\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \"Fireball\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is","psg_id":"3994152"},{"title":"Cliff Barnes","text":"wife, Rebecca, to dinner and expresses an interest in investing in Christopher's energy project. Christopher declines, as he thinks that Cliff just wants to antagonize the Ewings again; however, Cliff warns him not to let the Ewings destroy him like they did his adoptive mother, Pamela. When J.R. arrives at Sue Ellen's office to give her Miss Ellie's pearls, a good luck charm for her Texas gubernatorial campaign, Cliff arrives to take Sue Ellen to lunch to discuss politics. When questioned about trying to buy Southfork, Cliff announces, \"\"I will never stop fighting for what is rightfully mine\".\" In addition,","psg_id":"9053570"},{"title":"What Katy Did","text":"up: \"What Katy Did at School\" and \"What Katy Did Next\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\"Clover\" and \"In the High Valley\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern","psg_id":"7578085"},{"title":"What Katy Did","text":"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows","psg_id":"7578084"},{"title":"What Kate Did","text":"What Kate Did \"What Kate Did\" is the 34th episode of \"Lost\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested","psg_id":"7347814"},{"title":"What Richard Did","text":"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the","psg_id":"16918902"},{"title":"What Richard Did","text":"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \"Bad Day in Blackrock\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in","psg_id":"16918894"},{"title":"What Hetty Did","text":"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in","psg_id":"11856928"},{"title":"What Hetty Did","text":"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \"The Harpole Report\" and Edward","psg_id":"11856925"},{"title":"Look What I Did","text":"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first","psg_id":"3994147"},{"title":"What I Did Right","text":"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \"\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\"\" Deborah Evans Price of \"Billboard\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\" What I Did Right \"What I Did Right\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It","psg_id":"18787754"},{"title":"What Katie Did (company)","text":"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned","psg_id":"17247248"},{"title":"Clarice Bean series","text":"Kurt Tuesday (her older brother, age 16), her dad, her mother, her granddad, and her grandmother. Kurt is the oldest child followed by Marcie, Clarice, and then Minal is the youngest. Betty Moody is Clarice Bean's best friend, and they do most things together. As well as Clarice herself Betty loves the Ruby Redfort series. Betty also loves dogs and in the 1st book she got a dog from Clarice's grandad's best friend. She appears in the series wearing glasses. She and her parents traveled a lot, along with call-me-Mol and call-me-Cecil. In the last book, she moved to San","psg_id":"12987070"},{"title":"What Katie Did (company)","text":"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.","psg_id":"17247247"},{"title":"Clarice Lispector","text":"by New Directions Publishing and Penguin Modern Classics, the first Brazilian to enter that prestigious series. Moser, who is also the editor of her anthology \"The Complete Stories\" (2015), describes Lispector as the most important Jewish writer in the world since Kafka. Clarice Lispector was born Chaya Lispector in Chechelnyk, Podolia, a shtetl in what is today Ukraine. She was the youngest of three daughters of Pinkhas Lispector and Mania Krimgold Lispector. Her family suffered terribly in the pogroms during the Russian Civil War that followed the dissolution of the Russian Empire, circumstances later dramatized in her older sister Elisa","psg_id":"2281396"},{"title":"What Might Have Been","text":"turns out to be his long, lost love, Clarice. As they reunite, the video flashes back to the younger Clarice and Nathan sharing a kiss. This version has been played on CMT, TNN and GAC, as well as CMT's sister channel, Pure Country. \"What Might Have Been\" debuted at number 72 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 29, 1993. What Might Have Been \"What Might Have Been\" is a song recorded by American country music group Little Texas. It was released in May 1993 as the lead-off single from their second (and","psg_id":"13767566"},{"title":"Clarice Shaw","text":"personal interest in medical and child welfare issues. In 1916 she was appointed as the Women's Labour League representative to attend meetings of the Scottish Executive Committee of the Labour Party. There she met, worked with, and eventually married in Edinburgh in July 1918, Benjamin Howard Shaw, first Secretary of the Scottish Labour Party. The couple complemented each other in terms of political ideas and tastes, teetotalism, and temperance reform. Both she and Ben Shaw were also closely associated with the Glasgow Socialist Sunday School, of which Clarice was the national president for twenty-five years. The marriage did not produce","psg_id":"8979157"},{"title":"Clarice Orsini","text":"Colle Val d'Elsa, Passignano sul Trasimeno, and other places in the 1480s. During these visits, she was treated as a representative of her husband, an unusual role for a woman in that time and place. On 30 July 1488 she died in Florence, and was buried two days later. Her husband was not with her when she died, nor did he attend the funeral, because he himself was very ill and was in Bad Filetta near Sienna to get cured. In a letter to Pope Innocence VIII he wrote that he dearly missed his late wife. Clarice and Lorenzo had","psg_id":"10654908"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Cliff Clarice Cliff (20 January 1899 – 23 October 1972) was an English ceramic artist active from 1922 to 1963. She began as an apprentice potter. By reason of her talent and ability, she became a ceramic artist, becoming the head of the factory artistic department. The Cliff family moved to Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, from the Eccleshall area in about 1725. Cliff was born in Tunstall, Stoke-on-Trent, England. When Clarice was born their home was on Meir Street on a terrace of modest houses. Cliff's father Harry Thomas Cliff worked at the local iron foundry in Tunstall, her mother Ann\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333812\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \". The work of the CCCC culminated with the centenary exhibition\\\" 'Clarice Cliff, the Art of Bizarre' \\\"at the Wedgwood Museum, Barlaston, Stoke-on-Trent. Nowadays, with 26 years of experience the club is based online (see below). It should not be confused with an organisation who used the same name from 2001 after registering it in 1997. The CCCC was then the consultant for the BBC Radio 4 drama 'The Bizarre Girl', written by Lizzie Slater which was described as \\\" 'an uplifting drama exploring the dramatic rise of Clarice Cliff from the shop floor to Company Art Director ~ illustrating\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333848\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"how a working-class Staffordshire girl brought modern art to the people'.\\\" The drama was broadcast in December 2000. In 2002 Peter Wentworth- and Kay Johnson, the authors of the original 'Clarice Cliff' book from 1976 returned to Britain to lecture at a CCCC event at Christie's, South Kensington. They spoke about the early days of collecting when their first purchase had been,\\\" 'a Summerhouse Athens jug for 7 shillings and 6 pence, 35 pence'. \\\" Peter had actually spoken to Cliff on the phone, but she had declined to be interviewed. They revealed that they had both been working for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333849\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"patterns were made in larger quantities by Wedgwood during and after this time. These reproductions should not be confused with forgeries (of which a number are found), the Wedgwood ones are clearly marked as 'Wedgwood Clarice Cliff'. An original Cliff painter Alice Andrews, then in her 80s, was employed to appear at launches of the ware in stores throughout Britain. In the mid 90s Cliff's position as a major artist of her era was confirmed when she was included in major international reference works; the massive \\\"Dictionary of Art\\\" by Macmillan Publishers, and \\\"Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon\\\" by K. G. Saur Verlag\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333847\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"sifters, again hand painted, with the exception of the aforementioned Crocus which was lithographed. Whilst the purists still scoff at these pieces some 30 years later they are actually a very accurate representation of the originals they were copied from and in themselves are now becoming sought after not least because they allow collectors to acquire excellent pieces and a more affordable price. A chain of mergers finally led to Wedgwood owning the Clarice Cliff name, and from 1992 to 2002 they too produced a range of reproductions of the highly sought 1930s pieces. These were made to a high\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333845\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"her shared passion with Shorter. After the war, although Cliff was occasionally nostalgic for the 'Bizarre' years, as witnessed in personal letters to friends, she seemed to be realistic and accepted the commercial taste was for conservative ware. Clarice seemed to enjoy playing a lesser role at the factory, knowing that she could not recapture those crazy days of the thirties. Much of the post-war production went to Australia, New Zealand or North America, where the taste was for formal ware in traditional English designs such as \\\"Tonquin\\\" rather than the striking patterns and shapes that had established Cliff's reputation;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"colourway variation on this by simply changing the trees to shades of blue and pink, and this was then called \\\"Rudyard\\\" after a local Staffordshire beauty spot. Clarice Cliff's fame and success in the 1930s are hard to fully appreciate now, but at that time there was no such thing as 'career women'. The publicity she received in the national press was unprecedented. Research by a PhD student into the contemporary press between 1928 and 1936 found \\\" '360 articles about Cliff and her work were published in the trade press, women's magazines, national and local newspapers'.\\\" This was put\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333834\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"also four boys – who hand painted the ware under her direction. Many of these workers were traced in the 1980s and 1990s and they totalled over 100. Their names and work for Clarice Cliff were recorded in the centenary book. The factory produced a series of small colour printed leaflets (quite unusual for this time) which could be obtained by post, or picked up from stockists. This promotional device was clearly successful, as one young girl was employed whose only job was to put the leaflets in stamped addressed envelopes sent into the factory. At this time, many women\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333823\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"1930s. \\\"Crocus\\\" was unusual in that it was produced on both tableware, tea and coffeeware, and 'fancies', novelty items made primarily as gift ware. The pattern had many colour variations, including \\\"Purple Crocus\\\" (1932) \\\"Blue Crocus\\\" (1935), \\\"Sungleam Crocus\\\" (1935) \\\"Spring Crocus\\\". It was even produced after the war, the final pieces with \\\"Clarice Cliff\\\" marks being made in 1963, though Midwinter (who bought the factory) continued to paint it to order until as late as 1968. By 1929, Cliff's team of decorators had grown to a team of around 70 young painters, mainly women (called her 'Bizarre girls') but\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333822\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Taylor\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Taylor Clarice Taylor (September 20, 1917 – May 30, 2011) was an American stage, film and television actress. Born in Buckingham County, Virginia but raised in Harlem, New York, Taylor was best known for her recurring role on television on \\\"The Cosby Show\\\" as Dr. Heathcliff \\\"Cliff\\\" Huxtable's (Bill Cosby) mother, Anna Huxtable. She was nominated for an Emmy Award in 1986 for the role. She was also a regular on \\\"Nurse\\\", played Harriet on \\\"Sesame Street\\\", and appeared as Grady's cousin Emma on \\\"Sanford and Son\\\". Taylor started working in the theatre—with the American Negro Theatre—at a time\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7284292\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"in March and May. These dates are recorded in the Royal College of Art archive and were also remembered by Gladys Scarlett (in 1982 ) as she was briefly left alone at Newport to paint the new 'Bizarre' ware. From 1927 Cliff was actually credited for shapes she designed, such as her \\\"Viking Boat\\\" flower holder, though her modelling for the factory is recorded in trade journal as far back as 1923–24. The shapes from 1929 onwards took on a more 'Moderne' influence, often angular and geometric, and some are what was to be later termed Art Deco. Abstract and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333819\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"were added by holding the piece upside down and painting thin lines amongst the flowers. Being made from the individual brushstrokes, the \\\"Crocus\\\" pattern was clearly completely hand-painted, and the vibrant colours instantly attracted large sales. Initially, Clarice had just one young decorator produce \\\"Crocus\\\", Ethel Barrow. But as orders flooded in by 1930 a separate decorating 'shop' was established underneath the top floor of the building which housed the 'Bizarre' shop, and Ethel became responsible for training young painters how to do the pattern. Twenty young women painted nothing but \\\"Crocus\\\" 5½ days a week, for much of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333821\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"modelling figurines and vases, gilding, keeping pattern books and hand painting ware: outlining, enamelling (filling in colours within the outline) and banding (the radial bands on plates or vessels). In the early 1920s the decorating manager Jack Walker brought Cliff to the attention of one of the two factory owners, Arthur Colley Austin Shorter, who managed it with his brother Guy. Colley Shorter was 17 years older than Cliff, and as well as playing a major role in nurturing her skills and ideas, he was married but was later to be her husband. Cliff was given special attention by her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333815\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Is... Cliff Clavin?\",\n \"text\": \"What Is... Cliff Clavin? \\\"What Is... Cliff Clavin?\\\" is an eighth season episode of the American television series \\\"Cheers\\\". It was directed by Andy Ackerman rather than James Burrowswho directed 243 out of 273 episodes of the showand originally aired January 18, 1990 on NBC. In this episode, Cliff Clavin (John Ratzenberger) appears on the game show \\\"Jeopardy!\\\" and game show host Alex Trebek guest stars as himself. Cliff racks up an insurmountable lead during the game, only to lose it all in the final round. The episode received praise from critics for its concept and its guest star. Cliff\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7321336\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"London stores sold it, including Harrods. Some of the other London stockists have long since closed, but the list is impressive: \\\" 'Maple & Co., Lawley's, Bon Marche, John Lewis Peter Robinson, Selfridges, John Barker & Co., Warring & Gillow and Gorringe's'. \\\" However, the extant order books of the period confirm that Bizarre ware was never sold at Woolworths as some have erroneously stated. Further outrageous patterns, vividly coloured, such as \\\"Melon\\\" and \\\"Circle Tree\\\" appeared in 1930. Cliff devised many ways of marketing these; in-store painting demonstrations, for which Cliff chose just the prettiest of her painters and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333830\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"mastered this she changed jobs to learn freehand painting at another potbank, at the same time studying art and sculpture at the Burslem School of Art in the evenings. In 1916,Cliff made the rather unusual decision to move to the factory of A.J. Wilkinson at Newport, Burslem, to improve her career opportunities. This necessitated a lengthy journey to work. This was an unusual start to an unusual career; most young women in the Staffordshire Potteries were on 'apprentice wages', and having mastered a particular task, stayed with that to maximise their income. However, Cliff was ambitious and acquired skills in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333814\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Is... Cliff Clavin?\",\n \"text\": \"book \\\"Brainiac\\\", noted that \\\"Jeopardy!\\\"-related sitcom episodes had become common at the time. On the first episode of \\\"Jeopardy!\\\" season 31, which aired on September 15, 2014, \\\"Jeopardy!\\\" champion Elizabeth Williams echoed Cliff Clavin's answer in her response to the Final Jeopardy clue. Williams's $600 wager combined with her opponents' incorrect responses allowed Williams to triumph that day, nonetheless. The episode inspired the term \\\"Clavin's Rule\\\" in reference to maximizing all the winnings at the final round and losing them all. What Is... Cliff Clavin? \\\"What Is... Cliff Clavin?\\\" is an eighth season episode of the American television series \\\"Cheers\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7321342\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Is... Cliff Clavin?\",\n \"text\": \"show's host, Alex Trebek, later arrives at Cheers, tells Cliff that his response should have been accepted earlier, and announces his resignation as the host of \\\"Jeopardy!\\\". However, Cliff convinces Trebek to remain as host by telling him how much the show and Trebek mean to him. After Cliff shares the news with others, Norm Peterson (George Wendt) praises Trebek for doing this just to make Cliff feel better. However, Trebek says that he did not realize that Cliff was at the bar and that meeting him had been a coincidence. Trebek says that Cliff scares him and that the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7321338\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Bean series\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Bean series The Clarice Bean series is a series of children's books written and illustrated by the English author Lauren Child from 1999. The main character and narrator is Clarice Bean and the stories feature her challenges navigating the complex ethical and social questions children deal with at school and at home. A spin-off series called Ruby Redfort, which the US publisher called a \\\"six-book middlegrade fiction series\\\" in advance, was inaugurated in 2011. Both \\\"That's Me\\\" and \\\"What Planet?\\\" were bronze runners-up for the Smarties Prize in ages category 6–8 years and the latter won the Kids Club\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12987068\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What They Did to Princess Paragon\",\n \"text\": \"of the fan base. One deranged fanboy in particular, Jerome T. Kornacker, is so outraged that his favorite superheroine is being \\\"perverted,\\\" that he takes radical steps to stop the change. \\\"What They Did to Princess Paragon\\\" is a tongue-in-cheek look at the comic book industry, the artists who create comics, the corporations that publish and sell them, and the fans who support and consume the books. The story is also an exploration of 1990s lesbian feminist thought. What They Did to Princess Paragon What They Did to Princess Paragon is a humor novel by Robert Rodi, which tells the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13675535\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"ware. It was produced in more muted colours, right until the start of the war in 1939. Other modelled shapes included the 1937 'Raffia' based on traditional basketware by Native Americans, decorated in a similar style to them with small blocks of colour. More popular was the heavily modelled \\\"Harvest\\\" ware, jugs and bowls modelled with corn and fruit. After the war this range was heavily marketed in North America (very patriotically) as \\\"England\\\". This later modelled ware attracts relatively low prices at auction. In 1940, after the death of Ann Shorter, Colley's wife, he married Cliff and she moved\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333837\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"After the visit Cliff sent the daughter a present of a miniature child's tea set painted in her \\\"Honolulu\\\" pattern. In the mid 30s tastes changed and heavily modelled ware came into vogue. The \\\"My Garden\\\" series issued from 1934 onwards led the way, with small flowers modelled as a handle or base on more rounded shapes. These were fully painted in bright colours – the body of the ware was covered in thin colour washes – 'Verdant' was green, 'Sunrise' yellow and so on. The range included vases, bowls, jugs, a biscuit barrel, and proved very popular as gift\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333836\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"examples were produced under her direction, and the artists included such notable names as Duncan Grant, Paul Nash, Barbara Hepworth, Vanessa Bell, and Dame Laura Knight. The project 'Modern Art for the Table' was launched at Harrods London in October 1934 but received a mixed response from both the public and the press, though at the same time Cliff's own patterns and shapes were selling in large quantities around the world. Cliff's patterns are highly stylised and interpreted in strong colours, such as the 1933 \\\"Honolulu\\\" pattern. The trees are enamelled in red (coral) orange and yellow. Cliff produced a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333833\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"floral embossed \\\"Davenport\\\" ware of 1925. But in 1929 at the same time as she started the colourful cubist and landscape designs, Cliff's modelling took on a new style. This was influenced by European originals by Désny, Tétard Freres, Josef Hoffmann and others, that she had seen in design journals including 'Mobilier e Décoration'. Between 1929 and 1935 Cliff issued a mass of shape ranges, including \\\"Conical, Bon Jour/Biarritz, Stamford, Eton, Daffodil\\\", and \\\"Trieste\\\". In each of these there were tea and coffee ware shapes, but the first two were so popular that biscuit barrels, sugar sifters, bowls and vases\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333828\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"Shorter, and this gradually developed into an affair, conducted in secrecy. The couple worked closely together on creating awareness of 'Bizarre ware' to catch the attention of buyers in the middle of a major financial depression, and with a skilful eye and great foresight, Colley Shorter registered Clarice's name and even some of her shapes. It was her ability to design both patterns and also the shapes they were to go on that distinguished Cliff above any other designers in the Staffordshire Potteries at this time. Her first modelling in the mid 20s was of stylised figures, people, ducks, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333827\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Cliff\",\n \"text\": \"two. The \\\"Appliqué Lugano\\\" pattern is shown left on a wall plaque, with (inset) the printed \\\"Bizarre\\\" mark, and a \\\"hand painted\\\" range name as often seen on this ware. \\\"Appliqué\\\", with its more intense colouring, proved long term to be one of the most sought after Cliff ranges. The \\\"Fantasque\\\" range evolved between 1928 and 1934 and mainly featured abstracts or landscapes of cottages and trees, and some Art Deco inspired patterns. The first \\\"Fantasque\\\" landscape pattern was \\\"Trees and House\\\" and this sold well from 1930 until at least 1934. However, it was the slightly later, more sophisticated\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2333825\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Smith\",\n \"text\": \"the permanent collection of the Smithsonian American Art Museum. Clarice Smith Clarice Smith (born 1933) is an American painter and portraitist whose paintings have been exhibited in a number of exhibitions in the United States and Europe. With her late spouse, Robert H. Smith, Clarice Smith has engaged in philanthropy, especially at the University of Maryland, where the Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center is named for her. Clarice Smith studied art at the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design and the University of Maryland. She received her MFA from George Washington University, where she later taught as a member\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20078466\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Smith\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Smith Clarice Smith (born 1933) is an American painter and portraitist whose paintings have been exhibited in a number of exhibitions in the United States and Europe. With her late spouse, Robert H. Smith, Clarice Smith has engaged in philanthropy, especially at the University of Maryland, where the Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center is named for her. Clarice Smith studied art at the Corcoran School of the Arts and Design and the University of Maryland. She received her MFA from George Washington University, where she later taught as a member of faculty. Smith, who describes herself as a \\\"lifelong\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20078464\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Bean series\",\n \"text\": \"books, he throws his chair across the room. Grace is mainly Clarice Bean's worst enemy. She can be very mean to Clarice Bean for no particular reason, especially about her spelling. She is good at just about everything and people say she is Mrs. Wilberton's 'Teacher's dreamy girl'. Mrs. Wilberton never believes Clarice Bean but she always believes Grace. Grace is the teacher's pet. Mrs. Wilberton is Clarice Bean's Teacher. She does not seem to be particularly nice and is always telling Clarice Bean off about her spelling. Clarice Bean describes Mrs. Wilberton as having a \\\"honking goose voice\\\" and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12987072\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kimberly Clarice Aiken\",\n \"text\": \"Kimberly Clarice Aiken Kimberly Clarice Aiken Cockerham (born October 11, 1974) was Miss America 1994. She won Miss Columbia and Miss South Carolina 1993 en route to her 1994 Miss America crown. She was the first African American woman to be crowned Miss South Carolina. Although she did not win any preliminary awards , she was still selected as a top 10 finalist and excelled during the live pageant with a stirring vocal rendition of \\\"Summertime\\\" for her talent, and impressive showings in the swimsuit, evening gown, and interview competitions. Aiken was 18 years old when she won the coveted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6878047\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Assad\",\n \"text\": \"left when Clarice was around 8, off to Paris seeking success on virgin but savvy turf, and putting on indefinite hiatus those cherished sessions together. Infrequent visits couldn’t reattach the torn ligatures, and Clarice abandoned music completely. “For so long,” she remembers, “I didn’t even touch the piano, or make any music at all because I connected it with him.” After a time, though, she began to play again. “I realized I was doing it for myself,” Clarice explains. The urge to continue her development was too great, the Assad legacy in her DNA. Clarice was born with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11876714\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\",\n \"text\": \"'Dad?' Hurley comments that he did not expect Rose's husband to be white, before Jack quickly changes the subject. The producers felt it was important to address that they are an interracial couple, and that Hurley was saying what the audience would be thinking. Caldwell agreed with them and thought it would be odd if the issue was not addressed. Anderson also was glad that Hurley brought up the issue, and liked that Jack did not pay any attention. The episode gained 21.54 million American viewers in its first airing. What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7347822\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector\",\n \"text\": \"Critics Circle Award Biography finalist Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector is a book by Benjamin Moser published by Oxford University Press in 2009. Benjamin Moser details the majority of Clarice Lispector's and then discusses the connections between her life and her work. Moser discusses how Clarice Lispector's work reflects her life. He does this by citing her own texts, letters, other scholarly work and what few interviews there are of her. Moser goes into great detail on the connections that can be made between Lispector's writing and her life.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20550636\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector\",\n \"text\": \"Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector Why This World: A Biography of Clarice Lispector is a book by Benjamin Moser published by Oxford University Press in 2009. Benjamin Moser details the majority of Clarice Lispector's and then discusses the connections between her life and her work. Moser discusses how Clarice Lispector's work reflects her life. He does this by citing her own texts, letters, other scholarly work and what few interviews there are of her. Moser goes into great detail on the connections that can be made between Lispector's writing and her life. Moser uses letter written to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20550634\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Bean series\",\n \"text\": \"of fictional books in which Clarice Bean and Betty Moody frequently find inspiration. They are about a young, American girl, who is an undercover secret agent. In \\\"Clarice Bean Spells Trouble\\\", Clarice Bean and Betty Moody also watch the \\\"Ruby Redfort\\\" television series, which was adapted from the books. In \\\"Utterly Me, Clarice Bean\\\", it is revealed that Hollywood are adapting it into a film. There are nine books in the series: The fictional author is Patricia F Maplin Stacey, whom Betty once meets in Russia (she gets a Ruby Redfort book signed). In another book, Clarice gets to be\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12987074\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\",\n \"text\": \"as Dorry, Bryn McAuley as Joanna, and Dean Stockwell as \\\"Tramp\\\". A 1972 UK movie adaptation, \\\"Katy\\\", starred Clare Walker, and the 1962 eight-part TV series made in the UK, also called \\\"Katy\\\", featured rising star Susan Hampshire in the title role. In 2015, author Jacqueline Wilson wrote her novel \\\"Katy\\\", which is a modern retelling of \\\"What Katy Did\\\". The August 2016 edition of Storytime featured a new illustrated adaptation with illustrations by Italian artist Marco Guadalupi. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" was followed by four sequels: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" in which Katy and Clover attend the fictional Hillsover\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7578097\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What We Did\",\n \"text\": \"quietest albums in Michael Gira’s catalog.\\\" What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18937073\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What We Did\",\n \"text\": \"What We Did What We Did is a collaborative studio album by Swans frontman Michael Gira and Windsor for the Derby member Dan Matz. It was released on November 13, 2001 through Gira's Young God Records label. \\\"What We Did\\\" has a considerably more pop-oriented and accessible sound, compared to Gira's other solo works. The majority of the lyrics on the album was written by Matz. Allmusic critic Thom Jurek described the album as \\\"a finely wrought album of relayed styles and layered textures enfolding one another into a music that could have only been made by these two men,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18937071\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\",\n \"text\": \"School (set in Hanover, New Hampshire); \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\", in which a new friend of Katy's takes her on a once-in-a-lifetime trip to Europe; \\\"Clover\\\", in which Katy is married and Clover accompanies her brother Phil to Colorado after he falls ill; and \\\"In the High Valley\\\", which shows the lives of a handful of young people living in the High Valley in Colorado, including Clover, Elsie and their husbands. What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7578098\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\",\n \"text\": \"Mrs. Ashe's brother, Ned, they fell in love. When Katy got home, she received a letter from Ned and blushed and ran to her room, leaving Clover and the reader thinking that Katy and Ned may get married in the future. What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13579047\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did Next\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did Next What Katy Did Next (1886) is a children's book by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey, working under the pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the stories \\\"What Katy Did\\\" (1872) and \\\"What Katy Did At School\\\" (1873) and tells the adventures of Katy Carr as she travels to Europe. The book opens by reintroducing the Carr family and introducing the widow Mrs. Ashe. Mrs. Ashe has her nephew, Walter, over for a visit and it is discovered that he has scarlet fever. Anxious that her only daughter Amy should not contract the disease, Amy is sent to live\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13579043\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Bean series\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"a big derriere.\\\" She also possesses a gait which Clarice Bean and Karl describe as \\\"walking on trotters\\\" which Karl often impersonates. Clem is a new girl at Clarice Bean's school. She is from Sweden and has a pet rabbit called Kahneen, which is Swedish for rabbit. Clarice describes Clem as Sadie Blanch, a fictional character from the Ruby Redfort series. Czarina is Clarice Bean's drama teacher. She is from Pakistan. Quincy is Betty's new friend. She talks a lot and has an older brother whose name is unknown. An important plot device is the \\\"Ruby Redfort collection\\\", a series\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12987073\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\",\n \"text\": \"Cousin Helen: Papa's niece; she cannot walk because of an accident years ago. Despite her suffering she is amusing, cheerful, and kind; just what Katy wants to be. After Katy's accident, Cousin Helen helps her adjust to her illness. Susan Coolidge shared her publisher, Roberts Brothers, with Louisa May Alcott, and \\\"What Katy Did\\\" helped satisfy the demand for naturalistic novels about girlhood that followed the 1868 success of \\\"Little Women\\\". Like Alcott, Coolidge heightened the realism of her novel by drawing on her own childhood memories. \\\"What Katy Did\\\" also illustrates social shifts. First the novel depicts the treatment\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7578094\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Shaw\",\n \"text\": \"recognised by her being chosen as the Secretary of the Scottish Parliamentary Group. Having fulfilled her major ambition to become an MP, Clarice was then struck down by a serious illness shortly afterwards which stopped her ever attending the House of Commons. She continued to deal with her parliamentary correspondence faithfully until she was forced to resign her seat in September 1946. Ben and Clarice Shaw are remembered as one of the most successful and popular partnerships in the Scottish Labour Party. While Ben was shy and introverted, Clarice was a very gifted speaker and orator with the ability to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8979161\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Shaw\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Shaw Clarice Marion Shaw (née McNab; 22 October 1883 – 27 October 1946) was a Labour Party politician and Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom. She was born at 10 Morton Street, Leith, near Edinburgh, Scotland, on 22 October 1883, the eldest daughter of Thomas Charles McNab, a wire-cloth weaver, and his wife, Mary Deas Fraser. Her father was a high-profile figure in local politics, including being a director of Leith's co-operative association, and played a large part in moulding Clarice's radical and political beliefs in Labour politics. Clarice combined an interest in education and socialism from an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8979154\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Mayne\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Mayne Clarice Mayne (6 February 1886 – 16 January 1966) was a music hall and variety theatre singer and performer. Mayne was born in London in 1886. She is best known for the song \\\"A Broken Doll\\\" written by her husband, the composer James W. Tate, and lyricist Frank Clifford Harris. Early in her career, Mayne often played the \\\"principal girl\\\" in pantomimes for Francis Laidler, among others. She also became a noted music hall performer. Later, she played the \\\"principal boy\\\" roles. Mayne sang in the variety theatre act called \\\"Clarice Mayne and That\\\". Mayne was \\\"This\\\", and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8804506\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Beckett\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Beckett Clarice Majoribanks Beckett (21 March 1887 – 7 July 1935) was an Australian tonalist painter whose works are featured in the collections of the National Gallery of Australia, National Gallery of Victoria and the Art Gallery of South Australia. Beckett was born in Casterton, Victoria, the daughter of Joseph Clifden Beckett (c1852-1936), a bank manager, and his wife Elizabeth Kate, née Brown (c1855-1934). Her grandfather was John Brown, a Scottish master builder who had designed and built Como House and its gardens in South Yarra, Victoria. Clarice was a boarder at Queen's College, Ballarat until 1903, before spending\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8213901\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Taylor\",\n \"text\": \"Landy. Her most recent performance was in a touring production of her one-woman show, \\\"Moms\\\", for which she won an Obie Award in 1987 for best performance by an actress. Her most recent film appearance was a small role in Wayne Wang's film \\\"Smoke\\\". Clarice Taylor died in Englewood, New Jersey from congestive heart failure, aged 93. She is survived by her two adopted sons, William and James Thomas, and extended family. Clarice Taylor Clarice Taylor (September 20, 1917 – May 30, 2011) was an American stage, film and television actress. Born in Buckingham County, Virginia but raised in Harlem,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7284295\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Starling\",\n \"text\": \"to cover the events of \\\"The Silence of the Lambs\\\", and the sixth to cover the events of \\\"Hannibal\\\", with the seventh to be an original storyline resolving \\\"Hannibal\\\"s ending. Since the series' cancellation, Fuller has stated that should the series continue, whether for a fourth season or feature film, and should they obtain rights to adapt \\\"The Silence of the Lambs\\\", Ellen Page would be his ideal casting for Clarice Starling. Clarice Starling Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character who appears in the novels \\\"The Silence of the Lambs\\\" and \\\"Hannibal\\\" by Thomas Harris. In the film adaptation\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3364843\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Starling\",\n \"text\": \"with Anthony Hopkins himself recommending her for the role after his previous experience working with her in the film \\\"Surviving Picasso\\\". In May 2012, Lifetime announced that they were developing a television series centered on Clarice Starling after her graduation from the FBI academy, titled \\\"Clarice\\\", which was to be produced by MGM. Bryan Fuller, the creator of the TV series \\\"Hannibal\\\", stated prior to the show's cancellation his desire to include Clarice Starling as a character in the fifth season, provided that he could get the rights from MGM. He said that he planned for the show's fifth season\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3364842\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Starling\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Starling Clarice M. Starling is a fictional character who appears in the novels \\\"The Silence of the Lambs\\\" and \\\"Hannibal\\\" by Thomas Harris. In the film adaptation of \\\"The Silence of the Lambs\\\", she was played by Jodie Foster, while in the film adaptation of \\\"Hannibal\\\", she was played by Julianne Moore. Clarice Starling, as portrayed by Foster, was ranked the sixth greatest protagonist in film history on AFI's \\\"100 Years...100 Heroes and Villains\\\", making her the highest-ranking heroine. In 1991, for her portrayal of Starling she also received the Academy Award for Best Actress. In \\\"The Silence of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3364829\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Vance\",\n \"text\": \"Francisco, listing her profession as 'dramatic coach' and residing at 1045 Bush Street. From 1944 to 1951, the comedian lived in a rooming house at 1535 Pine Street in San Francisco. From 1951 until her death in 1961 she was a patient at Napa State Mental Hospital in Napa, California. She died there, aged 91, knowing only her name and that she was \\\"an actress\\\". Clarice Vance Clarice Vance \\\"née\\\" Clara Etta Black (March 14, 1870 – August 24, 1961), \\\"The Southern Singer\\\" was an American vaudeville personality from the late 19th century to about 1917. Clarice Vance was born\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3117154\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Vance\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Vance Clarice Vance \\\"née\\\" Clara Etta Black (March 14, 1870 – August 24, 1961), \\\"The Southern Singer\\\" was an American vaudeville personality from the late 19th century to about 1917. Clarice Vance was born in Ohio in 1870. She began her career in farce comedy in the early 1890s and was such a hit singing the songs interpolated into plot that she quickly won fame, singing ragtime and dialect songs as a single. When she performed with the James and Bonnie Thornton troop, he coined her, \\\"The Southern Singer\\\". She married \\\"Mose\\\" Gumble, head of Remick Music Publishing in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3117149\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Baright\",\n \"text\": \"in New York. Her term lasted only a short time, and she was unable to secure long-term appointments in following years. Despite this, she kept up her legal work, eventually becoming a formal member of the law firm Markewich, Rosenhaus, Beck, and Garfinkle. Clarice Baright Clarice Baright (1881-1961) was an American attorney and social worker. Baright was the second female and first Jewish woman to be sworn in as magistrate of New York City. Clarice Baright, born Sadie Margoles, was born in 1881 in Vienna, Austria to Elizabeth and Shussman Margoles. The family immigrated to the United States three years\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19554434\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Baright\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Baright Clarice Baright (1881-1961) was an American attorney and social worker. Baright was the second female and first Jewish woman to be sworn in as magistrate of New York City. Clarice Baright, born Sadie Margoles, was born in 1881 in Vienna, Austria to Elizabeth and Shussman Margoles. The family immigrated to the United States three years later. She married George Frances Baright, an insurance salesman, who had two children from a previous marriage. Baright attended law classes at New York University while working full-time as a clerk. She was teased for being one of a few women attending these\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19554432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Reid\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Reid Clarice D. Reid (born 1931) is an American pediatrician born in Birmingham, Alabama, who led the National Sickle Cell Disease Program at the U.S. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) at the National Institutes of Health. She went on to become the Director of Division of Blood Diseases and Resources at NHLBI. Reid was a member of the 1985-1986 Taskforce on Black and Minority Health. She has also served as President Emeritus on the American Bridge Association's Education and Charitable Foundation, and has scored a rare perfect bridge score. Clarice Reid was born in Birmingham, Alabama in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18651056\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Falcão\",\n \"text\": \"year, ended their marriage. Clarice Falcão Clarice Franco de Abreu Falcão is a Brazilian actress, singer-songwriter, screenwriter and comedian. Falcão was born in Recife, Pernambuco on 23 October 1989. She moved to São Paulo at age 4 and at age 6, she moved to Rio de Janeiro, where she has lived ever since. She was nominated for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2013 in the category of Best New Artist. She is the daughter of the writers João Falcão and Adriana Falcão, and she has two sisters Tatiana and Isabel. Clarice is also a member of a comedy group called\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17899856\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Falcão\",\n \"text\": \"Pernambuco and at Circo Voador, Rio de Janeiro, when she presented a new song called \\\"Robespierre\\\". This album represents a new “phase” of Clarice, with songs that have a different style from her first album. Clarice states that her first CD was much simpler and that was her goal when she organized it, but she knew that for a second CD, it would be important for it to be different. According to her interview to Estadão, each song in the CD \\\"Problema Meu\\\", tells a different story. Clarice and Gregório Duvivier married in January 2014, however, by November that same\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17899855\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Falcão\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Falcão Clarice Franco de Abreu Falcão is a Brazilian actress, singer-songwriter, screenwriter and comedian. Falcão was born in Recife, Pernambuco on 23 October 1989. She moved to São Paulo at age 4 and at age 6, she moved to Rio de Janeiro, where she has lived ever since. She was nominated for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2013 in the category of Best New Artist. She is the daughter of the writers João Falcão and Adriana Falcão, and she has two sisters Tatiana and Isabel. Clarice is also a member of a comedy group called Porta dos Fundos and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17899850\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Assad\",\n \"text\": \"1993, Clarice and her younger brother Rodrigo Assad moved to France to live with their father, in a home he shared with his second wife and their child Julia. Clarice studied piano and improvisation privately with Natalie Fortin, a professor from Le Conservatoire national Supérieur de Paris, and benefited also from her father's mentorship, composing and arranging numerous pieces. This was a prolific period, though short lived amidst a turbulent time. Mr. Assad's wife, who had been battling cancer, died a year later at 38. Clarice returned to Brazil with her brother. In Rio de Janeiro, between 1995-1997, Assad acted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11876716\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Orsini\",\n \"text\": \"10 children: Their children were taught by Angelo Poliziano for a time. In 1478, he wanted to teach the children humanism, Latin, and Greek, but Clarice insisted on their lessons being more religious, and being delivered in Italian. She had also removed the family and their teacher from Florence after the scare of the Pazzi conspiracy, and he chafed under the exile. In May 1479, she tried to dismiss the tutor over another change in the curriculum, though Lorenzo continued to pay him. Clarice Orsini Clarice Orsini (1450–1488) was the daughter of Jacopo Orsini, and his wife and cousin Maddalena\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10654909\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Orsini\",\n \"text\": \"Clarice Orsini Clarice Orsini (1450–1488) was the daughter of Jacopo Orsini, and his wife and cousin Maddalena Orsini. She was the wife of Lorenzo de' Medici and mother of Pope Leo X. Clarice and Lorenzo married 4 June 1469, with a four-day celebration. The marriage was arranged by Lorenzo's mother Lucrezia Tornabuoni, who wanted her eldest son to marry a woman from a noble family to enhance the social status of the Medicis. Their marriage was unusual for Florence at the time in that they were nearly the same age. Clarice's dowry was 6,000 florins. The political nature of her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10654905\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\",\n \"text\": \"album, \\\"Definitive Collection\\\", which reached number 1 in the UK Albums Chart in 2005. Paper Lace included this song on their 1974 album, \\\"Paper Lace\\\". I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5753826\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria\",\n \"text\": \"I Did What I Did for Maria \\\"I Did What I Did for Maria\\\" is a song recorded by English singer Tony Christie. It was written and produced by Mitch Murray and Peter Callander, who were also responsible for Christie's \\\"Las Vegas\\\" and \\\"Avenues and Alleyways\\\". The song is about a widower who, on the eve of his execution, recalls how he remorselessly avenged his dead wife, hence the title. It was a number 2 UK hit in June 1971, and was also a hit in Ireland, where it also reached number 2. The track later appeared on Christie's compilation\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5753825\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\",\n \"text\": \"– 0:31 16. \\\"A Little Buzz\\\" – 2:46 17. \\\"Kids Didn't Change\\\" – 0:54 18. \\\"Heaven Is Where the Heart Is\\\" – 5:03 What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8334567\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Did He Say?\",\n \"text\": \"What Did He Say? What Did He Say? is the second solo album released by bassist Victor Wooten. 1. \\\"Yo Victa\\\" – 0:07 2. \\\"What Did He Say?\\\" – 3:20 3. \\\"What You Won't Do for Love\\\" – 4:43 4. \\\"Cherokee\\\" – 1:49 5. \\\"Don't Wanna Cry\\\" – 5:07 6. \\\"The Lonliest Monk\\\" – 4:36 7. \\\"A Chance\\\" – 2:54 8. \\\"Radio W-OO-10\\\" – 1:06 9. \\\"Norwegian Wood\\\" – 4:52 10. \\\"Bro John\\\" – 4:18 11. \\\"Naima\\\" – 5:57 12. \\\"Sometimes I Laugh\\\" – 3:20 13. \\\"My Life\\\" – 4:45 14. \\\"The Sojourn of Arjuna\\\" – 6:29 15. \\\"Buzz Ntro\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8334566\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\",\n \"text\": \"I Were You I Wouldn't<nowiki>\\\"</nowiki> in January 2016 on their YouTube account, followed by \\\"Fireball\\\" in June 2016, their first songs released since 'Zanzibar III : Analog Prison'. The band was named after friend's child said the phrase 'Mommy, look what I did', about a drawing to her mother when Barry was talking to her over the phone discussing what the band's name should be. Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3994152\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cliff Barnes\",\n \"text\": \"wife, Rebecca, to dinner and expresses an interest in investing in Christopher's energy project. Christopher declines, as he thinks that Cliff just wants to antagonize the Ewings again; however, Cliff warns him not to let the Ewings destroy him like they did his adoptive mother, Pamela. When J.R. arrives at Sue Ellen's office to give her Miss Ellie's pearls, a good luck charm for her Texas gubernatorial campaign, Cliff arrives to take Sue Ellen to lunch to discuss politics. When questioned about trying to buy Southfork, Cliff announces, \\\"\\\"I will never stop fighting for what is rightfully mine\\\".\\\" In addition,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9053570\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\",\n \"text\": \"up: \\\"What Katy Did at School\\\" and \\\"What Katy Did Next\\\". Two further sequels relating the adventures of Katy's younger siblings were also published—\\\"Clover\\\" and \\\"In the High Valley\\\". The books were frequently reprinted and all are available online. Coolidge modeled Katy on her own childhood self, and the other 'Little Carrs' on her brothers and sisters. The title is a play on the katydid, a family of insects – which explains the insects on the first edition book cover. 12-year-old Katy Carr lives with her widowed father and her two brothers and three sisters in Burnet, a small midwestern\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7578085\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katy Did\",\n \"text\": \"What Katy Did What Katy Did is an 1872 children's book written by Sarah Chauncey Woolsey under her pen name Susan Coolidge. It follows the adventures of a twelve-year-old American girl, Katy Carr, and her family who live in the fictional lakeside Ohio town of Burnet in the 1860s. Katy is a tall untidy tomboy, forever getting into scrapes but wishing to be beautiful and beloved. When a terrible accident makes her an invalid, her illness and four-year recovery gradually teach her to be as good and kind as she has always wanted. Two sequels follow Katy as she grows\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7578084\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Kate Did\",\n \"text\": \"What Kate Did \\\"What Kate Did\\\" is the 34th episode of \\\"Lost\\\". It is the ninth episode of the second season. The episode was directed by Paul Edwards, and written by Steven Maeda and Craig Wright. It first aired on November 30, 2005, on ABC. The character of Kate Austen is featured in the episode's flashbacks. Kate Austen kills her alcoholic stepfather, Wayne Jansen, by blowing up his house. Kate confronts her mother, Diane Austen. Kate reveals that she took out an insurance policy under Diane's name. Later, Kate attempts to buy a ticket to Tallahassee, when she is arrested\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7347814\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\",\n \"text\": \"Festival in Turkey. The film was released on DVD in Ireland on 8 February 2013. What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16918902\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Richard Did\",\n \"text\": \"What Richard Did What Richard Did is a 2012 Irish film directed by Lenny Abrahamson and written by Malcolm Campbell. The film is loosely based on Kevin Power's \\\"Bad Day in Blackrock\\\", a fictionalised novel inspired by the real-life death of Brian Murphy in 2000. It won the best Irish film of the year award at the 10th Irish Film & Television Awards and was the most commercially successful Irish film of 2012. It has screened at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival and the BFI London Film Festival and was selected to screen at the Tribeca Film Festival in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16918894\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\",\n \"text\": \"early 20s. The story was adapted by Ellen Dryden for BBC Radio 4's Woman's Hour Drama in 2004. What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11856928\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Hetty Did\",\n \"text\": \"What Hetty Did What Hetty Did is the seventh novel by J.L. Carr, published in 1988 when he was 76 years old. The novel describes the experiences of an 18-year-old girl. Hetty Birtwisle has been brought up by adoptive parents in the Fens; after a beating by her father, discovering that she was adopted, she flees to Birmingham where she has learnt she was born and alters her surname to Beauchamp. Hetty Beauchamp comes across several characters from Carr's other novels in the boarding house in which she lives, including Emma Foxberrow, a teacher in \\\"The Harpole Report\\\" and Edward\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11856925\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Look What I Did\",\n \"text\": \"Look What I Did Look What I Did is an American post-hardcore band, formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee, USA. The music combines elements of jazz/fusion, hardcore, metal, and progressive pop punk. The band is known for its intense live show, described by Cincinnati CityBeat as a \\\"live act capable of unleashing a scary, uncontrolled intensity bordering on dangerous,\\\" and oft-satirical eccentric lyrics. Look What I Did was formed in 2001 in Nashville, Tennessee by singer Barry Donegan and guitarist Colby Shea. Miles McPherson (drums, currently drumming for Kelly Clarkson) and Chris Bradley (bass) were added before the band's first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3994147\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What I Did Right\",\n \"text\": \"daughter. All three examples are connected by a chorus stating \\\"\\\"I'll take this one day and figure out what I did right / And I'll do it the same way for the rest of my life.\\\"\\\" Deborah Evans Price of \\\"Billboard\\\" reviewed the song favorably, saying that \\\"Like 'I Hope You Dance'…the song will touch a universal chord with everyone who has experienced a moment so perfect they wish they could capture it and live it over again.\\\" What I Did Right \\\"What I Did Right\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Sons of the Desert. It\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18787754\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\",\n \"text\": \"Thomas has also appeared advising on corsets on ABC's Nightline in 2012 and in the same year was nominated for Cosmopolitan's Businesswoman of the Year. The brand recreates designs from the 1950s including the bullet bra, which has been worn by celebrities such as Madonna and Rihanna. What Katie Did are also known for their steel boned corsets. Models for the company include Bernie Dexter, Missy Malone, Jami Deadly and Miss Polly Rae. What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17247248\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Bean series\",\n \"text\": \"Kurt Tuesday (her older brother, age 16), her dad, her mother, her granddad, and her grandmother. Kurt is the oldest child followed by Marcie, Clarice, and then Minal is the youngest. Betty Moody is Clarice Bean's best friend, and they do most things together. As well as Clarice herself Betty loves the Ruby Redfort series. Betty also loves dogs and in the 1st book she got a dog from Clarice's grandad's best friend. She appears in the series wearing glasses. She and her parents traveled a lot, along with call-me-Mol and call-me-Cecil. In the last book, she moved to San\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12987070\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Katie Did (company)\",\n \"text\": \"What Katie Did (company) What Katie Did is a British lingerie design house founded in 1999 by Katie Thomas. In 1999, being unable to afford fully fashioned stockings, Thomas decided to invest in nylons to sell at The London Fetish Fair. This led to Thomas creating her own website. In 2002, What Katie Did's first reproduction of the Bullet bra was launched, the first to be produced in the country. The next year, the company opened a boutique in London Portobello. In 2010, Thomas was asked to advise on an bra of Marilyn Monroe that was put up for auction.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17247247\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Lispector\",\n \"text\": \"by New Directions Publishing and Penguin Modern Classics, the first Brazilian to enter that prestigious series. Moser, who is also the editor of her anthology \\\"The Complete Stories\\\" (2015), describes Lispector as the most important Jewish writer in the world since Kafka. Clarice Lispector was born Chaya Lispector in Chechelnyk, Podolia, a shtetl in what is today Ukraine. She was the youngest of three daughters of Pinkhas Lispector and Mania Krimgold Lispector. Her family suffered terribly in the pogroms during the Russian Civil War that followed the dissolution of the Russian Empire, circumstances later dramatized in her older sister Elisa\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2281396\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Might Have Been\",\n \"text\": \"turns out to be his long, lost love, Clarice. As they reunite, the video flashes back to the younger Clarice and Nathan sharing a kiss. This version has been played on CMT, TNN and GAC, as well as CMT's sister channel, Pure Country. \\\"What Might Have Been\\\" debuted at number 72 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of May 29, 1993. What Might Have Been \\\"What Might Have Been\\\" is a song recorded by American country music group Little Texas. It was released in May 1993 as the lead-off single from their second (and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13767566\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Shaw\",\n \"text\": \"personal interest in medical and child welfare issues. In 1916 she was appointed as the Women's Labour League representative to attend meetings of the Scottish Executive Committee of the Labour Party. There she met, worked with, and eventually married in Edinburgh in July 1918, Benjamin Howard Shaw, first Secretary of the Scottish Labour Party. The couple complemented each other in terms of political ideas and tastes, teetotalism, and temperance reform. Both she and Ben Shaw were also closely associated with the Glasgow Socialist Sunday School, of which Clarice was the national president for twenty-five years. The marriage did not produce\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8979157\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clarice Orsini\",\n \"text\": \"Colle Val d'Elsa, Passignano sul Trasimeno, and other places in the 1480s. During these visits, she was treated as a representative of her husband, an unusual role for a woman in that time and place. On 30 July 1488 she died in Florence, and was buried two days later. Her husband was not with her when she died, nor did he attend the funeral, because he himself was very ill and was in Bad Filetta near Sienna to get cured. In a letter to Pope Innocence VIII he wrote that he dearly missed his late wife. Clarice and Lorenzo had\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10654908\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["pots","pottery and porcelain","pottery maker","art ware","pottery-makers","pottery-maker","vase painting","fine art pot","clay pottery","ceramics","pottery","ceramicware","art pottery","painted vase","ceramic pot","ceramic ware","ceramics art","pot throwing","pottery-making","pottery making","ceramic paint","pottery makers","potterymaker","ceramicist","potterymaking","clay pot","pot","pottery manufacture","coil pot","history of pottery","ceramic wares","potterymakers","making a pot"],"string":"[\n \"pots\",\n \"pottery and porcelain\",\n \"pottery maker\",\n \"art ware\",\n \"pottery-makers\",\n \"pottery-maker\",\n \"vase painting\",\n \"fine art pot\",\n \"clay pottery\",\n \"ceramics\",\n \"pottery\",\n \"ceramicware\",\n \"art pottery\",\n \"painted vase\",\n \"ceramic pot\",\n \"ceramic ware\",\n \"ceramics art\",\n \"pot throwing\",\n \"pottery-making\",\n \"pottery making\",\n \"ceramic paint\",\n \"pottery makers\",\n \"potterymaker\",\n \"ceramicist\",\n \"potterymaking\",\n \"clay pot\",\n \"pot\",\n \"pottery manufacture\",\n \"coil pot\",\n \"history of pottery\",\n \"ceramic wares\",\n \"potterymakers\",\n \"making a pot\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":77,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which james bond film features a song by louis armstrong?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Motifs in the James Bond film series","text":"title sequence for \"Spectre\". A contemporary artist usually sings during the title sequence and an instrumental version of the main track may also be featured as a leitmotif during the film, which repeats in various moods. Writing for \"Rolling Stone\", Andy Greene says that \"James Bond title songs, as a rule, have the name of the movie in the chorus,\" though he notes that this is not always the case. \"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\" has an entirely instrumental credit sequence, though the film features an alternate theme, \"We Have All the Time in the World\", sung by Louis Armstrong.","psg_id":"15940295"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series\",\n \"text\": \"title sequence for \\\"Spectre\\\". A contemporary artist usually sings during the title sequence and an instrumental version of the main track may also be featured as a leitmotif during the film, which repeats in various moods. Writing for \\\"Rolling Stone\\\", Andy Greene says that \\\"James Bond title songs, as a rule, have the name of the movie in the chorus,\\\" though he notes that this is not always the case. \\\"On Her Majesty's Secret Service\\\" has an entirely instrumental credit sequence, though the film features an alternate theme, \\\"We Have All the Time in the World\\\", sung by Louis Armstrong.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15940295\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)","text":"I'm on My Way!\", a song sung by Ella Fitzgerald the previous year (1957) on the \"Porgy and Bess\" album by Fitzgerald and Armstrong. That song begins: \"Porgy and all, I'm on my way to a heav'nly lan. On My Way (Louis Armstrong song) \"On My Way\" is a Louis Armstrong song that appeared on the album \"Louis and the Good Book\" in 1958 and was issued with \"I'll String Along with You\" as a single in 1959. It features a solo section with Louis and Trummy Young. A variant of I'm on My Way (traditional song), Armstrong's version starts","psg_id":"17874942"},{"title":"James Bond (2015 film)","text":"James Bond (2015 film) James Bond (Tag line: \"Nenu Kadhu Naa Pellam\") is a 2015 Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Sai Kishore Macha and produced by Anil Sunkara under the banner A.K.Entertainments. It features Allari Naresh and Sakshi Chaudhary in the lead roles while Ashish Vidyarthi, Raghu Babu and Krishna Bhagavan appear in supporting roles. Allari Naresh has crooned his voice for a song in the movie. The film was released on 24 July 2015. The movie is loosely based on the Korean movie \"My Wife Is a Gangster\". Nani (Allari Naresh) is a simple down to","psg_id":"18858568"},{"title":"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)","text":"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song) \"On My Way\" is a Louis Armstrong song that appeared on the album \"Louis and the Good Book\" in 1958 and was issued with \"I'll String Along with You\" as a single in 1959. It features a solo section with Louis and Trummy Young. A variant of I'm on My Way (traditional song), Armstrong's version starts with \"On My Way\" or \"I'm on My Way\" (or similar phrases in various versions) and then goes into a chorus \"On my way now, got on my traveling shoes...\". The song is no relation to \"Oh, Lawd,","psg_id":"17874941"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"the time, Moby's highest-peaking single on the chart. The song features two samples of dialogue from the Bond films: Pierce Brosnan saying \"Bond, James Bond\" as heard in \"GoldenEye\", and the conversation between Bond and Auric Goldfinger in \"Goldfinger\": \"Do you expect me to talk?\" / \"No, Mr. Bond. I expect you to die.\" James Bond Theme The \"James Bond Theme\" is the main signature theme of the James Bond films and has featured in every Eon Productions Bond film since \"Dr. No\", released in 1962. The piece has been used as an accompanying fanfare to the gun barrel sequence","psg_id":"4288470"},{"title":"Motifs in the James Bond film series","text":"Motifs in the James Bond film series The \"James Bond\" series of films contain a number of repeating, distinctive motifs which date from the series' inception with \"Dr. No\" in 1962. The series consists of twenty four films produced by Eon Productions featuring the James Bond character, a fictional British Secret Service agent. The most recent instalment is the 2015 film \"Spectre\", which was released in UK cinemas on 26 October 2015. There have also been two independently made features, the satirical \"Casino Royale\", released in 1967, and the 1983 film \"Never Say Never Again\". Whilst each element has not","psg_id":"15940284"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"in a filmed interview and sang its lyrics. In 2005, Norman released an album called \"Completing the Circle\" that features \"Good Sign Bad Sign\", the \"James Bond Theme,\" and a similar-sounding song titled \"Dum Di-Di Dum Dum.\" For these songs Norman added lyrics that explain the origin and history of the \"James Bond Theme\". Though the \"James Bond Theme\" is identified with John Barry's jazz arrangement, parts of it are heard throughout Monty Norman's score for \"Dr. No\" in non-jazzy guises. Barry's arrangement is repeated (\"tracked\") in various scenes of the first Bond film. This is consistent with the account","psg_id":"4288452"},{"title":"James Bond music","text":"World\" by Louis Armstrong, have gone on to become as well known as the main themes, while other songs remain exclusively linked to the film in which they appear. Some songs have been dubbed for the foreign versions of the films. A number of songs were written as potential Bond themes but went unused. These include: Bond music has inspired a number of cover albums in a variety of genres, including the 2007 album \"Mister Bond – A Jazzy Cocktail of Ice Cold Themes\" (lounge), \"\" featuring David Arnold collaborating with several contemporary artists. The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra","psg_id":"4283811"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"Bond and the Queen were played respectively by BASE jumpers and stuntmen Mark Sutton and Gary Connery. After the film was shown, the Queen entered the stadium via conventional means and formally opened the Games. James Bond in film The James Bond film series is a British series of spy films based on the fictional character of MI6 agent James Bond, \"007\", who originally appeared in a series of books by Ian Fleming. It is one of the longest continually-running film series in history, having been in on-going production from 1962 to the present (with a six-year hiatus between 1989","psg_id":"9748544"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"Dolly!\" as the bandleader Louis. He sang the title song with actress Barbra Streisand. His solo recording of \"Hello, Dolly!\" is one of his most recognizable performances. Argentine writer Julio Cortázar, a self-described Armstrong admirer, asserted that a 1952 Louis Armstrong concert at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris played a significant role in inspiring him to create the fictional creatures called Cronopios that are the subject of a number of Cortázar's short stories. Cortázar once called Armstrong himself \"Grandísimo Cronopio\" (The Great Cronopio). There is a pivotal scene in \"Stardust Memories\" (1980) in which Woody Allen is overwhelmed by","psg_id":"242999"},{"title":"Q (James Bond)","text":"first Q who is younger than James Bond. Featured in In the 1967 version of \"Casino Royale\", Q is portrayed by Geoffrey Bayldon, but instead of outfitting James Bond, he provides gadgets for Evelyn Tremble (who is portrayed by Peter Sellers). In the film, Q is assisted by Fordyce (John Wells). The sequence parodies the regular series' outfitting, and features Q presenting Tremble with an elaborate bullet-proof vest, laden with preposterous features (\"a Beretta in the buttonhole, and a cute little mini-gun in the gusset\"). Featured in In the 1983 film \"Never Say Never Again\", Q Branch is headed by","psg_id":"713445"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"in the Academy Award-winning song \"The Windmills of Your Mind\"—and was performed by Lani Hall. Fleming's estate, financially backed by Eon Productions and MGM, made a final attempt to block the film in the High Courts in London in the spring of 1983, but this was thrown out by the court and \"Never Say Never Again\" was permitted to proceed. When \"Never Say Never Again\" was released, it grossed $9.72 million ($ million in dollars) on its first weekend, which was reported to be \"the best opening record of any \"James Bond\" film\" up to that point and surpassing \"Octopussy\"s","psg_id":"9748541"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"James Bond in film The James Bond film series is a British series of spy films based on the fictional character of MI6 agent James Bond, \"007\", who originally appeared in a series of books by Ian Fleming. It is one of the longest continually-running film series in history, having been in on-going production from 1962 to the present (with a six-year hiatus between 1989 and 1995). In that time Eon Productions has produced 24 films, most of them at Pinewood Studios. With a combined gross of over $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the fourth-highest-grossing","psg_id":"9748428"},{"title":"Jaws (James Bond)","text":"that will temporarily hold him in place, allowing time for Bond to attack him. Jaws was spoofed in Mel Brooks' 1977 film \"High Anxiety\", featuring a hired killer named Braces (played by Rudy De Luca) who is wearing large metal braces on his teeth. An unrelated character named Braces from the video games \"TimeSplitters 2\" and \"\" is also referencing Jaws. The film 2008 \"Get Smart\", which is both a parody of and an homage to the \"James Bond\" film series, features a character named Dalip (played by The Great Khali), who looks like Jaws and does his \"Moonraker\" stunt","psg_id":"3576403"},{"title":"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album)","text":"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album) Struttin' is an album by Louis Armstrong with Edmond Hall's All Stars, recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1947. The music on the album was recorded during a concert at Carnegie Hall on February 8, 1947. The music features trumpeter Louis Armstrong playing with a small group – clarinettist Edmond Hall, trumpeter \"Mousie\" Randolph, trombonist Henderson Chambers, pianist Ellis Larkins, bassist Johnny Williams, and drummer Jimmy Crawford – thus making it Armstrong's \"first major appearance in front of a small group in close to two decades\". \"Clearly, it was inspirational for Armstrong at the time: by the","psg_id":"13708852"},{"title":"James Bond","text":"have also been two independent productions of Bond films: \"Casino Royale\" (a 1967 spoof) and \"Never Say Never Again\" (a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film, \"Thunderball\"). In 2015 the series was estimated to be worth $19.9 billion, making \"James Bond\" one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time. The Bond films are renowned for a number of features, including the musical accompaniment, with the theme songs having received Academy Award nominations on several occasions, and two wins. Other important elements which run through most of the films include Bond's cars, his guns, and the gadgets with which","psg_id":"208196"},{"title":"Jaws (James Bond)","text":"attendance. Kiel also played Reace, a very similar character to Jaws (complete with metal teeth), in the 1976 film \"Silver Streak\". In \"Aces Go Places 3\", the third movie in a James Bond spoof series, Kiel plays a villain named \"Big G\", which resembles Jaws, though he has no metal teeth. The film also features an actor who resembles the character Oddjob, another James Bond bad guy. \"MythBusters\" tested the plausibility of Jaws biting through the steel cable car wire. The model based on the dentures used in the movie had little impact on the steel cable, even with a","psg_id":"3576405"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"February 1962; five days later filming began at Pinewood Studios in England with sets designed by Ken Adam, who had previously worked with Broccoli on the 1960 film \"The Trials of Oscar Wilde\". Maurice Binder created the title sequence and introduced the gun barrel motif that appears in all the Eon Bond films. Monty Norman wrote the accompanying soundtrack, which included the \"James Bond Theme\", heard in the gun barrel sequence and in a calypso medley over the title credits; the theme was described by another Bond film composer, David Arnold, as \"bebop-swing vibe coupled with that vicious, dark, distorted","psg_id":"9748438"},{"title":"James Bond (2015 film)","text":"was present as a chief guest. Aditya Music bagged the audio rights of the film. The audio was well received by the audience. But, due to the success of film Bahubali, they announced the release date as 24 July 2015. The movie was scheduled for a worldwide release on 26 June 2015. But, the release was postponed further. Later makers announced the release date as 24 July 2015. James Bond (2015 film) James Bond (Tag line: \"Nenu Kadhu Naa Pellam\") is a 2015 Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Sai Kishore Macha and produced by Anil Sunkara under","psg_id":"18858570"},{"title":"A Fine Romance (song)","text":"Lombardo. In Hollywood, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald recorded their version of the song in the summer of 1957. In 1963, Fitzgerald included a solo rendition on her Verve Records album, \"Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Jerome Kern Songbook\", produced by Norman Granz. In a version sung by Judi Dench it also became the theme song of \"A Fine Romance\", a British television series starring Dench and her husband Michael Williams. In the film \"Till the Clouds Roll By\" (1946), the song is performed by Virginia O'Brien. A recording by Lena Horne features in the film \"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen","psg_id":"8209338"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"of the funding for the Bond films, fell into financial difficulties following the box office failure of \"Heaven's Gate\" (1980), bringing uncertainty to the future of the funding. The situation was resolved in May 1981, when Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquired United Artists. Following \"For Your Eyes Only\", Roger Moore had expressed a desire to stop playing James Bond. His original contract had been for three films, a requirement fulfilled with \"The Spy Who Loved Me\". Subsequent films had been negotiated on a film-by-film basis. The producers engaged in a semi-public quest for the next actor to play Bond, which would be for","psg_id":"9748482"},{"title":"Motifs in the James Bond film series","text":"instruction was honoured by the AFI as the 90th most-memorable cinema quotation. In order to distance his version of Bond from Sean Connery's, Roger Moore did not order a martini. The martini was present in the first Ian Fleming novel, \"Casino Royale\", where Bond eventually named it \"The Vesper\", after Vesper Lynd. The same recipe was then used for the 2006 film of the novel, with the martini ordered by Daniel Craig's Bond. Motifs in the James Bond film series The \"James Bond\" series of films contain a number of repeating, distinctive motifs which date from the series' inception with","psg_id":"15940337"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"played throughout the film as a substitute for the \"James Bond Theme\". A new recording of the classic theme, titled \"The Name's Bond…James Bond\", only plays during the end credits to signal the beginning of the character's new arc as the 21st century version of James Bond. Although that is the first time the theme is played in its entirety, the first bars of the song (the chord progression) appeared as a slow background music in seven moments throughout the movie: after Bond's conversation with M (during his flight), after winning the Aston Martin, when he makes his first appearance","psg_id":"4288465"},{"title":"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album)","text":"end of 1947, he dissolved his big band and formed his own combo, also called the All-Stars, and adapted most of these songs into their repertoire.\" The AllMusic reviewer wrote that, \"While the sound quality of this disc is unfortunately primitive, the historical import of the performances overshadows the technical problems.\" Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album) Struttin' is an album by Louis Armstrong with Edmond Hall's All Stars, recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1947. The music on the album was recorded during a concert at Carnegie Hall on February 8, 1947. The music features trumpeter Louis Armstrong playing with a small","psg_id":"13708853"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"concluding bars. An electronic rhythm was added to the gunbarrel of \"The World Is Not Enough\". The typical Bond guitar line can be heard during some action scenes. The \"Die Another Day\" gunbarrel recalls the version of \"From Russia with Love\" but with a more techno-influenced rhythm. It also contains the guitar riff of the \"James Bond Theme\". Craig's first James Bond film, \"Casino Royale\", does not feature the \"James Bond Theme\" in its entirety until the very end of the movie during a climactic scene. In \"Casino Royale\", the main notes of the song \"You Know My Name\" are","psg_id":"4288464"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"listening devices. In \"Goldfinger\", the \"James Bond Theme\" can be heard on the soundtrack in \"Bond Back in Action Again\" (gunbarrel and pre-title sequence). The \"James Bond Theme\" for this movie is heavily influenced by the brassy, jazzy theme song sung by Shirley Bassey. \"Thunderball\" featured a full orchestral version of the theme in the track \"Chateau Flight\". Another full orchestral version was intended for the end titles of the film. \"You Only Live Twice\" featured a funereal orchestration with Bond's \"burial\" at sea sequence in Hong Kong harbour. A full orchestral version of the theme was used in the","psg_id":"4288458"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"Broccoli at Warwick Films expressed interest in adapting the Bond novels, but his colleague Irving Allen was unenthusiastic. In June 1961 Fleming sold a six-month option on the film rights to his published and future James Bond novels and short stories to Harry Saltzman, with the exception of \"Casino Royale\", which he had previously sold. Towards the end of Saltzman's option period, screenwriter Wolf Mankowitz introduced him to Broccoli, and Saltzman and Broccoli formed Eon Productions with the intention of making the first Bond film. A number of Hollywood studios did not want to fund the films, finding them \"too","psg_id":"9748434"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"end credits is David Arnold's \"Casino Royale\" track \"The Name's Bond…James Bond\". Despite this, the film's score was composed by Thomas Newman, who also incorporated the \"James Bond Theme\" throughout the entire film. In \"Spectre\", the theme appears at the beginning of the film as part of the opening gunbarrel sequence, indicating a return to the franchise's classic roots of 1962–2002. Over 70 cover versions of the \"James Bond Theme\" have been recorded by artists such as: American electronica musician Moby produced a remixed version of the theme entitled \"James Bond Theme (Moby's Re-Version)\" for the Bond film \"Tomorrow Never","psg_id":"4288468"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"his fourth soundtrack for the Bond film series. Producers Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli announced on 26 July 2006 that Chris Cornell would perform the title song, entitled \"You Know My Name\", which he co-wrote with Arnold. In July 2006, as \"Casino Royale\" entered post-production, Eon Productions announced that the next film would be based on an original idea by producer Michael G. Wilson. In June 2007 Marc Forster was confirmed as director. He was surprised that he was approached for the job, stating he was not a big Bond film fan through the years, and that he would","psg_id":"9748519"},{"title":"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love","text":"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love James Bond 007: From Russia with Love is a third-person shooter video game developed by EA Redwood Shores and published by Electronic Arts featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond, whose likeness and voice is that of Sean Connery. The game is based on the 1957 novel and the film of the same name. The game follows the storyline of the book and film, with adding in new scenes to make the game more action-oriented, as well as changing the affiliation of the main villains. Additionally, it features many elements of later Bond","psg_id":"4519171"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"Billie Holiday, which chronicled the demise of the Storyville district and the ensuing exodus of musicians from New Orleans to Chicago. In the 1959 film \"The Five Pennies\" he played himself, sang, and playing several classic numbers. With Danny Kaye he performed a duet of \"When the Saints Go Marching In\" during which Kaye impersonated Armstrong. He had a part in the film alongside James Stewart in \"The Glenn Miller Story\". Armstrong was the first African American to host a nationally broadcast radio show in the 1930s. In 1969, he had a cameo role in the film version of \"Hello,","psg_id":"242998"},{"title":"Motifs in the James Bond film series","text":"next film to be produced was also usually named, in the format \"James Bond will return...\" or \"James Bond will be back\", although these were sometimes incorrect: \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" promised James Bond would return in \"For Your Eyes Only\", but after the success of \"Star Wars\", the producers decided to make \"Moonraker\" instead and \"For Your Eyes Only\" followed in 1981. The first Bond film, \"Dr. No\", included the introduction of the character of James Bond. Bond was introduced in an exchange near the beginning of the film in a \"now-famous nightclub sequence featuring Sylvia Trench\", to","psg_id":"15940334"},{"title":"James Armstrong (musician)","text":"In 2001, Armstrong's song \"Pennies and Picks\" from \"Got It Goin' On\", earned him a W.C. Handy Award nomination for 'Song of the Year'. Armstrong himself was nominated for 'Contemporary Male Blues Guitarist of the Year'. \"2 Sides,\" another song from \"Got It Goin' On\" was included in the film soundtrack for \"Speechless\". Armstrong has worked with Albert Collins, Keb' Mo', Coco Montoya, Roy Brown, Chaka Khan, Ricky Lee Jones, Jan and Dean, Mitch Mitchell and Tommy Castro. Armstrong's 2011 release on Catfood Records, \"Blues At The Border\", was his first recording in 11 years. James released \"Guitar Angels\" on","psg_id":"15030235"},{"title":"Bond Girls Are Forever","text":"Bond Girls Are Forever Bond Girls Are Forever is a 2002 James Bond documentary film hosted by actress Maryam d'Abo, who had played the role of Kara Milovy in the 15th James Bond film \"The Living Daylights\". It was accompanied by a 2003 book written by John Cork and d'Abo. The book is subtitled The Women of James Bond. Both the film and the book is a tribute to the elite club of women who have played the role of a Bond girl. The TV film, which was released in November 2002 alongside \"Die Another Day\" features interviews with a","psg_id":"9976358"},{"title":"James Bond fandom","text":"part of academics, and concludes that they are not. James Bond fandom James Bond fandom is an international and informal community drawn together by Ian Fleming's \"James Bond\" series. The fandom works through the use of many different forms of media, including fan clubs, web sites and fanzines. Various Bond film shooting locations have become fan tourism locations. The first James Bond Fan Club was founded in 1972 by Richard Schenkman and Bob Forlini, two high school students from Yonkers, NY. In 1974 they began publishing a magazine called BONDAGE, which was at first mimeographed and stapled together. MI6-HQ.com was","psg_id":"11734775"},{"title":"James Bond fandom","text":"James Bond fandom James Bond fandom is an international and informal community drawn together by Ian Fleming's \"James Bond\" series. The fandom works through the use of many different forms of media, including fan clubs, web sites and fanzines. Various Bond film shooting locations have become fan tourism locations. The first James Bond Fan Club was founded in 1972 by Richard Schenkman and Bob Forlini, two high school students from Yonkers, NY. In 1974 they began publishing a magazine called BONDAGE, which was at first mimeographed and stapled together. MI6-HQ.com was founded in 1998. Press organisations and websites that mention","psg_id":"11734762"},{"title":"Saint Louis Blues (song)","text":"Ciro's Club Coon Orchestra, a group of black American artists appearing in Britain, had already recorded a version including the lyrics in September 1917. The film \"St. Louis Blues\", from 1929, featured Bessie Smith singing the song. Saint Louis Blues (song) \"Saint Louis Blues\" is a popular American song composed by W. C. Handy in the blues style and published in September 1914. It was one of the first blues songs to succeed as a pop song and remains a fundamental part of jazz musicians' repertoire. Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby, Bessie Smith, Count Basie, Glenn Miller, Guy Lombardo, and the","psg_id":"2836292"},{"title":"James Bond","text":"greatest film hero. He was also placed at number 11 on a similar list by \"Empire\" and as the fifth greatest movie character of all time by \"Premiere\". The 23 James Bond films produced by Eon Productions, which have grossed $4,910 million in box office returns alone, have made the series one of the highest-grossing ever. It is estimated that since \"Dr. No\", a quarter of the world's population have seen at least one Bond film. The UK Film Distributors' Association have stated that the importance of the Bond series of films to the British film industry cannot be overstated,","psg_id":"208238"},{"title":"Jatt James Bond","text":"and collect more than 5.5 Crore in first 2 days of the release. \"Jatt James Bond\" won eight awards at the PTC Punjabi Film Awards in 2015. Jatt James Bond Jatt James Bond or JJB is a 2014 Indian Punjabi film directed by Rohit Jugraj, and starring Gippy Grewal and Zareen Khan as leads, along with Gurpreet Ghuggi, Yashpal Sharma. The music of the film is given by Jatinder Shah. The film marks the Punjabi cinema debut of Bollywood actress Zareen Khan in her first Punjabi film. It was released on 25 April 2014. Shinda (Gippy Grewal) was mistreated by","psg_id":"17806301"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"under their arms.\" In June 1950, Suzy Delair performed rehearsals of the song \"C'est si bon\" with Aimé Barelli and his Orchestra at the Monte Carlo casino where Louis Armstrong was finishing the evening. Armstrong enjoyed the song and he recorded the American version in New York City on June 26, 1950. In the 1960s, he toured Ghana and Nigeria. After finishing his contract with Decca Records, he became a freelance artist and recorded for other labels. He continued an intense international touring schedule, but in 1959 he suffered a heart attack in Italy and had to rest. In 1964,","psg_id":"242966"},{"title":"Aki (James Bond)","text":"Bond girl,\" but in another article UGO praised her as \"Bond's super-hot guardian angel\". Den of Geek included her in their 2008 list of ten \"James Bond\" characters who deserve their own spin-off. Aki (James Bond) Aki is a fictional character created for the 1967 \"James Bond\" film \"You Only Live Twice\". In the film, Aki, played by Akiko Wakabayashi, is a female ninja agent with the fictional Japanese Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). She is a love interest and ally of James Bond's, however she is killed before the mission reaches its climax and is replaced by her fellow agent","psg_id":"7124405"},{"title":"James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing","text":"after, as well as their voice talents. In addition to Pierce Brosnan, Judi Dench and John Cleese reprised their roles from previous Bond films; the game features actors Willem Dafoe, Shannon Elizabeth, Heidi Klum and Vladimir Cuk as well as actor Richard Kiel, who played Jaws in the classic 007 films. \"Everything or Nothing\" is the second James Bond game to have its own original theme. It was performed by R&B artist Mýa, who also has a part as a Bond girl in the game. The game features a title song performed by Mýa, who also plays a character of","psg_id":"3286413"},{"title":"M (James Bond)","text":"Bond out of retirement, he orders the military to fire mortars at Bond's mansion when the retired spy refuses to return to duty. The first quarter of the film features Bond's subsequent visit to McTarry Castle in Scotland, on a quest to return the only piece of M's remains recovered after the attack—his bright red toupée. Subsequently, Bond—played by David Niven—becomes the new M and proceeds to order that all MI6 agents, male and female, be renamed \"James Bond 007\" in order to confuse the enemy. In 1983's \"Never Say Never Again\", Edward Fox played M as a bureaucrat, contemptuous","psg_id":"1878923"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"and The Edge, and was performed by Tina Turner. As Serra did not collaborate with Bono or The Edge, orchestral versions of the song did not appear throughout \"GoldenEye\", as had been the case in previous James Bond films. Before \"GoldenEye\" had been released in November 1995, MGM/UA started their preparations for Bond 18, intending for a release in early December 1997, leaving Eon Productions little time for pre-production. The producers were unable to convince Martin Campbell to return; his agent said that \"Martin just didn't want to do two Bond films in a row\". Instead, Roger Spottiswoode was chosen","psg_id":"9748503"},{"title":"James Bond","text":"\"Bond ... James Bond\", became a catch phrase that entered the lexicon of Western popular culture: writers Cork and Scivally said of the introduction in \"Dr. No\" that the \"signature introduction would become the most famous and loved film line ever\". In 2001, it was voted as the \"best-loved one-liner in cinema\" by British cinema goers, and in 2005, it was honoured as the 22nd greatest quotation in cinema history by the American Film Institute as part of their 100 Years Series. The 2005 American Film Institute's '100 Years' series recognised the character of James Bond himself as the third","psg_id":"208237"},{"title":"James Bond (ornithologist)","text":"2002 Bond film \"Die Another Day\", the fictional Bond, played by Pierce Brosnan, can be seen examining \"Birds of the West Indies\" in an early scene that takes place in Havana, Cuba. The author's name (James Bond) on the front cover is obscured. In the same film, when Bond first meets Jinx (Halle Berry), he introduces himself as an ornithologist. In the 2015 Bond film \"Spectre\", the same book was seen in a promotional on-set photo, which is supposed to be appearing in an alternate take of a scene taking place in Bond's Chelsea apartment. However, it is nowhere to","psg_id":"2232258"},{"title":"Saint Louis Blues (song)","text":"Saint Louis Blues (song) \"Saint Louis Blues\" is a popular American song composed by W. C. Handy in the blues style and published in September 1914. It was one of the first blues songs to succeed as a pop song and remains a fundamental part of jazz musicians' repertoire. Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby, Bessie Smith, Count Basie, Glenn Miller, Guy Lombardo, and the Boston Pops Orchestra are among the artists who have recorded it. The song has been called \"the jazzman's \"Hamlet\".\" The 1925 version sung by Bessie Smith, with Louis Armstrong on cornet, was inducted into the Grammy Hall","psg_id":"2836285"},{"title":"James Bond Theme","text":"James Bond Theme The \"James Bond Theme\" is the main signature theme of the James Bond films and has featured in every Eon Productions Bond film since \"Dr. No\", released in 1962. The piece has been used as an accompanying fanfare to the gun barrel sequence in almost every James Bond film. The \"James Bond Theme\" has accompanied the opening titles twice, as part of the medley that opens \"Dr. No\" and then again in the opening credits of \"From Russia with Love\" (1963). It has been used as music over the end credits for \"Dr. No\", \"Thunderball\" (1965), \"On","psg_id":"4288449"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy","text":"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy Louis Armstrong Plays W. C. Handy is a 1954 studio release by Louis Armstrong and His All Stars, described by Allmusic as \"Louis Armstrong's finest record of the 1950s\" and \"essential music for all serious jazz collections\". Columbia CD released the album on CD in 1986 in a much altered form, with alternative versions in place of many of the original songs, but restored the original with its 1997 re-issue, which also included additional tracks: a brief interview by the producer, George Avakian, with W. C. Handy; a joke told by Louis Armstrong; and several","psg_id":"10912124"},{"title":"James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire","text":"James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire is a first-person shooter video game based on the James Bond franchise. Developed and published by Electronic Arts, it was released for PlayStation 2, GameCube and Xbox game consoles. It is the fourth Bond game which is not based on a film or book in the James Bond series, following \"\", \"James Bond 007\" and EA's own \"007 Racing\". The game's story arc continues in the following sequel, \"Nightfire\", released a year later. Unlike previous Bond games which featured the likeness of then current Bond actor Pierce Brosnan,","psg_id":"4011181"},{"title":"Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report","text":"the preface and the writer–executor correspondence, Snelling stresses his preference for the literary 007, because he felt the film series’ interpretation, especially Roger Moore’s entries, abandoned the \"adult\" secret agent character Ian Fleming created; ultimately, O. F. Snelling lost interest in all things Bond. Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report (1964), by O. F. (Oswald Frederick) Snelling, is the first book-length, critical analysis of the James Bond novels, and the only such study Ian Fleming approved. It was published in August 1964, the month when Fleming died, a coincidence that earned the","psg_id":"11179990"},{"title":"James Bond: Felix Leiter","text":"comic was \"flawed but intriguing,\" but also indicated his belief that the comic would improve. Fandom Post's Chris Beveridge, who reviewed all six issues, gave the series a \"B+\" grade. James Bond: Felix Leiter James Bond: Felix Leiter is a 2017 American comic book miniseries published by Dynamite Entertainment. The series features the eponymous character, who primarily appears in Ian Fleming's James Bond novels and their movie adaptations. Written by James Robinson and illustrated by Aaron Campbell, the comic book is a spin-off from the \"James Bond\" series also published by Dynamite. The series ran from January to June 2017,","psg_id":"19814573"},{"title":"James Bond: Felix Leiter","text":"James Bond: Felix Leiter James Bond: Felix Leiter is a 2017 American comic book miniseries published by Dynamite Entertainment. The series features the eponymous character, who primarily appears in Ian Fleming's James Bond novels and their movie adaptations. Written by James Robinson and illustrated by Aaron Campbell, the comic book is a spin-off from the \"James Bond\" series also published by Dynamite. The series ran from January to June 2017, and marks the first time that Leiter received a solo adventure in any format. The miniseries was first announced in October 2016. During an interview with entertainment media news site","psg_id":"19814571"},{"title":"Aki (James Bond)","text":"Aki (James Bond) Aki is a fictional character created for the 1967 \"James Bond\" film \"You Only Live Twice\". In the film, Aki, played by Akiko Wakabayashi, is a female ninja agent with the fictional Japanese Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). She is a love interest and ally of James Bond's, however she is killed before the mission reaches its climax and is replaced by her fellow agent Kissy Suzuki. Aki does not appear in Ian Fleming's 1964 novel. She was originally named Suki in Roald Dahl's screenplay. According to \"The James Bond Films\", the character was \"Dahl's tribute to the","psg_id":"7124396"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five","text":"\"Basin Street Blues\", \"Tight Like This\", \"Saint James Infirmary\", and \"Weather Bird\". In the last named, only Armstrong and Hines are present, turning an old rag number into a tour-de-force duet. Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five The Hot Five was Louis Armstrong's first jazz recording band led under his own name. It was a typical New Orleans jazz band in instrumentation, consisting of trumpet, clarinet, and trombone backed by a rhythm section. The original New Orleans jazz style leaned heavily on collective improvisation, in which the three horns together played the lead: the trumpet played the main melody, and","psg_id":"2740384"},{"title":"James Bond in video games","text":"Corporation. The game features a story including characters from multiple James Bond films, such as Oddjob and Jaws. It also incorporates gambling minigames, such as Baccarat and Blackjack. The next Bond game, 1999's \"Tomorrow Never Dies\", based on the film \"Tomorrow Never Dies\", was the first released by Electronic Arts. Developed by Black Ops, it is a third-person shooter, released for PlayStation. The game was a financial success and received mixed reviews. The next titles, \"The World Is Not Enough\" (N64) and \"The World Is Not Enough\" (PS), are first-person shooters. However, publisher Electronic Arts, which owned the rights to","psg_id":"4602905"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"be adapted for the cinema, and he approached producer Sir Alexander Korda to make a film adaptation of either \"Live and Let Die\" or \"Moonraker\". Although Korda was initially interested, he later withdrew. On 1 October 1959, it was announced that Fleming would write an original film script featuring Bond for producer Kevin McClory. Jack Whittingham also worked on the script, culminating in a screenplay entitled \"James Bond, Secret Agent\". However, Alfred Hitchcock and Richard Burton turned down roles as director and star, respectively. McClory was unable to secure the financing for the film, and the deal fell through. Fleming","psg_id":"9748445"},{"title":"Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong collaborations","text":"Away from Me\" as well as James Warburg with Kay Swift's \"Can't We Be Friends?\". \"Ella and Louis Again\", which features nineteen songs, primarily consists as a collection of vocal duets like its predecessor. However, seven selections do involve either Armstrong or Fitzgerald singing without the other. Examples of the popular music standards done in the album include the Irving Berlin compositions \"I'm Putting All My Eggs in One Basket\" and \"I've Got My Love to Keep Me Warm\" as well as the Vernon Duke piece \"Autumn in New York\". The backing group remained the same except for Buddy Rich's","psg_id":"19364433"},{"title":"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit","text":"Bond comforts Nebula, telling her that he settled the score with the man who did her wrong, as they embrace each other with passionate sense of romance. James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit is a 1995 spy thriller comic book published by Dark Horse Comics that features Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond in the lead. Serialized in three issues, the story is written by Don McGregor and illustrated by Gary Caldwell, which also is the last Bond comic book to be published by the same company, before Topps Comics took over the publishing","psg_id":"19157043"},{"title":"James Bond (comics)","text":"in December 1962 - an adaptation of the first Bond film \"Dr. No\". Originally published by \"Classics Illustrated\" in the United Kingdom, it was later reprinted in the United States by DC Comics as part of its \"Showcase\" anthology series in January 1963. The next James Bond comic book did not appear for nearly 20 years, when Marvel Comics published a two-issue adaptation of the 1981 film \"For Your Eyes Only\" (which was also published in a single-issue magazine edition and a paperback release). Marvel later adapted the 1983 film \"Octopussy\" in magazine format. In 1989 comic books featuring Bond","psg_id":"5813187"},{"title":"Necros (James Bond)","text":"and Dave Worrall say of Necros, \"Necros is the most intriguing of the film's trio of main villains. He is a silent, humourless, but extremely handsome assassin who tends to use a Walkman as a strangulation device. The role is well played by Andreas Wisniewski, who provides the film with a much-needed sense of menace.\" Necros (James Bond) Necros is a fictional character and henchman in the 1987 James Bond film \"The Living Daylights\". He was played by Andreas Wisniewski. Tall, muscular, blond, blue-eyed and steel-jawed Necros is of the Red Grant model, common in the earlier James Bond films.","psg_id":"6244081"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong House","text":"garden was assembled and the garage was constructed by the Armstrongs. In addition the interior of the house was renovated to their taste. Ornate bathrooms, and the kitchen was not originally part of the house. Paintings and souvenirs were given to Louis Armstrong on tour from Asia, Europe to Africa. These gifts have found a home of their own on dressers, night stands, shelves and walls. Louis Armstrong House The Louis Armstrong House was the home of Louis Armstrong and his wife Lucille Wilson from 1943 until his death in 1971. Lucille gave ownership of it to the city of","psg_id":"10860313"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"the United States National Recording Registry, a registry of recordings selected yearly by the National Recording Preservation Board for preservation in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The US Open tennis tournament's former main stadium was named Louis Armstrong Stadium in honor of Armstrong who had lived a few blocks from the site. \"Congo Square\" was a common gathering place for African-Americans in New Orleans for dancing and performing music. The park where Congo Square is located was later renamed Louis Armstrong Park. Dedicated in April 1980, the park includes a 12-foot statue of Armstrong, trumpet in","psg_id":"243006"},{"title":"Motifs in the James Bond film series","text":"for the film: \"you put in three girls ... Girl number one is pro-Bond. She stays around roughly through the first reel of the picture. Then she is bumped off by the enemy, preferably in Bond's arms.\" The next girl is anti-Bond and normally captures him, but Bond will save himself by using his charm and sexual potency: she is normally killed midway through the film. Girl number three will survive and end the film in Bond's embrace. Academic Kimberly A. Neuendorf notes that James Bond promotes stereotypical, sex-typed male attitudes, especially when interacting with women and in doing so","psg_id":"15940323"},{"title":"James Bond","text":"On Spying\", which shows the villain Dr. Crow being overcome by agents who included James Bind (Charles Hawtry) and Daphne Honeybutt (Barbara Windsor). One of the films that reacted against the portrayal of Bond was the Harry Palmer series, whose first film, \"The Ipcress File\" was released in 1965. The eponymous hero of the series was what academic Jeremy Packer called an \"anti-Bond\", or what Christoph Lindner calls \"the thinking man's Bond\". The Palmer series were produced by Harry Saltzman, who also used key crew members from the Bond series, including designer Ken Adam, editor Peter R. Hunt and composer","psg_id":"208235"},{"title":"James Bond and Moonraker","text":"James Bond and Moonraker James Bond and Moonraker is a novelization by Christopher Wood of the James Bond film \"Moonraker\". Its name was changed to avoid confusion with Fleming's novel. It was released in 1979. British Secret Service agent James Bond, codename 007, must prevent Sir Hugo Drax's plan to murder the entire human race and then restart humanity from outer space. The screenplay of \"Moonraker\" differed so much from Ian Fleming's novel that Eon Productions authorised the film's screenwriter, Christopher Wood to write a novelization based upon the film, as he had done for \"The Spy Who Loved Me\".","psg_id":"4397899"},{"title":"Q (James Bond)","text":"a man (played by Alec McCowen) referred to by Bond as Algernon and Algy, though his opening line is \"Nice to know old Q can still surprise you 00s\". In the closing credits, he is named as \"Q Algy\". Q Branch itself is depicted as underfunded and ramshackle compared to the high-tech surroundings of the Eon films. Featured in Q (James Bond) Q is a fictional character in the James Bond films and film novelisations. Q (standing for Quartermaster as well as a reference to the deceptive Q-ships) is a job title, unlike M, which is a cypher for the","psg_id":"713446"},{"title":"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit","text":"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit is a 1995 spy thriller comic book published by Dark Horse Comics that features Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond in the lead. Serialized in three issues, the story is written by Don McGregor and illustrated by Gary Caldwell, which also is the last Bond comic book to be published by the same company, before Topps Comics took over the publishing rights to adapt \"GoldenEye\" in 1996 with McGregor as the writer. A recent panic from a group of mercenaries cites an arms dealer known as Rifle as","psg_id":"19157031"},{"title":"James Bond 007 (1998 video game)","text":"James Bond 007 (1998 video game) James Bond 007 is an action-adventure game featuring James Bond. The game was developed by Saffire Corporation and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy. Released on February 9, 1998, the game features a story that includes characters from multiple James Bond films, such as Oddjob and Jaws. The gameplay of \"James Bond 007\" is presented from a top-down perspective. As James Bond, the player controls an arsenal of weapons and items. Bond must use items at the appropriate place and time to either sneak past impossible odds or to solve a mission. The","psg_id":"6252557"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"famously Ella Fitzgerald. His influence upon Crosby is particularly important with regard to the subsequent development of popular music: Crosby admired and copied Armstrong, as is evident on many of his early recordings, notably \"Just One More Chance\" (1931). The \"New Grove Dictionary of Jazz\" describes Crosby's debt to Armstrong in precise detail, although it does not acknowledge Armstrong by name: Armstrong recorded two albums with Ella Fitzgerald: \"Ella and Louis\", and \"Ella and Louis Again\" for Verve Records, with the sessions featuring the backing musicianship of the Oscar Peterson Trio and drummers Buddy Rich (on the first album), and","psg_id":"242991"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"new visitors center is planned. According to literary critic Harold Bloom, \"The two great American contributions to the world's art, in the end, are Walt Whitman and, after him, Armstrong and jazz ... If I had to choose between the two, ultimately, I wouldn't. I would say that the genius of this nation at its best is indeed Walt Whitman and Louis Armstrong.\" Louis Armstrong Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, vocalist and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz. His","psg_id":"243008"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong Stadium (1978-2016)","text":"third largest stadium at the US Open, with a seating capacity of about 6,000. In 1997, the stadium was replaced as the Open's primary venue by Arthur Ashe Stadium. Armstrong Stadium was renovated again, with the top tiers of seating being removed. The stadium held close to 18,000 at its peak, but this was reduced to around 10,200 with the renovation, which also added a brick facade to match that of Ashe Stadium. The stadium was demolished in October 2016. A new 14,000-seat Louis Armstrong Stadium opened for the 2018 US Open. This new stadium features a retractable roof, the","psg_id":"5885337"},{"title":"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me","text":"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \"James Bond\" film \"The Spy Who Loved Me\", which was itself inspired to the homonimous 1962 novel by Ian Fleming. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he only gave permission for the title \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised that a novelization","psg_id":"4397903"},{"title":"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love","text":"by MGM Interactive and the last James Bond video game until the release of \"\" in 2008. \"From Russia with Love\" features a third-person multiplayer deathmatch mode. One of the changes to the plot of the video game is the absence of the villainous organisation SPECTRE, who played a vital role in the film. Due to legal issues that have plagued the James Bond film series since 1963, the organization was renamed \"OCTOPUS\" and appears to lack a central leader in the same vein as Ernst Stavro Blofeld. The SPECTRE name was tied up in a long-running dispute over the","psg_id":"4519173"},{"title":"Necros (James Bond)","text":"Necros (James Bond) Necros is a fictional character and henchman in the 1987 James Bond film \"The Living Daylights\". He was played by Andreas Wisniewski. Tall, muscular, blond, blue-eyed and steel-jawed Necros is of the Red Grant model, common in the earlier James Bond films. Over the course of the film, Necros impersonates an American jogger, a Cockney milkman, an upper-class-sounding MI6 Agent, an Austrian balloon salesman, and a doctor in Morocco. Necros, meaning 'dead' in Greek, was General Koskov's highly trained and disciplined Soviet assassin with KGB affiliations, but ultimately loyal to Koskov. His only vice seems to be","psg_id":"6244077"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy","text":"rehearsal versions of the songs. Production Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy Louis Armstrong Plays W. C. Handy is a 1954 studio release by Louis Armstrong and His All Stars, described by Allmusic as \"Louis Armstrong's finest record of the 1950s\" and \"essential music for all serious jazz collections\". Columbia CD released the album on CD in 1986 in a much altered form, with alternative versions in place of many of the original songs, but restored the original with its 1997 re-issue, which also included additional tracks: a brief interview by the producer, George Avakian, with W. C. Handy; a joke","psg_id":"10912125"},{"title":"Q (James Bond)","text":"Q (James Bond) Q is a fictional character in the James Bond films and film novelisations. Q (standing for Quartermaster as well as a reference to the deceptive Q-ships) is a job title, unlike M, which is a cypher for the character's name. He is the head of Q Branch (or later Q Division), the fictional research and development division of the British Secret Service. Q has appeared in 21 of the 24 Eon Productions James Bond films, the exceptions being \"Live and Let Die\", the 2006 \"Casino Royale\" and \"Quantum of Solace\". The character was also featured in both","psg_id":"713429"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"in Puerto Rico, while in the UK, Epsom Downs Racecourse and the Nene Valley Railway were both used. For the scenes of the fictional Russian location of Severnaya, and other effects, Derek Meddings built a number of miniature sets at Leavesden. Meddings had worked on the Bond films since \"Live and Let Die\" and died before the film's release; \"GoldenEye\" was dedicated to his memory. The soundtrack to \"GoldenEye\" was composed and performed by Éric Serra. Prolific Bond composer John Barry turned down an offer by Barbara Broccoli to score the film. The theme song, \"GoldenEye\", was written by Bono","psg_id":"9748502"},{"title":"James Bond","text":"the films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe), and the single most successful adjusted for inflation. In 1967 \"Casino Royale\" was adapted into a parody Bond film starring David Niven as Sir James Bond and Ursula Andress as Vesper Lynd. Niven had been Fleming's preference for the role of Bond. The result of a court case in the High Court in London in 1963 allowed Kevin McClory to produce a remake of \"Thunderball\" titled \"Never Say Never Again\" in 1983. The film, produced by Jack Schwartzman's Taliafilm production company and starring Sean Connery as Bond, was not part of the Eon","psg_id":"208220"},{"title":"Jatt James Bond","text":"Jatt James Bond Jatt James Bond or JJB is a 2014 Indian Punjabi film directed by Rohit Jugraj, and starring Gippy Grewal and Zareen Khan as leads, along with Gurpreet Ghuggi, Yashpal Sharma. The music of the film is given by Jatinder Shah. The film marks the Punjabi cinema debut of Bollywood actress Zareen Khan in her first Punjabi film. It was released on 25 April 2014. Shinda (Gippy Grewal) was mistreated by his relatives, so he finds other ways to have his love Laali (Zarine Khan). Shinda and his two other friends come up with a plan to solve","psg_id":"17806299"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"a U.S. record as the oldest artist to have a number one song. His 1964 song \"Bout Time\" was later featured in the film \"Bewitched\". Armstrong performed in Italy at the 1968 Sanremo Music Festival where he sang \"Mi Va di Cantare\" alongside his friend, the Eritrean-born Italian singer Lara Saint Paul. In February 1968, he also appeared with Lara Saint Paul on the Italian RAI television channel where he performed \"Grassa e Bella\", a track he sang in Italian for the Italian market and C.D.I. label. In 1968, Armstrong scored one last popular hit in the United Kingdom with","psg_id":"242995"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"Is Not Enough\"—the second Bond soundtrack he composed; Garbage sang the title song. For his work on the film, Arnold won an Ivor Novello Award. Lee Tamahori was hired to direct \"Die Another Day\"; Barbara Broccoli admired his film \"Once Were Warriors\", calling it \"a phenomenal piece of filmmaking\". Broccoli noted that she and Wilson \"sensed his genuine enthusiasm for Bond. It was simply great chemistry. Lee was the right guy and we were very, very lucky to get him\". Screenwriters Neal Purvis and Robert Wade returned and began work in the summer of 2000 with the producers. They used","psg_id":"9748510"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"the Eon series, there have been three additional productions with the character of James Bond: an American television adaptation, \"Casino Royale\" (1954), produced by CBS; a spoof, \"Casino Royale\" (1967), produced by Charles K. Feldman; and a remake of \"Thunderball\" entitled \"Never Say Never Again\" (1983), produced by Jack Schwartzman, who had obtained the rights to the film from McClory. In 1954 the American CBS television network paid Ian Fleming $1,000 ($ in dollars) for the rights to turn his first novel, \"Casino Royale\", into a one-hour television adventure as part of the dramatic anthology series \"Climax Mystery Theater\", which","psg_id":"9748432"},{"title":"James Bond in video games","text":"James Bond in video games The \"James Bond\" video game franchise is a series of predominantly shooter games and games of other genres (including role-playing and adventure games). Several games are based upon the James Bond film series and developed and published by a variety of companies, centering on Ian Fleming's fictional British MI6 agent, James Bond. The intellectual property is owned by Danjaq, LLC. In 1983, Parker Brothers released first James Bond video game, \"James Bond 007\", for multiple consoles. Since 1983, there have been numerous video games based on the films, Ian Fleming's novels, and original scripts created","psg_id":"4602903"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"praised Armstrong through strong testimonials. Duke Ellington, DownBeat magazine in 1971, said, \"If anybody was a master, it was Louis Armstrong. He was and will continue to be the embodiment of jazz.\" In 1950, Bing Crosby, the most successful vocalist of the first half of the 20th century, said, \"He is the beginning and the end of music in America.\" In the summer of 2001, in commemoration of the centennial of Armstrong's birth, New Orleans's main airport was renamed Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport. In 2002, the Louis Armstrong's Hot Five and Hot Seven recordings (1925–1928) were preserved in","psg_id":"243005"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong award","text":"Louis Armstrong award The Louis Armstrong Award, or sometimes the King Bee Award, is the \"top senior jazz award\" or highest level interscholastic award given to a musician. It is given out by high schools nationwide in the United States in recognition of \"\"outstanding musical achievement and an incredible dedication to the program\"\". Typically there is only one recipient per high school. Louis Armstrong was an American jazz musician and singer. Armstrong's influence extends well beyond jazz music, and by the end of his career in the 1960s, he was widely regarded as a profound influence on popular music in","psg_id":"14951621"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong award","text":"recipient over the years may be added. Louis Armstrong award The Louis Armstrong Award, or sometimes the King Bee Award, is the \"top senior jazz award\" or highest level interscholastic award given to a musician. It is given out by high schools nationwide in the United States in recognition of \"\"outstanding musical achievement and an incredible dedication to the program\"\". Typically there is only one recipient per high school. Louis Armstrong was an American jazz musician and singer. Armstrong's influence extends well beyond jazz music, and by the end of his career in the 1960s, he was widely regarded as","psg_id":"14951623"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"Louis Armstrong Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, vocalist and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz. His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in the history of jazz. In 2017, he was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame. Armstrong was born and raised in New Orleans. Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an \"inventive\" trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of","psg_id":"242932"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"and Roll Hall of Fame as an \"early influence\". Some of his solos from the 1950s, such as the hard rocking version of \"St. Louis Blues\" from the \"WC Handy\" album, show that the influence went in both directions. Armstrong appeared in more than a dozen Hollywood films, usually playing a bandleader or musician. His most familiar role was as the bandleader \"cum\" narrator in the 1956 musical \"High Society\" in which he sang the title song and performed a duet with Bing Crosby on \"Now You Has Jazz\". In 1947, he played himself in the movie \"New Orleans\" opposite","psg_id":"242997"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"pursue. As part of the settlement, MGM paid $10 million for the rights to \"Casino Royale\", which had come into Sony's possession. Daniel Craig played Bond in a short film, \"Happy and Glorious\", produced by Lisa Osborne for the BBC and directed by Danny Boyle as part of the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In the film Bond is summoned to Buckingham Palace by Queen Elizabeth II—played by herself—and escorts her by helicopter to the Olympic Stadium. Bond and Her Majesty jump from the helicopter into the stadium with Union Flag parachutes. For the parachute jump,","psg_id":"9748543"},{"title":"Louis Armstrong","text":"Joe Glaser in the Carroll Dickerson Orchestra, with Earl Hines on piano, which was renamed Louis Armstrong and his Stompers, though Hines was the music director and Glaser managed the orchestra. Hines and Armstrong became fast friends and successful collaborators. In the first half of 1927, Armstrong assembled his Hot Seven group, which added drummer Al \"Baby\" Dodds and tuba player, Pete Briggs, while preserving most of his original Hot Five lineup. John Thomas replaced Kid Ory on trombone. Later that year he organized a series of new Hot Five sessions which resulted in nine more records. In the last","psg_id":"242953"},{"title":"James Bond Jr.","text":"12-issue comic book series by Marvel Comics published in 1992, and video games for the Nintendo Entertainment System and Super NES. While revolving around the nephew of James Bond, no surviving relatives are mentioned in Fleming's novels, although he unknowingly conceives a child with the former Japanese film actress Kissy Suzuki in \"You Only Live Twice\". The animated series, produced by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation, debuted on 30 September 1991, with a total of 65 half-hour episodes produced. James Bond Jr. was voiced by Corey Burton. While attending prep school at Warfield Academy, James Bond Jr., with the help of","psg_id":"1547233"},{"title":"Hello, Dolly! (song)","text":"also performed the song (together with Barbra Streisand) in the popular 1969 film \"Hello, Dolly!\". \"Hello, Dolly!\" is a pop standard, and has been covered by many artists, including: Frank Sinatra's rendition of the song, recorded with the Count Basie Orchestra, features new lyrics, improvised by Sinatra, which pay tribute to Louis Armstrong. Lyndon B. Johnson used the tune, rechristened \"Hello, Lyndon!\", as a campaign song for his run in the 1964 U.S. presidential election. This version of the song was performed by Carol Channing at that year's Democratic National Convention, and a recording was made by Ed Ames for","psg_id":"5129433"},{"title":"James Bond in film","text":"process. Connery, however, was somewhat resigned to the project, lacking the enthusiasm he sported for \"Thunderball\". A press conference on his arrival had been tense, \"soured by aggressive questioning of Connery's crumpled, jet-lagged appearance\". Primary and secondary photography finished in December; the special effects filming for the space scenes were undertaken between January and March 1967, prior to the film's release on 12 June. The cinema posters for the film stated \"Sean Connery IS James Bond\", to distance the Eon-produced picture from the independent \"Casino Royale\", which had been released two months earlier. However, during the production, Connery announced that","psg_id":"9748453"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)\",\n \"text\": \"I'm on My Way!\\\", a song sung by Ella Fitzgerald the previous year (1957) on the \\\"Porgy and Bess\\\" album by Fitzgerald and Armstrong. That song begins: \\\"Porgy and all, I'm on my way to a heav'nly lan. On My Way (Louis Armstrong song) \\\"On My Way\\\" is a Louis Armstrong song that appeared on the album \\\"Louis and the Good Book\\\" in 1958 and was issued with \\\"I'll String Along with You\\\" as a single in 1959. It features a solo section with Louis and Trummy Young. A variant of I'm on My Way (traditional song), Armstrong's version starts\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17874942\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond (2015 film)\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond (2015 film) James Bond (Tag line: \\\"Nenu Kadhu Naa Pellam\\\") is a 2015 Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Sai Kishore Macha and produced by Anil Sunkara under the banner A.K.Entertainments. It features Allari Naresh and Sakshi Chaudhary in the lead roles while Ashish Vidyarthi, Raghu Babu and Krishna Bhagavan appear in supporting roles. Allari Naresh has crooned his voice for a song in the movie. The film was released on 24 July 2015. The movie is loosely based on the Korean movie \\\"My Wife Is a Gangster\\\". Nani (Allari Naresh) is a simple down to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18858568\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)\",\n \"text\": \"On My Way (Louis Armstrong song) \\\"On My Way\\\" is a Louis Armstrong song that appeared on the album \\\"Louis and the Good Book\\\" in 1958 and was issued with \\\"I'll String Along with You\\\" as a single in 1959. It features a solo section with Louis and Trummy Young. A variant of I'm on My Way (traditional song), Armstrong's version starts with \\\"On My Way\\\" or \\\"I'm on My Way\\\" (or similar phrases in various versions) and then goes into a chorus \\\"On my way now, got on my traveling shoes...\\\". The song is no relation to \\\"Oh, Lawd,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17874941\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"the time, Moby's highest-peaking single on the chart. The song features two samples of dialogue from the Bond films: Pierce Brosnan saying \\\"Bond, James Bond\\\" as heard in \\\"GoldenEye\\\", and the conversation between Bond and Auric Goldfinger in \\\"Goldfinger\\\": \\\"Do you expect me to talk?\\\" / \\\"No, Mr. Bond. I expect you to die.\\\" James Bond Theme The \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" is the main signature theme of the James Bond films and has featured in every Eon Productions Bond film since \\\"Dr. No\\\", released in 1962. The piece has been used as an accompanying fanfare to the gun barrel sequence\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288470\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series\",\n \"text\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series The \\\"James Bond\\\" series of films contain a number of repeating, distinctive motifs which date from the series' inception with \\\"Dr. No\\\" in 1962. The series consists of twenty four films produced by Eon Productions featuring the James Bond character, a fictional British Secret Service agent. The most recent instalment is the 2015 film \\\"Spectre\\\", which was released in UK cinemas on 26 October 2015. There have also been two independently made features, the satirical \\\"Casino Royale\\\", released in 1967, and the 1983 film \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\". Whilst each element has not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15940284\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"in a filmed interview and sang its lyrics. In 2005, Norman released an album called \\\"Completing the Circle\\\" that features \\\"Good Sign Bad Sign\\\", the \\\"James Bond Theme,\\\" and a similar-sounding song titled \\\"Dum Di-Di Dum Dum.\\\" For these songs Norman added lyrics that explain the origin and history of the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\". Though the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" is identified with John Barry's jazz arrangement, parts of it are heard throughout Monty Norman's score for \\\"Dr. No\\\" in non-jazzy guises. Barry's arrangement is repeated (\\\"tracked\\\") in various scenes of the first Bond film. This is consistent with the account\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288452\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond music\",\n \"text\": \"World\\\" by Louis Armstrong, have gone on to become as well known as the main themes, while other songs remain exclusively linked to the film in which they appear. Some songs have been dubbed for the foreign versions of the films. A number of songs were written as potential Bond themes but went unused. These include: Bond music has inspired a number of cover albums in a variety of genres, including the 2007 album \\\"Mister Bond – A Jazzy Cocktail of Ice Cold Themes\\\" (lounge), \\\"\\\" featuring David Arnold collaborating with several contemporary artists. The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4283811\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"Bond and the Queen were played respectively by BASE jumpers and stuntmen Mark Sutton and Gary Connery. After the film was shown, the Queen entered the stadium via conventional means and formally opened the Games. James Bond in film The James Bond film series is a British series of spy films based on the fictional character of MI6 agent James Bond, \\\"007\\\", who originally appeared in a series of books by Ian Fleming. It is one of the longest continually-running film series in history, having been in on-going production from 1962 to the present (with a six-year hiatus between 1989\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748544\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Dolly!\\\" as the bandleader Louis. He sang the title song with actress Barbra Streisand. His solo recording of \\\"Hello, Dolly!\\\" is one of his most recognizable performances. Argentine writer Julio Cortázar, a self-described Armstrong admirer, asserted that a 1952 Louis Armstrong concert at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris played a significant role in inspiring him to create the fictional creatures called Cronopios that are the subject of a number of Cortázar's short stories. Cortázar once called Armstrong himself \\\"Grandísimo Cronopio\\\" (The Great Cronopio). There is a pivotal scene in \\\"Stardust Memories\\\" (1980) in which Woody Allen is overwhelmed by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242999\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Q (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"first Q who is younger than James Bond. Featured in In the 1967 version of \\\"Casino Royale\\\", Q is portrayed by Geoffrey Bayldon, but instead of outfitting James Bond, he provides gadgets for Evelyn Tremble (who is portrayed by Peter Sellers). In the film, Q is assisted by Fordyce (John Wells). The sequence parodies the regular series' outfitting, and features Q presenting Tremble with an elaborate bullet-proof vest, laden with preposterous features (\\\"a Beretta in the buttonhole, and a cute little mini-gun in the gusset\\\"). Featured in In the 1983 film \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\", Q Branch is headed by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"713445\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"in the Academy Award-winning song \\\"The Windmills of Your Mind\\\"—and was performed by Lani Hall. Fleming's estate, financially backed by Eon Productions and MGM, made a final attempt to block the film in the High Courts in London in the spring of 1983, but this was thrown out by the court and \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\" was permitted to proceed. When \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\" was released, it grossed $9.72 million ($ million in dollars) on its first weekend, which was reported to be \\\"the best opening record of any \\\"James Bond\\\" film\\\" up to that point and surpassing \\\"Octopussy\\\"s\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748541\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond in film The James Bond film series is a British series of spy films based on the fictional character of MI6 agent James Bond, \\\"007\\\", who originally appeared in a series of books by Ian Fleming. It is one of the longest continually-running film series in history, having been in on-going production from 1962 to the present (with a six-year hiatus between 1989 and 1995). In that time Eon Productions has produced 24 films, most of them at Pinewood Studios. With a combined gross of over $7 billion to date, the films produced by Eon constitute the fourth-highest-grossing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jaws (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"that will temporarily hold him in place, allowing time for Bond to attack him. Jaws was spoofed in Mel Brooks' 1977 film \\\"High Anxiety\\\", featuring a hired killer named Braces (played by Rudy De Luca) who is wearing large metal braces on his teeth. An unrelated character named Braces from the video games \\\"TimeSplitters 2\\\" and \\\"\\\" is also referencing Jaws. The film 2008 \\\"Get Smart\\\", which is both a parody of and an homage to the \\\"James Bond\\\" film series, features a character named Dalip (played by The Great Khali), who looks like Jaws and does his \\\"Moonraker\\\" stunt\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3576403\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album)\",\n \"text\": \"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album) Struttin' is an album by Louis Armstrong with Edmond Hall's All Stars, recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1947. The music on the album was recorded during a concert at Carnegie Hall on February 8, 1947. The music features trumpeter Louis Armstrong playing with a small group – clarinettist Edmond Hall, trumpeter \\\"Mousie\\\" Randolph, trombonist Henderson Chambers, pianist Ellis Larkins, bassist Johnny Williams, and drummer Jimmy Crawford – thus making it Armstrong's \\\"first major appearance in front of a small group in close to two decades\\\". \\\"Clearly, it was inspirational for Armstrong at the time: by the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13708852\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"have also been two independent productions of Bond films: \\\"Casino Royale\\\" (a 1967 spoof) and \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\" (a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film, \\\"Thunderball\\\"). In 2015 the series was estimated to be worth $19.9 billion, making \\\"James Bond\\\" one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time. The Bond films are renowned for a number of features, including the musical accompaniment, with the theme songs having received Academy Award nominations on several occasions, and two wins. Other important elements which run through most of the films include Bond's cars, his guns, and the gadgets with which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"208196\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jaws (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"attendance. Kiel also played Reace, a very similar character to Jaws (complete with metal teeth), in the 1976 film \\\"Silver Streak\\\". In \\\"Aces Go Places 3\\\", the third movie in a James Bond spoof series, Kiel plays a villain named \\\"Big G\\\", which resembles Jaws, though he has no metal teeth. The film also features an actor who resembles the character Oddjob, another James Bond bad guy. \\\"MythBusters\\\" tested the plausibility of Jaws biting through the steel cable car wire. The model based on the dentures used in the movie had little impact on the steel cable, even with a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3576405\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"February 1962; five days later filming began at Pinewood Studios in England with sets designed by Ken Adam, who had previously worked with Broccoli on the 1960 film \\\"The Trials of Oscar Wilde\\\". Maurice Binder created the title sequence and introduced the gun barrel motif that appears in all the Eon Bond films. Monty Norman wrote the accompanying soundtrack, which included the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\", heard in the gun barrel sequence and in a calypso medley over the title credits; the theme was described by another Bond film composer, David Arnold, as \\\"bebop-swing vibe coupled with that vicious, dark, distorted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748438\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond (2015 film)\",\n \"text\": \"was present as a chief guest. Aditya Music bagged the audio rights of the film. The audio was well received by the audience. But, due to the success of film Bahubali, they announced the release date as 24 July 2015. The movie was scheduled for a worldwide release on 26 June 2015. But, the release was postponed further. Later makers announced the release date as 24 July 2015. James Bond (2015 film) James Bond (Tag line: \\\"Nenu Kadhu Naa Pellam\\\") is a 2015 Telugu action comedy film written and directed by Sai Kishore Macha and produced by Anil Sunkara under\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18858570\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Fine Romance (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Lombardo. In Hollywood, Louis Armstrong and Ella Fitzgerald recorded their version of the song in the summer of 1957. In 1963, Fitzgerald included a solo rendition on her Verve Records album, \\\"Ella Fitzgerald Sings the Jerome Kern Songbook\\\", produced by Norman Granz. In a version sung by Judi Dench it also became the theme song of \\\"A Fine Romance\\\", a British television series starring Dench and her husband Michael Williams. In the film \\\"Till the Clouds Roll By\\\" (1946), the song is performed by Virginia O'Brien. A recording by Lena Horne features in the film \\\"The Adventures of Priscilla, Queen\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8209338\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"of the funding for the Bond films, fell into financial difficulties following the box office failure of \\\"Heaven's Gate\\\" (1980), bringing uncertainty to the future of the funding. The situation was resolved in May 1981, when Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer acquired United Artists. Following \\\"For Your Eyes Only\\\", Roger Moore had expressed a desire to stop playing James Bond. His original contract had been for three films, a requirement fulfilled with \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\". Subsequent films had been negotiated on a film-by-film basis. The producers engaged in a semi-public quest for the next actor to play Bond, which would be for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748482\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series\",\n \"text\": \"instruction was honoured by the AFI as the 90th most-memorable cinema quotation. In order to distance his version of Bond from Sean Connery's, Roger Moore did not order a martini. The martini was present in the first Ian Fleming novel, \\\"Casino Royale\\\", where Bond eventually named it \\\"The Vesper\\\", after Vesper Lynd. The same recipe was then used for the 2006 film of the novel, with the martini ordered by Daniel Craig's Bond. Motifs in the James Bond film series The \\\"James Bond\\\" series of films contain a number of repeating, distinctive motifs which date from the series' inception with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15940337\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"played throughout the film as a substitute for the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\". A new recording of the classic theme, titled \\\"The Name's Bond…James Bond\\\", only plays during the end credits to signal the beginning of the character's new arc as the 21st century version of James Bond. Although that is the first time the theme is played in its entirety, the first bars of the song (the chord progression) appeared as a slow background music in seven moments throughout the movie: after Bond's conversation with M (during his flight), after winning the Aston Martin, when he makes his first appearance\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288465\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album)\",\n \"text\": \"end of 1947, he dissolved his big band and formed his own combo, also called the All-Stars, and adapted most of these songs into their repertoire.\\\" The AllMusic reviewer wrote that, \\\"While the sound quality of this disc is unfortunately primitive, the historical import of the performances overshadows the technical problems.\\\" Struttin' (Louis Armstrong album) Struttin' is an album by Louis Armstrong with Edmond Hall's All Stars, recorded at Carnegie Hall in 1947. The music on the album was recorded during a concert at Carnegie Hall on February 8, 1947. The music features trumpeter Louis Armstrong playing with a small\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13708853\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"concluding bars. An electronic rhythm was added to the gunbarrel of \\\"The World Is Not Enough\\\". The typical Bond guitar line can be heard during some action scenes. The \\\"Die Another Day\\\" gunbarrel recalls the version of \\\"From Russia with Love\\\" but with a more techno-influenced rhythm. It also contains the guitar riff of the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\". Craig's first James Bond film, \\\"Casino Royale\\\", does not feature the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" in its entirety until the very end of the movie during a climactic scene. In \\\"Casino Royale\\\", the main notes of the song \\\"You Know My Name\\\" are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288464\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"listening devices. In \\\"Goldfinger\\\", the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" can be heard on the soundtrack in \\\"Bond Back in Action Again\\\" (gunbarrel and pre-title sequence). The \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" for this movie is heavily influenced by the brassy, jazzy theme song sung by Shirley Bassey. \\\"Thunderball\\\" featured a full orchestral version of the theme in the track \\\"Chateau Flight\\\". Another full orchestral version was intended for the end titles of the film. \\\"You Only Live Twice\\\" featured a funereal orchestration with Bond's \\\"burial\\\" at sea sequence in Hong Kong harbour. A full orchestral version of the theme was used in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"Broccoli at Warwick Films expressed interest in adapting the Bond novels, but his colleague Irving Allen was unenthusiastic. In June 1961 Fleming sold a six-month option on the film rights to his published and future James Bond novels and short stories to Harry Saltzman, with the exception of \\\"Casino Royale\\\", which he had previously sold. Towards the end of Saltzman's option period, screenwriter Wolf Mankowitz introduced him to Broccoli, and Saltzman and Broccoli formed Eon Productions with the intention of making the first Bond film. A number of Hollywood studios did not want to fund the films, finding them \\\"too\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748434\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"end credits is David Arnold's \\\"Casino Royale\\\" track \\\"The Name's Bond…James Bond\\\". Despite this, the film's score was composed by Thomas Newman, who also incorporated the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" throughout the entire film. In \\\"Spectre\\\", the theme appears at the beginning of the film as part of the opening gunbarrel sequence, indicating a return to the franchise's classic roots of 1962–2002. Over 70 cover versions of the \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" have been recorded by artists such as: American electronica musician Moby produced a remixed version of the theme entitled \\\"James Bond Theme (Moby's Re-Version)\\\" for the Bond film \\\"Tomorrow Never\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288468\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"his fourth soundtrack for the Bond film series. Producers Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli announced on 26 July 2006 that Chris Cornell would perform the title song, entitled \\\"You Know My Name\\\", which he co-wrote with Arnold. In July 2006, as \\\"Casino Royale\\\" entered post-production, Eon Productions announced that the next film would be based on an original idea by producer Michael G. Wilson. In June 2007 Marc Forster was confirmed as director. He was surprised that he was approached for the job, stating he was not a big Bond film fan through the years, and that he would\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748519\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love James Bond 007: From Russia with Love is a third-person shooter video game developed by EA Redwood Shores and published by Electronic Arts featuring Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond, whose likeness and voice is that of Sean Connery. The game is based on the 1957 novel and the film of the same name. The game follows the storyline of the book and film, with adding in new scenes to make the game more action-oriented, as well as changing the affiliation of the main villains. Additionally, it features many elements of later Bond\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4519171\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Billie Holiday, which chronicled the demise of the Storyville district and the ensuing exodus of musicians from New Orleans to Chicago. In the 1959 film \\\"The Five Pennies\\\" he played himself, sang, and playing several classic numbers. With Danny Kaye he performed a duet of \\\"When the Saints Go Marching In\\\" during which Kaye impersonated Armstrong. He had a part in the film alongside James Stewart in \\\"The Glenn Miller Story\\\". Armstrong was the first African American to host a nationally broadcast radio show in the 1930s. In 1969, he had a cameo role in the film version of \\\"Hello,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242998\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series\",\n \"text\": \"next film to be produced was also usually named, in the format \\\"James Bond will return...\\\" or \\\"James Bond will be back\\\", although these were sometimes incorrect: \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" promised James Bond would return in \\\"For Your Eyes Only\\\", but after the success of \\\"Star Wars\\\", the producers decided to make \\\"Moonraker\\\" instead and \\\"For Your Eyes Only\\\" followed in 1981. The first Bond film, \\\"Dr. No\\\", included the introduction of the character of James Bond. Bond was introduced in an exchange near the beginning of the film in a \\\"now-famous nightclub sequence featuring Sylvia Trench\\\", to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15940334\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Armstrong (musician)\",\n \"text\": \"In 2001, Armstrong's song \\\"Pennies and Picks\\\" from \\\"Got It Goin' On\\\", earned him a W.C. Handy Award nomination for 'Song of the Year'. Armstrong himself was nominated for 'Contemporary Male Blues Guitarist of the Year'. \\\"2 Sides,\\\" another song from \\\"Got It Goin' On\\\" was included in the film soundtrack for \\\"Speechless\\\". Armstrong has worked with Albert Collins, Keb' Mo', Coco Montoya, Roy Brown, Chaka Khan, Ricky Lee Jones, Jan and Dean, Mitch Mitchell and Tommy Castro. Armstrong's 2011 release on Catfood Records, \\\"Blues At The Border\\\", was his first recording in 11 years. James released \\\"Guitar Angels\\\" on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15030235\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Bond Girls Are Forever\",\n \"text\": \"Bond Girls Are Forever Bond Girls Are Forever is a 2002 James Bond documentary film hosted by actress Maryam d'Abo, who had played the role of Kara Milovy in the 15th James Bond film \\\"The Living Daylights\\\". It was accompanied by a 2003 book written by John Cork and d'Abo. The book is subtitled The Women of James Bond. Both the film and the book is a tribute to the elite club of women who have played the role of a Bond girl. The TV film, which was released in November 2002 alongside \\\"Die Another Day\\\" features interviews with a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9976358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond fandom\",\n \"text\": \"part of academics, and concludes that they are not. James Bond fandom James Bond fandom is an international and informal community drawn together by Ian Fleming's \\\"James Bond\\\" series. The fandom works through the use of many different forms of media, including fan clubs, web sites and fanzines. Various Bond film shooting locations have become fan tourism locations. The first James Bond Fan Club was founded in 1972 by Richard Schenkman and Bob Forlini, two high school students from Yonkers, NY. In 1974 they began publishing a magazine called BONDAGE, which was at first mimeographed and stapled together. MI6-HQ.com was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11734775\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond fandom\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond fandom James Bond fandom is an international and informal community drawn together by Ian Fleming's \\\"James Bond\\\" series. The fandom works through the use of many different forms of media, including fan clubs, web sites and fanzines. Various Bond film shooting locations have become fan tourism locations. The first James Bond Fan Club was founded in 1972 by Richard Schenkman and Bob Forlini, two high school students from Yonkers, NY. In 1974 they began publishing a magazine called BONDAGE, which was at first mimeographed and stapled together. MI6-HQ.com was founded in 1998. Press organisations and websites that mention\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11734762\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Saint Louis Blues (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Ciro's Club Coon Orchestra, a group of black American artists appearing in Britain, had already recorded a version including the lyrics in September 1917. The film \\\"St. Louis Blues\\\", from 1929, featured Bessie Smith singing the song. Saint Louis Blues (song) \\\"Saint Louis Blues\\\" is a popular American song composed by W. C. Handy in the blues style and published in September 1914. It was one of the first blues songs to succeed as a pop song and remains a fundamental part of jazz musicians' repertoire. Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby, Bessie Smith, Count Basie, Glenn Miller, Guy Lombardo, and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2836292\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"greatest film hero. He was also placed at number 11 on a similar list by \\\"Empire\\\" and as the fifth greatest movie character of all time by \\\"Premiere\\\". The 23 James Bond films produced by Eon Productions, which have grossed $4,910 million in box office returns alone, have made the series one of the highest-grossing ever. It is estimated that since \\\"Dr. No\\\", a quarter of the world's population have seen at least one Bond film. The UK Film Distributors' Association have stated that the importance of the Bond series of films to the British film industry cannot be overstated,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"208238\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jatt James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"and collect more than 5.5 Crore in first 2 days of the release. \\\"Jatt James Bond\\\" won eight awards at the PTC Punjabi Film Awards in 2015. Jatt James Bond Jatt James Bond or JJB is a 2014 Indian Punjabi film directed by Rohit Jugraj, and starring Gippy Grewal and Zareen Khan as leads, along with Gurpreet Ghuggi, Yashpal Sharma. The music of the film is given by Jatinder Shah. The film marks the Punjabi cinema debut of Bollywood actress Zareen Khan in her first Punjabi film. It was released on 25 April 2014. Shinda (Gippy Grewal) was mistreated by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17806301\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"under their arms.\\\" In June 1950, Suzy Delair performed rehearsals of the song \\\"C'est si bon\\\" with Aimé Barelli and his Orchestra at the Monte Carlo casino where Louis Armstrong was finishing the evening. Armstrong enjoyed the song and he recorded the American version in New York City on June 26, 1950. In the 1960s, he toured Ghana and Nigeria. After finishing his contract with Decca Records, he became a freelance artist and recorded for other labels. He continued an intense international touring schedule, but in 1959 he suffered a heart attack in Italy and had to rest. In 1964,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242966\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aki (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"Bond girl,\\\" but in another article UGO praised her as \\\"Bond's super-hot guardian angel\\\". Den of Geek included her in their 2008 list of ten \\\"James Bond\\\" characters who deserve their own spin-off. Aki (James Bond) Aki is a fictional character created for the 1967 \\\"James Bond\\\" film \\\"You Only Live Twice\\\". In the film, Aki, played by Akiko Wakabayashi, is a female ninja agent with the fictional Japanese Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). She is a love interest and ally of James Bond's, however she is killed before the mission reaches its climax and is replaced by her fellow agent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7124405\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: Everything or Nothing\",\n \"text\": \"after, as well as their voice talents. In addition to Pierce Brosnan, Judi Dench and John Cleese reprised their roles from previous Bond films; the game features actors Willem Dafoe, Shannon Elizabeth, Heidi Klum and Vladimir Cuk as well as actor Richard Kiel, who played Jaws in the classic 007 films. \\\"Everything or Nothing\\\" is the second James Bond game to have its own original theme. It was performed by R&B artist Mýa, who also has a part as a Bond girl in the game. The game features a title song performed by Mýa, who also plays a character of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3286413\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"M (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"Bond out of retirement, he orders the military to fire mortars at Bond's mansion when the retired spy refuses to return to duty. The first quarter of the film features Bond's subsequent visit to McTarry Castle in Scotland, on a quest to return the only piece of M's remains recovered after the attack—his bright red toupée. Subsequently, Bond—played by David Niven—becomes the new M and proceeds to order that all MI6 agents, male and female, be renamed \\\"James Bond 007\\\" in order to confuse the enemy. In 1983's \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\", Edward Fox played M as a bureaucrat, contemptuous\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1878923\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"and The Edge, and was performed by Tina Turner. As Serra did not collaborate with Bono or The Edge, orchestral versions of the song did not appear throughout \\\"GoldenEye\\\", as had been the case in previous James Bond films. Before \\\"GoldenEye\\\" had been released in November 1995, MGM/UA started their preparations for Bond 18, intending for a release in early December 1997, leaving Eon Productions little time for pre-production. The producers were unable to convince Martin Campbell to return; his agent said that \\\"Martin just didn't want to do two Bond films in a row\\\". Instead, Roger Spottiswoode was chosen\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748503\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Bond ... James Bond\\\", became a catch phrase that entered the lexicon of Western popular culture: writers Cork and Scivally said of the introduction in \\\"Dr. No\\\" that the \\\"signature introduction would become the most famous and loved film line ever\\\". In 2001, it was voted as the \\\"best-loved one-liner in cinema\\\" by British cinema goers, and in 2005, it was honoured as the 22nd greatest quotation in cinema history by the American Film Institute as part of their 100 Years Series. The 2005 American Film Institute's '100 Years' series recognised the character of James Bond himself as the third\",\n \"psg_id\": \"208237\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond (ornithologist)\",\n \"text\": \"2002 Bond film \\\"Die Another Day\\\", the fictional Bond, played by Pierce Brosnan, can be seen examining \\\"Birds of the West Indies\\\" in an early scene that takes place in Havana, Cuba. The author's name (James Bond) on the front cover is obscured. In the same film, when Bond first meets Jinx (Halle Berry), he introduces himself as an ornithologist. In the 2015 Bond film \\\"Spectre\\\", the same book was seen in a promotional on-set photo, which is supposed to be appearing in an alternate take of a scene taking place in Bond's Chelsea apartment. However, it is nowhere to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2232258\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Saint Louis Blues (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Saint Louis Blues (song) \\\"Saint Louis Blues\\\" is a popular American song composed by W. C. Handy in the blues style and published in September 1914. It was one of the first blues songs to succeed as a pop song and remains a fundamental part of jazz musicians' repertoire. Louis Armstrong, Bing Crosby, Bessie Smith, Count Basie, Glenn Miller, Guy Lombardo, and the Boston Pops Orchestra are among the artists who have recorded it. The song has been called \\\"the jazzman's \\\"Hamlet\\\".\\\" The 1925 version sung by Bessie Smith, with Louis Armstrong on cornet, was inducted into the Grammy Hall\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2836285\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Theme\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond Theme The \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" is the main signature theme of the James Bond films and has featured in every Eon Productions Bond film since \\\"Dr. No\\\", released in 1962. The piece has been used as an accompanying fanfare to the gun barrel sequence in almost every James Bond film. The \\\"James Bond Theme\\\" has accompanied the opening titles twice, as part of the medley that opens \\\"Dr. No\\\" and then again in the opening credits of \\\"From Russia with Love\\\" (1963). It has been used as music over the end credits for \\\"Dr. No\\\", \\\"Thunderball\\\" (1965), \\\"On\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4288449\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy\",\n \"text\": \"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy Louis Armstrong Plays W. C. Handy is a 1954 studio release by Louis Armstrong and His All Stars, described by Allmusic as \\\"Louis Armstrong's finest record of the 1950s\\\" and \\\"essential music for all serious jazz collections\\\". Columbia CD released the album on CD in 1986 in a much altered form, with alternative versions in place of many of the original songs, but restored the original with its 1997 re-issue, which also included additional tracks: a brief interview by the producer, George Avakian, with W. C. Handy; a joke told by Louis Armstrong; and several\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10912124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire James Bond 007: Agent Under Fire is a first-person shooter video game based on the James Bond franchise. Developed and published by Electronic Arts, it was released for PlayStation 2, GameCube and Xbox game consoles. It is the fourth Bond game which is not based on a film or book in the James Bond series, following \\\"\\\", \\\"James Bond 007\\\" and EA's own \\\"007 Racing\\\". The game's story arc continues in the following sequel, \\\"Nightfire\\\", released a year later. Unlike previous Bond games which featured the likeness of then current Bond actor Pierce Brosnan,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4011181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report\",\n \"text\": \"the preface and the writer–executor correspondence, Snelling stresses his preference for the literary 007, because he felt the film series’ interpretation, especially Roger Moore’s entries, abandoned the \\\"adult\\\" secret agent character Ian Fleming created; ultimately, O. F. Snelling lost interest in all things Bond. Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report (1964), by O. F. (Oswald Frederick) Snelling, is the first book-length, critical analysis of the James Bond novels, and the only such study Ian Fleming approved. It was published in August 1964, the month when Fleming died, a coincidence that earned the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11179990\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond: Felix Leiter\",\n \"text\": \"comic was \\\"flawed but intriguing,\\\" but also indicated his belief that the comic would improve. Fandom Post's Chris Beveridge, who reviewed all six issues, gave the series a \\\"B+\\\" grade. James Bond: Felix Leiter James Bond: Felix Leiter is a 2017 American comic book miniseries published by Dynamite Entertainment. The series features the eponymous character, who primarily appears in Ian Fleming's James Bond novels and their movie adaptations. Written by James Robinson and illustrated by Aaron Campbell, the comic book is a spin-off from the \\\"James Bond\\\" series also published by Dynamite. The series ran from January to June 2017,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19814573\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond: Felix Leiter\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond: Felix Leiter James Bond: Felix Leiter is a 2017 American comic book miniseries published by Dynamite Entertainment. The series features the eponymous character, who primarily appears in Ian Fleming's James Bond novels and their movie adaptations. Written by James Robinson and illustrated by Aaron Campbell, the comic book is a spin-off from the \\\"James Bond\\\" series also published by Dynamite. The series ran from January to June 2017, and marks the first time that Leiter received a solo adventure in any format. The miniseries was first announced in October 2016. During an interview with entertainment media news site\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19814571\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aki (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"Aki (James Bond) Aki is a fictional character created for the 1967 \\\"James Bond\\\" film \\\"You Only Live Twice\\\". In the film, Aki, played by Akiko Wakabayashi, is a female ninja agent with the fictional Japanese Secret Intelligence Service (SIS). She is a love interest and ally of James Bond's, however she is killed before the mission reaches its climax and is replaced by her fellow agent Kissy Suzuki. Aki does not appear in Ian Fleming's 1964 novel. She was originally named Suki in Roald Dahl's screenplay. According to \\\"The James Bond Films\\\", the character was \\\"Dahl's tribute to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7124396\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Basin Street Blues\\\", \\\"Tight Like This\\\", \\\"Saint James Infirmary\\\", and \\\"Weather Bird\\\". In the last named, only Armstrong and Hines are present, turning an old rag number into a tour-de-force duet. Louis Armstrong and His Hot Five The Hot Five was Louis Armstrong's first jazz recording band led under his own name. It was a typical New Orleans jazz band in instrumentation, consisting of trumpet, clarinet, and trombone backed by a rhythm section. The original New Orleans jazz style leaned heavily on collective improvisation, in which the three horns together played the lead: the trumpet played the main melody, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2740384\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in video games\",\n \"text\": \"Corporation. The game features a story including characters from multiple James Bond films, such as Oddjob and Jaws. It also incorporates gambling minigames, such as Baccarat and Blackjack. The next Bond game, 1999's \\\"Tomorrow Never Dies\\\", based on the film \\\"Tomorrow Never Dies\\\", was the first released by Electronic Arts. Developed by Black Ops, it is a third-person shooter, released for PlayStation. The game was a financial success and received mixed reviews. The next titles, \\\"The World Is Not Enough\\\" (N64) and \\\"The World Is Not Enough\\\" (PS), are first-person shooters. However, publisher Electronic Arts, which owned the rights to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4602905\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"be adapted for the cinema, and he approached producer Sir Alexander Korda to make a film adaptation of either \\\"Live and Let Die\\\" or \\\"Moonraker\\\". Although Korda was initially interested, he later withdrew. On 1 October 1959, it was announced that Fleming would write an original film script featuring Bond for producer Kevin McClory. Jack Whittingham also worked on the script, culminating in a screenplay entitled \\\"James Bond, Secret Agent\\\". However, Alfred Hitchcock and Richard Burton turned down roles as director and star, respectively. McClory was unable to secure the financing for the film, and the deal fell through. Fleming\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748445\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ella Fitzgerald and Louis Armstrong collaborations\",\n \"text\": \"Away from Me\\\" as well as James Warburg with Kay Swift's \\\"Can't We Be Friends?\\\". \\\"Ella and Louis Again\\\", which features nineteen songs, primarily consists as a collection of vocal duets like its predecessor. However, seven selections do involve either Armstrong or Fitzgerald singing without the other. Examples of the popular music standards done in the album include the Irving Berlin compositions \\\"I'm Putting All My Eggs in One Basket\\\" and \\\"I've Got My Love to Keep Me Warm\\\" as well as the Vernon Duke piece \\\"Autumn in New York\\\". The backing group remained the same except for Buddy Rich's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19364433\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit\",\n \"text\": \"Bond comforts Nebula, telling her that he settled the score with the man who did her wrong, as they embrace each other with passionate sense of romance. James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit is a 1995 spy thriller comic book published by Dark Horse Comics that features Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond in the lead. Serialized in three issues, the story is written by Don McGregor and illustrated by Gary Caldwell, which also is the last Bond comic book to be published by the same company, before Topps Comics took over the publishing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19157043\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond (comics)\",\n \"text\": \"in December 1962 - an adaptation of the first Bond film \\\"Dr. No\\\". Originally published by \\\"Classics Illustrated\\\" in the United Kingdom, it was later reprinted in the United States by DC Comics as part of its \\\"Showcase\\\" anthology series in January 1963. The next James Bond comic book did not appear for nearly 20 years, when Marvel Comics published a two-issue adaptation of the 1981 film \\\"For Your Eyes Only\\\" (which was also published in a single-issue magazine edition and a paperback release). Marvel later adapted the 1983 film \\\"Octopussy\\\" in magazine format. In 1989 comic books featuring Bond\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5813187\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Necros (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"and Dave Worrall say of Necros, \\\"Necros is the most intriguing of the film's trio of main villains. He is a silent, humourless, but extremely handsome assassin who tends to use a Walkman as a strangulation device. The role is well played by Andreas Wisniewski, who provides the film with a much-needed sense of menace.\\\" Necros (James Bond) Necros is a fictional character and henchman in the 1987 James Bond film \\\"The Living Daylights\\\". He was played by Andreas Wisniewski. Tall, muscular, blond, blue-eyed and steel-jawed Necros is of the Red Grant model, common in the earlier James Bond films.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6244081\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong House\",\n \"text\": \"garden was assembled and the garage was constructed by the Armstrongs. In addition the interior of the house was renovated to their taste. Ornate bathrooms, and the kitchen was not originally part of the house. Paintings and souvenirs were given to Louis Armstrong on tour from Asia, Europe to Africa. These gifts have found a home of their own on dressers, night stands, shelves and walls. Louis Armstrong House The Louis Armstrong House was the home of Louis Armstrong and his wife Lucille Wilson from 1943 until his death in 1971. Lucille gave ownership of it to the city of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10860313\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the United States National Recording Registry, a registry of recordings selected yearly by the National Recording Preservation Board for preservation in the National Recording Registry of the Library of Congress. The US Open tennis tournament's former main stadium was named Louis Armstrong Stadium in honor of Armstrong who had lived a few blocks from the site. \\\"Congo Square\\\" was a common gathering place for African-Americans in New Orleans for dancing and performing music. The park where Congo Square is located was later renamed Louis Armstrong Park. Dedicated in April 1980, the park includes a 12-foot statue of Armstrong, trumpet in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"243006\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Motifs in the James Bond film series\",\n \"text\": \"for the film: \\\"you put in three girls ... Girl number one is pro-Bond. She stays around roughly through the first reel of the picture. Then she is bumped off by the enemy, preferably in Bond's arms.\\\" The next girl is anti-Bond and normally captures him, but Bond will save himself by using his charm and sexual potency: she is normally killed midway through the film. Girl number three will survive and end the film in Bond's embrace. Academic Kimberly A. Neuendorf notes that James Bond promotes stereotypical, sex-typed male attitudes, especially when interacting with women and in doing so\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15940323\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"On Spying\\\", which shows the villain Dr. Crow being overcome by agents who included James Bind (Charles Hawtry) and Daphne Honeybutt (Barbara Windsor). One of the films that reacted against the portrayal of Bond was the Harry Palmer series, whose first film, \\\"The Ipcress File\\\" was released in 1965. The eponymous hero of the series was what academic Jeremy Packer called an \\\"anti-Bond\\\", or what Christoph Lindner calls \\\"the thinking man's Bond\\\". The Palmer series were produced by Harry Saltzman, who also used key crew members from the Bond series, including designer Ken Adam, editor Peter R. Hunt and composer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"208235\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond and Moonraker\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond and Moonraker James Bond and Moonraker is a novelization by Christopher Wood of the James Bond film \\\"Moonraker\\\". Its name was changed to avoid confusion with Fleming's novel. It was released in 1979. British Secret Service agent James Bond, codename 007, must prevent Sir Hugo Drax's plan to murder the entire human race and then restart humanity from outer space. The screenplay of \\\"Moonraker\\\" differed so much from Ian Fleming's novel that Eon Productions authorised the film's screenwriter, Christopher Wood to write a novelization based upon the film, as he had done for \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4397899\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Q (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"a man (played by Alec McCowen) referred to by Bond as Algernon and Algy, though his opening line is \\\"Nice to know old Q can still surprise you 00s\\\". In the closing credits, he is named as \\\"Q Algy\\\". Q Branch itself is depicted as underfunded and ramshackle compared to the high-tech surroundings of the Eon films. Featured in Q (James Bond) Q is a fictional character in the James Bond films and film novelisations. Q (standing for Quartermaster as well as a reference to the deceptive Q-ships) is a job title, unlike M, which is a cypher for the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"713446\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit James Bond 007: The Quasimodo Gambit is a 1995 spy thriller comic book published by Dark Horse Comics that features Ian Fleming's secret agent, James Bond in the lead. Serialized in three issues, the story is written by Don McGregor and illustrated by Gary Caldwell, which also is the last Bond comic book to be published by the same company, before Topps Comics took over the publishing rights to adapt \\\"GoldenEye\\\" in 1996 with McGregor as the writer. A recent panic from a group of mercenaries cites an arms dealer known as Rifle as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19157031\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007 (1998 video game)\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond 007 (1998 video game) James Bond 007 is an action-adventure game featuring James Bond. The game was developed by Saffire Corporation and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy. Released on February 9, 1998, the game features a story that includes characters from multiple James Bond films, such as Oddjob and Jaws. The gameplay of \\\"James Bond 007\\\" is presented from a top-down perspective. As James Bond, the player controls an arsenal of weapons and items. Bond must use items at the appropriate place and time to either sneak past impossible odds or to solve a mission. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6252557\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"famously Ella Fitzgerald. His influence upon Crosby is particularly important with regard to the subsequent development of popular music: Crosby admired and copied Armstrong, as is evident on many of his early recordings, notably \\\"Just One More Chance\\\" (1931). The \\\"New Grove Dictionary of Jazz\\\" describes Crosby's debt to Armstrong in precise detail, although it does not acknowledge Armstrong by name: Armstrong recorded two albums with Ella Fitzgerald: \\\"Ella and Louis\\\", and \\\"Ella and Louis Again\\\" for Verve Records, with the sessions featuring the backing musicianship of the Oscar Peterson Trio and drummers Buddy Rich (on the first album), and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242991\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"new visitors center is planned. According to literary critic Harold Bloom, \\\"The two great American contributions to the world's art, in the end, are Walt Whitman and, after him, Armstrong and jazz ... If I had to choose between the two, ultimately, I wouldn't. I would say that the genius of this nation at its best is indeed Walt Whitman and Louis Armstrong.\\\" Louis Armstrong Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, vocalist and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz. His\",\n \"psg_id\": \"243008\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong Stadium (1978-2016)\",\n \"text\": \"third largest stadium at the US Open, with a seating capacity of about 6,000. In 1997, the stadium was replaced as the Open's primary venue by Arthur Ashe Stadium. Armstrong Stadium was renovated again, with the top tiers of seating being removed. The stadium held close to 18,000 at its peak, but this was reduced to around 10,200 with the renovation, which also added a brick facade to match that of Ashe Stadium. The stadium was demolished in October 2016. A new 14,000-seat Louis Armstrong Stadium opened for the 2018 US Open. This new stadium features a retractable roof, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5885337\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \\\"James Bond\\\" film \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\", which was itself inspired to the homonimous 1962 novel by Ian Fleming. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he only gave permission for the title \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised that a novelization\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4397903\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond 007: From Russia with Love\",\n \"text\": \"by MGM Interactive and the last James Bond video game until the release of \\\"\\\" in 2008. \\\"From Russia with Love\\\" features a third-person multiplayer deathmatch mode. One of the changes to the plot of the video game is the absence of the villainous organisation SPECTRE, who played a vital role in the film. Due to legal issues that have plagued the James Bond film series since 1963, the organization was renamed \\\"OCTOPUS\\\" and appears to lack a central leader in the same vein as Ernst Stavro Blofeld. The SPECTRE name was tied up in a long-running dispute over the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4519173\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Necros (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"Necros (James Bond) Necros is a fictional character and henchman in the 1987 James Bond film \\\"The Living Daylights\\\". He was played by Andreas Wisniewski. Tall, muscular, blond, blue-eyed and steel-jawed Necros is of the Red Grant model, common in the earlier James Bond films. Over the course of the film, Necros impersonates an American jogger, a Cockney milkman, an upper-class-sounding MI6 Agent, an Austrian balloon salesman, and a doctor in Morocco. Necros, meaning 'dead' in Greek, was General Koskov's highly trained and disciplined Soviet assassin with KGB affiliations, but ultimately loyal to Koskov. His only vice seems to be\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6244077\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy\",\n \"text\": \"rehearsal versions of the songs. Production Louis Armstrong Plays W.C. Handy Louis Armstrong Plays W. C. Handy is a 1954 studio release by Louis Armstrong and His All Stars, described by Allmusic as \\\"Louis Armstrong's finest record of the 1950s\\\" and \\\"essential music for all serious jazz collections\\\". Columbia CD released the album on CD in 1986 in a much altered form, with alternative versions in place of many of the original songs, but restored the original with its 1997 re-issue, which also included additional tracks: a brief interview by the producer, George Avakian, with W. C. Handy; a joke\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10912125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Q (James Bond)\",\n \"text\": \"Q (James Bond) Q is a fictional character in the James Bond films and film novelisations. Q (standing for Quartermaster as well as a reference to the deceptive Q-ships) is a job title, unlike M, which is a cypher for the character's name. He is the head of Q Branch (or later Q Division), the fictional research and development division of the British Secret Service. Q has appeared in 21 of the 24 Eon Productions James Bond films, the exceptions being \\\"Live and Let Die\\\", the 2006 \\\"Casino Royale\\\" and \\\"Quantum of Solace\\\". The character was also featured in both\",\n \"psg_id\": \"713429\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"in Puerto Rico, while in the UK, Epsom Downs Racecourse and the Nene Valley Railway were both used. For the scenes of the fictional Russian location of Severnaya, and other effects, Derek Meddings built a number of miniature sets at Leavesden. Meddings had worked on the Bond films since \\\"Live and Let Die\\\" and died before the film's release; \\\"GoldenEye\\\" was dedicated to his memory. The soundtrack to \\\"GoldenEye\\\" was composed and performed by Éric Serra. Prolific Bond composer John Barry turned down an offer by Barbara Broccoli to score the film. The theme song, \\\"GoldenEye\\\", was written by Bono\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748502\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"the films of the Marvel Cinematic Universe), and the single most successful adjusted for inflation. In 1967 \\\"Casino Royale\\\" was adapted into a parody Bond film starring David Niven as Sir James Bond and Ursula Andress as Vesper Lynd. Niven had been Fleming's preference for the role of Bond. The result of a court case in the High Court in London in 1963 allowed Kevin McClory to produce a remake of \\\"Thunderball\\\" titled \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\" in 1983. The film, produced by Jack Schwartzman's Taliafilm production company and starring Sean Connery as Bond, was not part of the Eon\",\n \"psg_id\": \"208220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jatt James Bond\",\n \"text\": \"Jatt James Bond Jatt James Bond or JJB is a 2014 Indian Punjabi film directed by Rohit Jugraj, and starring Gippy Grewal and Zareen Khan as leads, along with Gurpreet Ghuggi, Yashpal Sharma. The music of the film is given by Jatinder Shah. The film marks the Punjabi cinema debut of Bollywood actress Zareen Khan in her first Punjabi film. It was released on 25 April 2014. Shinda (Gippy Grewal) was mistreated by his relatives, so he finds other ways to have his love Laali (Zarine Khan). Shinda and his two other friends come up with a plan to solve\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17806299\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"a U.S. record as the oldest artist to have a number one song. His 1964 song \\\"Bout Time\\\" was later featured in the film \\\"Bewitched\\\". Armstrong performed in Italy at the 1968 Sanremo Music Festival where he sang \\\"Mi Va di Cantare\\\" alongside his friend, the Eritrean-born Italian singer Lara Saint Paul. In February 1968, he also appeared with Lara Saint Paul on the Italian RAI television channel where he performed \\\"Grassa e Bella\\\", a track he sang in Italian for the Italian market and C.D.I. label. In 1968, Armstrong scored one last popular hit in the United Kingdom with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242995\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"Is Not Enough\\\"—the second Bond soundtrack he composed; Garbage sang the title song. For his work on the film, Arnold won an Ivor Novello Award. Lee Tamahori was hired to direct \\\"Die Another Day\\\"; Barbara Broccoli admired his film \\\"Once Were Warriors\\\", calling it \\\"a phenomenal piece of filmmaking\\\". Broccoli noted that she and Wilson \\\"sensed his genuine enthusiasm for Bond. It was simply great chemistry. Lee was the right guy and we were very, very lucky to get him\\\". Screenwriters Neal Purvis and Robert Wade returned and began work in the summer of 2000 with the producers. They used\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748510\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"the Eon series, there have been three additional productions with the character of James Bond: an American television adaptation, \\\"Casino Royale\\\" (1954), produced by CBS; a spoof, \\\"Casino Royale\\\" (1967), produced by Charles K. Feldman; and a remake of \\\"Thunderball\\\" entitled \\\"Never Say Never Again\\\" (1983), produced by Jack Schwartzman, who had obtained the rights to the film from McClory. In 1954 the American CBS television network paid Ian Fleming $1,000 ($ in dollars) for the rights to turn his first novel, \\\"Casino Royale\\\", into a one-hour television adventure as part of the dramatic anthology series \\\"Climax Mystery Theater\\\", which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in video games\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond in video games The \\\"James Bond\\\" video game franchise is a series of predominantly shooter games and games of other genres (including role-playing and adventure games). Several games are based upon the James Bond film series and developed and published by a variety of companies, centering on Ian Fleming's fictional British MI6 agent, James Bond. The intellectual property is owned by Danjaq, LLC. In 1983, Parker Brothers released first James Bond video game, \\\"James Bond 007\\\", for multiple consoles. Since 1983, there have been numerous video games based on the films, Ian Fleming's novels, and original scripts created\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4602903\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"praised Armstrong through strong testimonials. Duke Ellington, DownBeat magazine in 1971, said, \\\"If anybody was a master, it was Louis Armstrong. He was and will continue to be the embodiment of jazz.\\\" In 1950, Bing Crosby, the most successful vocalist of the first half of the 20th century, said, \\\"He is the beginning and the end of music in America.\\\" In the summer of 2001, in commemoration of the centennial of Armstrong's birth, New Orleans's main airport was renamed Louis Armstrong New Orleans International Airport. In 2002, the Louis Armstrong's Hot Five and Hot Seven recordings (1925–1928) were preserved in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"243005\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong award\",\n \"text\": \"Louis Armstrong award The Louis Armstrong Award, or sometimes the King Bee Award, is the \\\"top senior jazz award\\\" or highest level interscholastic award given to a musician. It is given out by high schools nationwide in the United States in recognition of \\\"\\\"outstanding musical achievement and an incredible dedication to the program\\\"\\\". Typically there is only one recipient per high school. Louis Armstrong was an American jazz musician and singer. Armstrong's influence extends well beyond jazz music, and by the end of his career in the 1960s, he was widely regarded as a profound influence on popular music in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14951621\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong award\",\n \"text\": \"recipient over the years may be added. Louis Armstrong award The Louis Armstrong Award, or sometimes the King Bee Award, is the \\\"top senior jazz award\\\" or highest level interscholastic award given to a musician. It is given out by high schools nationwide in the United States in recognition of \\\"\\\"outstanding musical achievement and an incredible dedication to the program\\\"\\\". Typically there is only one recipient per high school. Louis Armstrong was an American jazz musician and singer. Armstrong's influence extends well beyond jazz music, and by the end of his career in the 1960s, he was widely regarded as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14951623\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Louis Armstrong Louis Daniel Armstrong (August 4, 1901 – July 6, 1971), nicknamed Satchmo, Satch, and Pops, was an American trumpeter, composer, vocalist and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz. His career spanned five decades, from the 1920s to the 1960s, and different eras in the history of jazz. In 2017, he was inducted into the Rhythm & Blues Hall of Fame. Armstrong was born and raised in New Orleans. Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an \\\"inventive\\\" trumpet and cornet player, Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz, shifting the focus of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242932\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"and Roll Hall of Fame as an \\\"early influence\\\". Some of his solos from the 1950s, such as the hard rocking version of \\\"St. Louis Blues\\\" from the \\\"WC Handy\\\" album, show that the influence went in both directions. Armstrong appeared in more than a dozen Hollywood films, usually playing a bandleader or musician. His most familiar role was as the bandleader \\\"cum\\\" narrator in the 1956 musical \\\"High Society\\\" in which he sang the title song and performed a duet with Bing Crosby on \\\"Now You Has Jazz\\\". In 1947, he played himself in the movie \\\"New Orleans\\\" opposite\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"pursue. As part of the settlement, MGM paid $10 million for the rights to \\\"Casino Royale\\\", which had come into Sony's possession. Daniel Craig played Bond in a short film, \\\"Happy and Glorious\\\", produced by Lisa Osborne for the BBC and directed by Danny Boyle as part of the opening ceremony of the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. In the film Bond is summoned to Buckingham Palace by Queen Elizabeth II—played by herself—and escorts her by helicopter to the Olympic Stadium. Bond and Her Majesty jump from the helicopter into the stadium with Union Flag parachutes. For the parachute jump,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748543\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louis Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Joe Glaser in the Carroll Dickerson Orchestra, with Earl Hines on piano, which was renamed Louis Armstrong and his Stompers, though Hines was the music director and Glaser managed the orchestra. Hines and Armstrong became fast friends and successful collaborators. In the first half of 1927, Armstrong assembled his Hot Seven group, which added drummer Al \\\"Baby\\\" Dodds and tuba player, Pete Briggs, while preserving most of his original Hot Five lineup. John Thomas replaced Kid Ory on trombone. Later that year he organized a series of new Hot Five sessions which resulted in nine more records. In the last\",\n \"psg_id\": \"242953\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond Jr.\",\n \"text\": \"12-issue comic book series by Marvel Comics published in 1992, and video games for the Nintendo Entertainment System and Super NES. While revolving around the nephew of James Bond, no surviving relatives are mentioned in Fleming's novels, although he unknowingly conceives a child with the former Japanese film actress Kissy Suzuki in \\\"You Only Live Twice\\\". The animated series, produced by Murakami-Wolf-Swenson and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Animation, debuted on 30 September 1991, with a total of 65 half-hour episodes produced. James Bond Jr. was voiced by Corey Burton. While attending prep school at Warfield Academy, James Bond Jr., with the help of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1547233\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hello, Dolly! (song)\",\n \"text\": \"also performed the song (together with Barbra Streisand) in the popular 1969 film \\\"Hello, Dolly!\\\". \\\"Hello, Dolly!\\\" is a pop standard, and has been covered by many artists, including: Frank Sinatra's rendition of the song, recorded with the Count Basie Orchestra, features new lyrics, improvised by Sinatra, which pay tribute to Louis Armstrong. Lyndon B. Johnson used the tune, rechristened \\\"Hello, Lyndon!\\\", as a campaign song for his run in the 1964 U.S. presidential election. This version of the song was performed by Carol Channing at that year's Democratic National Convention, and a recording was made by Ed Ames for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5129433\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond in film\",\n \"text\": \"process. Connery, however, was somewhat resigned to the project, lacking the enthusiasm he sported for \\\"Thunderball\\\". A press conference on his arrival had been tense, \\\"soured by aggressive questioning of Connery's crumpled, jet-lagged appearance\\\". Primary and secondary photography finished in December; the special effects filming for the space scenes were undertaken between January and March 1967, prior to the film's release on 12 June. The cinema posters for the film stated \\\"Sean Connery IS James Bond\\\", to distance the Eon-produced picture from the independent \\\"Casino Royale\\\", which had been released two months earlier. However, during the production, Connery announced that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9748453\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["ohmss","ohmss","on her majesty's secret service","on her majestys secret service","on her majesty's secret service (disambiguation)"],"string":"[\n \"ohmss\",\n \"ohmss\",\n \"on her majesty's secret service\",\n \"on her majestys secret service\",\n \"on her majesty's secret service (disambiguation)\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":78,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in which decade of the 20th century was william hurt born?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"William Hurt","text":"William Hurt William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature \"Altered States\", for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations of Kathleen Turner, in the neo-noir \"Body Heat\" (1981). He played another leading role, as Arkady Renko, in \"Gorky Park\" (1983). In 1985, Hurt","psg_id":"1455283"},{"title":"William Hurt","text":"a friend were threatened at gunpoint but were let go several hours later. Hurt is a private pilot and owner of a Beechcraft Bonanza. William Hurt William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature \"Altered States\", for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations","psg_id":"1455296"},{"title":"Fame in the 20th Century","text":"of what the public associates with the celebrity or to show them during a more casual moment, instead of as an icon. Examples are: Clive James included them because these celebrities were internationally famous at the turn of the 19th century into the 20th century. William Randolph Hearst, Thomas Alva Edison, Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Leon Tolstoy, Arthur Conan Doyle, Rudyard Kipling, Sarah Bernhardt, Isadora Duncan and Buffalo Bill. Enrico Caruso, Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright, Louis Blériot, Marie Curie, Theodore Roosevelt, Florence Lawrence, Francis X. Bushman, William S. Hart, Theda Bara, Harry Houdini, Robert Falcon Scott, Roald","psg_id":"12363895"},{"title":"20th Century Fox","text":"was not much else to Fox, which had been reeling since the founder William Fox lost control of the company in 1930. The studio's biggest star, Will Rogers, died in a plane crash weeks after the merger. Its leading female star, Janet Gaynor, was fading in popularity and promising leading men James Dunn and Spencer Tracy had been dropped because of heavy drinking. At first, it was expected that the new company was originally to be called \"Fox-20th Century\", even though 20th Century was the senior partner in the merger. However, 20th Century brought more to the bargaining table besides","psg_id":"1458479"},{"title":"Harry Hurt","text":"Harry Hurt Hugh Harrison (Harry) Hurt, Jr., (December 13, 1927 – November 29, 2009) was an American researcher on motorcycle safety. He was the author of the 1981 Hurt Report, described as \"the most comprehensive motorcycle safety study of the 20th century.\" Hurt was born in Big Spring in West Texas, and grew up in there He was an only child, and his father worked in the banking industry. Hurt graduated from Texas A&M University in 1950, and was an air transport pilot for the United States Navy during the Korean War. He married Joan Beene in 1950, and having","psg_id":"14061233"},{"title":"Christianity in the 20th century","text":"Christianity in the 20th century Christianity in the 20th century was characterized by an accelerating secularization of Western society, which had begun in the 19th century, and by the spread of Christianity to non-Western regions of the world. Christian ecumenism grew in importance, beginning at the Edinburgh Missionary Conference in 1910, and accelerated after the Second Vatican Council of the Catholic Church, The Liturgical Movement became significant in both Catholic and Protestant Christianity, especially in Anglicanism. At the same time, state-promoted atheism in communist Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union brought persecution to many Eastern Orthodox and other Christians. Many","psg_id":"13413257"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba","text":"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire is a compilation of songs from Reba McEntire's two Christmas albums (\"Merry Christmas to You\" and \"\") for release in 2003 on a \"20th Century Masters\" Christmas collection. No new material was recorded for the compilation. \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann describes McEntire's versions of \"Silent Night\" and \"Up on the Housetop\" as \"appropriately reverent,\"","psg_id":"8922036"},{"title":"Christianity in the 20th century","text":"Upon greeting John Paul II, the Romanian Patriarch Teoctist stated: \"The second millennium of Christian history began with a painful wounding of the unity of the Church; the end of this millennium has seen a real commitment to restoring Christian unity.\" Pope John Paul II visited other heavily Orthodox areas such as Ukraine, despite lack of welcome at times, and he said that healing the divisions between Western and Eastern Christianity was one of his fondest wishes. Christianity in the 20th century Christianity in the 20th century was characterized by an accelerating secularization of Western society, which had begun in","psg_id":"13413303"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"the 20th century. A natural population increase occurs when birth rates are higher than death rates. Recently and most notably, the years immediately after World War II saw an explosion in fertility rates called the Baby Boom because the returning soldiers and displaced people started new families. Death rates were significantly lower during the baby boom and thus populations increased substantially. Today these baby boomers are approaching old age and driving up the average age of the overall population. The World Bank predicts a dramatic decrease in population size from the increase in death rates over the next decade or","psg_id":"469577"},{"title":"Hurt Report","text":"Hurt Report The Hurt Report was a motorcycle safety study conducted in the United States, initiated in 1976 and published in 1981. The report is named after its primary author, Professor Harry Hurt. Noted motorcycle journalist David L. Hough described the Hurt Report as \"the most comprehensive motorcycle safety study of the 20th century.\" The study was initiated by the Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which contracted with the University of Southern California Traffic Safety Center — the work was ultimately conducted by USC professor Harry Hurt. The Hurt Report findings significantly advanced the state of knowledge","psg_id":"10548455"},{"title":"Team of the century","text":"Team of the century In team sport, team of the century and team of the decade are hypothetical best teams over a given time period. For the century team, it can be either 100 years, or for a century (always the 20th). Similarly the team of the decade can be for 10 years or a decade (for example the 1980s). Teams of the decade and century are selected for both leagues and clubs and sometimes selected for other reasons, such as to honour the contribution of a particular ethnic group. Teams of the 20th century in particular have been controversial","psg_id":"6915158"},{"title":"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century","text":"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century was the first exhibition focussed on artists of the 20th century to be held by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The show, whose title is also \"Modern Times\" in Dutch and which ran from November 2014 to January 2015, was also the first exhibition to be held in the re-opened Philips Wing, a part of the museum that was remodeled to host temporary exhibitions. It was the museum's second photography exhibition after its successful \"A new art: Photography in the 19th century\", held in 1996.","psg_id":"18379221"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"Death rates in the 20th century Death Rates in the 20th century is the ratio of deaths compared to the population around the world throughout the 20th century. When giving these ratios, they are most commonly expressed by number of deaths per 1,000 people per year. Many factors contribute to death rates such as cause of death, increasing the death rate, an aging population, which could increase and decrease the death rates by birth rates, and improvements in public health, decreasing the death rate. According to the CIA World Factbook, , the global crude death rate is 7.99 deaths/1,000 population.","psg_id":"469573"},{"title":"Fame in the 20th Century","text":"Fame in the 20th Century Fame in the 20th Century is a 1993 BBC documentary television series and book by Clive James. The book and series examined the phenomenon of fame and how it expanded to international mass media proportions throughout the 20th century. The 8 episodes were divided in roughly 8 decades, from the 1900s to the 1980s. Each episode highlighted world-famous people during that part of the century. James delivered interesting and amusing comments about the portrayed celebrities and the various ways they became famous. In the United States, the series were broadcast on PBS, though some footage","psg_id":"12363885"},{"title":"New materials in 20th-century art","text":"Delaunay and scores of young artists in Paris made their first modern paintings venturing toward abstraction and other new ways of formulating figurative, still-life and landscape imagery. During the first decade of the 20th century modern art developed simultaneously in several different areas in Europe (France, England, Scandinavia, Russia, Germany, Italy), and in the United States. Artists began to formulate different directions of modern art, seemingly unrelated to one another. In printmaking, the linocut was invented by the artists of Die Brücke in Germany between 1905 and 1913. At first they described their prints as woodcuts, which sounded more respectable.","psg_id":"567799"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait","text":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest hits. It was released in 2002 by MCA Nashville. \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann notes some of Strait's biggest hits are included while others are absent. \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait\" peaked at number 8 on the U.S.","psg_id":"7081708"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait","text":"to the Christmas repertoire.\" \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\" peaked at number 60 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Top Country Albums chart. 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest Christmas songs. It was released in 2003 by MCA Nashville. \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann laments that","psg_id":"12504822"},{"title":"William Hurt","text":"garnered critical acclaim and multiple acting awards, including an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Actor, for \"Kiss of the Spider Woman\". He received another two Academy Award nominations for his lead performances in \"Children of a Lesser God\" (1986) and \"Broadcast News\" (1987). Hurt remained an active stage actor throughout the 1980s, appearing in Off-Broadway productions, including \"Henry V\", \"Fifth of July\", \"Richard II\" and \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\". Hurt received his first Tony Award nomination in 1985 for the Broadway production of \"Hurlyburly\". After playing a diversity of character roles in the following decade, Hurt earned","psg_id":"1455284"},{"title":"20th century","text":"research and practice of science led to advancement in the fields of communication, engineering, travel, medicine, and war. 20th century The 20th (twentieth) century was a century that began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999. The 20th century was dominated by a chain of events that heralded significant changes in world history as to redefine the era: flu pandemic, World War I and","psg_id":"469572"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire","text":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire is a compilation album, released in 2007, by American country music artist Reba McEntire. It is part of the 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection series, and it chronicles several hits from McEntire's career. \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire\" received two-and-a-half out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann observes that \"despite being hits, these songs were not among McEntire's biggest hits.\" \"20th","psg_id":"8922002"},{"title":"Ballet of the 20th Century","text":"It was eventually dissolved when Bejart moved to Switzerland to form Béjart Ballet in Lausanne in 1987. Ballet of the 20th Century Ballet of the 20th Century (), was a ballet and contemporary dance company in Brussels, Belgium in 1960, by the French/Swiss choreographer Maurice Béjart. For many years it was the official dance company of the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie. The company was known for including South and East Asian elements in its performances. Bejart had previously founded a company in Paris, which he named first Les Ballets de l'Étoile, and later Ballet Théâtre de Maurice Bejart. When","psg_id":"13714517"},{"title":"20th century","text":"20th century The 20th (twentieth) century was a century that began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999. The 20th century was dominated by a chain of events that heralded significant changes in world history as to redefine the era: flu pandemic, World War I and World War II, nuclear power and space exploration, nationalism and decolonization, the Cold War and post-Cold War conflicts;","psg_id":"469545"},{"title":"Ballet of the 20th Century","text":"Ballet of the 20th Century Ballet of the 20th Century (), was a ballet and contemporary dance company in Brussels, Belgium in 1960, by the French/Swiss choreographer Maurice Béjart. For many years it was the official dance company of the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie. The company was known for including South and East Asian elements in its performances. Bejart had previously founded a company in Paris, which he named first Les Ballets de l'Étoile, and later Ballet Théâtre de Maurice Bejart. When he moved to Brussels in 1960, he relocated the company and renamed it Ballet du XXme Siècle.","psg_id":"13714516"},{"title":"20th-century events","text":"and sign the Kyoto treaty, which set mandatory limits on carbon dioxide emissions. The celebration of the ending of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century was at New Year's Day, 2000. 20th-century events The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. In Europe, the British Empire achieved the height of its power. Germany and Italy, which came into existence as unified nations in the second half of the 19th century, grew in power, challenging","psg_id":"13739008"},{"title":"Sounds of the 20th Century","text":"Sounds of the 20th Century Sounds of the 20th Century is a BBC Radio 2 documentary series originally broadcast in the UK between April 2011 and April 2012. Each 60-minute programme is dedicated to one year from 1951 to 2000 and features a montage of audio relating to that year. Featuring nothing that wasn’t heard, seen or read at the time, other than brief introduction to each episode by Jeremy Vine, the series does not feature any explanations, reminiscenses or reflections upon the clips. Instead, the series' website provided a list and description of the audio items, which was also","psg_id":"9478648"},{"title":"New Jersey in the 20th century","text":"transporting, refining, and marketing organization, founded by Henry H. Rogers, William Rockefeller, and John D. Rockefeller. In 1911, the United States Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, viewing it as violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. Standard Oil had controlled nearly 90% of refined oil flows into the United States, having a near complete monopoly upon it. Standard Oil Company was split into 34 smaller companies as a result of the dissolution. New Jersey's African American population grew rapidly in the early 20th century during the phases of the Great Migration and Second Great","psg_id":"6869671"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"to die while giving birth compared to white women. Towards the end of the 20th century, black women are three times as likely to die while giving birth. This disparity is often cited as a lack in stronger Health care in the United States. Death rates in the 20th century Death Rates in the 20th century is the ratio of deaths compared to the population around the world throughout the 20th century. When giving these ratios, they are most commonly expressed by number of deaths per 1,000 people per year. Many factors contribute to death rates such as cause of","psg_id":"469581"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"In the middle of 20th century America, the leading cause of death was heart disease with an impressive 355.5 deaths per 100,000 followed by cancer at 139.8 deaths per 100,000. Although death rates dropped significantly in the latter part of the 20th century, the leading killers are still constant. The United States saw 192.9 people per 100,000 die from heart disease in 2010 followed by cancer with 185.9 people per 100,000. The world population in the 20th century experienced a large amount of death due to two major world wars. World War II was responsible for the most war related","psg_id":"469575"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait","text":"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest Christmas songs. It was released in 2003 by MCA Nashville. \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann laments that \"this compilation is not what it might have been\" because \"Strait seems intent on rewarding his current crop of contributing songwriters by including plenty of their mediocre contributions","psg_id":"12504821"},{"title":"Galicia in the 20th century","text":"described by Méndez Ferrín) and the Galician Socialist Party (PSG, with X.M.Beiras and García Bodaño) was formed. Galicia in the 20th century The period of Solidaridad Gallega (\"Galician Solidarity\"), the beginning of the modern Galician nationalist movement, began in 1907 and ended around the First World War. Its unsuccessful aim was to create a unified electoral coalition to eliminate caciquism and obtain Galician representation in the Cortes Generales, the parliament of Spain. The first stage of 20th-century Galician history lasted until the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In this stage the Galician nationalist Irmandades da Fala (\"Brothehoods of the Language\")","psg_id":"8477605"},{"title":"Lost Animals of the 20th Century","text":"Lost Animals of the 20th Century Lost Animals of the 20th Century is a 16-episode documentary series shown on the Discovery Channel in the 1990s. It features animals that have become extinct throughout the 20th century. Animals are adjudged as such when the last specimen of the species dies sometime from 1901 to 2000. However, since the show was produced in the 1990s (still part of the 20th century), most of the animals covered became extinct in the early part of the century. Greta Scacchi introduces each episode during the title sequence and narrates episodes 1 through 8. Lin Sagovsky","psg_id":"7973681"},{"title":"20th century in science","text":"his group achieved the first total synthesis of Taxol. In 1995, Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman produced the first Bose–Einstein condensate, a substance that displays quantum mechanical properties on the macroscopic scale. One of the prominent traits of the 20th century was the dramatic growth of technology. Organized research and practice of science led to advancement in the fields of communication, engineering, travel, medicine, and war. 20th century in science Science advanced dramatically during the 20th century. There were new and radical developments in the physical, life and human sciences, building on the progress made in the 19th century. In","psg_id":"20567843"},{"title":"Galicia in the 20th century","text":"Galicia in the 20th century The period of Solidaridad Gallega (\"Galician Solidarity\"), the beginning of the modern Galician nationalist movement, began in 1907 and ended around the First World War. Its unsuccessful aim was to create a unified electoral coalition to eliminate caciquism and obtain Galician representation in the Cortes Generales, the parliament of Spain. The first stage of 20th-century Galician history lasted until the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In this stage the Galician nationalist Irmandades da Fala (\"Brothehoods of the Language\") began to appear to promote the Galician language. When they began to expand, the political idea of","psg_id":"8477601"},{"title":"Fame in the 20th Century","text":"became famous. In previous centuries people could only become famous by doing something that was remembered ages later. Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte conquered countries, Jesus Christ developed a religion, ... In the 20th century people could become world-famous in less than no time and without doing anything, thanks to the arrival of mass media. Movie stars like Charlie Chaplin, for instance, became global stars due to the nearly universal reach of film. James cites Chaplin as the first truly world-famous 20th century celebrity. The invention of the film close-up made people on film screens appear larger than life and","psg_id":"12363888"},{"title":"20th-century music","text":"instrumentation could practically be hand-picked by the composer. Saxophones were used in some 20th-century orchestra scores such as Vaughan Williams' Symphonies No.6 and 9 and William Walton's \"Belshazzar's Feast\", and many other works as a member of the orchestral ensemble. Twentieth-century orchestras generally include a string section, woodwinds, brass instruments, percussion, piano, celeste, harp(s), with other instruments called for occasionally, such as electric guitar and electric bass. The 20th century saw dramatic innovations in musical forms and styles. Composers and songwriters explored new forms and sounds that challenged the previously accepted rules of music of earlier periods, such as the","psg_id":"3818859"},{"title":"20th century in ichnology","text":"excavation of fossil footprints in history. In the Lee Stokes reported unusual footprints he interpreted as the first known pterosaur tracks. This attribution would be controversial much of the rest of the century but has since been vindicated. The dinosaur footprints of Dinosaur Ridge in Colorado were also discovered and studied in the 20th century. The advent of the dinosaur renaissance and the publication by R. McNeil Alexander of a formula which could reconstruct their running speed based on data from fossil trackways brought renewed interest and prestige to ichnology during the late 20th century. This led to several symposia","psg_id":"18778280"},{"title":"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century","text":"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century Handsome Boys of the 20th Century () is a South Korean variety-reality show which aired on the cable channel QTV (). It began airing on April 16, 2013 and ran for two seasons with a total of 29 episodes. The show features five members from four disbanded or inactive \"\" K-pop idol groups, which debuted during the 1990s: H.O.T. (1996–2001), Sechs Kies (1997–2000; 2016–Present), NRG (1997–2006; 2017–Present) and g.o.d (1999–Present). H.O.T. is acknowledged to be the first ever highly successful K-pop idol group and was largely rivaled by Sechs Kies. NRG was a pioneer","psg_id":"20371717"},{"title":"The 20th Century","text":"The 20th Century The Twentieth Century was a documentary television program sponsored by the Prudential Insurance Company that ran on the CBS network from 20 October 1957 until 4 January 1970. It was hosted by Walter Cronkite. The opening and closing theme music was written by composer George Antheil. The program presented filmed reports on news and cultural events that were important for the development of the 20th century. The show did not just present the events, but also interpreted them. Such subjects as World War I and major assassinations were presented in context. On 20 January 1967, the show,","psg_id":"2903157"},{"title":"Everything Was Beautiful, and Nothing Hurt (Moby album)","text":"explicitly political, punk rock-influenced Pacific Void Choir records. Eschewing overtly political themes, the songs on \"Everything Was Beautiful, and Nothing Hurt\" explore themes of spirituality, individuality, and humanity. According to Moby, he \"disengaged\" himself from politics in the immediate aftermath of the 2016 election, and discussing the election's influence on the album, he said: \"After the election, rather than blow my brains out or move to Denmark, I took a step back and said, 'The common denominator to everything that's wrong is us, as a species.' The subtext of the 20th century, and into the 21st century, is making egregiously","psg_id":"20483924"},{"title":"20th Century Fox","text":"searchlights featured in the logo. —Includes theatrical reissue(s). The Academy Film Archive houses the 20th Century Fox Features Collection which contains features, trailers, and production elements mostly from the Fox, Twentieth Century, and Twentieth Century-Fox studios, from the late 1920s–1950s. 20th Century Fox Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation (colloquial: Twentieth Century Fox; Fox; 20th Century Fox) is an American film studio currently owned by Fox Entertainment Group, itself owned by 21st Century Fox. One of the \"Big Six\" major American film studios, it was formed from the merger of the Fox Film Corporation and Twentieth Century Pictures in 1935, and","psg_id":"1458519"},{"title":"Harry Hurt","text":"20th century.\" In 2006, reflecting on the report, Hurt stated, \"The current problem is older riders, bigger bikes and alcohol.\" Hurt remained at USC, researching and presiding over the nonprofit Head Protection Research Laboratory (HPRL), as well as a Professor Emeritus of Safety Science at USC. Upon his retirement from USC in 1998, HPRL was spun off as an independent non-profit corporation with Hurt as its president. Hurt died of a heart attack at Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center on November 29, 2009, at the age of 81. Harry Hurt Hugh Harrison (Harry) Hurt, Jr., (December 13, 1927 – November","psg_id":"14061236"},{"title":"The 20th Century Fox Mambo","text":"Allmusic review by Heather Phares notes that \"a Chicago-style brassiness dominates \"The 20th Century Fox Mambo\" and \"Let's Be Bad,\" both of which sound the most like genuine show tunes\". The 20th Century Fox Mambo \"The 20th Century Fox Mambo\" is an original song introduced in the second episode of the first season of the musical TV series \"Smash\", entitled \"The Callback\". It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman, but in the show's universe, it was written by songwriting team Tom Levitt (Christian Borle) and Julia Houston (Debra Messing) for their Marilyn Monroe musical \"Bombshell\". In \"The Callback\"","psg_id":"17087998"},{"title":"20th Century Fox Television","text":"Television Group, which will be overseen by Walden and Newman. 20th Century Fox Television Twentieth Century Fox Television (or 'TCF TV or TCFTV, stylized as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production division of 20th Century Fox, and a production arm of the Fox Television Group (both are owned by Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox). 20th Television is the syndication and distribution arm of 20th Century Fox Television. On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to purchase assets of 21st Century Fox, including 20th Century Fox Television, for $52.4 billion. 20th Century Fox Television was formed","psg_id":"8193991"},{"title":"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century","text":"has not been considered. Clubs' performance on the first edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, held in Brazil in January 2000, has been included in the ranking. CAF's classification of African clubs is made on the following basis: Top Ten Africa's clubs of the 20th Century: Based on this statistical study, Egypt's Al-Ahly was named as \"African club of the century\" by the continental governing body on 31 December 2000. CAF Clubs of the 20th Century On 31 December 2000 the Confederation of African Football (CAF) has published a ranking with the most successful clubs of the 20th century","psg_id":"13833077"},{"title":"Leaving the 20th Century","text":"Leaving the 20th Century Leaving the 20th Century is a recording of the Manic Millennium concert by the Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers, released in 2000. The concert was announced on October 5th 1998 and which also celebrated the 10th anniversary of the band, was performed on the New Year's Eve night 1999-2000 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, in front of more than 57,000 fans. The event became international as the final song of the event was broadcast live all over the world through satellites, the entire concert was broadcast Live on London's 104.9 XFM, support came from","psg_id":"9963470"},{"title":"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century","text":"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century is a 1999 documentary film about Florida businessman James D. Newton and the relationships he enjoyed with five key historic figures: Thomas A. Edison, Charles Lindbergh, Henry Ford, Harvey Firestone and Alexis Carrel. The film, which was directed by first-time filmmaker John Biffar and narrated by Walter Cronkite, included interviews with Newton (who was 94 years old at the time of production), archival footage and dramatic re-enactments. The film had a brief theatrical release, and reviews were mostly negative. Lawrence Van Gelder, writing in \"The New York Times\",","psg_id":"12174248"},{"title":"World Team of the 20th Century","text":"World Team of the 20th Century The World Team of the 20th Century was chosen in 1998 to comprise the best association football players of the 20th century CE. The team comprises an eleven-member side, with one goalkeeper, four defenders, three midfielders, and three forwards. The team was announced on 10 June 1998, in conjunction with the opening ceremonies of the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France. The team was selected in plurality voting undertaken by a panel of 250 international football journalists from amongst the members of eleven-member sides styled as the \"South American\" and \"European Teams of the","psg_id":"9498558"},{"title":"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century","text":"film can be purchased from the Uncommon Friends Foundation, a nonprofit organization founded by James D. Newton that provides educational scholarships to business students. Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century is a 1999 documentary film about Florida businessman James D. Newton and the relationships he enjoyed with five key historic figures: Thomas A. Edison, Charles Lindbergh, Henry Ford, Harvey Firestone and Alexis Carrel. The film, which was directed by first-time filmmaker John Biffar and narrated by Walter Cronkite, included interviews with Newton (who was 94 years old at the time of production), archival footage","psg_id":"12174250"},{"title":"Lost Animals of the 20th Century","text":"such is unavailable, the live materials feature existing species that share the closest characteristics with the extinct animal. Although the show specifically deals with animals that have become extinct, there was one episode that featured the theme of animals which were thought to be extinct, but have been rediscovered. Such has also been the case of some previously featured animals in the show, as scientists have eventually rediscovered extant populations or are attempting to revive species through selective breeding/cloning. Among the animals featured are: Lost Animals of the 20th Century Lost Animals of the 20th Century is a 16-episode documentary","psg_id":"7973683"},{"title":"Great Pianists of the 20th Century","text":"Great Pianists of the 20th Century Great Pianists of the 20th Century was a 200-CD box set released by Philips Records in 1999 and sponsored by Steinway & Sons. The box set comprises 100 volumes featuring 72 pianists of the 20th century, each volume with two CDs and a booklet about the life and work of the featured pianist. The set contains a variety of composers from different eras, from Baroque to Contemporary classical. The material was the result of a collaborative association between Philips (who had access to the Polygram Records back catalogue) and a number of other labels,","psg_id":"10823602"},{"title":"Pirates of the 20th Century","text":"Pirates of the 20th Century Pirates of the 20th Century (, translit. \"Piraty XX veka\") is a 1980 Soviet action/adventure film about modern piracy. The film was directed by Boris Durov, the story was written by Boris Durov and Stanislav Govorukhin. The film was the leader of Soviet distribution in 1980 and had 87.6 million viewers. The film begins with a convoy of military vehicles rolling into a seaport located somewhere in Middle East in the bank of Indian or Pacific Ocean and stopping near the pier where the Soviet cargo ship \"Nezhin\" () is anchored. An agent of a","psg_id":"10027256"},{"title":"Pirates of the 20th Century","text":"ship, manage to escape and must fight the pirates for survival. Pirates of the 20th Century Pirates of the 20th Century (, translit. \"Piraty XX veka\") is a 1980 Soviet action/adventure film about modern piracy. The film was directed by Boris Durov, the story was written by Boris Durov and Stanislav Govorukhin. The film was the leader of Soviet distribution in 1980 and had 87.6 million viewers. The film begins with a convoy of military vehicles rolling into a seaport located somewhere in Middle East in the bank of Indian or Pacific Ocean and stopping near the pier where the","psg_id":"10027261"},{"title":"20th century in ichnology","text":"20th century in ichnology The 20th century in ichnology refers to advances made between the years 1900 and 1999 in the scientific study of trace fossils, the preserved record of the behavior and physiological processes of ancient life forms, especially fossil footprints. Significant fossil trackway discoveries began almost immediately after the start of the 20th century with the 1900 discovery at Ipolytarnoc, Hungary of a wide variety of bird and mammal footprints left behind during the early Miocene. Not long after, fossil \"Iguanodon\" footprints were discovered in Sussex, England, a discovery that probably served as the inspiration for Sir Arthur","psg_id":"18778277"},{"title":"Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century","text":"Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century In 1999, \"The Blood-Horse\" magazine assembled a seven-person panel of distinguished horse racing people: Keeneland racing secretary Howard Battle, Maryland Jockey Club vice president Lenny Hale, \"Daily Racing Form\" columnist Jay Hovdey, \"Sports Illustrated\" senior writer William Nack, California senior steward Pete Pedersen, \"Louisville Courier-Journal\" racing writer Jennie Rees and Gulfstream Park steward Tommy Trotter. Each of the experts compiled a list of what they considered to be the top 100 Thoroughbred racehorses of the 20th century, which was then combined into a master list. The list","psg_id":"8524961"},{"title":"20th century in literature","text":"20th century in literature Literature of the 20th century refers to world literature produced during the 20th century (1901 to 2000). In terms of the Euro-American tradition, the main periods are captured in the bipartite division, Modernist literature and Postmodern literature, flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1960 to 1990 respectively, divided, as a rule of thumb, by World War II. The somewhat malleable term of contemporary literature is usually applied with a post-1960 cutoff point. Although these terms (modern, contemporary and postmodern) are most applicable to Western literary history, the rise of the globalization has allowed European literary","psg_id":"9884803"},{"title":"20th century in literature","text":"1982 \"Genre fiction 1983 \"Genre fiction 1984 \"Non-fiction 1985 \"Genre fiction 1986 \"Non-fiction 1987 \"Genre fiction 1988 \"Genre fiction 1989 1990 \"Genre fiction 1991 1996 1997 \"Genre fiction 20th century in literature Literature of the 20th century refers to world literature produced during the 20th century (1901 to 2000). In terms of the Euro-American tradition, the main periods are captured in the bipartite division, Modernist literature and Postmodern literature, flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1960 to 1990 respectively, divided, as a rule of thumb, by World War II. The somewhat malleable term of contemporary literature is usually applied","psg_id":"9884812"},{"title":"20th century","text":"were developed in the 20th century. In the first part of the 20th century, measure theory, functional analysis, and topology were established, and significant developments were made in fields such as abstract algebra and probability. The development of set theory and formal logic led to Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Later in the 20th century, the development of computers led to the establishment of a theory of computation. Other computationally-intense results include the study of fractals and a proof of the four color theorem in 1976. One of the prominent traits of the 20th century was the dramatic growth of technology. Organized","psg_id":"469571"},{"title":"20th-century events","text":"20th-century events The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. In Europe, the British Empire achieved the height of its power. Germany and Italy, which came into existence as unified nations in the second half of the 19th century, grew in power, challenging the traditional hegemony of Britain and France. With nationalism in full force at this time, the European powers competed with each other for land, military strength and economic power. On the very first day of","psg_id":"13738911"},{"title":"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century","text":"of the sources of inspiration for the show (\"To collect photography is to collect the world\"). The last works in the show are color portrait photos taken in Suriname by the youngest artist in the show, the Dutch photographer Viviane Sassen. The list of artists represented in the show is presented on the gallery wall as a timeline. In order of appearance (sorted by birth date), they are as follows: Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century was the first exhibition focussed on artists of the 20th century to be held by the","psg_id":"18379225"},{"title":"20th century in literature","text":"list has been published since 1942. The best-selling literary works of the 20th century are estimated to be \"The Lord of the Rings\" (1954/55, 150 million copies), \"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\" (1997, 120 million copies) and \"And Then There Were None\" (1939, 115 million copies). \"The Lord of the Rings\" was also voted \"book of the century\" in various surveys. \"Perry Rhodan\" (1961 to present) proclaimed as the best-selling book series, with an estimated total of 1 billion copies sold. The \"Fin de siècle\" movement of the \"Belle Époque\" persisted into the 20th century, but was brutally cut","psg_id":"9884806"},{"title":"New materials in 20th-century art","text":"New materials in 20th-century art New materials in 20th-century art were introduced to art making from the very beginning of the century. The introduction of new materials (and techniques) and heretofore non-art materials helped drive change in art during the 20th century. Traditional materials and techniques were not necessarily displaced in the 20th century. Rather, they functioned alongside innovations that came with the 20th century. Such mainstays as oil-on-canvas painting, and sculpting in traditional materials continued right through the 20th century into the 21st century. Furthermore, even \"traditional\" materials were greatly expanded in the course of the 20th century. The","psg_id":"567793"},{"title":"William Hurt","text":"of \"Time\" magazine and actress-writer Clare Boothe Luce, through his mother's marriage to Henry Luce's son from his first marriage, Henry Luce III. Hurt was married to Mary Beth Hurt from 1971 to 1982. In the 1980s, Hurt was involved in a lawsuit with Sandra Jennings, who alleged that the two shared a common-law marriage. While he was still married, Hurt and Jennings had begun a relationship in Saratoga Springs, New York, in 1981. Jennings became pregnant in the spring of 1982 which precipitated Hurt's divorce from Mary Beth Hurt, after which Hurt and Jennings relocated to South Carolina, a","psg_id":"1455293"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle","text":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle is a compilation album by Steve Earle. The album was released on August 19, 2003. The release of this album met with mixed reviews. Chip O'Brien of Popmatters, in a review that also examined the driving force behind Best Of compilations, considered this album to be an attempt by MCA to \"make a couple of bucks off the portion of his catalog they still had legal access to.\" Similarly William Ruhlmann of AllMusic said that this","psg_id":"10465994"},{"title":"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States","text":"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States The 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States was characterized by a period of continuous growth for the Church in the United States, with Catholics progressively evolving from a small minority to a large minority. In 1900 the Catholic population was 10 million, under the control of 14 Archbishops, 77 bishops, and 12,000 priests . The community had built 10,000 churches, of which two-thirds had resident pastors. Catholic schools educated nearly 1,000,000 children and youth. Catholics were heavily concentrated in the industrial and mining centers of the","psg_id":"13887774"},{"title":"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States","text":"greater frequency. 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States The 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States was characterized by a period of continuous growth for the Church in the United States, with Catholics progressively evolving from a small minority to a large minority. In 1900 the Catholic population was 10 million, under the control of 14 Archbishops, 77 bishops, and 12,000 priests . The community had built 10,000 churches, of which two-thirds had resident pastors. Catholic schools educated nearly 1,000,000 children and youth. Catholics were heavily concentrated in the industrial and mining centers","psg_id":"13887801"},{"title":"20th Century Ghosts","text":"to disguise themselves from the playing card people. Jack grows weary of the game, but soon he finds that it may not be a game at all. 20th Century Ghosts 20th Century Ghosts is American author Joe Hill's first published book-length work. A collection of short stories, it was first published in October 2005 in the United Kingdom and released in October 2007 in the United States. \"20th Century\" Ghosts is the first publication made by American author Joe Hill in October 2005 by PS Publishing which is based in the United Kingdom. The original release was available for pre-sale","psg_id":"9710244"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"1 year old. In 1999, at the end of the century, the infant mortality rate in the United States declined more than 90% to 7.2 deaths per 1,000 live births. Similarly, maternal mortality rates declined almost 99% to less than 0.1 reported deaths per 1,000 live births. There are a variety of causes for this steep decline in death rates in the 20th century: Despite these tremendous decreases in infant mortality and maternal mortality, the 20th century experienced significant disparities between minority death rates compared to death rates for white mothers. In the 1900s, black women were twice as likely","psg_id":"469580"},{"title":"20th Century Fox Records","text":"Century Fox no longer operates a record company, its music publishing unit Fox Music licenses music heard on Fox feature films or TV shows to other record companies. For example, the rights to the soundtrack of the film \"Titanic\" are licensed to Sony Music. Also, \"Glee\" cast albums are licensed to Sony Music's Columbia Records in a 50/50 venture with 20th Century Fox. These albums were issued using the 20th Century Fox TV Records imprint, which was launched in 2009 and distributed by Columbia Records. 20th Century Fox Records 20th Century Fox Records, also known as 20th Fox Records and","psg_id":"3733963"},{"title":"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century","text":"\"DSP Festival\" concert in December would also feature disbanded first-generation groups Sechs Kies and Click-B alongside current artists. Rumors also began circulating that HOTSechgodRG's respective idol groups would be reuniting; g.o.d came out of hiatus in May 2014 while Sechs Kies, pioneering girl group S.E.S. and NRG all reunited between 2016 and 2017. Handsome Boys of the 20th Century Handsome Boys of the 20th Century () is a South Korean variety-reality show which aired on the cable channel QTV (). It began airing on April 16, 2013 and ran for two seasons with a total of 29 episodes. The show","psg_id":"20371723"},{"title":"20th Century Ghosts","text":"20th Century Ghosts 20th Century Ghosts is American author Joe Hill's first published book-length work. A collection of short stories, it was first published in October 2005 in the United Kingdom and released in October 2007 in the United States. \"20th Century\" Ghosts is the first publication made by American author Joe Hill in October 2005 by PS Publishing which is based in the United Kingdom. The original release was available for pre-sale only through the publishers website. The collection has won several awards including the Bram Stoker Award for Best Fiction Collection, as well as the British Fantasy Award","psg_id":"9710237"},{"title":"Catholic Church in the 20th century","text":"stated: \"The second millennium of Christian history began with a painful wounding of the unity of the Church; the end of this millennium has seen a real commitment to restoring Christian unity.\" Pope John Paul II visited other strongly Orthodox areas such as Ukraine, despite lack of welcome at times. He said that healing the divisions between Western and Eastern Christianity was one of his fondest wishes. Catholic Church in the 20th century The Roman Catholic Church in the 20th century had to respond to the challenge of increasing secularization of Western society and persecution resulting from great social unrest","psg_id":"13868869"},{"title":"20th century in science","text":"as polio. A massive amount of new technologies were developed in the 20th century. Technologies such as electricity, the incandescent light bulb, the automobile and the phonograph, first developed at the end of the 19th century, were perfected and universally deployed. The first airplane flight occurred in 1903, and by the end of the century large airplanes such as the Boeing 777 and Airbus A330 flew thousands of miles in a matter of hours. The development of the television and computers caused massive changes in the dissemination of information. The 20th century saw mathematics become a major profession. As in","psg_id":"20567811"},{"title":"My 20th Century","text":"My 20th Century My 20th Century () is a 1989 Hungarian comedy-drama film written and directed by Ildikó Enyedi. It premiered at the Toronto Festival of Festivals. Enyedi won the Golden Camera award at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Hungarian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 62nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. In Budapest in 1880, two twin daughters, Dóra and Lili, are born. After their mother dies, the twins support themselves by selling matches in the street. When they fall asleep one night, two men take","psg_id":"9860521"},{"title":"20th century in ichnology","text":"1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1957 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 20th century in ichnology The 20th century in ichnology refers to advances made between the years 1900 and 1999 in the scientific study of trace fossils, the preserved record of the behavior and physiological processes of ancient life forms, especially fossil footprints. Significant fossil trackway discoveries began almost immediately after the start of the 20th","psg_id":"18778282"},{"title":"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain","text":"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain The destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain was a phenomenon brought about by a change in social conditions during which a large number of country houses of varying architectural merit were demolished by their owners. Collectively termed by several authors \"the lost houses\", the final chapter in the history of these often now-forgotten houses has been described as a cultural tragedy. The British nobility had been demolishing their country houses since the 15th century, when comfort replaced fortification as an essential need. For many, demolishing and rebuilding their country homes became a","psg_id":"14677502"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern","text":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern is a 12-track collection of songs that Maureen McGovern recorded for 20th Century Records, which was the first label that she signed with. All seven of her singles for the label are featured on this CD, two of which make their first appearance on an album (\"Even Better Than I Know Myself\" and \"Love Songs Are Getting Harder to Sing\"). Inside the album cover are McGovern's discography for 20th Century and a biographical essay written by","psg_id":"11563908"},{"title":"20th Century Limited","text":"Union Station in Chicago. Otherwise it follows a route similar to the \"20th Century's\", except west of Whiting, Indiana (near Chicago), where it switches to the former Pennsylvania Railroad's Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway. Eastbound train #38—\"Advance 20th Century Limited\", on February 7, 1930; Sampled at Chicago, Illinois. Westbound train #25—\"20th Century Limited\", on March 17, 1938; Sampled at New York, New York Eastbound train #26—\"20th Century Limited\", on September 6, 1943; departing Chicago, Illinois. Westbound train #25—\"20th Century Limited\", on March 30, 1965, sampled at Cleveland, Ohio The \"20th Century Limited\" was the setting for a Broadway musical","psg_id":"3806893"},{"title":"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century","text":"1 times Team of Europe Best Czech Player of the 20th Century Czech Basketball Federation and Association of League Clubs pronounced the public inquiry about best Czech basketball men's players of the last century. Voting of fans, journalists and experts decided about winners of the public inquiry. Results of the men's public inquiry was announced by the festive occasion in Karlovy Vary on Saturday June 16th 2001. Best Czech Player of The Last Century: Jiří Zídek Sr. (1944) Results: Player (born) participation Olympic Games (OG), World Championship (WC), European Championship (EC) - medals, others 1 Jiří Zídek (1944) 2 WC,","psg_id":"17330478"},{"title":"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century","text":"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century Czech Basketball Federation and Association of League Clubs pronounced the public inquiry about best Czech basketball men's players of the last century. Voting of fans, journalists and experts decided about winners of the public inquiry. Results of the men's public inquiry was announced by the festive occasion in Karlovy Vary on Saturday June 16th 2001. Best Czech Player of The Last Century: Jiří Zídek Sr. (1944) Results: Player (born) participation Olympic Games (OG), World Championship (WC), European Championship (EC) - medals, others 1 Jiří Zídek (1944) 2 WC, 6 EC - 1 silver","psg_id":"17330473"},{"title":"20th century in science","text":"20th century in science Science advanced dramatically during the 20th century. There were new and radical developments in the physical, life and human sciences, building on the progress made in the 19th century. In physics, the development of post-Newtonian theories such as special relativity, general relativity, and quantum mechanics led to the development of nuclear weapons. New models of the structure of the atom led to developments in theories of chemistry and the development of new materials such as nylon and plastics. Advances in biology led to large increases in food production, as well as the elimination of diseases such","psg_id":"20567810"},{"title":"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain","text":"is still subject to debate and re-evaluation. The English country house contents auctions still happen. Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain The destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain was a phenomenon brought about by a change in social conditions during which a large number of country houses of varying architectural merit were demolished by their owners. Collectively termed by several authors \"the lost houses\", the final chapter in the history of these often now-forgotten houses has been described as a cultural tragedy. The British nobility had been demolishing their country houses since the 15th century, when comfort replaced","psg_id":"14677574"},{"title":"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century","text":"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century On 31 December 2000 the Confederation of African Football (CAF) has published a ranking with the most successful clubs of the 20th century in the African continent (CAF African Club of the Century). The ranking was calculated by the exclusively on the basis of performance by African teams throughout their participation in CAF club competitions (from the quarter-finals to final) from 1964 to 2000. Clubs' performance from the Group Stage of the Champions League, international competition run by CAF since 1997, have been included. Regional competitions organized by football associations members to the organization","psg_id":"13833076"},{"title":"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century","text":"the composers' works. The album placed second in \"The Wire\"s annual critics' poll for record of the year. SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century is an album by American alternative rock band Sonic Youth. It is a double album of versions of pieces by avant-garde composers, performed by Sonic Youth and collaborators. \"SYR4\" featured works by avant-garde classical composers such as John Cage, Yoko Ono, Steve Reich and Christian Wolff, played by Sonic Youth and several collaborators from the modern avant-garde music scene, such as Christian Marclay, William Winant, Wharton Tiers and Takehisa Kosugi. Unlike other entries in","psg_id":"5020707"},{"title":"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century","text":"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century is an album by American alternative rock band Sonic Youth. It is a double album of versions of pieces by avant-garde composers, performed by Sonic Youth and collaborators. \"SYR4\" featured works by avant-garde classical composers such as John Cage, Yoko Ono, Steve Reich and Christian Wolff, played by Sonic Youth and several collaborators from the modern avant-garde music scene, such as Christian Marclay, William Winant, Wharton Tiers and Takehisa Kosugi. Unlike other entries in the SYR series, \"SYR4\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s liner notes were written in English. Thurston Moore and Kim Gordon's daughter Coco Hayley","psg_id":"5020705"},{"title":"The 20th Century","text":"sponsored by Union Carbide (\"The Discovery Company\"), was renamed \"The 21st Century\". The show's focus changed to the future and to what humankind could look forward to. \"The 21st Century\" was cancelled after three seasons (its final broadcast was on 4 January 1970). The reason given was that the writers had run out of things to talk about. However, CBS may have wished to replace it with a more commercially successful program. The 20th Century The Twentieth Century was a documentary television program sponsored by the Prudential Insurance Company that ran on the CBS network from 20 October 1957 until","psg_id":"2903158"},{"title":"20th Century Fox","text":"what was then 20th Century Fox and remained as president into the 1960s. Under Freedman's leadership, DeLuxe added two more labs in Chicago and Toronto and processed film from studios other than Fox. 20th Century Fox is known for its searchlight structure logo. Its fanfare was originally composed in 1933 by Alfred Newman, who became the head of Twentieth Century-Fox's music department from 1940 until the 1960s. It was re-recorded in 1935 when 20th Century-Fox was officially established. The original Art Deco iteration of the 20th Century-Fox logo, designed by special effects animator and matte painting artist Emil Kosa Jr.,","psg_id":"1458509"},{"title":"Catholic Church in the 20th century","text":"Catholic Church in the 20th century The Roman Catholic Church in the 20th century had to respond to the challenge of increasing secularization of Western society and persecution resulting from great social unrest and revolutions in several countries. It instituted many reforms, particularly in the 1970s under the Vatican II Council, in order to modernize practices and positions. In this period, Catholic missionaries in the Far East worked to improve education and health care, while evangelizing peoples and attracting numerous followers in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan. The Industrial Revolution brought many concerns about the deteriorating working and living conditions","psg_id":"13868820"},{"title":"The Imaginary 20th Century","text":"and the curatorial idea for \"The Imaginary 20th Century\", evolved out of Bistis’ research for “Comic Art: The Paris Salon in Caricature,” a 2003 exhibition organized by the Getty Research Institute. Klein and Bistis started work on the project with support from California Institute of the Arts, though principal support came from ZKM/Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe and the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts. The first iteration of \"The Imaginary 20th Century\" interface was built by Andreas Kratky, Klein’s collaborator on \"Bleeding Through\". It premiered in 2007, in \"YOU-ser: The Century of the Consumer,\" an","psg_id":"19635678"},{"title":"Decade","text":"1960 to 1969, \"the 197th decade\" spans 1961 through 1970. A decade may also refer to an arbitrary span of ten years. For example, the statement \"during his last decade, Mozart explored chromatic harmony to a degree rare at the time\", merely refers to the last ten years of Mozart's life without regard to which calendar years are encompassed. Particularly for the 20th century, a nominal decade is often used to refer not just to a set of ten years but rather to a period roughly approximating those ten years - for example, the phrase \"the sixties\" often refers to","psg_id":"3218264"},{"title":"20th Century Fox Records","text":"and contracts for then-current artists including Stephanie Mills, Dusty Springfield and Carl Carlton had folded into and became part of the Casablanca label, which PolyGram had purchased in 1977. Universal Music Group now owns the old 20th Century-Fox Records catalog with reissues handled by UMG sub-label Mercury Records. Soundtracks which 20th Century Fox owns are controlled by Fox Music. It was relaunched in 1992 as Fox Records in a joint venture with BMG Music. One of the artists of the label was Jamie Foxx. It folded again in 1995. Even though 20th Century Fox or its current parent company 21st","psg_id":"3733962"},{"title":"History of Italian Art of the Twentieth Century","text":"6 on three exhibitions on Italian artists born in the twenties (1981), ten years (1982) and First decade (1985) of the twentieth century. Since 1993, publisher Bora of Bologna has started publishing encyclopedia volumes. In 1999 Di Genova was among the founders of MAGI '900, the museum in Pieve di Cento, which aims to set up an anthological collection of 20th century Italian art, becoming the museum's equivalent to the encyclopedic contents of the \"History of Art.\" The work is divided into seven volumes. It features fivethousand artists, with over thirty-five thousand names listed in the analytical index. There are","psg_id":"20308361"},{"title":"History of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century","text":"History of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century The history of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century is as old as the United States itself; it is a part of overall U.S. Jewish history. That history begins early in the history of the first Jewish congregation in New York. Attached to that congregation was a school in which secular as well as Hebrew branches were taught. It was one of the earliest general schools in America; poor children received tuition-free instruction. Religious instruction was established in connection with most of the early","psg_id":"4049828"},{"title":"20th Century Fox Records","text":"20th Century Fox Records 20th Century Fox Records, also known as 20th Fox Records and 20th Century Records, was a wholly owned subsidiary of film studio 20th Century Fox. The history of the label actually covers three distinct 20th Century Fox-related operations in the analog era, ranging chronologically from about 1938 to 1981. 20th Century Fox Film Corporation was formed through the merger of Darryl F. Zanuck's Twentieth Century Pictures with the Fox Film Corporation on May 31, 1935. Before the merger, Fox Film Corporation tried out a couple of short-lived record labels in conjunction with its Movietone sound system.","psg_id":"3733946"},{"title":"Death rates in the 20th century","text":"so. Fertility rates and consequently live birth rates declined over the century, while age-adjusted death rates fell more dramatically. Children in 1999 were 10 times less likely to die than children in 1900. For adults 24–65, death rates have been halved. The death rate for Americans aged 65 to 74 fell from nearly 7% per year to fewer than 2% per year. The introduction of vaccines for several diseases led to reduced mortality from them. Again developed countries felt the greatest benefit. In the 20th century, vaccines became available for many diseases which caused deaths: diphtheria, pertussis, tuberculosis, tetanus, yellow","psg_id":"469578"},{"title":"20th-century philosophy","text":"20th-century philosophy 20th-century philosophy saw the development of a number of new philosophical schools—including logical positivism, analytic philosophy, phenomenology, existentialism, and poststructuralism. In terms of the eras of philosophy, it is usually labelled as \"contemporary philosophy\" (succeeding modern philosophy, which runs roughly from the time of René Descartes until the late 19th to early 20th centuries). As with other academic disciplines, philosophy increasingly became professionalized in the twentieth century, and a split emerged between philosophers who considered themselves part of either the \"analytic\" or \"Continental\" traditions. However, there have been disputes regarding both the terminology and the reasons behind the","psg_id":"3419035"},{"title":"20th Century Boys","text":"asked about it being due to his request in 2012, Urasawa was surprised saying that he did not know about that and simply suggested Viz did not know which order to publish the two series. In 2017 Viz licensed the \"kanzenban\" editions of both \"20th Century Boys\" and \"21st Century Boys\". The first volume of \"20th Century Boys: The Perfect Edition\" was published on September 18, 2018. Viz's initial release was distributed in Australasia by Madman Entertainment. The series has also been licensed in Germany by Planet Manga, France by Génération Comics, Hong Kong by Jade Dynasty, the Netherlands by","psg_id":"5078547"},{"title":"20th Century Fox Television","text":"20th Century Fox Television Twentieth Century Fox Television (or 'TCF TV or TCFTV, stylized as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production division of 20th Century Fox, and a production arm of the Fox Television Group (both are owned by Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox). 20th Television is the syndication and distribution arm of 20th Century Fox Television. On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to purchase assets of 21st Century Fox, including 20th Century Fox Television, for $52.4 billion. 20th Century Fox Television was formed in 1949 as other studios were branching out into television","psg_id":"8193987"},{"title":"The 20th Century Fox Hour","text":"The 20th Century Fox Hour The 20th Century Fox Hour is an American drama anthology series televised in the United States on CBS from 1955 to 1957. Some of the shows in this series were restored, remastered and shown on the Fox Movie Channel in 2002 under the title Hour of Stars (its title when the series was originally syndicated after 1957). The season one episode \"Overnight Haul\", starring Richard Conte and Lizabeth Scott, was released in Australia as a feature film. Presenting both originals and remakes, \"The 20th Century Fox Hour\" was telecast on Wednesday nights at 10pm, alternating","psg_id":"9155766"},{"title":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime","text":"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime is a compilation album by the band Sublime. The album was released by MCA/Gasoline Alley in 2002. The compilation contains ten songs, most of which also appear on Sublime's 1999 \"Greatest Hits\" set. The latter's \"Pool Shark\" and \"40 Oz. to Freedom\" are replaced on this release with \"April 29, 1992 (Miami)\" and \"Greatest Hits\", a track from the band's 1998 live album \"Stand by Your Van\". \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime\"","psg_id":"18033301"},{"title":"20th Century Technology Museum","text":"20th Century Technology Museum The 20th Century Technology Museum is located in Wharton, Texas, United States, and displays examples of technology from the 20th century. The museum is a non-profit organization and opened its gallery in July 2005 on the first floor of the former Wharton County Jail, which was constructed in 1888. The museum's collection consists mostly of smaller items, such as radios, but also has a few experimental aircraft, including an ornithopter and a Rutan VariEze, which is displayed in front of the museum. Many items on display in the museum are in working condition and may either","psg_id":"5991990"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"William Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"William Hurt William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature \\\"Altered States\\\", for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations of Kathleen Turner, in the neo-noir \\\"Body Heat\\\" (1981). He played another leading role, as Arkady Renko, in \\\"Gorky Park\\\" (1983). In 1985, Hurt\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1455283\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"William Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"a friend were threatened at gunpoint but were let go several hours later. Hurt is a private pilot and owner of a Beechcraft Bonanza. William Hurt William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature \\\"Altered States\\\", for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1455296\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fame in the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"of what the public associates with the celebrity or to show them during a more casual moment, instead of as an icon. Examples are: Clive James included them because these celebrities were internationally famous at the turn of the 19th century into the 20th century. William Randolph Hearst, Thomas Alva Edison, Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom, Leon Tolstoy, Arthur Conan Doyle, Rudyard Kipling, Sarah Bernhardt, Isadora Duncan and Buffalo Bill. Enrico Caruso, Wilbur Wright and Orville Wright, Louis Blériot, Marie Curie, Theodore Roosevelt, Florence Lawrence, Francis X. Bushman, William S. Hart, Theda Bara, Harry Houdini, Robert Falcon Scott, Roald\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12363895\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox\",\n \"text\": \"was not much else to Fox, which had been reeling since the founder William Fox lost control of the company in 1930. The studio's biggest star, Will Rogers, died in a plane crash weeks after the merger. Its leading female star, Janet Gaynor, was fading in popularity and promising leading men James Dunn and Spencer Tracy had been dropped because of heavy drinking. At first, it was expected that the new company was originally to be called \\\"Fox-20th Century\\\", even though 20th Century was the senior partner in the merger. However, 20th Century brought more to the bargaining table besides\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1458479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harry Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"Harry Hurt Hugh Harrison (Harry) Hurt, Jr., (December 13, 1927 – November 29, 2009) was an American researcher on motorcycle safety. He was the author of the 1981 Hurt Report, described as \\\"the most comprehensive motorcycle safety study of the 20th century.\\\" Hurt was born in Big Spring in West Texas, and grew up in there He was an only child, and his father worked in the banking industry. Hurt graduated from Texas A&M University in 1950, and was an air transport pilot for the United States Navy during the Korean War. He married Joan Beene in 1950, and having\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14061233\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Christianity in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"Christianity in the 20th century Christianity in the 20th century was characterized by an accelerating secularization of Western society, which had begun in the 19th century, and by the spread of Christianity to non-Western regions of the world. Christian ecumenism grew in importance, beginning at the Edinburgh Missionary Conference in 1910, and accelerated after the Second Vatican Council of the Catholic Church, The Liturgical Movement became significant in both Catholic and Protestant Christianity, especially in Anglicanism. At the same time, state-promoted atheism in communist Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union brought persecution to many Eastern Orthodox and other Christians. Many\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13413257\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire is a compilation of songs from Reba McEntire's two Christmas albums (\\\"Merry Christmas to You\\\" and \\\"\\\") for release in 2003 on a \\\"20th Century Masters\\\" Christmas collection. No new material was recorded for the compilation. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire\\\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann describes McEntire's versions of \\\"Silent Night\\\" and \\\"Up on the Housetop\\\" as \\\"appropriately reverent,\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8922036\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Christianity in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"Upon greeting John Paul II, the Romanian Patriarch Teoctist stated: \\\"The second millennium of Christian history began with a painful wounding of the unity of the Church; the end of this millennium has seen a real commitment to restoring Christian unity.\\\" Pope John Paul II visited other heavily Orthodox areas such as Ukraine, despite lack of welcome at times, and he said that healing the divisions between Western and Eastern Christianity was one of his fondest wishes. Christianity in the 20th century Christianity in the 20th century was characterized by an accelerating secularization of Western society, which had begun in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13413303\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"the 20th century. A natural population increase occurs when birth rates are higher than death rates. Recently and most notably, the years immediately after World War II saw an explosion in fertility rates called the Baby Boom because the returning soldiers and displaced people started new families. Death rates were significantly lower during the baby boom and thus populations increased substantially. Today these baby boomers are approaching old age and driving up the average age of the overall population. The World Bank predicts a dramatic decrease in population size from the increase in death rates over the next decade or\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469577\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hurt Report\",\n \"text\": \"Hurt Report The Hurt Report was a motorcycle safety study conducted in the United States, initiated in 1976 and published in 1981. The report is named after its primary author, Professor Harry Hurt. Noted motorcycle journalist David L. Hough described the Hurt Report as \\\"the most comprehensive motorcycle safety study of the 20th century.\\\" The study was initiated by the Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which contracted with the University of Southern California Traffic Safety Center — the work was ultimately conducted by USC professor Harry Hurt. The Hurt Report findings significantly advanced the state of knowledge\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10548455\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Team of the century\",\n \"text\": \"Team of the century In team sport, team of the century and team of the decade are hypothetical best teams over a given time period. For the century team, it can be either 100 years, or for a century (always the 20th). Similarly the team of the decade can be for 10 years or a decade (for example the 1980s). Teams of the decade and century are selected for both leagues and clubs and sometimes selected for other reasons, such as to honour the contribution of a particular ethnic group. Teams of the 20th century in particular have been controversial\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6915158\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century was the first exhibition focussed on artists of the 20th century to be held by the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. The show, whose title is also \\\"Modern Times\\\" in Dutch and which ran from November 2014 to January 2015, was also the first exhibition to be held in the re-opened Philips Wing, a part of the museum that was remodeled to host temporary exhibitions. It was the museum's second photography exhibition after its successful \\\"A new art: Photography in the 19th century\\\", held in 1996.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18379221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"Death rates in the 20th century Death Rates in the 20th century is the ratio of deaths compared to the population around the world throughout the 20th century. When giving these ratios, they are most commonly expressed by number of deaths per 1,000 people per year. Many factors contribute to death rates such as cause of death, increasing the death rate, an aging population, which could increase and decrease the death rates by birth rates, and improvements in public health, decreasing the death rate. According to the CIA World Factbook, , the global crude death rate is 7.99 deaths/1,000 population.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469573\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fame in the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Fame in the 20th Century Fame in the 20th Century is a 1993 BBC documentary television series and book by Clive James. The book and series examined the phenomenon of fame and how it expanded to international mass media proportions throughout the 20th century. The 8 episodes were divided in roughly 8 decades, from the 1900s to the 1980s. Each episode highlighted world-famous people during that part of the century. James delivered interesting and amusing comments about the portrayed celebrities and the various ways they became famous. In the United States, the series were broadcast on PBS, though some footage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12363885\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"New materials in 20th-century art\",\n \"text\": \"Delaunay and scores of young artists in Paris made their first modern paintings venturing toward abstraction and other new ways of formulating figurative, still-life and landscape imagery. During the first decade of the 20th century modern art developed simultaneously in several different areas in Europe (France, England, Scandinavia, Russia, Germany, Italy), and in the United States. Artists began to formulate different directions of modern art, seemingly unrelated to one another. In printmaking, the linocut was invented by the artists of Die Brücke in Germany between 1905 and 1913. At first they described their prints as woodcuts, which sounded more respectable.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"567799\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest hits. It was released in 2002 by MCA Nashville. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait\\\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann notes some of Strait's biggest hits are included while others are absent. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of George Strait\\\" peaked at number 8 on the U.S.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7081708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\",\n \"text\": \"to the Christmas repertoire.\\\" \\\"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\\\" peaked at number 60 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Top Country Albums chart. 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest Christmas songs. It was released in 2003 by MCA Nashville. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\\\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann laments that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12504822\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"William Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"garnered critical acclaim and multiple acting awards, including an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Actor, for \\\"Kiss of the Spider Woman\\\". He received another two Academy Award nominations for his lead performances in \\\"Children of a Lesser God\\\" (1986) and \\\"Broadcast News\\\" (1987). Hurt remained an active stage actor throughout the 1980s, appearing in Off-Broadway productions, including \\\"Henry V\\\", \\\"Fifth of July\\\", \\\"Richard II\\\" and \\\"A Midsummer Night's Dream\\\". Hurt received his first Tony Award nomination in 1985 for the Broadway production of \\\"Hurlyburly\\\". After playing a diversity of character roles in the following decade, Hurt earned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1455284\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century\",\n \"text\": \"research and practice of science led to advancement in the fields of communication, engineering, travel, medicine, and war. 20th century The 20th (twentieth) century was a century that began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999. The 20th century was dominated by a chain of events that heralded significant changes in world history as to redefine the era: flu pandemic, World War I and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469572\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire is a compilation album, released in 2007, by American country music artist Reba McEntire. It is part of the 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection series, and it chronicles several hits from McEntire's career. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Reba McEntire\\\" received two-and-a-half out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann observes that \\\"despite being hits, these songs were not among McEntire's biggest hits.\\\" \\\"20th\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8922002\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ballet of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"It was eventually dissolved when Bejart moved to Switzerland to form Béjart Ballet in Lausanne in 1987. Ballet of the 20th Century Ballet of the 20th Century (), was a ballet and contemporary dance company in Brussels, Belgium in 1960, by the French/Swiss choreographer Maurice Béjart. For many years it was the official dance company of the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie. The company was known for including South and East Asian elements in its performances. Bejart had previously founded a company in Paris, which he named first Les Ballets de l'Étoile, and later Ballet Théâtre de Maurice Bejart. When\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13714517\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century\",\n \"text\": \"20th century The 20th (twentieth) century was a century that began on January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999. The 20th century was dominated by a chain of events that heralded significant changes in world history as to redefine the era: flu pandemic, World War I and World War II, nuclear power and space exploration, nationalism and decolonization, the Cold War and post-Cold War conflicts;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ballet of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Ballet of the 20th Century Ballet of the 20th Century (), was a ballet and contemporary dance company in Brussels, Belgium in 1960, by the French/Swiss choreographer Maurice Béjart. For many years it was the official dance company of the Théâtre Royal de la Monnaie. The company was known for including South and East Asian elements in its performances. Bejart had previously founded a company in Paris, which he named first Les Ballets de l'Étoile, and later Ballet Théâtre de Maurice Bejart. When he moved to Brussels in 1960, he relocated the company and renamed it Ballet du XXme Siècle.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13714516\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century events\",\n \"text\": \"and sign the Kyoto treaty, which set mandatory limits on carbon dioxide emissions. The celebration of the ending of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century was at New Year's Day, 2000. 20th-century events The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. In Europe, the British Empire achieved the height of its power. Germany and Italy, which came into existence as unified nations in the second half of the 19th century, grew in power, challenging\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13739008\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sounds of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Sounds of the 20th Century Sounds of the 20th Century is a BBC Radio 2 documentary series originally broadcast in the UK between April 2011 and April 2012. Each 60-minute programme is dedicated to one year from 1951 to 2000 and features a montage of audio relating to that year. Featuring nothing that wasn’t heard, seen or read at the time, other than brief introduction to each episode by Jeremy Vine, the series does not feature any explanations, reminiscenses or reflections upon the clips. Instead, the series' website provided a list and description of the audio items, which was also\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9478648\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"New Jersey in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"transporting, refining, and marketing organization, founded by Henry H. Rogers, William Rockefeller, and John D. Rockefeller. In 1911, the United States Supreme Court ordered the dissolution of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey, viewing it as violating the Sherman Antitrust Act. Standard Oil had controlled nearly 90% of refined oil flows into the United States, having a near complete monopoly upon it. Standard Oil Company was split into 34 smaller companies as a result of the dissolution. New Jersey's African American population grew rapidly in the early 20th century during the phases of the Great Migration and Second Great\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6869671\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"to die while giving birth compared to white women. Towards the end of the 20th century, black women are three times as likely to die while giving birth. This disparity is often cited as a lack in stronger Health care in the United States. Death rates in the 20th century Death Rates in the 20th century is the ratio of deaths compared to the population around the world throughout the 20th century. When giving these ratios, they are most commonly expressed by number of deaths per 1,000 people per year. Many factors contribute to death rates such as cause of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469581\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"In the middle of 20th century America, the leading cause of death was heart disease with an impressive 355.5 deaths per 100,000 followed by cancer at 139.8 deaths per 100,000. Although death rates dropped significantly in the latter part of the 20th century, the leading killers are still constant. The United States saw 192.9 people per 100,000 die from heart disease in 2010 followed by cancer with 185.9 people per 100,000. The world population in the 20th century experienced a large amount of death due to two major world wars. World War II was responsible for the most war related\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469575\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait 20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait is a collection of some of George Strait's greatest Christmas songs. It was released in 2003 by MCA Nashville. \\\"20th Century Masters – The Christmas Collection: The Best of George Strait\\\" received three out of five stars from William Ruhlmann of Allmusic. In his review, Ruhlmann laments that \\\"this compilation is not what it might have been\\\" because \\\"Strait seems intent on rewarding his current crop of contributing songwriters by including plenty of their mediocre contributions\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12504821\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Galicia in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"described by Méndez Ferrín) and the Galician Socialist Party (PSG, with X.M.Beiras and García Bodaño) was formed. Galicia in the 20th century The period of Solidaridad Gallega (\\\"Galician Solidarity\\\"), the beginning of the modern Galician nationalist movement, began in 1907 and ended around the First World War. Its unsuccessful aim was to create a unified electoral coalition to eliminate caciquism and obtain Galician representation in the Cortes Generales, the parliament of Spain. The first stage of 20th-century Galician history lasted until the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In this stage the Galician nationalist Irmandades da Fala (\\\"Brothehoods of the Language\\\")\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8477605\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lost Animals of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Lost Animals of the 20th Century Lost Animals of the 20th Century is a 16-episode documentary series shown on the Discovery Channel in the 1990s. It features animals that have become extinct throughout the 20th century. Animals are adjudged as such when the last specimen of the species dies sometime from 1901 to 2000. However, since the show was produced in the 1990s (still part of the 20th century), most of the animals covered became extinct in the early part of the century. Greta Scacchi introduces each episode during the title sequence and narrates episodes 1 through 8. Lin Sagovsky\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7973681\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in science\",\n \"text\": \"his group achieved the first total synthesis of Taxol. In 1995, Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman produced the first Bose–Einstein condensate, a substance that displays quantum mechanical properties on the macroscopic scale. One of the prominent traits of the 20th century was the dramatic growth of technology. Organized research and practice of science led to advancement in the fields of communication, engineering, travel, medicine, and war. 20th century in science Science advanced dramatically during the 20th century. There were new and radical developments in the physical, life and human sciences, building on the progress made in the 19th century. In\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20567843\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Galicia in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"Galicia in the 20th century The period of Solidaridad Gallega (\\\"Galician Solidarity\\\"), the beginning of the modern Galician nationalist movement, began in 1907 and ended around the First World War. Its unsuccessful aim was to create a unified electoral coalition to eliminate caciquism and obtain Galician representation in the Cortes Generales, the parliament of Spain. The first stage of 20th-century Galician history lasted until the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera. In this stage the Galician nationalist Irmandades da Fala (\\\"Brothehoods of the Language\\\") began to appear to promote the Galician language. When they began to expand, the political idea of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8477601\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fame in the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"became famous. In previous centuries people could only become famous by doing something that was remembered ages later. Julius Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte conquered countries, Jesus Christ developed a religion, ... In the 20th century people could become world-famous in less than no time and without doing anything, thanks to the arrival of mass media. Movie stars like Charlie Chaplin, for instance, became global stars due to the nearly universal reach of film. James cites Chaplin as the first truly world-famous 20th century celebrity. The invention of the film close-up made people on film screens appear larger than life and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12363888\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century music\",\n \"text\": \"instrumentation could practically be hand-picked by the composer. Saxophones were used in some 20th-century orchestra scores such as Vaughan Williams' Symphonies No.6 and 9 and William Walton's \\\"Belshazzar's Feast\\\", and many other works as a member of the orchestral ensemble. Twentieth-century orchestras generally include a string section, woodwinds, brass instruments, percussion, piano, celeste, harp(s), with other instruments called for occasionally, such as electric guitar and electric bass. The 20th century saw dramatic innovations in musical forms and styles. Composers and songwriters explored new forms and sounds that challenged the previously accepted rules of music of earlier periods, such as the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3818859\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in ichnology\",\n \"text\": \"excavation of fossil footprints in history. In the Lee Stokes reported unusual footprints he interpreted as the first known pterosaur tracks. This attribution would be controversial much of the rest of the century but has since been vindicated. The dinosaur footprints of Dinosaur Ridge in Colorado were also discovered and studied in the 20th century. The advent of the dinosaur renaissance and the publication by R. McNeil Alexander of a formula which could reconstruct their running speed based on data from fossil trackways brought renewed interest and prestige to ichnology during the late 20th century. This led to several symposia\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18778280\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century Handsome Boys of the 20th Century () is a South Korean variety-reality show which aired on the cable channel QTV (). It began airing on April 16, 2013 and ran for two seasons with a total of 29 episodes. The show features five members from four disbanded or inactive \\\"\\\" K-pop idol groups, which debuted during the 1990s: H.O.T. (1996–2001), Sechs Kies (1997–2000; 2016–Present), NRG (1997–2006; 2017–Present) and g.o.d (1999–Present). H.O.T. is acknowledged to be the first ever highly successful K-pop idol group and was largely rivaled by Sechs Kies. NRG was a pioneer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20371717\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"The 20th Century The Twentieth Century was a documentary television program sponsored by the Prudential Insurance Company that ran on the CBS network from 20 October 1957 until 4 January 1970. It was hosted by Walter Cronkite. The opening and closing theme music was written by composer George Antheil. The program presented filmed reports on news and cultural events that were important for the development of the 20th century. The show did not just present the events, but also interpreted them. Such subjects as World War I and major assassinations were presented in context. On 20 January 1967, the show,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2903157\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Everything Was Beautiful, and Nothing Hurt (Moby album)\",\n \"text\": \"explicitly political, punk rock-influenced Pacific Void Choir records. Eschewing overtly political themes, the songs on \\\"Everything Was Beautiful, and Nothing Hurt\\\" explore themes of spirituality, individuality, and humanity. According to Moby, he \\\"disengaged\\\" himself from politics in the immediate aftermath of the 2016 election, and discussing the election's influence on the album, he said: \\\"After the election, rather than blow my brains out or move to Denmark, I took a step back and said, 'The common denominator to everything that's wrong is us, as a species.' The subtext of the 20th century, and into the 21st century, is making egregiously\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20483924\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox\",\n \"text\": \"searchlights featured in the logo. —Includes theatrical reissue(s). The Academy Film Archive houses the 20th Century Fox Features Collection which contains features, trailers, and production elements mostly from the Fox, Twentieth Century, and Twentieth Century-Fox studios, from the late 1920s–1950s. 20th Century Fox Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation (colloquial: Twentieth Century Fox; Fox; 20th Century Fox) is an American film studio currently owned by Fox Entertainment Group, itself owned by 21st Century Fox. One of the \\\"Big Six\\\" major American film studios, it was formed from the merger of the Fox Film Corporation and Twentieth Century Pictures in 1935, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1458519\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harry Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"20th century.