Posted April 14, 2020 • Submitted by alycia82
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 1 of 14 ORIGINAL RESEARCH Volume 10 — February 07, 2013 Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understanding Characteristics, Activities, and Achievement of Environmental and Policy Change Jill S. Litt, PhD; Hannah L. Reed; Rachel G. Tabak, PhD; Susan G. Zieff, PhD; Amy A. Eyler, PhD; Rodney Lyn, PhD, MS; Karin Valentine Goins, MPH; Jeanette Gustat, PhD, MPH; Nancy O'Hara Tompkins, PhD Suggested citation for this article: Litt JS, Reed HL, Tabak RG, Zieff SG, Eyler AA, Lyn R, et al. Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understanding Characteristics, Activities, and Achievement of Environmental and Policy Change. Prev Chronic Dis 2013;10:120162. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd10.120162 . PEER REVIEWED Abstract Introduction Changing the built environment to promote active lifestyles requires collaboration among diverse sectors. Multisectoral collaborative groups in the United States promote active lifestyles through environmental and policy changes. The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics of these collaborative groups and the extent to which they have achieved change. Methods We identified, recruited, and interviewed the coordinators of active living collaborative groups in the United States. We used descriptive statistics to characterize groups by composition, stakeholder engagement, and the extent of environmental and policy change in 8 strategic areas. Results Fifty-nine groups from 22 states participated in the study. Most groups had a diverse set of partners and used a range of activities to advance their agendas. Most groups achieved some form of environmental or policy change. On average, groups reported working on 5 strategy areas; parks and recreation (86%) and Safe Routes to School (85%) were named most frequently. More than half of groups reported their environmental initiatives as either in progress or completed. Groups reported the most success in changing policy for public plazas, street improvements, streetscaping, and parks, open space, and recreation. Complete Streets policy and zoning ordinances were the most frequently cited policy types. Engaging in media activities and the policy-making process in addition to engaging stakeholders appear to influence success in achieving change. Conclusion Although many groups successfully worked on parks and recreation improvements, opportunities remain in other areas, including transit and infill and redevelopment. Additional time and resources may be critical to realizing these types of changes. Introduction Physical inactivity is one of the great public health challenges of the 21st century (1–3). More than 80% of adults do not meet the recommended guidelines for both aerobic and muscle-strengthening activity (4). Individual attempts to initiate and sustain changes in physical activity behavior are generally unsuccessful in the absence of supportive physical and social environments (5). The built environment and related policies influence population-level physical activity (ie, movement that enhances health) and active living (ie, physical activity that results from daily routines) (6,7). Attributes of the built environment and policy directives can reduce barriers to physical activity, promote active lifestyles, and improve overall health, potentially reducing related health disparities (8,9).
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 2 of 14 Changing the built environment to promote active living requires cooperation among diverse sectors (10). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has highlighted the importance of coordination among multiple sectors for improving the built environment (11). The Institute of Medicine has emphasized the importance of engaging nonhealth sectors in changing the built environment (12). Collaboration should involve people and organizations from multiple sectors (eg, planners, developers, media specialists, neighborhood residents, elected officials) and geographic strata (eg, state, regional, local, neighborhood) (11). Collaborative groups that promote stakeholder engagement and interaction have been associated with increased relevance, feasibility, and long-term sustainability of initiatives (13). These groups have the potential to develop and maintain strategies to increase opportunities for physical activity by leveraging resources, sharing knowledge, and building relationships (12). They may also be effective in translating national guidelines and research recommendations into action by informing state and local policy-making processes, including agenda setting, policy formulation, and policy implementation (14,15). Multisectoral collaborative groups in the United States are working to promote active lifestyles through environmental and policy changes. National, state, and local funding organizations have invested in initiating and maintaining these groups (7,9,16). The objective of this study was to examine the characteristics and activities of active living collaborative groups and the extent to which they have achieved environmental and policy changes. Methods The cross-sectional study was designed by the Coalitions and Networks for Active Living (CANAL) research team, a subgroup of the CDC-funded Physical Activity Policy Research Network (PAPRN) (http://paprn.wustl.edu), and was conducted in 2011. The study was approved by the Colorado School of Public Health and Washington University in St. Louis institutional review boards. Recruitment and eligibility We used the term "collaborative group" to represent coalitions, networks, partnerships, and alliances. We recruited representatives ("coordinators") of active living collaboratives in the United States by using referrals from members of PAPRN and the National Society for Physical Activity Practitioners in Public Health (NSPAPPH) and approximately 50 alumni of the Physical Activity and Public Health Practitioners course. PAPRN represents approximately 17 organizations, and NSPAPPH, 90 organizations. We also searched the Internet to identify groups. Collaboratives were eligible to participate if they 1) focused on active living as a primary or secondary goal, 2) worked on policy and environmental change, 3) involved at least 3 partners from various sectors, and 4) existed for at least 1 year. We identified 96 collaboratives and recruited 1 coordinator from each by e-mail. Of these, 59 (61%) collaboratives from 22 states participated. Six declined to participate, 3 cancelled, and 28 were invited but never responded. We made up to 3 attempts to contact each potential participant. The primary reason for refusal was lack of time. Data collection We conducted structured telephone interviews from May through August 2011. We scheduled interviews and distributed the interview questions in advance to allow coordinators to review the questions and prepare their responses. Interviews lasted approximately 45 minutes and responses were entered into an electronic document. All participants answered all questions. Interview guide The CANAL team developed the interview guide, using questions from previously validated instruments when possible. The guide included a mix of open- and closed-ended questions. We asked coordinators about their own organization and the collaborative. We assessed leadership and management according to whether the collaborative had a designated lead agency and paid staff, the number of years the coordinator served in his or her position, whether the coordinator's organization had expertise in public health or other areas (eg, land use, urban planning, transportation), the age of the collaborative, funding levels, and other items. We assessed the history of collaboration through 2 items adapted from the Wilder Collaboration Factors Inventory (17): 1) "Agencies in our collaborative have a history of working together" and 2) "Trying to solve problems through collaboration has been common in this community." Response options to these 2 questions were 1 = strongly disagree, 2 = somewhat disagree, 3 = neutral, 4 = somewhat agree, and 5 = strongly agree. Responses were dichotomized to yes or no. We assessed composition of the collaborative by the number of partners and the range of sectors, disciplines, community perspectives, and areas of expertise represented. We asked coordinators about their agenda-setting activities: how they assessed their needs, created awareness through events, and engaged stakeholders in the policy-making process. To determine needs assessment, we asked
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 3 of 14 coordinators about whether the following items had been completed or were in progress: 1) identification of a target population, 2) agreement on area to be served, 3) collection of information on opportunities for active living, and 4) formal meetings to decide on intervention strategy (18). For awareness activities, we asked whether the collaborative sponsored or supported walking/running events, safety events, awareness events, and other kinds of events. To measure engagement of stakeholders, we asked about 10 activities on a 5-point Likert scale (1 = never, 2 = rarely [<2 times], 3 = sometimes [2–5 times], 4 = often [most of the time], 5 = very frequently or ongoing) (19). Coordinators were asked whether their collaborative had used any of the following approaches to promote active living or physical activity in the community: environmental change (eg, trail building), policy change (eg, complete streets), program development (bike/walk-to-work event), educational programs (eg, bike safety), social media (eg, Facebook), or social marketing (eg, advertisements). We asked whether the collaborative had identified any of the following areas as a core strategy: parks, open spaces, and recreation facilities; transit and parking; children's play areas; public plazas (ie, community destinations, such as gardens and farmers' markets); streetscaping (eg, traffic calming); street improvements (eg, street connectivity); infill and redevelopment (eg, mixed use development); and Safe Routes to School. These strategy areas are consistent with the New York City Active Design Guidelines (20) and themes developed by LiveWell Colorado (www.livewellcolorado.org) and Kaiser Permanente (http://info.kaiserpermanente.org/communitybenefit/html/our_work/global/our_work_3.html). We asked about the extent to which the collaborative had addressed the strategy; respondents replied according to the following scale: 1 = improvements have been discussed, 2 = improvements have been planned, 3 = improvements have been funded, 4 = improvements are in progress, and 5 = improvements have been completed. We asked whether policies were in place to address the strategy and whether any improvement had required a change in policy or development of new policy. For policies in place or new policy, we asked what type of policy was required. Finally, if a change in policy was required by the improvement, we asked about the status of the new policy. Possible responses were 1 = policy gap identified but no further action, 2 = policy gap identified and discussion initiated, 3 = policy drafted, 4 = policy adopted or approved, and 5 = cannot be determined. To ensure content validity, interview questions were reviewed by academic partners, planners, and public health practitioners and pretested with 4 nonenrolled groups before the study began. We made only minor changes after the pretest. Data analyses We entered interview data directly into Microsoft Access 2007 (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, Washington). We tabulated the data and summarized the distribution, central tendency, and dispersion by using SAS version 9.2 (SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina). To augment data provided by interviews, we assessed the mean poverty level of the areas served by the collaborative by the percentage of families in poverty (21) and identified levels of physical inactivity by state (22). We assigned a score to each group for each strategy area on the basis of the status of its environmental improvements and related policy change. We averaged the scores for all strategy areas on which a group worked. We dichotomized groups according to their scores into high and low levels of policy change (high = policies have been drafted, adopted or approved; low = other responses) and high and low levels of environmental change (high = improvements are in progress or have been completed; low = other responses). We then created 4 groups: high levels of both policy and environmental change (High–High), high level of policy change and low level of environmental change (High–Low), low level of policy change and high level of environmental change (Low–High), and low levels of both policy and environmental change (Low–Low). We used the Fisher exact test and analysis of variance to test for differences between groups. Results Active living groups were located throughout the United States in states that varied by levels of physical inactivity (Figure 1). Most (78%) groups worked locally; the rest addressed state-wide issues. Coordinators represented government organizations (41%) and nonprofit organizations (59%) (Table 1). Twenty-five percent of the groups served urban areas, whereas 9% served suburban areas, 17% served rural areas, and 49% served mixed areas. They served areas of various geographic sizes: neighborhoods (6.5% of collaboratives), city/towns (36%), counties (29%), regions (6.5%), and states (22%). The percentage of families living in poverty was consistent for collaboratives serving city/towns (13%), counties (9%), regions (7%), and states (11%) but was higher for groups serving neighborhoods (26%).
