HomePosts tagged 'Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148)'
Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148)
This is the Dawning of the Aquarius Micro-Age Decan
July 12, 2015 May 30, 2017 Terry MacKinnell Age of Aquarius, American Civil War, Aquarian age, Baby Boomers, big history, China, environment, Feminism, Great Depression, illegal immigrants, Inner Truth, Middle East, migration, Roman Catholic Church, sexual revolution, USA	Allen Dulles (later head of the CIA), and Secretary of Treasury), Andrew Mellon (head of Alcoa, Aquarius micro-age decan (Dec 2014 – Dec 2019), Art Deco, astrology, Baby Boomer, banker, Berlin, Bernie Saunders, Black Legion, Bleeding Kansas, Bolsheviks, California, Canada, Charles Lindbergh, Charlie Hebdo, Chicago, China, Civil War (1861 to 1865), Coca-Cola, compulsory vaccination, Donald Trump, DuPont, electricity, fascism, Ford, Franklin Roosevelt, Gemini micro-age (1851 -1866), Gemini micro-age (Dec 2014 – Nov 2029), General Electric. Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow (1851 – 1861), General Motors, Grapes of Wrath, Greece, Hillary Clinton, Hitler, Inner Truth, Ireland, ISIS, Italy, ITT, Japan, Jazz Age, John Rockefeller, Joseph Kennedy (JFK's father), Libra sub-age (1970 – 2148), London, Los Angeles, macro-astrology, Mussolini, National City Bank, Nazis, New Deal, New Orleans, New York City, New Zealand and much of Polynesia, OECD, Paris, Philadelphia, Prescott Bush, Prohibition, Roaring 20s, Russia, Scandinavia, Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148), slavery, Spain, Standard Oil (now Exxon), the Middle East, Tunisia, William Randolph Hearst
No Baby Boomer, or anyone born later, has ever experienced a serious Aquarius sub-period of the Age of Aquarius. When some Baby Boomers turned on, tuned in and dropped out in the 1960s and 70s they were not responding to the new Age of Aquarius, they were mainly responding to the 1970 peak of the Scorpio sub-age and overflow (1791 – 1970 – 2148). The combination of revolutionary Scorpio and revolutionary Aquarius produced a major shakeup of mainly western culture and the ripples of this cultural shakeup are still strongly affecting society today. The latest example is the recent confirmation by the US Supreme Court of the nation-wide legalization of gay marriage. This ruling is also an early example of the new Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow.
The new Aquarius micro-age decan (Dec 2014 – Dec 2019) is the first micro-age decan of the new Gemini micro-age (Dec 2014 – Nov 2029) which resides in the Libra sub-age (1970 – 2148) – the forth sub-age in the Age of Aquarius. For an explanation of the sub-periods of the astrological ages, see the Details of the Age of Aquarius for Dummies.
Why should gays have an easy time in an Aquarius micro-age decan? Aquarius is an extremist sign, and so it places a focus on the outliers of the bell curve, not the mainstream majority. Any group or sub-culture that is different, eccentric or on the fringe is favored by Aquarius – and this includes homosexuals. Under Aquarius minorities can temporarily swing the mainstream their way. This has mixed results as there is no guarantee the minority group is forward thinking with a positive effect upon society. For example, any examination of the last Aquarius micro-age (1910 – 25) reveals the ability of the fringe Bolsheviks in Russia to take over their government and commence the worldwide communist revolution.
In the more potent Aquarius micro-age overflow period (1925 – 1940) the Nazi's were able to sway the German public to their fascist principles at the same time similar events were occurring in Spain, Italy and Japan with echoes in most western countries including the USA. Few people realize that the German Nazi's never obtained more than a little over 20% electoral support. The term "Fascism" was first used in 1915 by members of Mussolini's movement, the Fasci of Revolutionary Action. [1]
The world is not even past the one year mark of the current Aquarius micro-age decan and already it has stamped its mark upon an unsuspecting world. In the same way that the revolutionary peak of the Scorpio sub-age and overflow in the 1970s resonated with the revolutionary Age of Aquarius, so to the current revolutionary Aquarius micro-age decan resonates with the revolutionary Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970 – 2148). We are indeed in for some interesting times, especially in the Aquarius quasi micro-age decan (Jun 2017 – Jun 2022) which corresponds to the upper half of the Aquarius micro-age decan bell curve.
What has occurred since December 2014 that points towards Aquarius apart from confirmation of gay marriage in the USA? One small but noteworthy item is the clearance given the propose law to the compulsory vaccination of children in California otherwise they will be prevented from attending public or private schools. This is an example of the coercive fascist side of Aquarius. On the other side is the legalization of gay marriage in Ireland in May 2015.
On the serious negative side we have the Charlie Hebdo terrorist massacre in January 2015 which can be directly linked astrologically to the four ISIS inspired attacks in June including the deaths of 40 people at the Tunisian resort at Port El Kantaoui. Aquarius is the sign of radicals and revolutionaries. There will be more than just radicals and homosexuals associated with the current Aquarius micro-age decan. In the more advanced or evolved societies, the push will be towards progressive policies, and the legalization of gay marriage is just one such avenue. In the less evolved societies, there will be a tendency towards fascism of one sort or another. Countries like Russia, Thailand and much of Asia, Africa and South America will tend towards totalitarian autocratic type rule to solve their problems. The more entrenched democratic societies are generally protected from such autocratic tendencies but fascist anti- immigration groups will get more powerful and influential even in First World Countries over the coming decade.
Senator Bernie Saunders
How will the Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow play out in the USA? Already Donald Trump has jumped on the fascist-leaning bandwagon with his declaration of virtual war against Mexicans. Fascism always tends to deal with issues in a black and white fashion exploiting populace views. The already polarized political spectrum in the USA will become more polarized. If on one extreme we have Donald Trump, on the other extreme we have Bernie Saunders nominating for the Democrats as their presidential candidate. Bernie is the perfect example of a progressive promoting the positive side of Aquarius. Hillary Clinton also pushes the Aquarius button as a female president of the USA is a progressive development.
President Franklin Roosevelt
The last Aquarius micro-age and overflow (1910-1925-1940) is instructive about how the two sides of Aquarius can manifest. This period saw the presidency of Franklin Roosevelt (1882 – 1945) who was actually one of the most progressive presidents in the history of the USA and in response to the devastation of the Great Depression, he introduced a range of very progressive policies under the New Deal. He was president from 1933 to 1945 aligned roughly with the Aquarius micro-age overflow (1925 – 1940). FDR's New Deal promoted united labor unions, big city machines, white ethnics, African Americans, and rural white Southerners while at the same time more closely regulating business and high finance. Also in line with freedom-loving Aquarius, Prohibition in the USA was repealed in 1933. However all was not rosy in the USA in the 1930s, and the clash of the collective strength of the impoverished and destitute versus local fascism was ably portrayed in John Steinbeck's novel "Grapes of Wrath"
However in parallel with the progressive FDR, was the appearance of the Black Legion, which included in its membership serving members of the military and National Guard. This group was the most violent expression of organized opposition against FDR and his New Deal policies. The Black Legion openly acknowledged that they considered the president a threat and sought the overthrow of the government. The group primarily targeted Communists, blacks, Jews, and Catholics in the name of God for the protection of white Protestant America. The group was heavily associated with the Republican Party. The group was political, large, and took serious action, including lynching people, shooting murders, floggings, kidnappings, and general threats of violence against people and groups that they opposed. The Black Legion was also acting in accord with the interests of some corporations and actively assisted corporations in union busting and threatening labor organizers.
In addition to the thugs of the Black Legion, some of the most famous American companies and business people were deeply involved with the Fascist regimes of Europe in the 1930s of which they admired. These included: William Randolph Hearst, Joseph Kennedy (JFK's father), Charles Lindbergh, John Rockefeller, Andrew Mellon (head of Alcoa, banker, and Secretary of Treasury), DuPont, General Motors, Standard Oil (now Exxon), Ford, ITT, Allen Dulles (later head of the CIA), Prescott Bush, National City Bank, Coca-Cola, and General Electric. It was reported by the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary in 1974 that:
"The activities of General Motors, Ford and Chrysler prior to and during World War II…are instructive…… In short, they were private governments unaccountable to the citizens of any country yet possessing tremendous influence over the course of war and peace in the world. The substantial contribution of these firms to the American war effort in terms of tanks, aircraft components, and other military equipment is widely acknowledged. Less well known are the simultaneous contributions of their foreign subsidiaries to the Axis Powers. In sum, they maximized profits by supplying both sides with the materiel needed to conduct the war."[2]
The fascist way of describing corporations is to label them as anti-democratic dark forces of concentrated wealth, but this would be pure idiocy. Like nearly everything, there are two sides to corporations and business interests. The wealth and affluence we experience today is due to the successful wealth creation of corporations and business interests over the last few centuries. When communism banned corporations and private enterprise they not only threw the baby out with the bathwater, they threw out virtually the whole family. 20th century communism was an abject failure but people have difficulty with big picture perspective and therefore cannot see that the world pendulum has swung the other way and has arrived at extreme capitalism. While extreme capitalism continues to exist, it can sway and influence governments, governmental policies and laws and even more, as the Murdoch press did to the 2000 US elections in what could be regarded as the first corporate coup in the USA. Corporate heavyweights also planned a coup to topple FDR. Despite the dark forces around him, FDR instituted many progressive reforms in the USA.