\\\" In 2006, reflecting on the report, Hurt stated, \\\"The current problem is older riders, bigger bikes and alcohol.\\\" Hurt remained at USC, researching and presiding over the nonprofit Head Protection Research Laboratory (HPRL), as well as a Professor Emeritus of Safety Science at USC. Upon his retirement from USC in 1998, HPRL was spun off as an independent non-profit corporation with Hurt as its president. Hurt died of a heart attack at Pomona Valley Hospital Medical Center on November 29, 2009, at the age of 81. Harry Hurt Hugh Harrison (Harry) Hurt, Jr., (December 13, 1927 – November\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14061236\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 20th Century Fox Mambo\",\n \"text\": \"Allmusic review by Heather Phares notes that \\\"a Chicago-style brassiness dominates \\\"The 20th Century Fox Mambo\\\" and \\\"Let's Be Bad,\\\" both of which sound the most like genuine show tunes\\\". The 20th Century Fox Mambo \\\"The 20th Century Fox Mambo\\\" is an original song introduced in the second episode of the first season of the musical TV series \\\"Smash\\\", entitled \\\"The Callback\\\". It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman, but in the show's universe, it was written by songwriting team Tom Levitt (Christian Borle) and Julia Houston (Debra Messing) for their Marilyn Monroe musical \\\"Bombshell\\\". In \\\"The Callback\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17087998\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox Television\",\n \"text\": \"Television Group, which will be overseen by Walden and Newman. 20th Century Fox Television Twentieth Century Fox Television (or 'TCF TV or TCFTV, stylized as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production division of 20th Century Fox, and a production arm of the Fox Television Group (both are owned by Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox). 20th Television is the syndication and distribution arm of 20th Century Fox Television. On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to purchase assets of 21st Century Fox, including 20th Century Fox Television, for $52.4 billion. 20th Century Fox Television was formed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8193991\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"has not been considered. Clubs' performance on the first edition of the FIFA Club World Cup, held in Brazil in January 2000, has been included in the ranking. CAF's classification of African clubs is made on the following basis: Top Ten Africa's clubs of the 20th Century: Based on this statistical study, Egypt's Al-Ahly was named as \\\"African club of the century\\\" by the continental governing body on 31 December 2000. CAF Clubs of the 20th Century On 31 December 2000 the Confederation of African Football (CAF) has published a ranking with the most successful clubs of the 20th century\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13833077\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Leaving the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Leaving the 20th Century Leaving the 20th Century is a recording of the Manic Millennium concert by the Welsh rock band Manic Street Preachers, released in 2000. The concert was announced on October 5th 1998 and which also celebrated the 10th anniversary of the band, was performed on the New Year's Eve night 1999-2000 at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff, in front of more than 57,000 fans. The event became international as the final song of the event was broadcast live all over the world through satellites, the entire concert was broadcast Live on London's 104.9 XFM, support came from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9963470\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century is a 1999 documentary film about Florida businessman James D. Newton and the relationships he enjoyed with five key historic figures: Thomas A. Edison, Charles Lindbergh, Henry Ford, Harvey Firestone and Alexis Carrel. The film, which was directed by first-time filmmaker John Biffar and narrated by Walter Cronkite, included interviews with Newton (who was 94 years old at the time of production), archival footage and dramatic re-enactments. The film had a brief theatrical release, and reviews were mostly negative. Lawrence Van Gelder, writing in \\\"The New York Times\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12174248\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"World Team of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"World Team of the 20th Century The World Team of the 20th Century was chosen in 1998 to comprise the best association football players of the 20th century CE. The team comprises an eleven-member side, with one goalkeeper, four defenders, three midfielders, and three forwards. The team was announced on 10 June 1998, in conjunction with the opening ceremonies of the 1998 FIFA World Cup in France. The team was selected in plurality voting undertaken by a panel of 250 international football journalists from amongst the members of eleven-member sides styled as the \\\"South American\\\" and \\\"European Teams of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9498558\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"film can be purchased from the Uncommon Friends Foundation, a nonprofit organization founded by James D. Newton that provides educational scholarships to business students. Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century Uncommon Friends of the 20th Century is a 1999 documentary film about Florida businessman James D. Newton and the relationships he enjoyed with five key historic figures: Thomas A. Edison, Charles Lindbergh, Henry Ford, Harvey Firestone and Alexis Carrel. The film, which was directed by first-time filmmaker John Biffar and narrated by Walter Cronkite, included interviews with Newton (who was 94 years old at the time of production), archival footage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12174250\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lost Animals of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"such is unavailable, the live materials feature existing species that share the closest characteristics with the extinct animal. Although the show specifically deals with animals that have become extinct, there was one episode that featured the theme of animals which were thought to be extinct, but have been rediscovered. Such has also been the case of some previously featured animals in the show, as scientists have eventually rediscovered extant populations or are attempting to revive species through selective breeding/cloning. Among the animals featured are: Lost Animals of the 20th Century Lost Animals of the 20th Century is a 16-episode documentary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7973683\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Great Pianists of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Great Pianists of the 20th Century Great Pianists of the 20th Century was a 200-CD box set released by Philips Records in 1999 and sponsored by Steinway & Sons. The box set comprises 100 volumes featuring 72 pianists of the 20th century, each volume with two CDs and a booklet about the life and work of the featured pianist. The set contains a variety of composers from different eras, from Baroque to Contemporary classical. The material was the result of a collaborative association between Philips (who had access to the Polygram Records back catalogue) and a number of other labels,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10823602\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Pirates of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Pirates of the 20th Century Pirates of the 20th Century (, translit. \\\"Piraty XX veka\\\") is a 1980 Soviet action/adventure film about modern piracy. The film was directed by Boris Durov, the story was written by Boris Durov and Stanislav Govorukhin. The film was the leader of Soviet distribution in 1980 and had 87.6 million viewers. The film begins with a convoy of military vehicles rolling into a seaport located somewhere in Middle East in the bank of Indian or Pacific Ocean and stopping near the pier where the Soviet cargo ship \\\"Nezhin\\\" () is anchored. An agent of a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10027256\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Pirates of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"ship, manage to escape and must fight the pirates for survival. Pirates of the 20th Century Pirates of the 20th Century (, translit. \\\"Piraty XX veka\\\") is a 1980 Soviet action/adventure film about modern piracy. The film was directed by Boris Durov, the story was written by Boris Durov and Stanislav Govorukhin. The film was the leader of Soviet distribution in 1980 and had 87.6 million viewers. The film begins with a convoy of military vehicles rolling into a seaport located somewhere in Middle East in the bank of Indian or Pacific Ocean and stopping near the pier where the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10027261\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in ichnology\",\n \"text\": \"20th century in ichnology The 20th century in ichnology refers to advances made between the years 1900 and 1999 in the scientific study of trace fossils, the preserved record of the behavior and physiological processes of ancient life forms, especially fossil footprints. Significant fossil trackway discoveries began almost immediately after the start of the 20th century with the 1900 discovery at Ipolytarnoc, Hungary of a wide variety of bird and mammal footprints left behind during the early Miocene. Not long after, fossil \\\"Iguanodon\\\" footprints were discovered in Sussex, England, a discovery that probably served as the inspiration for Sir Arthur\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18778277\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century In 1999, \\\"The Blood-Horse\\\" magazine assembled a seven-person panel of distinguished horse racing people: Keeneland racing secretary Howard Battle, Maryland Jockey Club vice president Lenny Hale, \\\"Daily Racing Form\\\" columnist Jay Hovdey, \\\"Sports Illustrated\\\" senior writer William Nack, California senior steward Pete Pedersen, \\\"Louisville Courier-Journal\\\" racing writer Jennie Rees and Gulfstream Park steward Tommy Trotter. Each of the experts compiled a list of what they considered to be the top 100 Thoroughbred racehorses of the 20th century, which was then combined into a master list. The list\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8524961\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in literature\",\n \"text\": \"20th century in literature Literature of the 20th century refers to world literature produced during the 20th century (1901 to 2000). In terms of the Euro-American tradition, the main periods are captured in the bipartite division, Modernist literature and Postmodern literature, flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1960 to 1990 respectively, divided, as a rule of thumb, by World War II. The somewhat malleable term of contemporary literature is usually applied with a post-1960 cutoff point. Although these terms (modern, contemporary and postmodern) are most applicable to Western literary history, the rise of the globalization has allowed European literary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9884803\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in literature\",\n \"text\": \"1982 \\\"Genre fiction 1983 \\\"Genre fiction 1984 \\\"Non-fiction 1985 \\\"Genre fiction 1986 \\\"Non-fiction 1987 \\\"Genre fiction 1988 \\\"Genre fiction 1989 1990 \\\"Genre fiction 1991 1996 1997 \\\"Genre fiction 20th century in literature Literature of the 20th century refers to world literature produced during the 20th century (1901 to 2000). In terms of the Euro-American tradition, the main periods are captured in the bipartite division, Modernist literature and Postmodern literature, flowering from roughly 1900 to 1940 and 1960 to 1990 respectively, divided, as a rule of thumb, by World War II. The somewhat malleable term of contemporary literature is usually applied\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9884812\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century\",\n \"text\": \"were developed in the 20th century. In the first part of the 20th century, measure theory, functional analysis, and topology were established, and significant developments were made in fields such as abstract algebra and probability. The development of set theory and formal logic led to Gödel's incompleteness theorems. Later in the 20th century, the development of computers led to the establishment of a theory of computation. Other computationally-intense results include the study of fractals and a proof of the four color theorem in 1976. One of the prominent traits of the 20th century was the dramatic growth of technology. Organized\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469571\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century events\",\n \"text\": \"20th-century events The 20th-century events include many notable events which occurred throughout the 20th century, which began on January 1, 1901, and ended on December 31, 2000, according to the Gregorian calendar. In Europe, the British Empire achieved the height of its power. Germany and Italy, which came into existence as unified nations in the second half of the 19th century, grew in power, challenging the traditional hegemony of Britain and France. With nationalism in full force at this time, the European powers competed with each other for land, military strength and economic power. On the very first day of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13738911\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"of the sources of inspiration for the show (\\\"To collect photography is to collect the world\\\"). The last works in the show are color portrait photos taken in Suriname by the youngest artist in the show, the Dutch photographer Viviane Sassen. The list of artists represented in the show is presented on the gallery wall as a timeline. In order of appearance (sorted by birth date), they are as follows: Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century Modern Times: Photography in the 20th Century was the first exhibition focussed on artists of the 20th century to be held by the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18379225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in literature\",\n \"text\": \"list has been published since 1942. The best-selling literary works of the 20th century are estimated to be \\\"The Lord of the Rings\\\" (1954/55, 150 million copies), \\\"Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone\\\" (1997, 120 million copies) and \\\"And Then There Were None\\\" (1939, 115 million copies). \\\"The Lord of the Rings\\\" was also voted \\\"book of the century\\\" in various surveys. \\\"Perry Rhodan\\\" (1961 to present) proclaimed as the best-selling book series, with an estimated total of 1 billion copies sold. The \\\"Fin de siècle\\\" movement of the \\\"Belle Époque\\\" persisted into the 20th century, but was brutally cut\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9884806\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"New materials in 20th-century art\",\n \"text\": \"New materials in 20th-century art New materials in 20th-century art were introduced to art making from the very beginning of the century. The introduction of new materials (and techniques) and heretofore non-art materials helped drive change in art during the 20th century. Traditional materials and techniques were not necessarily displaced in the 20th century. Rather, they functioned alongside innovations that came with the 20th century. Such mainstays as oil-on-canvas painting, and sculpting in traditional materials continued right through the 20th century into the 21st century. Furthermore, even \\\"traditional\\\" materials were greatly expanded in the course of the 20th century. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"567793\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"William Hurt\",\n \"text\": \"of \\\"Time\\\" magazine and actress-writer Clare Boothe Luce, through his mother's marriage to Henry Luce's son from his first marriage, Henry Luce III. Hurt was married to Mary Beth Hurt from 1971 to 1982. In the 1980s, Hurt was involved in a lawsuit with Sandra Jennings, who alleged that the two shared a common-law marriage. While he was still married, Hurt and Jennings had begun a relationship in Saratoga Springs, New York, in 1981. Jennings became pregnant in the spring of 1982 which precipitated Hurt's divorce from Mary Beth Hurt, after which Hurt and Jennings relocated to South Carolina, a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1455293\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Steve Earle is a compilation album by Steve Earle. The album was released on August 19, 2003. The release of this album met with mixed reviews. Chip O'Brien of Popmatters, in a review that also examined the driving force behind Best Of compilations, considered this album to be an attempt by MCA to \\\"make a couple of bucks off the portion of his catalog they still had legal access to.\\\" Similarly William Ruhlmann of AllMusic said that this\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10465994\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States The 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States was characterized by a period of continuous growth for the Church in the United States, with Catholics progressively evolving from a small minority to a large minority. In 1900 the Catholic population was 10 million, under the control of 14 Archbishops, 77 bishops, and 12,000 priests . The community had built 10,000 churches, of which two-thirds had resident pastors. Catholic schools educated nearly 1,000,000 children and youth. Catholics were heavily concentrated in the industrial and mining centers of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13887774\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"greater frequency. 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States The 20th-century history of the Catholic Church in the United States was characterized by a period of continuous growth for the Church in the United States, with Catholics progressively evolving from a small minority to a large minority. In 1900 the Catholic population was 10 million, under the control of 14 Archbishops, 77 bishops, and 12,000 priests . The community had built 10,000 churches, of which two-thirds had resident pastors. Catholic schools educated nearly 1,000,000 children and youth. Catholics were heavily concentrated in the industrial and mining centers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13887801\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Ghosts\",\n \"text\": \"to disguise themselves from the playing card people. Jack grows weary of the game, but soon he finds that it may not be a game at all. 20th Century Ghosts 20th Century Ghosts is American author Joe Hill's first published book-length work. A collection of short stories, it was first published in October 2005 in the United Kingdom and released in October 2007 in the United States. \\\"20th Century\\\" Ghosts is the first publication made by American author Joe Hill in October 2005 by PS Publishing which is based in the United Kingdom. The original release was available for pre-sale\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9710244\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"1 year old. In 1999, at the end of the century, the infant mortality rate in the United States declined more than 90% to 7.2 deaths per 1,000 live births. Similarly, maternal mortality rates declined almost 99% to less than 0.1 reported deaths per 1,000 live births. There are a variety of causes for this steep decline in death rates in the 20th century: Despite these tremendous decreases in infant mortality and maternal mortality, the 20th century experienced significant disparities between minority death rates compared to death rates for white mothers. In the 1900s, black women were twice as likely\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469580\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox Records\",\n \"text\": \"Century Fox no longer operates a record company, its music publishing unit Fox Music licenses music heard on Fox feature films or TV shows to other record companies. For example, the rights to the soundtrack of the film \\\"Titanic\\\" are licensed to Sony Music. Also, \\\"Glee\\\" cast albums are licensed to Sony Music's Columbia Records in a 50/50 venture with 20th Century Fox. These albums were issued using the 20th Century Fox TV Records imprint, which was launched in 2009 and distributed by Columbia Records. 20th Century Fox Records 20th Century Fox Records, also known as 20th Fox Records and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3733963\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Handsome Boys of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"DSP Festival\\\" concert in December would also feature disbanded first-generation groups Sechs Kies and Click-B alongside current artists. Rumors also began circulating that HOTSechgodRG's respective idol groups would be reuniting; g.o.d came out of hiatus in May 2014 while Sechs Kies, pioneering girl group S.E.S. and NRG all reunited between 2016 and 2017. Handsome Boys of the 20th Century Handsome Boys of the 20th Century () is a South Korean variety-reality show which aired on the cable channel QTV (). It began airing on April 16, 2013 and ran for two seasons with a total of 29 episodes. The show\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20371723\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Ghosts\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Ghosts 20th Century Ghosts is American author Joe Hill's first published book-length work. A collection of short stories, it was first published in October 2005 in the United Kingdom and released in October 2007 in the United States. \\\"20th Century\\\" Ghosts is the first publication made by American author Joe Hill in October 2005 by PS Publishing which is based in the United Kingdom. The original release was available for pre-sale only through the publishers website. The collection has won several awards including the Bram Stoker Award for Best Fiction Collection, as well as the British Fantasy Award\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9710237\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Catholic Church in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"stated: \\\"The second millennium of Christian history began with a painful wounding of the unity of the Church; the end of this millennium has seen a real commitment to restoring Christian unity.\\\" Pope John Paul II visited other strongly Orthodox areas such as Ukraine, despite lack of welcome at times. He said that healing the divisions between Western and Eastern Christianity was one of his fondest wishes. Catholic Church in the 20th century The Roman Catholic Church in the 20th century had to respond to the challenge of increasing secularization of Western society and persecution resulting from great social unrest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13868869\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in science\",\n \"text\": \"as polio. A massive amount of new technologies were developed in the 20th century. Technologies such as electricity, the incandescent light bulb, the automobile and the phonograph, first developed at the end of the 19th century, were perfected and universally deployed. The first airplane flight occurred in 1903, and by the end of the century large airplanes such as the Boeing 777 and Airbus A330 flew thousands of miles in a matter of hours. The development of the television and computers caused massive changes in the dissemination of information. The 20th century saw mathematics become a major profession. As in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20567811\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"My 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"My 20th Century My 20th Century () is a 1989 Hungarian comedy-drama film written and directed by Ildikó Enyedi. It premiered at the Toronto Festival of Festivals. Enyedi won the Golden Camera award at the 1989 Cannes Film Festival. The film was selected as the Hungarian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 62nd Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. In Budapest in 1880, two twin daughters, Dóra and Lili, are born. After their mother dies, the twins support themselves by selling matches in the street. When they fall asleep one night, two men take\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9860521\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in ichnology\",\n \"text\": \"1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1957 1958 1959 1960 1962 1963 1965 1966 1967 1968 1969 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 20th century in ichnology The 20th century in ichnology refers to advances made between the years 1900 and 1999 in the scientific study of trace fossils, the preserved record of the behavior and physiological processes of ancient life forms, especially fossil footprints. Significant fossil trackway discoveries began almost immediately after the start of the 20th\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18778282\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain\",\n \"text\": \"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain The destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain was a phenomenon brought about by a change in social conditions during which a large number of country houses of varying architectural merit were demolished by their owners. Collectively termed by several authors \\\"the lost houses\\\", the final chapter in the history of these often now-forgotten houses has been described as a cultural tragedy. The British nobility had been demolishing their country houses since the 15th century, when comfort replaced fortification as an essential need. For many, demolishing and rebuilding their country homes became a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14677502\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Maureen McGovern is a 12-track collection of songs that Maureen McGovern recorded for 20th Century Records, which was the first label that she signed with. All seven of her singles for the label are featured on this CD, two of which make their first appearance on an album (\\\"Even Better Than I Know Myself\\\" and \\\"Love Songs Are Getting Harder to Sing\\\"). Inside the album cover are McGovern's discography for 20th Century and a biographical essay written by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11563908\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Limited\",\n \"text\": \"Union Station in Chicago. Otherwise it follows a route similar to the \\\"20th Century's\\\", except west of Whiting, Indiana (near Chicago), where it switches to the former Pennsylvania Railroad's Pittsburgh, Fort Wayne and Chicago Railway. Eastbound train #38—\\\"Advance 20th Century Limited\\\", on February 7, 1930; Sampled at Chicago, Illinois. Westbound train #25—\\\"20th Century Limited\\\", on March 17, 1938; Sampled at New York, New York Eastbound train #26—\\\"20th Century Limited\\\", on September 6, 1943; departing Chicago, Illinois. Westbound train #25—\\\"20th Century Limited\\\", on March 30, 1965, sampled at Cleveland, Ohio The \\\"20th Century Limited\\\" was the setting for a Broadway musical\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3806893\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"1 times Team of Europe Best Czech Player of the 20th Century Czech Basketball Federation and Association of League Clubs pronounced the public inquiry about best Czech basketball men's players of the last century. Voting of fans, journalists and experts decided about winners of the public inquiry. Results of the men's public inquiry was announced by the festive occasion in Karlovy Vary on Saturday June 16th 2001. Best Czech Player of The Last Century: Jiří Zídek Sr. (1944) Results: Player (born) participation Olympic Games (OG), World Championship (WC), European Championship (EC) - medals, others 1 Jiří Zídek (1944) 2 WC,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17330478\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"Best Czech Player of the 20th Century Czech Basketball Federation and Association of League Clubs pronounced the public inquiry about best Czech basketball men's players of the last century. Voting of fans, journalists and experts decided about winners of the public inquiry. Results of the men's public inquiry was announced by the festive occasion in Karlovy Vary on Saturday June 16th 2001. Best Czech Player of The Last Century: Jiří Zídek Sr. (1944) Results: Player (born) participation Olympic Games (OG), World Championship (WC), European Championship (EC) - medals, others 1 Jiří Zídek (1944) 2 WC, 6 EC - 1 silver\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17330473\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th century in science\",\n \"text\": \"20th century in science Science advanced dramatically during the 20th century. There were new and radical developments in the physical, life and human sciences, building on the progress made in the 19th century. In physics, the development of post-Newtonian theories such as special relativity, general relativity, and quantum mechanics led to the development of nuclear weapons. New models of the structure of the atom led to developments in theories of chemistry and the development of new materials such as nylon and plastics. Advances in biology led to large increases in food production, as well as the elimination of diseases such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20567810\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain\",\n \"text\": \"is still subject to debate and re-evaluation. The English country house contents auctions still happen. Destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain The destruction of country houses in 20th-century Britain was a phenomenon brought about by a change in social conditions during which a large number of country houses of varying architectural merit were demolished by their owners. Collectively termed by several authors \\\"the lost houses\\\", the final chapter in the history of these often now-forgotten houses has been described as a cultural tragedy. The British nobility had been demolishing their country houses since the 15th century, when comfort replaced\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14677574\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"CAF Clubs of the 20th Century On 31 December 2000 the Confederation of African Football (CAF) has published a ranking with the most successful clubs of the 20th century in the African continent (CAF African Club of the Century). The ranking was calculated by the exclusively on the basis of performance by African teams throughout their participation in CAF club competitions (from the quarter-finals to final) from 1964 to 2000. Clubs' performance from the Group Stage of the Champions League, international competition run by CAF since 1997, have been included. Regional competitions organized by football associations members to the organization\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13833076\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"the composers' works. The album placed second in \\\"The Wire\\\"s annual critics' poll for record of the year. SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century is an album by American alternative rock band Sonic Youth. It is a double album of versions of pieces by avant-garde composers, performed by Sonic Youth and collaborators. \\\"SYR4\\\" featured works by avant-garde classical composers such as John Cage, Yoko Ono, Steve Reich and Christian Wolff, played by Sonic Youth and several collaborators from the modern avant-garde music scene, such as Christian Marclay, William Winant, Wharton Tiers and Takehisa Kosugi. Unlike other entries in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5020707\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century SYR4: Goodbye 20th Century is an album by American alternative rock band Sonic Youth. It is a double album of versions of pieces by avant-garde composers, performed by Sonic Youth and collaborators. \\\"SYR4\\\" featured works by avant-garde classical composers such as John Cage, Yoko Ono, Steve Reich and Christian Wolff, played by Sonic Youth and several collaborators from the modern avant-garde music scene, such as Christian Marclay, William Winant, Wharton Tiers and Takehisa Kosugi. Unlike other entries in the SYR series, \\\"SYR4\\\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s liner notes were written in English. Thurston Moore and Kim Gordon's daughter Coco Hayley\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5020705\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"sponsored by Union Carbide (\\\"The Discovery Company\\\"), was renamed \\\"The 21st Century\\\". The show's focus changed to the future and to what humankind could look forward to. \\\"The 21st Century\\\" was cancelled after three seasons (its final broadcast was on 4 January 1970). The reason given was that the writers had run out of things to talk about. However, CBS may have wished to replace it with a more commercially successful program. The 20th Century The Twentieth Century was a documentary television program sponsored by the Prudential Insurance Company that ran on the CBS network from 20 October 1957 until\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2903158\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox\",\n \"text\": \"what was then 20th Century Fox and remained as president into the 1960s. Under Freedman's leadership, DeLuxe added two more labs in Chicago and Toronto and processed film from studios other than Fox. 20th Century Fox is known for its searchlight structure logo. Its fanfare was originally composed in 1933 by Alfred Newman, who became the head of Twentieth Century-Fox's music department from 1940 until the 1960s. It was re-recorded in 1935 when 20th Century-Fox was officially established. The original Art Deco iteration of the 20th Century-Fox logo, designed by special effects animator and matte painting artist Emil Kosa Jr.,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1458509\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Catholic Church in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"Catholic Church in the 20th century The Roman Catholic Church in the 20th century had to respond to the challenge of increasing secularization of Western society and persecution resulting from great social unrest and revolutions in several countries. It instituted many reforms, particularly in the 1970s under the Vatican II Council, in order to modernize practices and positions. In this period, Catholic missionaries in the Far East worked to improve education and health care, while evangelizing peoples and attracting numerous followers in China, Taiwan, Korea, and Japan. The Industrial Revolution brought many concerns about the deteriorating working and living conditions\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13868820\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Imaginary 20th Century\",\n \"text\": \"and the curatorial idea for \\\"The Imaginary 20th Century\\\", evolved out of Bistis’ research for “Comic Art: The Paris Salon in Caricature,” a 2003 exhibition organized by the Getty Research Institute. Klein and Bistis started work on the project with support from California Institute of the Arts, though principal support came from ZKM/Center for Art and Media Karlsruhe and the Graham Foundation for Advanced Studies in the Fine Arts. The first iteration of \\\"The Imaginary 20th Century\\\" interface was built by Andreas Kratky, Klein’s collaborator on \\\"Bleeding Through\\\". It premiered in 2007, in \\\"YOU-ser: The Century of the Consumer,\\\" an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19635678\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Decade\",\n \"text\": \"1960 to 1969, \\\"the 197th decade\\\" spans 1961 through 1970. A decade may also refer to an arbitrary span of ten years. For example, the statement \\\"during his last decade, Mozart explored chromatic harmony to a degree rare at the time\\\", merely refers to the last ten years of Mozart's life without regard to which calendar years are encompassed. Particularly for the 20th century, a nominal decade is often used to refer not just to a set of ten years but rather to a period roughly approximating those ten years - for example, the phrase \\\"the sixties\\\" often refers to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3218264\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox Records\",\n \"text\": \"and contracts for then-current artists including Stephanie Mills, Dusty Springfield and Carl Carlton had folded into and became part of the Casablanca label, which PolyGram had purchased in 1977. Universal Music Group now owns the old 20th Century-Fox Records catalog with reissues handled by UMG sub-label Mercury Records. Soundtracks which 20th Century Fox owns are controlled by Fox Music. It was relaunched in 1992 as Fox Records in a joint venture with BMG Music. One of the artists of the label was Jamie Foxx. It folded again in 1995. Even though 20th Century Fox or its current parent company 21st\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3733962\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Italian Art of the Twentieth Century\",\n \"text\": \"6 on three exhibitions on Italian artists born in the twenties (1981), ten years (1982) and First decade (1985) of the twentieth century. Since 1993, publisher Bora of Bologna has started publishing encyclopedia volumes. In 1999 Di Genova was among the founders of MAGI '900, the museum in Pieve di Cento, which aims to set up an anthological collection of 20th century Italian art, becoming the museum's equivalent to the encyclopedic contents of the \\\"History of Art.\\\" The work is divided into seven volumes. It features fivethousand artists, with over thirty-five thousand names listed in the analytical index. There are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20308361\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"History of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century The history of Jewish education in the United States before the 20th century is as old as the United States itself; it is a part of overall U.S. Jewish history. That history begins early in the history of the first Jewish congregation in New York. Attached to that congregation was a school in which secular as well as Hebrew branches were taught. It was one of the earliest general schools in America; poor children received tuition-free instruction. Religious instruction was established in connection with most of the early\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4049828\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox Records\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Fox Records 20th Century Fox Records, also known as 20th Fox Records and 20th Century Records, was a wholly owned subsidiary of film studio 20th Century Fox. The history of the label actually covers three distinct 20th Century Fox-related operations in the analog era, ranging chronologically from about 1938 to 1981. 20th Century Fox Film Corporation was formed through the merger of Darryl F. Zanuck's Twentieth Century Pictures with the Fox Film Corporation on May 31, 1935. Before the merger, Fox Film Corporation tried out a couple of short-lived record labels in conjunction with its Movietone sound system.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3733946\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Death rates in the 20th century\",\n \"text\": \"so. Fertility rates and consequently live birth rates declined over the century, while age-adjusted death rates fell more dramatically. Children in 1999 were 10 times less likely to die than children in 1900. For adults 24–65, death rates have been halved. The death rate for Americans aged 65 to 74 fell from nearly 7% per year to fewer than 2% per year. The introduction of vaccines for several diseases led to reduced mortality from them. Again developed countries felt the greatest benefit. In the 20th century, vaccines became available for many diseases which caused deaths: diphtheria, pertussis, tuberculosis, tetanus, yellow\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469578\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th-century philosophy\",\n \"text\": \"20th-century philosophy 20th-century philosophy saw the development of a number of new philosophical schools—including logical positivism, analytic philosophy, phenomenology, existentialism, and poststructuralism. In terms of the eras of philosophy, it is usually labelled as \\\"contemporary philosophy\\\" (succeeding modern philosophy, which runs roughly from the time of René Descartes until the late 19th to early 20th centuries). As with other academic disciplines, philosophy increasingly became professionalized in the twentieth century, and a split emerged between philosophers who considered themselves part of either the \\\"analytic\\\" or \\\"Continental\\\" traditions. However, there have been disputes regarding both the terminology and the reasons behind the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3419035\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Boys\",\n \"text\": \"asked about it being due to his request in 2012, Urasawa was surprised saying that he did not know about that and simply suggested Viz did not know which order to publish the two series. In 2017 Viz licensed the \\\"kanzenban\\\" editions of both \\\"20th Century Boys\\\" and \\\"21st Century Boys\\\". The first volume of \\\"20th Century Boys: The Perfect Edition\\\" was published on September 18, 2018. Viz's initial release was distributed in Australasia by Madman Entertainment. The series has also been licensed in Germany by Planet Manga, France by Génération Comics, Hong Kong by Jade Dynasty, the Netherlands by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5078547\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Fox Television\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Fox Television Twentieth Century Fox Television (or 'TCF TV or TCFTV, stylized as 20th Century Fox Television) is the television production division of 20th Century Fox, and a production arm of the Fox Television Group (both are owned by Rupert Murdoch's 21st Century Fox). 20th Television is the syndication and distribution arm of 20th Century Fox Television. On December 14, 2017, The Walt Disney Company announced plans to purchase assets of 21st Century Fox, including 20th Century Fox Television, for $52.4 billion. 20th Century Fox Television was formed in 1949 as other studios were branching out into television\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8193987\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 20th Century Fox Hour\",\n \"text\": \"The 20th Century Fox Hour The 20th Century Fox Hour is an American drama anthology series televised in the United States on CBS from 1955 to 1957. Some of the shows in this series were restored, remastered and shown on the Fox Movie Channel in 2002 under the title Hour of Stars (its title when the series was originally syndicated after 1957). The season one episode \\\"Overnight Haul\\\", starring Richard Conte and Lizabeth Scott, was released in Australia as a feature film. Presenting both originals and remakes, \\\"The 20th Century Fox Hour\\\" was telecast on Wednesday nights at 10pm, alternating\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9155766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime is a compilation album by the band Sublime. The album was released by MCA/Gasoline Alley in 2002. The compilation contains ten songs, most of which also appear on Sublime's 1999 \\\"Greatest Hits\\\" set. The latter's \\\"Pool Shark\\\" and \\\"40 Oz. to Freedom\\\" are replaced on this release with \\\"April 29, 1992 (Miami)\\\" and \\\"Greatest Hits\\\", a track from the band's 1998 live album \\\"Stand by Your Van\\\". \\\"20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Sublime\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18033301\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"20th Century Technology Museum\",\n \"text\": \"20th Century Technology Museum The 20th Century Technology Museum is located in Wharton, Texas, United States, and displays examples of technology from the 20th century. The museum is a non-profit organization and opened its gallery in July 2005 on the first floor of the former Wharton County Jail, which was constructed in 1888. The museum's collection consists mostly of smaller items, such as radios, but also has a few experimental aircraft, including an ornithopter and a Rutan VariEze, which is displayed in front of the museum. Many items on display in the museum are in working condition and may either\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5991990\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["the fifties","1950s","1950-1959","50's","1950's","1950–1959","nineteen-fifties","1950s (decade)","1950ies","1950's","'50s","195%3f","fifties"],"string":"[\n \"the fifties\",\n \"1950s\",\n \"1950-1959\",\n \"50's\",\n \"1950's\",\n \"1950–1959\",\n \"nineteen-fifties\",\n \"1950s (decade)\",\n \"1950ies\",\n \"1950's\",\n \"'50s\",\n \"195%3f\",\n \"fifties\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":79,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in what year were us ground troops first dispatched to vietnam?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"CIA activities in Vietnam","text":"planning an immediate takeover, but are concentrating on psychological operations to increase unrest in the south and among American forces. Special National Intelligence Estimate 10-9-65, was done to assess the reactions, in various parts of the world, to an escalation of US attacks on North Vietnam. This estimate is especially significant in the conflict between the White House and the military & intelligence community. By summer of 1965 there were more than 125000 US ground troops in Vietnam and there did not seem to be an end in sight for their continuous arrival. In August 1965, after Prime Minister Quat","psg_id":"11884334"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"CIA activities in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"planning an immediate takeover, but are concentrating on psychological operations to increase unrest in the south and among American forces. Special National Intelligence Estimate 10-9-65, was done to assess the reactions, in various parts of the world, to an escalation of US attacks on North Vietnam. This estimate is especially significant in the conflict between the White House and the military & intelligence community. By summer of 1965 there were more than 125000 US ground troops in Vietnam and there did not seem to be an end in sight for their continuous arrival. In August 1965, after Prime Minister Quat\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884334\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"Task Force in Phước Tuy Province. Australia, with decades of experience from both the Malayan Emergency and its AATTV role in 1962, recognised the necessity of a true counter-insurgency, which relied on providing village-level security, establishing civilian trust and economic incentives and improving ARVN capabilities. This brought Australian commanders into conflict with Westmoreland's conventional attrition warfare approach, since Australian ground forces were required to follow US doctrine. Nevertheless, Australian forces were generally the most capable at counter-insurgency, and they helped to train Regional Forces despite being under significant doctrinal constraints. Some 10,450 Filipino troops were dispatched to South Vietnam and","psg_id":"447380"},{"title":"Dispatched","text":"Dispatched Dispatched were a Swedish melodic death metal band from Södertälje (originally from the Gnesta Municipality) formed in 1992. Dispatched was formed just before New Year's Eve, 1991 by Daniel Lundberg and Krister Andersson. Jonas Kimbrell and Emanuel Astrom joined the band later that same year. They then recorded their first demo, \"Dispatched into External\", at Stone Studio]. In early 1993, they recorded two more demo tapes that helped the band gain more positive attention from labels. One year later, Dispatched returned to the Unisound studio to record a whole eleven-song album, which was supposed to be released in full","psg_id":"4930589"},{"title":"1964 in the Vietnam War","text":"Vietnam and the introduction of U.S. combat troops into South Vietnam. By year's end, the 23,000 U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam were still technically \"advisers\" (although they participated in many air and ground operations with the ARVN), but Johnson was contemplating U.S. ground troops. At the time, most of the reports and conversations mentioned below were secret; they were not made public for many years. U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. reported to Washington that the new President of South Vietnam Dương Văn Minh told him that he opposed American soldiers going into villages and districts","psg_id":"14427997"},{"title":"1968 in the Vietnam War","text":"Adams' iconic image of South Vietnamese General Nguyễn Ngọc Loan's execution of a Viet Cong operative was taken in 1968. The year also saw Walter Cronkite's call to honourably exit Vietnam because he thought the war was lost. This negative impression forced the US into the Paris peace talks with North Vietnam. US troop numbers peaked in 1968 with President Johnson approving an increased maximum number of US troops in Vietnam at 549,500. The year was the most expensive in the Vietnam War with the American spending US$ (US$ in 2019) on the war. The year also became the deadliest","psg_id":"14360792"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"South Korea (a.k.a. the Republic of Korea, ROK) had the second-largest contingent of foreign troops in South Vietnam after the United States. In November 1961, President Park Chung-hee proposed South Korean participation in the war to John F. Kennedy, but Kennedy disagreed as they were not SEATO treaty members. On 1 May 1964, Lyndon Johnson agreed to permit South Korean participation under the Many-Flags Program in return for monetary compensation. The first South Korean troops began arriving in 1964 and large combat formations began arriving a year later. The ROK Marine Corps dispatched their 2nd Marine Brigade, while the ROK","psg_id":"447373"},{"title":"Dispatched labor","text":"At this time, labor dispatching was popularized in America, Japan and all over Europe. The most important and common labor dispatching in America was founded in 1946 to 1951. For example, the biggest dispatched work agency at present, Manpower, was founded in 1948. According to statistics from NAPEO, the growth of labor dispatching in the US keeps to roughly 20% per year. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Belgium, France, UK, the Netherlands, Norway and America already had the service of labor dispatching, and most well-established dispatched work agencies were founded at during this period. In Japan, labor dispatching","psg_id":"18083062"},{"title":"Cannabis in Vietnam","text":"in areas controlled by the Hòa Hảo sect, for fear of driving them to join the National Liberation Front. In the 1960s, the United States government became concerned with cannabis use by US troops in the Vietnam War. Though alcohol was the drug most commonly used by American troops in the Vietnam War, cannabis was the second-most common. Initially rates of usage among deployed soldiers were comparable to those of their stateside peers, with 29% of troops departing Vietnam in 1967 reporting having ever used marijuana in their lives. A 1976 study however showed that from 1967–1971, the proportion of","psg_id":"20493358"},{"title":"Vietnam","text":"at Huế. Facing an increasing casualty count, rising domestic opposition to the war, and growing international condemnation, the US began withdrawing from ground combat roles in the early 1970s. This process also entailed an unsuccessful effort to strengthen and stabilise South Vietnam. Following the Paris Peace Accords of 27 January 1973, all American combat troops were withdrawn by 29 March 1973. In December 1974, North Vietnam captured the province of Phước Long and started a full-scale offensive, culminating in the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. South Vietnam was briefly ruled by a provisional government for almost eight years","psg_id":"1637698"},{"title":"What Happened to Us","text":"the song with Stan Walker during the Australian leg of Chris Brown's F.A.M.E. Tour in April 2011. Mauboy and Walker later performed \"What Happened to Us\" on \"Dancing with the Stars Australia\" on 29 May 2011. From November 2013 to February 2014, \"What Happened to Us\" was part of the set list of the To the End of the Earth Tour, Mauboy's second headlining tour of Australia, with Nathaniel Willemse singing Sean's part. Source: What Happened to Us \"What Happened to Us\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written","psg_id":"15296683"},{"title":"What Happened to Us","text":"What Happened to Us \"What Happened to Us\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written by Sean, Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim and Israel Cruz. \"What Happened to Us\" was leaked online in October 2010, and was released on 10 March 2011, as the third single from Mauboy's second studio album, \"Get 'Em Girls\" (2010). The song received positive reviews from critics. A remix of \"What Happened to Us\" made by production team OFM, was released on 11 April 2011. A different version of","psg_id":"15296676"},{"title":"What Happened to Us","text":"wondrous interior décor\". He also commended Mauboy for choosing Australian talent to direct the video instead of American directors, which she had used for her previous two music videos. Since its release, the video has received over two million views on Vevo. Mauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" live for the first time during her YouTube Live Sessions program on 4 December 2010. She also appeared on \"Adam Hills in Gordon Street Tonight\" on 23 February 2011 for an interview and later performed the song. On 15 March 2011, Mauboy performed \"What Happened to Us\" on \"Sunrise\". She also performed","psg_id":"15296682"},{"title":"What Will Happen to Us","text":"What Will Happen to Us What Will Happen to Us () is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Giovanni Veronesi. In Rome three friends end to give the exams in last year of grammar high school, and grant a lovely summer holiday in Greece, on the island of Santorini. Matteo is a young problematic and indifferent, which is hoping for a ransom of his controversial personality through love. Manuel is a gruff guy who hates his father, and hopes for a better future for himself, because he does not want to work at the pet store with her","psg_id":"18109690"},{"title":"What Will Happen to Us","text":"mother. Paolo is the more shy of the group, who is in search of himself and of love. In Greece the three know beautiful girls, however also suffer betrayals of love. At the end of the story, only Manuel discovers himself, becoming more loving and positive towards life. What Will Happen to Us What Will Happen to Us () is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Giovanni Veronesi. In Rome three friends end to give the exams in last year of grammar high school, and grant a lovely summer holiday in Greece, on the island of Santorini. Matteo","psg_id":"18109691"},{"title":"1964 in the Vietnam War","text":"will be won from the air, and it seems to me that what is much more needed and would be more effective is a larger and stronger use of Rangers and Special Forces and Marines, or other appropriate military strength on the ground.\" Johnson said, \"I myself am ready to substantially increase the number of Americans fighting in Vietnam.\" Two hundred and sixteen American soldiers were killed in the Vietnam War in 1964. 23,310 U.S. military personnel were in South Vietnam at the end of the year. The South Vietnamese armed forces suffered 7,457 killed in action, about 30 percent","psg_id":"14428050"},{"title":"1972 in the Vietnam War","text":"this weekend.\" Anti-war demonstrators protested the bombing of North Vietnam throughout the United States. Hundreds of protesters were arrested. Several North Vietnamese MiG-17F fighter-bombers attacked United States Navy warships in the Battle of Đồng Hới. This was the first air attack on U.S. warships of the Vietnam War. One US destroyer was damaged. The U.S. navy sunk several motor torpedo boats and shot down several North Vietnamese war planes and also engaged shore batteries in North Vietnam. President Nixon announced that American troops would be reduced in numbers in South Vietnam from 69,000 on this date to 49,000 by 1","psg_id":"14425347"},{"title":"Koreans in Vietnam","text":"of Foreign Affairs and Trade, they numbered roughly eighty thousand people, making them the second-largest Korean diaspora community in Southeast Asia, after the Korean community in the Philippines, and the tenth-largest in the world. A more recent estimate from Vietnam Television says their population might be as large as 130,000. Both North and South Korea lent material and manpower support to their respective ideological allies during the Vietnam War, though the number of South Korean troops on the ground was larger. Then-South Korean president Syngman Rhee had offered to send troops to Vietnam as early as 1954, but his proposal","psg_id":"9955994"},{"title":"CIA activities in Vietnam","text":"the military and diplomats, and Lansdale was no longer involved with Vietnam. On May 11, 1961, President Kennedy gave the authorization to begin \"a program for covert actions to be carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency which would precede and remain in force after any commitment of US forces to South Vietnam.\" Kennedy was giving the CIA the job of preparing for the eventual landing of US troops. Later that year, in October 1961 the Director of Central Intelligence Allen Dulles approved a massive counterinsurgency program with the goal of launching a \"village defense program in the lightly populated","psg_id":"11884314"},{"title":"What Happened to Us","text":"the song which features Stan Walker, was released on 29 May 2011. \"What Happened to Us\" charted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 14 and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). An accompanying music video was directed by Mark Alston, and reminisces on a former relationship between Mauboy and Sean. \"What Happened to Us\" was written by Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz and Jay Sean. It was produced by Skaller, Cruz, Rohaim and Bobby Bass. The song uses C, D, and B minor chords in the chorus. \"What","psg_id":"15296677"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"were destroyed. Presidential adviser and future Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford in a letter to President Johnson said, \"I believe our ground forces in South Vietnam should be kept to a minimum, consistent with the protection of our installations and property in that country ... This could be a quagmire. It could turn into an open end commitment on our part that would take more and more ground troops, without a realistic hope of ultimate victory.\" \"Quagmire\" would later become a common word use to describe U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Eight hundred soldiers of the Australian Defence Force","psg_id":"14427205"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"commitment to combat of U.S. ground troops.\" The Pentagon endorsed Westmoreland's request for additional soldiers which would bring the total of American military personnel in Vietnam up to 117,000, plus 20,000 third-country troops, by November 1. General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu was appointed by the military junta as President of South Vietnam. Senator J. William Fulbright, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations said on national television that the U.S. should negotiate directly with North Vietnam and make \"major concessions\" to end the Vietnam War. Fulbright's statement was criticized by prominent Republicans; former Vice President Richard Nixon said that negotiations","psg_id":"14427209"},{"title":"1961 in the Vietnam War","text":"government throughout the Vietnam War, but had only a limited influence on the Kennedy and Johnson Administrations. The report of a high-level study group headed by Undersecretary of Defense Roswell Gilpatric said that \"South Vietnam is nearing the decisive phase of its battle for survival\" and that the situation is \"critical but not hopeless.\" It recommended that the United States show \"our friends, the Vietnamese, and our foes, the Viet Cong, that come what may, the US intends to win this battle.\" A cease fire was declared in Laos between communist rebels (the Pathet Lao) and government troops. President Kennedy","psg_id":"14427525"},{"title":"Air transport in Vietnam","text":"and commercialization of air transportation. The aviation sector expanded greatly during its formative years, expanding from a few aircraft in what was then North Vietnam to eventually include a fleet of over 50 aircraft (including both Soviet- and US-made) in a unified Vietnam after 1976. Infrastructure was improved during this time, as airports country-wide were equipped with better facilities and materials for flight management and operations. CAAV grew to serve around 250,000 passengers a year, both domestically and on international routes to China, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. On 9 December 2004, United Airlines made history when its Boeing 747-400 landed","psg_id":"15379369"},{"title":"What Happened to Us","text":"a \"mid-tempo duet ballad\" which signifies Mauboy's strength as a global player. On 21 March 2011, \"What Happened to Us\" debuted at number 30 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and peaked at number 14 the following week. The song was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for selling 70,000 copies. \"What Happened to Us\" spent a total of ten weeks in the ARIA top fifty. The music video for the song was shot in the Elizabeth Bay House in Sydney on 26 November 2010. The video was shot during Sean's visit to Australia for the Summerbeatz tour.","psg_id":"15296679"},{"title":"America in Vietnam","text":"America in Vietnam America in Vietnam is a book by Guenter Lewy about America's role in the Vietnam War. The book is highly influential, although it has remained controversial even decades after its publication. Lewy contends that the United States' actions in Vietnam were neither illegal nor immoral, and that tales of American atrocities were greatly exaggerated in what he understands as a \"veritable industry\" of war crimes allegations. The text returned to the limelight during the 2004 US Presidential Election, when it was cited by several groups supporting the reelection of George W. Bush, in contending that Democratic presidential","psg_id":"5809090"},{"title":"1968 in the Vietnam War","text":"1968 in the Vietnam War The year 1968 saw major developments in the Vietnam War. The military operations started with an attack on a US base by the Vietnam People's Army (NVA) and the Viet Cong on January 1, ending a truce declared by the Pope and agreed upon by all sides. At the end of January, the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong launched the Tet Offensive. Hanoi erred monumentally in its certainty that the offensive would trigger a supportive uprising of the population. NVA and Viet Cong troops throughout the South, from Hue to the Mekong Delta, attacked","psg_id":"14360790"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"of a full division of American troops. Ambassador Taylor had not been present at the meeting and he protested that \"Recent actions relating to the introduction of U.S. ground forces have tended to create an eagerness in some quarters to deploy forces into SVN (South Vietnam) which I find difficult to understand.\" Taylor opposed the introduction of American ground troops for offensive operations, believing they should be restricted to coastal \"enclaves.\" General Westmoreland disagreed, believing that enclaves were \"an inglorious, static use of U.S. forces...that would leave the decision of when and where to strike to the enemy.\" In Washington,","psg_id":"14427197"},{"title":"Australian Army Training Team Vietnam","text":"later. Serong would later be seconded, and in one capacity or another would remain in Vietnam until the fall of Saigon in 1975, serving as a senior advisor to both the US and South Vietnamese governments. On arrival, the unit joined a large group of US advisors and were dispersed across South Vietnam in small groups. Three groups were dispatched to South Vietnam's northern provinces, training members of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) at the National Training Centre at Dong Da and South Vietnamese Regional Forces (RF) at Hiep Khanh, while a fourth was based at the","psg_id":"4928406"},{"title":"1961 in the Vietnam War","text":"implementation of the expanded military aid to South Vietnam. He listed three tenets: (1) We have great authority from the President; (2) Money is no object; and (3) The one restriction is that combat troops will not be introduced. In closing the meeting McNamara said the job of the U.S. military \"was to win in South Viet Nam and if we weren't winning to tell him what was needed to win.\" Cryptologist Corporal James T. Davis became the first American member of the United States Army Security Agency to be killed in Vietnam. He and 8 South Vietnamese soldiers were","psg_id":"14427555"},{"title":"South Korea in the Vietnam War","text":"second half. Corruption did occur in which US-issued weapons were re-directed and sold to Korean ships for re-sale to the Korean government and supplementing the arsenal of Korean forces stationed in Korea, whom were still given M1 Garand rifles instead of the newer-issue M16 rifle given out to ARVN and ROK forces in South Vietnam The withdrawal process had negatively impacted Korean-US relations, despite economic benefits gained, with Nixon and Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird considering simultaneous withdrawal from both Korea and Vietnam. Due to Vietnamization US troops begun withdrawing since 1970, which had caused disagreement with the South Korean","psg_id":"17631871"},{"title":"1963 in the Vietnam War","text":"25 percent more than the total killed in the previous year. North Vietnam had infiltrated about 40,000 cadres and fighters into South Vietnam over a period of several years. They made up about 50 percent of the Viet Cong army and 80 percent of political operatives and technical personnel. They consisted mostly of southerners who had migrated north in 1954–1955 to reside in a communist state rather than remain in South Vietnam. Units of the North Vietnamese army had not yet been dispatched to South Vietnam. 1963 in the Vietnam War The defeat of the South Vietnamese Army (ARVN) in","psg_id":"14427680"},{"title":"1968 in the Vietnam War","text":"President Lyndon Johnson addresses the nation, announcing steps to limit the war in Vietnam and reporting his decision not to seek reelection. The speech announces the first in a series of limitations on US bombing, promising to halt these activities above the 20th parallel. United States Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford gets the President to authorize 24,500 more troops on an emergency basis, raising authorized strength to the Vietnam War's peak of 549,500, a figure never reached. Operation Toan Thang I was a US and ARVN operation conducted between 8 April 1968 and 31 May 1968. Toan Thang, or \"Complete","psg_id":"14360802"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"gun of the US army at the time and many of them were put on helicopters, to provide suppressive fire. The MAC-10 machine pistol was supplied to many special forces troops in the midpoint of the war. Two aircraft that were prominent in the war were the AC-130 \"Spectre\" Gunship and the UH-1 \"Huey\" gunship. The AC-130 was a heavily armed ground-attack aircraft variant of the C-130 Hercules transport plane. The Huey is a military helicopter powered by a single, turboshaft engine, and approximately 7,000 UH-1 aircraft saw service in Vietnam. The U.S. heavily armored, 90 mm M48A3 Patton tank","psg_id":"447410"},{"title":"China in the Vietnam War","text":"the revolution deeper into Southeast Asia via the Indochinese internationalist model. Then relations changes in the late 1960s, as the Cultural Revolution and Maoist visions of permanent revolutionary struggle ran up against important and extremely complex geostrategic differences in Vietnam in the war against the US. Nonetheless, the Chinese continued to supply massive amounts of military and economic aid, as well as sending over 300,000 military support troops into northern Vietnam. Internationalism did suffer a serious blow, plus the Sino-Soviet split, which brought damage to the relations between China, the Soviet Union and of course, Vietnam. Vietnam War: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War First","psg_id":"20886014"},{"title":"America in Vietnam","text":"context of the 2004 US Presidential Election. Presidential hopeful John Kerry had been involved with the Winter Soldier Investigation; in the context of the campaign, Lewy's suggestion that the Winter Soldier Investigation was dishonest and politically motivated was frequently cited to impugn John Kerry's reputation. Vietnam Veterans Against the War, the group of which Kerry had been a part, alleged that American troops had committed atrocities in Vietnam. Lewy suggests that the group used \"fake witnesses\" in the Winter Soldier hearing in Detroit, and that its allegations were formally investigated: The results of the investigation, carried out by the Naval","psg_id":"5809106"},{"title":"Dispatched labor","text":"out of 10 laborers were hired by dispatched work agencies. In addition, according to the statistics of America Staffing Association, 90% of American enterprises used the services provided from labor dispatching industry. This illustrated how ingrained the concept of labor dispatching had become in American society. In Japan, since making the law of labor dispatching in 1985, labor dispatching developed rapidly, leading to the development of 615 general dispatched work agencies, 3,266 specific dispatched work agencies, and 1.4 billion dispatched laborers. As of 1998, there were 3026 general dispatched work agencies, 6985 specific dispatched work agencies, and 9 billion dispatched","psg_id":"18083065"},{"title":"1961 in the Vietnam War","text":"of the U.S. Army to respond to Kennedy's emphasis on developing a greater capability in counterinsurgency, although the U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group began providing counterinsurgency training to the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) and other security forces. The Kennedy Administration debated internally about introducing U.S. combat troops into South Vietnam, but Kennedy decided against ground soldiers. The CIA began assisting Montagnard irregular forces, American pilots began flying combat missions to support South Vietnamese ground forces, and Kennedy authorized the use of herbicides (Agent Orange) to kill vegetation near roads threatened by the Viet Cong. By the end of the year,","psg_id":"14427513"},{"title":"Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops","text":"Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT, pronounced ) is a combat helmet and ballistic vest that was used by the United States military from the early 1980s until the mid-2000s, when the helmet and vest were succeeded by the Lightweight Helmet (LWH), Modular Integrated Communications Helmet (MICH), and Interceptor Body Armor (IBA) respectively. Designed in the mid-1970s as a replacement for the M1 helmet and previous fragmentation vests, prototypes of the PASGT were tested in the late 1970s before being fielded in the early 1980s. In the early 2000s, the PASGT vest was","psg_id":"3648172"},{"title":"People's Army of Vietnam","text":"the U.S. Army completely. Our intentions were to fight a long time and cause heavy casualties to the United States, so the United States would see that the war was unwinnable and would leave. During the Vietnamese Lunar New Year Tết holiday starting on 30 January 1968, the PAVN launched a general offensive in more than 60 cities and towns throughout south of Vietnam against the US Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam-(ARVN), beginning with operations in the border region to try and draw US forces and ARVN troops out of the major cities. In sequential coordinated attacks,","psg_id":"443109"},{"title":"Dispatched","text":"members of Dispatched decided to break up. Despite their break-up, many of Dispatched's fans requested a release of the band's last unreleased album, \"\", and a deal was made in 2003 to release this recording under Medusa Productions]. The band apparently got back together in 2004, and is currently on hold as they have no place to rehearse since Daniel Lundberg has moved far from the other band members. Dispatched Dispatched were a Swedish melodic death metal band from Södertälje (originally from the Gnesta Municipality) formed in 1992. Dispatched was formed just before New Year's Eve, 1991 by Daniel Lundberg","psg_id":"4930594"},{"title":"South Korea in the Vietnam War","text":"government.The US had also withdrew the 7th Division from the Korean peninsula while placing the 2nd Division in the rear which soured relations between Korea and the US. In 1969 the South Korean army accounted for 9% of the foreign troops stationed in South Vietnam (US Army 475,200, ROK Army 49,755), by the end of 1972, the South Korean army accounted for 60.5% of foreign troops (US Army 24,200, ROK Army 37,438). US Marine Aviation assets that supported the Blue Dragon troops withdrew completely in May 1971 while the combat role of Korean troops continued. Around the time of the","psg_id":"17631872"},{"title":"1971 in the Vietnam War","text":"Exchanges in South Vietnam. President Nixon ordered the initiation of Operation Proud Deep Alpha, an intensive five-day bombing campaign against military targets in North Vietnam just north of they border above the 17th parallel of latitude. The number of U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 156,800, down from more than 500,000 three years earlier. 1971 in the Vietnam War U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 334,600 on 31 December 1970. The United States Congress adopted the revised Cooper-Church Amendment which prohibited the introduction of U.S. ground troops or advisers into Cambodia and declared that U.S. aid to Cambodia","psg_id":"14423050"},{"title":"Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War","text":"the Many Flags program, hoping to counter the communist propaganda that South Vietnam was merely a US puppet state and to involve as many nations as possible. Thus Australia, as an ally of the United States with obligations under the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) and ANZUS Pacts, and in the hope of shoring up its alliance with the US, became involved in the Vietnam War. Between 1962 and 1972 it would send almost 60,000 personnel to Vietnam, including ground troops, naval forces and air assets, and would contribute large amounts of material to the war effort. While assisting the","psg_id":"8164880"},{"title":"1971 in the Vietnam War","text":"1971 in the Vietnam War U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 334,600 on 31 December 1970. The United States Congress adopted the revised Cooper-Church Amendment which prohibited the introduction of U.S. ground troops or advisers into Cambodia and declared that U.S. aid to Cambodia should not be considered a commitment to the defense of Cambodia. United States Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird said that the \"Vietnamization\" of the war was running ahead of schedule and that the combat mission of the U.S. troops would end in summer 1971. The last herbicide spraying by the United States to defoliate forests","psg_id":"14423035"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"United States and its allies, which, will, in conjunction with current actions, lead in due time to successful accomplishment of US aims and objectives.\" What came to be called \"A Program for the Pacification and Long-Term Development of South Vietnam\" (PROVN) would be completed on 1 March 1966. President Johnson requested an additional appropriation of $700 million for the Vietnam War during the remainder of the fiscal year. The request was approved by Congress 2 days later. Johnson indicated that he might have to request additional funds. Soldiers from the 173rd Airborne Brigade arrived in Vietnam. The brigade would be","psg_id":"14427201"},{"title":"Japanese people in Vietnam","text":"to Vietnam. During World War II, on September 22, 1940, Japan invaded Vietnam and began constructing military bases to strike against the Allies in Southeast Asia. Japanese troops remained in Vietnam until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. Some Japanese troops from the IJA stayed in Vietnam and were recruited into the ranks of the Viet Minh as NCO's and Officers were needed to train the Viet Minh in modern tactics. Some also simply assimilated and adopted Vietnamese names, as they had Vietnamese wives and girlfriends. In recent years, many natives of Japan have migrated to Vietnam, mostly to","psg_id":"15793509"},{"title":"1964 in the Vietnam War","text":"and Vietnam's central highlands. Former President John F. Kennedy's brother, Robert Kennedy, said in an oral interview for the Kennedy Library that President Kennedy had \"a strong, overwhelming reason for being in Vietnam and that we should win the war in Vietnam.\" Kennedy denied that any consideration had been given by the President to withdrawing from Vietnam. He equivocated on the introduction of U.S. ground troops into Vietnam, saying that \"we'd face that when we came to it.\" Viet Cong commandos eluded detection and placed an explosive on the USS Card, an escort aircraft carrier of World War II vintage.","psg_id":"14428008"},{"title":"Vietnam! Vietnam!","text":"went through numerous cuts and script alterations over a three-year period and, when finally released, managed to offend almost everyone. Critical reviews were unfavorable. USIA Director Frank Shakespeare left the decision on whether to order a copy of the film up to individual US Embassies abroad, and only a few did. Vietnam! Vietnam! Vietnam, Vietnam was a United States Information Agency (USIA) film about the Vietnam War. The film, narrated by Charlton Heston, was shot on location in Vietnam in October–December 1968 but not released until 1971. Though John Ford, the executive producer, went to Vietnam, he did not participate","psg_id":"15589584"},{"title":"Dispatched","text":"release. Between the August 3 and 7, 1998 Dispatched visited The Abyss, with Tommy Tägtgren to record the MCD \"Promised Land\". Dispatched signed a one-MCD deal with Kshatryas Productions of Germany, and released \"Promised Land\" in late 1998. In 1999, the band began rehearsing for a full-length album. In October, they entered Studio Abyss again with Tägtgren as producer. Two weeks were booked, but Dispatched was well-prepared and used only twelve days for the recording of ten new songs. The band had already received offers from several record companies before the session, but they refused to sign anything. Now with","psg_id":"4930592"},{"title":"1973 in the Vietnam War","text":"Nixon promised continued economic aid to South Vietnam, dependent upon U.S. congressional approval, and Thieu pledged to never ask the United States to reintroduce American troops into South Vietnam. The US and North Vietnam issued a joint communique calling on all parties to observe the 28 January ceasefire agreement with effect from 15 June. The Case–Church Amendment approved by the U.S. Congress and signed into law prohibited further U.S. military activity in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia after 15 August 1973. This ended direct U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War, although the U.S. continued to provide military equipment and economic","psg_id":"14425465"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"Vietnam was a matter of much debate. One U.S. government estimate was that the Viet Cong army consisted of 40,000 full-time fighters and 80,000 to 100,000 part-time guerrillas. The Department of Defense's fact book estimated that the Viet Cong numbered less than 200,000 plus 39,175 political cadre. These numbers presumably included thousands of fighters and cadre infiltrated from North Vietnam during the previous five years. The first North Vietnamese army units dispatched to South Vietnam, consisting of three regiments (about 5,000 men), had arrived in South Vietnam in late 1964. A junior-level CIA analyst, Samuel A. Adams, had just begun","psg_id":"14427172"},{"title":"CIA activities in Vietnam","text":"Vietnam to treat refugees and to train Vietnamese medical personnel. The second pacification operation was launched late April 1955 in the southern Dinh Dinh and northern Phu Yen portion of Central Vietnam. Northern Vietnamese troops needed a way to link themselves with their allies in Southern Vietnam. The Viet Cong and Northern Vietnamese soldiers were able to supply troops and military operations through secret tunnels and the Ho Chi Minh trail. The Ho Chi Minh trail was an interlocking trail system that was created through the borders of Laos and Cambodia that reach from North Vietnam to South Vietnam. During","psg_id":"11884309"},{"title":"Dispatched labor","text":"between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies. As long as the relationship between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies exists, whether dispatched workers engage in dispatched jobs or not, dispatched work agencies still have to pay wages to dispatched workers. Registered: There is no irregular labor relationship between dispatched work agencies and dispatched workers. Dispatched workers merely go to dispatched work agencies to register. Only when client enterprises ask dispatched work agencies for human resources and the demand meets dispatched workers' conditions, do dispatched work agencies sign labor contracts with dispatched workers. The period of a labor contract is usually","psg_id":"18083068"},{"title":"Joint warfare in South Vietnam, 1963–1969","text":"Vietnam, and the 173rd Airborne Brigade for the Bien Hoa/Vũng Tàu area near Saigon. Early, CINCPAC had objected to the use of the 173rd, since it was the primary strategic reserve for Pacific Command. Westmoreland, in early June, saw the situation as close to collapse without a major commitment of ground troops, in addition to the ARVN. This triggered several weeks of intense debate among the President's close civilian advisers, with McNamara controlling all direct military input to the process. There were two drivers among the inner circle. First, some, but not all, were fervent believers in the containment doctrine,","psg_id":"14299737"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"ended direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, created a ceasefire between North Vietnam/PRG and South Vietnam, guaranteed the territorial integrity of Vietnam under the Geneva Conference of 1954, called for elections or a political settlement between the PRG and South Vietnam, allowed 200,000 communist troops to remain in the south, and agreed to a POW exchange. There was a sixty-day period for the total withdrawal of U.S. forces. \"This article\", noted Peter Church, \"proved… to be the only one of the Paris Agreements which was fully carried out.\" All US forces personnel were completely withdrawn by March 1973. In","psg_id":"447336"},{"title":"1968 in the Vietnam War","text":"Khe Sanh began with an assault by the PAVN on a hill held by U.S. Marines. Khe Sanh is in northwestern Quảng Trị Province, near the Demilitarized Zone. The combatants were elements of the U.S. III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF) and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) against two to three PAVN division-size elements. NVA General Võ Nguyên Giáp later explained that his objective was to create a diversion to draw U.S. forces away from the populated areas of South Vietnam. Khe Sanh diverted 30,000 US troops away from the cities that would be the main targets of","psg_id":"14360795"},{"title":"First Chinese domination of Vietnam","text":"First Chinese domination of Vietnam The first Chinese domination is a period in Vietnamese history during which Vietnam was under Chinese rule from the north. It is the first of four periods of Chinese domination of Vietnam, the first three of which are almost continuous and referred to as (\"Northern domination\"). In 111 BC, the powerful Chinese Han dynasty conquered the Nam Việt (which in Chinese translates to \"land of the southern barbarians\") kingdom during its expansion southward and incorporated what is now northern Vietnam, together with much of modern Guangdong and Guangxi, into the expanding Han empire. Vietnamese resistance","psg_id":"6246867"},{"title":"CIA activities in Vietnam","text":"A series of accusations in the early 1970s that the CIA was complicit in drug trafficking in Laos was a contributing factor in the public's opposition to US activities in Southeast Asia. Neither the CIA nor any of its officers were accused of direct activity in the narcotics operations, and it is likely that the agency did not focus much energy on the trafficking by indigenous allies until a heroin epidemic broke out among US troops in South Vietnam. There was nothing preventing the hill tribes in northern Laos from producing and selling opium until 1971, as the trade was","psg_id":"11884370"},{"title":"What About Us (The Saturdays song)","text":"spot on the UK Singles Chart. This became the band's first ever number-one single in the United Kingdom. For every one copy that Timberlake's \"Mirrors\" sold, The Saturdays sold two more copies of \"What About Us\". \"What About Us\" sold 114,000 copies in the first week of release, making it, at the time, the fastest selling single of 2013. The track sold 40,000 copies more than Timberlake, who was pushed back to number-two on the UK Singles Charts. The band said they were thrilled to be the UK's number-one with \"What About Us\". They went on to thanking their fans","psg_id":"16873813"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"strikes, the U.S. 173rd Airborne began another sweep through Zone D with 2,500 men and ARVN and Australian participation. The allies claimed to have inflicted 100 Viet Cong casualties. Maxwell Taylor resigned as U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam. Taylor had earlier been opposed to the introduction of U.S. ground troops into South Vietnam, proposing instead an intensified air campaign against North Vietnam. Taylor would be replaced by Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., who returned to Saigon for his second stint as ambassador. The New York Times reported that the 173rd Airborne suffered 10 killed and 42 wounded on its sweep through","psg_id":"14427215"},{"title":"People's Army of Vietnam","text":"People's Army of Vietnam The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; ), also known as the Vietnamese People's Army (VPA), is the military force of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The PAVN is a part of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces and includes: Ground Force (including Strategic Rear Forces), Navy, Air Force, Border Defence Force, and Coast Guard. However, Vietnam does not have a separate Ground Force or Army branch. All ground troops, army corps, military districts and specialised arms belong to the Ministry of Defence, directly under the command of the Central Military Commission, the Minister of Defence, and the","psg_id":"443094"},{"title":"Poverty in Vietnam","text":"Poverty in Vietnam As in many other developing countries, hunger and poverty in Vietnam has existed for a significant amount of time. Until the 1980s, most of the Vietnamese population still lived under the poverty line. However, thanks to the political and economic reform in 1986 and the government's commitment, the status of poverty and hunger in Vietnam has been significantly improved. From one of the poorest countries in the World with per capita income below US$100 per year, Vietnam is now a lower-middle income country with per capita income of US$1,910 by the end of 2013. Thereby, the poverty","psg_id":"16349076"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"saw extensive action during the Vietnam War, and over 600 were deployed with US Forces. Ground forces also had access to B-52 and F-4 Phantom II and others to launch napalm, white phosphorus, tear gas and chemical weapons, precision-guided munition and cluster bombs. The Vietnam War was the first conflict where U.S. forces had secure voice communication equipment available at the tactical level. The National Security Agency ran a crash program to provide U.S. forces with a family of security equipment, code named NESTOR, fielding 17,000 units initially; eventually 30,000 units were produced. However, limitations of the units, including poor","psg_id":"447411"},{"title":"Joint warfare in South Vietnam, 1963–1969","text":"the Politburo. Unknown to the U.S., their greatest fear was a major ground operation to cut the trail, which, indeed, would have meant entering Laos and Cambodia. Dong Sy Nguyen, the North Vietnamese general running trail operations, was less concerned with bombing than What worries me most is that they will send in troops or use choppers to send some commandos or drop paratroopers, who would then occupy a chunk of the trail. This would throw the entire complicated system out of whack. North Vietnam received foreign military aid shipments through its ports and rail system. This materiel (and PAVN","psg_id":"14299722"},{"title":"What Remains of Us","text":"What Remains of Us What Remains of Us () is a 2004 Canadian documentary film exploring the survival of the nonviolent resistance movement in Tibet. The documentary was shot over eight years without the knowledge of the Chinese authorities. A young Tibetan from Québec, Canada, enters her homeland for the first time — carrying a clandestine video message from the Dalai Lama to Tibetans inside Tibet. Released in 2004, the film raised controversy for showing the faces of 103 Tibetans speaking about human rights. Tibetans were informed of the purpose of the filming. The ones who appear made the choice","psg_id":"11312905"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"were 543,000 American military personnel in Vietnam, but only 80,000 were considered combat troops.