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 4 of 14 Figure 1. Location of coordinators who participated in the Coalitions and Networks for Active Living (CANAL) Study, by state estimates of physical inactivity among adults. Source for data on physical inactivity: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (22). [A tabular version of this figure is also available.] Collaborative leadership and management Most coordinators (76%) reported that their collaborative had designated a lead agency. These lead agencies were housed in health departments (35%), nonprofit organizations (15%), and health care agencies (9%). Only 33% of the coordinators were in their position for 3 or more years (Table 1). Seventy percent of coordinators reported their collaborative had expertise in public health, but only 37% reported expertise in land use or urban planning, and only 32% reported expertise in transportation. Almost half (44%) of collaboratives had worked with their partners for 4 to 6 years; 83% had a history of working together, and 76% solved problems collaboratively. Most (85%) collaboratives had paid staff. Most established written goals or objectives (97%), wrote a mission or a vision statement (93%), prepared a strategic plan or annual report (85%), and used a theoretical framework or conceptual model to guide their priorities and actions (73%). Collaborative composition Most collaborative groups had a diverse membership that represented a range of sectors (public, government, private), disciplines (public health, planning, agriculture, sports and fitness), and perspectives (residents, local leaders, universities, schools, business leaders, and faith-based organizations). Forty-four percent of collaboratives reported having 11 to 30 active partners (Table 1). Most had expertise in public and/or environmental health (95%), fitness and sport (83%), parks and recreation (83%), land use planning (80%), and transportation (76%). Only half had media- related expertise (51%), and a smaller percentage had expertise in law enforcement/safety (46%), housing (32%), and mental health (29%). Agenda-setting activities Most coordinators reported completing assessment activities and supporting community events (Table 2). Two-thirds of coordinators reported that community leaders often or very frequently participated or endorsed a collaborative- sponsored event. Most (88%) collaboratives served on active living advisory councils, 75% engaged with elected officials or staff, 66% partnered with planning and design experts, and 63% engaged school district or board officials often or very frequently. Fewer collaboratives often or very frequently engaged in such activities as media communication or advocacy (52%), written advocacy (eg, press release, policy analysis, report with policy recommendations) (41%), partnering with elected officials to author policy documents (36%), or offering testimony in policy, legal, or judicial hearings (21%).
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 5 of 14 Environmental and policy changes Nearly all collaboratives used environmental (90%) or policy (93%) approaches to promote active living. They also used program development (83%), education (78%), social media (69%), and social marketing (56%). Collaboratives worked on an average of 5 core strategy areas; 86% identified parks and recreation; 85%, Safe Routes to School; 78%, street improvements; and 69%, streetscaping. Fewer groups reported transit and parking-related projects (41%) and infill and redevelopment-related projects (29%). In 4 strategy areas, more than half of groups reported their strategy as either in progress or completed (Figure 2).
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 6 of 14
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 7 of 14 Figure 2. Environmental and policy change in 8 core strategy areas among 59 collaborative groups, the Coalitions and Networks for Active Living (CANAL) Study, 2011. [A tabular version of this figure is also available.] Most groups cited existing policy for each strategy area on which they were working; 93% reported changes to existing policy or the development of new policy in at least 1 strategy area. Complete Streets policy and zoning ordinances were the most frequently cited policy types. Comprehensive plans, other plan types (eg, parks, open space, transportation, bike/pedestrian), joint-use agreements, and organizational policies were also commonly cited by groups. Compositional and community engagement characteristics varied by level of environmental and policy change (Table 3). Collaboratives whose environmental improvements were in progress or completed and whose policies were drafted or adopted had been together longer and used more types of community events to engage stakeholders. Groups reporting more progress in environmental and policy change more frequently engaged in political and policy processes. They also reported using social marketing and social media to support their work. Discussion To our knowledge, this study is the first to explore collaboratives working to improve active living environments and highlight the range of activities used by practitioners to facilitate change. Public health and planning guidelines suggest that active living interventions are most effective when a combination of environmental approaches from various domains (ie, intrapersonal, social, physical environment, and policy) is used (6,23). In general, groups appear to be advancing an environmental- and policy-change agenda that is consistent with international and national guidelines and recommendations (12,24,25). Most groups in this study involve partners from multiple sectors. Such involvement is important to achieving environmental and policy change (15,26). Expansion of partners beyond the health sector marks a shift toward more strategic inclusion of needed expertise (27,28). Strategic involvement of key partners plays a crucial role in informing, designing, and promoting a policy agenda (29). Broader participation can expand the knowledge, skills, and resources necessary to navigate complex processes that span multiple sectors and levels of government and reach communities in various settings (eg, work, home, school) (11,30). Building relationships with community members and decision makers is another element for collaborative groups to facilitate environmental change. Collaboratives use different tactics and activities in varying degrees to advance their agendas. These tactics and activities serve multiple purposes: 1) elicit local knowledge to inform the design and implementation of strategies; 2) motivate core partners and the broader community of practitioners and citizens to get involved; 3) raise awareness about the problems being addressed and the need for change at multiple levels; and 4) align group-specific political and policy priorities (19,30,31). Needs assessments are unique in their ability to engage partners, policy makers, elected officials, media, and community members in agenda-setting and planning processes and create community awareness and buy-in (32,33). Although groups appear to be building relationships with elected and appointed officials, they vary in their use of other advocacy activities such as media communication and written testimony. This variability may reflect different levels of coordinator and partner expertise in advocacy and perceptions by collaborative coordinators that they are not permitted to engage in advocacy because of funding or other restrictions (34). Finally, groups using social media and marketing tools may be at an advantage for advancing their active living agendas. Such tools can serve to create awareness, increase public input, and build community support for active living planning processes. Partner diversification, resource leverage, broad community involvement, and engagement in the political process set the stage for the adoption and implementation of environmental and policy change. The work of groups to identify the issues and raise community awareness also builds public and political will for an active living policy agenda. By hosting events such as open street initiatives or bike-to-work days, groups are able to raise awareness among a diverse group of stakeholders and foster a sense of urgency about the built environment and active lifestyles (23,33). Additionally, these groups extend the visibility of their events by soliciting endorsements from elected officials and community leaders and by investing in social marketing and media campaigns. Groups use these opportunities to showcase their work to key decision makers as a gateway to promoting their policy agendas (19). Our study shows that engaging citizens through community meetings, building political support by working with elected officials and staff (eg, city council, mayor, county commissioner), and working with designers (eg, private consultants, public works, engineering, transit authority) are being used to negotiate the policy-making process. Our findings illustrate the range and related success of environmental and policy approaches used by groups to promote active living. Although groups are universally working on built environment improvements, these projects represent smaller-scale improvements such as community gardens, public plaza improvements, and park enhancements, for example. These smaller-scale successes may reflect gateway strategies that are well defined, evidence-based, affordable, and achievable within shorter time frames. Only a small percentage of groups report actions in the areas of transit, parking, and infill redevelopment. These strategy areas require larger-scale investments,
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 8 of 14 strategic relationships with agencies and people who may be external to the collaborative (35), and time for developing related policies (33). This study has several limitations. First, our cross-sectional design limited our ability to explore the temporal aspects of the group agenda-setting processes. Second, the sample was constructed through a nomination process, so results may reflect the work of groups that have greater visibility and more successful initiatives and may not be generalizable to all active living collaboratives. Third, collection of data from group coordinators may bias results in a positive direction because of the professional and personal investment of coordinators. This study describes the work accomplished by collaborative groups, including community organizations, local government agencies, and the private sector, to promote active living in the United States. These findings provide insights into the composition and activities of these groups and their environmental and policy approaches. Achieving environmental and policy change requires time, social and political connections, and financial resources. For funders and government entities investing in community-level environmental and policy change efforts, such knowledge will be useful for setting future priorities and developing expectations, training, and technical assistance to plan, coordinate, implement, and sustain collaborative-led strategies. Acknowledgments This study was supported by the CDC, Prevention Research Center Program, Special Interest Project 09-10: PAPRN (5U48DP001938-02). We are thankful for the support and guidance from our partners at LiveWell Colorado, Kaiser Permanente, and the Wisconsin Department of Health Services. We gratefully acknowledge the Denver Environmental Health staff and research staff members of the participating PAPRN coordinating and collaborating centers. We thank the physical activity practitioners and staff who submitted nominations and the coordinators who agreed to participate. Author Information Corresponding Author: Jill Litt, PhD, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 E 17th Pl, Aurora, CO 80045. Telephone: 303-724-4402. E-mail: [email protected] Author Affiliations: Hannah L. Reed, Colorado School of Public Health, Aurora, Colorado; Rachel G. Tabak, Amy A. Eyler, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; Susan G. Zieff, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California; Rodney Lyn, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia; Karin Valentine Goins, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts; Jeanette Gustat, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana; Nancy O'Hara Tompkins, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. References 1. Blair SN, Kohl HW 3rd, Barlow CE, Paffenbarger RS, Gibbons LW, Macera CA. Changes in physical fitness and all -cause mortality: a prospective study of healthy and unhealthy men. JAMA 1995;273(14):1093–8. CrossRef PubMed 2. Blair SN. Physical inactivity: the biggest public health problem of the 21st century. Br J Sports Med 2009;43(1):1– 2. PubMed 3. Pratt M, Epping JN, Dietz WH. Putting physical activity into public health: a historical perspective from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prev Med 2009;49(4):301–2. CrossRef PubMed 4. US Department of Health and Human Services. 