Bethan O'Brien tent death: Carbon monoxide suspected
A "kind and sweet" woman has died at a Devon campsite after suffering suspected carbon monoxide poisoning.
Bethan O'Brien, 20, from Andover in Hampshire, was on a surfing trip in Braunton when her friends found her unconscious in their tent on Sunday.
Paramedics tried to revive her but she died at the scene. Her two friends were taken to hospital to be checked over.
South Western Ambulance Service said initial reports suggested carbon monoxide poisoning could be a factor.
A spokeswoman for Devon and Cornwall Police said officers were not treating the death as suspicious but would not reveal whether the group had been cooking in the tent prior to feeling unwell.
A post-mortem examination is due to be carried out.
Tributes to Ms O'Brien have been posted on social networking sites, with friends describing her as a "sweet" and "lovely person".
Graham Mckenzie wrote: "In serious shock as I'm sure most people are.
"One of the nicest girls I have ever met, 20 is far too young."
Another friend, Simon Renfrey added: "Such a shock. So sad to find out one of the nicest and kindest people you'll ever meet has gone so young."


SPECIAL REPORT - New dimension: SpearUAV unveils 'capsuled' Ninox UAS
DARPA CubeSat experiment may support future Space Force initiatives
Malaysia mulls contract termination option for littoral combat ship programme
by Ridzwan Rahmat
Malaysia's first-of-class littoral combat ship, seen here at its ceremonial launch in 2017. (Royal Malaysian Navy)
The Malaysian government is considering several options with regards to the country's troubled littoral combat ship (LCS) programme including a contract termination with the shipbuilder, state-affiliated Boustead Naval Shipyard (BNS).
The matter was revealed by the country's minister for defence, Ismail Sabri Yaakob, during a parliamentary session on 3 August. He was responding to questions from two members of parliament who asked for the status of the warship programme.
Putrajaya selected a design variant of the Gowind family of corvettes from French shipbuilder Naval Group (then DCNS) for the LCS programme, and in December 2011 awarded BNS a MYR9.13 billion (USD2.1 billion) contract to build six vessels.
"According to the original plans, two of the six ships should have already been delivered at this point," said Ismail in his response.
"However as of 31 July none have been delivered, and the overall progress of the project is currently at 56.67%, as compared to the original plan of 85.7%. This is a lag of 29.06% or 31.1 months," he added.
Ismail revealed further that the programme's first-of-class is currently 59.79% complete, while the second ship is 48.09% complete. Meanwhile, the third, fourth, and fifth vessels are 43.75%, 36.49%, and 20% complete respectively. Work on the sixth vessel has yet to begin, said the minister.
"With regards to the lateness, MINDEF will seek late payment fees from Boustead as provided for in contract clauses," said Ismail, without elaborating further on the amount. He explained that moving forward, three options will be presented to the cabinet as part of efforts to salvage the contract.
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Contract cancellations Contract progress Frigates Malaysia Sea platforms
https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/malaysia-mulls-contract-termination-option-for-littoral-combat-ship-programme
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Anger over plan to add houses but skimp on infrastructure in Limerick area vulnerable to floods
Nick Rabbitts
nick@limerickleader.ie
Cllr James Collins with John Morgan, resident, Joe Pond, former councillor, John Joe Fitzpatrick, Pat Moloney, Valerie Hill and Catriona Kelleher, Montpelier residents - Picture: Adrian Butler
LIMERICK Council is planning to build 12 new homes near a small patch of land which flooded 10 years ago this week.
The local authority is seeking to put the new social houses alongside the 16 existing units in Brookhaven, Montpelier.
And, in a move which has enraged residents, little to no new infrastructure is proposed for sewage, despite an independent report saying the current system is "not fit for purpose".
The residents now fear a repeat of the flooding which engulfed homes in the area in November 2009, should this proposal get the go-ahead.
In proposals described as "bizarre" by metropolitan district leader James Collins, the council is seeking permission to construct the houses on a field right next to the River Shannon.
The existing houses are served by a 41-year-old tank, which already pumps waste water into a part of the Shannon, where rowing clubs, and swimmers go regularly.
In summer, locals complain of a foul odour emanating from the tank, while in winter they are left in fear of flooding.
Now, these proposed new homes have brought the matter to a head.
One resident Pat Moloney said: "The tank here is just about borderline enough to deal with the 16 houses that are here. It's just about adequate. But it's in no way adequate to take in new houses. It was set up as septic. But between the flooding, we had serious issues, as a valve was meant to stop the river coming up to us did not work."
Read also: Questions remain over make-up of accommodation at important county Limerick village site
He said the residents have "no issue" with the new houses coming in - but only once new infrastructure is in place.
"We'd only be delighted to see them go in. But we are very concerned that tank, according to a licence issued in 2012, is at capacity. I cannot understand how Irish Water gave Limerick Council permission to tap in 12 new houses," he said.
As a result of their concerns, the residents engaged Dr Eugene Bolton, of Trinity Green environmental consultants to carry out a report in the area.
He said it is "incomprehensible" that any type of treatment plant, septic tank or holding tank be located in this area.
"There should be major concerns about discharging [waste] into a river immediately upgradient of the boat mooring point. This boat mooring point is less than 100m downstream of the discharge point and is used by the Dragon Boat project where cancer patients and women in remission board the boats.
"It's possible that some users of this facility may not be in good health and should not be exposed to contaminated waters," the report states.
Dr Bolton warned under the council's proposal, the level of pollution "will more than double".
"This is because the tank becomes even less capable of achieving anything approaching an acceptable level of treatment. The higher the level of flow, the lower the retention and therefore the poorer will be the level of treatment," the consultant added.
The existing plant, he added, is "not fit for purpose".
""It's a risk to public health and a source of environmental pollution," he said.
Despite this, there are fears council will try and push ahead with this plan. However, since it's a public project, local councillors will be able to veto the proposal.
Cllr Collins is urging them to do just this.
Former Fianna Fail councillor Joe Pond described the current treatment plant as "antiquated".
"At the end of the day, even if Limerick Council don't go ahead with this plan, something has to be done with the tank. I would hope our public representatives will come together, engage with Irish Water and get the system upgraded," he said.
Cllr Collins added: "For council to put a plan in place to build new houses, which are badly needed, but not to have adequate infrastructure in place without polluting the local environment is unacceptable."
He said this, and some of the council's other ideas for areas to build social housing are "bizarre".
"If a private developer came in with a planning application like what the council is proposing themselves, they probably wouldn't get in the door," he added.
In response, a spokesperson for the local authority stressed the area for the houses is not in a "flood zone".
"As part of the overall development, specific works have been included that will alleviate the current flooding issue experienced by residents at Brookhaven. These works include the installation of a water catchment system at the entrance to Brookhaven and two permanent storm water pumps to protect both the existing houses and the access road," they said.
They confirmed Irish Water has been requested to upgrade the existing sewerage system.
"Discussions with Irish Water will continue throughout the progress of this housing development," the spokesperson added.


Memoir of the Late Hannah Kilham
Por Hannah Kilham
61. "I have longed that the hope expressed by T. Clarkson in his Illustrations of Peace, That human animosities are not to be eternal,' might be more freely spread among the people, and that this and other exemplifications of the principles of peace might be generally circulated in tracts. Peace, not merely as a political advantage, but as a Christian principle arising from love to God and man.
62. "I believe it would be well on the eve of the Sabbath, or after a meeting, to ask, How have my thoughts and feelings been engaged ? Have I been bowed in spirit before the Most High, supplicating for ability and help from His heavenly power, and seeking to worship Him in spirit and in truth?
63. "It would be well to recommend to the dispersers of religious tracts, to read with attention those of the deeper class, and have their own minds thus imbued with the important truths to which they would call the attention of others.
64. " As we hare the highest authority for singing on some occasions, I cannot by any means consider it as in itself a condemnable practice, but only in its abuses, -only in its being connected with the profes. sion of unfelt experience, and often with a most unholy and unbarinonious state of mind.
65. " There are four points of importance in conducting a school on the Lancasterian system :
" Ist, That the governess be at liberty for the general care of the school, and avoid being so much engrossed by attention to individual children as to be prevented attending to the order of the whole.
"2nd, To keep up a constant oversight of the monitors, and to see that they attend well to their classes,
" 3rd, To have needles, thread, and everything wanted by monitors for the children, prepared beforehand, so as to avoid having the children unsettled for want of employment.
"4th, Quietly to watch against, and repress the beginnings of unsettlement among the children, and
endeavour to support in all departments, both with monitors and children, a wakeful attention to duty.
" There is a healthful, strengthening, and salutary feeling in order, -order as to occupation, and the timing and placing of things that makes way for much that is good, although it is not everything in itself. There is a possibility of over-estimating these arrangements, and substituting attention to them in the place of a watchful oversight of the whole mind and conduct."
A.–Page 255.
The following account of the illness, death, and character of John Thompson is written by Hannah Kilham, in a letter to a friend :
"Our dear friend John Thompson, on hearing of his sister's view of going to Africa to unite in the proposed establishment for native instruction, expressed a wish to accompany her, if it should meet the approbation of the African Instruction Committee ; but they, feeling the responsibility that must attach to such an engagement, and the risk of life and health connected with it, wished hiin to endeavour to feel deeply for himself whether it appeared to be a requiring of duty, since, in their apprehension, nothing short of this could authorize any individual to enter as an agent into the present concern, so far as to go out. Finding the subject thus cast upon himself, he was brought into close conflict of mind; and, after some days' consideration, he felt best satisfied to repeat his proposal to go to Africa. He told his sister it appeared probable to him that he might never return; yet, even with this view, he thought it best to offer himself to go, and that it could be of little moment in what place life was resigned. After this, his mind appeared relieved and cheerful: he made his final offer to the Committee, and it was accepted. At the end of the
following week we set sail for Africa. During the storm which we had to encounter in the early part of the passage, it was consoling to me to see my dear friend so firm and quiet annid so much danger.