Pushing back to previous Aquarius periods of note we arrive at the Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow (1851 – 1861) of the Gemini micro-age (1851 -1866). This is the same combination and arrangement as the current Aquarius micro-age decan. The 1850s in the USA was the decade of 'Bleeding Kansas' when a series of violent political confrontations between anti-slavery and pro-slavery elements took place mainly in the Kansas Territory between 1854 and 1861, exactly coincident with the Aquarius micro-age decan overflow (1856 – 1861) when this Aquarius period was at full strength. The heart of the conflict was the question of slavery. This conflict was a proxy war between anti-slavery forces in the North and pro-slavery forces from the South.
This conflict presaged the Civil War (1861 to 1865)[3] exactly coincident with the middle Libra micro-age decan overflow (1861 -1866) of the 19th century Gemini micro-age. This suggests that Libra is a dangerous sign for entrenched traditional elements in the USA and suggest the period 2024 to 2029 (again aligned to a Libra micro-age decan overflow) will be an extreme confrontational period in the USA. The seeds of this conflict should appear with the current Aquarius micro-age decan (2014 – 2019) and become bleeding obvious in the period 2019 – 2024. This does not suggest anything as extreme as a civil war, as the 19th century period occurred just past the 1851 peak of the Cancer sub-age decan and overflow (1791-1851-1910) with Cancer in opposition to the highly conservative Capricorn element high on the USA's totem pole. Context is everything in macro-astrology. However the levels of opposition and bitterness will reach new heights.
There is the possibility that another progressive president of FDR genus may appear in American politics under the current Aquarius period. Bernie Saunders may be FDR reincarnated? However the current Aquarius period is one third the strength and size of FDR's Aquarius micro-age and overflow. This limits both the degree of progressive policies that will occur and the opposing fascists' sentiments of conservative groups. However, fascist tendencies will also strengthen in the USA over the coming decade in the current Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow even if Hillary Clinton or Bernie Saunders becomes president.
If the world just kept going around in circles, we would have the likes of Hitler and Mussolini appear regularly, but each decade and century pushes the world further into the heartland of the Age of Aquarius, and the astrology strongly suggests that the world is heading towards a more progressive and democratic world. As an example, all OECD nations[4] are firmly democratic. Since December 2014, for the first time in over 7,000 years, the world is in an age, age-decan, sub-age, sub-age decan, micro-age and micro-age decan which when combined with all their respective overflow periods, are ALL in Water or Air zodiacal signs. It is the Fire and Earth signs that breed conservatism while the Air and Water signs promote progressive liberal policies. So while there will be some backtracking, especially in the Second and Third World nations, the world is not speeding towards fascism but towards secular progressive democratic liberalism.
The liberal-fascist struggle will be played out mainly in the Middle East, China, Russia and Africa in the coming decade with fascism always the easy option. The current Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow sits under the shadow of the Cancer micro-age overflow (2014 – 2029). Cancer promotes China, Russia, Scandinavia, Canada, New Zealand and much of Polynesia, the Middle East including Greece. These countries and regions excluding Scandinavia, Canada and New Zealand may succumb to backward political developments. Progressive modern countries will be influenced by both sides of Aquarius but fascism needs an undemocratic environment to succeed and these countries are unlikely to succumb to populace brute force over democracy.
The revealing years for the current Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow is the overflow period of December 2019 to November 2024 when the era of military coups so strong in the 1960s and 70s (under Scorpio) will again affect less evolved countries. Some second tier countries will make progressive advances and other will turn more to fascism to control their populations. Third World countries will be the most prone to autocratic exercise of fascism. The countries most at risk are associated with Leo as Leo is opposite Aquarius and therefore Leo countries will be either under threat or aggressive. The Leo associated countries also include all of South America plus Bhutan, France (and particularly Paris – the City of Light), Greece, India, Israel and Zimbabwe – though these lists are incomplete.
Already Paris has been hit with the Charlie Hebdo terrorist attack. Greece resorted to a democratic defense in July 2015 to attempt to fight off the international bankers. The likely contenders to be caught in the Aquarius net are: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia and South America in general, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Turkey and the USA. Singapore and Turkey will be interesting case studies to watch to see how far they may graduate into progressive countries or regress into fascism even though Turkey is an OECD country.
Countries that are financially vulnerable under Aquarius are any country associated with Cancer. This includes a significant number of countries with China at the top of the list followed by Middle Eastern countries, much of Polynesia, France, Greece, Iceland, India, Ireland, Mexico, Canada, Russia, and the UK. Countries that can lose prestige in any of a number of ways are those countries associated with Scorpio. Scorpio countries include France, Germany, Indonesia and Japan (though Germany has a strong relationship with Aquarius and therefore avoid any loss of prestige). The Roman Catholic Church's reputation or status is also awkward in this period as the Roman Catholic Church is a Pisces-Scorpio institution (with plenty of Aries and Capricorn thrown into the mix).
The four stages of the Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow are as follows:
Stage Start End Strength
1 Dec-14 Jun-17 Weak
2 Jun-17 Dec-19 Medium
3 Dec-19 Jun-22 Strong
4 Jun-22 Nov-24 Medium-Strong
The next upgrade of Aquarius is around June 2017 where even stronger hints of what lie ahead should appear. From December 2019 onwards it is Aquarius all-the-way but from June 2022 it will pull back somewhat as the Libra quasi micro-age decan comes online but there is always a sting in the tail of all periods in macro-astrology.
The Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow will also archetypally interface in part with the Cancer micro-age overflow (2014 – 2029) because Cancer is anti-authoritarian and Aquarius is revolutionary which means it is usually fighting authority. People from one end of the world to the other will be seeking to break free of out-of-date restrictions and limitations. In response, reactionary forces will institute draconian and fascist's measures to counter such 'insurrection' and the strength of each society will determine which of the progressive or reactionary forces succeed. In some cases it will be the opposite scenario where the revolutionary forces (ISIS, Taliban, Al Quada etc.) or anti-immigration parties will attempt to exert their views upon society and either succeed or fail. The anti-immigration forces will strengthen as the Cancer micro-age decan overflow that commenced in December 2014 ensures 7 years of increased movement of people between countries seeking a better home and lifestyle compared to before December 2014.
Another side of Aquarius is excitement. The last Aquarius micro-age coincided with the Roaring 20s and the Jazz Age. The cultural aspects of the Roaring Twenties began in leading metropolitan centers, especially Chicago, New Orleans, Los Angeles, New York City, Philadelphia, Paris, Berlin and London; then spread widely in the aftermath of World War I producing a period with a distinct cultural edge. The French called it the "Crazy Years" emphasizing the era's social, artistic and cultural dynamism. Jazz music blossomed, the flapper redefined modern womanhood and Art Deco peaked. The era saw the large-scale use of electricity (ruled by Aquarius) plus significant changes in lifestyle and culture. In most major countries women won the right to vote. The spirit of the Roaring Twenties was marked by a general feeling of discontinuity associated with (Aquarius) modernity and a break with traditions. Everything seemed to be feasible through modern technology. New technologies, especially automobiles, movies and radio enhanced the surge of "modernity" to a large part of the population. At the same time, jazz became popular and the period is also often referred to as the Jazz Age.[5] We can expect exciting times ahead under our smaller Aquarius period and perhaps we will see some Jazz musicians the likes we have not seen for decades? The discordance of jazz matches the eccentric nature of Aquarius.
Finally, the new Aquarius period will 'oppose' the remnant influence from the Leo micro-age and overflow (1985-2000-2014) with the Leo micro-age period proper (1985 – 2000) aligned to the greatest bull market of all times. The first major threat to the (Leo) bull market was the Scorpio micro-age decan overflow (2010-2014) coinciding with the darkest years of the recent Global Recession as Scorpio 'demotes' anything associated with Leo. The remnants of the Leo bull market left in the world will get trampled upon by the Aquarius period, especially its overflow commencing in December 2019. This may already be affecting China's share markets.
Aquarius is one of the ruling signs for astrology, the other two keys signs also recognized as being associated with astrology are Scorpio and Cancer.[6] Considering the world is in the most potent Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148), Cancer micro-age overflow (2014 – 2029) and now in the Aquarius micro-age decan and overflow (2014-2019-2024) we can expect some significant developments in the world of astrology, especially in the period 2019 to 2024.
As the world slowly creaks towards the strength of the Aquarius Age over the coming centuries, the tide passes over different landscapes, and the main landscape at this part of the Age of Aquarius is defined by Scorpio due to the Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148). Change is accelerated at this time as both Scorpio and Aquarius promote change. Despite the great change forecast for the rest of this century, there is nothing as dire or gloomy as existed in the much of the first part of the 20th century. However Scorpio provides a hint at how to best deal with our time. Scorpio indicates that what is external is vulnerable because the strength lies inside. Scorpio is the time of inner truth and history indicates that in previous Scorpio periods, there were a far greater number of seers, visionaries and promoters of Truth compared to other periods. For example one of the greatest promoter of inner truth (when he was alive) was Jesus Christ[7] who lived almost at the same exact stage the world is in now but in the previous Scorpio sub-age overflow (8 BC – 173 AD). Our 2015 corresponds to year 36 AD. For those worried about climate change and the environment, the world will eventually be saved by the ethos of the new green and environmental movement that grew out of the alternative revolution of the 1960s and 70s at the peak of Scorpio. This will not succeed in the coming decade, but it will eventually succeed.