2008 physical activity guidelines for Americans. Washington (DC): US Department of Health and Human Services; 2008. 5. Alvaro C, Jackson LA, Kirk S, McHugh TL, Hughes J, Chircop A, et al. Moving governmental policies beyond a focus on individual lifestyle: some insights from complexity and critical theories. Health Promot Int 2011;26(1):91 –9. CrossRef PubMed 6. Sallis JF, Bauman A, Pratt M. Environmental and policy interventions to promote physical activity. Am J Prev Med 1998;15(4):379-97. PubMed 7. Schmid TL, Pratt M, Witmer L. A framework for physical activity policy research. J Phys Act Health 2006;3(Suppl 1):S20–9. 8. Brownson RC, Haire-Joshu D, Luke DA. Shaping the context of health: a review of environmental and policy approaches in the prevention of chronic diseases. Annu Rev Public Health 2006;27:341–70. CrossRef PubMed 9. Frank L, Kavage S. A national plan for physical activity: the enabling role of the built environment. J Phys Act Health 2009;6(Suppl 2):S186–95. PubMed
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Understa... Page 9 of 14 10. Hutch DJ, Bouye KE, Skillen E, Lee C, Whitehead L, Rashid JR. Potential strategies to eliminate built environment disparities for disadvantaged and vulnerable communities. Am J Public Health 2011;101(4):587–95. CrossRef PubMed 11. Varda DM, Chandra A, Stern SA, Lurie N. Core dimensions of connectivity in public health collaboratives. J Public Health Manag Pract 2008;14(5):E1–7. PubMed 12. Institute of Medicine Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention Food and Nutrition Board. Accelerating progress in obesity prevention: solving the weight of the nation. Glickman D, Parker L, Sim L, Del Valle Cook H, Miller E, editors. Washington (DC): National Academies Press; 2012. 13. Naylor PJ, Macdonald HM, Reed KE, McKay HA. Action Schools! BC: a socio-ecological approach to modifying chronic disease risk factors in elementary school children. Prev Chronic Dis 2006;3(2). PubMed 14. Roussos ST, Fawcett SB. A review of collaborative partnerships as a strategy for improving community health. Annu Rev Public Health 2000;21:369–402. CrossRef PubMed 15. Mays GP, Scutchfield FD. Improving public health system performance through multiorganizational partnerships. Prev Chronic Dis 2010;7(6):A116. PubMed 16. Schilling JM, Giles-Corti B, Sallis JF. Connecting active living research and public policy: transdisciplinary research and policy interventions to increase physical activity. J Public Health Policy 2009;30(Suppl 1):S1–15. CrossRef PubMed 17. Mattessich P, Monsey B. Community building: what makes it work? A review of factors influencing successful community building. St. Paul (MN): Amherst Wilder Foundation; 1997. 18. Jasuja GK, Chou CP, Bernstein K, Wang E, McClure M, Pentz MA. Using structural characteristics of community coalitions to predict progress in adopting evidence-based prevention programs. Eval Program Plann 2005;28:173 –84. CrossRef 19. Minkler M, Garcia A, Williams J, LoPresti T, Lilly J. Si se puede: using participatory research to promote environmental justice in a Latino community in San Diego, California. J Urban Health 2010;87(5):796–812. CrossRef PubMed 20. New York City Department of Design and Construction. Active design guidelines: promoting physical activity and health in design. http://www.nyc.gov/adg. Accessed January 4, 2013. 21. American community survey 2006–2010 (5-year estimates). New York (NY): Social Explorer; 2012. www.socialexplorer.com. Accessed January 2, 2013. 22. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Behavioral risk factor surveillance system survey data. Atlanta (GA): US Department of Health and Human Services; 2008. http://www.cdc.gov/brfss/. Accessed February 13, 2012. 23. Sallis JF, Cervero RB, Ascher W, Henderson KA, Kraft MK, Kerr J. An ecological approach to creating more physically active communities. Annu Rev Public Health 2006;27:297–322. CrossRef PubMed 24. Edwards P, Tsouros A. Promoting physical activity and active living in urban environments: the role of local governments. Copenhagen (DK): WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2006. 25. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The CDC guide to strategies to increase physical activity in the community. Atlanta (GA): US Department of Health and Human Services; 2011. 26. Fawcett S, Schultz J, Watson-Thompson J, Fox M, Bermby R. Building multisectoral partnerships for population health and equity. Prev Chronic Dis 2010;7(6):A118. PubMed 27. Varda D, Shoup JA, Miller S. A systematic review of collaboration and network research in the public affairs literature: implications for public health practice and research. Am J Public Health 2012;102(3):564–71. CrossRef PubMed 28. Khan LK, Sobush K, Keener D, Goodman K, Lowry A, Kakietek J, et al. Recommended community strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States. MMWR Recomm Rep 2009;58(RR-7):1–26. PubMed 29. Korfmacher KS. Boundary networks and Rochester's "smart" lead law: the use of multidisciplinary information in a collaborative policy process. New Solut 2010;20(3):317–36. CrossRef PubMed 30. Lasker RD, Weiss ES. Broadening participation in community problem solving: a multidisciplinary model to support collaborative practice and research. J Urban Health 2003;80(1):14–47; discussion 48–60. CrossRef PubMed 31. Padget SM, Bekemeier B, Berkowitz B. Collaborative partnerships at the state level: promoting systems changes in public health infrastructure. J Public Health Manag Pract 2004;10(3):251–7. PubMed 32. Green CG, Klein EG. Promoting active transportation as a partnership between urban planning and public health: the Columbus Healthy Places program. Public Health Rep 2011;126(Supp 1):41–9. PubMed
Preventing Chronic Disease | Active Living Collaboratives in the United States: Unders... Page 10 of 14 33. Emery J, Crump C, Hawkins M. Formative evaluation of AARP's Active for Life campaign to improve walking and bicycling environments in two cities. Health Promot Pract 2007;8(4):403–14. CrossRef PubMed 34. Dorfman L, Gonzalez P. Media advocacy: a strategy for helping communities change policy. In: Minkler M, editor. Community organizing and community building for health and welfare. Third edition. New Brunswick (NJ): Rutgers University Press; 2012. p. 407–20. 35. Allen NE, Javdani S, Lehrner AL, Walden AL. "Changing the text": modeling council capacity to produce institutionalized change. Am J Community Psychol 2012;49(3–4):317–31. CrossRef PubMed Tables Table 1. Characteristics of Collaborative Groups (N = 59) Participating in the Coalitions and Networks for Active Living (CANAL) Study, 2011 Characteristic No. (%) Sector affiliation of organization represented by coordinatora Nonprofit 35 (59) Government 24 (41) Private 3 (5) Coordinator's no. of years in position <Half 4 (7) Half to 1 13 (22) >1 to 3 23 (39) >3 to 5 11 (19) >5 8 (14) Age of collaborative group, y 1–3 14 (24) 4–6 26 (44) ≥7 19 (32) Paid staff Yes 50 (85) No 9 (15) No. of active partners 1–10 12 (20) 11–30 26 (44) 31–50 12 (20) >50 9 (16) Funding, $ <25,000 7 (12) 25,000–99,999 14 (24) 100,000–199,999 15 (25) 200,000–499,999 11 (19) ≥500,000 6 (10) Don't know or none 6 (10)


Australia Immigration : Requirements for Australia Skilled Immigration Program Nominated Occupation
The below grids give you the detailed breakdown of points awarded under various criteria under Australia PR Point Calculator System.
English Language Requirements (IELTS/OET)
Competent English (IELTS 6/OET C)
Proficient English (IELTS 7/OET B)
Superior English (IELTS 8/OET A)
At least 3 but less than 5 years (of past 10 years)
At least 8 years and up to 10 years
You can only claim points for employment if the employment was in your nominated skilled occupation or a closely related skilled occupation; and you were employed for the relevant periods set out in the table, in the 10 years before you are invited to apply.
For any Australian employment you must have held a substantive visa or a Bridging A or Bridging B visa and complied with the conditions of that visa to be eligible for points.
Employed means engaged in an occupation for remuneration for at least 20 hours a week.
Closely-related occupations must be:
in the same ANZSCO Unit Group or
consistent with a career advancement pathway or
recognised by an assessing authority that it is closely related to your nominated occupation, as part of your skills assessment
Under the points test there is a cap on the number of points that can be awarded for employment experience. The maximum number of points that can be awarded is 20, this means that even if you score more than 20 combined points for your employment experience only 20 points will be awarded.
A Doctorate from an Australian educational institution or a Doctorate from another educational institution, that is of a recognised standard.
At least a Bachelor degree from an Australian educational institution or at least a Bachelor qualification, from another educational institution, that is of a recognised standard.
A diploma or trade qualification from an Australian educational institution.
Attained a qualification or award recognised by the relevant assessing authority for your nominated skilled occupation as being suitable for that occupation
For points based migration you will receive points for your highest qualification only.
Recognition of your qualifications
The authority undertaking your skills assessment may determine if your qualifications are comparable to the relevant Australian qualification. Assessing authorities are listed against your occupation in the relevant list of eligible skilled occupations. You must have obtained this recognition at the time you are invited to apply for a visa.