\" Conscription in the United States had been controlled by the president since World War II, but ended in 1973. As of 2013, the U.S. government is paying Vietnam veterans and their families or survivors more than $22 billion a year in war-related claims. By war's end, 58,220 American soldiers had been killed, more than 150,000 had been wounded, and at least 21,000 had been permanently disabled. The average age of the U.S. troops killed in Vietnam was 23.11 years. According to Dale Kueter, \"Of those killed","psg_id":"447432"},{"title":"If he were among us","text":"If he were among us If he were among us () is a Saudi Arabian television series for youth presented by Ahmad Al Shugairi. Each program has multiple segments; the main segment is an interview with a young person. The interviewer asks questions such as: \"If the prophet Muhammad were with us today, what would he say about ___________?\" The second part of the show features a hidden camera focused on people in real-life situations. The objective is to discuss what the prophet Muhammad would do in the same situation as the camera's subjects. The third part of the show","psg_id":"19348487"},{"title":"Role of the United States in the Vietnam War","text":"South Vietnamese government. Instead the initial deployment and gradual build-up was a unilateral decision by the US government. On May 5 the U.S. 173rd Airborne Brigade became the first U.S. Army ground unit committed to the conflict in South Vietnam. On August 18, Operation Starlite began as the first major U.S. ground operation, destroying an NLF stronghold in Quảng Ngãi Province. The North Vietnamese had already sent units of their regular army into southern Vietnam beginning in late 1964. Some officials in Hanoi had favored an immediate invasion of the South, and a plan was developed to use PAVN units","psg_id":"9332427"},{"title":"Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War","text":"the Vietnam War was partly attributed to greater access to uncensored information through extensive television coverage on the ground in Vietnam. Beyond opposition to the draft, anti-war protesters also made moral arguments against U.S. involvement in Vietnam. That moral imperative argument against the war was especially popular among American college students, who were more likely than the general public to accuse the United States of having imperialistic goals in Vietnam and to criticize the war as \"immoral.\" Civilian deaths, which were downplayed or omitted entirely by the Western media, became a subject of protest when photographic evidence of casualties emerged.","psg_id":"5077418"},{"title":"Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War","text":"Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War served as auxiliaries to the British Army during the American Revolutionary War, in accordance with the treaty of 1776 between Great Britain and the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Four regiments of foot, one regiment of dragoons, one grenadier battalion, and one light battalion with a Jäger company were dispatched to British America. Most of the Brunswick troops fought at the Battles of Saratoga, where they were forced to surrender as part of British General John Burgoyne's army. A total of 5,723 soldiers were sent overseas, and 2,708","psg_id":"20543741"},{"title":"Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War","text":"dispatched as the Australian Army Training Team Vietnam (AATTV), also known as \"the Team\". The Australian military assistance was to be in jungle warfare training, and the Team comprised highly qualified and experienced officers and NCOs, led by Colonel Ted Serong, many with previous experience from the Malayan Emergency. Their arrival in South Vietnam during July and August 1962 was the beginning of Australia's involvement in the war in Vietnam. Relationships between the AATTV and US advisors were generally very cordial, but there were sometimes significant differences of opinion on the training and tactics that should be employed. For example,","psg_id":"8164882"},{"title":"Role of the United States in the Vietnam War","text":"Tet, but it was very evident that it was totally dependent on U.S. airpower for its survival. Meanwhile, the withdrawal of American troops, who numbered less than 100,000 at the beginning of the year, was continued as scheduled. By June only six infantry battalions remained. On August 12, the last American ground combat division left the country. However, the U.S. continued to operate the base At Long Binh. Combat patrols continued there until November 11 when the U.S. handed over the base to the South Vietnamese. After this, only 24,000 American troops remained in Vietnam and President Nixon announced that","psg_id":"9332474"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"The siege led up to the Battle of Ia Drang. A CIA intelligence estimate said that \"Hanoi continues to asset its determination to press on with the war in South Vietnam despite the continuing attrition of the air war and the increase of US troops in the South.\" To protest the Vietnam War, a Quaker named Norman Morrison doused himself in kerosene and set himself on fire in front of The Pentagon. Morrison died. In a memorandum to President Johnson, Secretary McNamara estimated total communist forces in South Vietnam as having increased to 230,000, including 71,000 Viet Cong main force,","psg_id":"14427229"},{"title":"Look What This World Did to Us","text":"This World Did To Us\" adapted from AllMusic. Managerial Visuals and imagery Performance credits Technical and production Look What This World Did to Us Look What This World Did To Us is a studio album by Red Pill. Released on April 7, 2015 by Mello Music Group, it was largely well received by critics. The Canadian music publication \"Exclaim!\" wrote that the lyrics \"range from deeply intimate, to unflinchingly grim, to hilariously self-deprecating, often in the same bar.\" According to Red Pill, at the time of writing the album he'd been reading Charles Bukowski, which somewhat influenced the album's focus","psg_id":"18928609"},{"title":"War in Vietnam (1945–46)","text":"War in Vietnam (1945–46) The War in Vietnam, codenamed Operation Masterdom by the British, and also known as Nam Bộ kháng chiến () by the Vietnamese, was a post–World War II armed conflict involving a largely British-Indian and French task force and Japanese troops from the Southern Expeditionary Army Group, versus the Vietnamese communist movement, the Viet Minh, for control of the country, after the unconditional Japanese surrender. The Indochina Wars are generally numbered as three: the first being France's unsuccessful eight-year conflict with the Vietminh nationalist forces (1946–1954); the second being the war for control of South Vietnam, featuring","psg_id":"14547380"},{"title":"Dispatched","text":"a whole album, entitled \"Motherwar\", they sent out a few copies to various record companies again to see the reaction. The reviews were extremely positive and Dispatched was offered many deals from different labels. Dispatched eventually signed on Music for Nations in March 2000 to release \"Motherwar\". Following the release of \"Motherwar\", Larsson was replaced by Mattias Hellman on bass, and the band went to Studio Fredman in 2001 to record the band's second album. However, due to some problems, this record was never released. The band continued to write songs and do some live shows, but in late 2002,","psg_id":"4930593"},{"title":"What They Always Tell Us","text":"What They Always Tell Us What They Always Tell Us is the first novel by Martin Wilson, focusing on the relationship between two high school age brothers as one begins to embrace his homosexuality. The book was a finalist in the Children's/Young Adult category at the 2009 Lambda Literary Awards, but lost to \"Out of the Pocket\" by Bill Konigsberg. \"What They Always Tell Us\" was also chosen for the ALA's 2009 Rainbow List. \"What They Always Tell Us\" is told from the perspective of two brothers, Alex and James. Alex is a high school junior who struggles with depression;","psg_id":"16247845"},{"title":"The 25 Year War","text":"The 25 Year War The 25 Year War: America's Military Role in Vietnam () is a book by General Bruce Palmer Jr. about the Vietnam War, and was published in 1984. The book is split into two parts, the first which follows chronologically the events leading to the fall of Saigon in 1975 and mentions Palmer's position in those events. The second part is called 'Assessment' and more broadly calls out what was done right and wrong and also offers an alternate role the US could have played in the conflict: Palmer is critical of covert operations: War involves fighting","psg_id":"9695736"},{"title":"1947–50 in the Vietnam War","text":"communist activity was coordinated worldwide. Thus, the attack on South Korea caused the U.S. to become more concerned about the Việt Minh insurgency in Vietnam. Việt Minh forces were estimated to have grown to 250,000 personnel, including 120,000 in regular units organized into divisions. The remaining troops were regional and popular and primarily concerned with defense and security. An estimated 15,000 Chinese, in both Vietnam and China, assisted the Việt Minh with training, technicians, and advisers. The French had about 150,000 soldiers in Vietnam. The pro-French Vietnamese army numbered about 16,000 The first U.S. military advisers to Vietnam arrived in","psg_id":"19170359"},{"title":"War in Vietnam (1945–46)","text":"last two British/Indian battalions in Vietnam. Only a single company of the 2/8 Punjab remained to guard the Allied Control Mission in Saigon, and on May 15 it left, the mission having been disbanded a day earlier as the French became responsible for getting the remaining Japanese home. The last British troops to die in Vietnam were six soldiers killed in an ambush in June 1946. For Britain's involvement in the First Vietnam War, the officially stated casualty list was 40 British and Indian soldiers killed and French and Japanese casualties a little higher. An estimated 2,700 Viet Minh were","psg_id":"14547404"},{"title":"South Vietnam","text":"in 1971. In accordance with the Paris Peace Accords signed with North Vietnam on 27 January 1973, US military forces withdrew from South Vietnam. North Vietnam was allowed to continue supplying communist troops in the South, but only to the extent of replacing materials that were consumed. The communist leaders had expected that the ceasefire terms would favour their side. But as Saigon began to roll back the Viet Cong, they found it necessary to adopt a new strategy, hammered out at a series of meetings in Hanoi in March 1973, according to the memoirs of Trần Văn Trà. As","psg_id":"705543"},{"title":"1965 in the Vietnam War","text":"revealed that Thao was a communist agent. General William Westmoreland, commander of MACV, requested that two battalions of United States Marines be assigned to protect the airbase at Da Nang from the increasing threat of attacks by the Viet Cong. General Khánh departed South Vietnam. He was persuaded to leave by his fellow generals and by Colonel Wilson of MACV. Air Marshall Nguyễn Cao Kỳ became the de facto leader of South Vietnam. The first South Korean troops arrived in South Vietnam. The number of South Korean troops in South Vietnam would total 49,755 by 1969. The U.S. paid most","psg_id":"14427186"},{"title":"Dispatched labor","text":"employment agencies were not confined to placement services and job placement anymore but the employer could provide laborers to third parties. Second, urged the international society members to attach importance on the flexibility of labor market. Because of the legislation of ILO Convention 181, it spurred big progress in the development of labor dispatching. Regularly Employed：Dispatched work agencies send their regular employed workers to client enterprises to provide labor. The labor contracts between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies are irregular labor contracts, thus, whether the period of dispatched contracts expire or not, it will not influence the labor relation","psg_id":"18083067"},{"title":"1961 in the Vietnam War","text":"The NSAM also called for South Vietnam to improve its military establishment and mobilize its resources to prosecute the war. Thus, Kennedy stopped short of what many of his advisers, including General Taylor, had advised: the introduction of U.S. combat soldiers into South Vietnam. Kennedy's decision not to introduce combat troops surprised the Defense Department which had been assembling forces to be assigned to Vietnam, including Farm Gate aircraft. However, Kennedy's decision was a visible and undeniable violation of the Geneva Accords of 1954, still technically in force. President Kennedy approved the use of herbicides in Viet Nam to kill","psg_id":"14427550"},{"title":"1798 – The First Year of Liberty","text":"the 1798 rebellion, and a handsome cover illustration. It has a substantial bibliography for those seeking further enlightenment, and it makes a useful complement to the more orthodox histories thereby listed. In fact, it tells us what orthodox histories do not tell us; what those who suffered made of the events of 1798.' 1798 – The First Year of Liberty 1798 – The First Year of Liberty is an album of traditional Irish songs relating to the 1798 rebellion by the United Irishmen. All songs are sung by Frank Harte and some are accompanied on bouzouki, guitar and occasional bodhrán","psg_id":"12246069"},{"title":"Vietnam Syndrome","text":"brought about because of the Vietnam War and with feelings of doubt over the morality of America's intentions and actions during the war. Reagan, however, argued that America had fought for \"a noble cause\" and blamed the war in Vietnam exclusively on North Vietnam's aggression: Vietnam Syndrome Vietnam Syndrome, in U.S. politics, is a term used to refer to public aversion to American overseas military involvements, following the domestic controversy over the Vietnam War, which ended in 1975. Since the early 1980s, the combination of a public opinion apparently biased against war, a relative reluctance to deploy ground troops and","psg_id":"3064322"},{"title":"Vietnam War","text":"artillery, and airstrikes. The U.S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam. Following the Tết Offensive, U.S. forces began withdrawal under the Vietnamization phase; the Army of the Republic of Vietnam unconventional and conventional capabilities increased following a period of neglect and became modeled on heavy fire-power focused doctrines like US forces. Operations crossed international borders: bordering areas of Laos and Cambodia were used by North Vietnam as supply routes and were heavily bombed by U.S. forces. Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of \"Vietnamization\", which aimed to end American involvement in the war while","psg_id":"447244"},{"title":"Dispatched labor","text":"the same as with dispatched contracts, so when the dispatched contracts expire, the labor contracts do, too. Dispatched workers will go back to the status of registered. (1) Non-profit labor dispatched: Employees works for their employers, but at some special situations, employers lend them to the third one. Employers need employees to work for them for a long term, and they don't use employers to get profit, so they only dispatch workers to other enterprises temporarily; therefore, this kind dispatched workers' wages are better than who are in dispatched work agencies. As a result, there is no any specific law","psg_id":"18083069"},{"title":"Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces","text":"km, of short range – up to 30 km, of medium range – up to 100 km, of long range – of more than 100 km. Further development of the Air Defence Troops of the GF is carried out by improving mobility, survivability, covertness of operation, automation’s degree, fire efficiency, expanding parameters of the affected area, reducing the response time and the mass-dimensional characteristics of the guided missile (rocket-artillery) systems. Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces The Air Defence Troops are an Arm of the Russian Ground Forces, intended to cover troops and facilities from means of air","psg_id":"20466565"},{"title":"1959 in the Vietnam War","text":"States Army historian said, \"Bolstered by some $190 million a year in American military and economic aid, Diệm enforced at least a degree of governmental authority throughout South Vietnam. His regime resettled the refugees, achieved a measure of economic prosperity, and promulgated what was, on paper, a progressive land reform policy. By means of a series of harsh and indiscriminate but effective anti-Communist 'denunciation' campaigns, Diệm made progress in destroying the remaining Viet Minh organization in the countryside. His troops kept the surviving sect and Communist guerrillas on the run, and his government attempted to establish mass organizations of its","psg_id":"14430314"},{"title":"1971 in the Vietnam War","text":"Chenla II was a major military operation conducted by the Cambodian military (then known as FANK) during the Cambodian Civil War. The Cambodian military failed to dislodge the communist North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong from territory and suffered heavy casualties. Operation Jefferson Glenn was the last major ground operation in which U.S. troops participated in the Vietnam War. Three battalions of the 101st Airborne patrolled the area west of the city of Huế, called the \"rocket belt,\" to try to prevent communist rocket attacks. The Americans were gradually replaced by soldiers of the South Vietnamese army. The Americans and","psg_id":"14423047"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Task Force in Phước Tuy Province. Australia, with decades of experience from both the Malayan Emergency and its AATTV role in 1962, recognised the necessity of a true counter-insurgency, which relied on providing village-level security, establishing civilian trust and economic incentives and improving ARVN capabilities. This brought Australian commanders into conflict with Westmoreland's conventional attrition warfare approach, since Australian ground forces were required to follow US doctrine. Nevertheless, Australian forces were generally the most capable at counter-insurgency, and they helped to train Regional Forces despite being under significant doctrinal constraints. Some 10,450 Filipino troops were dispatched to South Vietnam and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447380\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched\",\n \"text\": \"Dispatched Dispatched were a Swedish melodic death metal band from Södertälje (originally from the Gnesta Municipality) formed in 1992. Dispatched was formed just before New Year's Eve, 1991 by Daniel Lundberg and Krister Andersson. Jonas Kimbrell and Emanuel Astrom joined the band later that same year. They then recorded their first demo, \\\"Dispatched into External\\\", at Stone Studio]. In early 1993, they recorded two more demo tapes that helped the band gain more positive attention from labels. One year later, Dispatched returned to the Unisound studio to record a whole eleven-song album, which was supposed to be released in full\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4930589\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1964 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Vietnam and the introduction of U.S. combat troops into South Vietnam. By year's end, the 23,000 U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam were still technically \\\"advisers\\\" (although they participated in many air and ground operations with the ARVN), but Johnson was contemplating U.S. ground troops. At the time, most of the reports and conversations mentioned below were secret; they were not made public for many years. U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. reported to Washington that the new President of South Vietnam Dương Văn Minh told him that he opposed American soldiers going into villages and districts\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1968 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Adams' iconic image of South Vietnamese General Nguyễn Ngọc Loan's execution of a Viet Cong operative was taken in 1968. The year also saw Walter Cronkite's call to honourably exit Vietnam because he thought the war was lost. This negative impression forced the US into the Paris peace talks with North Vietnam. US troop numbers peaked in 1968 with President Johnson approving an increased maximum number of US troops in Vietnam at 549,500. The year was the most expensive in the Vietnam War with the American spending US$ (US$ in 2019) on the war. The year also became the deadliest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14360792\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"South Korea (a.k.a. the Republic of Korea, ROK) had the second-largest contingent of foreign troops in South Vietnam after the United States. In November 1961, President Park Chung-hee proposed South Korean participation in the war to John F. Kennedy, but Kennedy disagreed as they were not SEATO treaty members. On 1 May 1964, Lyndon Johnson agreed to permit South Korean participation under the Many-Flags Program in return for monetary compensation. The first South Korean troops began arriving in 1964 and large combat formations began arriving a year later. The ROK Marine Corps dispatched their 2nd Marine Brigade, while the ROK\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447373\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched labor\",\n \"text\": \"At this time, labor dispatching was popularized in America, Japan and all over Europe. The most important and common labor dispatching in America was founded in 1946 to 1951. For example, the biggest dispatched work agency at present, Manpower, was founded in 1948. According to statistics from NAPEO, the growth of labor dispatching in the US keeps to roughly 20% per year. In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Belgium, France, UK, the Netherlands, Norway and America already had the service of labor dispatching, and most well-established dispatched work agencies were founded at during this period. In Japan, labor dispatching\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18083062\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cannabis in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"in areas controlled by the Hòa Hảo sect, for fear of driving them to join the National Liberation Front. In the 1960s, the United States government became concerned with cannabis use by US troops in the Vietnam War. Though alcohol was the drug most commonly used by American troops in the Vietnam War, cannabis was the second-most common. Initially rates of usage among deployed soldiers were comparable to those of their stateside peers, with 29% of troops departing Vietnam in 1967 reporting having ever used marijuana in their lives. A 1976 study however showed that from 1967–1971, the proportion of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20493358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"at Huế. Facing an increasing casualty count, rising domestic opposition to the war, and growing international condemnation, the US began withdrawing from ground combat roles in the early 1970s. This process also entailed an unsuccessful effort to strengthen and stabilise South Vietnam. Following the Paris Peace Accords of 27 January 1973, all American combat troops were withdrawn by 29 March 1973. In December 1974, North Vietnam captured the province of Phước Long and started a full-scale offensive, culminating in the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. South Vietnam was briefly ruled by a provisional government for almost eight years\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1637698\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Happened to Us\",\n \"text\": \"the song with Stan Walker during the Australian leg of Chris Brown's F.A.M.E. Tour in April 2011. Mauboy and Walker later performed \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" on \\\"Dancing with the Stars Australia\\\" on 29 May 2011. From November 2013 to February 2014, \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" was part of the set list of the To the End of the Earth Tour, Mauboy's second headlining tour of Australia, with Nathaniel Willemse singing Sean's part. Source: What Happened to Us \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15296683\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Happened to Us\",\n \"text\": \"What Happened to Us \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" is a song by Australian recording artist Jessica Mauboy, featuring English recording artist Jay Sean. It was written by Sean, Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim and Israel Cruz. \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" was leaked online in October 2010, and was released on 10 March 2011, as the third single from Mauboy's second studio album, \\\"Get 'Em Girls\\\" (2010). The song received positive reviews from critics. A remix of \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" made by production team OFM, was released on 11 April 2011. A different version of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15296676\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Happened to Us\",\n \"text\": \"wondrous interior décor\\\". He also commended Mauboy for choosing Australian talent to direct the video instead of American directors, which she had used for her previous two music videos. Since its release, the video has received over two million views on Vevo. Mauboy performed \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" live for the first time during her YouTube Live Sessions program on 4 December 2010. She also appeared on \\\"Adam Hills in Gordon Street Tonight\\\" on 23 February 2011 for an interview and later performed the song. On 15 March 2011, Mauboy performed \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" on \\\"Sunrise\\\". She also performed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15296682\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Will Happen to Us\",\n \"text\": \"What Will Happen to Us What Will Happen to Us () is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Giovanni Veronesi. In Rome three friends end to give the exams in last year of grammar high school, and grant a lovely summer holiday in Greece, on the island of Santorini. Matteo is a young problematic and indifferent, which is hoping for a ransom of his controversial personality through love. Manuel is a gruff guy who hates his father, and hopes for a better future for himself, because he does not want to work at the pet store with her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18109690\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Will Happen to Us\",\n \"text\": \"mother. Paolo is the more shy of the group, who is in search of himself and of love. In Greece the three know beautiful girls, however also suffer betrayals of love. At the end of the story, only Manuel discovers himself, becoming more loving and positive towards life. What Will Happen to Us What Will Happen to Us () is a 2004 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Giovanni Veronesi. In Rome three friends end to give the exams in last year of grammar high school, and grant a lovely summer holiday in Greece, on the island of Santorini. Matteo\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18109691\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1964 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"will be won from the air, and it seems to me that what is much more needed and would be more effective is a larger and stronger use of Rangers and Special Forces and Marines, or other appropriate military strength on the ground.\\\" Johnson said, \\\"I myself am ready to substantially increase the number of Americans fighting in Vietnam.\\\" Two hundred and sixteen American soldiers were killed in the Vietnam War in 1964. 23,310 U.S. military personnel were in South Vietnam at the end of the year. The South Vietnamese armed forces suffered 7,457 killed in action, about 30 percent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14428050\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1972 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"this weekend.\\\" Anti-war demonstrators protested the bombing of North Vietnam throughout the United States. Hundreds of protesters were arrested. Several North Vietnamese MiG-17F fighter-bombers attacked United States Navy warships in the Battle of Đồng Hới. This was the first air attack on U.S. warships of the Vietnam War. One US destroyer was damaged. The U.S. navy sunk several motor torpedo boats and shot down several North Vietnamese war planes and also engaged shore batteries in North Vietnam. President Nixon announced that American troops would be reduced in numbers in South Vietnam from 69,000 on this date to 49,000 by 1\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14425347\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Koreans in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"of Foreign Affairs and Trade, they numbered roughly eighty thousand people, making them the second-largest Korean diaspora community in Southeast Asia, after the Korean community in the Philippines, and the tenth-largest in the world. A more recent estimate from Vietnam Television says their population might be as large as 130,000. Both North and South Korea lent material and manpower support to their respective ideological allies during the Vietnam War, though the number of South Korean troops on the ground was larger. Then-South Korean president Syngman Rhee had offered to send troops to Vietnam as early as 1954, but his proposal\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9955994\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CIA activities in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"the military and diplomats, and Lansdale was no longer involved with Vietnam. On May 11, 1961, President Kennedy gave the authorization to begin \\\"a program for covert actions to be carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency which would precede and remain in force after any commitment of US forces to South Vietnam.\\\" Kennedy was giving the CIA the job of preparing for the eventual landing of US troops. Later that year, in October 1961 the Director of Central Intelligence Allen Dulles approved a massive counterinsurgency program with the goal of launching a \\\"village defense program in the lightly populated\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884314\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Happened to Us\",\n \"text\": \"the song which features Stan Walker, was released on 29 May 2011. \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" charted on the ARIA Singles Chart at number 14 and was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA). An accompanying music video was directed by Mark Alston, and reminisces on a former relationship between Mauboy and Sean. \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" was written by Josh Alexander, Billy Steinberg, Jeremy Skaller, Rob Larow, Khaled Rohaim, Israel Cruz and Jay Sean. It was produced by Skaller, Cruz, Rohaim and Bobby Bass. The song uses C, D, and B minor chords in the chorus. \\\"What\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15296677\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"were destroyed. Presidential adviser and future Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford in a letter to President Johnson said, \\\"I believe our ground forces in South Vietnam should be kept to a minimum, consistent with the protection of our installations and property in that country ... This could be a quagmire. It could turn into an open end commitment on our part that would take more and more ground troops, without a realistic hope of ultimate victory.\\\" \\\"Quagmire\\\" would later become a common word use to describe U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Eight hundred soldiers of the Australian Defence Force\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427205\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"commitment to combat of U.S. ground troops.\\\" The Pentagon endorsed Westmoreland's request for additional soldiers which would bring the total of American military personnel in Vietnam up to 117,000, plus 20,000 third-country troops, by November 1. General Nguyễn Văn Thiệu was appointed by the military junta as President of South Vietnam. Senator J. William Fulbright, Chairman of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations said on national television that the U.S. should negotiate directly with North Vietnam and make \\\"major concessions\\\" to end the Vietnam War. Fulbright's statement was criticized by prominent Republicans; former Vice President Richard Nixon said that negotiations\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427209\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1961 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"government throughout the Vietnam War, but had only a limited influence on the Kennedy and Johnson Administrations. The report of a high-level study group headed by Undersecretary of Defense Roswell Gilpatric said that \\\"South Vietnam is nearing the decisive phase of its battle for survival\\\" and that the situation is \\\"critical but not hopeless.\\\" It recommended that the United States show \\\"our friends, the Vietnamese, and our foes, the Viet Cong, that come what may, the US intends to win this battle.\\\" A cease fire was declared in Laos between communist rebels (the Pathet Lao) and government troops. President Kennedy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427525\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Air transport in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"and commercialization of air transportation. The aviation sector expanded greatly during its formative years, expanding from a few aircraft in what was then North Vietnam to eventually include a fleet of over 50 aircraft (including both Soviet- and US-made) in a unified Vietnam after 1976. Infrastructure was improved during this time, as airports country-wide were equipped with better facilities and materials for flight management and operations. CAAV grew to serve around 250,000 passengers a year, both domestically and on international routes to China, Laos, Cambodia and Thailand. On 9 December 2004, United Airlines made history when its Boeing 747-400 landed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15379369\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Happened to Us\",\n \"text\": \"a \\\"mid-tempo duet ballad\\\" which signifies Mauboy's strength as a global player. On 21 March 2011, \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" debuted at number 30 on the ARIA Singles Chart, and peaked at number 14 the following week. The song was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), for selling 70,000 copies. \\\"What Happened to Us\\\" spent a total of ten weeks in the ARIA top fifty. The music video for the song was shot in the Elizabeth Bay House in Sydney on 26 November 2010. The video was shot during Sean's visit to Australia for the Summerbeatz tour.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15296679\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"America in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"America in Vietnam America in Vietnam is a book by Guenter Lewy about America's role in the Vietnam War. The book is highly influential, although it has remained controversial even decades after its publication. Lewy contends that the United States' actions in Vietnam were neither illegal nor immoral, and that tales of American atrocities were greatly exaggerated in what he understands as a \\\"veritable industry\\\" of war crimes allegations. The text returned to the limelight during the 2004 US Presidential Election, when it was cited by several groups supporting the reelection of George W. Bush, in contending that Democratic presidential\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5809090\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1968 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"1968 in the Vietnam War The year 1968 saw major developments in the Vietnam War. The military operations started with an attack on a US base by the Vietnam People's Army (NVA) and the Viet Cong on January 1, ending a truce declared by the Pope and agreed upon by all sides. At the end of January, the North Vietnamese and the Viet Cong launched the Tet Offensive. Hanoi erred monumentally in its certainty that the offensive would trigger a supportive uprising of the population. NVA and Viet Cong troops throughout the South, from Hue to the Mekong Delta, attacked\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14360790\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"of a full division of American troops. Ambassador Taylor had not been present at the meeting and he protested that \\\"Recent actions relating to the introduction of U.S. ground forces have tended to create an eagerness in some quarters to deploy forces into SVN (South Vietnam) which I find difficult to understand.\\\" Taylor opposed the introduction of American ground troops for offensive operations, believing they should be restricted to coastal \\\"enclaves.\\\" General Westmoreland disagreed, believing that enclaves were \\\"an inglorious, static use of U.S. forces...that would leave the decision of when and where to strike to the enemy.\\\" In Washington,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427197\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australian Army Training Team Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"later. Serong would later be seconded, and in one capacity or another would remain in Vietnam until the fall of Saigon in 1975, serving as a senior advisor to both the US and South Vietnamese governments. On arrival, the unit joined a large group of US advisors and were dispersed across South Vietnam in small groups. Three groups were dispatched to South Vietnam's northern provinces, training members of the Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) at the National Training Centre at Dong Da and South Vietnamese Regional Forces (RF) at Hiep Khanh, while a fourth was based at the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4928406\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1961 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"implementation of the expanded military aid to South Vietnam. He listed three tenets: (1) We have great authority from the President; (2) Money is no object; and (3) The one restriction is that combat troops will not be introduced. In closing the meeting McNamara said the job of the U.S. military \\\"was to win in South Viet Nam and if we weren't winning to tell him what was needed to win.\\\" Cryptologist Corporal James T. Davis became the first American member of the United States Army Security Agency to be killed in Vietnam. He and 8 South Vietnamese soldiers were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427555\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"South Korea in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"second half. Corruption did occur in which US-issued weapons were re-directed and sold to Korean ships for re-sale to the Korean government and supplementing the arsenal of Korean forces stationed in Korea, whom were still given M1 Garand rifles instead of the newer-issue M16 rifle given out to ARVN and ROK forces in South Vietnam The withdrawal process had negatively impacted Korean-US relations, despite economic benefits gained, with Nixon and Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird considering simultaneous withdrawal from both Korea and Vietnam. Due to Vietnamization US troops begun withdrawing since 1970, which had caused disagreement with the South Korean\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17631871\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1963 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"25 percent more than the total killed in the previous year. North Vietnam had infiltrated about 40,000 cadres and fighters into South Vietnam over a period of several years. They made up about 50 percent of the Viet Cong army and 80 percent of political operatives and technical personnel. They consisted mostly of southerners who had migrated north in 1954–1955 to reside in a communist state rather than remain in South Vietnam. Units of the North Vietnamese army had not yet been dispatched to South Vietnam. 1963 in the Vietnam War The defeat of the South Vietnamese Army (ARVN) in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427680\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1968 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"President Lyndon Johnson addresses the nation, announcing steps to limit the war in Vietnam and reporting his decision not to seek reelection. The speech announces the first in a series of limitations on US bombing, promising to halt these activities above the 20th parallel. United States Secretary of Defense Clark Clifford gets the President to authorize 24,500 more troops on an emergency basis, raising authorized strength to the Vietnam War's peak of 549,500, a figure never reached. Operation Toan Thang I was a US and ARVN operation conducted between 8 April 1968 and 31 May 1968. Toan Thang, or \\\"Complete\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14360802\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"gun of the US army at the time and many of them were put on helicopters, to provide suppressive fire. The MAC-10 machine pistol was supplied to many special forces troops in the midpoint of the war. Two aircraft that were prominent in the war were the AC-130 \\\"Spectre\\\" Gunship and the UH-1 \\\"Huey\\\" gunship. The AC-130 was a heavily armed ground-attack aircraft variant of the C-130 Hercules transport plane. The Huey is a military helicopter powered by a single, turboshaft engine, and approximately 7,000 UH-1 aircraft saw service in Vietnam. The U.S. heavily armored, 90 mm M48A3 Patton tank\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447410\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"China in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"the revolution deeper into Southeast Asia via the Indochinese internationalist model. Then relations changes in the late 1960s, as the Cultural Revolution and Maoist visions of permanent revolutionary struggle ran up against important and extremely complex geostrategic differences in Vietnam in the war against the US. Nonetheless, the Chinese continued to supply massive amounts of military and economic aid, as well as sending over 300,000 military support troops into northern Vietnam. Internationalism did suffer a serious blow, plus the Sino-Soviet split, which brought damage to the relations between China, the Soviet Union and of course, Vietnam. Vietnam War: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam_War First\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20886014\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"America in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"context of the 2004 US Presidential Election. Presidential hopeful John Kerry had been involved with the Winter Soldier Investigation; in the context of the campaign, Lewy's suggestion that the Winter Soldier Investigation was dishonest and politically motivated was frequently cited to impugn John Kerry's reputation. Vietnam Veterans Against the War, the group of which Kerry had been a part, alleged that American troops had committed atrocities in Vietnam. Lewy suggests that the group used \\\"fake witnesses\\\" in the Winter Soldier hearing in Detroit, and that its allegations were formally investigated: The results of the investigation, carried out by the Naval\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5809106\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched labor\",\n \"text\": \"out of 10 laborers were hired by dispatched work agencies. In addition, according to the statistics of America Staffing Association, 90% of American enterprises used the services provided from labor dispatching industry. This illustrated how ingrained the concept of labor dispatching had become in American society. In Japan, since making the law of labor dispatching in 1985, labor dispatching developed rapidly, leading to the development of 615 general dispatched work agencies, 3,266 specific dispatched work agencies, and 1.4 billion dispatched laborers. As of 1998, there were 3026 general dispatched work agencies, 6985 specific dispatched work agencies, and 9 billion dispatched\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18083065\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1961 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"of the U.S. Army to respond to Kennedy's emphasis on developing a greater capability in counterinsurgency, although the U.S. Military Assistance Advisory Group began providing counterinsurgency training to the South Vietnamese army (ARVN) and other security forces. The Kennedy Administration debated internally about introducing U.S. combat troops into South Vietnam, but Kennedy decided against ground soldiers. The CIA began assisting Montagnard irregular forces, American pilots began flying combat missions to support South Vietnamese ground forces, and Kennedy authorized the use of herbicides (Agent Orange) to kill vegetation near roads threatened by the Viet Cong. By the end of the year,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427513\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops\",\n \"text\": \"Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT, pronounced ) is a combat helmet and ballistic vest that was used by the United States military from the early 1980s until the mid-2000s, when the helmet and vest were succeeded by the Lightweight Helmet (LWH), Modular Integrated Communications Helmet (MICH), and Interceptor Body Armor (IBA) respectively. Designed in the mid-1970s as a replacement for the M1 helmet and previous fragmentation vests, prototypes of the PASGT were tested in the late 1970s before being fielded in the early 1980s. In the early 2000s, the PASGT vest was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3648172\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"People's Army of Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"the U.S. Army completely. Our intentions were to fight a long time and cause heavy casualties to the United States, so the United States would see that the war was unwinnable and would leave. During the Vietnamese Lunar New Year Tết holiday starting on 30 January 1968, the PAVN launched a general offensive in more than 60 cities and towns throughout south of Vietnam against the US Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam-(ARVN), beginning with operations in the border region to try and draw US forces and ARVN troops out of the major cities. In sequential coordinated attacks,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"443109\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched\",\n \"text\": \"members of Dispatched decided to break up. Despite their break-up, many of Dispatched's fans requested a release of the band's last unreleased album, \\\"\\\", and a deal was made in 2003 to release this recording under Medusa Productions]. The band apparently got back together in 2004, and is currently on hold as they have no place to rehearse since Daniel Lundberg has moved far from the other band members. Dispatched Dispatched were a Swedish melodic death metal band from Södertälje (originally from the Gnesta Municipality) formed in 1992. Dispatched was formed just before New Year's Eve, 1991 by Daniel Lundberg\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4930594\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"South Korea in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"government.The US had also withdrew the 7th Division from the Korean peninsula while placing the 2nd Division in the rear which soured relations between Korea and the US. In 1969 the South Korean army accounted for 9% of the foreign troops stationed in South Vietnam (US Army 475,200, ROK Army 49,755), by the end of 1972, the South Korean army accounted for 60.5% of foreign troops (US Army 24,200, ROK Army 37,438). US Marine Aviation assets that supported the Blue Dragon troops withdrew completely in May 1971 while the combat role of Korean troops continued. Around the time of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17631872\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1971 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Exchanges in South Vietnam. President Nixon ordered the initiation of Operation Proud Deep Alpha, an intensive five-day bombing campaign against military targets in North Vietnam just north of they border above the 17th parallel of latitude. The number of U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 156,800, down from more than 500,000 three years earlier. 1971 in the Vietnam War U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 334,600 on 31 December 1970. The United States Congress adopted the revised Cooper-Church Amendment which prohibited the introduction of U.S. ground troops or advisers into Cambodia and declared that U.S. aid to Cambodia\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14423050\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"the Many Flags program, hoping to counter the communist propaganda that South Vietnam was merely a US puppet state and to involve as many nations as possible. Thus Australia, as an ally of the United States with obligations under the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) and ANZUS Pacts, and in the hope of shoring up its alliance with the US, became involved in the Vietnam War. Between 1962 and 1972 it would send almost 60,000 personnel to Vietnam, including ground troops, naval forces and air assets, and would contribute large amounts of material to the war effort. While assisting the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8164880\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1971 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"1971 in the Vietnam War U.S. military personnel in South Vietnam totaled 334,600 on 31 December 1970. The United States Congress adopted the revised Cooper-Church Amendment which prohibited the introduction of U.S. ground troops or advisers into Cambodia and declared that U.S. aid to Cambodia should not be considered a commitment to the defense of Cambodia. United States Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird said that the \\\"Vietnamization\\\" of the war was running ahead of schedule and that the combat mission of the U.S. troops would end in summer 1971. The last herbicide spraying by the United States to defoliate forests\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14423035\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"United States and its allies, which, will, in conjunction with current actions, lead in due time to successful accomplishment of US aims and objectives.\\\" What came to be called \\\"A Program for the Pacification and Long-Term Development of South Vietnam\\\" (PROVN) would be completed on 1 March 1966. President Johnson requested an additional appropriation of $700 million for the Vietnam War during the remainder of the fiscal year. The request was approved by Congress 2 days later. Johnson indicated that he might have to request additional funds. Soldiers from the 173rd Airborne Brigade arrived in Vietnam. The brigade would be\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Japanese people in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"to Vietnam. During World War II, on September 22, 1940, Japan invaded Vietnam and began constructing military bases to strike against the Allies in Southeast Asia. Japanese troops remained in Vietnam until their surrender to the Allies in 1945. Some Japanese troops from the IJA stayed in Vietnam and were recruited into the ranks of the Viet Minh as NCO's and Officers were needed to train the Viet Minh in modern tactics. Some also simply assimilated and adopted Vietnamese names, as they had Vietnamese wives and girlfriends. In recent years, many natives of Japan have migrated to Vietnam, mostly to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15793509\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1964 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"and Vietnam's central highlands. Former President John F. Kennedy's brother, Robert Kennedy, said in an oral interview for the Kennedy Library that President Kennedy had \\\"a strong, overwhelming reason for being in Vietnam and that we should win the war in Vietnam.\\\" Kennedy denied that any consideration had been given by the President to withdrawing from Vietnam. He equivocated on the introduction of U.S. ground troops into Vietnam, saying that \\\"we'd face that when we came to it.\\\" Viet Cong commandos eluded detection and placed an explosive on the USS Card, an escort aircraft carrier of World War II vintage.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14428008\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam! Vietnam!\",\n \"text\": \"went through numerous cuts and script alterations over a three-year period and, when finally released, managed to offend almost everyone. Critical reviews were unfavorable. USIA Director Frank Shakespeare left the decision on whether to order a copy of the film up to individual US Embassies abroad, and only a few did. Vietnam! Vietnam! Vietnam, Vietnam was a United States Information Agency (USIA) film about the Vietnam War. The film, narrated by Charlton Heston, was shot on location in Vietnam in October–December 1968 but not released until 1971. Though John Ford, the executive producer, went to Vietnam, he did not participate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15589584\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched\",\n \"text\": \"release. Between the August 3 and 7, 1998 Dispatched visited The Abyss, with Tommy Tägtgren to record the MCD \\\"Promised Land\\\". Dispatched signed a one-MCD deal with Kshatryas Productions of Germany, and released \\\"Promised Land\\\" in late 1998. In 1999, the band began rehearsing for a full-length album. In October, they entered Studio Abyss again with Tägtgren as producer. Two weeks were booked, but Dispatched was well-prepared and used only twelve days for the recording of ten new songs. The band had already received offers from several record companies before the session, but they refused to sign anything. Now with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4930592\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1973 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Nixon promised continued economic aid to South Vietnam, dependent upon U.S. congressional approval, and Thieu pledged to never ask the United States to reintroduce American troops into South Vietnam. The US and North Vietnam issued a joint communique calling on all parties to observe the 28 January ceasefire agreement with effect from 15 June. The Case–Church Amendment approved by the U.S. Congress and signed into law prohibited further U.S. military activity in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia after 15 August 1973. This ended direct U.S. military involvement in the Vietnam War, although the U.S. continued to provide military equipment and economic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14425465\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Vietnam was a matter of much debate. One U.S. government estimate was that the Viet Cong army consisted of 40,000 full-time fighters and 80,000 to 100,000 part-time guerrillas. The Department of Defense's fact book estimated that the Viet Cong numbered less than 200,000 plus 39,175 political cadre. These numbers presumably included thousands of fighters and cadre infiltrated from North Vietnam during the previous five years. The first North Vietnamese army units dispatched to South Vietnam, consisting of three regiments (about 5,000 men), had arrived in South Vietnam in late 1964. A junior-level CIA analyst, Samuel A. Adams, had just begun\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427172\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CIA activities in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"Vietnam to treat refugees and to train Vietnamese medical personnel. The second pacification operation was launched late April 1955 in the southern Dinh Dinh and northern Phu Yen portion of Central Vietnam. Northern Vietnamese troops needed a way to link themselves with their allies in Southern Vietnam. The Viet Cong and Northern Vietnamese soldiers were able to supply troops and military operations through secret tunnels and the Ho Chi Minh trail. The Ho Chi Minh trail was an interlocking trail system that was created through the borders of Laos and Cambodia that reach from North Vietnam to South Vietnam. During\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884309\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched labor\",\n \"text\": \"between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies. As long as the relationship between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies exists, whether dispatched workers engage in dispatched jobs or not, dispatched work agencies still have to pay wages to dispatched workers. Registered: There is no irregular labor relationship between dispatched work agencies and dispatched workers. Dispatched workers merely go to dispatched work agencies to register. Only when client enterprises ask dispatched work agencies for human resources and the demand meets dispatched workers' conditions, do dispatched work agencies sign labor contracts with dispatched workers. The period of a labor contract is usually\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18083068\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Joint warfare in South Vietnam, 1963–1969\",\n \"text\": \"Vietnam, and the 173rd Airborne Brigade for the Bien Hoa/Vũng Tàu area near Saigon. Early, CINCPAC had objected to the use of the 173rd, since it was the primary strategic reserve for Pacific Command. Westmoreland, in early June, saw the situation as close to collapse without a major commitment of ground troops, in addition to the ARVN. This triggered several weeks of intense debate among the President's close civilian advisers, with McNamara controlling all direct military input to the process. There were two drivers among the inner circle. First, some, but not all, were fervent believers in the containment doctrine,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14299737\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"ended direct U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War, created a ceasefire between North Vietnam/PRG and South Vietnam, guaranteed the territorial integrity of Vietnam under the Geneva Conference of 1954, called for elections or a political settlement between the PRG and South Vietnam, allowed 200,000 communist troops to remain in the south, and agreed to a POW exchange. There was a sixty-day period for the total withdrawal of U.S. forces. \\\"This article\\\", noted Peter Church, \\\"proved… to be the only one of the Paris Agreements which was fully carried out.\\\" All US forces personnel were completely withdrawn by March 1973. In\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447336\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1968 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Khe Sanh began with an assault by the PAVN on a hill held by U.S. Marines. Khe Sanh is in northwestern Quảng Trị Province, near the Demilitarized Zone. The combatants were elements of the U.S. III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF) and Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) against two to three PAVN division-size elements. NVA General Võ Nguyên Giáp later explained that his objective was to create a diversion to draw U.S. forces away from the populated areas of South Vietnam. Khe Sanh diverted 30,000 US troops away from the cities that would be the main targets of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14360795\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Chinese domination of Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"First Chinese domination of Vietnam The first Chinese domination is a period in Vietnamese history during which Vietnam was under Chinese rule from the north. It is the first of four periods of Chinese domination of Vietnam, the first three of which are almost continuous and referred to as (\\\"Northern domination\\\"). In 111 BC, the powerful Chinese Han dynasty conquered the Nam Việt (which in Chinese translates to \\\"land of the southern barbarians\\\") kingdom during its expansion southward and incorporated what is now northern Vietnam, together with much of modern Guangdong and Guangxi, into the expanding Han empire. Vietnamese resistance\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6246867\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CIA activities in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"A series of accusations in the early 1970s that the CIA was complicit in drug trafficking in Laos was a contributing factor in the public's opposition to US activities in Southeast Asia. Neither the CIA nor any of its officers were accused of direct activity in the narcotics operations, and it is likely that the agency did not focus much energy on the trafficking by indigenous allies until a heroin epidemic broke out among US troops in South Vietnam. There was nothing preventing the hill tribes in northern Laos from producing and selling opium until 1971, as the trade was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884370\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What About Us (The Saturdays song)\",\n \"text\": \"spot on the UK Singles Chart. This became the band's first ever number-one single in the United Kingdom. For every one copy that Timberlake's \\\"Mirrors\\\" sold, The Saturdays sold two more copies of \\\"What About Us\\\". \\\"What About Us\\\" sold 114,000 copies in the first week of release, making it, at the time, the fastest selling single of 2013. The track sold 40,000 copies more than Timberlake, who was pushed back to number-two on the UK Singles Charts. The band said they were thrilled to be the UK's number-one with \\\"What About Us\\\". They went on to thanking their fans\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16873813\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"strikes, the U.S. 173rd Airborne began another sweep through Zone D with 2,500 men and ARVN and Australian participation. The allies claimed to have inflicted 100 Viet Cong casualties. Maxwell Taylor resigned as U.S. Ambassador to South Vietnam. Taylor had earlier been opposed to the introduction of U.S. ground troops into South Vietnam, proposing instead an intensified air campaign against North Vietnam. Taylor would be replaced by Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr., who returned to Saigon for his second stint as ambassador. The New York Times reported that the 173rd Airborne suffered 10 killed and 42 wounded on its sweep through\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427215\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"People's Army of Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"People's Army of Vietnam The People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN; ), also known as the Vietnamese People's Army (VPA), is the military force of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. The PAVN is a part of the Vietnam People's Armed Forces and includes: Ground Force (including Strategic Rear Forces), Navy, Air Force, Border Defence Force, and Coast Guard. However, Vietnam does not have a separate Ground Force or Army branch. All ground troops, army corps, military districts and specialised arms belong to the Ministry of Defence, directly under the command of the Central Military Commission, the Minister of Defence, and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"443094\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Poverty in Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"Poverty in Vietnam As in many other developing countries, hunger and poverty in Vietnam has existed for a significant amount of time. Until the 1980s, most of the Vietnamese population still lived under the poverty line. However, thanks to the political and economic reform in 1986 and the government's commitment, the status of poverty and hunger in Vietnam has been significantly improved. From one of the poorest countries in the World with per capita income below US$100 per year, Vietnam is now a lower-middle income country with per capita income of US$1,910 by the end of 2013. Thereby, the poverty\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16349076\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"saw extensive action during the Vietnam War, and over 600 were deployed with US Forces. Ground forces also had access to B-52 and F-4 Phantom II and others to launch napalm, white phosphorus, tear gas and chemical weapons, precision-guided munition and cluster bombs. The Vietnam War was the first conflict where U.S. forces had secure voice communication equipment available at the tactical level. The National Security Agency ran a crash program to provide U.S. forces with a family of security equipment, code named NESTOR, fielding 17,000 units initially; eventually 30,000 units were produced. However, limitations of the units, including poor\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447411\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Joint warfare in South Vietnam, 1963–1969\",\n \"text\": \"the Politburo. Unknown to the U.S., their greatest fear was a major ground operation to cut the trail, which, indeed, would have meant entering Laos and Cambodia. Dong Sy Nguyen, the North Vietnamese general running trail operations, was less concerned with bombing than What worries me most is that they will send in troops or use choppers to send some commandos or drop paratroopers, who would then occupy a chunk of the trail. This would throw the entire complicated system out of whack. North Vietnam received foreign military aid shipments through its ports and rail system. This materiel (and PAVN\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14299722\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Remains of Us\",\n \"text\": \"What Remains of Us What Remains of Us () is a 2004 Canadian documentary film exploring the survival of the nonviolent resistance movement in Tibet. The documentary was shot over eight years without the knowledge of the Chinese authorities. A young Tibetan from Québec, Canada, enters her homeland for the first time — carrying a clandestine video message from the Dalai Lama to Tibetans inside Tibet. Released in 2004, the film raised controversy for showing the faces of 103 Tibetans speaking about human rights. Tibetans were informed of the purpose of the filming. The ones who appear made the choice\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11312905\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"were 543,000 American military personnel in Vietnam, but only 80,000 were considered combat troops.\\\" Conscription in the United States had been controlled by the president since World War II, but ended in 1973. As of 2013, the U.S. government is paying Vietnam veterans and their families or survivors more than $22 billion a year in war-related claims. By war's end, 58,220 American soldiers had been killed, more than 150,000 had been wounded, and at least 21,000 had been permanently disabled. The average age of the U.S. troops killed in Vietnam was 23.11 years. According to Dale Kueter, \\\"Of those killed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"If he were among us\",\n \"text\": \"If he were among us If he were among us () is a Saudi Arabian television series for youth presented by Ahmad Al Shugairi. Each program has multiple segments; the main segment is an interview with a young person. The interviewer asks questions such as: \\\"If the prophet Muhammad were with us today, what would he say about ___________?\\\" The second part of the show features a hidden camera focused on people in real-life situations. The objective is to discuss what the prophet Muhammad would do in the same situation as the camera's subjects. The third part of the show\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19348487\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Role of the United States in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"South Vietnamese government. Instead the initial deployment and gradual build-up was a unilateral decision by the US government. On May 5 the U.S. 173rd Airborne Brigade became the first U.S. Army ground unit committed to the conflict in South Vietnam. On August 18, Operation Starlite began as the first major U.S. ground operation, destroying an NLF stronghold in Quảng Ngãi Province. The North Vietnamese had already sent units of their regular army into southern Vietnam beginning in late 1964. Some officials in Hanoi had favored an immediate invasion of the South, and a plan was developed to use PAVN units\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9332427\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"the Vietnam War was partly attributed to greater access to uncensored information through extensive television coverage on the ground in Vietnam. Beyond opposition to the draft, anti-war protesters also made moral arguments against U.S. involvement in Vietnam. That moral imperative argument against the war was especially popular among American college students, who were more likely than the general public to accuse the United States of having imperialistic goals in Vietnam and to criticize the war as \\\"immoral.\\\" Civilian deaths, which were downplayed or omitted entirely by the Western media, became a subject of protest when photographic evidence of casualties emerged.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5077418\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War\",\n \"text\": \"Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War Brunswick Troops in the American Revolutionary War served as auxiliaries to the British Army during the American Revolutionary War, in accordance with the treaty of 1776 between Great Britain and the Principality of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. Four regiments of foot, one regiment of dragoons, one grenadier battalion, and one light battalion with a Jäger company were dispatched to British America. Most of the Brunswick troops fought at the Battles of Saratoga, where they were forced to surrender as part of British General John Burgoyne's army. A total of 5,723 soldiers were sent overseas, and 2,708\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20543741\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Military history of Australia during the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"dispatched as the Australian Army Training Team Vietnam (AATTV), also known as \\\"the Team\\\". The Australian military assistance was to be in jungle warfare training, and the Team comprised highly qualified and experienced officers and NCOs, led by Colonel Ted Serong, many with previous experience from the Malayan Emergency. Their arrival in South Vietnam during July and August 1962 was the beginning of Australia's involvement in the war in Vietnam. Relationships between the AATTV and US advisors were generally very cordial, but there were sometimes significant differences of opinion on the training and tactics that should be employed. For example,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8164882\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Role of the United States in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Tet, but it was very evident that it was totally dependent on U.S. airpower for its survival. Meanwhile, the withdrawal of American troops, who numbered less than 100,000 at the beginning of the year, was continued as scheduled. By June only six infantry battalions remained. On August 12, the last American ground combat division left the country. However, the U.S. continued to operate the base At Long Binh. Combat patrols continued there until November 11 when the U.S. handed over the base to the South Vietnamese. After this, only 24,000 American troops remained in Vietnam and President Nixon announced that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9332474\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"The siege led up to the Battle of Ia Drang. A CIA intelligence estimate said that \\\"Hanoi continues to asset its determination to press on with the war in South Vietnam despite the continuing attrition of the air war and the increase of US troops in the South.\\\" To protest the Vietnam War, a Quaker named Norman Morrison doused himself in kerosene and set himself on fire in front of The Pentagon. Morrison died. In a memorandum to President Johnson, Secretary McNamara estimated total communist forces in South Vietnam as having increased to 230,000, including 71,000 Viet Cong main force,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427229\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Look What This World Did to Us\",\n \"text\": \"This World Did To Us\\\" adapted from AllMusic. Managerial Visuals and imagery Performance credits Technical and production Look What This World Did to Us Look What This World Did To Us is a studio album by Red Pill. Released on April 7, 2015 by Mello Music Group, it was largely well received by critics. The Canadian music publication \\\"Exclaim!\\\" wrote that the lyrics \\\"range from deeply intimate, to unflinchingly grim, to hilariously self-deprecating, often in the same bar.\\\" According to Red Pill, at the time of writing the album he'd been reading Charles Bukowski, which somewhat influenced the album's focus\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18928609\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"War in Vietnam (1945–46)\",\n \"text\": \"War in Vietnam (1945–46) The War in Vietnam, codenamed Operation Masterdom by the British, and also known as Nam Bộ kháng chiến () by the Vietnamese, was a post–World War II armed conflict involving a largely British-Indian and French task force and Japanese troops from the Southern Expeditionary Army Group, versus the Vietnamese communist movement, the Viet Minh, for control of the country, after the unconditional Japanese surrender. The Indochina Wars are generally numbered as three: the first being France's unsuccessful eight-year conflict with the Vietminh nationalist forces (1946–1954); the second being the war for control of South Vietnam, featuring\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14547380\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched\",\n \"text\": \"a whole album, entitled \\\"Motherwar\\\", they sent out a few copies to various record companies again to see the reaction. The reviews were extremely positive and Dispatched was offered many deals from different labels. Dispatched eventually signed on Music for Nations in March 2000 to release \\\"Motherwar\\\". Following the release of \\\"Motherwar\\\", Larsson was replaced by Mattias Hellman on bass, and the band went to Studio Fredman in 2001 to record the band's second album. However, due to some problems, this record was never released. The band continued to write songs and do some live shows, but in late 2002,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4930593\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What They Always Tell Us\",\n \"text\": \"What They Always Tell Us What They Always Tell Us is the first novel by Martin Wilson, focusing on the relationship between two high school age brothers as one begins to embrace his homosexuality. The book was a finalist in the Children's/Young Adult category at the 2009 Lambda Literary Awards, but lost to \\\"Out of the Pocket\\\" by Bill Konigsberg. \\\"What They Always Tell Us\\\" was also chosen for the ALA's 2009 Rainbow List. \\\"What They Always Tell Us\\\" is told from the perspective of two brothers, Alex and James. Alex is a high school junior who struggles with depression;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16247845\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 25 Year War\",\n \"text\": \"The 25 Year War The 25 Year War: America's Military Role in Vietnam () is a book by General Bruce Palmer Jr. about the Vietnam War, and was published in 1984. The book is split into two parts, the first which follows chronologically the events leading to the fall of Saigon in 1975 and mentions Palmer's position in those events. The second part is called 'Assessment' and more broadly calls out what was done right and wrong and also offers an alternate role the US could have played in the conflict: Palmer is critical of covert operations: War involves fighting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9695736\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1947–50 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"communist activity was coordinated worldwide. Thus, the attack on South Korea caused the U.S. to become more concerned about the Việt Minh insurgency in Vietnam. Việt Minh forces were estimated to have grown to 250,000 personnel, including 120,000 in regular units organized into divisions. The remaining troops were regional and popular and primarily concerned with defense and security. An estimated 15,000 Chinese, in both Vietnam and China, assisted the Việt Minh with training, technicians, and advisers. The French had about 150,000 soldiers in Vietnam. The pro-French Vietnamese army numbered about 16,000 The first U.S. military advisers to Vietnam arrived in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19170359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"War in Vietnam (1945–46)\",\n \"text\": \"last two British/Indian battalions in Vietnam. Only a single company of the 2/8 Punjab remained to guard the Allied Control Mission in Saigon, and on May 15 it left, the mission having been disbanded a day earlier as the French became responsible for getting the remaining Japanese home. The last British troops to die in Vietnam were six soldiers killed in an ambush in June 1946. For Britain's involvement in the First Vietnam War, the officially stated casualty list was 40 British and Indian soldiers killed and French and Japanese casualties a little higher. An estimated 2,700 Viet Minh were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14547404\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"South Vietnam\",\n \"text\": \"in 1971. In accordance with the Paris Peace Accords signed with North Vietnam on 27 January 1973, US military forces withdrew from South Vietnam. North Vietnam was allowed to continue supplying communist troops in the South, but only to the extent of replacing materials that were consumed. The communist leaders had expected that the ceasefire terms would favour their side. But as Saigon began to roll back the Viet Cong, they found it necessary to adopt a new strategy, hammered out at a series of meetings in Hanoi in March 1973, according to the memoirs of Trần Văn Trà. As\",\n \"psg_id\": \"705543\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1965 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"revealed that Thao was a communist agent. General William Westmoreland, commander of MACV, requested that two battalions of United States Marines be assigned to protect the airbase at Da Nang from the increasing threat of attacks by the Viet Cong. General Khánh departed South Vietnam. He was persuaded to leave by his fellow generals and by Colonel Wilson of MACV. Air Marshall Nguyễn Cao Kỳ became the de facto leader of South Vietnam. The first South Korean troops arrived in South Vietnam. The number of South Korean troops in South Vietnam would total 49,755 by 1969. The U.S. paid most\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427186\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched labor\",\n \"text\": \"employment agencies were not confined to placement services and job placement anymore but the employer could provide laborers to third parties. Second, urged the international society members to attach importance on the flexibility of labor market. Because of the legislation of ILO Convention 181, it spurred big progress in the development of labor dispatching. Regularly Employed：Dispatched work agencies send their regular employed workers to client enterprises to provide labor. The labor contracts between dispatched workers and dispatched work agencies are irregular labor contracts, thus, whether the period of dispatched contracts expire or not, it will not influence the labor relation\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18083067\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1961 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"The NSAM also called for South Vietnam to improve its military establishment and mobilize its resources to prosecute the war. Thus, Kennedy stopped short of what many of his advisers, including General Taylor, had advised: the introduction of U.S. combat soldiers into South Vietnam. Kennedy's decision not to introduce combat troops surprised the Defense Department which had been assembling forces to be assigned to Vietnam, including Farm Gate aircraft. However, Kennedy's decision was a visible and undeniable violation of the Geneva Accords of 1954, still technically in force. President Kennedy approved the use of herbicides in Viet Nam to kill\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14427550\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1798 – The First Year of Liberty\",\n \"text\": \"the 1798 rebellion, and a handsome cover illustration. It has a substantial bibliography for those seeking further enlightenment, and it makes a useful complement to the more orthodox histories thereby listed. In fact, it tells us what orthodox histories do not tell us; what those who suffered made of the events of 1798.' 1798 – The First Year of Liberty 1798 – The First Year of Liberty is an album of traditional Irish songs relating to the 1798 rebellion by the United Irishmen. All songs are sung by Frank Harte and some are accompanied on bouzouki, guitar and occasional bodhrán\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12246069\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam Syndrome\",\n \"text\": \"brought about because of the Vietnam War and with feelings of doubt over the morality of America's intentions and actions during the war. Reagan, however, argued that America had fought for \\\"a noble cause\\\" and blamed the war in Vietnam exclusively on North Vietnam's aggression: Vietnam Syndrome Vietnam Syndrome, in U.S. politics, is a term used to refer to public aversion to American overseas military involvements, following the domestic controversy over the Vietnam War, which ended in 1975. Since the early 1980s, the combination of a public opinion apparently biased against war, a relative reluctance to deploy ground troops and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3064322\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"artillery, and airstrikes. The U.S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam. Following the Tết Offensive, U.S. forces began withdrawal under the Vietnamization phase; the Army of the Republic of Vietnam unconventional and conventional capabilities increased following a period of neglect and became modeled on heavy fire-power focused doctrines like US forces. Operations crossed international borders: bordering areas of Laos and Cambodia were used by North Vietnam as supply routes and were heavily bombed by U.S. forces. Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of \\\"Vietnamization\\\", which aimed to end American involvement in the war while\",\n \"psg_id\": \"447244\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dispatched labor\",\n \"text\": \"the same as with dispatched contracts, so when the dispatched contracts expire, the labor contracts do, too. Dispatched workers will go back to the status of registered. (1) Non-profit labor dispatched: Employees works for their employers, but at some special situations, employers lend them to the third one. Employers need employees to work for them for a long term, and they don't use employers to get profit, so they only dispatch workers to other enterprises temporarily; therefore, this kind dispatched workers' wages are better than who are in dispatched work agencies. As a result, there is no any specific law\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18083069\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces\",\n \"text\": \"km, of short range – up to 30 km, of medium range – up to 100 km, of long range – of more than 100 km. Further development of the Air Defence Troops of the GF is carried out by improving mobility, survivability, covertness of operation, automation’s degree, fire efficiency, expanding parameters of the affected area, reducing the response time and the mass-dimensional characteristics of the guided missile (rocket-artillery) systems. Air Defence Troops of the Russian Ground Forces The Air Defence Troops are an Arm of the Russian Ground Forces, intended to cover troops and facilities from means of air\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20466565\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1959 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"States Army historian said, \\\"Bolstered by some $190 million a year in American military and economic aid, Diệm enforced at least a degree of governmental authority throughout South Vietnam. His regime resettled the refugees, achieved a measure of economic prosperity, and promulgated what was, on paper, a progressive land reform policy. By means of a series of harsh and indiscriminate but effective anti-Communist 'denunciation' campaigns, Diệm made progress in destroying the remaining Viet Minh organization in the countryside. His troops kept the surviving sect and Communist guerrillas on the run, and his government attempted to establish mass organizations of its\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14430314\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1971 in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Chenla II was a major military operation conducted by the Cambodian military (then known as FANK) during the Cambodian Civil War. The Cambodian military failed to dislodge the communist North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong from territory and suffered heavy casualties. Operation Jefferson Glenn was the last major ground operation in which U.S. troops participated in the Vietnam War. Three battalions of the 101st Airborne patrolled the area west of the city of Huế, called the \\\"rocket belt,\\\" to try to prevent communist rocket attacks. The Americans were gradually replaced by soldiers of the South Vietnamese army. The Americans and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14423047\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["one thousand, nine hundred and sixty-five","1965"],"string":"[\n \"one thousand, nine hundred and sixty-five\",\n \"1965\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":80,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in 1999 anna kournikova signed a lucrative contract to model what?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"subsequently separated. The couple have invested in a $20 million home to be built on a private island in Miami. They had twins, Nicholas and Lucy, on Saturday, 16 December 2017, at South Miami Hospital. Most of Kournikova's fame has come from the publicity surrounding her looks and her personal life. During her debut at the 1996 US Open at the age of 15, the western world noticed her beauty, and soon pictures of her appeared in numerous magazines worldwide. In 2000, Kournikova became the new face for Berlei's shock absorber sports bras, and appeared in the \"only the ball","psg_id":"10150"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"subsequently separated. The couple have invested in a $20 million home to be built on a private island in Miami. They had twins, Nicholas and Lucy, on Saturday, 16 December 2017, at South Miami Hospital. Most of Kournikova's fame has come from the publicity surrounding her looks and her personal life. During her debut at the 1996 US Open at the age of 15, the western world noticed her beauty, and soon pictures of her appeared in numerous magazines worldwide. In 2000, Kournikova became the new face for Berlei's shock absorber sports bras, and appeared in the \\\"only the ball\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10150\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"also reached the final in Stanford. On 22 November 1999 she reached the world No. 1 ranking in doubles, and ended the season at this ranking. Anna Kournikova and Martina Hingis were presented with the WTA Award for Doubles Team of the Year. Kournikova opened her 2000 season winning the Gold Coast Open doubles tournament partnering with Julie Halard. She then reached the singles semifinals at the Medibank International Sydney, losing to Lindsay Davenport. At the Australian Open, she reached the fourth round in singles and the semi-finals in doubles. That season, Kournikova reached eight semifinals (Sydney, Scottsdale, Stanford, San","psg_id":"10136"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"back up to third place among athletes in terms of search popularity in 2010. In October 2010, Kournikova headed to NBC's \"The Biggest Loser\" where she led the contestants in a tennis-workout challenge. In May 2011, it was announced that Kournikova would join \"The Biggest Loser\" as a regular celebrity trainer in season 12. She did not return for season 13. In November 2010, she became an American citizen. In 2011, \"Men's Health\" named her one of the \"100 Hottest Women of All-Time\", ranking her at No. 29. Anna Kournikova Anna Sergeyevna Kournikova (; born 7 June 1981) is a","psg_id":"10153"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"Anna Kournikova Anna Sergeyevna Kournikova (; born 7 June 1981) is a Russian former professional tennis player. Her appearance and celebrity status made her one of the best known tennis stars worldwide. At the peak of her fame, fans looking for images of Kournikova made her name one of the most common search strings on Google Search. Despite never winning a singles title, she reached No. 8 in the world in 2000. She achieved greater success playing doubles, where she was at times the world No. 1 player. With Martina Hingis as her partner, she won Grand Slam titles in","psg_id":"10120"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)","text":"Anna Kournikova (computer virus) Anna Kournikova (named by its author as \"Vbs.OnTheFly Created By OnTheFly\") was a computer worm written by a 20-year-old Dutch student named Jan de Wit --who called himself 'OnTheFly'-- on February 11, 2001. It was designed to trick email users into opening a mail message purportedly containing a picture of the tennis player Anna Kournikova, while actually hiding a malicious program. The worm arrives in an email with the subject line \"Here you have, ;0)\" and an attached file called AnnaKournikova.jpg.vbs. When launched under Microsoft Windows the file does not display a picture of Anna Kournikova","psg_id":"13455539"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"for the 2008 Nautica Malibu Triathlon held at Zuma Beach in Malibu, California. The Race raised funds for children's Hospital Los Angeles. She won that race for women's K-Swiss team. On 27 September 2008, Kournikova played exhibition mixed doubles matches in Charlotte, North Carolina, partnering with Tim Wilkison and Karel Nováček. Kournikova and Wilkison defeated Jimmy Arias and Chanda Rubin, and then Kournikova and Novacek defeated Rubin and Wilkison. On 12 October 2008, Anna Kournikova played one exhibition match for the annual charity event, hosted by Billie Jean King and Elton John, and raised more than $400,000 for the Elton","psg_id":"10145"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"doubles specialists as Pam Shriver and Peter Fleming. Kournikova was in a relationship with fellow Russian Pavel Bure, an NHL ice hockey player. The two met in 1999 when Kournikova was still linked to Bure's former Russian teammate Sergei Fedorov. Bure and Kournikova were reported to have been engaged in 2000 after a reporter took a photo of them together in a Florida restaurant where Bure supposedly asked Kournikova to marry him. As the story made headlines in Russia, where they were both heavily followed in the media as celebrities, Bure and Kournikova both denied any engagement. Kournikova, 10 years","psg_id":"10148"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"with Martina Hingis. Hingis and Kournikova also won the Kremlin Cup. At the end of the 2001 season, she was ranked No. 74 in singles and No. 26 in doubles. Kournikova was quite successful in 2002. She reached the semifinals of Auckland, Tokyo, Acapulco and San Diego, and the final of the China Open, losing to Anna Smashnova. This was Kournikova's last singles final. With Martina Hingis, she lost in the final at Sydney, but they won their second Grand Slam title together, the Australian Open. They also lost in the quarterfinals of the US Open. With Chanda Rubin, Kournikova","psg_id":"10139"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)","text":"ZDNet Latin America in an interview. In the \"Friends\" episode \"The One in Barbados, Part One\", Ross Geller's laptop was infected by the Kournikova worm when Chandler Bing checked his email on it. The version of the worm in the episode was more malicious than the real thing, as it deleted Ross' entire hard drive, including his speech on paleontology, when it was opened. Moreover, the computer was a PowerBook G4, with which Windows-targeting malware would not be compatible. Anna Kournikova (computer virus) Anna Kournikova (named by its author as \"Vbs.OnTheFly Created By OnTheFly\") was a computer worm written by","psg_id":"13455545"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"Australia in 1999 and 2002, and the WTA Championships in 1999 and 2000. They referred to themselves as the \"Spice Girls of Tennis\". Kournikova retired at the age of 21 due to serious back and spinal problems, including a herniated disk. She lives in Miami Beach, Florida, and plays in occasional exhibitions and in doubles for the St. Louis Aces of World Team Tennis. She was a new trainer for season 12 of the television show \"The Biggest Loser\", replacing Jillian Michaels, but did not return for season 13. In addition to her tennis and television work, Kournikova serves as","psg_id":"10121"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)","text":"but launches a viral Visual Basic Script that forwards itself to everybody in the Microsoft Outlook address book of the victim. OnTheFly created Anna Kournikova using a simple and online available Visual Basic Worm Generator program by an Argentinian programmer called [K]Alamar. While similar to the ILOVEYOU worm that struck a year earlier in 2000, the Anna Kournikova worm did not corrupt data on the infected computer. Still, it affected millions of people and caused problems in email servers around the world. Apparently, the author created the worm in a matter of hours. \"The young man had downloaded a program","psg_id":"13455540"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"I went to a professional academy. I would go to school, and then my parents would take me to the club, and I'd spend the rest of the day there just having fun with the kids.