• Soon after our arrival in Africa, some of our company were invited to the burial of Sister Adele, one of the French nuns, who had devoted themselves to a residence in the Hospital of St. Mary, as attendants on the sick; and shortly after to the burial of Bowdick, to whom we had been introduced the day after our landing, as having recently arrived in the Gambia in the pursuance of his African researches. In a very few weeks from the time of our landing, Captain Smith, with whom we came out from England, died also ; and the medical officer who had served the island of St. Mary's during the late rains, was then taken sick, and now evidently sinking under a fixed decline. These frequent mementos of mortality were very impressive to his mind ; indeed, he seldom spoke of our prospect of returning home without some conditional expression that showed he felt its uncertainty.
" His conduct in all companies evinced a principle upright and sincere : his society was interesting, his remarks evincing clearness and solidity of judgment, and an integrity of mind that were truly valuable, his dispositions were affectionate and susceptible, and he excelled in those every-day kindnesses which so much contribute to the comfort and enjoyment of life.
"He applied with great industry and fidelity to the appointment he had engaged in, in commencing the agricultural department, and in the care of two boys whom, since our arrival in Africa, we had received into the family, with the view of their being trained as native teachers : he was much impressed with the importance of training such in habits of industry, combined with school instruction, and with such religious instruction as they might be capable of receiving. He much wished that they should not be indulged
in languid, dependent habits, or in a vain estimate of the importance they might acquire in the eyes of their countrymen, or be led to rest in any outward form, as supposing it to constitute the reality of religion ; and he wished them to be impressed with the conviction that neither a profession of religion nor any outward performance could be of any avail, unless the heart were imbued with religious feeling, and the conduct governed by pure and upright principles.
" The industry and ingenuity of our dear friend were exercised in a variety of ways to render our abode at the Cape comfortable and agreeable. He had contrived means to provide for the disadvantages of our being so distant from the well, and having, indeed, no springs of water on the ground which was occupied.
6. The counteraction of some difficulties in our new settlement, together with the introduction of the plough in a district in which cattle had never yet been taught to labour, could not be brought about without considerable fatigue. " When I was about to visit Sierra-Leone, he
proposed to accompany me. On one occasion, when there, he remarked that it was a matter of comparațive little moment in what place or country a man might take up his abode, during the short time he had to remain in this world, and then added quickly,
I mean short in comparison of a state of future existence ;' yet though thoughtful he was not sad.
"On the 24th of 7th mo. we embarked, all apparently in good health. Ann Thompson said, when we were together upon deck, that she thought our friends might be cheered in seeing us come home so well; that she herself had been better in Africa than in Ireland, and that she never saw her brother look better than at present ; she thought he was returning home as well as when he left. I do not know what were his own thoughts at that moment, but the last
passage in his journal, written a few days before he left, expressed that, although he was looking towards home, and the enjoyment of again meeting with his family and friends, he could not but feel the uncertainty of the prospect, considering the uncertainty of time, and the wide expanse of waters which lay between them.'
" The first night after we had embarked, finding limself greatly affected by the heat of the cabin, he went upon deck at about two in the morning, and slept there for several hours; he was struck with cold, and came down in the morning complaining of the chill, and pain in his limbs. In the evening he was better. The next morning he was still indisposed, and took some medicine. In a few days decided marks of fever appeared : the medicine he took seemed to answer the purpose for the time, but the fever returned from day to day, and was not subdued. We had no medical officer on board ; but our dear friend had the kind care of the captain, William Waterman, and others. The fever was of an inflammatory kind, and the symptoms, though decided, were not complicated. The mind of J. Thompson was evidently impressed with a sense of the critical nature of his disorder, and very susceptible and tender. Sometimes he would ask his sister or me to read the Bible to him.
"I could not doubt that it would be well with him, if called away in this sickness; yet sometimes, when alone, and contemplating the prospect of a separation whilst on the great deep, the view was to nature very awful, and almost apalling. Still was my heart sensible that the Most High, who is infinite in wisdom, in knowledge, and in goodness, often carries forward His designs of mercy by means which we cannot fathom, and that He alone can be · His own interpreter.' In speaking to J. Thompson on this subject, he assented with sweetness and feeling to the expression of a belief that our deepest afflictions are


17.12.2004 Politics
BA Regional House of Chiefs congratulates President
Sunyani Dec 17, GNA- The Brong Ahafo Regional House of Chiefs, has congratulated President John Agyekum Kufuor on his re-election for another four- year term.
A statement issued in Sunyani by the President of the House, Nana Okatakyie Agyeman Kudom IV Nkoranzahene, also congratulated Professor John Evans Atta Mills, the Presidential Candidate of the National Democratic congress, Dr Edward Mahama, of the Grand Coalition and Mr. George Aggudey of the Convention People's Party for conceding defeat in the interest of peace.
It said the House was appreciative of the professional manner the Electoral Commission, the security agencies; the judiciary and the media played conducted themselves in ensuring free, fair and peaceful election.
"We hope the New Patriotic Party will maintain the cordial relationship between the chiefs and people of the Region and continue the development projects already initiated to make Positive Change Chapter Two a success".


1992 Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
Red Bordeaux Blend
Drink between 1997 - 2011 (Edit)
CT90 6 reviews
Most Recent First Most Recent Last Highest Score First Highest Score Last Most Comments Fewest Comments Most Helpful Votes Fewest Helpful Votes
Zweder wrote: 89 points
December 19, 2017 - Monthly Tuesday group "The Dead Sparrow" #024 Pauillac (By JS): Reading back my note from 2011, this is a pleasant surprise. The bouquet is pleasantly stinky, with stable smells, brush wood, earth and even some graphite. On the palate juicy dark berries, red fruit acidity, some green impressions and also vanilla. A light bodied wine with still good acidity. Still gives pleasure :-)
rmcnees Likes this wine: 91 points
February 28, 2015 - OTBN 2015 - mini vertical of the 91, 92 and 97 vintages.
All three exhibited classic Pichon terroir characteristics - full elegant floral, dark blackberry and raspberry fruits, earthy leather and tobacco / tea leaf notes, while each showed vintage effects from the three disparate vintages.
Consistent with earlier tasting five years ago, the '91 vintage initially showed greater complexity, bigger floral, more concentrated fruit, and the most sophistication and balance of the three vintages. The next day, the '92 and '91 seemed to trade places, overtaking the 91 with greater concentration, structure and backbone, however the '91 retained the most polish and greatest balance.
Pichon's tend to be long lived and hang on much longer than one might expect, so don't rush to clear this out just yet.
http://unwindwine.blogspot.com/2015/02/bordeaux-anchors-otbn-2015.html
julius111 wrote: 89 points
April 8, 2012 - Still oaky and a bit earthy. Lost most of its strength over time.
Zweder wrote:
December 14, 2011 - Monthly Tasting Group HWS #064; Bordeaux; Pauillac (By RvD): At first the bouquet is not really expressive, but after a while it shows earth, roses, cigar box, tobacco, leather and graphite. On the palate quite tertiary with earth, oak, some dried plums and still fresh acidity and a touch of sweetness. The tannin is completely melted. Light bodied. The bouquet is without any doubt the best part of this wine. This wine is about 8 years past its prime, but certainly still drinkable, especially for those who like their wines really mature. I will not score it.
Radboy wrote: 91 points
June 29, 2010 - Nice older Bordeaux. Lovely nose with soft tannins and gentle, but not rich, fruits of cherries and cranberry. Nice but not memorable.
1 - 5 of 6 More notes
Type Red
Producer Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
Varietal Red Bordeaux Blend
Designation n/a
Region Bordeaux
SubRegion Médoc
Appellation Pauillac
UPC Codes 000004036760, 080732138011, 714153023150
In Cellars 187 (62%)
Consumed 115 (38%)
100% Like It 2 votes
ProducerChâteau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
VarietyRed Bordeaux Blend
CountryFrance
RegionBordeaux
SubRegionMédoc
AppellationPauillac
Other vintages for this wine 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 1950 1949 1948 1947 1946 1945 1943 1942 1940 1939 1938 1937 1936 1934 1933 1931 1930 1929 1928 1926 1925 1924 1923 1922 1921 1920 1919 1918 1917 1916 1914 1913 1912 1908 1906 1905 1900 1893 1875 1874 1870 N.V.
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About Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
Wine1992 Château Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande (add)
FamilyChâteau Pichon Longueville Comtesse de Lalande (add)
VarietalRed Bordeaux Blend


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U.D.O.: Video Interview From Serbia's EXIT Festival Posted Online
An interview with U.D.O. members Udo Dirkschneider (vocals; ex-ACCEPT) and Fitty Wienhold (bass) conducted on July 14, 2007 at the Exit festival in Novi Sad, Serbia by Thea (Teodora Bahun) of the TV show "Demo_NS" on RTV Panonija has been posted on YouTube. The six-minute clip, which includes footage of the band's performance at the festival, can be viewed below.
According to a posting on U.D.O.'s web site, fans who attend the German group's concerts will now have achance to purchase a recording of each show immediately following the completion of the gig on a 1 GB USB stick (photo) with a U.D.O. logo printed on it.
U.D.O. will release its "best-of" album, "Metallized - 20 Years of Metal", on November 30 via AFM Records. The CD booklet will be filled with photos from the last 20 years and and will include liner notes written by Metal Hammer journalist Andreas Schöwe. The first 12 songs on the collection were chosen by fans via the official U.D.O. web site, while tracks 13 to 16 will consist of two unreleased songs, an acoustic version of the ACCEPT classic "Balls to the Wall", and a live version of "The Bullet and the Bomb".