If you hold an overseas qualification at bachelor level or above and your skills assessing authority did not offer an opinion on that qualification then it is open to you to contact Vocational Education Training and Assessment Services (VETASSESS) for advice.
VETASSESS can provide an assessment of the comparative educational level of these qualifications against the Australian Qualifications Framework (AQF). Advice from VETASSESS should be provided with your application to support your claim for these points.
To obtain an assessment contact Vocational Education Training and Assessment Services.
Doctoral requirements (PhD)
You can only be awarded points for a doctoral degree if you have completed a qualification at the relevant level, that is, a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). You cannot claim these points for the award of other qualifications that give you the right to use to the title of Doctor (that is, general practitioner, dentist, vet).
Specialist education qualification
A Masters degree by research or a Doctorate degree from an Australian educational institution that included at least academic years study in a relevant field.
The postgraduate degree by research (doctorate or masters) must be awarded from an Australian education institution after at least 2 academic years of study in the following science, technology, engineering, mathematics or specified information and communication technology (ICT) fields:
Natural and physical sciences
other natural and physical sciences
other information technology
Engineering and related technologies
aerospace engineering and technology
electrical and electronic engineering and technology
manufacturing engineering and technology
maritime engineering and technology
mechanical and industrial engineering and technology
other engineering and related technologies
process and resources engineering.
To determine whether your qualification is eligible, see the CRICOS website.
Australian study requirement
Meet the Australian study requirement
You must have at least 1 degree, diploma or trade qualification from an Australian educational institution that meets the Australian study requirement.
Professional Year in Australia
Completion of a Professional Year in Australia
At the time of invitation to apply, you had completed a Professional Year. To be eligible for the award of these points your Professional Year must have been in Accounting, ICT/Computing or Engineering, and:
in your nominated occupation or a closely related occupation
completed over a period of at least 12 months
completed in Australia in the four years before you are invited to apply for a visa
provided by one of these organisations:
the Australian Computer Society
Chartered Accountants Australia and New Zealand
the Institute of Public Accountants (formerly the National Institute of Accountants)
Engineers Australia.
Credentialled community language
Hold a recognised qualification in a credentialled community language
To be credentialled in a community language and eligible for the award of points you must have been accredited at the paraprofessional level or above, certified at the certified provisional level or above, or have a community language credential for interpreting or translating by the National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters.
Study in regional Australia
You must have at least 1 degree, diploma or trade qualification from an Australian educational institution that satisfies the Australian study requirement obtained while living and studying in an eligible area of regional Australia
To be eligible for the award of points your educational qualification:
must meet the Australian study requirement
have been obtained while you lived in, and studied at a campus in, a designated regional area
not include study undertaken by distance education
Partner skills
Your spouse or de facto partner must also be an applicant for this visa and meet age, English and skill criteria
For you to be eligible for the award of these points your partner must be an applicant for the same visa subclass and must not be an Australian permanent resident or an Australian citizen. Additionally, you will need to provide evidence that when you were invited to apply for this visa that they:
were under 45 years old
had competent English
had nominated a skilled occupation that is on the same skilled occupation list as your nominated skilled occupation
had a suitable skills assessment from the relevant assessing authority for their nominated skilled occupation, and the assessment wasn't for a Subclass 485 visa.
Your spouse or de facto partner must also be an applicant for this visa and has competent English
For you to be eligible for the award of these points your partner must be an applicant for the same visa subclass and must not be an Australian permanent resident or an Australian citizen.
You are single or your partner is an Australian citizen or permanent resident
Sponsorships and Nominations
State or territory government (only visa subclass 190)
Nomination by a state or Territory government or sponsorship by an eligible family member (only visa subclass 489)
Other Essential Information
The following are the visa sub classes and the required points to be scored under each category
Skilled – Independent (subclass 189) – 65 points
Skilled – Sponsored (subclass 190) – 65 points
Skilled – Regional Sponsored (subclass 489) – 65 points
Skilled – Skilled Work Regional Sponsored (subclass 491) – 65 points
Note that the maximum points an Australian skilled immigrant can score in the Australia PR Point Calculator System for any combination of overseas and Australian skilled employment is 20 points.


Search results for "National Strawberry Shortcake Day"
June 14th is National Strawberry Shortcake Day 🍓 + 🍰 = 😋
High-res version
Shortcake is a sweet biscuit (in the American sense: that is, a crumbly, baking soda- or baking powder-leavened bread).
Shortcake is typically made with flour, sugar, baking powder or soda, salt, butter, milk or cream, and sometimes eggs.
The most famous dessert made with shortcake is strawberry shortcake.
Though today's shortcakes are usually of the biscuit or sponge-cake variety, earlier American recipes called for pie crust in rounds or broken-up pieces, which was a variety still being enjoyed in the 20th century, particularly in the South.
Though strawberry is the most widely known shortcake dessert, peach shortcake, blueberry shortcake, chocolate shortcake and other similar desserts are made along similar lines. It is also common to see recipes where the shortcake itself is flavored; coconut is a common addition. The term "shortcake" often refers to shortbread in the UK.
1800 Chicken Marengo was supposedly created by Napoleon's Swiss chef to commemorate the occasion of Napoleon's victory over the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo on this day.
1834 Cyrus Hall McCormick patented his reaping machine.
1972 The EPA banned DDT in the USA. DDT residue is still found in some foods grown in the U.S. in 2002.
1988Unusual uses for peanut butter sandwiches: In New Jersey, students in a school were kept in an extra 45 minutes by a six-foot black bear that had wandered into the playground. They kept it at bay by tossing out peanut butter sandwiches until the game warden arrived to take him away.
1994 R.I.P. Henry Mancini. Oscar winning music composer, he wrote many songs and film scores, including the score for 'Breakfast at Tiffany's
Tagged: national strawberry shortcake day, todays food history
June 14th is National Strawberry Shortcake Day
1988 Unusual uses for peanut butter sandwiches: In New Jersey, students in a school were kept in an extra 45 minutes by a six-foot black bear that had wandered into the playground. They kept it at bay by tossing out peanut butter sandwiches until the game warden arrived to take him away.
June 14 is National Strawberry Shortcake Day
The perfect dessert for celebrating of the arrival of Summer.
Today's Shortcake Facts…
Tagged: events of June 14, june food holidays, national strawberry shortcake day, Shortcake facts, strawberry shortcake day
February 19th is National Chocolate Mint Day!
Happy National Chocolate Mint Day!
Here are today's five thing to know about Chocolate Mint:
In tea houses and dinner halls of the early 1900's mint sprigs and dark chocolates served after desserts for patrons to 'chew for good breath and aid digestion'.
Thin Mints account for over 25% of the annual Girl Scout cookie sales.
Andes chocolate mints, created in 1921, have little to do with the Andes mountains. They were once called "Andy's Candies" but the owner 'found that men did not like giving boxes of candies with another man's name on them to their wives and girlfriends' so he changed the name.
Frango Mints, perhaps the first chocolate mints, were first patented in 1918. They were sold in tea houses and sold frozen to emphasize the sharp mint flavor.
Ancient Greeks believed mint could cure hiccups.
1764 Gottlieb Sigismund Kirchhof was born. He developed a method for refining vegetable oil, and also improved brewing & fermentation.
1855 Bread Riots in Liverpool.
1906 Battle Creek Toasted Corn Flake Company (W.K. Kellogg Company) was founded by Will Keith Kellogg to manufacture breakfast cereals (cornflakes).
1913 Cracker Jack began to put prizes in each box.
1976 Iceland broke off diplomatic relations with Great Britain when the two couldn't settle their disagreement on the 'cod war' fishing rights issue.
1985 Cherry Coke was introduced nation-wide
1999 The world's largest strawberry shortcake was created in McCall Park, Plant City, Florida, the Winter Strawberry Capital of the World. The city holds the Guinness record for the world's largest strawberry shortcake, over 6,000 pounds.
Check out my book!
Categories: February Food Holidays, Food Holidays, Uncategorized
Tagged: national chocolate mint day
National Strawberry Shortcake Day
Five Star Recipe from Food52
Five Food Finds about Shortcake
Tagged: battle of marengo, chicken marengo, cyrus hall mccormick, facts, five food finds, food, foodimentary, fun, life, national strawberry shortcake day, peach shortcake, peanut butter sandwiches, sweet biscuit, today's food history, todays food history
June 14 – National Strawberry Shortcake Day
Tagged: facts, five food finds, food, foodimentary, fun, life, national strawberry shortcake day, today's food history, todays food history
National Chocolate Mint Day
Five things you should know about
Chocolate Mints
1. In tea houses and dinner halls of the early 1900's mint sprigs and dark chocolates served after desserts for patrons to 'chew for good breath and aid digestion'. Soon thin mints, layered mint and dark chocolate candies appeared in many forms.
2. Thin Mints, a Girl Scout cookie first sold in 1951, accounts for over 25% of the annual Girl Scout cookie sales.
3. After Eights, introduced in 1962, were considered a classier version of the classic thin mint, with dark chocolate and rich mint center, considered at the time the perfect after dinner mint.
4. Andes chocolate mints, created in 1921, have little to do with the Andes mountains. They were once called "Andy's Candies" but the owner 'found that men did not like giving boxes of candies with another man's name on them to their wives and girlfriends' so he changed the name.
5.Frago Mints, perhaps the first chocolate mints, were first patented in 1918. They were sold in tea houses and sold frozen to emphasize the sharp mint flavor.
