions. | Background Protein-protein interactions have an essential role in a wide variety of biological processes. A wealth of data has emerged to show that most proteins function within networks of interacting proteins, and that many of these networks have been conserved throughout evolution. Although some of these networks co... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC545799.xml | 15575970 | 10.1186/gb-2004-5-12-r96 |
434148 | DNA Display I. Sequence-Encoded Routing of DNA Populations | Recently reported technologies for DNA-directed organic synthesis and for DNA computing rely on routing DNA populations through complex networks. The reduction of these ideas to practice has been limited by a lack of practical experimental tools. Here we describe a modular design for DNA routing genes, and routing mach... | Introduction Subsequent to the discovery of DNA as the information-carrying blueprint for biopolymer assembly, the possibility has existed for its utilization to program molecular processes devised by man. DNA is an attractive material for several reasons. It provides very high information density: a micromolar solutio... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC434148.xml | 15221027 | 10.1371/journal.pbio.0020173 |
545969 | Receptor and secreted targets of Wnt-1/β-catenin signalling in mouse mammary epithelial cells | Background Deregulation of the Wnt/ β-catenin signal transduction pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of tumours in the mammary gland, colon and other tissues. Mutations in components of this pathway result in β-catenin stabilization and accumulation, and the aberrant modulation of β-catenin/TCF target gene... | Background The Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction pathway plays a central role in metazoan development, controlling such diverse processes as cell growth, proliferation and organogenesis [ 1 ]. Wnt-1 is the prototypic member of this large family of secreted glycoproteins and was originally identified as a gene insertion... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC545969.xml | 15642117 | 10.1186/1471-2407-5-3 |
539322 | Disentangling Sub-Millisecond Processes within an Auditory Transduction Chain | Every sensation begins with the conversion of a sensory stimulus into the response of a receptor neuron. Typically, this involves a sequence of multiple biophysical processes that cannot all be monitored directly. In this work, we present an approach that is based on analyzing different stimuli that cause the same fina... | Introduction Animals and human beings rely on accurate information about their external environment and internal state for proper behavioral reactions. This vital requirement has led to a large variety of highly sophisticated sensory systems [ 1 ]. A common feature, though, is the step-by-step conversion of the incomin... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC539322.xml | 15660161 | 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030008 |
545996 | The association between clinical integration of care and transfer of veterans with acute coronary syndromes from primary care VHA hospitals | Background Few studies report on the effect of organizational factors facilitating transfer between primary and tertiary care hospitals either within an integrated health care system or outside it. In this paper, we report on the relationship between degree of clinical integration of cardiology services and transfer ra... | Background Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death among Americans [ 1 ]. Hospitalization for acute coronary syndromes (ACS), which includes both acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and unstable angina, is common and costly. Many patients admitted with ACS to primary hospitals (i.e. those without on-site ca... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC545996.xml | 15649313 | 10.1186/1472-6963-5-2 |
509236 | Improving the scaling normalization for high-density oligonucleotide GeneChip expression microarrays | Background Normalization is an important step for microarray data analysis to minimize biological and technical variations. Choosing a suitable approach can be critical. The default method in GeneChip expression microarray uses a constant factor, the scaling factor ( SF ), for every gene on an array. The SF is obtained... | Background The high-density oligonucleotide microarray, also known as GeneChip ® , made by Affymetrix Inc (Santa Clara, CA), has been widely used in both academic institutions and industrial companies, and is considered as the "standard" of gene expression microarrays among several platforms. A single GeneChip ® can ho... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC509236.xml | 15283861 | 10.1186/1471-2105-5-103 |
548518 | "Harnessing genomics to improve health in Africa" – an executive course to support genomics policy | Background Africa in the twenty-first century is faced with a heavy burden of disease, combined with ill-equipped medical systems and underdeveloped technological capacity. A major challenge for the international community is to bring scientific and technological advances like genomics to bear on the health priorities ... | Background Inequities in global health continue to be among the major challenges facing the international community [ 1 ]. Despite tremendous advances in medicine, the benefits of science and technology have yet to make a major impact on the health and quality of life of majority of the world's population. Recognizing ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC548518.xml | 15667651 | 10.1186/1478-4505-3-2 |
543459 | Relationship among Dexamethasone Suppression Test, personality disorders and stressful life events in clinical subtypes of major depression: An exploratory study | Background The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between dexamethasone suppression test, personality disorder, stressful life events and depression. Material Fifty patients (15 males and 35 females) aged 41.0 ± 11.4 years, suffering from Major Depression according to DSM-IV criteria entered the study.... | Background Life events and environmental stressful factors may relate to the development of depression [ 1 - 4 ]. However, biological theories suggest that the cause of depression rely on a biochemical disturbance of the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS). The Dexamethasone Suppression Test (DST) [ 5 ] is ... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC543459.xml | 15598349 | 10.1186/1475-2832-3-15 |
519025 | Protein-polymer nano-machines. Towards synthetic control of biological processes | The exploitation of nature's machinery at length scales below the dimensions of a cell is an exciting challenge for biologists, chemists and physicists, while advances in our understanding of these biological motifs are now providing an opportunity to develop real single molecule devices for technological applications.... | 1. Type I Restriction-Modification enzymes Type I R-M enzymes are multifunctional, multisubunit enzymes that provide bacteria with protection against infection by DNA-based bacteriophage [ 5 ] They accomplish this through a complex restriction activity that cuts the DNA at random locations, which can be extremely dista... | /Users/keerthanasridhar/biomedlm/data/PMC000xxxxxx/PMC519025.xml | 15350203 | 10.1186/1477-3155-2-8 |
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