U.D.O.'s new album, "Mastercutor", entered the German Media Control chart at position No. 39 — the highest German chart position in the band's history.
"Mastercutor" was released on May 18 via AFM Records. Several extra songs were recorded for the CD, with different territories getting their own bonus cuts. The Japanese edition of the CD comes with the track "Man a King Ruler", the Russian album includes "Platchet Soldat", and both feature the song "Streets of Sin". The European limited-edition version of "Mastercutor" includes the songs "Borderline" and "Screaming Eagles".
IRON MAIDEN's NICKO MCBRAIN On NEIL PEART's Death: 'The Drumming Community Has Lost A True Diplomat For The Instrument'


The Color of Compromise
Taught by Jemar Tisby
The Color of Compromise online course reveals the chilling connection between the church and racism throughout American history. Units explore ways Christians have reinforced theories of racial superiority and inferiority, and outline the kind of bold action needed to forge a future of equity and justice.
In August of 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. delivered his famous "I Have a Dream" speech, calling on all Americans to view others not by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. Yet King included another powerful word, one that is often overlooked. Warning against the "tranquilizing drug of gradualism," King emphasized the fierce urgency of now, the need to resist the status quo and take immediate action.
King's call to action, first issued over fifty years ago, is relevant for the church in America today. Churches remain racially segregated and are largely ineffective in addressing complex racial challenges. In The Color of Compromise online course, Jemar Tisby takes us back to the root of this injustice in the American church, highlighting the cultural and institutional tables we have to flip in order to bring about progress between black and white people.
Tisby provides a unique survey of American Christianity's racial past, revealing the concrete and chilling ways people of faith have worked against racial justice. Understanding our racial history sets the stage for solutions, but until we understand the depth of the malady we won't fully embrace the aggressive treatment it requires. Given the centuries of Christian compromise with bigotry, believers today must be prepared to tear down old structures and build up new ones. This course provides an in-depth diagnosis for a racially divided American church and suggests ways to foster a more equitable and inclusive environment among God's people.
By completing this course, you'll gain:
Foundational knowledge about the roots of racism in the American church
Insight into how people of the faith have both worked for and against racial justice, as well as how the silence of moderates contributed to a culture of complicity
Ideas to move forward and foster more justice and equality within the American church
Confidence in your growing knowledge through personalized review sessions and unit assessments
MDiv., Reformed Theological Seminary
Jemar Tisby is president of The Witness: A Black Christian Collective where he writes about race, religion, politics, and culture. He is also cohost of the Pass The Mic podcast. He speaks nationwide at conferences, and his writing has been featured by the New York Times, the Atlantic, and CNN. Jemar is a PhD candidate in history at the University of Mississippi, focusing on race, religion, and social movements in the twentieth century.
Making Race in the Colonial Era
Understanding Liberty in the Age of Revolution and Revival
Institutionalizing Race in the Antebellum Era
Defending Slavery at the Onset of the Civil War
Reconstructing White Supremacy in the Jim Crow Era
Remembering the Complicity in the North
Compromising with Racism during the Civil Rights Movement
Organizing the Religious Right at the End of the Twentieth Century
Reconsidering Racial Reconciliation in the Age of Black Lives Matter
Cultural Apologetics
17 Units, Self-paced, Paul M. Gould
The New Testament in Its World
37 Units, Self-paced, N. T. Wright, Michael F. Bird
America's Religious History
16 Units, Self-paced, Thomas S. Kidd


Age: 35 • Attacking midfielder - Central
Attacking midfielder - Central
Fabregas Detailed Stats
Cesc Fabregas has played less than 30% of the games in the league. We only show records for players who played more than 30% of the team played time.
How many goals did Cesc Fabregas score this season?
He has scored 0 times after 0 match days in the season 2022/2023. This makes him the number 0 scorer in the so far. His conversion rate for shots to goals is 0.
How many assists does Cesc Fabregas have this season?
Cesc Fabregas has 0 assists after 0 match days in the season 2022/2023. With these statistics he ranks number 0 in the . He also has a total of 0 chances created. With these statistics he ranks number 0 in the .
How are Cesc Fabregas's defensive skills?
In season 2022/2023. He has won 0 aerial duels and 0 tackles. On top of this he made a total of 0 blocks. Based on these statistics after match day 0 he ranks on number 0 in the .
What position does Cesc Fabregas play?
He is a Attacking midfielder - Central in . Within his team of he is currently ranked 0 best player of his team based on our 1vs1 Index .


Bundled applications
Extensibility
Server arrangements
Ports to other languages
CMSs based on Django Framework
Django (web framework)
Original author(s)
Adrian Holovaty, Simon Willison
Django Software Foundation[1]
21 July 2005; 16 years ago (2005-07-21)[2]
Stable release
4.0.1[3] / 4 January 2022; 14 days ago (4 January 2022)
github.com/django/django
Written in
Python[1]
8.9 MB[4]
Web framework[1]
3-clause BSD[5]
www.djangoproject.com
Django (/ˈdʒæŋɡoʊ/ JANG-goh; sometimes stylized as django)[6] is a Python-based free and open-source web framework that follows the model–template–views (MTV) architectural pattern.[7][8] It is maintained by the Django Software Foundation (DSF), an independent organization established in the US as a 501(c)(3) non-profit.
Django's primary goal is to ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites. The framework emphasizes reusability and "pluggability" of components, less code, low coupling, rapid development, and the principle of don't repeat yourself.[9] Python is used throughout, even for settings, files, and data models. Django also provides an optional administrative create, read, update and delete interface that is generated dynamically through introspection and configured via admin models.
Some well-known sites that use Django include Instagram,[10] Mozilla,[11] Disqus,[12] Bitbucket,[13] Nextdoor[14] and Clubhouse.[15]
Django was created in the fall of 2003, when the web programmers at the Lawrence Journal-World newspaper, Adrian Holovaty and Simon Willison, began using Python to build applications. Jacob Kaplan-Moss was hired early in Django's development shortly before Simon Willison's internship ended.[16] It was released publicly under a BSD license in July 2005. The framework was named after guitarist Django Reinhardt.[17] Adrian Holovaty is a Romani jazz guitar player and a big fan of Django Reinhardt.
In June 2008, it was announced that a newly formed Django Software Foundation (DSF) would maintain Django in the future.[18]
Screenshot of the Django admin interface for modifying a user account
Despite having its own nomenclature, such as naming the callable objects generating the HTTP responses "views",[7] the core Django framework can be seen as an MVC architecture.[8] It consists of an object-relational mapper (ORM) that mediates between data models (defined as Python classes) and a relational database ("Model"), a system for processing HTTP requests with a web templating system ("View"), and a regular-expression-based URL dispatcher ("Controller").
Also included in the core framework are:
a lightweight and standalone web server for development and testing
a form serialization and validation system that can translate between HTML forms and values suitable for storage in the database
a template system that utilizes the concept of inheritance borrowed from object-oriented programming
a caching framework that can use any of several cache methods
support for middleware classes that can intervene at various stages of request processing and carry out custom functions
an internal dispatcher system that allows components of an application to communicate events to each other via pre-defined signals
an internationalization system, including translations of Django's own components into a variety of languages
a serialization system that can produce and read XML and/or JSON representations of Django model instances
a system for extending the capabilities of the template engine
an interface to Python's built-in unit test framework
The main Django distribution also bundles a number of applications in its "contrib" package, including:
an extensible authentication system
the dynamic administrative interface
tools for generating RSS and Atom syndication feeds
a "Sites" framework that allows one Django installation to run multiple websites, each with their own content and applications
tools for generating Google Sitemaps
built-in mitigation for cross-site request forgery, cross-site scripting, SQL injection, password cracking and other typical web attacks, most of them turned on by default[19][20]
a framework for creating GIS applications
Django's configuration system allows third party code to be plugged into a regular project, provided that it follows the reusable app[21] conventions. More than 2500 packages[22] are available to extend the framework's original behavior, providing solutions to issues the original tool didn't tackle: registration, search, API provision and consumption, CMS, etc.
This extensibility is, however, mitigated by internal components' dependencies. While the Django philosophy implies loose coupling,[23] the template filters and tags assume one engine implementation, and both the auth and admin bundled applications require the use of the internal ORM. None of these filters or bundled apps are mandatory to run a Django project, but reusable apps tend to depend on them, encouraging developers to keep using the official stack in order to benefit fully from the apps ecosystem.
Django can be run in conjunction with Apache, Nginx using WSGI, Gunicorn, or Cherokee using flup (a Python module).[24][25] Django also includes the ability to launch a FastCGI server, enabling use behind any web server which supports FastCGI, such as Lighttpd or Hiawatha. It is also possible to use other WSGI-compliant web servers.[26] Django officially supports five database backends: PostgreSQL, MySQL, MariaDB, SQLite, and Oracle. Microsoft SQL Server can be used with django-mssql while similarly external backends exist for IBM Db2,[27] SQL Anywhere[28] and Firebird.[29] There is a fork named django-nonrel, which supports NoSQL databases, such as MongoDB and Google App Engine's Datastore.[30]
Django may also be run in conjunction with Jython on any Java EE application server such as GlassFish or JBoss. In this case django-jython must be installed in order to provide JDBC drivers for database connectivity, which also can provide functionality to compile Django in to a .war suitable for deployment.[31]
Google App Engine includes support for Django version 1.x.x[32] as one of the bundled frameworks.
The Django team will occasionally designate certain releases to be "long-term support" (LTS) releases.[33] LTS releases will get security and data loss fixes applied for a guaranteed period of time, typically 3+ years, regardless of the pace of releases afterwards.