On This Day in Food History…
Categories: February Food Holidays, Food Holidays
Tagged: five food finds, national chocolate mints day, today in food history
June 14 – Today's Food History
National Strawberry Shortcake Day Today's Food History on this day in… 1800 Chicken Marengo was supposedly created by Napoleon's Swiss chef to commemorate the occasion of Napoleon's victory over the Austrians in the Battle of Marengo on this day. 1834 Cyrus Hall McCormick patented his reaping machine. 1972 The EPA banned DDT in the USA. DDT residue is still found in some foods grown in the U.S. in 2002. 1988 Unusual uses for peanut butter sandwiches: In New Jersey, students in a school were kept in an extra 45 minutes by a six-foot black bear that had wandered into the playground. They kept it at bay by tossing out peanut butter sandwiches until the game warden arrived to take him away. 1994 Henry Mancini…
Categories: 101 - lessons in food, Daily Food History, Encyclopedia, Food Facts
Tagged: facts, food, foodimentary, fun, life, todays food history
National Candy Month National Dairy Month National Fresh Fruit and Vegetables Month National Iced Tea Month National Papaya Month First Friday in June: National Donut Day Daily Holidays June 1 National Hazelnut Cake Day June 2 National Rocky Road Day National Rotisserie Chicken Day June 3 National Chocolate Macaroon Day National Egg Day June 4 National Cheese Day June 5 National Ketchup / Catsup Day June 6 National Gingerbread Day June 7 National Chocolate Ice Cream Day June 8 National Jelly-Filled Doughnut Day June 9 National Strawberry-Rhubarb Pie Day June 10 National Iced-Tea Day June 11 National German Chocolate Cake Day June 12 National Peanut Butter Cookie Day International Falafel Day June 13 Cupcake Lover's Day June 14 National Strawberry Shortcake Day June 15…


A Giant Leap
Apollo's legacy
The third of a five-part series from the Starmus science-and-arts festival in Zürich. Today we meet Brian May and David J Eicher to discuss their new book 'Moon 3D'. We also ask what Kaspersky's new collaboration with the Gagarin Centre in Russia's Star City could mean for the future of space security. Plus: what happens when you're told you've won a Nobel prize?
Start at
M24 radio app
Brian May and David J Eicher
Astrophysicist and musician Brian May and author David J Eicher discuss their new book, 'Moon 3D', which explores the legacy of the Apollo missions using stereoscopic images.
Share chapter 1
Aldo del Bo
Kaspersky's head of global partnerships and sponsorships, Aldo del Bo, discusses the collaboration with the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center.
Donna Strickland
Donna Strickland, 2018's Nobel laureate for physics, discusses what it's like to get a call in the middle of the night only to be told you've won a Nobel prize.
Monocle 24 meets astronauts and musicians at Starmus in Zürich.
All episodesView schedule
Subscribe to the show
Want more radio episodes like these in your inbox?
Sign up to Monocle's email newsletters to stay on top of news and opinion, plus the latest from the magazine, radio, film and shop.
A Giant Leap - latest episodes
Who is up there?
Fifth in a five-part series from Zürich's Starmus festival. We talk to Brian Eno, recipient of Starmus's Stephen Hawking medal for science communication, and to the astronomer Jill Tarter about her lifelong search for…
Life off Earth
Fourth in a five-part series from Zürich's Starmus festival. Nasa astronaut Nicole Stott tells us about painting the first watercolour in orbit and Kaspersky's Marco Preuss discusses protecting computer systems in space.
The third of a five-part series from the Starmus science-and-arts festival in Zürich. Today we meet Brian May and David J Eicher to discuss their new book 'Moon 3D'. We also ask what Kaspersky's new collaboration with the…
Retelling space's past – and a look to its future
In the second of a five-part series from the Starmus science and arts festival in Zürich, we meet the team behind 'Apollo 11'. The film uses hours of archive material that has never been seen or heard before. We also dis…
Introducing Starmus
The first of a five-part series from the Starmus science-and-arts festival in Zürich. Today we meet Apollo 16 astronaut Charlie Duke and Starmus founder Garik Israelian.
Monocle's House View2083
Currency: GBPAUDCHFEURGBPUSD


Admins Confess About Ogmatiesconfessions
Illustration credits: Karla de Bod.
By Maryna Adshade 2 months ago
BY MARYNA ADSHADE
Since their first post during the height of the pandemic last year, the Instagram page Maties Confessions (@ogmatiesconfessions) has become known for their anonymous confessions about Stellenbosch University (SU) students, their crushes, struggles, and any other university-related experiences.
The page's bio sums the page up as one that is "proudly blocked by sujustkidding [another meme page aimed at SU students]" and that is run "by the Maties, for the Maties". Also in the bio are three emojis (a fairy, a clown and a chef), that represent the three anonymous SU students who are the admins of the page.
The first admin, who is represented by the fairy emoji, felt motivated to start the page when she discovered similar Instagram pages aimed at students from other South African universities, but could not find an active one for SU students. "I saw that a lot of universities, like UCT [the University of Cape Town] for example, had confessions pages. I saw a recommendation for a Stellenbosch one, but then the link didn't work to make an actual confession and the page was completely empty. So I thought 'Okay this one's defunct so let me start my own one,'" she explained.
She further felt that "people just needed something to get their frustration out, whether it be for academics or the lockdown, or just the entire pandemic in general. [The admins] found it was a really good way for people to vent whatever they felt like they needed to vent."
The second admin, who is represented by the clown emoji, said he became an admin after the first admin asked him to promote the page on another account he runs that had a bigger following at the time. "I told her that I would if I could see some of the confessions. She gave me the login details and from then on I started helping out. I thought it'd be rude not to with the level of access she gave me," he explained.
Due to a pile-up of confessions that have not yet been posted, the third admin, who is represented by the chef emoji, started helping out in the past few weeks. "I became an admin through nepotism essentially. I am very close with the admin who uses the fairy emoji and I've been privy to a lot of what goes on behind the scenes of ogmaties for a while now," they explained.
"As soon as the other admins started saying things like 'Oh the confessions are really piling up,' I basically offered myself up as free labour," she said. "I came on a few weeks ago, and I'm still learning the ropes but really enjoying it."
With regard to their goal for Maties Confessions, Fairy summed it up as follows: "Just building as diverse and as loyal…a follower base as possible would be great. And just keeping that space free, keeping it open, keeping the conversation going, and keeping people feeling comfortable with sharing their things with us. And just really being there for them.
"When I started the page, my main aim was to create a free, open space for people to voice their opinion seeing as everyone had so much to say. All of a sudden we weren't going to classes anymore, we weren't seeing the people we used to see, and we weren't having that student experience," she explained. "We just found that it was very important for us to have a no-block policy and to post as many of the confessions as we saw fit and the most relevant ones possible. We don't delete comments and we don't silence anyone's opinion, at least not on purpose and not with an agenda."
On deciding what to post from all of the confessions, Clown said, "We like to post confessions where people confess to their crush. It gets a lot of people talking and tagging each other in the comments. We also like to post confessions asking for advice that isn't readily available online, like asking about degree options at Stellenbosch for example."
Chef urged followers to submit things other than "thirst confessions" though. "We know you want so-and-so to spit in your mouth," she said. "As entertaining as the romantic kind can be, I think there are a lot of stories going unheard that might be very entertaining."
THE INSTAGRAM PAGE, @ogmatiesconfessions, has been showing SU students what has been happening in other students' lives. Photo: Karla de Bod.
Confessions that do not get posted are those asking for information that is readily available online, those that some people may find traumatic, and those that disparage people. Other topics that are usually avoided are those related to alcoholism, domestic abuse and mental health struggles; confessions accusing people of illegal activity, harassment, bullying, sexual abuse and of spreading sexually transmitted infections are also deleted.
Clown explained, "What separates us from other pages is our very narrow follower demographic, consisting of mainly Stellenbosch University students. Our followers have the in-depth knowledge of Stellenbosch student life and they can help each other out on our page."
Fairy added that they mostly do not post confessions that condone illegal activities. "Sometimes we do it if it's funny and we know it will get a good reaction out of our followers. But if it has to do with drug abuse for example, we usually won't post it."
"Some of the crush confessions are just a bit lewd. We usually then ask the person, if there's someone mentioned in the crush confession and we can track them down, [if they] are comfortable with us posting [the confession]," she explained.
For those who would like to see their confessions about their crushes appear on the page, Chef advises that they be creative, more specific and more original with their submissions. "If you're going to be vague about the person, have a good tagline. There have been 400 'have my children' or 'bend me over' submissions. We need more diversity," they said. "Be respectfully specific about the person. Even name drop if you can. That's fantastic! That's what we're looking for."
Those who have been mentioned in confessions and are curious about who sent them in, might be disappointed to hear that not even the admins of the page know who confesses what. "We've had some people ask [who sent in confessions about them], but unfortunately, or fortunately, depending on whom you ask, all confessions are entirely anonymous," said Clown.
Regarding their estimated number of confession submissions per week, Fairy said, "At its highest point I was averaging about 20–50 confessions a day, which would account for about 100 or more a week. But I think a more accurate average per week would probably be about 50–100, sometimes even less."
"As far as the process goes, there isn't really one," she continued. The admins do not have specific roles and they try to split the work evenly. "There is no set schedule for when we do things because we all study things. We all have quite different timetables. When one can't post the other one can."
Kia Mouton, a third-year BA (Humanities) student, said that she follows the page because she finds the confessions funny. While she relates to some of them, she feels that others show some people's lack of self-control. "It's crazy to see what people get up to," she added.
The worst confession, according to Mouton, is one that was posted on 21 June last year that reads: "I had 20 minutes left of my online exam and I suddenly became *****, so I took a wank in my sock while double-checking my answers, best orgasm of my life."