Never a dull moment under Aquarius!
Trump is Representative of the Age of Aquarius
The Progressives' Lament
[1]. Paul O'Brien. "Mussolini in the First World War: The Journalist, The Soldier, The Fascist". p. 52
[2] RG Price, "Fascism Part II: The Rise of American Fascism", May 15, 2004, http://www.rationalrevolution.net/articles/rise_of_american_fascism.htm
[3] Bleeding Kansas, Wikipedia, Retrieved 02:09, July 5, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleeding_Kansas&oldid=666234463
[4] OECD nations: Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, South Korea, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States from Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2015, June 27), Wikipedia, Retrieved 02:03, July 11, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development&oldid=668900043
[5] Roaring Twenties. (2015, July 8). Wikipedia, Retrieved 01:02, July 9, 2015, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roaring_Twenties&oldid=670526191
[6] Research has found that over the last 2,000 years whenever significant periods are ruled by Cancer, Scorpio or Aquarius, great strides are made in the evolution of astrology.
[7] Glenville Whittaker, "For Christ's Sake: pressing the refresh button on the life of Jesus", 2014
Associated Posts
A Funny Thing Happened in the 21st Century – Part 1
Will New Agers Rule the World
Further resources from Terry MacKinnell
www.macro-astrology.com – details of purchasing the book available
The Age of Aquarius for Dummies – explains the structure and sub-periods associated with the astrological ages
Aquarian Age Economics – Examines the relationship between macro-astrology and financial cycles
At the Cutting Edge of the Aquarian Age – Cutting edge research into the astrological ages for astrologers
FaceBook – keep up to date with what is happening
"The Dawning" is available from Xlibris, Amazon etc
Detailed examination of the astrological ages from the Age of Leo to the Age of Aquarius including age-decans
Falling Crime Rate Surprises Everyone
Quote February 18, 2015 October 1, 2019 Terry MacKinnell Cancer micro-age (2000-Dec 2014), environment, Iraq, Puritans, USA	1969, Afghanistan, Algeria, Aries quasi micro-age decan, Capricorn micro-age and overflow, Catalyst, child abuse, crime peak, crime rates and lead, Dallas, gasoline, Houston, insecurity, juvenile delinquency, lead, Leo quasi micro-age, Myanmar, New York City, North Korea, petrol, petroleum, Pollution, Puritans, Robert A. Kehoe, Scorpio sub-age and overflow, Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148), teenage pregnancy, vulnerability, Yemen
Why did violent crime peak around 1991 in the USA, Canada and elsewhere then commence to significantly reduce? In a New York Times article it was reported that the aggregation of all violent crime in the USA significantly peaked in 1991:
Perhaps nowhere has the drop been more stunning than in New York City, which reported only 328 homicides for 2014, compared with 2,245 in 1990.
There was not only a fall in serious crime, there was also declines in teenage pregnancy, child abuse and juvenile delinquency. [1]
Coincidentally, I only discovered the most likely reason for the falling crime rate from watching Catalyst, an Australian TV program, in an episode called Lead Astray[2] which included the following:
"New York today is a very different city to the one it was 20 years ago. For one thing, it's considered to be much safer. There's been a big drop in violent crime since the 1990s…. ..but oddly enough, as the rate of violent crime plunged in New York, it also plummeted in Los Angeles, Atlanta, Chicago, in fact, all over the United States and in many other countries."
"Although it's just a correlation, studies of individuals also show high childhood lead exposure increases the likelihood of a life marked by crime."
Not only is there a correlation, the correlation between crime levels and lead levels has a 22 years delay, so that the peak in crime in 1991 is 22 years after the peak in lead pollution around 1969. 1969 is an extremely interesting date because the peak of the 357 years Scorpio sub-age and overflow (1791-1970-2148) is 1970. [For details of the mechanics and terminology used in macro-astrology – refer to The Age of Aquarius for Dummies]
In the same way that Scorpio indicates the excretory organs for a person, in a worldwide perspective, Scorpio rules the excrement of the world – especially pollution. The astrology supports the assertion that the crime wave peak in 1991 correlates to the lead pollution levels in the late 1960s.
"Perhaps the biggest crime associated with lead is that it was known to have serious toxic effects long before it was added to petrol."
The history of the use of lead as a fuel additive has a direct correlation to Capricorn, the traditional ruler of lead. In 1924, the year before the start of the 30 year Capricorn micro-age and overflow (1925-40-55), 17 workers died from lead poisoning in Standard and DuPont refineries in New Jersey. This was so controversial at the time that it resulted in a one year moratorium on the addition of lead additives to gasoline (petrol) commencing in 1925, while an inquiry was under way. This inquiry and subsequent research were hijacked by the lead industry. The late 1920's research by Robert A. Kehoe of the University of Cincinnati concluded that lead had no adverse health benefits – and this corrupt assessment held sway until the 1960s. When an independent researcher discovered in 1943 that children with lead poisoning developed behavioral problems, he was threatened with a lawsuit and the research ceased. It took almost 40 years to discredit Kehoe and in the 1970s, the US government finally commenced phasing out lead in gasoline. The lead industry then shifted their marketing to developing countries and actively lobbied these governments against phasing out of lead in gasoline.[3] This unethical practice by global corporations has been mimicked by numerous other industries once they get banned or limited in First World countries.
Finally, it was during the Leo quasi micro-age (December 1993-July 2007), that nearly all countries passed laws to stop adding lead to gasoline – only Germany and Austria pre-empted this period but they still enacted laws in the first part of the Leo micro-age. Leo represents the 8th house of death to Capricorn lead!
How many peoples' lives have been ruined by lead? Very small exposure to lead seriously restricts the mental development of a child as they evolve into adults. Does this carelessness (to the point of criminality) of adding lead to gasoline apply to anything else? Are harmful residues of plastics, industrial chemicals, pesticides and so on having deleterious effects upon the general public? The astrology strongly supports this assertion plus there is the legendary unethical behavior of major corporations that are only focused upon their revenue like a drug pusher selling ice.
The strongest period for the Scorpio sub-age and overflow is the third quarter of its cycle – specifically the period 1970 to 2059. This is the period that Scorpio runs amok like a freight train out of control. Unfortunately, lead continues to be used widely in the world in a variety of situations other than a fuel additive. In addition, Iraq continues to add lead to petrol and other countries following the same practice are: Afghanistan, Burma ('Myanmar'), North Korea, Algeria and Yemen.[4]
As a result of the rapidly increasing crime rates in the 1980s, the USA enacted draconian laws including expanding the death penalty, spent billions of dollars extra in law enforcement and built more prisons. The USA now imprisons more of its population than any other country in the world.
Prisoner population rate per 100,000 population by country
What is the astrological reason behind the plummeting crime rates? From the astrological perspective, 1991 as the peak date for crime occurred in a Leo micro-age (1985-2000) in an Aries quasi micro-age decan (Sep 1987 – Sep 1992). If anything, this Aries should promote excess violent behavior and it did! However the Leo micro-age (1985-2000) is the same period as the Virgo micro-age overflow. What has prisons got to do with Virgo when Virgo's opposite sign, Pisces, rules prisons? Virgo sits at the 7th house position to Pisces and the 7th house indicates detraction or attack. In this case, prisons archetypally went on the attack capturing more and more of the general public and placing them in prisons like some giant one cell amoeba devouring its victims as depicted in horror movies I saw when a kid in California.
From a statistical perspective, it is very possible that in the USA, a significant percentage of crimes and prison inmates were probably due to excessive childhood exposure to lead levels, especially prevalent in inner city and former industrial areas. However reality is finally catching up, and some lawmakers are re-examining the costly crime control infrastructure to bring it back in line with the current much lower crime levels but Republicans are recalcitrant, and with Republicans controlling both houses of Congress, don't hold your breath. Canada never enforced draconian legal enforcement measures like the USA but its crime wave has also plummeted as with much of the world.
Why the heavy-handed response from the USA? The USA has Capricorn high on its totem pole, probably situated in third place after Pisces then Aquarius. Capricorn is hard-headed and lacking emotional warmth or connection. Certainly the USA's response to the spiraling crime wave of the 1980's was a hard-headed response compared to most of the rest of the world. This Capricorn explains why amongst First World Nations, the USA appears to have the most backward and conservative policies in many areas. On the other side of the equation, the Capricorn archetype that the Puritans brought with them to the USA (mainly in the Capricorn sub-age overflow 1612-1791) also gave them a self-reliant nature with a determination to get ahead in the world – something the USA has certainly accomplished in only a matter of a few centuries. However with Pisces at the top of the USA's totem pole, it is also prudent to view the USA as if it is bi-polar – a land of extremes.