Date[34]
Notes[35]
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.90[36] 16 Nov 2005
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.91[37] 11 Jan 2006 "new-admin"
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.95[38] 29 Jul 2006 "magic removal"
Old version, no longer maintained: 0.96[39] 23 Mar 2007 "newforms", testing tools
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.0[40] 3 Sep 2008 API stability, decoupled admin, unicode
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.1[41] 29 Jul 2009 Aggregates, transaction based tests
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.2[42] 17 May 2010 Multiple db connections, CSRF, model validation
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.3[43] 23 Mar 2011 Class based views, staticfiles
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.4 LTS[44] 23 Mar 2012 Time zones, in browser testing, app templates.
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.5[45] 26 Feb 2013 Python 3 Support, configurable user model
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.6[46] 6 Nov 2013 Dedicated to Malcolm Tredinnick, db transaction management, connection pooling.
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.7[47] 2 Sep 2014 Migrations, application loading and configuration.
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.8 LTS[48] 1 Apr 2015 Native support for multiple template engines. Support ended on 1 April 2018
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.9[49] 1 Dec 2015 Automatic password validation. New styling for admin interface.
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.10[50] 1 Aug 2016 Full text search for PostgreSQL. New-style middleware.
Old version, no longer maintained: 1.11 LTS[51] 4 Apr 2017 Last version to support Python 2.7. Support ended on 1 April 2020
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.0[52] 2 Dec 2017 First Python 3-only release, Simplified URL routing syntax, Mobile friendly admin.
Old version, no longer maintained: 2.1[53] 1 Aug 2018 Model "view" permission.
Older version, yet still maintained: 2.2 LTS[54] 1 Apr 2019 Security release. Supported until at least April 2022
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.0[55] 2 Dec 2019 ASGI support
Old version, no longer maintained: 3.1[56] 4 Aug 2020 Asynchronous views and middleware
Older version, yet still maintained: 3.2 LTS[57] 6 Apr 2021 Extended Support until at least April 2024
Current stable version: 4.0[58] 7 Dec 2021 Extended Support until at least April 2023
Future release: 4.1[58] Aug 2022 Extended Support until at least December 2023
Future release: 4.2 LTS[58] April 2023 Extended Support until at least April 2026
Future release: 5.0[58] December 2023 Extended Support until at least April 2025
Older version, still maintained
Latest preview version
There is a semiannual conference for Django developers and users, named "DjangoCon", that has been held since September 2008. DjangoCon is held annually in Europe, in May or June;[59] while another is held in the United States in August or September, in various cities.[60] The 2012 DjangoCon took place in Washington, D.C., from 3 to 8 September. 2013 DjangoCon was held in Chicago at the Hyatt Regency Hotel and the post-conference Sprints were hosted at Digital Bootcamp, computer training center.[61] The 2014 DjangoCon US returned to Portland, OR from 30 August to 6 September. The 2015 DjangoCon US was held in Austin, TX from 6 to 11 September at the AT&T Executive Center. The 2016 DjangoCon US was held in Philadelphia, PA at The Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania from 17 to 22 July.[62] The 2017 DjangoCon US was held in Spokane, WA;[63] in 2018 DjangoCon US was held in San Diego, CA.[64] DjangoCon US 2019 was held again in San Diego, CA from Sept 22–27.
Django mini-conferences are usually held every year as part of the Australian Python Conference 'PyCon AU'.[65] Previously, these mini-conferences have been held in:
Hobart, Australia, in July 2013,
Brisbane, Australia, in August 2014 and 2015,
Melbourne, Australia in August 2016 and 2017, and
Sydney, Australia, in August 2018 and 2019.
Django has spawned user groups and meetups around the world,[66] the most notable group is the Django Girls organization, which began in Poland but now has had events in 91 countries.[67][68]
Programmers have ported Django's template engine design from Python to other languages, providing decent cross-platform support. Some of these options are more direct ports; others, though inspired by Django and retaining its concepts, take the liberty to deviate from Django's design:
Liquid for Ruby[69]
Template::Swig for Perl[70]
Twig for PHP and JavaScript[71][72]
Jinja for Python[73]
ErlyDTL for Erlang[74]
Django as a framework is capable of building a complete CMS, however there are dedicated CMS project which are built upon and extend the Django framework. Below is list of a few of the more popular Django-based CMSs:
Django CMS[75]
Free and open-source software portal
Flask (web framework)
Pylons project
Comparison of web frameworks
^ a b c "django/README". GitHub. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
^ "Django FAQ". Retrieved 27 March 2019.
^ "Django security releases issued: 4.0.1, 3.2.11, and 2.2.26". 4 January 2022. Retrieved 12 January 2022.
^ "Django Download". Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ "django/LICENSE". GitHub. Retrieved 8 September 2020.
^ "FAQ: General - Django documentation - Django". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ a b "FAQ: General - Django documentation - Django". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ a b Adrian Holovaty, Jacob Kaplan-Moss; et al. The Django Book. Archived from the original on 2 September 2016. Retrieved 3 September 2013. Django follows this MVC pattern closely enough that it can be called an MVC framework
^ "Design Philosophies". Django. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
^ "What Powers Instagram: Hundreds of Instances, Dozens of Technologies". Instagram Engineering.
^ "Python". Mozilla Developer Network. Archived from the original on 8 February 2012. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ Robenolt, Matt. "Scaling Django to 8 Billion Page Views". blog.disqus.com.
^ "DjangoSuccessStoryBitbucket – Django". Archived from the original on 20 April 2016. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "The anti-Facebook: one in four American neighborhoods are now using this private social network". The Verge. Retrieved 16 June 2016.
^ Demi, Luke (15 August 2021). "Reining in the thundering herd ⛈ Getting to 80% CPU utilization with Django". Clubhouse Blog. Retrieved 16 August 2021.
^ "What is the history of the Django web framework? Why has it been described as "developed in a newsroom"?". Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^ "Introducing Django". The Django Book. Retrieved 29 July 2018.
^ "Announcing the Django Software Foundation - Weblog - Django". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Security in Django". Django Project. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
^ Socol, James (2012). "Best Basic Security Practices (Especially with Django)". Retrieved 25 March 2013.
^ "What is a reusable app? — django-reusable-app-docs 0.1.0 documentation". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Django Packages". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Design philosophies - Django documentation - Django". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Django documentation of deployment". Archived from the original on 11 January 2012.
^ "Cherokee Web Server - Cookbook Setting up Django - Cherokee Documentation". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ How to use Django with Apache and mod_wsgi Archived 8 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Official Django documentation.
^ ibmdb. "GitHub - ibmdb/python-ibmdb: Automatically exported from code.google.com/p/ibm-db". GitHub. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Google Code Archive - Long-term storage for Google Code Project Hosting". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ maxirobaina. "GitHub - maxirobaina/django-firebird: Firebird SQL backend for django". GitHub. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Django non-rel". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ beachmachine. "GitHub - beachmachine/django-jython: Database backends and extensions for Django development on top of Jython". GitHub. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ Running Pure Django Projects on Google App Engine. Code.google.com (1 November 2010). Retrieved on 5 December 2011.
^ "Django's release process - Django documentation - Django". Retrieved 30 April 2016.
^ "Download Django - Django". www.djangoproject.com.
^ "FAQ: Installation - Django documentation - Django". docs.djangoproject.com.
^ "Introducing Django 0.90". Django weblog. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
^ "Django 0.91 released". Django weblog. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
^ "Announcing Django 0.96!". Django weblog. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
^ "Django 1.0 released!". Django weblog. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
^ "Django 1.1 released". Django weblog. Retrieved 2 February 2013.
^ "Django 1.5 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 27 February 2013.
^ "Django 1.6 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
^ "Django 1.7 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 4 September 2014.
^ "Django 1.8 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 2 April 2015.
^ "Django 1.9 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
^ "Django 1.10 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
^ "Django 1.11 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
^ "Django 2.1 released" Django weblog. Retrieved 2 August 2018.
^ Django 2.2.3 release notes. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
^ Django 3.0 release notes. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
^ Django 3.1 release notes. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
^ "Django 3.2 release notes | Django documentation | Django". 6 April 2021. Retrieved 7 June 2021.
^ a b c d "Download Django | Django". www.djangoproject.com.
^ DjangoCon EU series Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Lanyrd.com
^ DjangoCon US series Archived 2 April 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Lanyrd.com
^ "DjangoCon". DjangoCon. Archived from the original on 5 August 2012. Retrieved 29 July 2012.
^ "DjangoCon". DjangoCon. Retrieved 1 December 2016.
^ "DjangoCon". DjangoCon.
^ DjangoCon AU. Djangocon.com.au. Retrieved on 2019-12-16.
^ "Django groups". Meetup.
^ "Lawrence-born Django, which revolutionized website construction, celebrating its 10th anniversary". Lawrence Journal-World. 9 July 2015. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
^ "Django Girls - start your journey with programming". Retrieved 21 October 2019.
^ Shopify. "– Liquid template language". Liquid template language.
^ "Template::Swig - Perl interface to Django-inspired Swig templating engine. - metacpan.org". metacpan.org.
^ Symfony. "Home - Twig - The flexible, fast, and secure PHP template engine". twig.sensiolabs.org.
^ "twigjs/twig.js". GitHub.
^ "Welcome - Jinja2 (The Python Template Engine)". jinja.pocoo.org.
^ "erlydtl/erlydtl". GitHub.