\" In 1986, Kournikova became a member of the Spartak Tennis Club, coached by Larissa Preobrazhenskaya. In 1989, at the age of eight, Kournikova began appearing in junior tournaments, and by the following year, was attracting attention from tennis scouts across the world. She signed a management deal at age ten and went to Bradenton, Florida, to train at Nick Bollettieri's celebrated tennis academy. Following","psg_id":"10124"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"fourth round before losing to Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. Her strong year qualified her for the year-end 1998 WTA Tour Championships, but she lost to Monica Seles in the first round. However, with Seles, she won her first WTA doubles title, in Tokyo, beating Mary Joe Fernández and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the final. At the end of the season, she was ranked No. 10 in doubles. At the start of the 1999 season, Kournikova advanced to the fourth round in singles before losing to Mary Pierce. However, Kournikova won her first doubles Grand Slam title, partnering Martina Hingis. The two","psg_id":"10133"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)","text":"himself in to the police in his hometown Sneek on February 14, 2001, after he posted a letter of confession on a website and a newsgroup of player Anna Kournikova (alt.binaries.anna-kournikova) dated February 13. In it, he admitted creating the virus using a toolkit and explained his motivations as to see whether the IT community had learned their lesson to better secure systems in the aftermath of previous virus infections. But besides admission and regret he also attributed external blame for the rate of spreading on the beauty of the tennis player (he had pinups of her on his website)","psg_id":"13455542"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"defeated Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva in the final. At the Tier I Family Circle Cup, Kournikova reached her second WTA Tour final, but lost to Martina Hingis. She then defeated Jennifer Capriati, Lindsay Davenport and Patty Schnyder on her route to the Bausch & Lomb Championships semi-finals, losing to Ruxandra Dragomir. At The French Open, Kournikova reached the fourth round before losing to eventual champion Steffi Graf. Once the grass-court season commenced in England, Kournikova lost to Nathalie Tauziat in the semi-finals in Eastbourne. At Wimbledon, Kournikova lost to Venus Williams in the fourth round. She also reached the","psg_id":"10134"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"John AIDS Foundation and Atlanta AIDS Partnership Fund. She played doubles with Andy Roddick (they were coached by David Chang) versus Martina Navratilova and Jesse Levine (coached by Billie Jean King); Kournikova and Roddick won. Kournikova competed alongside John McEnroe, Tracy Austin and Jim Courier at the \"Legendary Night\", which was held on 2 May 2009, at the Turning Stone Event Center in Verona, New York. The exhibition included a mixed doubles match of McEnroe and Austin against Courier and Kournikova. In 2008, she was named a spokesperson for K-Swiss. In 2005, Kournikova stated that if she were 100% fit,","psg_id":"10146"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"partnering with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. They lost to Sabine Appelmans and Miriam Oremans. Kournikova and Savchenko-Neiland reached their second consecutive final at the Linz Open, losing to Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat. At the Miami Open, Kournikova reached her first WTA Tour singles final, before losing to Venus Williams in the final. Kournikova then reached two consecutive quarterfinals, at Amelia Island and the Italian Open, losing respectively to Lindsay Davenport and Martina Hingis. At the German Open, she reached the semi-finals in both singles and doubles, partnering with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. At the French Open Kournikova had her best result at this","psg_id":"10131"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"has said, \"We were young and we liked the clean, physical life, so Anna was in a good environment for sport from the beginning\". Kournikova received her first tennis racquet as a New Year gift in 1986 at age five. Describing her early regimen, she said, \"I played two times a week from age six. It was a children's program. And it was just for fun; my parents didn't know I was going to play professionally, they just wanted me to do something because I had lots of energy. It was only when I started playing well at seven that","psg_id":"10123"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"played the semi-finals of Wimbledon, but they lost to Serena and Venus Williams. Partnering Janet Lee, she won the Shanghai title. At the end of 2002 season, she was ranked No. 35 in singles and No. 11 in doubles. In 2003, Anna Kournikova collected her first Grand Slam match victory in two years at the Australian Open. She defeated Henrieta Nagyová in the 1st round, and then lost to Justine Henin-Hardenne in the 2nd round. She withdrew from Tokyo due to a sprained back suffered at the Australian Open and did not return to Tour until Miami. On 9 April,","psg_id":"10140"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"final in mixed doubles, partnering with Jonas Björkman, but they lost to Leander Paes and Lisa Raymond. Kournikova again qualified for year-end WTA Tour Championships, but lost to Mary Pierce in the first round, and ended the season as World No. 12. While Kournikova had a successful singles season, she was even more successful in doubles. After their victory at the Australian Open, she and Martina Hingis won tournaments in Indian Wells, Rome, Eastbourne and the WTA Tour Championshiops, and reached the final of The French Open where they lost to Serena and Venus Williams. Partnering with Elena Likhovtseva, Kournikova","psg_id":"10135"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"was ranked No. 305 in singles and No. 176 in doubles. Kournikova's two Grand Slam doubles titles came in 1999 and 2002, both at the Australian Open in the Women's Doubles event with partner Martina Hingis. Kournikova proved a successful doubles player on the professional circuit, winning 16 tournament doubles titles, including two Australian Opens and being a finalist in mixed doubles at the US Open and at Wimbledon, and reaching the No. 1 ranking in doubles in the WTA Tour rankings. Her pro career doubles record was 200–71. However, her singles career plateaued after 1999. For the most part,","psg_id":"10142"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"No. 67, where she lost in the first round to world No. 12, Amanda Coetzer. At the Italian Open, Kournikova lost to Amanda Coetzer in the second round. However, she reached the semifinals in the doubles partnering with Elena Likhovtseva, before losing to the sixth seeds Mary Joe Fernández and Patricia Tarabini. At the French Open, Kournikova made it to the third round before losing to world No. 1, Martina Hingis. She also reached the third round in doubles with Likhovtseva. At the Wimbledon Championships, Kournikova became only the second woman in the open era to reach the semifinals in","psg_id":"10128"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"ranked No. 32 in singles and No. 41 in doubles at the end of the season. In 1998, Kournikova broke into the WTA's top 20 rankings for the first time, when she was ranked No. 16. At the Australian Open, Kournikova lost in the third round to world No. 1 player, Martina Hingis. She also partnered with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland in women's doubles, and they lost to eventual champions Hingis and Mirjana Lučić in the second round. Although she lost in the second round of the Paris Open to Anke Huber in singles, Kournikova reached her second doubles WTA Tour final,","psg_id":"10130"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"younger than Bure, was 18 years old at the time. Fedorov claimed he and Kournikova were married in 2001, and divorced in 2003. Kournikova's representatives deny any marriage to Fedorov; however, Fedorov's agent Pat Brisson claims that although he does not know when they got married, he knew \"Fedorov was married\". Kournikova started dating pop star Enrique Iglesias in late 2001 (she appeared in his video, \"Escape\"). She has consistently refused to directly confirm or deny the status of her personal relationships. In June 2008, Iglesias was quoted by the \"Daily Star\" as having married Kournikova the previous year and","psg_id":"10149"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"tournament, making it to the fourth round before losing to Jana Novotná. She also reached her first Grand Slam doubles semifinals, losing with Savchenko-Neiland to Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva. During her quarterfinals match at the grass-court Eastbourne Open versus Steffi Graf, Kournikova injured her thumb, which would eventually force her to withdraw from the 1998 Wimbledon Championships. However, she won that match, but then withdrew from her semifinals match against Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. Kournikova returned for the Du Maurier Open and made it to the third round, before losing to Conchita Martínez. At the US Open Kournikova reached the","psg_id":"10132"},{"title":"Allan Kournikova","text":"Kournikova gained third consecutive titles in both the European and World championships, winning the division for 8 year olds. Kournikova won the May 27–29, 2014 Age 9 European Championship by 22 strokes. He won the 2015 European World Championship 10-year-old division by 4 strokes. He won the 2015 US Kids World Championship 10-year-old age group by 9 strokes. Allan Kournikova Allan Kournikova (born 21 September 2004) is a youth golfer who is the half-brother of Anna Kournikova and son of Alla Kournikova. He has won the 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 U. S. Kids Golf European Championships and 2011,","psg_id":"18119907"},{"title":"Allan Kournikova","text":"Allan Kournikova Allan Kournikova (born 21 September 2004) is a youth golfer who is the half-brother of Anna Kournikova and son of Alla Kournikova. He has won the 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 U. S. Kids Golf European Championships and 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 U.S. Kids Golf World Championships. He was also featured in the 2013 documentary film \"The Short Game\". In January 2010 Alla Kournikova was the subject of a third-degree felony child neglect case when she left five-year-old Allan at home without supervision while she ran errands. He jumped from a second floor balcony and was","psg_id":"18119904"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"in what would be the final WTA match of her career, Kournikova retired in the 1st round of the Family Circle Cup in Charleston, due to a left adductor strain. Her singles world ranking was 67. She reached the semifinals at the ITF tournament in Sea Island, before withdrawing from a match versus Maria Sharapova due to the adductor injury. She lost in the 1st round of the ITF tournament in Charlottesville. She did not compete for the rest of the season due to a continuing back injury. At the end of the 2003 season and her professional career, she","psg_id":"10141"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"she would like to come back and compete again. In June 2010, Kournikova reunited with her doubles partner Martina Hingis to participate in competitive tennis for the first time in seven years in the Invitational Ladies Doubles event at Wimbledon. On 29 June 2010 they defeated the British pair Samantha Smith and Anne Hobbs. Kournikova plays right-handed with a two-handed backhand. She is a great player at the net. She can hit forceful groundstrokes and also drop shots. Her playing style fits the profile for a doubles player, and is complemented by her height. She has been compared to such","psg_id":"10147"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"she managed to retain her ranking between 10 and 15 (her career high singles ranking was No.8), but her expected finals breakthrough failed to occur; she only reached four finals out of 130 singles tournaments, never in a Grand Slam event, and never won one. Her singles record is 209–129. Her final playing years were marred by a string of injuries, especially back injuries, which caused her ranking to erode gradually. As a personality Kournikova was among the most common search strings for both articles and images in her prime. Kournikova has not played on the WTA Tour since 2003,","psg_id":"10143"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"in the World\" in US and UK editions. By contrast, ESPN – citing the degree of hype as compared to actual accomplishments as a singles player – ranked Kournikova 18th in its \"25 Biggest Sports Flops of the Past 25 Years\". Kournikova was also ranked No. 1 in the ESPN Classic series \"Who's number 1?\" when the series featured sport's most overrated athletes. She continued to be the most searched athlete on the Internet through 2008 even though she had retired from the professional tennis circuit years earlier. After slipping from first to sixth among athletes in 2009, she moved","psg_id":"10152"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"would produce terrific results. At 15, she made her Grand Slam debut, when she reached the fourth round of the 1996 US Open, only to be stopped by then-top ranked player Steffi Graf, the eventual champion. After this tournament, Kournikova's ranking jumped from No. 144 to debut in the Top 100 at No. 69. Kournikova was a member of the Russian delegation to the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1996, she was named WTA Newcomer of the Year, and she was ranked No. 57 in the end of the season. Kournikova entered the 1997 Australian Open as world","psg_id":"10127"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"the main draw to third-seeded Sabine Appelmans. There at the 1995 Moscow Ladies Open Kournikova already reached her first WTA Tour doubles final. Partnering with 1995 Wimbledon girls' champion in both singles and doubles Aleksandra Olsza, she lost the title match to Meredith McGrath and Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. In February–March 1996, Kournikova won two ITF titles, in Midland, Michigan and Rockford, Illinois. Still 14, in April 1996 she debuted at the Fed Cup for Russia, the youngest player ever to participate and win a match. In 1996, she started playing under a new coach, Ed Nagel. Her six-year tenure with Ed","psg_id":"10126"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"but still plays exhibition matches for charitable causes. In late 2004, she participated in three events organized by Elton John and by fellow tennis players Serena Williams and Andy Roddick. In January 2005, she played in a doubles charity event for the Indian Ocean tsunami with John McEnroe, Andy Roddick, and Chris Evert. In November 2005, she teamed up with Martina Hingis, playing against Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur in the WTT finals for charity. Kournikova is also a member of the St. Louis Aces in the World Team Tennis (WTT), playing doubles only. In September 2008, Kournikova showed up","psg_id":"10144"},{"title":"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles","text":"first set 4–6. 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles The 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles was the doubles event of the twenty-fifth edition of the Eastbourne International, a WTA Tier II tennis tournament held in Eastbourne, England and part of the European grass court season. Mariaan de Swardt and Jana Novotná were the defending doubles champions but each competed with different partners in 1999. De Swardt partnered Elena Tatarkova and reached the semifinals where they lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova. Novotná teamed with Natalia Zvereva and they retired in the final to Hingis and Kournikova","psg_id":"14436451"},{"title":"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles","text":"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles The 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles was the doubles event of the twenty-fifth edition of the Eastbourne International, a WTA Tier II tennis tournament held in Eastbourne, England and part of the European grass court season. Mariaan de Swardt and Jana Novotná were the defending doubles champions but each competed with different partners in 1999. De Swardt partnered Elena Tatarkova and reached the semifinals where they lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova. Novotná teamed with Natalia Zvereva and they retired in the final to Hingis and Kournikova after losing the","psg_id":"14436450"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"Filderstadt, Zürich, Philadelphia and the Tour Championships (with Martina Hingis). Her 2001 season was dominated by injury, including a left foot stress fracture which forced her withdrawal from twelve tournaments, including the French Open and Wimbledon. She underwent surgery in April. She reached her second career grand slam quarterfinals, at the Australian Open. Kournikova then withdrew from several events due to continuing problems with her left foot and did not return until Leipzig. With Barbara Schett, she won the doubles title in Sydney. She then lost in the finals in Tokyo, partnering with Iroda Tulyaganova, and at San Diego, partnering","psg_id":"10138"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"her Wimbledon debut, the first being Chris Evert in 1972. There she lost to eventual champion Martina Hingis. At the US Open, she lost in the second round to the eleventh seed Irina Spîrlea. Partnering with Likhovtseva, she reached the third round of the women's doubles event. Kournikova played her last WTA Tour event of 1997 at Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Filderstadt, losing to Amanda Coetzer in the second round of singles, and in the first round of doubles to Lindsay Davenport and Jana Novotná partnering with Likhovtseva. She broke into the top 50 on 19 May, and was","psg_id":"10129"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"Diego, Luxembourg, Leipzig and Tour Championships), seven quarterfinals (Gold Coast, Tokyo, Amelia Island, Hamburg, Eastbourne, Zürich and Philadelphia) and one final. On 20 November 2000 she broke into top 10 for the first time, reaching No. 8. She was also ranked No. 4 in doubles at the end of the season. Kournikova was once again, more successful in doubles. She reached the final of the US Open in mixed doubles, partnering with Max Mirnyi, but they lost to Jared Palmer and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. She also won six doubles titles – Gold Coast (with Julie Halard), Hamburg (with Natasha Zvereva),","psg_id":"10137"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"her arrival in the United States, she became prominent on the tennis scene. At 14, she won the European Championships and the Italian Open Junior tournament. In December 1995, she became the youngest player to win the 18-and-under division of the Junior Orange Bowl tennis tournament. By the end of the year, Kournikova was crowned the ITF Junior World Champion U-18 and Junior European Champion U-18. Earlier, in September 1995, she received a wildcard into the WTA tournament in Moscow, the Moscow Ladies Open, qualifications and played her way through the qualifying rounds before losing in the second round of","psg_id":"10125"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"should bounce\" billboard campaign. Following that, she was cast by the Farrelly brothers for a minor role in the 2000 film \"Me, Myself & Irene\" starring Jim Carrey and Renée Zellweger. Photographs of her have appeared on covers of various publications, including men's magazines, such as one in the much-publicized 2004 \"Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue\", where she posed in bikinis and swimsuits, as well as in \"FHM\" and \"Maxim\". Kournikova was named one of \"People's\" 50 Most Beautiful People in 1998 and was voted \"hottest female athlete\" on ESPN.com. In 2002 she also placed first in \"FHM's 100 Sexiest Women","psg_id":"10151"},{"title":"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles","text":"second round. 1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Italian Open – Doubles was the doubles event of the fifty-fifth edition of the tennis tournament played at Rome, Italy, the most prestigious tennis tournament in Southern Europe. It was the fifth WTA Tier I tournament of the year, and part of the European claycourt season. Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova in the quarterfinals. Hingis and Kournikova won this tournament by defeating Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat in the final. The top four seeds received a bye","psg_id":"15994202"},{"title":"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles","text":"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Italian Open – Doubles was the doubles event of the fifty-fifth edition of the tennis tournament played at Rome, Italy, the most prestigious tennis tournament in Southern Europe. It was the fifth WTA Tier I tournament of the year, and part of the European claycourt season. Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova in the quarterfinals. Hingis and Kournikova won this tournament by defeating Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat in the final. The top four seeds received a bye into the","psg_id":"15994201"},{"title":"1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles","text":"1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles was the women's dobules event of the eighty-seventh edition of the Australian Open, the first Grand Slam of the year and the most prestigious tournament in the Asia-Pacific and the Southern Hemisphere. Martina Hingis and Mirjana Lučić were the defending champions, but Hingis competed with Russian Anna Kournikova, and Lučić competed with Frenchwoman Mary Pierce. Lučić and Pierce were defeated in the first round by Christina Singer and Helena Vildová.<br> Hingis and Kournikova, however, ended up winning the title, defeating first seeds Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva,","psg_id":"15714960"},{"title":"Anna Smashnova","text":"Anna Kournikova in the finals of the Shanghai Open. According to \"The New York Times\", Smashnova \"was precise and controlled throughout the match, hitting perfect winners in stride... Kournikova didn't score a point until the third game of the first set when Smashnova hit a shot wide. 'She was like a wall today, hitting everything back', Kournikova said.\" In October, she beat world No. 13 Chanda Rubin in Zurich. She played in the 2002 WTA Tour Championships, and lost in the first round to world No. 1 Serena Williams. On December 7, 2002, Anna married Claudio Pistolesi, her former coach","psg_id":"5387510"},{"title":"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles","text":"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles Martina Hingis and Jana Novotná were the defending champions, but they did not compete together this year. Novotná instead partnered with Natasha Zvereva as the first seed, whereas Hingis partnered with Anna Kournikova as the second seed. Novotná and Zvereva retired in their quarterfinal match against Lindsay Davenport and Mary Pierce, but Hingis and Kournikova reached the final where they lost to American sisters Serena and Venus Williams, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6. This was the first Grand Slam for the Williams sisters and would be their first step towards completing a Career Golden Slam in","psg_id":"15742846"},{"title":"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles","text":"doubles. 1999 French Open – Women's Doubles Martina Hingis and Jana Novotná were the defending champions, but they did not compete together this year. Novotná instead partnered with Natasha Zvereva as the first seed, whereas Hingis partnered with Anna Kournikova as the second seed. Novotná and Zvereva retired in their quarterfinal match against Lindsay Davenport and Mary Pierce, but Hingis and Kournikova reached the final where they lost to American sisters Serena and Venus Williams, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6. This was the first Grand Slam for the Williams sisters and would be their first step towards completing a Career Golden Slam","psg_id":"15742847"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis","text":"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis, known in Japan as , is a tennis video game developed by Namco for the PlayStation. It is the second title in Namco's \"Smash Court\" series of games. The game was released in Japan in November 1998 and was later released in Europe in 1999, featuring the likeness of professional tennis player Anna Kournikova. It was re-released in 2014 on PlayStation Network. \"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis\" is a simple tennis game which can be played with up to four players. The game features various modes such as a training","psg_id":"17430363"},{"title":"Pavel Bure","text":"Bure derived no immigration benefit from the marriage, which was dissolved the following year. Bohn became a costume designer in the film and television industry. After being linked to girlfriend Dahn Bryan, a model and actress, early in his NHL career, Bure shared a relationship with tennis star and fellow Russian Anna Kournikova. The two met in 1999 when she was still linked to Bure's former Russian teammate Sergei Fedorov. Bure and Kournikova were reported to have been engaged in 2000 after reporter Andrew Greven took a photo of them together in a Florida restaurant where Bure supposedly asked Kournikova","psg_id":"2997926"},{"title":"1999 Family Circle Cup","text":"1999 Family Circle Cup The 1999 Family Circle Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Sea Pines Plantation on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina in the United States that was part of Tier I of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the 27th edition of the tournament and was held from March 29 through April 4, 1999. Martina Hingis won the singles title. Martina Hingis defeated Anna Kournikova, 6–4, 6–3 Elena Likhovtseva / Jana Novotná defeated Barbara Schett / Patty Schnyder, 6–1, 6–4 The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The","psg_id":"14396348"},{"title":"1999 French Open","text":"1999 French Open The 1999 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 24 May until 6 June. It was the 103rd staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1999. Andre Agassi defeated Andrei Medvedev, 1–6, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3, 6–4 Steffi Graf defeated Martina Hingis, 4–6, 7–5, 6–2 Mahesh Bhupathi / Leander Paes defeated Goran Ivanišević / Jeff Tarango, 6–2, 7–5 Serena Williams / Venus Williams defeated Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6","psg_id":"5221097"},{"title":"1999 Direct Line International Championships","text":"defeated Nathalie Tauziat, 0–6, 7–5, 6–3 Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Jana Novotná / Natasha Zvereva, 6–4 retired 1999 Direct Line International Championships The 1999 Direct Line International Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Eastbourne Tennis Centre in Eastbourne in the United Kingdom that was part of Tier II of the 1999 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 14 June until 19 June 1999. Natasha Zvereva won the singles title. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The following players","psg_id":"14435553"},{"title":"1999 Bank of the West Classic","text":"received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: Lindsay Davenport defeated Venus Williams, 7–6, 6–2 Lindsay Davenport / Corina Morariu defeated Anna Kournikova / Elena Likhovtseva, 6–4, 6–4 1999 Bank of the West Classic The 1999 Bank of the West Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Stanford, California in the United States. It was part of Tier II of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the 28th edition of the tournament and was held from July 26 through August 1, 1999. The singles title was won by Lindsay Davenport. The following players received wildcards into","psg_id":"17190210"},{"title":"1999 Wimbledon Championships","text":"6–4, 7–6 Lindsay Davenport / Corina Morariu defeated Mariaan de Swardt / Elena Tatarkova, 6–4, 6–4 Lisa Raymond / Leander Paes defeated Jonas Björkman / Anna Kournikova, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 Jürgen Melzer defeated Kristian Pless, 7–6, 6–3 Iroda Tulyaganova defeated Lina Krasnoroutskaya, 7–6, 6–4 Guillermo Coria / David Nalbandian defeated Todor Enev / Jarkko Nieminen, 7–5, 6–4 Dája Bedáňová / María Emilia Salerni defeated Tatiana Perebiynis / Iroda Tulyaganova, 6–1, 2–6, 6–2 1999 Wimbledon Championships The 1999 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in","psg_id":"5228809"},{"title":"1999 WTA Tour Championships","text":"had used since 1984 and reverted to a best-of-three-set final. Lindsay Davenport defeated Martina Hingis, 6–4, 6–2. Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario / Larisa Neiland, 6–4, 6–4. Players with a gold background have enough points to qualify, while players with a blue background did not but could play as alternates. A brown background means a player qualified but was unable to play due to injury or retirement. 1999 WTA Tour Championships The 1999 WTA Tour Championships, also known by its sponsored name The Chase Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at","psg_id":"10988006"},{"title":"1999 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles","text":"the draw by the highest-ranked non-seeded player Anna Kournikova, who became the #17 seed. 1999 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles Jana Novotná was the defending champion but lost in the quarterfinals to Lindsay Davenport. Davenport defeated Steffi Graf in the final, 6–4, 7–5 to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships. This was to be the final Grand Slam tournament in which Graf would appear. This tournament saw a number of surprises, including a first round defeat of World No. 1 and first seed Martina Hingis at the hands of Australian qualifier and World No. 129","psg_id":"7090776"},{"title":"Anna Smashnova","text":"the 1996 Australian Open she defeated world No. 15 Natasha Zvereva in three sets. She won her first top-level WTA tour singles title in 1999 at Tashkent. She won her second career title in 2000, winning the Sanex Trophy in Belgium. Smashnova defeated Anna Kournikova in straight sets in her semifinal match, and went on to win the final against top-seed Dominique Van Roost. She had a breakthrough in 2002, winning four titles and beating 11 players ranked in the top 20, including Jelena Dokić, Justine Henin, and Kim Clijsters. In January 2002, Smashnova defeated Tatiana Panova in the ASB","psg_id":"5387508"},{"title":"Dean Anna","text":"for the Cardinals in an April game against the Washington Nationals. On September 4 he was designated for assignment by the Cardinals. Anna signed a minor league deal with the Kansas City Royals on January 21, 2017. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017. On January 24, 2018, Anna signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox. On March 28, 2018, Anna was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies organization and assigned to the Class AAA Lehigh Valley IronPigs. On December 11, 2018, Anna signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins. Dean Anna Dean William Anna","psg_id":"17683692"},{"title":"1999 US Open (tennis)","text":"Mahesh Bhupathi defeated Kimberly Po / Donald Johnson, 6–4, 6–4 Jarkko Nieminen defeated Kristian Pless 6–7, 6–3, 6–4 Lina Krasnoroutskaya defeated Nadia Petrova 6–3, 6–2 Julien Benneteau / Nicolas Mahut defeated Tres Davis / Alberto Francis 6–4, 3–6, 6–1 Dája Bedáňová / Iroda Tulyaganova defeated Galina Fokina / Lina Krasnoroutskaya 6–3, 6–4 Withdrawals: Steffi Graf, Anna Kournikova 1999 US Open (tennis) The 1999 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 119th edition of the US Open","psg_id":"5255016"},{"title":"1999 Italian Open (tennis)","text":"following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw: The following player received entry as a lucky loser: The following players received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: The following players received entry as lucky losers: Gustavo Kuerten def. Patrick Rafter, 6–4, 7–5, 7–6. Venus Williams def. Mary Pierce, 6–4, 6–2. Ellis Ferreira / Rick Leach def. David Adams / John-Laffnie de Jager, 6–7, 6–1, 6–2. Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova def. Alexandra Fusai / Nathalie Tauziat, 6–2, 6–2. 1999 Italian Open (tennis) The 1999 Italian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 56th","psg_id":"12648571"},{"title":"1999 Australian Open","text":"is also Hingis' fifth consecutive Grand Slam doubles final and Kournikova's first. Hingis and Kournikova triumphed in straight sets, 7–5, 6–3, to make Hingis' fifth doubles Grand Slam win and the fifth doubles Grand Slam defeat of Davenport and Zvereva. Championship match result The seeds for the mixed doubles title were led by 1991 French Open finalists Caroline Vis and Paul Haarhuis. Anna Kournikova and Mark Knowles came second, while Rennae Stubbs and Jim Grabb and Mirjana Lučić and Mahesh Bhupathi followed. In a massive surprise, all of the top three seeds fell in the first round, with No. 6","psg_id":"5229503"},{"title":"1999 Australian Open","text":"and Björkman later won the title, defeating the Indian first seeds Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes in five sets. Hingis and Lučić also separated, with Hingis teaming up with Anna Kournikova and Lučić teaming up with Mary Pierce. Lučić and Pierce fell in the first round, but Hingis and Kournikova went on to win, by defeating first seeds Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva at the final. The mixed doubles competition saw Williams and Gimelstob not competing, and none of the seeds reaching past the second round. In the end, the South African team of Mariaan de Swardt and David Adams","psg_id":"5229482"},{"title":"1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup","text":"3–6, 7–5 Wayne Black / Sandon Stolle defeated Ellis Ferreira / Rick Leach, 7–6, 6–3 Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Mary Joe Fernández / Jana Novotná, 6–2, 6–2 The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw: The following players received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: 1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup The 1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 24th edition of","psg_id":"12677018"},{"title":"Anna Kournikova","text":"a Global Ambassador for Population Services International's \"Five & Alive\" program, which addresses health crises facing children under the age of five and their families. Anna Kournikovas father, Sergei Kournikov (born 1961), a former Greco-Roman wrestling champion, eventually earned a PhD and was a professor at the University of Physical Culture and Sport in Moscow. As of 2001, he was still a part-time martial arts instructor there. Her mother Alla (born 1963) had been a 400-metre runner. Her younger brother, Allan, is a youth golf world champion who was featured in the 2013 documentary film \"The Short Game\". Sergei Kournikov","psg_id":"10122"},{"title":"Custody battle for Anna Mae He","text":"for Anna Mae to obtain health insurance and the interpreter testified that she signed the order believing custody to be temporary. The Hes continued to visit Anna Mae regularly for about an hour a week. Louise Baker began to keep a diary in which she documented the Hes' visits to Anna Mae, writing down when the visits were, how long they lasted, how the Hes interacted with Anna Mae, and what gifts they gave her. In October 1999, friction began when the Hes wanted to take Anna Mae out of the Bakers' home and the Bakers refused. Louise Baker wrote","psg_id":"10674369"},{"title":"The Model Scouts","text":"She won a one-year contract with IMG, and became the face of \"A Wear\" in Ireland and the United Kingdom. She also appeared on the cover of \"Life\", the magazine section of the \"Sunday Independent\". The Model Scouts The Model Scouts, formerly The Model Agent during its first season in 2009, was an Irish reality documentary on RTÉ Two that followed twelve girls competing for a lucrative modelling contract with IMG. In 2009 the series followed model scout Fiona Ellis on her search for an Irish supermodel. On her way through Ireland, Ellis spotted eight girls in the entire country","psg_id":"13364047"},{"title":"The Model Scouts","text":"The Model Scouts The Model Scouts, formerly The Model Agent during its first season in 2009, was an Irish reality documentary on RTÉ Two that followed twelve girls competing for a lucrative modelling contract with IMG. In 2009 the series followed model scout Fiona Ellis on her search for an Irish supermodel. On her way through Ireland, Ellis spotted eight girls in the entire country and chose the last four of the twelve finalists through applications that she received. Each episode saw the elimination of one or more girls. The winner, Carrie-Anne Burton, won a contract with the Independent Models","psg_id":"13364045"},{"title":"Anna Andres","text":"offers of cooperation from model agencies in Kyiv, Milan, London and Shanghai. While studying at the University, Anna signs a contract with such model agencies as L Models (Kyiv) and Bookings (London), and periodically works as a model. In April 2014 Andres appears on the cover of L’officiel Ukraine. On June 6, 2014, Anna became a winner of the leading beauty contest in Ukraine “Miss Ukraine Universe”. Then she began to participate in Ukrainian charitable projects, collaborate with the charitable funds that provide assistance to the elderly and children-settlers from the ATO zone in the Donbas. In September 2014 Andres","psg_id":"18087124"},{"title":"Signed by Katie Price","text":"Signed by Katie Price Signed by Katie Price (formerly \"Discovered by Katie Price\") is a British reality television show aired on Sky Living, in which 13 hopefuls compete for a management contract with management company Blacksheep Management owned by glamour model Katie Price. The winner received a management contract, a mentorship with Price, yearly calendars, red carpet events, overseas jobs, magazine deals, Range Rover for a year, a spread within a fashion magazine which also includes appearing on the front cover and a holiday in Maldives. Other benefits include a car, holiday, money, or an apartment among other things. It","psg_id":"17496161"},{"title":"Anna Prelević","text":"Anna Prelević Anna Prelević (, , born April 28, 1990 in Belgrade, FR Yugoslavia) is Miss Greece 2010 and the daughter of the legendary basketball player of PAOK BC Branislav Prelević. Anna was born on April 28, 1990 in Belgrade. She is the daughter of former basketball player Branislav Prelević and Nevena Prelević-Marjanović, daughter of legendary Serbian singer Đorđe Marjanović. She was born in Belgrade but grew up in Thessaloniki. In 1996, when her father signed with Virtus Bologna, they moved to Bologna, Italy. But after one season, her father signed a contract with AEK BC and so they moved","psg_id":"15872982"},{"title":"Sanja Papić","text":"Sanja Papić Sanja Papić (Serbian Cyrillic: Сања Папић, born 25 June 1984 in Novi Sad, Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Serbian model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented Serbia and Montenegro at Miss Universe 2003 where she placed 3rd Runner-Up and Miss Europe 2003 where she placed 2nd Runner-Up. In September 2003, Papić finished as a runner-up at the Miss Europe contest in Paris. In November, she left for New York in the company of Roberto Cavalli as his muse. She had been Omega Watches Ambassador (alongside Michael Schumacher, Anna Kournikova and Cindy Crawford), following a contract between Omega and","psg_id":"10839998"},{"title":"Spice Girls","text":"Association (WTA) doubles team of Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova, two-time Grand Slam and two-time WTA Finals Doubles champions, dubbed themselves the \"Spice Girls of tennis\" in 1999. Hingis and Kournikova, along with fellow WTA players Venus and Serena Williams, were also labelled the \"Spice Girls of tennis\", then later the “Spite Girls”, by the media in the late 1990s due to their youthfulness, popularity, and brashness. Wax sculptures of the Spice Girls are currently on display at the famed Madame Tussauds New York wax museum. The sculptures of the Spice Girls (sans Halliwell) were first unveiled in December 1999,","psg_id":"387112"},{"title":"Anna Watson (cheerleader)","text":"reportedly offered a $75,000 contract from Elite Model Management to serve as a fitness model, but declined because the agency would require her to take legal steroids to enhance her muscle size. She shared with Robin Roberts on Good Morning America and reporters from Inside Edition that taking steroids would go against her religious and personal beliefs, even though she was later accused by certain tabloids and talk show hosts of taking steroids to enhance her performance. Anna Watson (cheerleader) Anna Watson is a fitness model and former cheerleader at the University of Georgia. She has been referred to as","psg_id":"16531562"},{"title":"Slovenski Top Model","text":"Slovenski Top Model Slovenski Top Model () is a Slovenian reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Slovenia against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win title of the next \"Slovene Top Model\" and a lucrative modelling contract with Alen Kobilica Models agency, a spread in the Slovenian issue of \"Elle\", car Seat Ibiza, the winner will also become face of Maybeline New York for Slovenia, she will receive mobile package Orto Muziq for 2 years and hopes of a successful future in the modeling business. The competition","psg_id":"14617442"},{"title":"What a Piece of Work","text":"What a Piece of Work What a Piece of Work is a 1999 verse novel by Australian poet Dorothy Porter which was shortlisted for the 2000 Miles Franklin Award. In an address to the Tasmanian Writers' and Readers' festival in August 1999, Porter stated: \"This is a verse novel in the voice of a male psychiatrist, Doctor Peter Cyren, working in Sydney's Callan Park Mental Hospital in the late 60s, who goes from pretty bad to heinous worse. My model here was Shakespeare with his black-hearted but full blooded creations such as Macbeth and Iago. The challenge is to make","psg_id":"18869324"},{"title":"What a Piece of Work","text":"bad men good company. And Shakespeare takes that hurdle with magnificent ease.\" What a Piece of Work What a Piece of Work is a 1999 verse novel by Australian poet Dorothy Porter which was shortlisted for the 2000 Miles Franklin Award. In an address to the Tasmanian Writers' and Readers' festival in August 1999, Porter stated: \"This is a verse novel in the voice of a male psychiatrist, Doctor Peter Cyren, working in Sydney's Callan Park Mental Hospital in the late 60s, who goes from pretty bad to heinous worse. My model here was Shakespeare with his black-hearted but full","psg_id":"18869325"},{"title":"Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir","text":"Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir (born 1 May 1985 in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic handballer who plays for Valur as a line player. In July 2011, Anna moved to Hungarian club Érdi VSE, but was later released from her contract by mutual agreement without playing a game. Anna won the Icelandic championship with Grótta in 2015 and 2016. She served as a player/assistant coach for Grótta during the 2016-2017 season. After sitting for the first half of the 2017-2018 season due to the birth of her second child, Anna signed with Valur in January 2018. Anna played two games","psg_id":"15754409"},{"title":"Top Model po-russki","text":"Top Model po-russki Top Model po-russki (Топ-модель по-русски; ) is a Russian reality television show and the second Russian adaptation of Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\", after \"You are a Supermodel\", which aired from 2004 to 2007. The show sees a number of aspiring models compete against each other in a variety of challenges to win the title of the next \"Top Model\" of Russia, along with a lucrative modelling contract and other prizes in the hope of a successful career in the modeling industry. On November 30, 2012, it was announced that \"Top model po-russki\" had been cancelled","psg_id":"15460333"},{"title":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3)","text":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 3 (Polish for \"Top Model. Become a Model\") is the third Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \"Polish Top Model\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \"Glamour\" and a nationwide \"Max Factor\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling","psg_id":"16500367"},{"title":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 2)","text":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 2) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 2 (Polish for \"Top Model. Become a Model\") is the second Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \"Polish Top Model\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \"Glamour\" and a nationwide \"Max Factor\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling","psg_id":"15952417"},{"title":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 1)","text":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 1) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 1 (Polish for \"Top Model. Become a Model\") was the first cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that places contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \"Polish Top Model\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \"Glamour\" and a nationwide \"Max Factor\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling","psg_id":"15064297"},{"title":"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3)","text":"the third winner of the competition. Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 3 (Polish for \"Top Model. Become a Model\") is the third Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \"Polish Top Model\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \"Glamour\" and a nationwide \"Max Factor\" campaign in hopes of","psg_id":"16500400"},{"title":"Top Model (Poland season 4)","text":"Top Model (Poland season 4) Top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \"Polish Top Model\". Among the prizes are a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \"Glamour\" and 100,000 złotys (US$30,000). The campaign with Max Factor featured in previous cycles has been dropped. The competition was hosted by Polish-born","psg_id":"18252771"},{"title":"Anna Jagodzińska","text":"in punitive damages. As of 2012, no resolution had been made public. Anna Jagodzińska Anna Maria Jagodzińska (born September 12, 1987) is a Polish model. She has appeared on the covers of American, Italian, Australian, Chinese, Portuguese, and German \"Vogue\", \"L'Officiel\", \"Revue de Modes\", and Japanese \"Numéro\". As of December 2011, she was ranked #9 among models at the website models.com. Jagodzińska was born September 12, 1987 in Sierpc, Poland. She signed with NEXT Model Management in 2003, and made her runway debut at Pringle of Scotland's Fall 2003 show. Later that year, she moved to New York City. During","psg_id":"13114558"},{"title":"Anna Jagodzińska","text":"Anna Jagodzińska Anna Maria Jagodzińska (born September 12, 1987) is a Polish model. She has appeared on the covers of American, Italian, Australian, Chinese, Portuguese, and German \"Vogue\", \"L'Officiel\", \"Revue de Modes\", and Japanese \"Numéro\". As of December 2011, she was ranked #9 among models at the website models.com. Jagodzińska was born September 12, 1987 in Sierpc, Poland. She signed with NEXT Model Management in 2003, and made her runway debut at Pringle of Scotland's Fall 2003 show. Later that year, she moved to New York City. During Spring 2004 fashion weeks (September 2003), she modeled for DKNY and Marc","psg_id":"13114553"},{"title":"Allan Kournikova","text":"Public School and completing the rest of his classes at Palm Beach Virtual School to allow more afternoon time for training. Kournikova won his first U. S. Kids World championship in August 2011 by capturing the 6-and-under division. That month, Universal Studios followed him and Alexa Pano for six days to shoot footage for a prospective documentary film. By 2012, his repeat world championships were mentioned in \"The Wall Street Journal\". This defense of his title at the 2012 U. S. Kids Golf World Championship was chronicled in the 2013 documentary film \"The Short Game\". In June and August 2013,","psg_id":"18119906"},{"title":"Recording contract","text":"the decision to remain with the label that made her famous, or sign a deal with a company that was willing to pay her what she felt she was worth, she ultimately signed with RCA. That $20 million deal was the biggest recording contract at the time. She had signed with RCA for North America only, she signed a separate longterm contract with Capitol/EMI for international territories. That contractual amount was never officially released. However, it is believed to be as much as $20 more million and she has remained currently signed with them for over 30 years and has","psg_id":"5794233"},{"title":"Slovenski Top Model (season 1)","text":"Slovenski Top Model (season 1) Slovenski Top Model, Season 1 was the first season of a reality documentary based on Tyra Banks \"America's Next Top Model\" that pits contestants from Slovenia against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win title of the next \"Slovene Top Model\" and a lucrative modelling contract with Alen Kobilica Models agency, a spread in the Slovenian issue of \"Elle\", car Seat Ibiza, the winner will also become face of Maybeline New York for Slovenia, she will receive mobile package Orto Muziq for 2 years and hopes of a successful future","psg_id":"15120111"},{"title":"Top Model po-ukrainsky","text":"Top Model po-ukrainsky Top Model po-ukrainsky formerly known as Supermodel po-ukrainsky (\"Супермодель по-українськи\"; ) is a Ukrainian reality television series which takes its format from the Spanish reality show \"Supermodelo\". The show places a group of young contestants from Ukraine against each other in a variety of challenges to determine who will win title of the new 'Ukrainian supermodel' along with a lucrative modelling contract, and other prizes in the hope of a successful future in the modeling industry. Beginning with season 4, the franchise adopted the \"Top Model\" format. The competition is hosted by supermodel Alla Kostromichova. The panel","psg_id":"18233280"},{"title":"Emma B (model)","text":"modelling contest co-sponsored by his agency, Martin Enterprises—Studio 17. Before the event had started, Martin Robinson saw her walking through the foyer and stated, \"One day she will be a supermodel\". Having contacted Elite Model Management, one of the world's best-known agencies, she subsequently won their \"Look of the Year\" in July 1995 at the age of 16. The win was followed by a lucrative modeling contract with Elite, resulting in the young model, now known as Emma B, embarking on a high-profile path in the industry. As a fashion model, Emma B was in high demand and travelled the","psg_id":"9220922"},{"title":"Anna Walentynowicz","text":"for yourself and care for others, just look what you can become, \"Pani Ania\", a worthier role model than most, because an honest one. Our caring and protective mother!\" Exhumation in 2012 revealed that a different person – Teresa Walewska-Przyjałkowska – was buried in Anna Walentynowicz's grave. Upon the discovery, the bodies were reburied in the correct graves. In 2015 trial began over attempted poisoning of Anna Walentynowicz in 1981. In December 2015 the main room (\"The Column Room\") in the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland was named after Anna Walentynowicz. Anna Walentynowicz Anna Walentynowicz (; 15 August","psg_id":"7693451"},{"title":"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series)","text":"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series) Next Top Model is a Romanian reality television show based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\". It pits aspiring models against each other in a variety of tests in order to determine who will win title of Romania's \"Next Top Model\" along with a lucrative 4 year-long modelling contract with MRA Models worth 50,000 Euros. The first three season of the competition were hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu, making him the fifth male host of the \"Top Model\" franchise after Fyodor Bondarchuk, Alexander Tsekalo (both Russia), Jay Manuel (Canada) and Nathan","psg_id":"15226306"},{"title":"Anna Geislerová","text":"Anna Geislerová Anna Geislerová, also known as Aňa Geislerová (born 17 April 1976), is a Czech actress. She became well known for her double role of Eliška/Hana in movie \"Želary\" (2003) and as Anna in \"Návrat idiota\" (1999). A former model, Geislerová made her feature film debut at age 12. Born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, Geislerová's rise to national fame began at the early age of 14 when she debuted in Filip Renč's \"Requiem pro panenku\" in 1991. Since then, the country has followed her career closely, watching her metamorphose into the Czech Republic's most recognised celebrity on the small and","psg_id":"11365629"},{"title":"Emma B (model)","text":"world, appearing in catwalk shows and ad campaigns for top designers, including Chanel, Prada, Valentino, Guess?, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, Westwood, Hamnett and Bella Freud. Her image has been on the covers of \"Vogue\", \"Elle\", \"Harper's Bazaar\", \"Marie Claire\" and numerous others, while a lucrative lingerie contract with Debenhams featured her as their \"lingerie face\" for two years. This led to intense media interest and she soon became a favourite celebrity face and glamour model in the British tabloids and gossip pages. As a result of her celebrity status, she became a \"name\" model, appearing regularly in such publications as","psg_id":"9220923"},{"title":"Anna Geislerová","text":"her husband Zdeněk Janáček have a daughter Stella, and a son Bruno. Geislerová is part of the Shooting Stars jury 2010, which selected 10 European up-and-coming actors from the group of nominees for receiving the Shooting Star Award 2010 in February at the Berlin International Film Festival. Anna Geislerová Anna Geislerová, also known as Aňa Geislerová (born 17 April 1976), is a Czech actress. She became well known for her double role of Eliška/Hana in movie \"Želary\" (2003) and as Anna in \"Návrat idiota\" (1999). A former model, Geislerová made her feature film debut at age 12. Born in Prague,","psg_id":"11365631"},{"title":"1999 Australian Open","text":"However, Björkman and Rafter took out the fifth set 6–4 to claim Björkman's second and Rafter's only Grand Slam doubles title. Championship match result With none of the teams present having won a Grand Slam doubles title together, the competition was wide open. Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva were the first seeds, having lost in the finals of all the Grand Slams last year. Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs followed them as the second seed, while last year's doubles star and defending champion Martina Hingis and her new doubles partner Anna Kournikova were the third seed. Veterans Larisa Neiland and","psg_id":"5229500"},{"title":"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series)","text":"won the competition. Season 3 began airing on September 20, 2012, and was eventually won by Ramona Popescu. Next Top Model (Romanian TV series) Next Top Model is a Romanian reality television show based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\". It pits aspiring models against each other in a variety of tests in order to determine who will win title of Romania's \"Next Top Model\" along with a lucrative 4 year-long modelling contract with MRA Models worth 50,000 Euros. The first three season of the competition were hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu, making him the fifth male","psg_id":"15226311"},{"title":"In a Model Room","text":"clicking noise made when a key is pressed, the production wanted to take it out of the mix and constantly told P-Model to rent an expensive keyboard, which they refused adamantly. P-Model would alter the equalization settings Furukawa used to remove the clicking noise every time he looked away from the mixing console until he stopped noticing it. Hirasawa re-recorded the album (with the exception of \"Sophisticated\") in 1999 as \"Virtual Live-1 [P-Model Live at Roppongi S-Ken Studio 1979]\". In 2007 \"Rolling Stone Japan\" ranked it at number 52 in its list of the 100 Greatest Japanese Rock Albums of","psg_id":"5865125"},{"title":"What It Means to Be Defeated","text":"Tour alongside Upon This Dawning and The Browning. In March and April 2015 the band is part of a concert tour with Courage My Love and Hawthorne Heights. On December 3, 2014, it was announced that the re-issue of \"What It Means to Be Defeated\" had sold only 410 copies after its re-release on November 24, 2014. What It Means to Be Defeated What It Means to Be Defeated is the debut album by American post-hardcore band Dayseeker which was released on October 29, 2013. On July 8, 2013, it was announced that Dayseeker signed a recording contract with inVogue","psg_id":"18686931"},{"title":"Next Top Model (Romania season 1)","text":"Next Top Model (Romania season 1) Next Top Model, Cycle 1 was the first cycle of Next Top Model. It premiered on February 3, 2011. The competition is hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu making him the fifth male host of the \"Next Top Model\" franchise after Fyodor Bondarchuk and Alexander Tsekalo (both Russia), Jay Manuel (Canada) and Nathan Lee (Vietnam, then rescued and replaced by Hà Anh). The panel is completed by photographer Gabriel Hennessey, make-up artist Mirela Vascan, hair stylist Laurent Tourette and model agent Liviu Ionescu. The winner, Emma, received a lucrative 4-year-long modelling contract with","psg_id":"15295065"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"also reached the final in Stanford. On 22 November 1999 she reached the world No. 1 ranking in doubles, and ended the season at this ranking. Anna Kournikova and Martina Hingis were presented with the WTA Award for Doubles Team of the Year. Kournikova opened her 2000 season winning the Gold Coast Open doubles tournament partnering with Julie Halard. She then reached the singles semifinals at the Medibank International Sydney, losing to Lindsay Davenport. At the Australian Open, she reached the fourth round in singles and the semi-finals in doubles. That season, Kournikova reached eight semifinals (Sydney, Scottsdale, Stanford, San\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10136\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"back up to third place among athletes in terms of search popularity in 2010. In October 2010, Kournikova headed to NBC's \\\"The Biggest Loser\\\" where she led the contestants in a tennis-workout challenge. In May 2011, it was announced that Kournikova would join \\\"The Biggest Loser\\\" as a regular celebrity trainer in season 12. She did not return for season 13. In November 2010, she became an American citizen. In 2011, \\\"Men's Health\\\" named her one of the \\\"100 Hottest Women of All-Time\\\", ranking her at No. 29. Anna Kournikova Anna Sergeyevna Kournikova (; born 7 June 1981) is a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10153\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Kournikova Anna Sergeyevna Kournikova (; born 7 June 1981) is a Russian former professional tennis player. Her appearance and celebrity status made her one of the best known tennis stars worldwide. At the peak of her fame, fans looking for images of Kournikova made her name one of the most common search strings on Google Search. Despite never winning a singles title, she reached No. 8 in the world in 2000. She achieved greater success playing doubles, where she was at times the world No. 1 player. With Martina Hingis as her partner, she won Grand Slam titles in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10120\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Kournikova (computer virus) Anna Kournikova (named by its author as \\\"Vbs.OnTheFly Created By OnTheFly\\\") was a computer worm written by a 20-year-old Dutch student named Jan de Wit --who called himself 'OnTheFly'-- on February 11, 2001. It was designed to trick email users into opening a mail message purportedly containing a picture of the tennis player Anna Kournikova, while actually hiding a malicious program. The worm arrives in an email with the subject line \\\"Here you have, ;0)\\\" and an attached file called AnnaKournikova.jpg.vbs. When launched under Microsoft Windows the file does not display a picture of Anna Kournikova\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13455539\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"for the 2008 Nautica Malibu Triathlon held at Zuma Beach in Malibu, California. The Race raised funds for children's Hospital Los Angeles. She won that race for women's K-Swiss team. On 27 September 2008, Kournikova played exhibition mixed doubles matches in Charlotte, North Carolina, partnering with Tim Wilkison and Karel Nováček. Kournikova and Wilkison defeated Jimmy Arias and Chanda Rubin, and then Kournikova and Novacek defeated Rubin and Wilkison. On 12 October 2008, Anna Kournikova played one exhibition match for the annual charity event, hosted by Billie Jean King and Elton John, and raised more than $400,000 for the Elton\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10145\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"doubles specialists as Pam Shriver and Peter Fleming. Kournikova was in a relationship with fellow Russian Pavel Bure, an NHL ice hockey player. The two met in 1999 when Kournikova was still linked to Bure's former Russian teammate Sergei Fedorov. Bure and Kournikova were reported to have been engaged in 2000 after a reporter took a photo of them together in a Florida restaurant where Bure supposedly asked Kournikova to marry him. As the story made headlines in Russia, where they were both heavily followed in the media as celebrities, Bure and Kournikova both denied any engagement. Kournikova, 10 years\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10148\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"with Martina Hingis. Hingis and Kournikova also won the Kremlin Cup. At the end of the 2001 season, she was ranked No. 74 in singles and No. 26 in doubles. Kournikova was quite successful in 2002. She reached the semifinals of Auckland, Tokyo, Acapulco and San Diego, and the final of the China Open, losing to Anna Smashnova. This was Kournikova's last singles final. With Martina Hingis, she lost in the final at Sydney, but they won their second Grand Slam title together, the Australian Open. They also lost in the quarterfinals of the US Open. With Chanda Rubin, Kournikova\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10139\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)\",\n \"text\": \"ZDNet Latin America in an interview. In the \\\"Friends\\\" episode \\\"The One in Barbados, Part One\\\", Ross Geller's laptop was infected by the Kournikova worm when Chandler Bing checked his email on it. The version of the worm in the episode was more malicious than the real thing, as it deleted Ross' entire hard drive, including his speech on paleontology, when it was opened. Moreover, the computer was a PowerBook G4, with which Windows-targeting malware would not be compatible. Anna Kournikova (computer virus) Anna Kournikova (named by its author as \\\"Vbs.OnTheFly Created By OnTheFly\\\") was a computer worm written by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13455545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Australia in 1999 and 2002, and the WTA Championships in 1999 and 2000. They referred to themselves as the \\\"Spice Girls of Tennis\\\". Kournikova retired at the age of 21 due to serious back and spinal problems, including a herniated disk. She lives in Miami Beach, Florida, and plays in occasional exhibitions and in doubles for the St. Louis Aces of World Team Tennis. She was a new trainer for season 12 of the television show \\\"The Biggest Loser\\\", replacing Jillian Michaels, but did not return for season 13. In addition to her tennis and television work, Kournikova serves as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10121\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)\",\n \"text\": \"but launches a viral Visual Basic Script that forwards itself to everybody in the Microsoft Outlook address book of the victim. OnTheFly created Anna Kournikova using a simple and online available Visual Basic Worm Generator program by an Argentinian programmer called [K]Alamar. While similar to the ILOVEYOU worm that struck a year earlier in 2000, the Anna Kournikova worm did not corrupt data on the infected computer. Still, it affected millions of people and caused problems in email servers around the world. Apparently, the author created the worm in a matter of hours. \\\"The young man had downloaded a program\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13455540\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"I went to a professional academy. I would go to school, and then my parents would take me to the club, and I'd spend the rest of the day there just having fun with the kids.\\\" In 1986, Kournikova became a member of the Spartak Tennis Club, coached by Larissa Preobrazhenskaya. In 1989, at the age of eight, Kournikova began appearing in junior tournaments, and by the following year, was attracting attention from tennis scouts across the world. She signed a management deal at age ten and went to Bradenton, Florida, to train at Nick Bollettieri's celebrated tennis academy. Following\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"fourth round before losing to Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. Her strong year qualified her for the year-end 1998 WTA Tour Championships, but she lost to Monica Seles in the first round. However, with Seles, she won her first WTA doubles title, in Tokyo, beating Mary Joe Fernández and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario in the final. At the end of the season, she was ranked No. 10 in doubles. At the start of the 1999 season, Kournikova advanced to the fourth round in singles before losing to Mary Pierce. However, Kournikova won her first doubles Grand Slam title, partnering Martina Hingis. The two\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10133\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova (computer virus)\",\n \"text\": \"himself in to the police in his hometown Sneek on February 14, 2001, after he posted a letter of confession on a website and a newsgroup of player Anna Kournikova (alt.binaries.anna-kournikova) dated February 13. In it, he admitted creating the virus using a toolkit and explained his motivations as to see whether the IT community had learned their lesson to better secure systems in the aftermath of previous virus infections. But besides admission and regret he also attributed external blame for the rate of spreading on the beauty of the tennis player (he had pinups of her on his website)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13455542\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"defeated Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva in the final. At the Tier I Family Circle Cup, Kournikova reached her second WTA Tour final, but lost to Martina Hingis. She then defeated Jennifer Capriati, Lindsay Davenport and Patty Schnyder on her route to the Bausch & Lomb Championships semi-finals, losing to Ruxandra Dragomir. At The French Open, Kournikova reached the fourth round before losing to eventual champion Steffi Graf. Once the grass-court season commenced in England, Kournikova lost to Nathalie Tauziat in the semi-finals in Eastbourne. At Wimbledon, Kournikova lost to Venus Williams in the fourth round. She also reached the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10134\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"John AIDS Foundation and Atlanta AIDS Partnership Fund. She played doubles with Andy Roddick (they were coached by David Chang) versus Martina Navratilova and Jesse Levine (coached by Billie Jean King); Kournikova and Roddick won. Kournikova competed alongside John McEnroe, Tracy Austin and Jim Courier at the \\\"Legendary Night\\\", which was held on 2 May 2009, at the Turning Stone Event Center in Verona, New York. The exhibition included a mixed doubles match of McEnroe and Austin against Courier and Kournikova. In 2008, she was named a spokesperson for K-Swiss. In 2005, Kournikova stated that if she were 100% fit,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10146\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"partnering with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. They lost to Sabine Appelmans and Miriam Oremans. Kournikova and Savchenko-Neiland reached their second consecutive final at the Linz Open, losing to Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat. At the Miami Open, Kournikova reached her first WTA Tour singles final, before losing to Venus Williams in the final. Kournikova then reached two consecutive quarterfinals, at Amelia Island and the Italian Open, losing respectively to Lindsay Davenport and Martina Hingis. At the German Open, she reached the semi-finals in both singles and doubles, partnering with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. At the French Open Kournikova had her best result at this\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10131\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"has said, \\\"We were young and we liked the clean, physical life, so Anna was in a good environment for sport from the beginning\\\". Kournikova received her first tennis racquet as a New Year gift in 1986 at age five. Describing her early regimen, she said, \\\"I played two times a week from age six. It was a children's program. And it was just for fun; my parents didn't know I was going to play professionally, they just wanted me to do something because I had lots of energy. It was only when I started playing well at seven that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10123\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"played the semi-finals of Wimbledon, but they lost to Serena and Venus Williams. Partnering Janet Lee, she won the Shanghai title. At the end of 2002 season, she was ranked No. 35 in singles and No. 11 in doubles. In 2003, Anna Kournikova collected her first Grand Slam match victory in two years at the Australian Open. She defeated Henrieta Nagyová in the 1st round, and then lost to Justine Henin-Hardenne in the 2nd round. She withdrew from Tokyo due to a sprained back suffered at the Australian Open and did not return to Tour until Miami. On 9 April,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10140\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"final in mixed doubles, partnering with Jonas Björkman, but they lost to Leander Paes and Lisa Raymond. Kournikova again qualified for year-end WTA Tour Championships, but lost to Mary Pierce in the first round, and ended the season as World No. 12. While Kournikova had a successful singles season, she was even more successful in doubles. After their victory at the Australian Open, she and Martina Hingis won tournaments in Indian Wells, Rome, Eastbourne and the WTA Tour Championshiops, and reached the final of The French Open where they lost to Serena and Venus Williams. Partnering with Elena Likhovtseva, Kournikova\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10135\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"was ranked No. 305 in singles and No. 176 in doubles. Kournikova's two Grand Slam doubles titles came in 1999 and 2002, both at the Australian Open in the Women's Doubles event with partner Martina Hingis. Kournikova proved a successful doubles player on the professional circuit, winning 16 tournament doubles titles, including two Australian Opens and being a finalist in mixed doubles at the US Open and at Wimbledon, and reaching the No. 1 ranking in doubles in the WTA Tour rankings. Her pro career doubles record was 200–71. However, her singles career plateaued after 1999. For the most part,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10142\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"No. 67, where she lost in the first round to world No. 12, Amanda Coetzer. At the Italian Open, Kournikova lost to Amanda Coetzer in the second round. However, she reached the semifinals in the doubles partnering with Elena Likhovtseva, before losing to the sixth seeds Mary Joe Fernández and Patricia Tarabini. At the French Open, Kournikova made it to the third round before losing to world No. 1, Martina Hingis. She also reached the third round in doubles with Likhovtseva. At the Wimbledon Championships, Kournikova became only the second woman in the open era to reach the semifinals in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10128\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"ranked No. 32 in singles and No. 41 in doubles at the end of the season. In 1998, Kournikova broke into the WTA's top 20 rankings for the first time, when she was ranked No. 16. At the Australian Open, Kournikova lost in the third round to world No. 1 player, Martina Hingis. She also partnered with Larisa Savchenko-Neiland in women's doubles, and they lost to eventual champions Hingis and Mirjana Lučić in the second round. Although she lost in the second round of the Paris Open to Anke Huber in singles, Kournikova reached her second doubles WTA Tour final,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10130\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"younger than Bure, was 18 years old at the time. Fedorov claimed he and Kournikova were married in 2001, and divorced in 2003. Kournikova's representatives deny any marriage to Fedorov; however, Fedorov's agent Pat Brisson claims that although he does not know when they got married, he knew \\\"Fedorov was married\\\". Kournikova started dating pop star Enrique Iglesias in late 2001 (she appeared in his video, \\\"Escape\\\"). She has consistently refused to directly confirm or deny the status of her personal relationships. In June 2008, Iglesias was quoted by the \\\"Daily Star\\\" as having married Kournikova the previous year and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10149\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"tournament, making it to the fourth round before losing to Jana Novotná. She also reached her first Grand Slam doubles semifinals, losing with Savchenko-Neiland to Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva. During her quarterfinals match at the grass-court Eastbourne Open versus Steffi Graf, Kournikova injured her thumb, which would eventually force her to withdraw from the 1998 Wimbledon Championships. However, she won that match, but then withdrew from her semifinals match against Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. Kournikova returned for the Du Maurier Open and made it to the third round, before losing to Conchita Martínez. At the US Open Kournikova reached the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10132\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Allan Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Kournikova gained third consecutive titles in both the European and World championships, winning the division for 8 year olds. Kournikova won the May 27–29, 2014 Age 9 European Championship by 22 strokes. He won the 2015 European World Championship 10-year-old division by 4 strokes. He won the 2015 US Kids World Championship 10-year-old age group by 9 strokes. Allan Kournikova Allan Kournikova (born 21 September 2004) is a youth golfer who is the half-brother of Anna Kournikova and son of Alla Kournikova. He has won the 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 U. S. Kids Golf European Championships and 2011,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18119907\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Allan Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Allan Kournikova Allan Kournikova (born 21 September 2004) is a youth golfer who is the half-brother of Anna Kournikova and son of Alla Kournikova. He has won the 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015 U. S. Kids Golf European Championships and 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2015 U.S. Kids Golf World Championships. He was also featured in the 2013 documentary film \\\"The Short Game\\\". In January 2010 Alla Kournikova was the subject of a third-degree felony child neglect case when she left five-year-old Allan at home without supervision while she ran errands. He jumped from a second floor balcony and was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18119904\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"in what would be the final WTA match of her career, Kournikova retired in the 1st round of the Family Circle Cup in Charleston, due to a left adductor strain. Her singles world ranking was 67. She reached the semifinals at the ITF tournament in Sea Island, before withdrawing from a match versus Maria Sharapova due to the adductor injury. She lost in the 1st round of the ITF tournament in Charlottesville. She did not compete for the rest of the season due to a continuing back injury. At the end of the 2003 season and her professional career, she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10141\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"she would like to come back and compete again. In June 2010, Kournikova reunited with her doubles partner Martina Hingis to participate in competitive tennis for the first time in seven years in the Invitational Ladies Doubles event at Wimbledon. On 29 June 2010 they defeated the British pair Samantha Smith and Anne Hobbs. Kournikova plays right-handed with a two-handed backhand. She is a great player at the net. She can hit forceful groundstrokes and also drop shots. Her playing style fits the profile for a doubles player, and is complemented by her height. She has been compared to such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10147\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"she managed to retain her ranking between 10 and 15 (her career high singles ranking was No.8), but her expected finals breakthrough failed to occur; she only reached four finals out of 130 singles tournaments, never in a Grand Slam event, and never won one. Her singles record is 209–129. Her final playing years were marred by a string of injuries, especially back injuries, which caused her ranking to erode gradually. As a personality Kournikova was among the most common search strings for both articles and images in her prime. Kournikova has not played on the WTA Tour since 2003,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10143\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"in the World\\\" in US and UK editions. By contrast, ESPN – citing the degree of hype as compared to actual accomplishments as a singles player – ranked Kournikova 18th in its \\\"25 Biggest Sports Flops of the Past 25 Years\\\". Kournikova was also ranked No. 1 in the ESPN Classic series \\\"Who's number 1?\\\" when the series featured sport's most overrated athletes. She continued to be the most searched athlete on the Internet through 2008 even though she had retired from the professional tennis circuit years earlier. After slipping from first to sixth among athletes in 2009, she moved\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10152\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"would produce terrific results. At 15, she made her Grand Slam debut, when she reached the fourth round of the 1996 US Open, only to be stopped by then-top ranked player Steffi Graf, the eventual champion. After this tournament, Kournikova's ranking jumped from No. 144 to debut in the Top 100 at No. 69. Kournikova was a member of the Russian delegation to the 1996 Olympic Games in Atlanta, Georgia. In 1996, she was named WTA Newcomer of the Year, and she was ranked No. 57 in the end of the season. Kournikova entered the 1997 Australian Open as world\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10127\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"the main draw to third-seeded Sabine Appelmans. There at the 1995 Moscow Ladies Open Kournikova already reached her first WTA Tour doubles final. Partnering with 1995 Wimbledon girls' champion in both singles and doubles Aleksandra Olsza, she lost the title match to Meredith McGrath and Larisa Savchenko-Neiland. In February–March 1996, Kournikova won two ITF titles, in Midland, Michigan and Rockford, Illinois. Still 14, in April 1996 she debuted at the Fed Cup for Russia, the youngest player ever to participate and win a match. In 1996, she started playing under a new coach, Ed Nagel. Her six-year tenure with Ed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10126\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"but still plays exhibition matches for charitable causes. In late 2004, she participated in three events organized by Elton John and by fellow tennis players Serena Williams and Andy Roddick. In January 2005, she played in a doubles charity event for the Indian Ocean tsunami with John McEnroe, Andy Roddick, and Chris Evert. In November 2005, she teamed up with Martina Hingis, playing against Lisa Raymond and Samantha Stosur in the WTT finals for charity. Kournikova is also a member of the St. Louis Aces in the World Team Tennis (WTT), playing doubles only. In September 2008, Kournikova showed up\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10144\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"first set 4–6. 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles The 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles was the doubles event of the twenty-fifth edition of the Eastbourne International, a WTA Tier II tennis tournament held in Eastbourne, England and part of the European grass court season. Mariaan de Swardt and Jana Novotná were the defending doubles champions but each competed with different partners in 1999. De Swardt partnered Elena Tatarkova and reached the semifinals where they lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova. Novotná teamed with Natalia Zvereva and they retired in the final to Hingis and Kournikova\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14436451\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles The 1999 Direct Line International Championships – Doubles was the doubles event of the twenty-fifth edition of the Eastbourne International, a WTA Tier II tennis tournament held in Eastbourne, England and part of the European grass court season. Mariaan de Swardt and Jana Novotná were the defending doubles champions but each competed with different partners in 1999. De Swardt partnered Elena Tatarkova and reached the semifinals where they lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova. Novotná teamed with Natalia Zvereva and they retired in the final to Hingis and Kournikova after losing the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14436450\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Filderstadt, Zürich, Philadelphia and the Tour Championships (with Martina Hingis). Her 2001 season was dominated by injury, including a left foot stress fracture which forced her withdrawal from twelve tournaments, including the French Open and Wimbledon. She underwent surgery in April. She reached her second career grand slam quarterfinals, at the Australian Open. Kournikova then withdrew from several events due to continuing problems with her left foot and did not return until Leipzig. With Barbara Schett, she won the doubles title in Sydney. She then lost in the finals in Tokyo, partnering with Iroda Tulyaganova, and at San Diego, partnering\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10138\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"her Wimbledon debut, the first being Chris Evert in 1972. There she lost to eventual champion Martina Hingis. At the US Open, she lost in the second round to the eleventh seed Irina Spîrlea. Partnering with Likhovtseva, she reached the third round of the women's doubles event. Kournikova played her last WTA Tour event of 1997 at Porsche Tennis Grand Prix in Filderstadt, losing to Amanda Coetzer in the second round of singles, and in the first round of doubles to Lindsay Davenport and Jana Novotná partnering with Likhovtseva. She broke into the top 50 on 19 May, and was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10129\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Diego, Luxembourg, Leipzig and Tour Championships), seven quarterfinals (Gold Coast, Tokyo, Amelia Island, Hamburg, Eastbourne, Zürich and Philadelphia) and one final. On 20 November 2000 she broke into top 10 for the first time, reaching No. 8. She was also ranked No. 4 in doubles at the end of the season. Kournikova was once again, more successful in doubles. She reached the final of the US Open in mixed doubles, partnering with Max Mirnyi, but they lost to Jared Palmer and Arantxa Sánchez Vicario. She also won six doubles titles – Gold Coast (with Julie Halard), Hamburg (with Natasha Zvereva),\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10137\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"her arrival in the United States, she became prominent on the tennis scene. At 14, she won the European Championships and the Italian Open Junior tournament. In December 1995, she became the youngest player to win the 18-and-under division of the Junior Orange Bowl tennis tournament. By the end of the year, Kournikova was crowned the ITF Junior World Champion U-18 and Junior European Champion U-18. Earlier, in September 1995, she received a wildcard into the WTA tournament in Moscow, the Moscow Ladies Open, qualifications and played her way through the qualifying rounds before losing in the second round of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"should bounce\\\" billboard campaign. Following that, she was cast by the Farrelly brothers for a minor role in the 2000 film \\\"Me, Myself & Irene\\\" starring Jim Carrey and Renée Zellweger. Photographs of her have appeared on covers of various publications, including men's magazines, such as one in the much-publicized 2004 \\\"Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue\\\", where she posed in bikinis and swimsuits, as well as in \\\"FHM\\\" and \\\"Maxim\\\". Kournikova was named one of \\\"People's\\\" 50 Most Beautiful People in 1998 and was voted \\\"hottest female athlete\\\" on ESPN.com. In 2002 she also placed first in \\\"FHM's 100 Sexiest Women\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10151\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"second round. 1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Italian Open – Doubles was the doubles event of the fifty-fifth edition of the tennis tournament played at Rome, Italy, the most prestigious tennis tournament in Southern Europe. It was the fifth WTA Tier I tournament of the year, and part of the European claycourt season. Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova in the quarterfinals. Hingis and Kournikova won this tournament by defeating Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat in the final. The top four seeds received a bye\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15994202\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"1999 Italian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Italian Open – Doubles was the doubles event of the fifty-fifth edition of the tennis tournament played at Rome, Italy, the most prestigious tennis tournament in Southern Europe. It was the fifth WTA Tier I tournament of the year, and part of the European claycourt season. Virginia Ruano Pascual and Paola Suárez were the defending champions, but lost to Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova in the quarterfinals. Hingis and Kournikova won this tournament by defeating Alexandra Fusai and Nathalie Tauziat in the final. The top four seeds received a bye into the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15994201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles The 1999 Australian Open – Women's Doubles was the women's dobules event of the eighty-seventh edition of the Australian Open, the first Grand Slam of the year and the most prestigious tournament in the Asia-Pacific and the Southern Hemisphere. Martina Hingis and Mirjana Lučić were the defending champions, but Hingis competed with Russian Anna Kournikova, and Lučić competed with Frenchwoman Mary Pierce. Lučić and Pierce were defeated in the first round by Christina Singer and Helena Vildová.<br> Hingis and Kournikova, however, ended up winning the title, defeating first seeds Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15714960\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Smashnova\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Kournikova in the finals of the Shanghai Open. According to \\\"The New York Times\\\", Smashnova \\\"was precise and controlled throughout the match, hitting perfect winners in stride... Kournikova didn't score a point until the third game of the first set when Smashnova hit a shot wide. 'She was like a wall today, hitting everything back', Kournikova said.\\\" In October, she beat world No. 13 Chanda Rubin in Zurich. She played in the 2002 WTA Tour Championships, and lost in the first round to world No. 1 Serena Williams. On December 7, 2002, Anna married Claudio Pistolesi, her former coach\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5387510\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles Martina Hingis and Jana Novotná were the defending champions, but they did not compete together this year. Novotná instead partnered with Natasha Zvereva as the first seed, whereas Hingis partnered with Anna Kournikova as the second seed. Novotná and Zvereva retired in their quarterfinal match against Lindsay Davenport and Mary Pierce, but Hingis and Kournikova reached the final where they lost to American sisters Serena and Venus Williams, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6. This was the first Grand Slam for the Williams sisters and would be their first step towards completing a Career Golden Slam in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15742846\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 French Open – Women's Doubles\",\n \"text\": \"doubles. 1999 French Open – Women's Doubles Martina Hingis and Jana Novotná were the defending champions, but they did not compete together this year. Novotná instead partnered with Natasha Zvereva as the first seed, whereas Hingis partnered with Anna Kournikova as the second seed. Novotná and Zvereva retired in their quarterfinal match against Lindsay Davenport and Mary Pierce, but Hingis and Kournikova reached the final where they lost to American sisters Serena and Venus Williams, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6. This was the first Grand Slam for the Williams sisters and would be their first step towards completing a Career Golden Slam\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15742847\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis, known in Japan as , is a tennis video game developed by Namco for the PlayStation. It is the second title in Namco's \\\"Smash Court\\\" series of games. The game was released in Japan in November 1998 and was later released in Europe in 1999, featuring the likeness of professional tennis player Anna Kournikova. It was re-released in 2014 on PlayStation Network. \\\"Anna Kournikova's Smash Court Tennis\\\" is a simple tennis game which can be played with up to four players. The game features various modes such as a training\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17430363\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Pavel Bure\",\n \"text\": \"Bure derived no immigration benefit from the marriage, which was dissolved the following year. Bohn became a costume designer in the film and television industry. After being linked to girlfriend Dahn Bryan, a model and actress, early in his NHL career, Bure shared a relationship with tennis star and fellow Russian Anna Kournikova. The two met in 1999 when she was still linked to Bure's former Russian teammate Sergei Fedorov. Bure and Kournikova were reported to have been engaged in 2000 after reporter Andrew Greven took a photo of them together in a Florida restaurant where Bure supposedly asked Kournikova\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2997926\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Family Circle Cup\",\n \"text\": \"1999 Family Circle Cup The 1999 Family Circle Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Sea Pines Plantation on Hilton Head Island, South Carolina in the United States that was part of Tier I of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the 27th edition of the tournament and was held from March 29 through April 4, 1999. Martina Hingis won the singles title. Martina Hingis defeated Anna Kournikova, 6–4, 6–3 Elena Likhovtseva / Jana Novotná defeated Barbara Schett / Patty Schnyder, 6–1, 6–4 The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14396348\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 French Open\",\n \"text\": \"1999 French Open The 1999 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 24 May until 6 June. It was the 103rd staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1999. Andre Agassi defeated Andrei Medvedev, 1–6, 2–6, 6–4, 6–3, 6–4 Steffi Graf defeated Martina Hingis, 4–6, 7–5, 6–2 Mahesh Bhupathi / Leander Paes defeated Goran Ivanišević / Jeff Tarango, 6–2, 7–5 Serena Williams / Venus Williams defeated Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova, 6–3, 6–7, 8–6\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5221097\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Direct Line International Championships\",\n \"text\": \"defeated Nathalie Tauziat, 0–6, 7–5, 6–3 Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Jana Novotná / Natasha Zvereva, 6–4 retired 1999 Direct Line International Championships The 1999 Direct Line International Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Eastbourne Tennis Centre in Eastbourne in the United Kingdom that was part of Tier II of the 1999 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 14 June until 19 June 1999. Natasha Zvereva won the singles title. The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The following players\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14435553\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Bank of the West Classic\",\n \"text\": \"received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: Lindsay Davenport defeated Venus Williams, 7–6, 6–2 Lindsay Davenport / Corina Morariu defeated Anna Kournikova / Elena Likhovtseva, 6–4, 6–4 1999 Bank of the West Classic The 1999 Bank of the West Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts in Stanford, California in the United States. It was part of Tier II of the 1999 WTA Tour. It was the 28th edition of the tournament and was held from July 26 through August 1, 1999. The singles title was won by Lindsay Davenport. The following players received wildcards into\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17190210\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Wimbledon Championships\",\n \"text\": \"6–4, 7–6 Lindsay Davenport / Corina Morariu defeated Mariaan de Swardt / Elena Tatarkova, 6–4, 6–4 Lisa Raymond / Leander Paes defeated Jonas Björkman / Anna Kournikova, 6–4, 3–6, 6–3 Jürgen Melzer defeated Kristian Pless, 7–6, 6–3 Iroda Tulyaganova defeated Lina Krasnoroutskaya, 7–6, 6–4 Guillermo Coria / David Nalbandian defeated Todor Enev / Jarkko Nieminen, 7–5, 6–4 Dája Bedáňová / María Emilia Salerni defeated Tatiana Perebiynis / Iroda Tulyaganova, 6–1, 2–6, 6–2 1999 Wimbledon Championships The 1999 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5228809\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 WTA Tour Championships\",\n \"text\": \"had used since 1984 and reverted to a best-of-three-set final. Lindsay Davenport defeated Martina Hingis, 6–4, 6–2. Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Arantxa Sánchez Vicario / Larisa Neiland, 6–4, 6–4. Players with a gold background have enough points to qualify, while players with a blue background did not but could play as alternates. A brown background means a player qualified but was unable to play due to injury or retirement. 1999 WTA Tour Championships The 1999 WTA Tour Championships, also known by its sponsored name The Chase Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10988006\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles\",\n \"text\": \"the draw by the highest-ranked non-seeded player Anna Kournikova, who became the #17 seed. 1999 Wimbledon Championships – Women's Singles Jana Novotná was the defending champion but lost in the quarterfinals to Lindsay Davenport. Davenport defeated Steffi Graf in the final, 6–4, 7–5 to win the Ladies' Singles tennis title at the 1999 Wimbledon Championships. This was to be the final Grand Slam tournament in which Graf would appear. This tournament saw a number of surprises, including a first round defeat of World No. 1 and first seed Martina Hingis at the hands of Australian qualifier and World No. 129\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7090776\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Smashnova\",\n \"text\": \"the 1996 Australian Open she defeated world No. 15 Natasha Zvereva in three sets. She won her first top-level WTA tour singles title in 1999 at Tashkent. She won her second career title in 2000, winning the Sanex Trophy in Belgium. Smashnova defeated Anna Kournikova in straight sets in her semifinal match, and went on to win the final against top-seed Dominique Van Roost. She had a breakthrough in 2002, winning four titles and beating 11 players ranked in the top 20, including Jelena Dokić, Justine Henin, and Kim Clijsters. In January 2002, Smashnova defeated Tatiana Panova in the ASB\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5387508\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dean Anna\",\n \"text\": \"for the Cardinals in an April game against the Washington Nationals. On September 4 he was designated for assignment by the Cardinals. Anna signed a minor league deal with the Kansas City Royals on January 21, 2017. He elected free agency on November 6, 2017. On January 24, 2018, Anna signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox. On March 28, 2018, Anna was traded to the Philadelphia Phillies organization and assigned to the Class AAA Lehigh Valley IronPigs. On December 11, 2018, Anna signed a minor league contract with the Minnesota Twins. Dean Anna Dean William Anna\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17683692\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 US Open (tennis)\",\n \"text\": \"Mahesh Bhupathi defeated Kimberly Po / Donald Johnson, 6–4, 6–4 Jarkko Nieminen defeated Kristian Pless 6–7, 6–3, 6–4 Lina Krasnoroutskaya defeated Nadia Petrova 6–3, 6–2 Julien Benneteau / Nicolas Mahut defeated Tres Davis / Alberto Francis 6–4, 3–6, 6–1 Dája Bedáňová / Iroda Tulyaganova defeated Galina Fokina / Lina Krasnoroutskaya 6–3, 6–4 Withdrawals: Steffi Graf, Anna Kournikova 1999 US Open (tennis) The 1999 US Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the USTA National Tennis Center in New York City in New York in the United States. It was the 119th edition of the US Open\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5255016\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Italian Open (tennis)\",\n \"text\": \"following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw: The following player received entry as a lucky loser: The following players received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: The following players received entry as lucky losers: Gustavo Kuerten def. Patrick Rafter, 6–4, 7–5, 7–6. Venus Williams def. Mary Pierce, 6–4, 6–2. Ellis Ferreira / Rick Leach def. David Adams / John-Laffnie de Jager, 6–7, 6–1, 6–2. Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova def. Alexandra Fusai / Nathalie Tauziat, 6–2, 6–2. 1999 Italian Open (tennis) The 1999 Italian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 56th\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12648571\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Australian Open\",\n \"text\": \"is also Hingis' fifth consecutive Grand Slam doubles final and Kournikova's first. Hingis and Kournikova triumphed in straight sets, 7–5, 6–3, to make Hingis' fifth doubles Grand Slam win and the fifth doubles Grand Slam defeat of Davenport and Zvereva. Championship match result The seeds for the mixed doubles title were led by 1991 French Open finalists Caroline Vis and Paul Haarhuis. Anna Kournikova and Mark Knowles came second, while Rennae Stubbs and Jim Grabb and Mirjana Lučić and Mahesh Bhupathi followed. In a massive surprise, all of the top three seeds fell in the first round, with No. 6\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5229503\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Australian Open\",\n \"text\": \"and Björkman later won the title, defeating the Indian first seeds Mahesh Bhupathi and Leander Paes in five sets. Hingis and Lučić also separated, with Hingis teaming up with Anna Kournikova and Lučić teaming up with Mary Pierce. Lučić and Pierce fell in the first round, but Hingis and Kournikova went on to win, by defeating first seeds Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva at the final. The mixed doubles competition saw Williams and Gimelstob not competing, and none of the seeds reaching past the second round. In the end, the South African team of Mariaan de Swardt and David Adams\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5229482\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup\",\n \"text\": \"3–6, 7–5 Wayne Black / Sandon Stolle defeated Ellis Ferreira / Rick Leach, 7–6, 6–3 Martina Hingis / Anna Kournikova defeated Mary Joe Fernández / Jana Novotná, 6–2, 6–2 The following players received wildcards into the singles main draw: The following players received wildcards into the doubles main draw: The following players received entry from the singles qualifying draw: The following players received entry from the doubles qualifying draw: 1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup The 1999 Newsweek Champions Cup and the Evert Cup were tennis tournaments played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 24th edition of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12677018\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"a Global Ambassador for Population Services International's \\\"Five & Alive\\\" program, which addresses health crises facing children under the age of five and their families. Anna Kournikovas father, Sergei Kournikov (born 1961), a former Greco-Roman wrestling champion, eventually earned a PhD and was a professor at the University of Physical Culture and Sport in Moscow. As of 2001, he was still a part-time martial arts instructor there. Her mother Alla (born 1963) had been a 400-metre runner. Her younger brother, Allan, is a youth golf world champion who was featured in the 2013 documentary film \\\"The Short Game\\\". Sergei Kournikov\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10122\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Custody battle for Anna Mae He\",\n \"text\": \"for Anna Mae to obtain health insurance and the interpreter testified that she signed the order believing custody to be temporary. The Hes continued to visit Anna Mae regularly for about an hour a week. Louise Baker began to keep a diary in which she documented the Hes' visits to Anna Mae, writing down when the visits were, how long they lasted, how the Hes interacted with Anna Mae, and what gifts they gave her. In October 1999, friction began when the Hes wanted to take Anna Mae out of the Bakers' home and the Bakers refused. Louise Baker wrote\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10674369\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Model Scouts\",\n \"text\": \"She won a one-year contract with IMG, and became the face of \\\"A Wear\\\" in Ireland and the United Kingdom. She also appeared on the cover of \\\"Life\\\", the magazine section of the \\\"Sunday Independent\\\". The Model Scouts The Model Scouts, formerly The Model Agent during its first season in 2009, was an Irish reality documentary on RTÉ Two that followed twelve girls competing for a lucrative modelling contract with IMG. In 2009 the series followed model scout Fiona Ellis on her search for an Irish supermodel. On her way through Ireland, Ellis spotted eight girls in the entire country\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13364047\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Model Scouts\",\n \"text\": \"The Model Scouts The Model Scouts, formerly The Model Agent during its first season in 2009, was an Irish reality documentary on RTÉ Two that followed twelve girls competing for a lucrative modelling contract with IMG. In 2009 the series followed model scout Fiona Ellis on her search for an Irish supermodel. On her way through Ireland, Ellis spotted eight girls in the entire country and chose the last four of the twelve finalists through applications that she received. Each episode saw the elimination of one or more girls. The winner, Carrie-Anne Burton, won a contract with the Independent Models\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13364045\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Andres\",\n \"text\": \"offers of cooperation from model agencies in Kyiv, Milan, London and Shanghai. While studying at the University, Anna signs a contract with such model agencies as L Models (Kyiv) and Bookings (London), and periodically works as a model. In April 2014 Andres appears on the cover of L’officiel Ukraine. On June 6, 2014, Anna became a winner of the leading beauty contest in Ukraine “Miss Ukraine Universe”. Then she began to participate in Ukrainian charitable projects, collaborate with the charitable funds that provide assistance to the elderly and children-settlers from the ATO zone in the Donbas. In September 2014 Andres\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18087124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Signed by Katie Price\",\n \"text\": \"Signed by Katie Price Signed by Katie Price (formerly \\\"Discovered by Katie Price\\\") is a British reality television show aired on Sky Living, in which 13 hopefuls compete for a management contract with management company Blacksheep Management owned by glamour model Katie Price. The winner received a management contract, a mentorship with Price, yearly calendars, red carpet events, overseas jobs, magazine deals, Range Rover for a year, a spread within a fashion magazine which also includes appearing on the front cover and a holiday in Maldives. Other benefits include a car, holiday, money, or an apartment among other things. It\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17496161\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Prelević\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Prelević Anna Prelević (, , born April 28, 1990 in Belgrade, FR Yugoslavia) is Miss Greece 2010 and the daughter of the legendary basketball player of PAOK BC Branislav Prelević. Anna was born on April 28, 1990 in Belgrade. She is the daughter of former basketball player Branislav Prelević and Nevena Prelević-Marjanović, daughter of legendary Serbian singer Đorđe Marjanović. She was born in Belgrade but grew up in Thessaloniki. In 1996, when her father signed with Virtus Bologna, they moved to Bologna, Italy. But after one season, her father signed a contract with AEK BC and so they moved\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15872982\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sanja Papić\",\n \"text\": \"Sanja Papić Sanja Papić (Serbian Cyrillic: Сања Папић, born 25 June 1984 in Novi Sad, Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia) is a Serbian model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented Serbia and Montenegro at Miss Universe 2003 where she placed 3rd Runner-Up and Miss Europe 2003 where she placed 2nd Runner-Up. In September 2003, Papić finished as a runner-up at the Miss Europe contest in Paris. In November, she left for New York in the company of Roberto Cavalli as his muse. She had been Omega Watches Ambassador (alongside Michael Schumacher, Anna Kournikova and Cindy Crawford), following a contract between Omega and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10839998\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spice Girls\",\n \"text\": \"Association (WTA) doubles team of Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova, two-time Grand Slam and two-time WTA Finals Doubles champions, dubbed themselves the \\\"Spice Girls of tennis\\\" in 1999. Hingis and Kournikova, along with fellow WTA players Venus and Serena Williams, were also labelled the \\\"Spice Girls of tennis\\\", then later the “Spite Girls”, by the media in the late 1990s due to their youthfulness, popularity, and brashness. Wax sculptures of the Spice Girls are currently on display at the famed Madame Tussauds New York wax museum. The sculptures of the Spice Girls (sans Halliwell) were first unveiled in December 1999,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"387112\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Watson (cheerleader)\",\n \"text\": \"reportedly offered a $75,000 contract from Elite Model Management to serve as a fitness model, but declined because the agency would require her to take legal steroids to enhance her muscle size. She shared with Robin Roberts on Good Morning America and reporters from Inside Edition that taking steroids would go against her religious and personal beliefs, even though she was later accused by certain tabloids and talk show hosts of taking steroids to enhance her performance. Anna Watson (cheerleader) Anna Watson is a fitness model and former cheerleader at the University of Georgia. She has been referred to as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16531562\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Slovenski Top Model\",\n \"text\": \"Slovenski Top Model Slovenski Top Model () is a Slovenian reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Slovenia against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win title of the next \\\"Slovene Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modelling contract with Alen Kobilica Models agency, a spread in the Slovenian issue of \\\"Elle\\\", car Seat Ibiza, the winner will also become face of Maybeline New York for Slovenia, she will receive mobile package Orto Muziq for 2 years and hopes of a successful future in the modeling business. The competition\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14617442\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What a Piece of Work\",\n \"text\": \"What a Piece of Work What a Piece of Work is a 1999 verse novel by Australian poet Dorothy Porter which was shortlisted for the 2000 Miles Franklin Award. In an address to the Tasmanian Writers' and Readers' festival in August 1999, Porter stated: \\\"This is a verse novel in the voice of a male psychiatrist, Doctor Peter Cyren, working in Sydney's Callan Park Mental Hospital in the late 60s, who goes from pretty bad to heinous worse. My model here was Shakespeare with his black-hearted but full blooded creations such as Macbeth and Iago. The challenge is to make\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18869324\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What a Piece of Work\",\n \"text\": \"bad men good company. And Shakespeare takes that hurdle with magnificent ease.\\\" What a Piece of Work What a Piece of Work is a 1999 verse novel by Australian poet Dorothy Porter which was shortlisted for the 2000 Miles Franklin Award. In an address to the Tasmanian Writers' and Readers' festival in August 1999, Porter stated: \\\"This is a verse novel in the voice of a male psychiatrist, Doctor Peter Cyren, working in Sydney's Callan Park Mental Hospital in the late 60s, who goes from pretty bad to heinous worse. My model here was Shakespeare with his black-hearted but full\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18869325\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir Anna Úrsúla Guðmundsdóttir (born 1 May 1985 in Reykjavík) is an Icelandic handballer who plays for Valur as a line player. In July 2011, Anna moved to Hungarian club Érdi VSE, but was later released from her contract by mutual agreement without playing a game. Anna won the Icelandic championship with Grótta in 2015 and 2016. She served as a player/assistant coach for Grótta during the 2016-2017 season. After sitting for the first half of the 2017-2018 season due to the birth of her second child, Anna signed with Valur in January 2018. Anna played two games\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15754409\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model po-russki\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model po-russki Top Model po-russki (Топ-модель по-русски; ) is a Russian reality television show and the second Russian adaptation of Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\", after \\\"You are a Supermodel\\\", which aired from 2004 to 2007. The show sees a number of aspiring models compete against each other in a variety of challenges to win the title of the next \\\"Top Model\\\" of Russia, along with a lucrative modelling contract and other prizes in the hope of a successful career in the modeling industry. On November 30, 2012, it was announced that \\\"Top model po-russki\\\" had been cancelled\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15460333\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3)\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 3 (Polish for \\\"Top Model. Become a Model\\\") is the third Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \\\"Polish Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \\\"Glamour\\\" and a nationwide \\\"Max Factor\\\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16500367\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 2)\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 2) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 2 (Polish for \\\"Top Model. Become a Model\\\") is the second Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \\\"Polish Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \\\"Glamour\\\" and a nationwide \\\"Max Factor\\\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15952417\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 1)\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 1) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 1 (Polish for \\\"Top Model. Become a Model\\\") was the first cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that places contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \\\"Polish Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \\\"Glamour\\\" and a nationwide \\\"Max Factor\\\" campaign in hopes of a successful future in the modeling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15064297\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3)\",\n \"text\": \"the third winner of the competition. Top Model. Zostań modelką (season 3) Top Model. Zostań modelką, Cycle 3 (Polish for \\\"Top Model. Become a Model\\\") is the third Cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \\\"Polish Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \\\"Glamour\\\" and a nationwide \\\"Max Factor\\\" campaign in hopes of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16500400\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model (Poland season 4)\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model (Poland season 4) Top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth cycle of an ongoing reality documentary based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Poland against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win the title of the next \\\"Polish Top Model\\\". Among the prizes are a lucrative modeling contract with NEXT Model Management as well as an appearance on the cover of the Polish issue of \\\"Glamour\\\" and 100,000 złotys (US$30,000). The campaign with Max Factor featured in previous cycles has been dropped. The competition was hosted by Polish-born\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18252771\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Jagodzińska\",\n \"text\": \"in punitive damages. As of 2012, no resolution had been made public. Anna Jagodzińska Anna Maria Jagodzińska (born September 12, 1987) is a Polish model. She has appeared on the covers of American, Italian, Australian, Chinese, Portuguese, and German \\\"Vogue\\\", \\\"L'Officiel\\\", \\\"Revue de Modes\\\", and Japanese \\\"Numéro\\\". As of December 2011, she was ranked #9 among models at the website models.com. Jagodzińska was born September 12, 1987 in Sierpc, Poland. She signed with NEXT Model Management in 2003, and made her runway debut at Pringle of Scotland's Fall 2003 show. Later that year, she moved to New York City. During\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13114558\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Jagodzińska\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Jagodzińska Anna Maria Jagodzińska (born September 12, 1987) is a Polish model. She has appeared on the covers of American, Italian, Australian, Chinese, Portuguese, and German \\\"Vogue\\\", \\\"L'Officiel\\\", \\\"Revue de Modes\\\", and Japanese \\\"Numéro\\\". As of December 2011, she was ranked #9 among models at the website models.com. Jagodzińska was born September 12, 1987 in Sierpc, Poland. She signed with NEXT Model Management in 2003, and made her runway debut at Pringle of Scotland's Fall 2003 show. Later that year, she moved to New York City. During Spring 2004 fashion weeks (September 2003), she modeled for DKNY and Marc\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13114553\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Allan Kournikova\",\n \"text\": \"Public School and completing the rest of his classes at Palm Beach Virtual School to allow more afternoon time for training. Kournikova won his first U. S. Kids World championship in August 2011 by capturing the 6-and-under division. That month, Universal Studios followed him and Alexa Pano for six days to shoot footage for a prospective documentary film. By 2012, his repeat world championships were mentioned in \\\"The Wall Street Journal\\\". This defense of his title at the 2012 U. S. Kids Golf World Championship was chronicled in the 2013 documentary film \\\"The Short Game\\\". In June and August 2013,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18119906\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Recording contract\",\n \"text\": \"the decision to remain with the label that made her famous, or sign a deal with a company that was willing to pay her what she felt she was worth, she ultimately signed with RCA. That $20 million deal was the biggest recording contract at the time. She had signed with RCA for North America only, she signed a separate longterm contract with Capitol/EMI for international territories. That contractual amount was never officially released. However, it is believed to be as much as $20 more million and she has remained currently signed with them for over 30 years and has\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5794233\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Slovenski Top Model (season 1)\",\n \"text\": \"Slovenski Top Model (season 1) Slovenski Top Model, Season 1 was the first season of a reality documentary based on Tyra Banks \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\" that pits contestants from Slovenia against each other in a variety of competitions to determine who will win title of the next \\\"Slovene Top Model\\\" and a lucrative modelling contract with Alen Kobilica Models agency, a spread in the Slovenian issue of \\\"Elle\\\", car Seat Ibiza, the winner will also become face of Maybeline New York for Slovenia, she will receive mobile package Orto Muziq for 2 years and hopes of a successful future\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15120111\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Top Model po-ukrainsky\",\n \"text\": \"Top Model po-ukrainsky Top Model po-ukrainsky formerly known as Supermodel po-ukrainsky (\\\"Супермодель по-українськи\\\"; ) is a Ukrainian reality television series which takes its format from the Spanish reality show \\\"Supermodelo\\\". The show places a group of young contestants from Ukraine against each other in a variety of challenges to determine who will win title of the new 'Ukrainian supermodel' along with a lucrative modelling contract, and other prizes in the hope of a successful future in the modeling industry. Beginning with season 4, the franchise adopted the \\\"Top Model\\\" format. The competition is hosted by supermodel Alla Kostromichova. The panel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18233280\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Emma B (model)\",\n \"text\": \"modelling contest co-sponsored by his agency, Martin Enterprises—Studio 17. Before the event had started, Martin Robinson saw her walking through the foyer and stated, \\\"One day she will be a supermodel\\\". Having contacted Elite Model Management, one of the world's best-known agencies, she subsequently won their \\\"Look of the Year\\\" in July 1995 at the age of 16. The win was followed by a lucrative modeling contract with Elite, resulting in the young model, now known as Emma B, embarking on a high-profile path in the industry. As a fashion model, Emma B was in high demand and travelled the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9220922\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Walentynowicz\",\n \"text\": \"for yourself and care for others, just look what you can become, \\\"Pani Ania\\\", a worthier role model than most, because an honest one. Our caring and protective mother!\\\" Exhumation in 2012 revealed that a different person – Teresa Walewska-Przyjałkowska – was buried in Anna Walentynowicz's grave. Upon the discovery, the bodies were reburied in the correct graves. In 2015 trial began over attempted poisoning of Anna Walentynowicz in 1981. In December 2015 the main room (\\\"The Column Room\\\") in the Chancellery of the Prime Minister of Poland was named after Anna Walentynowicz. Anna Walentynowicz Anna Walentynowicz (; 15 August\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7693451\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series)\",\n \"text\": \"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series) Next Top Model is a Romanian reality television show based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\". It pits aspiring models against each other in a variety of tests in order to determine who will win title of Romania's \\\"Next Top Model\\\" along with a lucrative 4 year-long modelling contract with MRA Models worth 50,000 Euros. The first three season of the competition were hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu, making him the fifth male host of the \\\"Top Model\\\" franchise after Fyodor Bondarchuk, Alexander Tsekalo (both Russia), Jay Manuel (Canada) and Nathan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15226306\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Geislerová\",\n \"text\": \"Anna Geislerová Anna Geislerová, also known as Aňa Geislerová (born 17 April 1976), is a Czech actress. She became well known for her double role of Eliška/Hana in movie \\\"Želary\\\" (2003) and as Anna in \\\"Návrat idiota\\\" (1999). A former model, Geislerová made her feature film debut at age 12. Born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, Geislerová's rise to national fame began at the early age of 14 when she debuted in Filip Renč's \\\"Requiem pro panenku\\\" in 1991. Since then, the country has followed her career closely, watching her metamorphose into the Czech Republic's most recognised celebrity on the small and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11365629\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Emma B (model)\",\n \"text\": \"world, appearing in catwalk shows and ad campaigns for top designers, including Chanel, Prada, Valentino, Guess?, Dior, Jean Paul Gaultier, Westwood, Hamnett and Bella Freud. Her image has been on the covers of \\\"Vogue\\\", \\\"Elle\\\", \\\"Harper's Bazaar\\\", \\\"Marie Claire\\\" and numerous others, while a lucrative lingerie contract with Debenhams featured her as their \\\"lingerie face\\\" for two years. This led to intense media interest and she soon became a favourite celebrity face and glamour model in the British tabloids and gossip pages. As a result of her celebrity status, she became a \\\"name\\\" model, appearing regularly in such publications as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9220923\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anna Geislerová\",\n \"text\": \"her husband Zdeněk Janáček have a daughter Stella, and a son Bruno. Geislerová is part of the Shooting Stars jury 2010, which selected 10 European up-and-coming actors from the group of nominees for receiving the Shooting Star Award 2010 in February at the Berlin International Film Festival. Anna Geislerová Anna Geislerová, also known as Aňa Geislerová (born 17 April 1976), is a Czech actress. She became well known for her double role of Eliška/Hana in movie \\\"Želary\\\" (2003) and as Anna in \\\"Návrat idiota\\\" (1999). A former model, Geislerová made her feature film debut at age 12. Born in Prague,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11365631\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1999 Australian Open\",\n \"text\": \"However, Björkman and Rafter took out the fifth set 6–4 to claim Björkman's second and Rafter's only Grand Slam doubles title. Championship match result With none of the teams present having won a Grand Slam doubles title together, the competition was wide open. Lindsay Davenport and Natasha Zvereva were the first seeds, having lost in the finals of all the Grand Slams last year. Lisa Raymond and Rennae Stubbs followed them as the second seed, while last year's doubles star and defending champion Martina Hingis and her new doubles partner Anna Kournikova were the third seed. Veterans Larisa Neiland and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5229500\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Next Top Model (Romanian TV series)\",\n \"text\": \"won the competition. Season 3 began airing on September 20, 2012, and was eventually won by Ramona Popescu. Next Top Model (Romanian TV series) Next Top Model is a Romanian reality television show based on Tyra Banks' \\\"America's Next Top Model\\\". It pits aspiring models against each other in a variety of tests in order to determine who will win title of Romania's \\\"Next Top Model\\\" along with a lucrative 4 year-long modelling contract with MRA Models worth 50,000 Euros. The first three season of the competition were hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu, making him the fifth male\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15226311\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"In a Model Room\",\n \"text\": \"clicking noise made when a key is pressed, the production wanted to take it out of the mix and constantly told P-Model to rent an expensive keyboard, which they refused adamantly. P-Model would alter the equalization settings Furukawa used to remove the clicking noise every time he looked away from the mixing console until he stopped noticing it. Hirasawa re-recorded the album (with the exception of \\\"Sophisticated\\\") in 1999 as \\\"Virtual Live-1 [P-Model Live at Roppongi S-Ken Studio 1979]\\\". In 2007 \\\"Rolling Stone Japan\\\" ranked it at number 52 in its list of the 100 Greatest Japanese Rock Albums of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5865125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What It Means to Be Defeated\",\n \"text\": \"Tour alongside Upon This Dawning and The Browning. In March and April 2015 the band is part of a concert tour with Courage My Love and Hawthorne Heights. On December 3, 2014, it was announced that the re-issue of \\\"What It Means to Be Defeated\\\" had sold only 410 copies after its re-release on November 24, 2014. What It Means to Be Defeated What It Means to Be Defeated is the debut album by American post-hardcore band Dayseeker which was released on October 29, 2013. On July 8, 2013, it was announced that Dayseeker signed a recording contract with inVogue\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18686931\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Next Top Model (Romania season 1)\",\n \"text\": \"Next Top Model (Romania season 1) Next Top Model, Cycle 1 was the first cycle of Next Top Model. It premiered on February 3, 2011. The competition is hosted by Romanian fashion designer Cătălin Botezatu making him the fifth male host of the \\\"Next Top Model\\\" franchise after Fyodor Bondarchuk and Alexander Tsekalo (both Russia), Jay Manuel (Canada) and Nathan Lee (Vietnam, then rescued and replaced by Hà Anh). The panel is completed by photographer Gabriel Hennessey, make-up artist Mirela Vascan, hair stylist Laurent Tourette and model agent Liviu Ionescu. The winner, Emma, received a lucrative 4-year-long modelling contract with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15295065\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["bras","bras (disambiguation)"],"string":"[\n \"bras\",\n \"bras (disambiguation)\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":81,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which member of the monkees came from washington dc?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the time of the Monkees visit and as such, the party inspired the line in the Monkees' tune \"Randy Scouse Git\", written by Dolenz, which read, \"the four kings of EMI are sitting stately on the floor.\" George Harrison praised their self-produced musical attempts, saying, \"It's obvious what's happening, there's talent there. They're doing a TV show, it's a difficult chore and I wouldn't be in their shoes for the world. When they get it all sorted out, they might turn out to be the best.\" (Monkees member Peter Tork was later one of the musicians on Harrison's album \"Wonderwall","psg_id":"424399"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the time of the Monkees visit and as such, the party inspired the line in the Monkees' tune \\\"Randy Scouse Git\\\", written by Dolenz, which read, \\\"the four kings of EMI are sitting stately on the floor.\\\" George Harrison praised their self-produced musical attempts, saying, \\\"It's obvious what's happening, there's talent there. They're doing a TV show, it's a difficult chore and I wouldn't be in their shoes for the world. When they get it all sorted out, they might turn out to be the best.\\\" (Monkees member Peter Tork was later one of the musicians on Harrison's album \\\"Wonderwall\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424399\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Massive Monkees","text":"Ricky Bobby\" on a trampoline. Week 6: VMA Challenge: In this episode of America's Best Dance Crew, the final 4 crews danced to an iconic VMA performance. Massive Monkees were in the bottom 2.Their assigned VMA performance was \"Tearin' Up My Heart\" by *NSYNC, which impressed former N Sync member and judge, JC Chasez. Week 7: Decades Of Dance and Last Chance Challenge: Massive Monkees were eliminated by We Are Heroes. Massive Monkees Massive Monkees is a 28 member b-boy crew from Seattle, Washington that won the 2004 World B-Boy Championships in London and appeared on season four of MTV's","psg_id":"11800209"},{"title":"(Theme From) The Monkees","text":"theme song - sung by Boyce and Hart - was recorded for an early production of the pilot episode (16mm black and white). This can be found on the Special Features section of the Monkees Season 1 Box DVD set. A notable line is \"We're the young generation, and we've got somethin' to say,\" reflecting the youth counterculture of the time. (Theme From) The Monkees \"(Theme from) \"The Monkees\"\" is a 1966 popular song, written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart as the theme song for the TV series \"The Monkees\". Two versions were recorded - one for their first","psg_id":"6991360"},{"title":"(Theme From) The Monkees","text":"(Theme From) The Monkees \"(Theme from) \"The Monkees\"\" is a 1966 popular song, written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart as the theme song for the TV series \"The Monkees\". Two versions were recorded - one for their first album \"The Monkees\" and a second shorter version designed to open the television show. Both versions feature vocals by Micky Dolenz. The full length version was released as a single in several countries including Australia, where it became a hit, reaching #8. It also made \"Billboard Magazine\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s \"Hits of the World\" chart in both Mexico and Japan, reaching the Top 20","psg_id":"6991358"},{"title":"The Monkees (album)","text":"(Nesmith wrote or co-wrote these two tracks.) No tracks on the original LP feature participation from all four Monkees. The photos in the \"film strip\" on the left side of the back cover are from two episodes of \"The Monkees\" TV series. The first three photos are from \"Your Friendly Neighborhood Kidnappers\"; the other two are from the episode \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cool\". Also included are brief stats on each band member (height, weight, age). Early pressings of the LP cover as well as side 1 of the label featured the misspelled song \"Papa Jean's Blues\"","psg_id":"5654833"},{"title":"The Best of The Monkees","text":"issue dated May 17, 2003, at number 51. It spent six weeks on the chart. Following the death of member Davy Jones on February 29, 2012, it re-entered at No. 20 with 17,000 copies sold (up 7,808 percent according to Nielsen SoundScan) for the week ending March 4, 2012. The album has since been certified Gold for selling 500,000 copies. The Best of The Monkees The Best of the Monkees is a Monkees compilation released by Rhino Entertainment. It contains 25 songs from The Monkees' repertoire, listed in chronological order by release date. Also included is a Bonus karaoke CD","psg_id":"5669840"},{"title":"Massive Monkees","text":"Massive Monkees Massive Monkees is a 28 member b-boy crew from Seattle, Washington that won the 2004 World B-Boy Championships in London and appeared on season four of MTV's \"America's Best Dance Crew\". In 2012 they won the international b-boy competition R-16 Korea and thus became the first American crew to win in the history of the competition. Founded in the mid-'90s, the Massive Monkees have 25 active members including former Binary Star rapper One Be Lo, who performs as the MC at their shows. The crew was created through the merger of the Massive Crew and the Universal Style","psg_id":"11800201"},{"title":"(Theme From) The Monkees","text":"in Japan and the Top 10 in Mexico (#2 Jun.17, 1967). It is still played on many oldies radio stations. An Italian version of the song was featured on a Monkees compilation album. Ray Stevens did a version of the Monkees Theme song on his 1985 album \"He Thinks He's Ray Stevens\" featuring a male German group of singers, Wolfgang and Fritzy, that are arguing during the refrain of the song. (\"Hey Hey Bist Du Monkees\".) It is based loosely on the Dave Clark Five song (including finger snap intro) \"Catch Us If You Can\". A slower version of the","psg_id":"6991359"},{"title":"Verizon Washington, DC","text":"all of its operating companies. C&P Telephone Co. was renamed Bell Atlantic Washington, DC, Inc. After Bell Atlantic's merger with GTE in 2000, the system was renamed Verizon, and so were its Bell Operating Companies. Bell Atlantic Washington, DC, Inc., was renamed Verizon Washington, DC, Inc. Verizon Washington, DC The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company was founded in June 1883. C&P Telephone Co. provided telephone service to Washington, D.C. In July 1969, President Richard Nixon's telephone call to astronauts on the moon originated from C&P Telephone Co. equipment. After AT&T's 1969 corporate identity overhaul, which included the famous Saul Bass","psg_id":"17648450"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"group nor unusual in this respect. The Monkees also frequently contributed their own songwriting efforts on their albums and saw their musical skills improve. They ultimately became a self-directed group, playing their own instruments and writing many of their own songs. Noted Monkees and 1960s music historian Andrew Sandoval noted, in \"The Hollywood Reporter,\" that the Monkees \"pioneered the music video format [and band member Mike Nesmith dreamed up the prototype for what would become MTV] and paved the way for every boy band that followed in their wake, from New Kids on the Block to 'N Sync to Jonas","psg_id":"424413"},{"title":"Live 1967 (The Monkees album)","text":"which was included on \"Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn, & Jones, Ltd.\". Live 1967 (The Monkees album) Live 1967 is a live album by The Monkees, compiled from show dates in Seattle, Portland and Spokane on their 1967 United States tour. The songs mostly feature the Monkees themselves singing and playing, although the \"solo spots\" for each member feature music by opening act The Sundowners. In 2001, Rhino Handmade Records released all recordings from the Mobile, Spokane, Portland and Seattle shows on a limited edition Monkees CD release, \".\" During these dates, Davy Jones and Kim Capli of the Sundowners went by","psg_id":"8645954"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the two of them in 1994. Rhino Records (which in August 1994 acquired the complete Monkees back audio and video catalog, as well as the rights to the Monkees name and official logo, under an agreement with Rafelson and Schneider) re-issued all the original LPs on CD, each of which included between three and six bonus tracks of previously unreleased or alternate takes; the first editions came with collectable trading cards. Dolenz, Jones and Tork appeared in a 1995 episode of \"Boy Meets World\", but not as themselves; Tork appeared in two episodes as Topanga Lawrence's father Jedediah. Their eleventh","psg_id":"424369"},{"title":"The Best of The Monkees","text":"The Best of The Monkees The Best of the Monkees is a Monkees compilation released by Rhino Entertainment. It contains 25 songs from The Monkees' repertoire, listed in chronological order by release date. Also included is a Bonus karaoke CD with five tracks. Unlike previous Rhino compilations, this one does not include any material from the 1980s or 1990s reunions, focusing strictly on the band's 1960s output. \"The Best of the Monkees\" replaced \"The Monkees Greatest Hits\", released in 1995 in anticipation of the band’s 30th Anniversary celebration the following year. The album debuted on the \"Billboard\" 200 in the","psg_id":"5669839"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"show came in 1986, which led to a series of reunion tours and new records. The group has reunited and toured several times since then with different line-ups and varying degrees of success. After Davy Jones died on February 29, 2012, the surviving members reunited for a tour in November–December 2012 and again in 2013 for a 24-date tour. The Monkees continued to tour through their 2016 50th Anniversary, with Dolenz and Tork forming the core of the band and Nesmith continuing to join them occasionally. Dolenz described \"The Monkees\" as initially being \"a TV show about an imaginary band…","psg_id":"424281"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"would become \"The Monkees\". Not getting much interest from his usual stable of Brill Building writers, Kirshner assigned Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart to the project. The duo contributed four demo recordings for the pilot. One of these recordings was \"(Theme From) The Monkees\" which helped get the series the green light. When \"The Monkees\" was picked up as a series, development of the musical side of the project accelerated. Columbia-Screen Gems and RCA Victor entered into a joint venture called Colgems Records primarily to distribute Monkees records. Raybert set up a rehearsal space and rented instruments for the group","psg_id":"424289"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"its inventor, Jeff Meckstroth, after the Monkees' song. There was also \"The Monkees\" comic published in the United States by Dell Comics, which ran for seventeen issues from 1967 to 1969. In the United Kingdom, a \"Daily Mirror\" \"Crazy Cartoon Book\" featured four comic stories as well as four photos of The Monkees, all in black and white; it was published in 1967. In 2000, VH-1 produced the television biopic \"Daydream Believers: The Monkees' Story\". In 2002, the movie was released on DVD, and featured both commentaries and interviews with Dolenz, Jones and Tork. The aired version did differ from","psg_id":"424424"},{"title":"Harvard Club of Washington DC","text":"Harvard Club of Washington DC The Harvard Club of Washington DC is a private social club operating in Washington, DC. Its membership is essentially restricted to alumni and associates of Harvard University. The Harvard Club of Washington, DC is the third most popular social club in its class in Georgetown. It does not own a physical clubhouse Membership is restricted to recipients of degrees from Harvard University, current students who have participated in an academic program at Harvard University of at least six-week duration, parents of such current students, spouses of deceased members, and those who have completed at least","psg_id":"17675702"},{"title":"More of the Monkees","text":"More of the Monkees More of the Monkees is the second full-length album by the Monkees. It was recorded in late 1966 and released on Colgems label #102 on January 9, 1967. It displaced the band's debut album from the top of the \"Billboard\" 200 chart and remained at No.1 for 18 weeks—the longest of any Monkees album. Combined, the first two Monkees albums were at the top of the \"Billboard\" chart for 31 consecutive weeks. \"More of the Monkees\" also went to No.1 in the UK. In the U.S. it has been certified quintuple platinum by the RIAA with","psg_id":"5654504"},{"title":"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC","text":"outreach programs for students. Worldquest is an academic competition with programs geared toward high school students and young professionals in which teams answer questions pertaining to foreign affairs, geography, foreign culture, international organizations, and recent history. Notable speakers at WACDC events have included: World Affairs Council of Washington, DC The World Affairs Council of Washington, DC, founded in 1980, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization in Washington, DC. The group's efforts are aimed at informing and educating the public about contemporary international affairs. Its corporate sponsors include Aramco Service Company, AIG, Raytheon, and ExxonMobil, and it relies primarily on dues from","psg_id":"11874508"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"and yet impressively weird. Both the style and substance of the Monkees were imitated by American boy band Big Time Rush (BTR), who performed in their own television series which -- by admission of series creator Scott Fellows -- was heavily influenced by the Monkees. Similarly to the Monkees, Big Time Rush featured a \"made-for-tv\" boy band often caught in a series of misadventures, hijinks, and somewhat slapstick comedy. The show, now in reruns but still hugely popular on Teen Nick, is highly stylized and patterned after the Monkees, even capped with similar cartoonish sound effects. Like the Monkees, BTR","psg_id":"424420"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"album \"Justus\" was released in 1996. It was the first since 1968 on which all four original members performed and produced. \"Justus\" was produced by the Monkees, all songs were written by one of the four Monkees, and it was recorded using only the four Monkees for all instruments and vocals, which was the inspiration for the album title and spelling (\"Justus\" = Just Us). The trio of Dolenz, Jones, and Tork reunited again for a successful 30th anniversary tour of American amphitheaters in 1996, while Nesmith joined them onstage in Los Angeles to promote the new songs from \"Justus\".","psg_id":"424370"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"single \"Oh My My\", which was accompanied by a music film promo (produced/directed by Dolenz). Dolenz contributed one of his own compositions, \"Midnight Train\", which was used in the re-runs of the Monkees TV series. The \"Oh My My\" b/w \"I Love You Better\" single from the \"Changes\" album would be the last single issued under the Monkees name in the United States, until 1986. Originally released in June 1970, \"Changes\" would first chart in Billboard's Top 200 during the Monkees' 1986 reunion, staying on the charts for 4 weeks. September 22, 1970 marked the final recording session by the","psg_id":"424357"},{"title":"Live 1967 (The Monkees album)","text":"Live 1967 (The Monkees album) Live 1967 is a live album by The Monkees, compiled from show dates in Seattle, Portland and Spokane on their 1967 United States tour. The songs mostly feature the Monkees themselves singing and playing, although the \"solo spots\" for each member feature music by opening act The Sundowners. In 2001, Rhino Handmade Records released all recordings from the Mobile, Spokane, Portland and Seattle shows on a limited edition Monkees CD release, \".\" During these dates, Davy Jones and Kim Capli of the Sundowners went by themselves to a local recording studio, making \"Hard to Believe\",","psg_id":"8645953"},{"title":"Fireboats of Washington DC","text":"at her moorings, due to a hidden leak. Fireboats of Washington DC Washington DC has maintained a fleet of fireboats since 1905. Its largest fireboat is the \"John Glenn\". The city's first two fireboats were both named \"\"Firefighter\"\". The first \"Firefighter\" served from 1905, until 1948. The second \"Firefighter\" served from 1948, until 1978. In 1978 Washington acquired the John Glenn, formerly operated by the Fire Department of New York. The Fire Department does not name its smaller fireboats, they are, instead, numbered. \"Fireboat 3\" its most recent fireboat, is long. The city expects a new \"Fireboat 2\" in late","psg_id":"20349484"},{"title":"Fireboats of Washington DC","text":"Fireboats of Washington DC Washington DC has maintained a fleet of fireboats since 1905. Its largest fireboat is the \"John Glenn\". The city's first two fireboats were both named \"\"Firefighter\"\". The first \"Firefighter\" served from 1905, until 1948. The second \"Firefighter\" served from 1948, until 1978. In 1978 Washington acquired the John Glenn, formerly operated by the Fire Department of New York. The Fire Department does not name its smaller fireboats, they are, instead, numbered. \"Fireboat 3\" its most recent fireboat, is long. The city expects a new \"Fireboat 2\" in late September 2017. In September, 2017, \"Fireboat 3\" sank","psg_id":"20349483"},{"title":"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees","text":"this and all previous Monkees hits compilations were deleted. More Greatest Hits of The Monkees More Greatest Hits of the Monkees is a 1982 greatest hits compilation album of songs by the Monkees, assembled and released by Arista Records. Rather than featuring strictly hit singles, the collection instead featured music from their television series, which was still airing in syndication around the US. This album marks the compilation debut of chart hits \"Words\" and \"The Girl I Knew Somewhere,\" which had been overlooked on the previous greatest hits albums. (\"Somewhere\" had appeared on a compilation by the Laurie House publishers","psg_id":"6548458"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the Monkees\", without the band's knowledge. Nesmith and Tork were particularly upset when they were on tour in January 1967 and discovered this second album. The Monkees were annoyed at not having even been told of the release in advance, at having their opinions on the track selection ignored, at Kirshner's self-congratulatory liner notes and also because of the amateurish-looking cover art, which was merely a composite of pictures of the four taken for a J.C. Penney clothing advertisement. Indeed, the Monkees had not even been given a copy of the album; they had to buy it from a record","psg_id":"424312"},{"title":"Harvard Club of Washington DC","text":"one academic year at Harvard University as a professor, instructor, or officer. Current students, recent graduates, and senior graduates enjoy free or discounted memberships. Members of the Club are given reciprocal benefits at 130 Harvard Clubs in the United States and around the world. Harvard Club of Washington DC The Harvard Club of Washington DC is a private social club operating in Washington, DC. Its membership is essentially restricted to alumni and associates of Harvard University. The Harvard Club of Washington, DC is the third most popular social club in its class in Georgetown. It does not own a physical","psg_id":"17675703"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"\"Sugar, Sugar\" in 1967, but declined to record it. Producer and songwriter Jeff Barry, joint writer and composer of \"Sugar, Sugar\" with Andy Kim, has denied this, saying that the song had not even been written at the time. The Monkees wanted to pick the songs they sang and play on the songs they recorded, and \"be\" the Monkees. With Kirshner dismissed as musical supervisor, in late February 1967 Nesmith hired former Turtles bassist Douglas Farthing Hatlelid, who was better known by his stage name Chip Douglas, to produce the next Monkees album, which was to be the first Monkees","psg_id":"424317"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"most lucrative venture the three had ever seen in their days as the Monkees, far surpassing the money they had made in the 1960s. Nesmith had little financial need to join in Monkees-related projects, mostly as his mother Bette Nesmith Graham was the inventor of Liquid Paper, leaving Nesmith an inheritance of over $25 million upon her death in 1980. A new album by the touring trio, \"Pool It!\" (the Monkees' tenth), appeared the following year and was a moderate success. From 1986 to 1989, the Monkees would conduct major concert tours in the United States, Australia, Japan, and Europe.","psg_id":"424367"},{"title":"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel","text":"for meetings. Renaissance Washington DC Hotel Renaissance Washington DC Hotel is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., United States. Its construction was completed in 1986. The architect of the building was Smith-Williams Group, who proposed the architectural style of the building, which is postmodern. The building rises to containing 15 stories and 807 units. The building is part of the TechWorld Plaza complex. The hotel began a major renovation of its ballroom and meeting room level in 2013. In March 2017, Cvent, an event management company, ranked the Renaissance Washington DC 89th in its annual list of the top","psg_id":"12184513"},{"title":"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel","text":"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel Renaissance Washington DC Hotel is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., United States. Its construction was completed in 1986. The architect of the building was Smith-Williams Group, who proposed the architectural style of the building, which is postmodern. The building rises to containing 15 stories and 807 units. The building is part of the TechWorld Plaza complex. The hotel began a major renovation of its ballroom and meeting room level in 2013. In March 2017, Cvent, an event management company, ranked the Renaissance Washington DC 89th in its annual list of the top U.S. hotels","psg_id":"12184512"},{"title":"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees","text":"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees More Greatest Hits of the Monkees is a 1982 greatest hits compilation album of songs by the Monkees, assembled and released by Arista Records. Rather than featuring strictly hit singles, the collection instead featured music from their television series, which was still airing in syndication around the US. This album marks the compilation debut of chart hits \"Words\" and \"The Girl I Knew Somewhere,\" which had been overlooked on the previous greatest hits albums. (\"Somewhere\" had appeared on a compilation by the Laurie House publishers that was only available as mail order, and the","psg_id":"6548456"},{"title":"Washington DC LDS Stake","text":"Washington DC LDS Stake The Washington DC Stake of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the regional center for Mormon congregations in the Washington, D.C. area and surrounding towns and cities. The Washington DC Stake became the first stake in the mid-Atlantic region on June 30, 1940, with President Ezra Taft Benson serving as the first stake president. Members of the stake at that time lived anywhere from Richmond, Virginia, to Fairview, Pennsylvania, as well as from Maryland's Chesapeake River to Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains. Since then, the original stake has branched off into 24 additional stakes","psg_id":"19410982"},{"title":"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC","text":"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC Theater Alliance is a non-profit professional theater in Washington, DC, professionally incorporated in 2000 with the goal of producing work that would illuminate the experiences, philosophies and interests of DC's diverse population. That goal was furthered in 2002, when Theater Alliance moved from its home at the Capitol Hill Arts Workshop to become the sole theater-in-residence at the H Street Playhouse. Once the H Street Playhouse closed, Theater Alliance moved to Southeast DC, where it has been the theater-in-residence at the Anacostia Playhouse since 2013. Theater Alliance has been under the leadership of Producing Artistic","psg_id":"20675454"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"a future double album (eventually to be reduced to \"The Monkees Present\") on which each Monkee would separately produce one side of a disc. In February 1969, the Monkees' seventh album, \"Instant Replay,\" without Tork's involvement beyond playing guitar on \"I Won't Be the Same Without Her\", was released, which reached No. 32 on the charts. The single from the album was \"Tear Drop City\", which peaked at No. 56 on the U.S. Billboard chart and No. 34 on the Australian chart. According to Rhino Handmade's 2011 Deluxe Edition reissue of this album, Davy Jones told \"Melody Maker\", \"Half of","psg_id":"424347"},{"title":"More of the Monkees","text":"Mix) \"Mr. Webster\" (First Recorded Version) \"Valleri\" (First Recorded Version) \"Words\" (First Recorded Version) \"Look Out (Here Comes Tomorrow)\" (TV Mix) \"I'll Be Back Up on My Feet\" (First Recorded Version) \"Tear Drop City\" (Early Mix) \"Of You\" (Mono Mix) \"Hold on Girl\" (First Recorded Version) \"(I Prithee) Do Not Ask for Love (First Recorded Version)\" Works cited More of the Monkees More of the Monkees is the second full-length album by the Monkees. It was recorded in late 1966 and released on Colgems label #102 on January 9, 1967. It displaced the band's debut album from the top of","psg_id":"5654512"},{"title":"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC","text":"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC The World Affairs Council of Washington, DC, founded in 1980, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization in Washington, DC. The group's efforts are aimed at informing and educating the public about contemporary international affairs. Its corporate sponsors include Aramco Service Company, AIG, Raytheon, and ExxonMobil, and it relies primarily on dues from individual and corporate members. The World Affairs Council organizes a number of events in the D.C. area geared toward providing educational opportunities focused on international affairs. These events include public programs featuring journalists, public officials, and foreign policy experts, seminars for educators, and","psg_id":"11874507"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"Nesmith from the Monkees original incarnation would be their eighth album, \"The Monkees Present\", released in October 1969, which peaked at No. 100 on the Billboard charts. It would include the Nesmith composed country-rock singles \"Listen to the Band\" and \"Good Clean Fun\" (released in September 1969). Other notable songs include the Dolenz composition \"Little Girl\", which featured Louie Shelton on electric guitar, joining Micky on acoustic guitar, along with \"Mommy and Daddy\" (B-side to the \"Good Clean Fun single) in which he sang about America's treatment of the Native Americans and drug abuse, and in an earlier take, released","psg_id":"424352"},{"title":"More of the Monkees","text":"album's existence while on tour in Cleveland, Ohio, discovering it had already been released. They were dismayed by the cover image of them and offended by production overseer Don Kirshner's liner notes, which praised his team of songwriters before mentioning, almost as an afterthought, the names of the Monkees. The band, particularly Nesmith, was also furious about the songs—selected for the record from 34 that had been recorded—leading Nesmith to later tell \"Melody Maker\" magazine that \"More of the Monkees\" was \"probably the worst album in the history of the world\". The group began to grow concerned over their musical","psg_id":"5654506"},{"title":"Washington DC City Pages","text":"use of all its advertising services to nonprofits, musicians, artists and organizations. In 2008, DCpages created the Washington DC Network to use all media types to promote clients’ messages. The Washington DC Network connects clients to as many as two million unique visitors a month. Matt Toledo become the principal programming administrator during this new phase of development. In 2010, DCpages began integration with outside social networks. Washington DC City Pages Washington DC City Pages, usually referred to as \"DCpages\", is an online community network founded in 1994. DCpages introduced the concept of online community publications in the Washington DC","psg_id":"7778943"},{"title":"The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees","text":"& The Monkees\" reverted to the recording process of the first two albums (fewer group dynamics), except now each band member was fully in charge of the sessions. Chip Douglas, producer of The Monkees' previous two albums, fully expected to continue as the band's representative in the studio, but found the individual Monkees more interested in exploring their diverse musical backgrounds with their own friends and associates rather than relying on Douglas as the central figure. Douglas continues, \"I was ready to do that Boyce & Hart song ‘P.O. Box 9847’ – it sort of had that ‘Paperback Writer’ feel","psg_id":"5675261"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"it was the antithesis of \"The Monkees\" television show, intended to comprehensively demolish the group's carefully groomed public image. Rafelson and Nicholson's \"Ditty Diego-War Chant\" (recited at the start of the film by the group), ruthlessly parodies Boyce and Hart's \"Monkees Theme\". A sparse advertising campaign (with no mention of the Monkees) hurt any chances of the film doing well, and it played briefly in half-filled movie theaters. In the DVD commentary, Nesmith said that everyone associated with the Monkees \"had gone crazy\" by this time. They were each using the platform of the Monkees to push their own disparate","psg_id":"424340"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"According to Nesmith, it was Dolenz's voice that made the Monkees' sound distinctive, and even during tension-filled times Nesmith and Tork sometimes turned over lead vocal duties to Dolenz on their own compositions, such as Tork's \"For Pete's Sake\", which became the closing title theme for the second season of the television show. The Monkees' debut and second albums were meant to be a soundtrack to the first season of the TV show, to cash in on the audience. In the 2006 Rhino Deluxe Edition re-issue of their second album, \"More of the Monkees\", Mike Nesmith stated, \"The first album","psg_id":"424292"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"strong lead voice and sings lead on several Monkees recordings, Dolenz's voice is regarded, particularly by Nesmith, as one of the most distinctive in popular music history and a hallmark of the Monkees' sound. This theoretical lineup was actually depicted once, in the music video for the band's song \"Words\", which shows Jones on drums, Tork playing lead guitar, Nesmith on bass and Dolenz fronting the group. In concert appearances Tork also took much of the guitar duties, even in appearances with Nesmith, and Dolenz often plays rhythm guitar on stage. Unlike most television shows of the time, \"The Monkees\"","psg_id":"424298"},{"title":"The Monkees Present","text":"on the CBS and ABC reruns of \"The Monkees\" from 1969–1972. \"Tracks 1-12: Original album\" Previously unissued bonus tracks: \"Tracks 1-12: Original album in stereo\" Little Girl Good Clean Fun If I Knew Bye Bye Baby Bye Bye Never Tell a Woman Yes Looking for Good Times Ladies Aid Society Listen to the Band French Song Mommy and Daddy Oklahoma Backroom Dancer Pillow Time Calico Girlfriend Samba The Good Earth Listen to the Band [Early Mix] Mommy and Daddy [Early Mix] The Monkees Present - Radio Promo The Monkees Present The Monkees Present (also known as The Monkees Present Micky,","psg_id":"5669951"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"2002, but Tork declined to participate. Jones and Dolenz toured the United States one more time as a duo in 2002, and then split to concentrate on their own individual projects. With different Monkees citing different reasons, the group chose not to mark their 40th anniversary in 2006. In October 2010, Jones stated that a reunion marking the band's 45th anniversary was a possibility. Noted Monkees biographer Andrew Sandoval commented in \"The Hollywood Reporter\" that he \"spent three years cajoling them to look beyond their recent differences (which included putting aside solo projects to fully commit to the Monkees).\" \"\"","psg_id":"424377"},{"title":"The Monkees (album)","text":"The Monkees (album) The Monkees is the first album by the band The Monkees. It was released in October 1966 by Colgems Records in the United States and RCA Victor in the rest of the world. It was the first of four consecutive U.S. number one albums for the group, taking the top spot on the \"Billboard\" 200 for 13 weeks, after which it was displaced by the band's second album. It also topped the UK charts in 1967. \"The Monkees\" has been certified quintuple platinum by the RIAA, with sales of over five million copies. The song \"Last Train","psg_id":"5654830"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"in my world, and his experience dwarfed my entertainer's life as a hippie, basket-passing folk singer on the Greenwich Village coffee house circuit. If anything, I suppose I was selected for the cast of 'The Monkees' TV show partly as a rough-hewn counterpart to David's sophistication. [...] the Monkees—the group now, not the TV series—took a lot of flack for being 'manufactured,' by which our critics meant that we hadn't grown up together, paying our dues, sleeping five to a room, trying to make it as had the Beatles and Rolling Stones. Furthermore, critics said, the Monkees' first albums—remember albums?—were","psg_id":"424397"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"one of the most articulate spokesmen for the new and literate breed of pop musicians who have spring from the loins of primitive rock. [The album] with its carriage trade of symphony, rock, country, western, and swing, and with jazz riding in the caboose, may well indicate where contemporary popular music will be situated in the early 1970s.\" Considered by some to be the Monkees' \"White Album\" period (for example, Sandoval mentions this in the liner notes of Rhino Handmade's 2010 Deluxe reissue of the album), each of the Monkees contributions reflected his own musical tastes, which resulted in an","psg_id":"424333"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the Monkees. Nesmith stated, \"One of the things that I really felt was honest was country-rock. I wanted to move the Monkees more into that because ... if we get closer to country music, we'll get closer to blues, and country blues, and so forth. ... It had a lot of un-country things in it: a familiar change from a I major to a VI minor—those kinds of things. So it was a little kind of a new wave country song. It didn't sound like the country songs of the time, which was Buck Owens.\" Their next single, \"Daydream Believer\"","psg_id":"424330"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the fronting role. The four Monkees performed all the instruments and vocals for most of the live set. The most notable exceptions were during each member's solo sections where, during the December 1966 – May 1967 tour, they were backed by the Candy Store Prophets. During the summer 1967 tour of the United States and the UK (from which the \"Live 1967\" recordings are taken), they were backed by a band called the Sundowners. The Monkees toured Australia and Japan in 1968. The results were far better than expected. Wherever they went, the group was greeted by scenes of fan","psg_id":"424303"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"For the first time since the brief 1986 reunion, Nesmith returned to the concert stage for a tour of the United Kingdom in 1997, highlighted by two sold-out concerts at Wembley Arena in Wembley Park, London. This was a very fitting venue, as from 30 June to 2 July 1967 the Monkees had been the first group to headline on their own at the Empire Pool, as the Arena was then called. The full quartet also appeared in an ABC television special titled \"Hey, Hey, It's the Monkees\", which was written and directed by Nesmith and spoofed the original series","psg_id":"424371"},{"title":"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard","text":"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard The City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard is an 1833 oil painting by the American painter George Cooke. The painting shows a view of Washington DC from Anacostia, across the Anacostia River. To the right of centre are the United States Capitol atop Capitol Hill, and the Washington Navy Yard, with two dry docks, in front of which is anchored a three-masted sailing vessel. To the left are the Washington Arsenal and White House, depicted larger than life to balance the Capitol building. The city around and between the main","psg_id":"20020697"},{"title":"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard","text":"Clinton. To date, no subsequent president has brought the painting back to the Oval Office. City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard The City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard is an 1833 oil painting by the American painter George Cooke. The painting shows a view of Washington DC from Anacostia, across the Anacostia River. To the right of centre are the United States Capitol atop Capitol Hill, and the Washington Navy Yard, with two dry docks, in front of which is anchored a three-masted sailing vessel. To the left are the Washington Arsenal and White House, depicted","psg_id":"20020699"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"1967, he attended the overdub and mixing session for the Beatles' \"Fixing a Hole\" at EMI's Abbey Road studio 2. During the 1970s, during Lennon's infamous \"lost weekend\", Lennon, Ringo Starr, Micky Dolenz, Harry Nilsson and Keith Moon often hung out together, and were collectively known in the press as \"The Hollywood Vampires\". Paul McCartney can be seen in the 2002 concert film \"Back in the U.S.\" singing \"Hey, Hey, We're The Monkees\", the theme from \"The Monkees\" television show, while backstage. The Monkees \"Cuddly Toy\" and \"Daddy's Song\" were written by songwriter Harry Nilsson. \"Cuddly Toy\" would be recorded","psg_id":"424404"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"surviving Monkees, two songs feature vocals from Davy Jones. The cover art is provided by the comic book artists Mike and Laura Allred. Controversy hit early in 1967 concerning the Monkees' studio abilities. Dolenz told a reporter that the Wrecking Crew provided the backing tracks for the first two Monkees albums, and that his origin as a drummer was simply that a Monkee had to learn to play the drums, and he only knew the guitar. A January 28, 1967 \"Saturday Evening Post\" article quoted Nesmith railing against the music creation process. \"Do you know how debilitating it is to","psg_id":"424389"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"\"Davy Jones\", featuring the single \"Rainy Jane\" / \"Welcome to My Love\". Both Jones and Dolenz released multiple singles as solo artists in the years following the original break-up of the Monkees. The duo continued to tour throughout most of the 1970s. Partly because of repeats of the television series \"The Monkees\" on Saturday mornings and in syndication, \"The Monkees Greatest Hits\" charted in 1976. The LP, issued by Arista Records, who by this time had possession of the Monkees' master tapes, courtesy of their corporate owner, Screen Gems, was actually a re-packaging of an earlier (1972) compilation LP called","psg_id":"424359"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"Monkees in their original incarnation, when Jones and Dolenz recorded \"Do It in the Name of Love\" and \"Lady Jane\". Not mixed until February 19, 1971, and released later that year as a single (\"Do It in the Name Of Love\" b/w \"Lady Jane\"), the two remaining Monkees then lost the rights to use the name in several countries, the U.S. included. The single was not credited to the Monkees in the U.S., but to a misspelled \"Mickey Dolenz and Davy Jones\", although in Japan it was issued under the Monkees' name. Jones released a solo album in 1971, titled","psg_id":"424358"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"by the hit singles \"Daydream Believer\" and \"Valleri\", along with Nesmith's self-penned top 40 hit \"Tapioca Tundra\", \"The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees\" reached No. 3 on the Billboard charts shortly after it was released in April 1968. It was the first album released after NBC announced they were not renewing \"The Monkees\" for a third season. The album cover—a quaint collage of items looking like a display in a jumble shop or toy store—was chosen over the Monkees' objections. It was the last Monkees' album to be released in separate, dedicated mono and stereo mixes. During the 1986","psg_id":"424335"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"Brothers, while Davy set the stage for future teen idols David Cassidy and Justin Bieber. As pop stars go, you would be hard pressed to find a successful artist who didn't take a page from the Monkees' playbook, even generations later. Monkee money also enabled Rafelson and Schneider to finance \"Easy Rider\" and \"Five Easy Pieces\", which made Jack Nicholson a star. In fact, the Monkees series was the opening salvo in a revolution that brought on the New Hollywood cinema, an influence rarely acknowledged but no less impactful.\" The \"Chicago Tribune\" interviewed Davy Jones, who said, \"We touched a","psg_id":"424414"},{"title":"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC","text":"Director Colin Hovde since 2011. It is now in its 15th season. Overall, the company has earned more than 80 Helen Hayes Award nominations and 13 Helen Hayes Awards, including: Theater Alliance of Washington, DC Theater Alliance is a non-profit professional theater in Washington, DC, professionally incorporated in 2000 with the goal of producing work that would illuminate the experiences, philosophies and interests of DC's diverse population. That goal was furthered in 2002, when Theater Alliance moved from its home at the Capitol Hill Arts Workshop to become the sole theater-in-residence at the H Street Playhouse. Once the H Street","psg_id":"20675455"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"Pickle Brothers. The pilot had the same energy and pace of \"The Monkees\", but never became a series. In June 1968, Music Supervisor Lester Sill chose to release the two non-album tracks \"D.W. Washburn\" b/w \"It's Nice To Be With You\" as the Monkees' next single. The Leiber/Stoller-penned A-side would break into the Top 20, peaking at No. 19 on the charts. After \"The Monkees\" was canceled in February 1968, Rafelson directed the four Monkees in a feature film, \"Head\". Schneider was executive producer, and the project was co-written and co-produced by Bob Rafelson with a then relatively unknown Jack","psg_id":"424338"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"television network, NBC and Columbia had a major hit on their hands. The first long-playing album, \"The Monkees\", was released a month later, spent 13 weeks at #1 and stayed on the Billboard charts for 78 weeks. Twenty years later, during their reunion, it would spend another 24 weeks on the Billboard charts. This first album is also notable, in addition to containing their debut single, for containing band member Nesmith's first foray into country-rock, \"Papa Gene's Blues\", which mixed country, rock and Latin flavors. In assigning instruments for purposes of the television show, a dilemma arose as to which","psg_id":"424295"},{"title":"Changes (The Monkees album)","text":"being rebroadcast on Saturday mornings by CBS (in which all but two tracks from \"Changes\" were featured in the reruns), the duo recorded \"Do It In The Name Of Love\" and \"Lady Jane\" in September 1970. Instead of appearing under the \"Monkees\" name on Colgems Records, however, the single was released on Bell Records, the successor label to Colgems, and credited to \"Mickey Dolenz and Davy Jones\". This was due to the prohibitive costs of licensing the Monkees name in the US; however, in Japan, the record was issued under the name the Monkees. One track recorded during the studio","psg_id":"5670096"},{"title":"Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC","text":"Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC is a 183-room high end boutique hotel at the corner of 7th and F Streets Northwest in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C.. Kimpton Hotel Monaco DC is one of ten Kimpton hotel properties in the Washington Metropolitan Area and is located across the street from the National Portrait Gallery and the Verizon Center. The hotel opened in the summer of 2002 and was named one of the eighty best new hotels in the world in 2003 by \"Condé Nast Traveler\". In September 2010, Pebblebrook Hotel Trust acquired the","psg_id":"11977657"},{"title":"More of the Monkees","text":"sales of more than five million copies. \"More of the Monkees\" is also notable for being the first pop/rock album to be the best-selling album of the year in the U.S. Monkeemania had reached full swing by the time the album was released. The Monkees' second single, \"I'm a Believer\"—included on this album—held the number one position on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and they were about to embark on a highly successful concert tour. The release of \"More of the Monkees\" was rushed to capitalize on the band's popularity, catching even its members by surprise. The band learned of the","psg_id":"5654505"},{"title":"The Monkees Greatest Hits","text":"The Monkees Greatest Hits The Monkees Greatest Hits is a 1976 greatest hits compilation album of songs by The Monkees released by Arista Records, and a reissue of an earlier Bell Records compilation, \"Re-Focus\". While the Monkees were among the top-selling bands of the mid-1960s, their decline was sharp and their last new albums and singles sold poorly. Earlier best-of collections (the first two from their original label, Colgems Records) had seen only limited release, and were hard to find in stores. Several of the Monkees' hits had become radio staples, though, and with the sale of their television series","psg_id":"7240447"},{"title":"Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC","text":"Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC The Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC is a 335-room, high-end boutique hotel located at 2121 P Street Northwest in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC is one of twelve Kimpton hotel properties in the Washington Metropolitan Area and one of eight locations operating in the District. Kimpton opened its first Washington, D.C. hotel in 2000. Opening in 2006, Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC's theme is \"Art in Motion\". Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC maintains a partnership with The Phillips Collection and Smithsonian Institution. The hotel building was originally owned by Radisson Hotels","psg_id":"11977643"},{"title":"The Monkees Greatest Hits","text":"a best-seller, and remained available through the 1980s, with cassette and compact disc editions also appearing. When Rhino Records reissued the entire Monkees catalog during 1995, this and all previous Monkees compilations were deleted. The song selection was largely repeated on Rhino's own \"Monkees Greatest Hits\" collection, though not all the versions presented were the same. The Monkees Greatest Hits The Monkees Greatest Hits is a 1976 greatest hits compilation album of songs by The Monkees released by Arista Records, and a reissue of an earlier Bell Records compilation, \"Re-Focus\". While the Monkees were among the top-selling bands of the","psg_id":"7240449"},{"title":"Barrel Full of Monkees","text":"VPS prefix and listed for $5.98, which was the list price for \"full line\" single LP records at the time. The Monkees' double set also listed for $5.98 and carried a then-new \"SCOS\" prefix and new numbering series, \"1001,\" making it unrelated to any other previous Colgems issue or pricing series. The 20-song collection included 13 of the 14 tracks found on The Monkees' first \"Greatest Hits\" compilation, the missing exception being \"Zor and Zam.\" After the closing of Colgems in 1971, \"Barrel Full of Monkees\" was deleted, with the next Monkees compilation, \"Re-Focus\", being issued by Colgems' successor, Bell","psg_id":"7279692"},{"title":"The Monkees (album)","text":"included on the 2014 Super Deluxe edition of the album. Disc 1 The Original Mono Album The Original Stereo Album Bonus Material Disc 2 The Monkees - Sessions Disc 3 David Jones - The Original Mono Album David Jones - The Singles David Jones - The Original Stereo Album Michael Blessing - The Singles The Monkees – Demos Note \"(Theme from) The Monkees\" \"Saturday's Child\" \"I Wanna Be Free\" \"Tomorrow's Gonna Be Another Day\" \"Papa Gene's Blues\" \"Take a Giant Step\" \"Last Train to Clarksville\" \"This Just Doesn't Seem to be My Day\" \"Let's Dance On\" \"I'll Be True to","psg_id":"5654836"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"and Minor Threat both recorded versions of \"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\" and it was often played live by Toy Love. The Japanese new wave pop group the Plastics recorded a synthesizer and drum-machine version of \"Last Train to Clarksville\" for their 1979 album \"Welcome Back.\" Glenn A. Baker, author of \"Monkeemania: The True Story of the Monkees,\" described the Monkees as \"rock's first great embarrassment\" in 1986: Like an illegitimate child in a respectable family, the Monkees are destined to be regarded forever as rock's first great embarrassment; misunderstood and maligned like a mongrel at a ritzy dog show,","psg_id":"424416"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"by Goffin/King, with lead vocals from Micky Dolenz and backing vocals from Davy Jones, and it reached No. 62 on the Billboard charts. The soundtrack album to the movie, \"Head\", reached No. 45 on the Billboard charts. Jack Nicholson assembled the film's soundtrack album, weaving dialogue and sound effects from the film in between the songs from the film. The six (plus \"Ditty Diego\") Monkees songs on the album range from psychedelic pop to straight ahead rockers to Broadway rock to eastern-influenced pop to a folk-rock ballad. Although the Monkees performed \"Circle Sky\" live in the film, the studio version","psg_id":"424342"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"album of the 1960s and also returning to the charts in 1986 for another 26 weeks. At the time songwriters Boyce and Hart considered the Monkees to be their project, with Tommy Boyce stating in the 2006 Rhino reissue of \"More of the Monkees\" that he considered the Monkees to be actors in the television show, while Boyce and Hart were the songwriters and producers doing the records. They wanted Micky to sing the faster songs and have Davy sing the ballads. He also stated in the liner notes that he felt that Michael's country leanings didn't fit in with","psg_id":"424306"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"Tork at the Greek Theatre, in Los Angeles, on September 7, 1986. In September 1988, the three rejoined to play Australia again, Europe and then North America, with that string of tours ending in September 1989. Nesmith again returned at the Universal Amphitheatre, Los Angeles, show on July 10, 1989 and took part in a dedication ceremony at the Hollywood Walk of Fame, when the Monkees received a TV star there in 1989. The sudden revival of the Monkees in 1986 helped move the first official Monkees single since 1971, \"That Was Then, This Is Now\", to the No. 20","psg_id":"424365"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"After the end of the 50th Anniversary Tour, Dolenz, Tork, and Nesmith spent 2017 engaging in solo activities. In 2018, Nesmith toured with a revived version of the First National Band and stated that he was in negotiations with promoters to tour again with Dolenz later in the summer. On February 20, the tour was announced as \"The Monkees Present: The Mike and Micky Show\", their first tour as a duo; Tork declined to participate due to wanting to focus on his new solo album. Though the pair played Monkees music and promoted the tour under the Monkees banner, Nesmith","psg_id":"424386"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"\"The reaction to the last tour was euphoric\", Dolenz told \"Rolling Stone\" magazine. \"It was pretty apparent there was a demand for another one.\" A third tour with Nesmith would follow in 2014. In 2014, the Monkees were inducted into the Pop Music Hall of Fame at the 2014 Monkees Convention. At the convention the band announced a 2014 tour of the Eastern and Midwestern US. Dolenz and Tork toured as the Monkees in 2015 without Nesmith's participation. Nesmith stated that he was busy with other ventures, although Dolenz said that \"He's always invited.\" In February 2016, Dolenz announced that","psg_id":"424383"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the Monkees' image, and although he thought that Peter was a great musician, he had a different process of thinking about songs that weren't right for the Monkees. Music Coordinator Kirshner, though, realizing how important the music was, wanted to move the music in a newer direction than Boyce and Hart to get the best record, and so he decided to move the production to New York where his A-list of writers/producers resided. However, the Monkees had been complaining that the music publishing company would not allow them to play their own instruments on their records, or to use more","psg_id":"424307"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"businessman to go on a world tour pretending to be the real band. The show includes 18 Monkees songs plus numbers by other 60s artists. It ran in Manchester as part of the \"Manchester Gets it First\" program until April 14, 2012 before a UK tour. Following its Manchester run, the show appeared in the Glasgow King's Theatre and the Sunderland Empire Theatre. The Monkees The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1966 and 1971, with reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob","psg_id":"424426"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"In 1987, a new television series called \"New Monkees\" appeared. Four young musicians were placed in a similar series based on the original show, but \"updated\" for the 1980s. The \"New Monkees\" left the air after 13 episodes. (Neither Bob Rafelson nor Bert Schneider was involved in the development or production of the series, although it was produced by \"Straybert Productions\" headed by Steve Blauner, Rafelson and Schneider's partner in BBS Productions.) In the 1990s, the Monkees continued to record new material. In 1993, Dolenz and Jones worked together on a television commercial, and another reunion tour was launched with","psg_id":"424368"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"directly to Kirshner's later venture, \"The Archies\", which was an animated series—the \"stars\" existed only on animation cels, with music done by studio musicians, and obviously could not seize creative control over the records issued under their name. Screen Gems held the publishing rights to a wealth of material, with the Monkees being offered the first choice of many new songs. Due to the abundance of material numerous tracks were recorded but left unreleased, until Rhino Records started releasing them through the Missing Links series of albums, starting in the late 1980s. A rumor persists that the Monkees were offered","psg_id":"424316"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the Monkees had success handed to them on a silver plate. Indeed, it was not so much righteous indignation but thinly disguised jealousy which motivated the scornful dismissal of what must, in retrospect, be seen as entertaining, imaginative and highly memorable exercise in pop culture. \"Mediaite\" columnist Paul Levinson noted that \"The Monkees were the first example of something created in a medium—in this case, a rock group on television—that jumped off the screen to have big impact in the real world.\" When commenting on the death of Jones on February 29, 2012, \"Time\" magazine contributor James Poniewozik praised the","psg_id":"424418"},{"title":"Washington DC City Pages","text":"Washington DC City Pages Washington DC City Pages, usually referred to as \"DCpages\", is an online community network founded in 1994. DCpages introduced the concept of online community publications in the Washington DC metropolitan area, and celebrated its 10th anniversary on January 1, 2004. DCPages.com has been recognized by Eric Hippeau, Chairman of Ziff Davis as a highly effective tool for promoting organizations. DCPages.com received a Community Award at the Annual Global Information Infrastructure Awards (previously known as the NII Awards). As of 2011, DCpages sources of revenue are paid advertisements and directory listings. DCpages.com's roots stretch back to 1994,","psg_id":"7778939"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the Monkees\" that album sales were outstripping Nielsen ratings, meaning that more people were buying the music than watching the television show, which meant that the producers decided that more attention needed to be paid to the music and that more music needed to be produced for more albums. Sandoval also noted that their second album, \"More of the Monkees\", propelled by their second single, \"I'm a Believer\" b/w \"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\", became the biggest selling LP of their career, spending 70 weeks on the Billboard charts, staying No. 1 for 18 weeks, becoming the third biggest selling","psg_id":"424305"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"be done. We invented double-matted experiences. Polarization hadn't been used in movies before. [...] When it was shown in France, the head of the Cinematheque overly praised the movie as a cinematic masterpiece, and from that point on, this movie began to acquire an underground reputation.\" In 2010, Nick Vernier Band created a digital \"Monkees reunion\" through the release of \"Mister Bob (featuring the Monkees),\" a new song produced under license from Rhino Entertainment, containing vocal samples from the band's recording \"Zilch.\" The contract bridge convention known as either Last Train or Last Train to Clarksville was so named by","psg_id":"424423"},{"title":"Washington DC LDS Stake","text":"with more than 93,000 LDS members in the region.. There are twelve wards (congregations) in the Washington DC Stake, each led by a bishop. The bishops work under the direction of the stake presidency. President James R. Baird served as president of the stake until his untimely death on February 1, 2018. On March 11, 2018, D. Nathan Sheets was called as the new stake president in a special stake conference. Kim O. Golightly and Steven H. Alfandre were called to serve as counselors in the stake presidency at the same time. Washington DC LDS Stake The Washington DC Stake","psg_id":"19410983"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"a songwriter. Dolenz was an actor (his father was veteran character actor George Dolenz) who had starred in the TV series \"Circus Boy\" as a child, using the stage name Mickey Braddock, and he had also played guitar and sung in a band called the Missing Links before the Monkees, which had recorded and released a very minor single, \"Don't Do It\". By that time he was using his real name; he found out about \"The Monkees\" through his agent. During the casting process Don Kirshner, Screen Gems' head of music, was contacted to secure music for the pilot that","psg_id":"424288"},{"title":"The Monkees (album)","text":"You\" \"Sweet Young Thing\" \"Gonna Buy Me a Dog\" \"I Can't Get Her Off My Mind\" (first recorded version) \"I Don't Think You Know Me\" (Micky Dolenz vocal version) \"(Theme from) The Monkees\" (second recorded version) \"I Don't Think You Know Me\" (Michael Nesmith vocal version) \"So Goes Love\" (second recorded version) \"(I Prithee) Do Not Ask for Love\" (alternate mix) \"All the King's Horses\" \"You Just May Be the One\" (first recorded version) \"I Wanna Be Free\" (fast version) \"I Won't Be the Same Without Her\" (mono mix) Works cited The Monkees (album) The Monkees is the first album","psg_id":"5654837"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"the trio, available as a premium for Kool-Aid labels), with Nesmith leaving the group to continue recording songs with his own country-rock group called Michael Nesmith & The First National Band, which he had started recording with on February 10, 1970. His first album with his own band was called \"Magnetic South\", and at the time he left the Monkees in April, he was recording songs for his second album with The First National Band, called \"Loose Salute\". This left Dolenz and Jones to record the bubblegum pop album \"Changes\" as the ninth and final album by the Monkees released","psg_id":"424355"},{"title":"The Monkees","text":"(with a piano intro written by Tork), would shoot to No. 1 on the charts, letting the Monkees hold the No. 1 position in the singles chart and the album chart with Pisces simultaneously. \"Daydream Believer\" used the non-album track \"Goin' Down\" as its B-side, which featured Nesmith and Tork on guitar with Micky on lead vocals. During their 1986 reunion, both \"Headquarters\" and \"Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn & Jones Ltd.