The perception of most people in the world is that everything is getting worse, especially crime but this is not backed up by any facts. There is a noticeable gap between perception and reality by the general public. For example, when people were asked to rate the safety of 10 major cities in the USA, New York was rated the second most dangerous city, while Dallas and Houston were generally rated safe. The actual crime rate in New York is half of Dallas or Houston. This pessimistic outlook that appeared somewhere a few decades ago is in line with the Scorpio sub-age overflow (1970-2148). Under Scorpio, people feel vulnerable and insecure. The previous sub-age influence was from Sagittarius, and despite two world wars and tens of millions of people killed due to war, violence and pogroms etc., people in western nations felt optimistic. Sagittarius is an optimistic sign and Scorpio is the sign of insecurity. What has occurred in line with falling crime rates is more intense reporting of crime increasing the feeling of vulnerability by most people.
The New York Times does briefly mention the possible connection between crime rates and lead pollution but scientists do not accept statistical correlation as proof. This is why scientists reject astrology. Even if astrologers can demonstrate statistical relationships, unless the underlying cause can be proved, Capricorn ruled hard-headed scientists will continue to reject astrology.
In summary, lead as an additive to gasoline was used prior to the Capricorn micro-age and overflow (1925-40-55) but during this Capricorn period, it became an entrenched commercial practice resulting in a culmination of lead pollution in 1969 – one year off the absolute peak of the Scorpio sub-age and overflow (1791-1970-2148). The 22 year delay between lead levels and crime resulted in a crime peak in 1991 occurred in an Aries quasi micro-age decan (Sep 1987 – Sep 1992) with Aries always associated with violence. Lawmakers in the USA became alarmed and introduced a series of draconian law enforcement measures resulting in a burgeoning prison population in a period ruled by Pisces opposite sign Virgo, in the Virgo micro-age (1985-2000). Finally, in the Leo micro-age and overflow (1985-2000-2014), and even more specifically during the upper half of the bell-curve for Leo, the Leo quasi micro-age (December 1993-July 2007), nearly all countries passed laws to stop adding lead to gasoline – Leo represents the 8th house of death to Capricorn lead!
[1] Erik Eckholm, In a Safer Age, U.S. Rethinks Its 'Tough on Crime' System New York Times, Jan 13, 2015, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/14/us/with-crime-down-us-faces-legacy-of-a-violent-age-.html?rref=politics&module=Ribbon&version=context&region=Header&action=click&contentCollection=Politics&pgtype=article
[2] Catalyst Lead Astray, http://www.abc.net.au/catalyst/stories/4174798.htm
[3] Tetraethyllead, Wikipedia, Retrieved February 16, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tetraethyllead&oldid=647309043
[4] Anne Roberts, Six countries still use leaded petrol. Why?, LEAD Action News vol 11 Number 4, June 2011, ISSN 1324-6011, The journal of The LEAD (Lead Education and Abatement Design) Group Inc., http://www.lead.org.au/lanv11n4/lanv11n4-5.html


The 19 Best Long Sci Fi Books
December 20, 2022 by Joanne
If you're looking for the best long sci fi books to buy online, look no further than this compiled list. We've gathered together a selection of books that are sure to please, whether you're looking.
Our Favorite long sci fi books:
Winter World (The Long Winter Trilogy Book 1)
Riddle, A.G. (Author)
472 Pages - 02/26/2019 (Publication Date) - Legion Books (Publisher)
Litany of the Long Sun: Nightside the Long Sun and Lake of the Long Sun (Book of the Long Sun, Books 1 and 2)
Gene Wolfe (Author)
544 Pages - 04/01/2000 (Publication Date) - Orb Books (Publisher)
Exodus From The Long Sun: The Final Volume of the Book of the Long Sun
Wolfe, Gene (Author)
443 Pages - 05/07/2013 (Publication Date) - Tor Science Fiction (Publisher)
Epiphany of the Long Sun: Calde of the Long Sun and Exodus from the Long Sun (Book of the Long Sun, Books 3 and 4)
The Long Mirage (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
George III, David R. (Author)
400 Pages - 02/28/2017 (Publication Date) - Pocket Books/Star Trek (Publisher)
Lake of the Long Sun (Book of the Long Sun 2)
The Solar War (The Long Winter Trilogy Book 2)
Calde of the Long Sun: The Third Volume of the Book of the Long Sun
Nightside The Long Sun: The First Volume of the Book of the Long Sun
325 Pages - 12/15/1993 (Publication Date) - Tor Books (Publisher)
The Long Night Box Set: The Complete The Long Night Series - Books 1-6
Partner, Kevin (Author)
1154 Pages - 08/08/2019 (Publication Date) - Muonic Press Inc (Publisher)
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Asimov's Science Fiction
06/25/2018 (Publication Date) - Dell Magazines (Publisher)
Sea of Tranquility: A novel
Mandel, Emily St. John (Author)
Sci-Fi Creature Classics - 4-Movie Set - 20 Million Miles to Earth - The Giant Claw - It Came From Beneath The Sea - Mothra
William Hopper, Joan Taylor, Jeff Morrow (Actors)
Various (Director)
Fantastic Four - The Album
Audience Rating: PG-13 (Parents Strongly Cautioned)
Wind-Up (Publisher)
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Colin Trevorrow (Director) - Emily Carmichael (Writer) - Steven Spielberg (Producer)
When it comes to buying long sci fi books, there are a few things you need to keep in mind in order to get the best possible deal. The first thing you need to do is set a budget for yourself. Decide how much money you are willing to spend on a book before you start shopping. This will help you narrow down your choices and make sure you don't overspend. Keep in mind that many stores offer discounts for purchasing multiple books at once. So, if you're looking to buy more than one book, it's definitely worth checking the store's discount policy.
Another option to get the best deal on long sci fi books is to wait for sales. Major retailers will often have sales on popular titles a few times per year. By waiting for a sale, you can usually get a book at a significantly lower price than the regular retail price.
Here are a few tips to help you buy the best long sci fi books:
Look for well-reviewed long sci fi books. Checking out what other readers have said about a book can give you a good idea of whether it's worth your time. You can find reviews online or in newspapers and magazines.
Check the price. Sometimes, you can find great deals on new long sci fi books. But be careful of cheaply made books, they might not be worth your money.
By doing all of these things, you can be sure that you're getting the best possible deal on long sci fi books when you shop online.
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LVMH news and archive
LVMH Prize opens applications for 2021 edition
The LVMH Prize for Young Fashion Designers, created by the French luxury conglomerate, has launched its eighth edition, following the cancellation of last year's final due to Covid-19. The competition has opened applications for the 2021 edition and is calling on young international designers, under 40 years and have presented and sold at two...
LVMH completes the acquisition of Tiffany and Co.
Luxury conglomerate LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SE, has confirmed it has completed the acquisition of US jeweller, Tiffany and Co., and announced a new senior leadership team. In a statement, LVMH said that the acquisition of what it calls an "iconic" jeweller will "deeply transform" its watches and jewellery division and complement its 75...
ANDAM Prize adds Hermès, Kering and LVMH to board
French fashion prize ANDAM has added Hermès executive vice president Guillaume de Seynes, Kering group managing director Jean-François Palus and LVMH fashion group chairman and chief executive officer Sidney Toledano to its board of directors. The three luxury sector heavyweights join ten representatives from public and private sectors of key...
Tiffany shareholders approve LVMH offer
After months of back and forth, legal complications, stalemates, a global pandemic, Tiffany & Co.'s shareholders approved a 15.8 billion dollar deal with luxury conglomerate LVMH. At a virtual stakeholder meeting, 99 percent of votes were cast in favor of the deal where LVMH would acquire Tiffany & Co. LVMH made an offer for Tiffany & Co. at the...
LVMH adds luxury brands Fendi and Loro Piana to Andrea Guerra's responsibilities
French luxury group LVMH has expanded Andrea Guerra's role: Made CEO for hospitality excellence in February of this year, which includes the Cheval Blanc and Belmont hotels, the 55-year-old will also oversee the businesses of luxury brands Fendi and Loro Piana from January 2021. While the hospitality division will remain Guerra's focus, he is...
Billionaire retail magnates see fortunes soar during pandemic
A new report by Americans for Tax Fairness shows the collective wealth of America's 651 billionaires has soared to over 4 trillion dollars since the beginning of the pandemic. To put that into perspective, their increase in fortunes since March is greater than the 908 billion dollars of pandemic relief proposed by the U.S. government. Retail...
LVMH reportedly puts Pink Shirtmaker up for sale
British brand Pink Shirtmaker has reportedly been put up for sale by owner LVMH after demand for office wear plummeted in the past year due to the pandemic. The brand's stores, websites and social media have all been shut and LVMH is now seeking bidders for the brand, The Evening Standard reports. Potential suitors are understood to have been...
Kering Group Houses continue Covid-19 support as pandemic rages on
For all the havoc Covid-19 has caused around the world, the fashion industry pulled together to offer relief efforts, demonstrating they can be a force for good as much as change. Smaller businesses pivoted to manufacture face masks or donated a portion of profits to local communities. Others, like conglomerate Kering, provided millions of euros...
LVMH group president for China joins Cosmose board
Cosmose, the offline retail tech platform, has announced that Andrew Wu, LVMH group president for Greater China is joining its board. Wu, who has overseen more than 60 fashion and luxury brands, will bring his knowledge and experience to Cosmose, with a focus on improving its strategic development in the global luxury market, explained the tech...