Mouton said that she has sent in a confession, but not a serious one. Regarding how it made her feel seeing it posted, she said, "It definitely made me make up my mind about the topic I talked about. Sometimes the best advice comes from strangers. I was giddy when I saw my confession."
The page may also have some advantages for tutors and lecturers. Jean-Marie Potgieter, who is busy with her PhD in Theoretical Syntax while lecturing and being a second-year tutor for the department of general linguistics and the department of Afrikaans and Dutch, has been mentioned in a few crush confessions and said the following: "I was quite surprised when someone shared the post with me. I wasn't aware of the Instagram page and I definitely didn't expect to see a confession about me!
"It's nice to be seen as a human being and not just as someone who conveys information. One of the perks of being mentioned in more than one confession is that it helps me to see myself and my good qualities through the eyes of others."
While some might agree that the page's content is funny, the page is not for everyone. "I followed it at first, but then stopped [because] it doesn't add to my feed. The stuff that comes up sometimes is also only worth mentioning when it is not anonymous and until then, it feels like an intrusion is being made on people, as names and residences are blatantly mentioned," explained Pierré Müller, a fourth-year LLB student.
"Not that I've been the subject [of a confession], but I wouldn't like it if attention [were] drawn to me in that way," he expanded. "[The page] says a lot, but also nothing really. It's very tongue-in-cheek sometimes, but just not for me."Chef concluded by saying, "The way y'all behave behind the veil of anonymity is absolutely frightening and fascinating. I wish there [were] a way to share some of the confessions we can't ethically post, but perhaps we'll be releasing a few things with names blurred out soon just because of the sheer entertainment value."
Previous Deurbraak vir SU Acapella Danksy Buitelug Venue
Next Adam & Eve Collab om Vars Ervarings in te Wy


Download Current Issue Subscribe Now
Scheana Shay Reveals HELLP Syndrome Diagnosis After Daughter Summer's Birth: Caught It 'Just in Time'
By Nicole Massabrook
Scheana Shay just gave birth, and she's already opening up about the details of her labor, including a serious medical condition.
Pregnant Scheana Shay Shows Bare Baby Bump Before Going Into Labor
"Almost 24 hours after being induced, my blood pressure was extremely elevated," Shay, 35, explained on Tuesday, April 27, via Instagram.
Scheana Shay. Stewart Cook/Shutterstock
She was first diagnosed with preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication where high blood pressure can affect the liver and kidneys. However, the issue progressed and she explained it "turned into HELLP syndrome," which is a severe form of preeclampsia, according to Mayo Clinic.
HELLP stands for hemolysis (destruction of red blood cells), elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count. HELLP syndrome can be a life-threatening complication for both mom and baby, and it typically requires the immediate delivery of the infant.
Shay, however, was actually diagnosed after she gave birth to daughter Summer Moon Honey Davies on Monday, April 26.
"My doctor said I was lucky, and we caught this just in time to treat as it's very unusual to be caught so late, in postpartum," she explained.
The reality star, who shares her newborn with boyfriend Brock Davies, recalled being "on a magnesium drip that made me extremely lethargic and flu-like, shivering uncontrollably to the point where I felt like I was seizing."
Stassi Schroeder and Lala Kent's Daughters Have 1st Playdate: Photos
Symptoms of postpartum preeclampsia include high blood pressure, severe headaches, changes in vision, upper abdominal pain and decreased urination. The causes of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome are unknown, but those dealing with diabetes, obesity, high blood pressure and having multiples (twins, triplets etc.) are at greater risk.
"I am still being monitored closely for elevated liver enzymes and low blood platelets and not sure how much longer we will be here," Shay revealed.
Summer is the first child for Shay and the third for Davies, 30, who has two children from a prior relationship.
Scheana Shay. Courtesy of Scheana Shay/Instagram
Despite the health issues, Shay and Davies were in good spirits heading into the delivery room. "Scheana is so excited to meet her baby girl," the source told Us Weekly on Sunday, April 25, after they arrived at the hospital. "Brock is by her side and can't wait to meet their daughter."
The Next Generation! See 'Vanderpump Rules' Stars' Babies
It isn't clear how long Shay will be on maternity leave. The Vanderpump Rules cast is expected to start filming season 9 of the Bravo reality series in early May, Us confirmed.
Shay won't be the only new mom on Pump Rules. Lala Kent welcomed her daughter, Ocean, in March.
Listen to Us Weekly's Hot Hollywood as each week the editors of Us break down the hottest entertainment news stories!


Darts & Laurels
Laurel -- To the New England Patriots, for ensuring that a teenager got her time in the spotlight. High school freshman Anna Grant, 14, got booed in Indianapolis when she was introduced as a Punt, Pass & Kick winner in her age group before the fourth quarter of San Diego's playoff win on Jan. 13. She was wearing a Patriots jersey at the time. "Why should a champion be booed?" asked Patriots owner Bob Kraft. "She's supposed to be honored." He had team officials invite Grant to be on the field for the coin flip before the Pats' playoff win against those same Chargers last Sunday. "I was just in shock," said an ecstatic Grant of the invitation.
Dart -- To a state Transportation Board member, for trying to strongarm campaign donations for a gubernatorial candidate. The resignation of Thomas Betts Jr. of Rocky Mount is just the latest example of people thinking that they can buy a seat on the board with campaign donations. He resigned after Transportation Secretary Lyndo Tippett questioned him about attempts to raise money for Democratic candidate Beverly Perdue from people connected to a high-profile commercial project in Roanoke Rapids. "I told him that it would probably be in the best interest of the state," Tippett said. The incident is particularly embarrassing for Perdue, who has made troubles at Carolina Crossroads, an entertainment and commercial complex on I-95, an issue in her primary race against State Treasurer Richard Moore. The sooner people get it through their heads that the Transportation Board is not a committee to elect the governor, the better.
Laurel -- To the local Red Cross chapter, for offering training for baby-sitters. Credit also goes to the nine youths taking the course. Often, baby-sitting is the first job for teens, but until this class the teens had no way to prepare. The class teaches the basics in care, first aid and CPR as well as professionalism and leadership training. The course materials include lists for sitters to discuss with parents, so that they know a child's needs and the parents' house rules. Students completing the class earn the American Red Cross Baby Sitter Certification. "I've baby-sat before, but I want to be really prepared," said student Ally Pfotzer, 12.
Dart -- To the television industry, for hiding public service ads. Researchers for the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation watched a week of television on affiliates of the nation's 10 most popular cable and broadcast networks in seven different markets. Overall, the study found the PSAs amount to about 0.5 percent of all airtime and 46 percent of the ads were aired between midnight and 6 a.m. "Maybe insomniacs are well informed, but humans are not nocturnal animals," said Jonathan Adelstein, a Democratic member of the Federal Communications Commission. That's hardly serving the public.


Home Politics Canadian Politics
Canada Votes: The Climate Platforms of the Four Major Federal Parties
in Canadian Politics, Politics, Uncategorized
Climate change is an important election issue in the 2019 Canadian federal election. The four major parties are in agreement about the climate crisis, but they have very different ideas about how to address it. They agree on the scientific consensus that humans are responsible for climate change and they all share the view that we need to reduce our greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the four main parties differ on how much GHGs should be cut and how this can best be achieved.
Here is a detailed look at the climate platforms of the Liberal Party, the Conservative Party, the New Democratic Party (NDP) and the Green Party.
The carbon pricing scheme they launched in 2016 is at the heart of the ruling Liberal's GHG reduction plans. They intend to continue to consult with the provinces, territories and other interest groups to fine tune their plan after 2022.
The Liberals are also working on a Clean Fuel Standard which is seeking to reduce the emissions of the Canadian oil and gas industry. They have proposed collaborative investments with the provinces and territories including in public transit and new technology. More ambitious climate policies are expected during the campaign.
After almost four years in power the Liberals are vulnerable to criticism of diluting their green agenda by supporting the fossil fuel industry.
Conservative party leader Andrew Scheer's environmental platform is a continuation of the failed climate leadership of the Harper government. Like Harper, Scheer supports fossil fuels and is resistant to any sort of carbon pricing.
If elected Scheer has promised to kill the Liberal's federal carbon tax and the planned Clean Fuel Standards. Scheer's plan consists of selling more natural gas, tax incentives and technology investments to reduce the carbon intensity of the fossil fuel industry.
Scheer is promoting carbon capture which failed under the leadership of his predecessor. The Conservatives are also supporting voluntary building standards and unspecified emissions standards for corporate polluters. Scheer has not revealed any sort of enforcement mechanism but the idea would be to have polluters pay into a technology fund. Energy retrofits in the form of tax incentive for home owners are also part of the party's environmental platform.
Jagmeet Singh the leader of the NDP has pledged to increase Canada's emission reduction commitments to 38 percent below 2005 levels by 2030. He would retain the Liberal's carbon pricing scheme but make some modifications. This includes eliminating rebates for millionaires and removing exemptions for industries.
Singh has indicated he would allocate $15 billion for their climate plan in their first mandate. The NDP would remove fossil fuels from the electrical grid, transportation and the building sector. They would also provide low interest loans for energy saving retrofits. Finally Singh wants to eliminate fossil fuel subsidies invest $3 billion to help fund Canada's low carbon economy.
Elizabeth May is the leader of the Green Party and she is the only leaders of a federal party who has vowed to bring the government's full resources to bear in the fight against climate change. May would like to create a "war cabinet" which would include members from all the federal parties.
May wants to reduce GHG emissions by 60 percent below 2005 levels by 2030. She would also continue with a beefed-up version of the Liberals carbon tax.