^ "django CMS - Enterprise Content Management with Django - django CMS". www.django-cms.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
Jaiswal, Sanjeev; Kumar, Ratan (22 June 2015), Learning Django Web Development (1st ed.), Packt, p. 405, ISBN 978-1783984404
Ravindrun, Arun (31 March 2015), Django Design Patterns and Best Practices (1st ed.), Packt, p. 180, ISBN 978-1783986644
Osborn, Tracy (May 2015), Hello Web App (1st ed.), Tracy Osborn, p. 142, ISBN 978-0986365911
Bendoraitis, Aidas (October 2014), Web Development with Django Cookbook (1st ed.), Packt, p. 294, ISBN 978-1783286898
Baumgartner, Peter; Malet, Yann (2015), High Performance Django (1st ed.), Lincoln Loop, p. 184, ISBN 978-1508748120
Elman, Julia; Lavin, Mark (2014), Lightweight Django (1st ed.), O'Reilly Media, p. 246, ISBN 978-1491945940
Percival, Harry (2014), Test-Driven Development with Python (1st ed.), O'Reilly Media, p. 480, ISBN 978-1449364823
This list is an extraction from Current Django Books
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Django (web framework).
Python web frameworks
CherryPy
Nagare
Nevow
TurboGears
TwistedWeb
Zope 2
Dynamic Data
OpenRasta
WebSharper
CppCMS
Drogon
CFWheels
ColdBox Platform
ColdSpring
Fusebox
Model-Glue
Caveman2
CL-HTTP
Weblocks
Yesod
Flexive
ICEfaces
ItsNat
JHipster
Jspx
Remote Application Platform
RIFE
Vaadin
Vert.x
Angular/AngularJS
Chaplin.js
Dojo Toolkit
OpenUI5
SproutCore
Wakanda
Mojolicious
WebGUI
Fat-Free
Kohana
Phalcon
PHP-Fusion
Pop PHP
ProcessWire
Qcodo
SilverStripe
BlueBream
Pyjs
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Application Express (PL/SQL)
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BettingPro / Darts / 2023 PDC World Darts Championship Tips: How To Get 7/1 Peter Wright To Win PDC World Championship Darts 2023
2023 PDC World Darts Championship Tips: How To Get 7/1 Peter Wright To Win PDC World Championship Darts 2023
Dave Kuzio / Jul 18, 2022
Peter Wright was crowned PDC World Darts Champion at the Ally Pally on Monday evening, and online bookmaker Paddy Power is now offering new and existing customers the chance to claim a boosted 7/1 on the world number two retaining the title in 2023 and being a three-time champion.
READ MORE: Check out our free darts betting tips & predictions
2023 PDC World Darts ChampionshipPDC Darts
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Peter Wright proved to everyone he is one of the best darts players in the world after beating Michael Smith 7-5 at Alexandra Palace on Monday to win the PDC World Darts Championship for the second time in three years.
The Scot, who collected a cheque for £500,000 and the Sid Waddell Trophy, averaged 98.34 and threw 17 180s as he fought back from 5-4 down to win the final three sets.
Wright won nine of the last 10 legs of the game to be crowned champion – averaging 113.93.
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Drivin' N' Cryin' to release their first record in twelve years "GREAT AMERICAN BUBBLE FACTORY," September 29TH
By CMP on July 21, 2009 in News
"Crunching hard rock is the drivin' part, brittle countryish balladry the cryin', with the two linked by a heavy dose of Led Zeppelinphilia. If Paul Westerberg had grown up worshiping Angus Young instead of Alex Chilton, the Replacements might sound something like this youthful Atlanta trio." Rolling Stone review of Whisper Tames the Lion
ATLANTA, GA – Drivin' N' Cryin' will put out their first record in twelve years. Great American Bubble Factory will be released on September 29, 2009 on Vintage Earth Music with marketing and distribution provided by Thirty Tigers/RED. "This record is the perfect crescendo to a long twenty-plus year career of the band. I think we've found the true essence of what we started to build back in 1985," says Kevn Kinney.
Drivin' N' Cryin' originally started recording demos for this album on September 10, 2001. After 9/11 the band abandoned the sessions after deciding the time wasn't right for their stories of blue-collar optimism. They returned to Sonica Studios in Atlanta earlier this year where the band produced the album in collaboration with Anton Fier, who produced their 1987 album Whisper Tames the Lion and James Barber, their ex-manager-turned-producer.
This record moves from the "Midwestern Blues" to the Flannery O'Connor South of "This Town" to the industrial grind of "Detroit City" to the optimistic anthem (and Dictators cover) "I Stand Tall" to the genuine pining for home in "I See Georgia."
The current DNC line up is: Kevn Kinney (guitar & vocals), Tim Nielsen (bass, mandolin & backing vocals), Mac Carter (guitar), Dave V. Johnson (drums, percussion & backing vocals). The band will be on tour throughout the fall, tour dates will be announced soon.
You can hear a preview of "Detroit City" on the band's myspace page: http://www.myspace.com/drivinncryin
album, american, cryin, drivin n cryin, fall tour dates, flannery o connor, Great, kevn kinney, Paul Westerberg, Whisper
J.B. Beverley and the Wayward Drifters "Watch America Roll By" Helltrain
SAM BUSH TO RECEIVE LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT FOR INSTRUMENTALIS


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Serody: Who are the Real Terrorists?
Written by Bob Serody, Team SCPA
Issue: Guns in the USA, cont'd.
Who are the Real Terrorists?
By Bob Serody
Every time we look at ourselves in the mirror, we miss what really makes us unique when compared to other countries. It is a legacy that passes down from generation to generation: that we individually have the right to bear arms. Although we act shocked at incidents like Sandy Hook Elementary School, many of us eventually shrug it off by saying it has nothing to do with our gun culture. Rather it occurred because the perpetrator was either mentally sick or he was simply a terrorist.
A friend recently reminded me that the recent shooting in San Bernardino, California, "was a normal occurrence, just an ordinary, and a very insignificant, happening in our nation on a typical day". He also mentioned "31,000 Americans are killed in an average year due to gun violence in this country, or about 85 people daily, according to The Law Center to Prevent Gun Violence, and indirectly, from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC). That is about the same number of Americans who are killed in car accidents each year, about 33,000 fatalities, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety and Highway Loss Data Institute."
His point was that "Americans did not wring their hands over the other 71-people killed in the unrelated gun deaths that occurred on the same day as the San Bernardino event, killings that occurred elsewhere in the United States. They don't wring their hands over the others because they know that gun-violence is normal for our culture."
In fact, "compared to normal gun death rates in the United States, war is a good deal less violent. According to a Mother Jones report here, more Americans are shot to death over a 25-year stretch than have died in every war since the United States was founded in 1776!"
"Imagine that.", he continued. "More Americans have been shot to death in the last 25-years than all the Americans who ever died in every war America ever fought over the last 239 years, including the Civil War, the Spanish American War, World War I, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, and all others combined."
His comments definitely put things into perspective. "Soaring gun death rates are normal for our way of life; they are part of what defines the United States and what defines its citizens; it describes who we are as a people, and what we have become as a nation."
He continued. "From these facts it is clear, no terrorist can ever do to Americans what Americans regularly do to themselves. The word terrorism loses all meaning in a nation filled to the brim with gruesome murders from handguns, assault rifles, and anything that can fire a bullet. The thought of "terrorism" is a concept at which Americans could quite justifiably laugh. For how terrifying can any foreign savage be with his rare killings and his empty threats when gun-deaths are nearly as commonplace here as fatal car accidents?"
He concluded, "The only real terrorist threat by far to Americans isn't ISIL or al-Qaeda; it's the NRA, a true terrorist organization that has made war on Americans and which has the actual means to carry it out. The NRA's most potent weapon consists of fourteen words in a 224-year old piece of parchment that allows the NRA's generals and its foot soldiers to keep the conflict raging indefinitely, preventing any hope of peace in this war torn land. Year after endless year, the NRA and those fourteen words it uses as a bulwark against logic, against common sense, and against rationality make it possible to fell another 31,000 Americans in their merciless and relentless bloodbath."
"Thus, only the greatest of fools would be afraid of foreign-born terrorists, given the real danger from within, the NRA and its most potent weapon, a cancer hatched from our own Constitution that kills the citizens that the Constitution is designed to protect, a weapon that promotes this threat and guarantees that the extreme death rates will exist in perpetuity."
My friend, by branding the NRA as a terrorist organization was, in effect, saying that it, along with the gun manufacturers it serves, must take ultimate responsibility for the high rate of gun deaths in the United States, regardless of whether they fall in the categories of robberies, murders, domestic violence, and even acts of terrorism. The laws that permit easy access to efficient killing machines also brand lawmakers, who support the NRA's agenda by accepting campaign donations from its lobbyists, as conspirators for selling themselves to the highest bidder. Finally, the people who elect these lawmakers must share the blame for these murders.
It reminds me of an episode in the TV program, Law and Order, where the DA demonstrated how easy it was to commit mass murder with the weapon used to kill a large number of people in Central Park. He did this be pouring all the bullets held by the magazine onto the table in front of the jury. The gun manufacturer was on trial, but in the end, in spite of the guilty verdict by the jury, the judge reversed the decision, saying that the law was clear. The manufacturer had the right to supply these weapons to the public.
It also reminds me of the gun ranges which invite family participation, including young children, to fire Uzi machine guns. In one particular event, the child accidentally shot and killed the instructor.
My friend's condemnation prompted me to look for a solution to the dilemma. I recalled that in the aftermath of the Connecticut school shootings that left 20 first-graders and six educators dead, retired Justice John Paul Stevens was looking for ways to prevent a repeat. His answer was to write a book that proposed no fewer than six changes to the Constitution, of which two are directly linked to guns. The book, "Six Amendments: How and Why We Should Change the Constitution," was published two days after Stevens' 94th birthday.