Ian Rogers leaves chief digital officer role at LVMH
Ian Rogers, LVMH"s chief digital officer, will be transitioning into an advisory role at the company. The C-suite executive will be joining Ledger, a Paris-based tech start-up. He will be the company's chief experience officer. Ledger, founded in 2014, protects digital assets like cryptocurrency. Rogers will be responsible for overseeing the...
LVMH names Chris de Lapuente new CEO of Selective Retailing
LVMH has named Chris de Lapuente as the new chairman and CEO of the French luxury giant's Selective Retailing division, effective January. De Lapuente joined LVMH in 2011 as CEO of Sephora, which he led until September 2020. He currently oversees Sephora and Le Bon Marché group, as well as the perfume and cosmetics activity of the group. In his...
LVMH appoints Anne de Vergeron as CEO of Repossi
LVMH has named Anne de Vergeron as the new CEO of its jewelry brand Repossi. Vergeron, who was already a board member of the jeweler, has worked at LVMH since 2015 as group director of business development and led the French luxury conglomerate's acquisition of Repossi five years ago. Prior to joining LVMH, she spent 16 years at investment bank...


Molecular Twist Helps Regulate the Cellular Message to Make Histone Proteins
Jan. 17, 2013 — In a collaborative effort published online in the January 18, 2013 issue of the journalScience, researchers at the University of North Carolina and Columbia University show for the first time how two key proteins in messenger RNA communicate via a molecular twist to help maintain the balance of histones to DNA.
The structure of Histone mRNA stem-loop (center) with exonuclease (left) and SLBP (right). Arrow (top center) points to the twist. (Credit: Marzluff lab, UNC School of Medicine)
Histone proteins are the proteins that package DNA into chromosomes. Every time the cell replicates its DNA it must make large amounts of newly made histones to organize DNA within the nucleus.
An imbalance in the production of DNA and histones is usually lethal for the cell, which is why the levels of the messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding the histone proteins must be tightly controlled to ensure the proper amounts of histones (not too many and not too few) are made.
In a collaborative effort published online in the January 18, 2013 issue of the journal Science, researchers at the University of North Carolina and Columbia University show for the first time how two key proteins in messenger RNA communicate via a molecular twist to help maintain the balance of histones to DNA.
"This is one of the safeguards that our cells have evolved and it is part of the normal progression through cell division — all growing cells have to use this all of the time," said study co-author William F. Marzluff, PhD, Kenan Distinguished Professor of biochemistry and biophysics at UNC's School of Medicine.
Every time a cell divides, Marzluff adds, it has to replicate both DNA and histone proteins and then package them together into chromosomes. "That way, each of the two cells resulting from division has one complete set of genes."
In humans, the 23 chromosomes that house roughly 35,000 genes are made up of both DNA and histone proteins. The DNA for a histone protein is first transcribed into RNA, which then acts as a guide for building a histone protein. Because the RNA relays a message — in this case a blueprint for a histone protein, it is referred to as messenger RNA, or mRNA.
Histone mRNAs differ from all other mRNAs and end in a stem-loop [or hairpin] sequence that is required for proper regulation of histone mRNAs. In this study, the Columbia team of Liang Tong, PhD, Professor of biological sciences and the corresponding author on this project, and graduate student Dazhi Tan used crystallography to reveal the structure of two important proteins near the end of the histone mRNA stem-loop. This molecular complex is required for regulating the levels of the histone mRNA.
One of these proteins, stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) is required for translation of histone mRNA into protein, and the other is an exonuclease, which is required to destroy the mRNA. Both were initially identified at UNC by Marzluff and colleague Zbigniew Dominski, PhD, Professor of biochemistry and biophysics, also a study co-author.
"We knew there was some interaction between SLBP and the exonuclease, so we asked Liang to explain how they bind and communicate," Dominski said. "And the surprising thing was that the proteins do it not by binding to each other but by changing the RNA structure at the site."
"From the science point of view, that was the most dramatic thing," Marzluff said. "The way these proteins help each other is either one can twist the RNA so the other can recognize it easier, and they don't have to touch each other to do that."
This protein complex is a critical regulator of histone synthesis, and is an important component of cell growth, he adds. "Interfering with it could provide a new method for interfering with cancer cell growth."
Funding for the research came from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS), a component of the National Institutes of Health.
The above story is reprinted from materials provided byUniversity of North Carolina Health Care.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
D. Tan, W. F. Marzluff, Z. Dominski, L. Tong. Structure of Histone mRNA Stem-Loop, Human Stem-Loop Binding Protein, and 3'hExo Ternary Complex. Science, 2013; 339 (6117): 318 DOI: 10.1126/science.1228705
University of North Carolina Health Care (2013, January 17). Molecular twist helps regulate the cellular message to make histone proteins. ScienceDaily. Retrieved January 27, 2013, from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/01/130117142507.htm
histonemRNA


Migration and Continuation: Jewish Rohatyners Today
We dedicate this page to the memory of Howard Steinmetz ז״ל, who did so much to help his extended Rohatyn family and friends find each other, and learn about the town that was once lost to them.
The Holocaust of World War II destroyed nearly the entire Jewish population of Rohatyn and surrounding towns and villages. Post-war Soviet population exchange policies resulted in emigration or deportation of the few survivors of the Rohatyn wartime ghetto together with most remaining ethnic Poles. By 1947, only two surviving local Jews remained in the Rohatyn area, neither of them in Rohatyn itself and both living with false identity as non-Jews. Although there is no Jewish life in the town today, the Rohatyn Jewish community continues to thrive and grow abroad through descendants of the families who once called Rohatyn home, and some now return to Rohatyn to visit the heritage sites and to walk the streets of their ancestors.
Rohatyners from Europe, Israel, and North America meet in Paris (2012).
Occasional emigration from Rohatyn and the region by individual Jews and Jewish families has been ongoing since at least the 19th century, and continued through the 1930s. Some local Jews emigrated for better work and school opportunities; others to evade the devastating wars; some to find more hospitable environments in which to practice their religion; some, probably, just for the adventure. Of course, except for forced Russian deportations during World War I, most Rohatyn Jews stayed in town with their families and were content to prosper there as best they could.
Rohatyners at dinner together in Warsaw (2018).
Even before World War II, Jewish Rohatyners who chose to leave scattered near and far, wherever trains and ships could take them. Strong early Jewish national revival and Zionist youth training groups in Rohatyn in the interwar period led many local Jews to look toward British-controlled Palestine as a future home, for social and religious reasons, well before the post-war establishment of the state of Israel. Economic opportunities made the United States a popular destination; when US immigration quotas restricted incoming Jews and others based on national origin, other destinations rose in relative importance, especially Argentina, which had long had welcoming immigration policies.
Descendants on "Rohatyn Brothers Street" in Lviv (2011).
The exact number of survivors of the Shoah in Rohatyn is not known, but was probably fewer than five percent of the pre-war Jewish community in town. The percentage was even smaller when the surrounding towns and villages are included (from which all Jews were moved to the ghetto in Rohatyn in 1942-1941), as well as Jewish refugees who had fled to Rohatyn before 1941 from Nazi occupation in the west of Poland. When the Soviets pushed the German army out of Rohatyn, a few Jews who had survived in the forests for more than a year were drafted into the Red Army to serve in the closing battles of the war, and then in civil service and rebuilding work until 1946, when resettlement across the new border with Poland peaked.
A few resettled Jewish survivors from Rohatyn remained in the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity and then the Polish People's Republic, but many chose to cross into divided and occupied Germany – legally or illegally – in order to find support as refugees in the displaced person (DP) camps there, and possible opportunities to emigrate further. Most of those who sought sponsorship and permission to move to other countries eventually obtained it, though some waited for several years after the war ended before they could go.
A meeting of the RYMS in New York (no date). Image courtesy Alvin Edelstein.
Both before and after the war, Jews migrated from Rohatyn throughout Europe and to every other continent except Antarctica. The Jewish Genealogical Society of New York records at least three landsmanshaft organizations formed in the late 19th century with the goal of providing mutual aid to Rohatyn's Jewish emigrants, including burial societies to purchase and maintain sections in local cemeteries, and to benefit Jews in their origin towns, and to create social circles of Jewish people in foreign lands who had emigrated from the same places.
The RYMS 50th anniversary banquet committee (1953). Image courtesy Alvin Edelstein.
Among the organizations incorporated in New York were the "Rohatyner Young Mens Society" (RYMS), the "Independent Rohatyner Young Mens Benevolent Association" (IRYMBA), the "Chebra Tiferas Israel Anshei Rohatyn Benevolent Association", and the "First United Rohatyner and Sokolover Society". Landsmanshaft sections for burials of members' families were established and maintained at Washington Cemetery (Brooklyn), Beth Israel Cemetery (Long Island), as well as Old Montefiore Cemetery, Mount Hebron Cemetery, and Mount Zion Cemetery (all in Queens); some cemeteries had sections maintained by more than one Rohatyner society. The RYMS was large enough to have its own rabbi and small local shteibel; a ladies auxiliary was established by the IRYMBA in 1934 to recognize the participation of women in the association's benevolent work.
A gala meeting of the Knihynicze Society (1936). Image courtesy Irving Busgang.