The Greens want to end fossil fuel subsidies, and the importation of oil and gas. May would ban fracking and place a moratorium on pipeline expansion. By 2030 the Green plan would aggressively reduce emissions in building and ban fossil fuels as a source of electricity. May would also make significant changes to the transportation sectors including a mandate that all new cars sold in Canada would be electric by 2030 and combustion engine cars would be phased out altogether by 2040.
Climate Strikes Call for Urgent Action
UN Youth Climate Summit
The presidency of Donald J Trump ended as it began, with dysfunction and narcissistic self-preoccupation. Trump's presidency is a stain that will not wash. His four years in office have been...
Trump Leads an Insurrection after He and the GOP are Rejected in a Historic Election
January 6, 2021 is a historic day, it is also a day that will live in infamy. The day that started with historic electoral victories and ended with a mob...


Delhi-based writer wins Commonwealth best book prize
Prokerela.com,12 April 2010
Delhi-based writer Rana Dasgupta Monday won the Commonwealth Writers' Prize for the best book "Solo", the story of a Bulgarian centenarian who lives through the 20th century and daydreams of the 21st.
Glenda Guest of Australia won the prize for the best first book "Siddon Rock", known for its rich cast of characters and a wonderful blend of everyday with fantasy.
The prizes were given away by Minister of State for External Affairs Shashi Tharoor at a star-studded ceremony in the capital's India International Centre.
Addressing the ceremony, Tharoor said he was delighted that Delhi played host to the Commonwealth awards this year.
"The awards are not a celebration of colonisation but a celebration of English as a language that binds us together," he said.
This is the first time the Commonwealth Writers' awards ceremony was being held in India, which will also host the Commonwealth Games in October.
The prize for the best book carried a purse of 10,000 pounds and the best first book 5,000 pounds.
The winner had to compete with seven regional winners of the best first book and the best book from Africa, the Carribbean and Canada, South Asia-Europe, South East Asia-Pacific regions.
The list of regional winners included Adaobi Tricia Nwaubani (Nigeria), Marie Heese (South Africa), Shandi Mitchell (Canada), Daniyal Mueenuddin (Pakistan), Rana Dasgupta (India), Glenda Guest (Australia) and Albert Wendt (Samoa).
Commenting on the nature of the entries this year, Mark Collins, director of the Commonwealth Foundation, said: "The level of entries this year has been absolutely outstanding and the competition fierce. Taken as a whole, the eight winning books – from Australia, Canada, Nigeria, Pakistan, Samoa, South Africa and the UK – are reaching out to readers across all cultures. These compelling works offer strong insight, spirit and voice about the incredible diversity, history and life of the Commonwealth."
The 2010 pan-Commonwealth panel of judges to decide the overall winners included Justice Nicholas Hasluck (chair of the Commonwealth Writers' Prize), Elinor Sisulu (Africa), Antonia MacDonald Smythe, Muneeza Shamsie and Anne Brewster and Delhi-based makarand Paranjpaye.
The 10,000 pound best book prize in 2009 was awarded to Australian writer Christos Tsiolkas for "The Slap" and Pakistani writer Mohammed Hanif won the best first book prize for "A Case of Exploding Mangoes" in the awards ceremony in New Zealand.
The Commonwealth Writers' Prize was established in 1987 jointly by the Commonwealth Foundation and the Macquarie Group Foundation. The foundation is an inter-governmental body working to help civil society organisations promote democracy, development and cultural understanding in Commonwealth countries.


Solihull Community Housing was set up in April 2004 to run the housing service on behalf of Solihull Council.
Solihull Community Housing (SCH) is the Arm's Length Management Organisation (ALMO) set up in April 2004 to run the housing service on behalf of Solihull Council. This means that with Solihull Council own the properties but housing services are delivered by us.
We manage just under 10,000 tenanted homes and approximately 1,000 leasehold properties. We also look after just over 5,000 garages and a small number of shared ownership properties. We manage around 100 temporary accommodation units, supplemented by private sector leasing properties.
We are run by a Board made up of three tenants, four councillors and three independent people chosen for their specialist skills and experience.
We have a five-year Future Strategic Vision: to Provide Homes, Improve Wellbeing and Strengthen Communities, which embraces a continuing commitment to contribute to the development and implementation of the Solihull Council Plan.
Solihull Partnership
National Federation of ALMOs
Solihull Council
Delivery Plan 2018-19
Future Strategic Vision 2017 – 2022
Board The Board are responsible for directing the affairs of Solihull Community Housing…. Read more
Our Vision is to: Provide Homes Improve Wellbeing Strengthen Communities This Vision is… Read more
Our Executive Management Team includes a Chief Executive and three Executive Directors who specialise in… Read more
We produce a number of reports which are available here for you to… Read more
We have built a number of new properties in the last few years…. Read more
You can find out about our latest news and community events here.
Please read our policies and procedures below. Antisocial Behaviour Policy Charging for Repairs… Read more
If you would like to live in a brand new apartment, but need… Read more


Pranks, bad jokes not funny
Hannah Trimble, Rampage Reporter
Instagram Comedians are undeniably high on the list of the worst things in our modern society. Instagram comedians are people that fall under a large umbrella of awfulness that includes stupid pranks, horrible skits, and cringe-worthy random interviews that are all put into 60-second videos and posted to Instagram. The term "comedian" is also loosely used, as none of these people are even remotely in the realm of funny.
Most of these people are making large amounts of money, as they get large amounts of views and engagements on the platform, which then prompts them to keep making these atrocities for young, impressionable people to watch and look up to. This would be okay, and almost great if these people had any sort of decency in them. Most of the interviews are demeaning and/or borderline harassment and the skits are low-budget, low-effort, and offensive for a high payoff, which makes zero sense, because they're horrible and not entertaining.
Now, most of the general population can laugh at a borderline offensive joke. However, the catch is that it actually has to be funny. None of these people are funny, so, therefore, unless you think blunt and unfunny misogyny, harassment, racism, and corny-ness is somehow entertaining, they're an actual burden to society.
Basically, when you're walking down the street, just leave people alone, they most likely would not like to be filmed. There are other ways to go viral if you really feel the need to, because profiting off of making people uncomfortable is not a very honorable thing to do, and its honestly just makes you a horrible person.
Also, stop telling little kids that it's okay to go out and treat people in the worst ways, and then walk into a grocery store and do a backflip. We need to stop paying attention to them, and if you really think men harassing women on the street is somehow the funniest thing on earth, you're part of the problem.
This type of behavior need to be eliminated if we're all being honest. All it does is promote horrible behavior in unfunny ways, and the world would be a better place knowing that I won't get "pranked" when I'm in public.
Why you SHOULD support traditional animal shelters
Adultism: A barrier for young people
Slowing, stopping the rising cost of prescription drugs
16-year-olds may gain right to vote in San Francisco
Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist: The Show You Should Be Watching
Stay Home, Stay Busy
What if the Martians Survived?
The Muddy Mississippi
Reflections of a new Ram wrestler


By the end of the 2016/17 financial year, the Department of Health aims to have around 800 000 people getting their medicine by courier.
#AIDS2016: Great news for stable patients
By KERRY CULLINAN Jul 18, 2016
More than six million South Africans living with HIV are now eligible for antiretroviral medicine, thanks to government's new policy of "HIV test and treat" – but this patient volume could overwhelm clinics.
As a result, the Department of Health is working on plans to enable stable HIV positive patients with undetectable viral loads to get their ARVs from outside the clinics.
"Where a person's viral load is undetectable and they are stable, we want to decant about 1.6 million patients into the Chronic Medicine Distribution Programme, so they can get their ARVs sent to them via courier," says Dr Yogan Pillay, deputy director-general of health.
"By the end of the 2016/17 financial year, we aim to have around 800 000 people getting their medicine by courier. If we can't decant them and get their medicine to them, they will default when they don't have transport money. It will also decrease the volume of patients on our facilities so that health workers can give more time to the sick patients."
The department is also putting effort into setting up adherence clubs, both to encourage people to keep taking their ARVs for life, and to distribute ARVs to people. The NDoH's current aim is for 40% of people on ART to receive their ART through adherence clubs.
Medicins sans Frontieres (Doctors without Borders) piloted ARV adherence clubs in Khayelitsha, Cape Town, to make it easier for people to get their ARVs and to relieve clinics.
The clubs are made up of not more than 30 people who have been on ARVs for at least a year, are stable and virally suppressed. Each club has a co-ordinator, usually a lay counsellor or peer educator. Some clubs meet at clinics, while others meet at community venues or club members' homes.
All club members see a nurse twice a year: once for blood tests, and then two months later for their annual check-up.
Health-e News


UK Media Watch Editors and Contributors
Editors' Code of Practice
Tony Greenstein
Sky News Arabia
Sky News Arabia claims "5 million Palestinian refugees"….in 1949!
By Guest/Cross Post on May 30, 2019 • ( 59 Comments )
In a report published last week on its website ("Washington calls for the elimination of the Works and Relief Agency for Palestine Refugees [UNRWA – CAMERA Arabic]", May 23rd), Sky News Arabia claimed that there were five million Palestinian refugees….in 1949! (translation by CAMERA Arabic):
"It should be noted that UNRWA was founded in 1949 to provide education and health services to circa 5 million Palestinian refugees in Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, the Gaza Strip and the West Bank including occupied East Jerusalem".
Of course, the real number of Palestinians UNRWA was mandated in 1949 to provide aid to is more than six times lower – around 750,000. The agency has been criticised for the inflation in numbers of "Palestinian refugees" over the years, an inflation prompted by a policy which – contrary to how other refugee groups in the world are treated – automatically grants refugee status to subsequent generations of Palestinians.
Such criticism helps explain calls heard from Washington to close it down.