One amendment would allow Congress to force state participation in gun checks, while the second would change the Second Amendment to permit gun control. He acknowledged that his proposed change would "allow Congress to do something unthinkable in today's environment: ban gun ownership altogether." Although he knew that "changing the Second Amendment was pretty remote," Stevens said, "The purpose is to cause further reflection over a period of time, because…with ample time and reflection, people in the United States would come to the same conclusion that people in other countries have."
And that is the point. With 300 million guns in private hands in the United States, it's very difficult to devise a non-intrusive, "common-sense" approach to regulating their exchange by individuals. Ultimately, you need more than background checks; you need many fewer guns in circulation, period.
These changes will not occur overnight. It will probably not occur in my lifetime or possibly even in the lifetime of the next generation. But I believe it will occur if we can overcome the power of the corporations to influence the elections. Universal background checks and the banning of semiautomatic weapons are simply common sense. The recent defeat of the bill in Congress to prevent the ownership of guns by those placed on the terrorist watch list, and even the resistance by the NRA to allow the sale of guns with fail-safe fingerprint identification, indicates who the real culprits are in explaining the number of deaths due to gun violence. Certainly, the legal possession of semiautomatic weapons among the public will continue to contribute to the number of murders in future incidents, but who's counting?
So the next time we all look in the mirror, it is time to recognize we are still living in the age of our own revolution. It will take some time to educate ourselves that we are now living in the 21st century.
Bob Serody is a member of Space Coast Progressive Alliance
Carl Freitag: Why Men Love Guns
http://www.scpaflorida.com/item/3106-freitag-why-men-love-guns
Compiled by Team SCPA
Last modified on Sunday, 07 February 2016 14:50
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The Space Coast Progressive Alliance advances progressive policies at the local, state and national level through support of political candidates, education on critical issues, coordination of activities among local and state progressive organizations, and providing internet resources. We are a grassroots organization of concerned citizens who strive for domestic and international policies beneficial to the well-being and self-determination of Americans and all peoples of the world, for protection of civil and personal liberties, and for progressive environmental, economic, labor, health care, social welfare, education, foreign, and defense policies.


in: 1221
1219 1219 1220 - 1221 - 1222 1223 1224
Decades:
1190s 1200s 1210s - 1220s - 1230s 1240s 1250s
Centuries:
12th century - 13th century - 14th century
1221 by topic
State leaders – Sovereign states
Birth and death categories
Category: Establishments – Disestablishments
Births – Deaths – Works
Art and literature
1221 in poetry
1221 in other calendars
Gregorian calendar 1221
MCCXXI
Armenian calendar 670
ԹՎ ՈՀ
Bahá'í calendar -623 – -622
Buddhist calendar 1765
Coptic calendar 937 – 938
Ethiopian calendar 1213 – 1214
Hebrew calendar 4981 – 4982
Hindu calendars
Holocene calendar 11221
Iranian calendar 599 – 600
Islamic calendar 617 – 618
- Imperial Year Kōki 1881
(皇紀1881年)
Julian calendar 1266
Korean calendar 3554
Thai solar calendar 1764
2 Births
3 Deaths
4 People of the year 1221 at Familypedia
5 Events of the year 1221 at Familypedia
Events[]
May 13 - End of the reign of Emperor Juntoku, emperor of Japan
Emperor Chūkyō briefly reigns over Japan
Former Emperor Go-Toba leads an unsuccessful rebellion against the Kamakura Shogunate
Emperor Go-Horikawa ascends to the throne of Japan
January - Mongol Army under Jochi captures the city of Gurganj (now Kunya-Urgench), and massacres the inhabitants, reported by contemporary scholars as being over a million killed, although probably only a fifth or a tenth of that in reality.
February - Merv sacked by the Mongols under Tolui at the orders of Genghis Khan. Contemporary scholars report over a million people were systematically killed in the aftermath.
Revolt against rulers of Chichen Itza by Maya of the Yucatán
Nizhny Novgorod City (Russia) was founded.
A large and highly efficient Mongol army, despatched under Subutai by Genghis Khan to Georgia defeats two Georgian armies around Tbilisi, but lacks the will or equipment to besiege the city.
Genghis Khan enters the Indus Valley.
Births[]
October 9 - Salimbene di Adam, Italian chronicler
November 23 - King Alfonso X of Castile (died 1284)
Bonaventure, Italian theologian and saint (died 1274)
Boleslaus the Pious, Duke of Greater Poland (died 1279)
Deaths[]
August 6 - Saint Dominic, Spanish founder of the Dominicans (born 1170)
October 4 - William III Talvas, Count of Ponthieu (born 1179)
October 21 - Alix of Thouars, Duchess of Brittany (born 1201)
Roger Bigod
This page uses content from the English language Wikipedia. The original content was at 1221. The list of authors can be seen in the page history. As with this Familypedia wiki, the content of Wikipedia is available under the Creative Commons License.
People of the year 1221 at Familypedia
15 people were born in 1221
Age mother at birth
Alfonso X of Castile (1221-1284) Ferdinand III, King of Castile (1199-1252) Elisabeth von Staufen (1203-1235)
Isabel de Maudit (c1221-c1268) William de Maudit Alice de Beaumont (c1200-bef1263)
Clémence de Orreby (-1258) Philip de Orreby (-1230) Leuca de Mohaut (-1227)
Constance of Poland (c1221-1257) Henry II the Pious of Poland (c1196-1241) Anne of Bohemia (1204-1265)
Przemysł I of Poznań (c1221-1257) Władysław Odonic of Poznań (c1190-1239) Hedwig Unknown (?-1249)
Aleksandra Bryachislavna of Polotsk (c1221-c1265) Bryachislav Vasilkovich of Polotsk (c1200-c1250)
Vasili Andreyevich of Vyazma (c1221-c1250) Andrei Vladimirovich Dolgaya Ruka of Vyazma (c1205-1223)
Thiébaut II de Bar (c1221-1291) Henri II de Bar (1190-1239) Philippa de Dreux (1192-1242)
Richard de Verney (c1221-) Harvey de Verney (c1188-)
Béatrice de Beaujeu (1221-c1268) Humbert V de Beaujeu (1198-1250) Marguerite de Baugé (1200-1252)
Hugues XI de Lusignan (1221-1250) Hugues X de Lusignan (c1189-1249) Isabelle of Angoulême (1186-1246)
Mathieu III de Montmorency (1221-1270) Bouchard VI de Montmorency (1201-1243) Isabeau de Laval (1201-1244)
Marguerite de Provence (1221-1295) Ramon Berenguer IV de Provence (1195-1245) Béatrice de Savoie (1205-1266)
Olga Olgovna of Kursk (c1211-c1270) Oleg Svyatoslavich of Kursk (c1185-c1230)
Friedrich von Vianden (1221-1247) Heinrich I. von Vianden (c1175-1252) Marguerite de Courtenay (1194-1270)
21 children were born to the 6 women born in 1221
22 people died in 1221
Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk (c1144-1221) Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (1095-1177) Juliana de Vere (c1116-1199)
Thierry de Mellier (c1143-bef1221) Albert I de Chiny (c1086-bef1162) Agnès de Bar (c1120-c1167)
Walter de Lindsay, 1st of Lamberton (-1221) William de Lindsay (c1148-c1200) Aleanore de Limesay (-1200)
Marie de Tournai (c1185-aft1221) Baudouin de Tournai (c1150-aft1208) Hildrade de Wavrin
Iaroslava Ryurikovna (c1174-c1221) Ryurik II Rostislavich of Kiev (c1137-1212) Anna Yuryevna of Turov (c1152-c1209)
Mariya Mstislavna of Smolensk (c1187-1220) Mstislav III Romanovich of Kiev (c1160-1223)
Dietrich von Meißen (1162-1221) Otto von Meißen (c1116-1190) Hedwig von Brandenburg (-1203)
Friedrich II. von Brehna und Wettin (c1165-1221) Friedrich I. von Brehna (c1142-1191) Hedwig von Böhmen-Jamnitz (c1154-1211)
William of Aubigny (c1175-1221) William of Aubigny (c1139-1193) Maud de St. Hilary (c1136-1195)
Alix of Alençon (1150-1221) Jean I of Alençon (c1117-1191) Béatrix du Maine (1133-c1190)
William IV of Ponthieu (1179-1221) Jean de Ponthieu (c1140-1191) Béatrix de Saint-Pol (c1155-c1202)
Berengária of Portugal (c1195-1221) Sancho I of Portugal (1154-1212) Dulce of Aragon (1160-1198)
Guy de Chappes (c1165-1221) Clérambaud III de Chappes Ermengarde de Montlhéry (1135-1175)
Ebles V de Ventadour (c1152-1221) Ebles IV de Ventadour (1108-1170) Agnès de Montpellier (1135-c1182)
Alix de Thouars (1201-1221) Guy de Thouars (c1254-1213) Constance de Bretagne (1161-1201)
... further results
1000 people lived in 1221
Aleksandr Vsevolodovich of Belz (c1180-c1235) Vsevolod Mstislavich of Volhynia (c1160-1196)
Danilo Kobyakovich (c1180-1223) Konchak Khan (c1120-c1203)
Dervorguilla of Galloway (c1210-1290) Alan, Lord of Galloway (c1175-1234) Margaret of Huntingdon (c1194-aft1233)
John fitzRobert (c1190-1240) Robert fitzRoger (-1214) Margaret de Chesney
Kirill II, Bishop of Rostov (c1180-1262)
Maria of Cumania (c1185-c1260) Kotyan Khan (c1165-1241)
Marina Vladimirovna (1215-1238) Vladimir IV Ryurikovich of Kiev (1187-1239)
Morta (c1210-1262)
Oleg Ingvarevich Krasnyi (c1215-1258) Ingvar Igoryevich of Ryazan (c1190-1235)
Oleg Yuryevich (c1190-1237) Yuri Yuryevich of Murom (c1170-c1224)
Rostislav Mstislavich of Smolensk (c1212-c1241) Mstislav Davydovich of Smolensk (the younger) (1193-1230)
Ryngold (c1175-c1236) Algimantas
Treniota (c1210-1264) Vykintas (c1200-1253)
Tverdislav Mikhalkovich (c1165-c1125) Mikhalko Stepanich (c1140-c1215)
Vsevolod Yuryevich of Novgorod (c1212-1238) Yuri II Vsevolodovich of Vladimir (1189-1238)
Events of the year 1221 at Familypedia
19 people were married in 1221.