Not only Rohatyn was represented in these groups; landsmanshaften also formed for emigrants from other towns in the area with sizable Jewish populations. Jews from Knihynicze (today Kniahynychi), 10km west of Rohatyn, formed at least two mutual aid societies before 1900, incorporating them in a variety of names and languages over the next decades. One, the "Jehuda-Arje Knihinitzer Unterstützungs Verein" and later the "First Consolidated Kinheniczer Reverend Jehuda Arje Sick and Benevolent Association", also established burial grounds in Mount Zion Cemetery, and held regular meetings in New York which were enthusiastically attended. Associations also formed to support Jewish expatriates from Brzeżany/Berezhany, Bóbrka/Bibrka, Bołszowce/Bilshivtsi, Bukaczowce/Bukachivtsi, Chodorów/Khodoriv, and Żurawno/Zhuravno; it seems the old shtetl world was nearly reproduced in the new world.
While most of these societies have since dwindled and ceased to meet, including those focused on Rohatyn, the landsmanshaft sections in New York and nearby cemeteries are still maintained by other groups or by cemetery staff. The Rohatyner Young Mens Society continued to meet at least through 2008.
Rohatyners gathered at the cemetery memorial in Kiryat Shaul (2014).
In addition to New York landsmanshaften, survivor organizations also formed in the new state of Israel after World War II. In 1949, the "Society of the Rohatyner in Israel" (Irgun Yotzei Rohatyn V'Hasviva B'Yisrael, or Israel Society of Rohatyn) was established to commemorate the victims of the Holocaust in Rohatyn and surrounding areas and to provide support to needy survivors from the region. In 1960, the Society buried sacks of earth from Rohatyn at a symbolic grave and memorial in Kiryat Shaul Cemetery in Tel Aviv, and in 1962 assembled and published the Rohatyn Yizkor Book as a memorial in written form for the lost Jewish community. The Society continued its benevolent and commemorative activities for decades. Between 1997 and 1999, Society leaders visited Rohatyn several times in order to install memorial monuments and signage at the two wartime mass graves and the two cemeteries, and to organize the rehabilitation of retaining walls and fencing at the old cemetery; the 1998 commemoration event brought Jewish survivors and descendants from Israel, America, and Europe. With the passing of nearly all Rohatyn ghetto survivors in Israel, the Israel Society has now ceased to meet.
Rohatyners meeting in Córdoba, Argentina (2010).
New awareness and study of Rohatyn's Jewish past has grown in the past decades with the rising interest in genealogy, and has been given a considerable boost by the versatility of the internet and social media. Online bulletin boards, forums, and email gave family historians improved ways to connect with each other, share text and graphic data, and reach out to others with common family origins. Jewish genealogy organizations became particularly numerous and strong; the global organization JewishGen has been operating for more than 30 years, and the regional organization Gesher Galicia for more than 25 years. These organizations and others assemble searchable databases, provide tools and guidance, and direct funds to special research projects. In addition to membership organizations which maintain data, websites, and email forums, an umbrella organization called the International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies (IAJGS) has been holding annual international conferences since the 1980s, providing family historians an opportunity to meet and learn together.
Early RDRG leaders in Los Angeles (2010).
In 2008, the Rohatyn-focused special interest group "Rohatyn District Research Group" (RDRG) was founded by Dr. Alex Feller, a Rohatyn descendant, with the support of several other descendants and interested historians he met at the IAJGS conference in Chicago that year. Building on a forum and website Alex created early the next year, the RDRG now numbers more than 350 members, many of them very active, with more contributing through family connections; the scope of the research now also includes several other towns in the Rohatyn district. The RDRG sparked an immediate revival of a landsmanshaft-like social network interested in sharing records, images, and stories from Rohatyn's Jewish community; the group's private database, plus the research and computer skills of many members have made the RDRG an essential resource for anyone with an interest in Jewish Rohatyn.
Rohatyners visiting their ancestral town (2017).
Renewed interest in Rohatyn family history has also prompted more people to make a journey to the town, some for repeat visits and even to stay overnight. Individual Jewish descendants and smaller groups have visited Rohatyn since before Ukraine's independence in 1991, and increasingly since the RDRG began. Most who travel to Rohatyn visit the Jewish heritage sites and the places where their families lived, interact with the current residents and historians of the town, and in some cases meet witnesses of the last years of the Jewish community. The ongoing history and heritage preservation project "Rohatyn Jewish Heritage" described on this website grew out of a series of such visits and meetings beginning in 2011.
Migration has spread Jewish Rohatyners all over the world, but despite long distances between them, modern communication and travel makes them better connected than ever before. In addition to virtual gatherings, descendants of Rohatyn Jewish, Polish, and Ukrainian families meet in person from time to time in Rohatyn, at genealogy conferences in North America, Europe, and Israel, and especially on occasional visits almost anywhere, like the family and neighbors they have always been. The map below shows some of the places where Jewish Rohatyners live today, and gives an instant picture of how far they have traveled over the past century and more. We know this map is incomplete; let us know if you also have a Rohatyner as a neighbor!
Here are a few additional images of Jewish and other Rohatyners meeting around the world, in photos taken by RDRG members, Rohatyn Jewish Heritage, and friends over the past decade:
Substantial sources of information on this page include research by Dr. Alex Feller, founder of the Rohatyn District Research Group (RDRG), and by Phyllis Kramer, VP of Education for JewishGen and manager of the Rohatyn Kehilalinks web page. Rohatyn Jewish Heritage thanks Alex and Phyllis for their ongoing family history research on Jewish Rohatyn and for their kind permission to use the results of their research here.


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Degree Subjects and Programs
Studying Ancient Civilizations on the Bachelor Level
The program in Ancient Civilizations introduces students to a wide range of basic knowledge in the studies of the ancient world in the introductory level (Grundstudium) and provides insight into the fundamental working techniques, methods and theories of all subject areas. At the advanced level (Aufbaustudium), this basic knowledge is expanded. In the Bachelor degree subject, students acquire in-depth knowledge as well as specific methodological and theoretical skills in one subject area, in the Bachelor degree program, in two subject areas. In this process, the shared perspective of cultural studies and the examination of methodological questions form the unifying basis of Ancient Civilizations.
Common learning objectives are: acquiring subject-specific methods and research techniques; developing overview knowledge; gaining insight into exemplary research areas and into the development of scientific questions; professional ethics; a critical reappraisal of the effects and influences of antiquity.
After completing a Bachelor's degree on this wide, interdisciplinary foundation, students can specialize in one or two Master's degree subjects in Ancient Civilizations.
Bachelor (subject)
Studies of the Ancient World
Bachelor (degree program)
Study focuses in the BA degree program and subject
The research subject of Egyptology comprises the culture and history of Ancient Egypt from the early period (4th millennium BC) to the Coptic Late Antiquity (7th century AD). The basis for this is provided by written and material evidence. Textual legacies exist in various levels of language and writing, e.g., as inscribed monuments or papyri, and may be literary, religious, or administrative in content. Material legacies include temples, tombs, settlements, as well as groups of objects such as sculptures, stelae, vessels, furniture, etc. Egyptology investigates ancient Egyptian culture through historical, archaeological, social and religious-historical, cultural-historical, art-scientific as well as literary and linguistic questions. The various research foci together aim at a broad-based approach to ancient Egyptian culture.
Basel Egyptology distinguishes itself in the fields of cultural studies and archaeology as well as linguistics and textual studies. Teaching covers the following basic areas: language and scripts (Classical Egyptian, Ancient Egyptian, Hieratic, Modern Egyptian, Demotic or Coptic), history, religion, as well as architectural and object studies of all periods. The course of study is based mainly on literature research, but also includes regular excursions to museums and, where appropriate, participation in excavations or internships. The research topics are situated in the fields of archaeology (Valley of the Kings, Theban necropolis, Deir el-Medina), religion (burial and tomb furnishings, personal piety, rituals, funerary texts), history (social history, cultural contact), writing and iconography as well as linguistics and textual studies (literature, philology and linguistics).
At the Bachelor's level, the University of Basel offers a major or a course of study in "Studies of the Ancient World", in each of which Egyptology can be chosen as a focus.
In the major, Egyptology is studied in combination with another faculty or non-faculty subject.
In the degree program, Egyptology represents one of two concentrations in Studies of the Ancient World, which means that the study program focuses entirely on content from the field of Studies of the ancient world.
The study of Ancient History aims at an extended knowledge of Greek and Roman antiquity and likewise at an understanding of the different cultures of the Mediterranean region, with a special focus on questions of political, social, economic and everyday history. Students learn to work with the subject-specific methods of historical studies, but also to use the methods of the other disciplines of studies of the ancient world to answer historical questions. In this way, the program enables students to work independently and scientifically, to find answers to historical questions, and to communicate these answers in a way that is appropriate for the target audience. The study program includes excursions to the countries of the Mediterranean region and, if necessary, participation in research projects, the conception of exhibitions and the organization of international conferences.
At the subject area of Ancient History in Basel, decided focal points have emerged that shape and enrich the course offerings in addition to the classical subject areas of Greek and Roman antiquity. A special profile feature of the subject area of Ancient History in Basel is the focus on the social, economic and religious history of Greco-Roman Egypt, which is made accessible by the countless papyrological testimonies and on which several research projects with far-reaching international cooperation are maintained at the department. Moreover, the interest in the cultural history of antiquity, which has a long tradition in Basel, also flows into the teaching of Ancient History.