However, Sky News Arabia likely wouldn't want its readers to be reminded of the connection between criticism aimed at UNRWA regarding their perpetuation of the "refugees issue" and American calls to axe the UN agency. In this context, it seems clear why the network – a joint venture between the UK-based Sky News and the UAE-based Abu Dhabi Media Investment Corp. – would falsely claim there were 5 million refugees all along.
Research and writing by CAMERA Arabic. Edited by UK Media Watch.
BBC Arabic website promotes antisemitic Holocaust analogy (BBC Watch)
Sky News Arabia suggests AJ+ bowed to 'Israeli pressure' in nixing Holocaust video (UK Media Watch)
CAMERA Arabic prompts Deutsche Well correction on Israel's Independence Day (CAMERA)
Categories: Sky News Arabia
Tagged as: Israel, Palestinian people, Palestinian Refugees, Refugees, United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East, UNRWA
BBC 2 'Newsnight' fails to challenge misinformation on antisemitism
Pro-Israel activists confront hate and extremism on the streets of London
Mike Farmer says:
Yet Jews everywhere have a 'right' to go and live in Israel millennia after they left. Yeah, right. Hypocrites.
Richard Turnbull says:
No, that doesn't equate to "hypocrisy" — it would only be hypocritical to insist that once a State of Palestine is created
(ex hypothesi) from most of the West Bank and Gaza, Palestinians have no right to return from other nations and reside there, but Jews should retain the right to move to Israel and live there.
Do you see now? Do you see why that would be contradictory and hypocritical?
Charlie in NY says:
That right of return and settlement was enshrined in international law by way of the League of Nations Mandate for Palestine in 1922. Under Article 80 of the UN Charter, no international body could diminish that right. It was viewed as an appropriate effort to right an historical wrong as a part of the disposition of the Middle East holdings of the defeated Ottoman Empire after WWI.
In that context, for those who speak of fairness, the Jewish people were the only indigenous group to re-establish their sovereignty, albeit today on a quarter of the historical homeland whose borders were set out in 1922. The Arabs, who had conquered the area by the 8th century, and dispossessed by other Muslims by the 12th, today find themselves ruling over 99.75% of the former Ottoman lands. Israel sits on the remaining 0.25%. Perhaps there is hypocrisy in this disposition, but if there is it overwhelmingly favors the descendants of Arab colonialists at the expense of the indigenous peoples of the region.
koufaxmitzvah says:
Nazi Farmer has a computer so he has earned the right to harass Jews online with his bloviating asshole of a brain. Dumbfuck.
koufaxmitzvah, no one has the right to harass Jews online or any other place.
In spite of the attempts by some to belittle the IHRA working definition on anti-Semitism the facts are that, along with other European Governments, the U.K. Government has adopted the IHRA definition.
Whatever you might think of the European Parliament, they are the second largest democratically elected body in the World, they passed a resolution in 2017 adopting the IHRA definition, link below
http://ep-wgas.eu/2017/06/01/960/
So anyone who claims to live in the U.K. but tries to belittle or refuse to accept the IHRA definition is baying at the moon.
It wasn't the Jews trying to drive the Arabs into the sea ignoramus.
Get an education Farmer. "Israel is not a European State because Jews are Indigenous to the Middle East" by http://hurryupharry.org/2019/05/23/israel-is-not-a-european-state-because-jews-are-indigenous-to-the-middle-east/
I'm guilty of the same thing. Sometimes, we expect too much. Expecting Farmer to get educated is like expecting a waterfall to plunge up.
Even the 1949 number of actual refugees is unknown as UNWRA admitted early in the 1950s, when it still believed its job was to assimilate the Arabs of Palestine in their host countries. There was little to no effort to investigate the applicants background and there was a widespread view that a not inconsiderable number of non-refugees applied to secure the welfare benefits provided. In addition, of course, there was no attempt to distinguish among Arabs of Palestine who had entered the Mandate legally and who entered illegally – as the latter group would not have qualified under international law.
Aidan Donnelly says:
The original territory of the Mandate for palestine, set aside for the Jews, consisted of the territory between the Mediterranean Sea till the Desert of Arabia, that is, including Israel of today, Jordan and the Golan Heights.
The day the Mandate for palestine was voted in London by all the 51 members of the League of Nations, the 24th of July 1922, the British, who had become the Mandatory Authority, suggested a proposal that had been accorded under Article 25 of the Mandate, and I quote: "In the territories lying between the Jordan and the eastern boundary of palestine as ultimately determined, the Mandatory Authority shall be entitled, with the consent of the Council of the League of Nations, to postpone or withhold applications of such provisions of the Mandate as he may consider inapplicable to the existing local conditions…" Unquote!
With this concession the British took the 77% of the Mandated Territory – all that east of the Jordan River and made an Arab State.
This shows the 'two state solution' was implemented in 1923, with the vast majority of the district being given to the Arabs.
The 23% west of the Jordan River was legally given to the Jews. It also includes Galilee , the Golan Heights, Gaza, Judea and Samaria.
The British restricted Jewish immigration into the land that had been granted the Jewish people under the Mandate, though their Mandate was precisely to facilitate the setting up of that Homeland. In reality they allowed uncounted thousands of Arabs to move into the Jewish area, taking advantage of the opportunities now available due to the hard work of the Jewish settlers in building and agriculture.
Winston Churchill said in 1938 that so many Arabs had entered illegally that the small number of Jews allowed by the British to Immigrate to a land theirs by any standard including International law, could not make up a fraction of new occupiers of the land.
It was partially due to this restriction and illegal immigration that so many Jews were unable to leave Europe and fell victim to the Nazi Regime.
Even after the war the British continued their policy, removing arriving death camp survivors to land legally Jewish, interning many of these poor survivors on Cyprus where they remained until the British withdrawal. When they withdrew many areas legally Jewish were handed over to Arabs instead.
In the assault of the five Arab armies following Israel coming into being again in 1948, the Jordanian Army took Judea and Samaria (deliberately mis-named 'The West bank'), and illegally annexed them, killing or driving out the Jewish people living there,the Egyptians did the same with Gaza. But from 1948 to 1967 when the IDF drove them out, they made no attempt to set up a 'Palestinian State'.
Meantime those Arabs living in Israel were not expelled, though some tens of thousands left. Instead they were granted citizenship and equality, which they still have, including representatives in the Knesset.
Taking into consideration that the Mandatory Authority (the British) doesn't exist anymore, Article 25 of the Mandate is actually null and void, but the Mandate for palestine remains International Law, can't be rescinded, and was reaffirmed by Article 80 of the United Nations' Charter. All the land currently under IDF occupation is Jewish under that charter and therefore in International Law.Gaza remains Jewish under International Law though it is not occupied – no Jews have lived there since Sharon gave it the the PA.
ever carp
Geary says:
Sky News Arabia … so many "news" channels in Arabic. Money talks … and tells lies.
Pingback: 05/30 Links Pt2: Anti-Zionism Worse than Anti-Semitism; Political Correctness Blinds Us To The Causes Of Anti-Semitism'; Germany must confront Muslim anti-Semitism; BBC Arabic website promotes antisemitic Holocaust analogy – 24/6 Magazine
The visceral antisemitism on display in this thread is very telling. The Jewhate rage is so strong the keyboard is no longer manipulated in a controlled manner. All pretence is gone. 🇮🇱🕎
Paul Leslie says:
Slightly O/T What is a JC journalist doing retweeting but not refuting the following lies? (It is only one or two people in the ensuing thread who are doing this)
Ben Weich Retweeted
Dr Rosena Allin-KhanVerified account @DrRosena · 6h6 hours ago
I visited the West Bank and Jerusalem recently and spoke on @BBCR4Today about the cruel and inhumane permit system which means children in hospital can't be accompanied by their parents.
26 replies . 244 retweets 316 likes
Ben Weich is a virtue signalling regressive leftist.
jeff21st says:
If memory serves, and it does, Arab refugees from the 1948 war were known as "Palestine refugees," and not "Palestinian refugees" for reasons that were at the time obvious and since that time obfuscated, giving clowns such as Mike Farmer a reason to live. The numbers of Palestine refugees were not in the millions. And of course, there couldn't have been more refugees than Arabs living there at the time, so 5 million is a ridiculous impossibility.
But from that time until now there has never been a shortage of lies about it.
Pingback: Schaschlik | abseits vom mainstream - heplev
The Times erases the ethnic cleansing of Egypt's Jews January 14, 2020
Guardian corrects: deletes claim Arab Israelis have no political representation January 12, 2020
Independent corrects false claim over Netanyahu Facebook post January 9, 2020
Telegraph corrects article that omitted ICC's plans to investigate Hamas January 8, 2020
Independent Arabia profiles a 'good Jew': an anti-Zionist and convert to Islam January 6, 2020
Our top 10 favourite posts of the decade January 2, 2020
Unpacking the Indy's latest tale of 'Israeli cruelty' January 1, 2020
Guardian describes 1991 antisemitic Crown Heights riots as two communities "clashing" December 30, 2019
Sky News Arabia blames Israel for Jewish exodus from Arab lands December 26, 2019
Guardian evokes analogy between Israel's security fence and Soviet Iron Curtain December 26, 2019
Restoring synagogues… on The Times erases the ethnic cl…
Richard Turnbull on The Times erases the ethnic cl…
Bataween on The Times erases the ethnic cl…
Daniel on The Times erases the ethnic cl…
01/13 Links Pt2: Whi… on Guardian corrects: deletes cla…
CiF Watch Posts and Comments
Please click here to view our Fair Use Notice.
Please click here to view our Terms of Use.
Top categories: Guardian Palestinian people