Joined with
Alexander II of Scotland (1198-1249) Joan of England (1210-1238) + Marie de Coucy (c1218-1285)
Joan of England (1210-1238) Alexander II of Scotland (1198-1249)
Philippe I de Poitiers (c1201-1226) Isabella I of Armenia (c1217-1252)
Isabella I of Armenia (c1217-1252) Philippe I de Poitiers (c1201-1226) + Hethum I of Barbaron (1215-1270)
Marguerite de Bar (c1195-c1242) Heinrich von Salm (c1190-aft1228) + Henri de Dampierre
Jaime I de Aragón (1208-1276) Eleanor of Castile (1202-1244) + Violant of Hungary (c1216-1253) + Teresa Gil de Vidaure (?-?) + Blanca d'Antillón (?-?) + Berenguela Fernández (?-?) + Elvira Sarroca (?-?)
Agnes de Beaujeu (1200-1231) Teobaldo I de Navarra (1201-1253)
Teobaldo I de Navarra (1201-1253) Gertrude of Dagsburg (c1190-1225) + Agnes of Beaujeu (1200-1231) + Marguerite de Bourbon (1211-1256)
Agnès II de Donzy (c1205-1225) Guy I de Châtillon (c1196-1226)
Guy I de Châtillon (c1196-1226) Agnès II de Donzy (c1205-1225)
Petronille de Bigorre (c1190-1251) Gaston VI de Béarn (c1165-1214) + Nuno de Aragon + Guy de Montfort + Aymar de Rancon + Boson de Matha
Elisabeth de La Guerche (1210-c1257) Pierre de Chemillé (1204-1248)
Jean II de Pierrepont (c1184-1251) Isabelle de Dreux (1188-aft1242) + Maria de Dammartin (c1220-c1279)
Pierre de Chemillé (1204-1248) Elisabeth de La Guerche (1210-c1257)
Eleanor of Castile (1202-1244) Jaime I de Aragón (1208-1276)
There were 0 military battles in 1221.
0.015 3.5 0.022
... more about "1221"
Birth rate
0.015 +
3.5 +


Intrinsa Patch Review – Is it Safe?
Intrinsa Patch Overview
Millions of women in the US suffer from female sexual dysfunction (FSD), particularly after having a hysterectomey. Proctor and Gamble developed the Intrinsa Patch, a transdermal delivery system that releases testosterone into the body. Testosterone is a hormone that is naturally found in both males and females. When the ovaries quit producing or are removed, testosterone levels crash and libido can also plummet. If you have FSD, could the Intrinsa Patch be the answer for you?
Intrinsa Patch – Its Ingredients and How it Works
Female sexual dysfunction includes at least four conditions: a lack of desire, inability to feel arousal, painful intercourse, and failure to achieve orgasm. These problems are often most significant in women who have had their ovaries surgically removed and post menopausal women. Testosterone plays a significant role in sexual arousal. This hormone is normally produced by the ovaries and the adrenal gland. Once a woman has reached menopause or has a hysterectomy, testosterone is no longer produced in a meaningful quantity.
The Intrinsa Patch is designed to deliver a low dose of testosterone transdermally into the blood stream. Testosterone therapy is a systemic treatment so it needs to be continued for a few weeks or months to have a notable effect.
The Intrinsa Patch is applied to the skin of the abdomen and each patch should be worn three days. At the end of that time, another patch should be applied and worn another three days. Wait four days, then repeat the two-patch cycle.
P&G studies show that 73% of women using the Intrinsa Patch over a six-month time frame reported favorable results. The women said that their satisfying sexual experiences per month increased fourfold over the course of the experiment.
Who Would Benefit from Using the Intrinsa Patch?
The Intrinsa Patch is designed specifically with women who have had their ovaries surgically removed and is also used for women who have reached menopause naturally. The naturally menopausal women must also be using hormone replacement therapy to qualify for a prescription for the Intrinsa Patch.
Where Can I Buy the Intrinsa Patch?
Unfortunately, if you live in the United States, you are not able to buy the Intrinsa Patch. The FDA has withheld approval of the hormone patch, citing concerns about safety. Since the discovery that estrogen therapy increased women's chances of having a stroke, the FDA wants to make sure testosterone supplements would not be a problem, too. Because many women would be taking the testosterone in conjunction with estrogen, the need for caution is understandable.
At this time, you cannot even order the Intrinsa Patch from pharmacies in the UK where it is approved. Unfortunately, the many women who may benefit from the use of this new patch will have to wait awhile longer to see if this is the FSD solution they have been seeking.
Have You Heard News About The Intrinsa Patch? If So, Let us Know!
Rexaline Review - Does it Work?
Celebrity Hairstyles With Bangs and Layers


Lee Becomes General-in-Chief
February 11, 2020 WalterCoffey Military, Politics One comment
February 11, 1865 – Robert E. Lee issued his first order as the new general-in-chief of the Confederacy.
Confederate Gen R.E. Lee | Image Credit: Wikispaces.com
As the Battle of Hatcher's Run took place and Lee attended Sunday church services in Petersburg, a messenger unofficially informed him that President Jefferson Davis would make him the Confederacy's first general-in-chief the next day.
On the 6th, Davis issued orders confirming Lee's appointment, in accordance with the act of the Confederate Congress passed on January 26. Lee ostensibly took overall command of all Confederate armies away from Davis and his military staff; Davis had long been criticized for micromanaging the military, and many hoped that Lee's appointment would diminish Davis's influence over military strategy.
To further silence his critics, Davis also appointed Major General (and former U.S. Vice President) John C. Breckinridge as secretary of war. Breckinridge quickly worked to improve the delivery of food and supplies to Lee's starving Army of Northern Virginia, which was on the verge of collapse. However, desertion still pervaded the Confederate ranks as many hungry, cold, tired, and demoralized soldiers answered letters from desperate relatives under attack by Federal invaders.
The new post of general-in-chief and a new secretary of war ultimately did not reduce Davis's control over the military as much as most hoped. Lee had to continue devoting most of his attention to his own critical situation, and out of respect for his friendship with Davis, Lee often deferred to the president instead of taking a more assertive role in his new position. And Breckinridge's main focus was keeping Lee's army strong enough to protect the Confederate capital. This left Davis to continue exerting control over the remaining armies.
Lee assumed his new role as general-in-chief on the 9th and announced that he would make no major changes at that time. Two days later, he issued his first order (with Davis's approval), in which he offered pardons to all deserters if they returned to their ranks within 20 days. Lee also declared that the Confederacy's choice was now "between war and abject submission," and–
"… to such a proposal brave men with arms in their hands can have but one answer. They cannot barter manhood for peace, nor the right of self-government for life or property… Taking new resolution from the fate which our enemies intend for us, let every man devote all his energies to the common defense. Our resources, wisely and vigorously employed, are ample, and with a brave army, sustained by a determined and united people, success with God's assistance cannot be doubtful… Let us then oppose constancy to adversity, fortitude to suffering, and courage to danger, with the firm assurance that He who gave freedom to our fathers will bless the efforts of their children to preserve it."
Another change in the Confederate high command involved replacing Colonel Lucius B. Northrop as Confederate commissary general. Northrop had been one of Davis's favorites and thus shared the same powerful enemies as the president. The Commissary Department suffered from a lack of adequate funding, transportation, and supply, and Northrop's alleged incompetence only made matters worse.
Northrop was replaced by Isaac M. St. John, the current head of the Niter and Mining Bureau. St. John was awarded the rank of brigadier general, a rank that Davis had given Northrop but was never confirmed by the Confederate Senate. St. John quickly improved the Commissary Department by gathering and sending three million rations of bread and 2.5 million rations of meat to the troops, along with new uniforms.
However, these changes seemed to be too little, too late for the Confederacy. Lee wrote to Breckinridge on the 18th, "It is necessary to bring out all our strength, and, I fear, to unite our armies, as separately they do not seem able to make head against the enemy… I fear it may be necessary to abandon our cities, and preparations should be made for that contingency." Three days later, Lee outlined his strategy regarding his army at Petersburg:
"In the event of the necessity of abandoning our position on the James River, I shall endeavor to unite the corps of the army about Burkeville (junction of South Side and Danville railroads), so as to retain communication with the north and south as long as practicable, and also with the west. I should think Lynchburg, or some point west, the most advantageous place to which to remove stores from Richmond. This, however, is a most difficult point at this time to decide, and the place may have to be changed by circumstances."
In a letter to Davis, Lee called for concentrating all the Confederate armies into one force. He acknowledged that it would "necessitate the abandonment of our position on the James River, for which contingency every preparation should be made."