In Basel, Ancient History is taught in its entire breadth. The focal points in research and teaching include:
History of Greece and Rome
History of the family; house and household in antiquity
Social, economic and religious history of Greco-Roman Egypt; papyrology
Ancient history of everyday life; ancient demography
Early Christianity; late antiquity and early Byzantine period
Emergence and distinctiveness of the polis, Athenian democracy, and Sparta
Hellenism (with special consideration of the Near East)
Constitution of the Roman Republic
History of science and historiography
Those who want to study ancient history in Basel have several options.
Ancient History is an ancient science by virtue of its object of research - Greco-Roman antiquity - but methodologically it is also a historical science. Therefore, the study of Ancient History is possible both within Studies of the Ancient World with a methodological focus in the historical field and within Historical Studies with an epochal focus in the ancient world.
At the Bachelor's level, the Faculty of Philosophy and History offers an integrated bachelor's degree program in Studies of the Ancient World in which students can choose to major in Ancient History.
Likewise, however, you can also specialize in the epoch of Greco-Roman antiquity in the bachelor's program in historical studies.
Classical archaeology focuses on the material legacy of the regions of the Mediterranean and neighboring areas shaped by Greek and Roman culture from prehistory to late antiquity. It excavates, identifies, scientifically indexes and secures their availability for future generations through restoration, archiving or museum presentation.
In addition to the formal and contextual analysis of the monuments, great importance is attached to the understanding of the ancient imagery from the viewpoint of art and cultural history. In this context, the material legacy of the Greco-Roman world is not understood as a self-contained system, but rather as part of a network that was closely interwoven with neighboring cultures in a variety of ways throughout the ages.
At the Bachelor's level, the University of Basel offers a major or a course of study in "Studies of the Ancient World", in each of which Classical Archaeology can be chosen as a concentration.
In the major, Classical Archaeology is studied in combination with another faculty or non-faculty subject.
In the program, Classical Archaeology represents one of two concentrations in Studies of the Ancient World, which means that the program focuses entirely on content from the field of Studies of the Ancient World.
In conjunction with the other disciplines of Studies of the Ancient World at the University of Basel, Latin Philology offers students a broad and well-founded knowledge of Roman antiquity. Students first acquire the basic knowledge in the BA basic studies; in the postgraduate studies with a focus on Latin Philology, they are then familiarized with the fundamentals of the subject in terms of content as well as methodology.
The subject is taught in lectures, which provide an overview of Latin literature, its content and scientific issues, as well as in proseminars and seminars, in which central topics are studied in depth and the tools and methods of scientific work are taught. This offer is supplemented by exercises which pursue different objectives: the introduction to Latin philology offers first insights into the broad field of activity and the numerous possibilities of activity of the subject; in the language and style exercises the acquisition and consolidation of the knowledge of the Latin language are in the foreground; the reading exercises offer the opportunity to practice and consolidate the skills acquired in the language exercises on longer texts; special exercises, for example on metrics, on epigraphy, on the theory of translation and much more, Finally, in the research colloquium, the focus is increasingly on higher-level methodological questions and a fruitful scholarly exchange in a friendly setting. Occasionally, excursions to Rome or Lower Italy take place, in which the literary world is compared with the reality on the ground.
The goal is mastery of the language, fluency in interpretation, knowledge of Roman ancient culture along with its modern reception.
In addition to the traditional teaching professions in high schools and universities, as well as in employment in scientific projects, the study of Latin Philology qualifies students for the same professions as other humanities studies, e.g., in journalism and publishing, or for other cultural and text-oriented jobs (media agent, copywriter, editor, translator, etc.).
Latin Philology can be studied at the BA level as a major, either as part of the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with another Bachelor's degree program subject within the Faculty of Philosophy and History or an extra-faculty subject, or as part of the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with a second major within Studies of the Ancient World (Egyptology, Ancient History, Greek Philology, Classical Archaeology, Prehistoric and Early Historic and Provincial Roman Archaeology, Natural History Archaeology).
The close connection of Greek Philology with the other disciplines of Studies of the Ancient World at the University of Basel enables students to acquire a broad basic knowledge in the BA basic studies. In the postgraduate studies with a focus on Greek Philology, students are taught a comprehensive foundation of the subject in terms of content as well as methodology. The subject is taught in lectures, where the main areas of literary history are covered, in (pro-) seminars, where scientific work on the texts is practiced, as well as in special exercises, for example on metrics, epigraphy and papyrology, and in colloquia, reading and language exercises. From time to time excursions to Lower Italy or Greece take place.
The goal is mastery of the language, fluency in interpretation, knowledge of ancient Greek culture along with its modern reception, and, last but not least, the ability to reorient oneself in contemporary discourses such as literature, theater, philosophy, politics, and the visual arts through familiarity with Greek as the "nearest foreigner."
Accordingly, in addition to traditional teaching careers in high schools and universities and in employment in scholarly projects, the study of Greek Philology qualifies students for the same professions as other humanities studies, e.g., journalism and publishing, or for other cultural and text-oriented jobs (libraries, archives, cultural management, theater, museums, private industry, and consulting).
The subject of Greek Philology can be studied at the BA level as a major, either as part of the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with another Bachelor's degree program subject within the Faculty of Philosophy and History or an extra-faculty subject, or as part of the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with a second major within Studies of the Ancient World (Egyptology, Ancient History, Classical Archaeology, Latin Philology, Prehistoric and Early Historic and Provincial Roman Archaeology, Natural History Archaeology).
Vindonissa Professorship
The main task of the Vindonissa professorship in teaching is to convey the most important aspects of provincial Roman archaeology. This is done primarily with the help of the archaeo(bio)logical primary sources, i.e. the features ("from the sewer to the rubble of destruction") and the finds ("from the amphibian bone to the brick"). Historical, epigraphic and numismatic sources are equally important.
In a five-semester cycle of lectures, the important historical events as well as the cultural, social and economic history in the northwest of the Imperium Romanum are discussed, each starting from the situation in the area of today's Switzerland.
In the exercises and (pro-)seminars we deal with selected aspects of the "Roman way of life" - whenever possible on the basis of original finds and with a concrete goal (e.g. exhibitions, publication, etc.).
In order to provide training that is as practical as possible, we regularly carry out teaching and research excavations, for example in the lower town of Augusta Raurica (2011-2013) or in the area of the late Roman fortifications in Koblenz and Möhlin (2014).
Practical training also includes conducting or assisting in geophysical and terrestrial prospections, such as in the forefield of the west gate of the legionary camp of Vindonissa (2011) or in the canton of Obwalden (2012 - 2014).
Visits to ongoing excavations as well as smaller and larger excursions provide opportunities to get to know important regions, sites and museums in Switzerland and abroad.
At the Bachelor's level, the University of Basel offers a subject "Studies of the Ancient World" or a course of study "Studies of the Ancient World" in which Provincial Roman Archaeology can be studied with a focus on Prehistory and Early History and Provincial Roman Archaeology.
At the Master's level, the University of Basel offers a subject "Prehistory and Early History and Provincial Roman Archaeology" or a program "Archaeology and Natural Sciences" in which Provincial Roman Archaeology can be studied.
Historical-Comparative Linguistics complements the course offerings of Basel Studies of the Ancient World.
The small teaching load consists of a lecture in which central linguistic topics such as etymology and phonology are treated in a diachronic perspective, a seminar that focuses on an Indo-European language, such as Sanskrit, Gothic, or the Italic languages other than Latin, and an exercise that is preferably, but not exclusively, devoted to Greek and Latin linguistics and touches on topics such as the languages of Plautus and Homer, Mycenaean Greek, or the Pompeian wall inscriptions.
Historical-Comparative Linguistics cannot be studied as a stand-alone major at the BA level, but it can be a major within the Latin Philology and/or the Greek Philology program.
These two subjects are studied either within the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with another Bachelor's degree program subject of the Faculty of Arts and Humanities or an extra-faculty subject, or within theBachelor 's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with a second concentration within Studies of the Ancient World (Egyptology, Ancient History, Greek Philology, Classical Archaeology, Latin Philology, Prehistoric and Early Historic and Provincial Roman Archaeology, Natural History Archaeology).
In each case, there is the possibility to write the qualification theses in Historical-Comparative Linguistics.
Pre- and Protohistoric and Provincial Roman Archaeology
Prehistoric and Early Historic and Provincial Roman Archaeology (PEH & PRA) deals with the history of mankind from the Stone Age to the Early Middle Ages. Prehistoric and Early Historic Archaeology (PEH) studies societies of the past that have left little or no written evidence. Provincial Roman Archaeology (PRA) is dedicated to the living conditions in the provinces of the Roman Empire.
PEH and PRA gain their knowledge primarily from archaeological sources, i.e. from material remains of settlements, tombs, sanctuaries etc.. The PRA also draws on supplementary pictorial and written sources. Taking into account research results from neighboring disciplines, partly also in interdisciplinary cooperation with them, PEH and PRA reconstruct the way of life of the people of that time and offer insight into the cultural diversity of human societies.
The subject Prehistoric and Early Historic and Provincial Roman Archaeology can be studied at the BA level as a major, either as part of the Bachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with another Bachelor's degree program subject within the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences or an extra-faculty subject, or as part of theBachelor's degree program (BDP) in Studies of the Ancient World in combination with a second major within Studies of the Ancient World (Egyptology, Ancient History, Greek Philology, Classical Archaeology, Latin Philology, Natural History Archaeology).
Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS)
Integrative Prehistory and Archaeological Science (IPAS) is a unique combination for Switzerland of research areas in the humanities and natural sciences and teaching programs in archaeology under one roof.
'Integrative' emphasizes the goal of jointly and interdisciplinarily researching and better understanding man's past from the Stone Age to the present.
The integrative approach allows, for example, detailed insights into the daily life, diet, economy, culture and environment of the inhabitants of Neolithic pile dwellings, Roman manor houses or medieval towns.
Prehistoric archaeology (prehistory) is a historical science that deals with people, their environment and their cultures in periods without or with little writing.
Natural history archaeology covers all epochs from the Paleolithic to the Early Middle Ages. Scientific methods are used to analyze the remains of human culture (e.g., stone, bone, and antler artifacts, plant remains) revealed by excavations and place them in the context of cultural, environmental, nutritional, and economic history.
Within the Bachelor's degree program and major in Studies of the Ancient World, an undergraduate major and concentration in archaeological science is offered.
Studying Ancient Civilizations on the Master Level
To be admitted to a Master's program, a first academic degree (Bachelor of Arts or equivalent) is required.
At the Master level, the subject areas of Ancient Civilizations offer either individual Master's degree subjects, which can be freely combined with each other or with another intra- or extra-faculty subject, or the Master's degree program Archaeology and Natural Sciences.
Master Degree Subjects and Programs
Master (subject)
Pre- and Protohistorical and Provincial Roman Archaeology
Master (degree program)
Archaeology and Natural Sciences
People Info
Library of Ancient Civilizations
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Shock, devastation give way to hope, optimism as players rally in wake of CWHL closure
No one – not players, not coaches, not GMs – knew the CWHL was set to announce it is ceasing operations. After the initial shock and sadness, though, there is a newfound positivity that something good can come from this.
Jared Clinton
Last weekend, Toronto Furies GM Sami Jo Small found herself in a room with the rest of her CWHL counterparts for the annual GM meeting. It was standard fare, Small said, as she and her fellow GMs discussed improvements that could be made in the off-season, what they would like to see happen in upcoming campaigns and touched on best practices moving forward.
However, despite members of the league office being present, what was never broached was the possibility that the 2019 Clarkson Cup would be the last, that the league was on the brink of shutting its doors or that the entire operation was mere days away from being deemed "economically unsustainable," as the CWHL put it Sunday when it announced that the league will be ceasing operation on May 1.
"It never came up," Small said. "This was never part of the conversation."
Suffice it to say, Small was blindsided Sunday morning when she was informed on a conference call that the plug was about to be pulled on the CWHL. She wasn't alone. No one had any inkling this was coming; not the players, not the coaches, not the management. Speaking on behalf of the players during the conference call, Markham Thunder goaltender and CWHL Players Association co-chair Liz Knox expressed incredible disappointment, not just at the closure, but at the fact the players hadn't been informed sooner or told that the league was in danger.
"I think that's something that we reiterate on a team level," Small added. "Had we known this was coming down the pipeline, we could have been part of the solution and maybe tried to help along the way. I feel like a lot of this has happened without us knowing."
But now it's too late. The time has passed for the players, the GMs, the coaches or even the fans to step up and save the CWHL from its demise. All that's left are questions. Of those, the million-dollar question is what's next? Small said that the league "sounded optimistic" that something else was coming, but nothing was specified. There has been talk of the shutdown being the impetus for one league. Others yet have posited that the NWHL might be able to put down roots in Toronto or Montreal. But the reality is that no one knows.
What we do know, though, is that the players aren't accepting the loss of the league lying down. Said Dakota Woodworth, a CWHL Players Association representative who just finished her second season with the Clarkson Cup-winning Calgary Inferno, the heartbreak hasn't entirely subsided. The shock and devastation still remains. "But what came after that was this really, pretty incredible uniting of players and staff all across the league," Woodworth said. "That was really inspiring to see, that in the face of this horrible thing that we had just found out hours earlier, we're already immediately working on a plan and working on what we can do to solve this problem."
With that has come a sense of hope and optimism, the beginning of which could be felt not long after the CWHL's announcement when Small pointed to the fall of the original NWHL in 2007. At the time, without a place to play, Small and several others, including Jennifer Botterill, Lisa-Marie Breton and Kathleen Kauth, banded together to help form the CWHL. That wasn't lost on Small. "Twelve years ago this happened to us and we were able to create this amazing league," she said. "So maybe this is just another chapter and another big stepping stone towards bigger and greater things."
It's with the help of people such as Small that the current players can figure out their future. Woodworth called her an incredible resource, noting that others such as Inferno GM Kristen Hagg, who just beginning her professional career when the CWHL was formed, can likewise provide invaluable counsel, guidance and support as the players spearhead an effort to find their next place to play.
The reasons for optimism go beyond the support system in place and the attitude of those involved, though. One of the most significant, Woodworth said, is the momentum behind the game. Throughout North America, professional women's hockey has gathered steam over the past few years, and the CWHL and current iteration of the NWHL had great successes this season. The Clarkson Cup drew record viewership. The expansion Minnesota Whitecaps, who won the NWHL's Isobel Cup, sold out their building and turned a profit this season. The iron is hot, and this could be as good a chance as any to strike. "It's a good time to capitalize on the exposure we're getting, the exposure that we've had all year," Woodworth said. "Well, there's no good time, but it's definitely a better time. People are more ready and willing to step up and help now than maybe they were 10 years ago."
That's why Woodworth and her fellow players are choosing to have faith that something good can from this. As Woodworth put it, there is a hunger for the women's professional hockey in Calgary, Toronto and Montreal, a passion for it across Canada and too many good people involved in the game for the CWHL's closure to be where this story ends. And when she speaks about what comes next, it's with positivity.
"This opportunity that we have now is really unique," Woodworth said. "But we want to make sure that we're together going forward. We want to take a step forward and not fall into the same situation that we were in before. We think we can create really big change now, and that's what we're going to try to do."
cwhlwomen's hockey


By Phil Shapiro, PCWorld | PT
Readers point of view on latest tech news.
My NetZero Experiences, Part 1
As part of my job at the Takoma Park Maryland Library, I teach a beginners computer class for seniors who use the library's public computers. Some of the seniors do not have a computer at home. When I can, I find them a donated computer that they can use for basic word processing and Internet browsing; later, as their skills increase, they can decide whether to buy a new computer. It doesn't make sense for them to buy a new computer while they are still learning the basics.
Two months ago I delivered a donated Windows 2000, Pentium III computer to an 87-year-old woman in my class. I suggested that she start off with dial-up Internet, as she might not use DSL or cable-modem service all that much. This computer had OpenOffice and Firefox installed, so she had all the tools she would need to do word processing and surf the Web.
I set up a NetZero account on her computer. This dial-up Internet service costs $10 a month. She started using it mostly to check e-mail from family and friends and to play some fun games on the Web, such as TextTwist and Mahjong.
All was well until the hard drive failed. I found another Windows 2000 computer for her and tried installing NetZero on it. For some reason the software would not install, so I called NetZero's tech support. The support line charges $1.95 per minute--roughly $120 an hour. After about 10 minutes of troubleshooting, the nice tech support rep suggested that the NetZero software we were using might be defective and that we should find another NetZero CD. That suggestion was not quite worth $20. I had the NetZero software downloaded to my flash drive--and that wouldn't install either.
Instead I found a first-generation PowerMac G4 and installed the Mac version of NetZero on that. The computer has ample memory, but the Web surfing is much slower than with NetZero on Windows.
I'll be switching the Mac for a donated Windows XP, Pentium IV computer next week. I'm expecting that the NetZero software will install and work well on it. I guess I might have been pushing my luck a bit trying to use a Windows 2000 computer in 2009.
All in all, my experiences with NetZero have not been that bad. I do fault the company for its tech support price gouging, though. Who in their right mind is going to pay $120 an hour for tech support? For a dial-up Internet service? Come on.
One last thing: Considering how infrequently my student uses NetZero, the $10-per-month fee almost seems too much for her to pay. What would be really great is if NetZero were to have an arrangement with public libraries (or nonprofit organizations) to offer dial-up service to 50 people for $150 per month. Each person chips in $3 a month and gets a dial-up account that they share with 5 or 10 other people. The shared dial-up accounts would allot the users 2 hours per day. Occasionally people would be unable to log on when someone else in their shared group was online.
Imagine that you're unemployed and you need Internet access to stay in touch with people and do some basic job hunting from home. Sparing $3 per month is much more doable than forking over $10 per month. Yes, dial-up Internet is slow, but it's perfectly adequate for perusing job announcements on Craigslist.
Some people believe that everyone needs to get online with a fast Internet connection these days. But certain users might have good reasons to continue on dial-up--if providers can figure out creative ways to keep the monthly charges as affordable as possible. And dial-up in 2009 is not as slow as dial-up was in 1995; computers and browsers are faster.
Phil Shapiro
The blogger is an educator and technology commentator in the Washington DC-area. He can reached at: philshapiroblogger@gmail.com