CivilWarDailyGazette.com; Denney, Robert E., The Civil War Years: A Day-by-Day Chronicle (New York: Gramercy Books, 1992 [1998 edition]), p. 530; Foote, Shelby, The Civil War: A Narrative: Volume 3: Red River to Appomattox (Vintage Civil War Library, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, Kindle Edition, 2011), Loc 16079-89, 16342-52, 16389-99, 16755-75; Fredriksen, John C., Civil War Almanac (New York: Checkmark Books, 2007), p. 552; Freeman, Douglas Southall, Lee (Scribner, Kindle Edition, 2008), Loc 8168; Hall, John O., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, 1986, Patricia L. Faust ed.), p. 651; Hattaway, Herman, Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, 1986, Patricia L. Faust ed.), p. 538; Korn, Jerry, Pursuit to Appomattox: The Last Battles (Alexandria, VA: Time-Life Books, 1983), p. 20, 24-26; Long, E.B. with Long, Barbara, The Civil War Day by Day (New York: Da Capo Press, Inc., 1971), p. 635-37; Pollard, Edward A., Southern History of the War (New York: The Fairfax Press, 1990), p. 457; Stanchak, John E., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, 1986, Patricia L. Faust ed.), p. 532-33; Ward, Geoffrey C., Burns, Ric, Burns, Ken, The Civil War (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1990), p. 356-58; Wert, Jeffry D., Historical Times Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Civil War (New York: Harper & Row, 1986, Patricia L. Faust ed.), p. 538
Isaac M. St. JohnJefferson DavisJohn C. BreckinridgeLucius B. NorthropPetersburg CampaignRobert E. Lee
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Cray Medical Research Foundation board executives Karen Seaberg, vice president; Melissa Huntington, president; and Susan Robbins, treasurer; meet with David Robbins, the incoming Cray professorship recipient.
A $2 million gift from the Cray Medical Research Foundation of Atchison, Kansas, will establish a diabetes-focused professorship at the University of Kansas Medical Center.
David C. Robbins, professor of medicine and director of the KU Diabetes Institute, will be the first recipient of the Cray Diabetes Professorship, which will educate students in the Endocrinology, Metabolism & Genetics Division of the Internal Medicine Department at KU Med Center.
Robbins said the gift from the Cray Medical Research Foundation follows more than 30 years of support for diabetes care and research from Cloud "Bud" Cray and the late Sally Cray of Atchison.
"The Cray family recognizes that diabetes is becoming an epidemic, that treatment is time-consuming and often a drain on resources of our healthcare system," he said. "This gift reflects the heartfelt concern Bud and Sally Cray have had for all the Kansans who suffer from diabetes."
This gift reflects the heartfelt concern Bud and Sally Cray have had for all the Kansans who suffer from diabetes.
Supporting diabetes education and research is important to the Cray family, as Sally Cray battled the disease until her death in 2010.
Melissa Huntington, board president of the Cray Medical Research Foundation and Bud and Sally Cray's granddaughter, said the entire Cray family is committed to seeing the foundation's work continue in perpetuity.
"We believe that through our partnership with the KU Medical Center, this professorship will ensure that an endocrinologist of Dr. David Robbins' expertise and passion will continue the great work in diabetes research and education that we take pride in at the University of Kansas," Huntington said.
The Cray foundation provided the resources to open the Cray Diabetes Center at KU Medical Center in 1979 and has provided continual philanthropic support. Now called the Cray Diabetes Self-Management Center, it is committed to providing excellent care and education to patients with diabetes and their families. It serves patients at two locations, in Kansas City, Kansas, and in Overland Park, Kansas.
In 2007, the KU Diabetes Institute opened its doors. As the research arm of the Self-Management Center, it engages in basic science, clinical and translational research projects centering on diabetes and its complications.
Bud Cray, a native of Bloomfield Hills, Michigan, earned a chemical engineering degree at Case Institute of Technology in Cleveland. He joined MGP Ingredients in Atchison in 1947 and served the company in leadership positions for 68 years before retiring in 2015. Sally Cray, a native of Cleveland, Ohio, attended Case Western Reserve/Flora Stone Mather College for two years and married Bud in 1944. Soon afterward they moved to Atchison, where they worked, raised their family and served the community.


FWO Decided to Start Work on Bhara Kahu Bypass Project Soon
Islamabad: The Capital Development Authority CDA is making all-out efforts to
start the construction work on the much-needed Bhara Kahu Bypass Project as
directed by PM Shahbaz Sharif. The topographic survey of the road is already in
progress. The newly appointed Chairman of the CDA Capt Muhammad Usman
after a meeting in the PM office on Friday personally visited the site of the
project and took the project on top priority. The topographic survey, the CDA
sources said, would be completed in a few days after which the engineering
design would be completed before the finalization of the PC-1.
Bhara Kahu Bypass Project FWO Asked to Submit Draft
An official of the CDA told, "Since the prime minister is directly monitoring and
the chairman is fully focusing on the project, hopefully, all the prerequisite
formalities will be completed in a week or so. We have already engaged
Frontier Work Organization (FWO) and it is expected that the formal
construction work will be started during the second week of September". The
sources said that the Frontier Works Organization (FWO) has already been
engaged and once the project starts in the second week of September, the
work would be completed in four months as directed by PM Shahbaz Sharif.
Rebuild Hub River Bridge NHA Signed the Contract
As per the new working of the CDA, the Bypass would be 5 kilometers which
includes a one-kilometer flyover and two interchanges at the start and end
points. The bypass would start near Quaid-e Azam University and will end up at
Jugi Stop via Kiani Road and Friday Bazar. The CDA sources told that the final
cost would be finalized in PC-1 however the cost would be more than 5 billion.
The CDA official added, "We have made our mind; the five-km project will have
a four-km road and a one-km flyover. But, yes, we are also checking the option
of expansion of the roads but ultimately we will have to go for the flyover". It is
to be mentioned here that the former PM Imran Khan had laid the foundation
stone of the bypass last year but the work couldn't be started.


The Marriage of Maria Braun (1979)
Plaintive, tragic, and wise, The Marriage of Maria Braun is a titanic achievement in the extensive filmmography of provocative German auteur Rainer Werner Fassbinder. Setting a peculiar love story against the backdrop of World War II's final years, the picture says profound things about the damnable cost of pride, the degradation of national identity during times of war, the interpersonal issues that arise whenever women become breadwinners in patriarchal societies, and the mysteries of the female soul. Yet for all the philosophical and sociopolitical weight of the subject matter, The Marriage of Maria Braun unfolds with something that could almost be described as lightness of touch. The leading character is so self-assured and the storytelling is so witty that hints of playful satire sparkle amid the drama.
Things get off to an amazing start with the frenetic opening scene—beautiful young Maria (Hanna Schygulla) marries German soldier Hermann (Klaus Löwitsch) while the city around them is shelled with enemy bombs. Soon after this perfect metaphor, Hermann and Maria are separated for the duration of the war, forcing Maria to fend for herself without any sure knowledge of whether her husband will return home or even whether he's alive. Resourceful, smart, and tough, Maria sees everyone else around her fighting for scraps, so she decides to try for something better. Maria takes a job as a dancehall girl. While working at the dancehall, Maria bewitches a stocky black GI named Bill (George Boyd), who supplies her with imported goods, impregnates her, and offers to marry her. Then, fate being what it is, Hermann returns from a long and soul-crushing incarceration in a Russian POW camp. Plot twist follows plot twist until the story expands to include Karl Oswald (Ivan Desny), a wealthy industrialist who hires Maria as a secretary and later assumes an even more important role in her life. Giving away much more would diminish the experience of watching the picture, which is unmistakably arthouse fare but which also has enough pulpy content for a Harold Robbins novel.
While Fassbinder executes The Marriage of Maria Braun with his usual clinical style, guiding actors to underplay scenes, the movie has a more vivacious editing scheme than other Fassbinder '70s efforts. Cinematographer Michael Ballhaus, who later became Martin Scorsese's go-to DP for a period of time, captures actions with inventive angles and nimble camera movements, allowing co-editors Fassbinder and Juliane Lorenz to create brisk pacing. The performances are generally strong, with some actors serving as puppets in Fassbinder's scheme while others incarnate fully realized individuals. Naturally, Schygulla dominates. Enigmatic and luminous, she makes her character's contradictions believable and fascinating. (As the heroine says to Karl at one point: "I am who I am. Last night I was Maria Braun who wanted to sleep with you. Today I'm Maria Braun who wants to work for you.")
Screenwriters Pea Frölich and Peter Märthesheimer enrich The Marriage of Maria Braun by including dialogue that succinctly encapsulates themes, although it's likely Fassbinder had an invisible hand in the writing. In one scene, the idealistic Maria says to a fellow dancehall girl, "A great love is a great truth." The dancehall girl's response: "The truth is what you have in your belly when you're hungry." In a different scene, Maria delivers one of the finest character-defining lines ever spoken: "It's not a good time for feelings, but it suits me." In addition to winning numerous international awards, such as a Golden Globe nomination for Best Foreign Film, The Marriage of Maria Braun was the first movie in Fassbinder's so-called "BRD Trilogy," which continued with Lola (1981) and Veronika Voss (1982).
The Marriage of Maria Braun: RIGHT ON
Labels: rainer werner fassbinder, right on, women's studies, world war II
I agree this is an exceptional film. Surprising that it's just coming up now on your blog. RIGHT ON!
Fedora (1978)
Get to Know Your Rabbit (1972)
The Hireling (1973)
Silent Night, Bloody Night (1972)
The Trojan Women (1971)
Promises in the Dark (1979)
The Stud (1978)
Beyond the Door (1974) & Beyond the Door II (1977)...
The Internecine Project (1974)
Space Is the Place (1974)
Bloody Mama (1970)
The Concert for Bangladesh (1972)
The MacKintosh Man (1973)
Martin (1977)
Angels' Wild Women (1972)
The Humanoid (1979)
Crazy Joe (1974)
In Hot Pursuit (1977)
Buffalo Rider (1978)
The Adventurers (1970)
An American Hippie in Israel (1972)
Lost Horizon (1973)
A Gunfight (1971)
Arnold (1973)
A Nightingale Sang in Berkeley Square (1979)
Emma Mae (1974)
Leadbelly (1976)
Up! (1976)