\" would return to the charts for 17 weeks. The Monkees decided that they no longer needed Chip Douglas as a producer, and starting in November 1967, they largely produced their","psg_id":"424331"},{"title":"The Monkees (TV series)","text":"episodes would come in too short for air. The producers decided to fill time with various \"extras\", including the Monkees' original screen tests and candid interviews with the group (conducted by Rafelson off-camera); these interviews usually lasted one minute, hence the frequent joke, \"We're a minute short as usual,\" though the episode \"Find the Monkees\" featured a three-minute epilogue interview (in which the Monkees gave their opinions on the then-recently-occurred Sunset Strip curfew riots). Although the early episodes contained a laugh track, which was standard practice at the time, the show eventually did not add one, and most of the","psg_id":"12140598"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Massive Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Ricky Bobby\\\" on a trampoline. Week 6: VMA Challenge: In this episode of America's Best Dance Crew, the final 4 crews danced to an iconic VMA performance. Massive Monkees were in the bottom 2.Their assigned VMA performance was \\\"Tearin' Up My Heart\\\" by *NSYNC, which impressed former N Sync member and judge, JC Chasez. Week 7: Decades Of Dance and Last Chance Challenge: Massive Monkees were eliminated by We Are Heroes. Massive Monkees Massive Monkees is a 28 member b-boy crew from Seattle, Washington that won the 2004 World B-Boy Championships in London and appeared on season four of MTV's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11800209\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"(Theme From) The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"theme song - sung by Boyce and Hart - was recorded for an early production of the pilot episode (16mm black and white). This can be found on the Special Features section of the Monkees Season 1 Box DVD set. A notable line is \\\"We're the young generation, and we've got somethin' to say,\\\" reflecting the youth counterculture of the time. (Theme From) The Monkees \\\"(Theme from) \\\"The Monkees\\\"\\\" is a 1966 popular song, written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart as the theme song for the TV series \\\"The Monkees\\\". Two versions were recorded - one for their first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6991360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"(Theme From) The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"(Theme From) The Monkees \\\"(Theme from) \\\"The Monkees\\\"\\\" is a 1966 popular song, written by Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart as the theme song for the TV series \\\"The Monkees\\\". Two versions were recorded - one for their first album \\\"The Monkees\\\" and a second shorter version designed to open the television show. Both versions feature vocals by Micky Dolenz. The full length version was released as a single in several countries including Australia, where it became a hit, reaching #8. It also made \\\"Billboard Magazine\\\"<nowiki>'</nowiki>s \\\"Hits of the World\\\" chart in both Mexico and Japan, reaching the Top 20\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6991358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees (album)\",\n \"text\": \"(Nesmith wrote or co-wrote these two tracks.) No tracks on the original LP feature participation from all four Monkees. The photos in the \\\"film strip\\\" on the left side of the back cover are from two episodes of \\\"The Monkees\\\" TV series. The first three photos are from \\\"Your Friendly Neighborhood Kidnappers\\\"; the other two are from the episode \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cool\\\". Also included are brief stats on each band member (height, weight, age). Early pressings of the LP cover as well as side 1 of the label featured the misspelled song \\\"Papa Jean's Blues\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654833\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Best of The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"issue dated May 17, 2003, at number 51. It spent six weeks on the chart. Following the death of member Davy Jones on February 29, 2012, it re-entered at No. 20 with 17,000 copies sold (up 7,808 percent according to Nielsen SoundScan) for the week ending March 4, 2012. The album has since been certified Gold for selling 500,000 copies. The Best of The Monkees The Best of the Monkees is a Monkees compilation released by Rhino Entertainment. It contains 25 songs from The Monkees' repertoire, listed in chronological order by release date. Also included is a Bonus karaoke CD\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5669840\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Massive Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Massive Monkees Massive Monkees is a 28 member b-boy crew from Seattle, Washington that won the 2004 World B-Boy Championships in London and appeared on season four of MTV's \\\"America's Best Dance Crew\\\". In 2012 they won the international b-boy competition R-16 Korea and thus became the first American crew to win in the history of the competition. Founded in the mid-'90s, the Massive Monkees have 25 active members including former Binary Star rapper One Be Lo, who performs as the MC at their shows. The crew was created through the merger of the Massive Crew and the Universal Style\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11800201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"(Theme From) The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"in Japan and the Top 10 in Mexico (#2 Jun.17, 1967). It is still played on many oldies radio stations. An Italian version of the song was featured on a Monkees compilation album. Ray Stevens did a version of the Monkees Theme song on his 1985 album \\\"He Thinks He's Ray Stevens\\\" featuring a male German group of singers, Wolfgang and Fritzy, that are arguing during the refrain of the song. (\\\"Hey Hey Bist Du Monkees\\\".) It is based loosely on the Dave Clark Five song (including finger snap intro) \\\"Catch Us If You Can\\\". A slower version of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6991359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Verizon Washington, DC\",\n \"text\": \"all of its operating companies. C&P Telephone Co. was renamed Bell Atlantic Washington, DC, Inc. After Bell Atlantic's merger with GTE in 2000, the system was renamed Verizon, and so were its Bell Operating Companies. Bell Atlantic Washington, DC, Inc., was renamed Verizon Washington, DC, Inc. Verizon Washington, DC The Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Company was founded in June 1883. C&P Telephone Co. provided telephone service to Washington, D.C. In July 1969, President Richard Nixon's telephone call to astronauts on the moon originated from C&P Telephone Co. equipment. After AT&T's 1969 corporate identity overhaul, which included the famous Saul Bass\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17648450\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"group nor unusual in this respect. The Monkees also frequently contributed their own songwriting efforts on their albums and saw their musical skills improve. They ultimately became a self-directed group, playing their own instruments and writing many of their own songs. Noted Monkees and 1960s music historian Andrew Sandoval noted, in \\\"The Hollywood Reporter,\\\" that the Monkees \\\"pioneered the music video format [and band member Mike Nesmith dreamed up the prototype for what would become MTV] and paved the way for every boy band that followed in their wake, from New Kids on the Block to 'N Sync to Jonas\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424413\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Live 1967 (The Monkees album)\",\n \"text\": \"which was included on \\\"Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn, & Jones, Ltd.\\\". Live 1967 (The Monkees album) Live 1967 is a live album by The Monkees, compiled from show dates in Seattle, Portland and Spokane on their 1967 United States tour. The songs mostly feature the Monkees themselves singing and playing, although the \\\"solo spots\\\" for each member feature music by opening act The Sundowners. In 2001, Rhino Handmade Records released all recordings from the Mobile, Spokane, Portland and Seattle shows on a limited edition Monkees CD release, \\\".\\\" During these dates, Davy Jones and Kim Capli of the Sundowners went by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8645954\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the two of them in 1994. Rhino Records (which in August 1994 acquired the complete Monkees back audio and video catalog, as well as the rights to the Monkees name and official logo, under an agreement with Rafelson and Schneider) re-issued all the original LPs on CD, each of which included between three and six bonus tracks of previously unreleased or alternate takes; the first editions came with collectable trading cards. Dolenz, Jones and Tork appeared in a 1995 episode of \\\"Boy Meets World\\\", but not as themselves; Tork appeared in two episodes as Topanga Lawrence's father Jedediah. Their eleventh\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424369\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Best of The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"The Best of The Monkees The Best of the Monkees is a Monkees compilation released by Rhino Entertainment. It contains 25 songs from The Monkees' repertoire, listed in chronological order by release date. Also included is a Bonus karaoke CD with five tracks. Unlike previous Rhino compilations, this one does not include any material from the 1980s or 1990s reunions, focusing strictly on the band's 1960s output. \\\"The Best of the Monkees\\\" replaced \\\"The Monkees Greatest Hits\\\", released in 1995 in anticipation of the band’s 30th Anniversary celebration the following year. The album debuted on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5669839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"show came in 1986, which led to a series of reunion tours and new records. The group has reunited and toured several times since then with different line-ups and varying degrees of success. After Davy Jones died on February 29, 2012, the surviving members reunited for a tour in November–December 2012 and again in 2013 for a 24-date tour. The Monkees continued to tour through their 2016 50th Anniversary, with Dolenz and Tork forming the core of the band and Nesmith continuing to join them occasionally. Dolenz described \\\"The Monkees\\\" as initially being \\\"a TV show about an imaginary band…\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424281\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"would become \\\"The Monkees\\\". Not getting much interest from his usual stable of Brill Building writers, Kirshner assigned Tommy Boyce and Bobby Hart to the project. The duo contributed four demo recordings for the pilot. One of these recordings was \\\"(Theme From) The Monkees\\\" which helped get the series the green light. When \\\"The Monkees\\\" was picked up as a series, development of the musical side of the project accelerated. Columbia-Screen Gems and RCA Victor entered into a joint venture called Colgems Records primarily to distribute Monkees records. Raybert set up a rehearsal space and rented instruments for the group\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424289\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"its inventor, Jeff Meckstroth, after the Monkees' song. There was also \\\"The Monkees\\\" comic published in the United States by Dell Comics, which ran for seventeen issues from 1967 to 1969. In the United Kingdom, a \\\"Daily Mirror\\\" \\\"Crazy Cartoon Book\\\" featured four comic stories as well as four photos of The Monkees, all in black and white; it was published in 1967. In 2000, VH-1 produced the television biopic \\\"Daydream Believers: The Monkees' Story\\\". In 2002, the movie was released on DVD, and featured both commentaries and interviews with Dolenz, Jones and Tork. The aired version did differ from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424424\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harvard Club of Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"Harvard Club of Washington DC The Harvard Club of Washington DC is a private social club operating in Washington, DC. Its membership is essentially restricted to alumni and associates of Harvard University. The Harvard Club of Washington, DC is the third most popular social club in its class in Georgetown. It does not own a physical clubhouse Membership is restricted to recipients of degrees from Harvard University, current students who have participated in an academic program at Harvard University of at least six-week duration, parents of such current students, spouses of deceased members, and those who have completed at least\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17675702\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More of the Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"More of the Monkees More of the Monkees is the second full-length album by the Monkees. It was recorded in late 1966 and released on Colgems label #102 on January 9, 1967. It displaced the band's debut album from the top of the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 chart and remained at No.1 for 18 weeks—the longest of any Monkees album. Combined, the first two Monkees albums were at the top of the \\\"Billboard\\\" chart for 31 consecutive weeks. \\\"More of the Monkees\\\" also went to No.1 in the UK. In the U.S. it has been certified quintuple platinum by the RIAA with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654504\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC\",\n \"text\": \"outreach programs for students. Worldquest is an academic competition with programs geared toward high school students and young professionals in which teams answer questions pertaining to foreign affairs, geography, foreign culture, international organizations, and recent history. Notable speakers at WACDC events have included: World Affairs Council of Washington, DC The World Affairs Council of Washington, DC, founded in 1980, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization in Washington, DC. The group's efforts are aimed at informing and educating the public about contemporary international affairs. Its corporate sponsors include Aramco Service Company, AIG, Raytheon, and ExxonMobil, and it relies primarily on dues from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11874508\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"and yet impressively weird. Both the style and substance of the Monkees were imitated by American boy band Big Time Rush (BTR), who performed in their own television series which -- by admission of series creator Scott Fellows -- was heavily influenced by the Monkees. Similarly to the Monkees, Big Time Rush featured a \\\"made-for-tv\\\" boy band often caught in a series of misadventures, hijinks, and somewhat slapstick comedy. The show, now in reruns but still hugely popular on Teen Nick, is highly stylized and patterned after the Monkees, even capped with similar cartoonish sound effects. Like the Monkees, BTR\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424420\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"album \\\"Justus\\\" was released in 1996. It was the first since 1968 on which all four original members performed and produced. \\\"Justus\\\" was produced by the Monkees, all songs were written by one of the four Monkees, and it was recorded using only the four Monkees for all instruments and vocals, which was the inspiration for the album title and spelling (\\\"Justus\\\" = Just Us). The trio of Dolenz, Jones, and Tork reunited again for a successful 30th anniversary tour of American amphitheaters in 1996, while Nesmith joined them onstage in Los Angeles to promote the new songs from \\\"Justus\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424370\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"single \\\"Oh My My\\\", which was accompanied by a music film promo (produced/directed by Dolenz). Dolenz contributed one of his own compositions, \\\"Midnight Train\\\", which was used in the re-runs of the Monkees TV series. The \\\"Oh My My\\\" b/w \\\"I Love You Better\\\" single from the \\\"Changes\\\" album would be the last single issued under the Monkees name in the United States, until 1986. Originally released in June 1970, \\\"Changes\\\" would first chart in Billboard's Top 200 during the Monkees' 1986 reunion, staying on the charts for 4 weeks. September 22, 1970 marked the final recording session by the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424357\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Live 1967 (The Monkees album)\",\n \"text\": \"Live 1967 (The Monkees album) Live 1967 is a live album by The Monkees, compiled from show dates in Seattle, Portland and Spokane on their 1967 United States tour. The songs mostly feature the Monkees themselves singing and playing, although the \\\"solo spots\\\" for each member feature music by opening act The Sundowners. In 2001, Rhino Handmade Records released all recordings from the Mobile, Spokane, Portland and Seattle shows on a limited edition Monkees CD release, \\\".\\\" During these dates, Davy Jones and Kim Capli of the Sundowners went by themselves to a local recording studio, making \\\"Hard to Believe\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8645953\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fireboats of Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"at her moorings, due to a hidden leak. Fireboats of Washington DC Washington DC has maintained a fleet of fireboats since 1905. Its largest fireboat is the \\\"John Glenn\\\". The city's first two fireboats were both named \\\"\\\"Firefighter\\\"\\\". The first \\\"Firefighter\\\" served from 1905, until 1948. The second \\\"Firefighter\\\" served from 1948, until 1978. In 1978 Washington acquired the John Glenn, formerly operated by the Fire Department of New York. The Fire Department does not name its smaller fireboats, they are, instead, numbered. \\\"Fireboat 3\\\" its most recent fireboat, is long. The city expects a new \\\"Fireboat 2\\\" in late\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20349484\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fireboats of Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"Fireboats of Washington DC Washington DC has maintained a fleet of fireboats since 1905. Its largest fireboat is the \\\"John Glenn\\\". The city's first two fireboats were both named \\\"\\\"Firefighter\\\"\\\". The first \\\"Firefighter\\\" served from 1905, until 1948. The second \\\"Firefighter\\\" served from 1948, until 1978. In 1978 Washington acquired the John Glenn, formerly operated by the Fire Department of New York. The Fire Department does not name its smaller fireboats, they are, instead, numbered. \\\"Fireboat 3\\\" its most recent fireboat, is long. The city expects a new \\\"Fireboat 2\\\" in late September 2017. In September, 2017, \\\"Fireboat 3\\\" sank\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20349483\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"this and all previous Monkees hits compilations were deleted. More Greatest Hits of The Monkees More Greatest Hits of the Monkees is a 1982 greatest hits compilation album of songs by the Monkees, assembled and released by Arista Records. Rather than featuring strictly hit singles, the collection instead featured music from their television series, which was still airing in syndication around the US. This album marks the compilation debut of chart hits \\\"Words\\\" and \\\"The Girl I Knew Somewhere,\\\" which had been overlooked on the previous greatest hits albums. (\\\"Somewhere\\\" had appeared on a compilation by the Laurie House publishers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6548458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the Monkees\\\", without the band's knowledge. Nesmith and Tork were particularly upset when they were on tour in January 1967 and discovered this second album. The Monkees were annoyed at not having even been told of the release in advance, at having their opinions on the track selection ignored, at Kirshner's self-congratulatory liner notes and also because of the amateurish-looking cover art, which was merely a composite of pictures of the four taken for a J.C. Penney clothing advertisement. Indeed, the Monkees had not even been given a copy of the album; they had to buy it from a record\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424312\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harvard Club of Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"one academic year at Harvard University as a professor, instructor, or officer. Current students, recent graduates, and senior graduates enjoy free or discounted memberships. Members of the Club are given reciprocal benefits at 130 Harvard Clubs in the United States and around the world. Harvard Club of Washington DC The Harvard Club of Washington DC is a private social club operating in Washington, DC. Its membership is essentially restricted to alumni and associates of Harvard University. The Harvard Club of Washington, DC is the third most popular social club in its class in Georgetown. It does not own a physical\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17675703\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Sugar, Sugar\\\" in 1967, but declined to record it. Producer and songwriter Jeff Barry, joint writer and composer of \\\"Sugar, Sugar\\\" with Andy Kim, has denied this, saying that the song had not even been written at the time. The Monkees wanted to pick the songs they sang and play on the songs they recorded, and \\\"be\\\" the Monkees. With Kirshner dismissed as musical supervisor, in late February 1967 Nesmith hired former Turtles bassist Douglas Farthing Hatlelid, who was better known by his stage name Chip Douglas, to produce the next Monkees album, which was to be the first Monkees\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424317\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"most lucrative venture the three had ever seen in their days as the Monkees, far surpassing the money they had made in the 1960s. Nesmith had little financial need to join in Monkees-related projects, mostly as his mother Bette Nesmith Graham was the inventor of Liquid Paper, leaving Nesmith an inheritance of over $25 million upon her death in 1980. A new album by the touring trio, \\\"Pool It!\\\" (the Monkees' tenth), appeared the following year and was a moderate success. From 1986 to 1989, the Monkees would conduct major concert tours in the United States, Australia, Japan, and Europe.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424367\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel\",\n \"text\": \"for meetings. Renaissance Washington DC Hotel Renaissance Washington DC Hotel is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., United States. Its construction was completed in 1986. The architect of the building was Smith-Williams Group, who proposed the architectural style of the building, which is postmodern. The building rises to containing 15 stories and 807 units. The building is part of the TechWorld Plaza complex. The hotel began a major renovation of its ballroom and meeting room level in 2013. In March 2017, Cvent, an event management company, ranked the Renaissance Washington DC 89th in its annual list of the top\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12184513\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel\",\n \"text\": \"Renaissance Washington DC Hotel Renaissance Washington DC Hotel is a high-rise building located in Washington, D.C., United States. Its construction was completed in 1986. The architect of the building was Smith-Williams Group, who proposed the architectural style of the building, which is postmodern. The building rises to containing 15 stories and 807 units. The building is part of the TechWorld Plaza complex. The hotel began a major renovation of its ballroom and meeting room level in 2013. In March 2017, Cvent, an event management company, ranked the Renaissance Washington DC 89th in its annual list of the top U.S. hotels\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12184512\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"More Greatest Hits of The Monkees More Greatest Hits of the Monkees is a 1982 greatest hits compilation album of songs by the Monkees, assembled and released by Arista Records. Rather than featuring strictly hit singles, the collection instead featured music from their television series, which was still airing in syndication around the US. This album marks the compilation debut of chart hits \\\"Words\\\" and \\\"The Girl I Knew Somewhere,\\\" which had been overlooked on the previous greatest hits albums. (\\\"Somewhere\\\" had appeared on a compilation by the Laurie House publishers that was only available as mail order, and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6548456\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Washington DC LDS Stake\",\n \"text\": \"Washington DC LDS Stake The Washington DC Stake of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the regional center for Mormon congregations in the Washington, D.C. area and surrounding towns and cities. The Washington DC Stake became the first stake in the mid-Atlantic region on June 30, 1940, with President Ezra Taft Benson serving as the first stake president. Members of the stake at that time lived anywhere from Richmond, Virginia, to Fairview, Pennsylvania, as well as from Maryland's Chesapeake River to Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains. Since then, the original stake has branched off into 24 additional stakes\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19410982\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC\",\n \"text\": \"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC Theater Alliance is a non-profit professional theater in Washington, DC, professionally incorporated in 2000 with the goal of producing work that would illuminate the experiences, philosophies and interests of DC's diverse population. That goal was furthered in 2002, when Theater Alliance moved from its home at the Capitol Hill Arts Workshop to become the sole theater-in-residence at the H Street Playhouse. Once the H Street Playhouse closed, Theater Alliance moved to Southeast DC, where it has been the theater-in-residence at the Anacostia Playhouse since 2013. Theater Alliance has been under the leadership of Producing Artistic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20675454\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"a future double album (eventually to be reduced to \\\"The Monkees Present\\\") on which each Monkee would separately produce one side of a disc. In February 1969, the Monkees' seventh album, \\\"Instant Replay,\\\" without Tork's involvement beyond playing guitar on \\\"I Won't Be the Same Without Her\\\", was released, which reached No. 32 on the charts. The single from the album was \\\"Tear Drop City\\\", which peaked at No. 56 on the U.S. Billboard chart and No. 34 on the Australian chart. According to Rhino Handmade's 2011 Deluxe Edition reissue of this album, Davy Jones told \\\"Melody Maker\\\", \\\"Half of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424347\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More of the Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Mix) \\\"Mr. Webster\\\" (First Recorded Version) \\\"Valleri\\\" (First Recorded Version) \\\"Words\\\" (First Recorded Version) \\\"Look Out (Here Comes Tomorrow)\\\" (TV Mix) \\\"I'll Be Back Up on My Feet\\\" (First Recorded Version) \\\"Tear Drop City\\\" (Early Mix) \\\"Of You\\\" (Mono Mix) \\\"Hold on Girl\\\" (First Recorded Version) \\\"(I Prithee) Do Not Ask for Love (First Recorded Version)\\\" Works cited More of the Monkees More of the Monkees is the second full-length album by the Monkees. It was recorded in late 1966 and released on Colgems label #102 on January 9, 1967. It displaced the band's debut album from the top of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654512\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC\",\n \"text\": \"World Affairs Council of Washington, DC The World Affairs Council of Washington, DC, founded in 1980, is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization in Washington, DC. The group's efforts are aimed at informing and educating the public about contemporary international affairs. Its corporate sponsors include Aramco Service Company, AIG, Raytheon, and ExxonMobil, and it relies primarily on dues from individual and corporate members. The World Affairs Council organizes a number of events in the D.C. area geared toward providing educational opportunities focused on international affairs. These events include public programs featuring journalists, public officials, and foreign policy experts, seminars for educators, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11874507\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Nesmith from the Monkees original incarnation would be their eighth album, \\\"The Monkees Present\\\", released in October 1969, which peaked at No. 100 on the Billboard charts. It would include the Nesmith composed country-rock singles \\\"Listen to the Band\\\" and \\\"Good Clean Fun\\\" (released in September 1969). Other notable songs include the Dolenz composition \\\"Little Girl\\\", which featured Louie Shelton on electric guitar, joining Micky on acoustic guitar, along with \\\"Mommy and Daddy\\\" (B-side to the \\\"Good Clean Fun single) in which he sang about America's treatment of the Native Americans and drug abuse, and in an earlier take, released\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424352\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More of the Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"album's existence while on tour in Cleveland, Ohio, discovering it had already been released. They were dismayed by the cover image of them and offended by production overseer Don Kirshner's liner notes, which praised his team of songwriters before mentioning, almost as an afterthought, the names of the Monkees. The band, particularly Nesmith, was also furious about the songs—selected for the record from 34 that had been recorded—leading Nesmith to later tell \\\"Melody Maker\\\" magazine that \\\"More of the Monkees\\\" was \\\"probably the worst album in the history of the world\\\". The group began to grow concerned over their musical\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654506\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Washington DC City Pages\",\n \"text\": \"use of all its advertising services to nonprofits, musicians, artists and organizations. In 2008, DCpages created the Washington DC Network to use all media types to promote clients’ messages. The Washington DC Network connects clients to as many as two million unique visitors a month. Matt Toledo become the principal programming administrator during this new phase of development. In 2010, DCpages began integration with outside social networks. Washington DC City Pages Washington DC City Pages, usually referred to as \\\"DCpages\\\", is an online community network founded in 1994. DCpages introduced the concept of online community publications in the Washington DC\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7778943\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"& The Monkees\\\" reverted to the recording process of the first two albums (fewer group dynamics), except now each band member was fully in charge of the sessions. Chip Douglas, producer of The Monkees' previous two albums, fully expected to continue as the band's representative in the studio, but found the individual Monkees more interested in exploring their diverse musical backgrounds with their own friends and associates rather than relying on Douglas as the central figure. Douglas continues, \\\"I was ready to do that Boyce & Hart song ‘P.O. Box 9847’ – it sort of had that ‘Paperback Writer’ feel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5675261\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"it was the antithesis of \\\"The Monkees\\\" television show, intended to comprehensively demolish the group's carefully groomed public image. Rafelson and Nicholson's \\\"Ditty Diego-War Chant\\\" (recited at the start of the film by the group), ruthlessly parodies Boyce and Hart's \\\"Monkees Theme\\\". A sparse advertising campaign (with no mention of the Monkees) hurt any chances of the film doing well, and it played briefly in half-filled movie theaters. In the DVD commentary, Nesmith said that everyone associated with the Monkees \\\"had gone crazy\\\" by this time. They were each using the platform of the Monkees to push their own disparate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424340\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"According to Nesmith, it was Dolenz's voice that made the Monkees' sound distinctive, and even during tension-filled times Nesmith and Tork sometimes turned over lead vocal duties to Dolenz on their own compositions, such as Tork's \\\"For Pete's Sake\\\", which became the closing title theme for the second season of the television show. The Monkees' debut and second albums were meant to be a soundtrack to the first season of the TV show, to cash in on the audience. In the 2006 Rhino Deluxe Edition re-issue of their second album, \\\"More of the Monkees\\\", Mike Nesmith stated, \\\"The first album\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424292\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"strong lead voice and sings lead on several Monkees recordings, Dolenz's voice is regarded, particularly by Nesmith, as one of the most distinctive in popular music history and a hallmark of the Monkees' sound. This theoretical lineup was actually depicted once, in the music video for the band's song \\\"Words\\\", which shows Jones on drums, Tork playing lead guitar, Nesmith on bass and Dolenz fronting the group. In concert appearances Tork also took much of the guitar duties, even in appearances with Nesmith, and Dolenz often plays rhythm guitar on stage. Unlike most television shows of the time, \\\"The Monkees\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424298\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees Present\",\n \"text\": \"on the CBS and ABC reruns of \\\"The Monkees\\\" from 1969–1972. \\\"Tracks 1-12: Original album\\\" Previously unissued bonus tracks: \\\"Tracks 1-12: Original album in stereo\\\" Little Girl Good Clean Fun If I Knew Bye Bye Baby Bye Bye Never Tell a Woman Yes Looking for Good Times Ladies Aid Society Listen to the Band French Song Mommy and Daddy Oklahoma Backroom Dancer Pillow Time Calico Girlfriend Samba The Good Earth Listen to the Band [Early Mix] Mommy and Daddy [Early Mix] The Monkees Present - Radio Promo The Monkees Present The Monkees Present (also known as The Monkees Present Micky,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5669951\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"2002, but Tork declined to participate. Jones and Dolenz toured the United States one more time as a duo in 2002, and then split to concentrate on their own individual projects. With different Monkees citing different reasons, the group chose not to mark their 40th anniversary in 2006. In October 2010, Jones stated that a reunion marking the band's 45th anniversary was a possibility. Noted Monkees biographer Andrew Sandoval commented in \\\"The Hollywood Reporter\\\" that he \\\"spent three years cajoling them to look beyond their recent differences (which included putting aside solo projects to fully commit to the Monkees).\\\" \\\"\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424377\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees (album)\",\n \"text\": \"The Monkees (album) The Monkees is the first album by the band The Monkees. It was released in October 1966 by Colgems Records in the United States and RCA Victor in the rest of the world. It was the first of four consecutive U.S. number one albums for the group, taking the top spot on the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 for 13 weeks, after which it was displaced by the band's second album. It also topped the UK charts in 1967. \\\"The Monkees\\\" has been certified quintuple platinum by the RIAA, with sales of over five million copies. The song \\\"Last Train\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654830\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"in my world, and his experience dwarfed my entertainer's life as a hippie, basket-passing folk singer on the Greenwich Village coffee house circuit. If anything, I suppose I was selected for the cast of 'The Monkees' TV show partly as a rough-hewn counterpart to David's sophistication. [...] the Monkees—the group now, not the TV series—took a lot of flack for being 'manufactured,' by which our critics meant that we hadn't grown up together, paying our dues, sleeping five to a room, trying to make it as had the Beatles and Rolling Stones. Furthermore, critics said, the Monkees' first albums—remember albums?—were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"one of the most articulate spokesmen for the new and literate breed of pop musicians who have spring from the loins of primitive rock. [The album] with its carriage trade of symphony, rock, country, western, and swing, and with jazz riding in the caboose, may well indicate where contemporary popular music will be situated in the early 1970s.\\\" Considered by some to be the Monkees' \\\"White Album\\\" period (for example, Sandoval mentions this in the liner notes of Rhino Handmade's 2010 Deluxe reissue of the album), each of the Monkees contributions reflected his own musical tastes, which resulted in an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424333\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the Monkees. Nesmith stated, \\\"One of the things that I really felt was honest was country-rock. I wanted to move the Monkees more into that because ... if we get closer to country music, we'll get closer to blues, and country blues, and so forth. ... It had a lot of un-country things in it: a familiar change from a I major to a VI minor—those kinds of things. So it was a little kind of a new wave country song. It didn't sound like the country songs of the time, which was Buck Owens.\\\" Their next single, \\\"Daydream Believer\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424330\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the fronting role. The four Monkees performed all the instruments and vocals for most of the live set. The most notable exceptions were during each member's solo sections where, during the December 1966 – May 1967 tour, they were backed by the Candy Store Prophets. During the summer 1967 tour of the United States and the UK (from which the \\\"Live 1967\\\" recordings are taken), they were backed by a band called the Sundowners. The Monkees toured Australia and Japan in 1968. The results were far better than expected. Wherever they went, the group was greeted by scenes of fan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424303\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"For the first time since the brief 1986 reunion, Nesmith returned to the concert stage for a tour of the United Kingdom in 1997, highlighted by two sold-out concerts at Wembley Arena in Wembley Park, London. This was a very fitting venue, as from 30 June to 2 July 1967 the Monkees had been the first group to headline on their own at the Empire Pool, as the Arena was then called. The full quartet also appeared in an ABC television special titled \\\"Hey, Hey, It's the Monkees\\\", which was written and directed by Nesmith and spoofed the original series\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424371\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard\",\n \"text\": \"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard The City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard is an 1833 oil painting by the American painter George Cooke. The painting shows a view of Washington DC from Anacostia, across the Anacostia River. To the right of centre are the United States Capitol atop Capitol Hill, and the Washington Navy Yard, with two dry docks, in front of which is anchored a three-masted sailing vessel. To the left are the Washington Arsenal and White House, depicted larger than life to balance the Capitol building. The city around and between the main\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20020697\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard\",\n \"text\": \"Clinton. To date, no subsequent president has brought the painting back to the Oval Office. City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard The City of Washington from Beyond the Navy Yard is an 1833 oil painting by the American painter George Cooke. The painting shows a view of Washington DC from Anacostia, across the Anacostia River. To the right of centre are the United States Capitol atop Capitol Hill, and the Washington Navy Yard, with two dry docks, in front of which is anchored a three-masted sailing vessel. To the left are the Washington Arsenal and White House, depicted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20020699\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"1967, he attended the overdub and mixing session for the Beatles' \\\"Fixing a Hole\\\" at EMI's Abbey Road studio 2. During the 1970s, during Lennon's infamous \\\"lost weekend\\\", Lennon, Ringo Starr, Micky Dolenz, Harry Nilsson and Keith Moon often hung out together, and were collectively known in the press as \\\"The Hollywood Vampires\\\". Paul McCartney can be seen in the 2002 concert film \\\"Back in the U.S.\\\" singing \\\"Hey, Hey, We're The Monkees\\\", the theme from \\\"The Monkees\\\" television show, while backstage. The Monkees \\\"Cuddly Toy\\\" and \\\"Daddy's Song\\\" were written by songwriter Harry Nilsson. \\\"Cuddly Toy\\\" would be recorded\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424404\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"surviving Monkees, two songs feature vocals from Davy Jones. The cover art is provided by the comic book artists Mike and Laura Allred. Controversy hit early in 1967 concerning the Monkees' studio abilities. Dolenz told a reporter that the Wrecking Crew provided the backing tracks for the first two Monkees albums, and that his origin as a drummer was simply that a Monkee had to learn to play the drums, and he only knew the guitar. A January 28, 1967 \\\"Saturday Evening Post\\\" article quoted Nesmith railing against the music creation process. \\\"Do you know how debilitating it is to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424389\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Davy Jones\\\", featuring the single \\\"Rainy Jane\\\" / \\\"Welcome to My Love\\\". Both Jones and Dolenz released multiple singles as solo artists in the years following the original break-up of the Monkees. The duo continued to tour throughout most of the 1970s. Partly because of repeats of the television series \\\"The Monkees\\\" on Saturday mornings and in syndication, \\\"The Monkees Greatest Hits\\\" charted in 1976. The LP, issued by Arista Records, who by this time had possession of the Monkees' master tapes, courtesy of their corporate owner, Screen Gems, was actually a re-packaging of an earlier (1972) compilation LP called\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Monkees in their original incarnation, when Jones and Dolenz recorded \\\"Do It in the Name of Love\\\" and \\\"Lady Jane\\\". Not mixed until February 19, 1971, and released later that year as a single (\\\"Do It in the Name Of Love\\\" b/w \\\"Lady Jane\\\"), the two remaining Monkees then lost the rights to use the name in several countries, the U.S. included. The single was not credited to the Monkees in the U.S., but to a misspelled \\\"Mickey Dolenz and Davy Jones\\\", although in Japan it was issued under the Monkees' name. Jones released a solo album in 1971, titled\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"by the hit singles \\\"Daydream Believer\\\" and \\\"Valleri\\\", along with Nesmith's self-penned top 40 hit \\\"Tapioca Tundra\\\", \\\"The Birds, The Bees & The Monkees\\\" reached No. 3 on the Billboard charts shortly after it was released in April 1968. It was the first album released after NBC announced they were not renewing \\\"The Monkees\\\" for a third season. The album cover—a quaint collage of items looking like a display in a jumble shop or toy store—was chosen over the Monkees' objections. It was the last Monkees' album to be released in separate, dedicated mono and stereo mixes. During the 1986\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424335\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Brothers, while Davy set the stage for future teen idols David Cassidy and Justin Bieber. As pop stars go, you would be hard pressed to find a successful artist who didn't take a page from the Monkees' playbook, even generations later. Monkee money also enabled Rafelson and Schneider to finance \\\"Easy Rider\\\" and \\\"Five Easy Pieces\\\", which made Jack Nicholson a star. In fact, the Monkees series was the opening salvo in a revolution that brought on the New Hollywood cinema, an influence rarely acknowledged but no less impactful.\\\" The \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\" interviewed Davy Jones, who said, \\\"We touched a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424414\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Theater Alliance of Washington, DC\",\n \"text\": \"Director Colin Hovde since 2011. It is now in its 15th season. Overall, the company has earned more than 80 Helen Hayes Award nominations and 13 Helen Hayes Awards, including: Theater Alliance of Washington, DC Theater Alliance is a non-profit professional theater in Washington, DC, professionally incorporated in 2000 with the goal of producing work that would illuminate the experiences, philosophies and interests of DC's diverse population. That goal was furthered in 2002, when Theater Alliance moved from its home at the Capitol Hill Arts Workshop to become the sole theater-in-residence at the H Street Playhouse. Once the H Street\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20675455\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Pickle Brothers. The pilot had the same energy and pace of \\\"The Monkees\\\", but never became a series. In June 1968, Music Supervisor Lester Sill chose to release the two non-album tracks \\\"D.W. Washburn\\\" b/w \\\"It's Nice To Be With You\\\" as the Monkees' next single. The Leiber/Stoller-penned A-side would break into the Top 20, peaking at No. 19 on the charts. After \\\"The Monkees\\\" was canceled in February 1968, Rafelson directed the four Monkees in a feature film, \\\"Head\\\". Schneider was executive producer, and the project was co-written and co-produced by Bob Rafelson with a then relatively unknown Jack\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424338\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"television network, NBC and Columbia had a major hit on their hands. The first long-playing album, \\\"The Monkees\\\", was released a month later, spent 13 weeks at #1 and stayed on the Billboard charts for 78 weeks. Twenty years later, during their reunion, it would spend another 24 weeks on the Billboard charts. This first album is also notable, in addition to containing their debut single, for containing band member Nesmith's first foray into country-rock, \\\"Papa Gene's Blues\\\", which mixed country, rock and Latin flavors. In assigning instruments for purposes of the television show, a dilemma arose as to which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424295\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Changes (The Monkees album)\",\n \"text\": \"being rebroadcast on Saturday mornings by CBS (in which all but two tracks from \\\"Changes\\\" were featured in the reruns), the duo recorded \\\"Do It In The Name Of Love\\\" and \\\"Lady Jane\\\" in September 1970. Instead of appearing under the \\\"Monkees\\\" name on Colgems Records, however, the single was released on Bell Records, the successor label to Colgems, and credited to \\\"Mickey Dolenz and Davy Jones\\\". This was due to the prohibitive costs of licensing the Monkees name in the US; however, in Japan, the record was issued under the name the Monkees. One track recorded during the studio\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5670096\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC Kimpton Hotel Monaco Washington DC is a 183-room high end boutique hotel at the corner of 7th and F Streets Northwest in the Penn Quarter neighborhood of Washington, D.C.. Kimpton Hotel Monaco DC is one of ten Kimpton hotel properties in the Washington Metropolitan Area and is located across the street from the National Portrait Gallery and the Verizon Center. The hotel opened in the summer of 2002 and was named one of the eighty best new hotels in the world in 2003 by \\\"Condé Nast Traveler\\\". In September 2010, Pebblebrook Hotel Trust acquired the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11977657\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"More of the Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"sales of more than five million copies. \\\"More of the Monkees\\\" is also notable for being the first pop/rock album to be the best-selling album of the year in the U.S. Monkeemania had reached full swing by the time the album was released. The Monkees' second single, \\\"I'm a Believer\\\"—included on this album—held the number one position on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 and they were about to embark on a highly successful concert tour. The release of \\\"More of the Monkees\\\" was rushed to capitalize on the band's popularity, catching even its members by surprise. The band learned of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654505\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees Greatest Hits\",\n \"text\": \"The Monkees Greatest Hits The Monkees Greatest Hits is a 1976 greatest hits compilation album of songs by The Monkees released by Arista Records, and a reissue of an earlier Bell Records compilation, \\\"Re-Focus\\\". While the Monkees were among the top-selling bands of the mid-1960s, their decline was sharp and their last new albums and singles sold poorly. Earlier best-of collections (the first two from their original label, Colgems Records) had seen only limited release, and were hard to find in stores. Several of the Monkees' hits had become radio staples, though, and with the sale of their television series\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7240447\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC\",\n \"text\": \"Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC The Kimpton Hotel Palomar Washington DC is a 335-room, high-end boutique hotel located at 2121 P Street Northwest in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC is one of twelve Kimpton hotel properties in the Washington Metropolitan Area and one of eight locations operating in the District. Kimpton opened its first Washington, D.C. hotel in 2000. Opening in 2006, Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC's theme is \\\"Art in Motion\\\". Kimpton Hotel Palomar DC maintains a partnership with The Phillips Collection and Smithsonian Institution. The hotel building was originally owned by Radisson Hotels\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11977643\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees Greatest Hits\",\n \"text\": \"a best-seller, and remained available through the 1980s, with cassette and compact disc editions also appearing. When Rhino Records reissued the entire Monkees catalog during 1995, this and all previous Monkees compilations were deleted. The song selection was largely repeated on Rhino's own \\\"Monkees Greatest Hits\\\" collection, though not all the versions presented were the same. The Monkees Greatest Hits The Monkees Greatest Hits is a 1976 greatest hits compilation album of songs by The Monkees released by Arista Records, and a reissue of an earlier Bell Records compilation, \\\"Re-Focus\\\". While the Monkees were among the top-selling bands of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7240449\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Barrel Full of Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"VPS prefix and listed for $5.98, which was the list price for \\\"full line\\\" single LP records at the time. The Monkees' double set also listed for $5.98 and carried a then-new \\\"SCOS\\\" prefix and new numbering series, \\\"1001,\\\" making it unrelated to any other previous Colgems issue or pricing series. The 20-song collection included 13 of the 14 tracks found on The Monkees' first \\\"Greatest Hits\\\" compilation, the missing exception being \\\"Zor and Zam.\\\" After the closing of Colgems in 1971, \\\"Barrel Full of Monkees\\\" was deleted, with the next Monkees compilation, \\\"Re-Focus\\\", being issued by Colgems' successor, Bell\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7279692\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees (album)\",\n \"text\": \"included on the 2014 Super Deluxe edition of the album. Disc 1 The Original Mono Album The Original Stereo Album Bonus Material Disc 2 The Monkees - Sessions Disc 3 David Jones - The Original Mono Album David Jones - The Singles David Jones - The Original Stereo Album Michael Blessing - The Singles The Monkees – Demos Note \\\"(Theme from) The Monkees\\\" \\\"Saturday's Child\\\" \\\"I Wanna Be Free\\\" \\\"Tomorrow's Gonna Be Another Day\\\" \\\"Papa Gene's Blues\\\" \\\"Take a Giant Step\\\" \\\"Last Train to Clarksville\\\" \\\"This Just Doesn't Seem to be My Day\\\" \\\"Let's Dance On\\\" \\\"I'll Be True to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654836\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"and Minor Threat both recorded versions of \\\"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\\\" and it was often played live by Toy Love. The Japanese new wave pop group the Plastics recorded a synthesizer and drum-machine version of \\\"Last Train to Clarksville\\\" for their 1979 album \\\"Welcome Back.\\\" Glenn A. Baker, author of \\\"Monkeemania: The True Story of the Monkees,\\\" described the Monkees as \\\"rock's first great embarrassment\\\" in 1986: Like an illegitimate child in a respectable family, the Monkees are destined to be regarded forever as rock's first great embarrassment; misunderstood and maligned like a mongrel at a ritzy dog show,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424416\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"by Goffin/King, with lead vocals from Micky Dolenz and backing vocals from Davy Jones, and it reached No. 62 on the Billboard charts. The soundtrack album to the movie, \\\"Head\\\", reached No. 45 on the Billboard charts. Jack Nicholson assembled the film's soundtrack album, weaving dialogue and sound effects from the film in between the songs from the film. The six (plus \\\"Ditty Diego\\\") Monkees songs on the album range from psychedelic pop to straight ahead rockers to Broadway rock to eastern-influenced pop to a folk-rock ballad. Although the Monkees performed \\\"Circle Sky\\\" live in the film, the studio version\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424342\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"album of the 1960s and also returning to the charts in 1986 for another 26 weeks. At the time songwriters Boyce and Hart considered the Monkees to be their project, with Tommy Boyce stating in the 2006 Rhino reissue of \\\"More of the Monkees\\\" that he considered the Monkees to be actors in the television show, while Boyce and Hart were the songwriters and producers doing the records. They wanted Micky to sing the faster songs and have Davy sing the ballads. He also stated in the liner notes that he felt that Michael's country leanings didn't fit in with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424306\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"Tork at the Greek Theatre, in Los Angeles, on September 7, 1986. In September 1988, the three rejoined to play Australia again, Europe and then North America, with that string of tours ending in September 1989. Nesmith again returned at the Universal Amphitheatre, Los Angeles, show on July 10, 1989 and took part in a dedication ceremony at the Hollywood Walk of Fame, when the Monkees received a TV star there in 1989. The sudden revival of the Monkees in 1986 helped move the first official Monkees single since 1971, \\\"That Was Then, This Is Now\\\", to the No. 20\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424365\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"After the end of the 50th Anniversary Tour, Dolenz, Tork, and Nesmith spent 2017 engaging in solo activities. In 2018, Nesmith toured with a revived version of the First National Band and stated that he was in negotiations with promoters to tour again with Dolenz later in the summer. On February 20, the tour was announced as \\\"The Monkees Present: The Mike and Micky Show\\\", their first tour as a duo; Tork declined to participate due to wanting to focus on his new solo album. Though the pair played Monkees music and promoted the tour under the Monkees banner, Nesmith\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424386\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The reaction to the last tour was euphoric\\\", Dolenz told \\\"Rolling Stone\\\" magazine. \\\"It was pretty apparent there was a demand for another one.\\\" A third tour with Nesmith would follow in 2014. In 2014, the Monkees were inducted into the Pop Music Hall of Fame at the 2014 Monkees Convention. At the convention the band announced a 2014 tour of the Eastern and Midwestern US. Dolenz and Tork toured as the Monkees in 2015 without Nesmith's participation. Nesmith stated that he was busy with other ventures, although Dolenz said that \\\"He's always invited.\\\" In February 2016, Dolenz announced that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424383\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the Monkees' image, and although he thought that Peter was a great musician, he had a different process of thinking about songs that weren't right for the Monkees. Music Coordinator Kirshner, though, realizing how important the music was, wanted to move the music in a newer direction than Boyce and Hart to get the best record, and so he decided to move the production to New York where his A-list of writers/producers resided. However, the Monkees had been complaining that the music publishing company would not allow them to play their own instruments on their records, or to use more\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424307\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"businessman to go on a world tour pretending to be the real band. The show includes 18 Monkees songs plus numbers by other 60s artists. It ran in Manchester as part of the \\\"Manchester Gets it First\\\" program until April 14, 2012 before a UK tour. Following its Manchester run, the show appeared in the Glasgow King's Theatre and the Sunderland Empire Theatre. The Monkees The Monkees are an American rock and pop band originally active between 1966 and 1971, with reunion albums and tours in the decades that followed. They were formed in Los Angeles in 1965 by Bob\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424426\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"In 1987, a new television series called \\\"New Monkees\\\" appeared. Four young musicians were placed in a similar series based on the original show, but \\\"updated\\\" for the 1980s. The \\\"New Monkees\\\" left the air after 13 episodes. (Neither Bob Rafelson nor Bert Schneider was involved in the development or production of the series, although it was produced by \\\"Straybert Productions\\\" headed by Steve Blauner, Rafelson and Schneider's partner in BBS Productions.) In the 1990s, the Monkees continued to record new material. In 1993, Dolenz and Jones worked together on a television commercial, and another reunion tour was launched with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424368\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"directly to Kirshner's later venture, \\\"The Archies\\\", which was an animated series—the \\\"stars\\\" existed only on animation cels, with music done by studio musicians, and obviously could not seize creative control over the records issued under their name. Screen Gems held the publishing rights to a wealth of material, with the Monkees being offered the first choice of many new songs. Due to the abundance of material numerous tracks were recorded but left unreleased, until Rhino Records started releasing them through the Missing Links series of albums, starting in the late 1980s. A rumor persists that the Monkees were offered\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424316\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the Monkees had success handed to them on a silver plate. Indeed, it was not so much righteous indignation but thinly disguised jealousy which motivated the scornful dismissal of what must, in retrospect, be seen as entertaining, imaginative and highly memorable exercise in pop culture. \\\"Mediaite\\\" columnist Paul Levinson noted that \\\"The Monkees were the first example of something created in a medium—in this case, a rock group on television—that jumped off the screen to have big impact in the real world.\\\" When commenting on the death of Jones on February 29, 2012, \\\"Time\\\" magazine contributor James Poniewozik praised the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424418\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Washington DC City Pages\",\n \"text\": \"Washington DC City Pages Washington DC City Pages, usually referred to as \\\"DCpages\\\", is an online community network founded in 1994. DCpages introduced the concept of online community publications in the Washington DC metropolitan area, and celebrated its 10th anniversary on January 1, 2004. DCPages.com has been recognized by Eric Hippeau, Chairman of Ziff Davis as a highly effective tool for promoting organizations. DCPages.com received a Community Award at the Annual Global Information Infrastructure Awards (previously known as the NII Awards). As of 2011, DCpages sources of revenue are paid advertisements and directory listings. DCpages.com's roots stretch back to 1994,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7778939\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the Monkees\\\" that album sales were outstripping Nielsen ratings, meaning that more people were buying the music than watching the television show, which meant that the producers decided that more attention needed to be paid to the music and that more music needed to be produced for more albums. Sandoval also noted that their second album, \\\"More of the Monkees\\\", propelled by their second single, \\\"I'm a Believer\\\" b/w \\\"(I'm Not Your) Steppin' Stone\\\", became the biggest selling LP of their career, spending 70 weeks on the Billboard charts, staying No. 1 for 18 weeks, becoming the third biggest selling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424305\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"be done. We invented double-matted experiences. Polarization hadn't been used in movies before. [...] When it was shown in France, the head of the Cinematheque overly praised the movie as a cinematic masterpiece, and from that point on, this movie began to acquire an underground reputation.\\\" In 2010, Nick Vernier Band created a digital \\\"Monkees reunion\\\" through the release of \\\"Mister Bob (featuring the Monkees),\\\" a new song produced under license from Rhino Entertainment, containing vocal samples from the band's recording \\\"Zilch.\\\" The contract bridge convention known as either Last Train or Last Train to Clarksville was so named by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424423\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Washington DC LDS Stake\",\n \"text\": \"with more than 93,000 LDS members in the region.. There are twelve wards (congregations) in the Washington DC Stake, each led by a bishop. The bishops work under the direction of the stake presidency. President James R. Baird served as president of the stake until his untimely death on February 1, 2018. On March 11, 2018, D. Nathan Sheets was called as the new stake president in a special stake conference. Kim O. Golightly and Steven H. Alfandre were called to serve as counselors in the stake presidency at the same time. Washington DC LDS Stake The Washington DC Stake\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19410983\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"a songwriter. Dolenz was an actor (his father was veteran character actor George Dolenz) who had starred in the TV series \\\"Circus Boy\\\" as a child, using the stage name Mickey Braddock, and he had also played guitar and sung in a band called the Missing Links before the Monkees, which had recorded and released a very minor single, \\\"Don't Do It\\\". By that time he was using his real name; he found out about \\\"The Monkees\\\" through his agent. During the casting process Don Kirshner, Screen Gems' head of music, was contacted to secure music for the pilot that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424288\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees (album)\",\n \"text\": \"You\\\" \\\"Sweet Young Thing\\\" \\\"Gonna Buy Me a Dog\\\" \\\"I Can't Get Her Off My Mind\\\" (first recorded version) \\\"I Don't Think You Know Me\\\" (Micky Dolenz vocal version) \\\"(Theme from) The Monkees\\\" (second recorded version) \\\"I Don't Think You Know Me\\\" (Michael Nesmith vocal version) \\\"So Goes Love\\\" (second recorded version) \\\"(I Prithee) Do Not Ask for Love\\\" (alternate mix) \\\"All the King's Horses\\\" \\\"You Just May Be the One\\\" (first recorded version) \\\"I Wanna Be Free\\\" (fast version) \\\"I Won't Be the Same Without Her\\\" (mono mix) Works cited The Monkees (album) The Monkees is the first album\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5654837\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"the trio, available as a premium for Kool-Aid labels), with Nesmith leaving the group to continue recording songs with his own country-rock group called Michael Nesmith & The First National Band, which he had started recording with on February 10, 1970. His first album with his own band was called \\\"Magnetic South\\\", and at the time he left the Monkees in April, he was recording songs for his second album with The First National Band, called \\\"Loose Salute\\\". This left Dolenz and Jones to record the bubblegum pop album \\\"Changes\\\" as the ninth and final album by the Monkees released\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424355\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees\",\n \"text\": \"(with a piano intro written by Tork), would shoot to No. 1 on the charts, letting the Monkees hold the No. 1 position in the singles chart and the album chart with Pisces simultaneously. \\\"Daydream Believer\\\" used the non-album track \\\"Goin' Down\\\" as its B-side, which featured Nesmith and Tork on guitar with Micky on lead vocals. During their 1986 reunion, both \\\"Headquarters\\\" and \\\"Pisces, Aquarius, Capricorn & Jones Ltd.\\\" would return to the charts for 17 weeks. The Monkees decided that they no longer needed Chip Douglas as a producer, and starting in November 1967, they largely produced their\",\n \"psg_id\": \"424331\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Monkees (TV series)\",\n \"text\": \"episodes would come in too short for air. The producers decided to fill time with various \\\"extras\\\", including the Monkees' original screen tests and candid interviews with the group (conducted by Rafelson off-camera); these interviews usually lasted one minute, hence the frequent joke, \\\"We're a minute short as usual,\\\" though the episode \\\"Find the Monkees\\\" featured a three-minute epilogue interview (in which the Monkees gave their opinions on the then-recently-occurred Sunset Strip curfew riots). Although the early episodes contained a laugh track, which was standard practice at the time, the show eventually did not add one, and most of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12140598\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["peter thorkelson","peter tork"],"string":"[\n \"peter thorkelson\",\n \"peter tork\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":82,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in what decade were video recorders first developed?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Video manipulation","text":"have been instances when this technology was used during political campaigns. The proof-of-principle software \"Face2Face\" was developed at Stanford University. Such advanced video manipulation must be ranked alongside and beyond previous examples of deep fakes. The concept of manipulating video can be traced back as far as the 1950s, when the 2 inch Quadruplex tape used in videotape recorders would be manually cut and spliced. After being coated with ferrofluid, the two ends of tape that were to be joined were painted with a mixture of iron filings and carbon tetrachloride, a toxic and carcinogenic compound to make the tracks","psg_id":"20968437"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Video manipulation\",\n \"text\": \"have been instances when this technology was used during political campaigns. The proof-of-principle software \\\"Face2Face\\\" was developed at Stanford University. Such advanced video manipulation must be ranked alongside and beyond previous examples of deep fakes. The concept of manipulating video can be traced back as far as the 1950s, when the 2 inch Quadruplex tape used in videotape recorders would be manually cut and spliced. After being coated with ferrofluid, the two ends of tape that were to be joined were painted with a mixture of iron filings and carbon tetrachloride, a toxic and carcinogenic compound to make the tracks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20968437\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"and info about cast, crew, similar shows – without interrupting your TV experience...When you're not at home, the app still lets you interact with your Premiere for basic management and recording tasks.\" TiVo digital video recorders TiVo digital video recorders encompass a number of digital video recorder (DVR) models that TiVo Corporation designed. Features may vary, but a common feature is that all of the units listed here require TiVo service and use its operating system. TiVo units have been manufactured by various OEMs, including Philips, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, and Humax. Cisco Systems and Samsung joined forces with pay TV","psg_id":"7686012"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"TiVo digital video recorders TiVo digital video recorders encompass a number of digital video recorder (DVR) models that TiVo Corporation designed. Features may vary, but a common feature is that all of the units listed here require TiVo service and use its operating system. TiVo units have been manufactured by various OEMs, including Philips, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, and Humax. Cisco Systems and Samsung joined forces with pay TV Provider Virgin Media (UK-only) to create the Virgin Media TiVo box. The OEMs license the software from TiVo Corporation. To date, there have been six \"series\" of TiVo units produced, with the","psg_id":"7685990"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"They have coax/RF, composite/RCA, and S-Video output, and the DVD systems also have component out. Audio is RCA stereo, and the DVD systems also have digital optical out. Some TiVo systems are integrated with DirecTV receivers. These \"DirecTiVo\" recorders record the incoming satellite MPEG-2 digital stream directly to the hard disk without conversion. Because of this, and the fact that they have two tuners, DirecTiVos are able to record two programs at once. In addition, the lack of digital conversion allows recorded video to be of the same quality as live video. DirecTiVos have no MPEG encoder chip, and can","psg_id":"7685992"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"recorders record the incoming satellite MPEG-2 digital stream directly to hard disk without conversion. Because of this and the fact that they have two tuners, DirecTiVos are able to record two programs at once. In addition, the lack of digital conversion allows recorded video to be of the same quality as live video. DirecTiVos have no MPEG encoder chip, and can only record DirecTV streams. However, DirecTV has disabled the networking capabilities on their systems, meaning DirecTiVo does not offer such features as multi-room viewing or TiVoToGo. Only the standalone systems can be networked without additional unsupported hacking. The HR10-250","psg_id":"7685997"},{"title":"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video","text":"Memphis\" home video. \"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face\" and \"All the Way\" were taken from Dion's 1999 CBS TV special. \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\" spent 47 weeks on the Top Music Video Chart in the United States, peaking at number 15. It was certified Platinum for selling 100,000 copies. But it is undercertified, because according to Nielsen SoundScan it has sold over 300,000 copies till May 2010, and should be 3x Platinum. \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\" reached number 3 on the Australian Music DVD Chart and was","psg_id":"9113088"},{"title":"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited","text":"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited is an acoustic album by rock band The Classic Crime released on October 28, 2014 via BadChristian Music. Like their previous effort, \"Phoenix\" (2012), the album was funded through the website Kickstarter. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album one week prior to its release date. A Kickstarter project entitled \"Help The Classic Crime Make \"What Was Done: Volume One\"\" was created on October 15, 2013 with a funding goal of $15,000. The goal was met within the first two days of","psg_id":"18361841"},{"title":"Video tape recorder","text":"and the Super 8 home motion picture film cartridge in 1966. Before the invention of the video tape recorder, live video was recorded onto motion picture film stock in a process known as telerecording or kinescoping. Although the first quadruplex VTRs record with good quality, the recordings cannot be slowed or freeze-framed, so kinescoping processes continued to be used for about a decade after the development of the first VTRs. In the technique used in all transverse-scan video tape recorders, the recording heads are mounted in a rapidly spinning drum which is pressed against the moving tape, so the heads","psg_id":"2321844"},{"title":"United Western Recorders","text":"Western Recorders. Film soundtracks recorded at the studios include “That Thing You Do”, “The Way We Were”, “Roots”, and “Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil”. \"My Love\" by Petula Clark was the first Billboard number one song recorded at Western Studios. United Western Recorders United Western Recorders was a two-building recording studio complex in Hollywood, which became one of the most successful independent recording studios in the world in the 1960s. The complex came as a merger between neighboring studios United Recording Corp. on 6050 Sunset Boulevard and Western Studio on 6000 Sunset Boulevard. In 1984, United Western","psg_id":"4989272"},{"title":"The Human League Video Single (1983)","text":"The Human League Video Single (1983) The Human League Video Single is a music video compilation by the British synthpop group The Human League, released on VHS and Betamax format tape. Marketed as a \"video single\", it was released in the UK in August 1983. It was the first \"video single\" to be released in the UK, designed to tap into the market created by the new and rapidly increasing popularity of domestic videocassette recorders in the UK. Video albums had already been released earlier in the decade by bands such as Blondie, Electric Light Orchestra, and Duran Duran, though","psg_id":"11735529"},{"title":"Radio Recorders","text":"single engineer on duty. Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s. RCA Victor, Columbia, Capitol, and Decca ultimately had their own facilities, but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists, from Stravinsky to Elvis. In addition, most of the jingles were recorded there. In 1946, the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio, capable of handling approximately fifty musicians. This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex, or, within the industry, just \"The Annex.\" The warehouse originally belonged to","psg_id":"11457688"},{"title":"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited","text":"the project being posted. Crowdfunding process successfully finished on November 13, 2013, with $50,457 pledged. What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited is an acoustic album by rock band The Classic Crime released on October 28, 2014 via BadChristian Music. Like their previous effort, \"Phoenix\" (2012), the album was funded through the website Kickstarter. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album one week prior to its release date. A Kickstarter project entitled \"Help The Classic Crime Make \"What Was Done: Volume One\"\" was created on October 15, 2013 with","psg_id":"18361842"},{"title":"International Video Corporation","text":"& mastering system of their own design starting in the late 1970s, one of the first systems introduced for recording digital audio. Besides VTRs, IVC also manufactured other types of video equipment, such as studio video cameras. They also produced modified video recorders for use in medical and data storage applications. International Video Corporation International Video Corporation, or IVC, was a California company that manufactured several models of low to middle-end videotape recorders, or VTRs, for industrial and professional use. Their products were quite popular in the industrial and institutional markets. IVC 800 series 1 Inch VTR was very popular.","psg_id":"8859258"},{"title":"First video-recording from a submarine","text":"successful video-recording of the inspection of Tenneco’s \"Molly Brown\" 32,500 barrel oil storage unit. Fred Hartdegen, Gulf Coast Operations Manager for Hydro Products, and James Smith, Hydro Products Field Operator, reconfigured a Sony two-inch, helical-scan video-recorder to fit through the hatch of the sub (video-recorders in the 1960s were a relatively new technology and were rather large) and used a “frequency stabilizer” from Cubic Corporation for the power supply. The “frequency stabilizer” converted the sub’s DC power (which varied significantly during maneuvering) to a stable DC which was then electronically converted by crystal oscillators into an AC sine wave with","psg_id":"16445606"},{"title":"Video tape recorder","text":"was believed that if the tape was run at a very high speed it could provide the necessary bandwidth to record the video signal. The problem was that a video signal has a much wider bandwidth than an audio signal does (6 MHz vs 20 kHz), requiring extremely high tape speeds to record it. However, there was another problem. The magnetic head design would not permit bandwidths over 1 meghertz to be recorded regardless of the tape speed. The first efforts at video recording, using recorders similar to audio recorders with fixed heads, were unsuccessful. The first such demonstration of","psg_id":"2321836"},{"title":"Sundown Recorders","text":"tapes were donated to the Provincial Archives of Alberta by musician Jan Randall. Included in the donated material were recordings from the 1970s and 1980s by Hoyt Axton, Bobby Curtola, Gaye Delorme, Gary Fjellgaard, Fosterchild, Hammersmith, Sherry Kennedy, Randy Lloyd, Mavis McCauley, The Models and One Horse Blue, dating from the 1980s. Many of the artists recording at Sundown Recorders were also signed to Vera Cruz Records, which was also owned by Wes Dakus. The studio was integral to the lives of many musicians, and included a sleeping area for musicians who had nowhere else to go. Sundown Recorders Sundown","psg_id":"16788689"},{"title":"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video","text":"certified 8x Platinum (120,000). It was also certified Platinum in the UK (50,000). An extended version of \"All the Way… A Decade of Song & Video\" including six new videos was released as a part of the \"Ultimate Box\" in 2008 in Japan. All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video is the sixth home video by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 20 February 2001. It is a collection of her English-language music videos and live performances, including nine signature singles and seven new tracks. The DVD/CD package containing","psg_id":"9113089"},{"title":"Sunset Sound Recorders","text":"200 Gold records have been recorded at Sunset Sound, including Prince's \"Purple Rain\", the Rolling Stones' \"Exile on Main St.\", the Beach Boys' \"Pet Sounds\", Linda Ronstadt's \"Don't Cry Now\", part of Guns N' Roses' \"Chinese Democracy\", Janis Joplin's posthumously-released \"Pearl\", and hit albums for Elton John, Led Zeppelin and Van Halen. In addition, the Doors recorded their first two albums, \"The Doors\" and \"Strange Days\", at the studio. In 1981, Sunset Sound Recorders owner Camarata purchased The Sound Factory, another Los Angeles recording studio founded by Moonglow Records and later purchased and developed by David Hassinger. The two studios","psg_id":"7689886"},{"title":"Video 2000","text":"Video 2000 recorders, focusing instead on VHS exclusively. Their first home-grown VHS recorder - VR6560 - was virtually a clone of the VR2324, using the VHS format tapes and the usual VHS M-wrap. Curiously, when Philips launched its second-generation home-grown VHS recorders (VR6467, VR6760, etc.) they pioneered the VHS 'U-wrap' (known colloquially as the \"Charly\" deck) and this was used in many Philips-built machines well into the first half of the 1990s. Grundig also used U-wrap in its own VHS decks for a short while before using Panasonic-manufactured decks. Recorders in the format were manufactured by Philips and Grundig and","psg_id":"2059428"},{"title":"2010s in video gaming","text":"early-2013. Several days later, Obama announced stricter legislation on guns and also proposed a $10 million study, to be headed by the CDC, on whether or not violent video games were encouraging violent behavior. According to the Entertainment Software Association, the average age of a person who plays video games in 2010 is 30. Notes: The following gallery highlights hardware used to predominantly play games throughout the 2010s. 2010s in video gaming The 2010s is the current decade of video gaming and the fifth decade in the industry's history. Thus far, the decade has become notable for producing the first","psg_id":"14356541"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"may alternatively be referred to as personal video recorders (PVRs), particularly in Canada. Consumer digital video recorders ReplayTV and TiVo were launched at the 1999 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada. Microsoft also demonstrated a unit with DVR capability, but this did not become available until the end of 1999 for full DVR features in Dish Network's DISHplayer receivers. TiVo shipped their first units on March 31, 1999. ReplayTV won the \"Best of Show\" award in the video category with Netscape co-founder Marc Andreessen as an early investor and board member, but TiVo was more successful commercially. Legal action","psg_id":"2236940"},{"title":"Video CD","text":"offering better quality of image and sound. Video CDs were unable to gain acceptance as a mainstream format in North America, chiefly because the established VHS format was less expensive, offered comparable video quality, and could be recorded over. The advent of recordable CDs, inexpensive recorders, and compatible DVD players spurred VCD acceptance in the US in the late 1990s and early 2000s. However, DVD burners and DVD-Video recorders were available by that time, and equipment and media costs for making DVD-Video fell rapidly. DVD-Video, with its longer run time and much higher quality, quickly overshadowed VCD in areas that","psg_id":"535458"},{"title":"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video","text":"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video is the sixth home video by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 20 February 2001. It is a collection of her English-language music videos and live performances, including nine signature singles and seven new tracks. The DVD/CD package containing also \"All the Way… A Decade of Song\" album was released on 22 September 2003. In February and March 2009, a Visual Milestones DVD edition was released in Europe and Australia. The classics include \"My Heart Will Go On,\" \"Because You Loved Me,\"","psg_id":"9113086"},{"title":"Westbeach Recorders","text":"Westbeach Recorders Westbeach Recorders was a recording studio in Hollywood, California famous for recording punk rock groups, such as Bad Religion, NOFX, Rancid, The Offspring and Pennywise. It was established in 1985 by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz in Culver City, California after he attended recording school, and re-located to Hollywood, California in February 1987. They moved for the final time in 1988 to the former location of Seymour Heller's Producer's Workshop studios on Hollywood Boulevard. In a back room closet at this location, Epitaph Records had its first office. Donnell Cameron became a partner in 1988 and was the","psg_id":"4997477"},{"title":"1990s in video gaming","text":"1990s in video gaming The 1990s were a decade of marked innovation in video gaming. It was a decade of transition from sprite-based graphics to full-fledged 3D graphics and it gave rise to several genres of video games including, but not limited to, the first person shooter, real-time strategy, survival horror, and MMO. Handheld gaming began to become more popular throughout the decade, thanks in part to the release of the Game Boy. Arcade games, although still relatively popular in the early 1990s, begin a decline as home consoles become more common. Starting in 1990 and ending in 1993, the","psg_id":"12249331"},{"title":"Video","text":"replaced by cathode ray tube (CRT) television systems, but several new technologies for video display devices have since been invented. Video was originally exclusively a live technology. Charles Ginsburg led an Ampex research team developing one of the first practical video tape recorder (VTR). In 1951 the first video tape recorder captured live images from television cameras by converting the camera's electrical impulses and saving the information onto magnetic video tape. Video recorders were sold for US $50,000 in 1956, and videotapes cost US $300 per one-hour reel. However, prices gradually dropped over the years; in 1971, Sony began selling","psg_id":"444226"},{"title":"Westbeach Recorders","text":"studio owner/engineer until May 12, 2010, when Westbeach Recorders went out of business. Westbeach Recorders Westbeach Recorders was a recording studio in Hollywood, California famous for recording punk rock groups, such as Bad Religion, NOFX, Rancid, The Offspring and Pennywise. It was established in 1985 by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz in Culver City, California after he attended recording school, and re-located to Hollywood, California in February 1987. They moved for the final time in 1988 to the former location of Seymour Heller's Producer's Workshop studios on Hollywood Boulevard. In a back room closet at this location, Epitaph Records had","psg_id":"4997478"},{"title":"Radio Recorders","text":"Annie Lennox and many more. The facility closed in 2008. Today the sign declaring Radio Recorders a Historic Site still remains on the corner of Santa Monica and Orange. Radio Recorders Radio Recorders, Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard, was a recording studio based in Los Angeles, California. Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday, Charlie Parker, Jimmie Rodgers, Louis Armstrong, Mario Lanza, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Frank Zappa, Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others. In its prime, the studio was considered the best recording facility in Los Angeles. During","psg_id":"11457692"},{"title":"Sundown Recorders","text":"Sundown Recorders Sundown Recorders was a recording studio located in Edmonton, Canada, owned by Canadian recording artist and producer Wes Dakus, that existed from 1972 to 1987. A number of notable Canadian and American artists recorded at the studio, including Hoyt Axton, One Horse Blue, Bobby Curtola, Gary Fjellgaard and Fosterchild. Previously known as Park Lane Studios, Sundown Recorders was opened in 1972 by Wes Dakus, an Edmonton-based musician who had achieved national success in the 1960s as Wes Dakus & The Rebels, one of Canada's preeminent instrumental groups. The studio existed until 1987. In 1992, many of its audio","psg_id":"16788688"},{"title":"The First Decade (1983–1993)","text":"The First Decade (1983–1993) The First Decade (1983–1993) is a compilation album from Christian recording artist Michael W. Smith. This album also features two new songs \"Do You Dream of Me?\" and \"Kentucky Rose\". A follow-up compilation album, \"The Second Decade (1993–2003)\", was released ten years later, picking up where \"The First Decade\" left off. By the time of the release of \"The First Decade,\" Michael W. Smith had amassed thirty-three hit songs on \"CCM\" magazine's Adult Contemporary, CHR, and Inspirational charts, many of which had to be left off of the compilation due to time constraints. These missing hit","psg_id":"8784358"},{"title":"Video recorder scheduling code","text":"Video recorder scheduling code VCR Plus+, G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView are different names for the same scheduling system for programming video recorders. These names are all registered trademarks of Macrovision, whose corporate predecessor, Gemstar, developed these algorithms for use in integrated endecs. Before the advent of on-screen displays, the only interface available for programming a home video recorder was a small VFD, LED or LCD panel and a small number of buttons. Correctly setting up a recording for a specific program was therefore a somewhat complex operation for many people. G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView were introduced in the late 1980s","psg_id":"5910142"},{"title":"Journey Through the Decade","text":"Journey Through the Decade \"Journey Through the Decade\" (stylized \"Journey through the Decade\") is a song by Japanese pop singer Gackt, serving as his thirtieth single released on March 25, 2009. It is his first song performed for \"Kamen Rider Decade\", used as the television series' theme song. It was used as the opening theme song for the 2009 Kamen Rider Series \"Kamen Rider Decade\". It was released as a single CD and as a CD coupled with a DVD with the music video. The theme of \"Journey Through the Decade\" is that it describes the . The music video","psg_id":"13062247"},{"title":"The First Decade (1983–1993)","text":"songs were: In addition to their \"CCM\" chart placements, \"For You\" and \"Somebody Love Me\" also crossed over to the secular radio, with the former peaking at No. 20 on the \"Billboard\" Adult Contemporary charts and No. 60 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and the latter peaking at No. 10 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and No. 71 on the Hot 100. The First Decade (1983–1993) The First Decade (1983–1993) is a compilation album from Christian recording artist Michael W. Smith. This album also features two new songs \"Do You Dream of Me?\" and \"Kentucky Rose\". A follow-up compilation album,","psg_id":"8784359"},{"title":"Golden State Recorders","text":"Golden State Recorders Golden State Recorders was a San Francisco recording studio that was owned by Leo De Gar Kulka. Some of the albums recorded at the studio were Brewer & Shipley's second album \"Weeds\" in 1969, sessions for The Beau Brummels originally recorded between 1964-1966 and released as \"San Fran Sessions\" in 1996, and The Grateful Dead's \"Birth of the Dead\", recorded in 1965 and released in 2003. The recording studio was opened by Kulka when he came to San Francisco in 1964. It was located at 665 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA. It has been alleged in a","psg_id":"18979148"},{"title":"Artisan Sound Recorders","text":"Artisan Sound Recorders Artisan Sound Recorders was one of Southern California's premier disk mastering facilities. It was founded by Robert M. MacLeod Jr. in the 1960s and acquired by Kent Duncan in 1979 when MacLeod retired. In the early 1990s it was sold to Jon Lowry and the mainly mastering operation ceased operation. Hit records by Bone Thugs in Harmony, Eminem, John B continues after 1993. More than 500 Gold & Platinum recordings were mastered at Artisan. Its engineering staff was known for meticulous attention to detail in the tape to disk transfer. Later was known for recording and mixing","psg_id":"7262122"},{"title":"Golden State Recorders","text":"at the College for Recording Arts died on January 14, 2014, aged 65. Golden State Recorders Golden State Recorders was a San Francisco recording studio that was owned by Leo De Gar Kulka. Some of the albums recorded at the studio were Brewer & Shipley's second album \"Weeds\" in 1969, sessions for The Beau Brummels originally recorded between 1964-1966 and released as \"San Fran Sessions\" in 1996, and The Grateful Dead's \"Birth of the Dead\", recorded in 1965 and released in 2003. The recording studio was opened by Kulka when he came to San Francisco in 1964. It was located","psg_id":"18979151"},{"title":"Artisan Sound Recorders","text":"many Hits and great records. Artisan's engineering staff included Bob MacLeod, John Golden, Kevin Gray, Jo Hansch, Jon Lowry, and Aaron Connor. Artisan Sound Recorders Artisan Sound Recorders was one of Southern California's premier disk mastering facilities. It was founded by Robert M. MacLeod Jr. in the 1960s and acquired by Kent Duncan in 1979 when MacLeod retired. In the early 1990s it was sold to Jon Lowry and the mainly mastering operation ceased operation. Hit records by Bone Thugs in Harmony, Eminem, John B continues after 1993. More than 500 Gold & Platinum recordings were mastered at Artisan. Its","psg_id":"7262123"},{"title":"Erhard Kietz","text":"was mainly achieved through the emerging transistor technology and, only a little later, through integrated circuits with rapidly growing complexity. When one sees the current video recording devices, one cannot even imagine anymore how much signal processing is necessary for video recording and play-back. The first video recorders were housed in several cabinets full of electronics. Television video recording was practically a fall-out of the military application. From the end of the 1960s on into the 1980s, Ampex video tape recorders were utilized in television studios all over the world. During his tenure at Ampex Corporation, Dr. Erhard Kietz developed","psg_id":"14194321"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"adapter available from the cable providers. One HDMI port and two sets of component, S-video, and composite outputs are included. The Series 3 is also the first DVR to feature THX-certified audio and video. The unit is also equipped with two USB 2.0 ports, a Fast Ethernet port, and a telephone modem, which are all used to connect to the TiVo service. The built-in wired Ethernet or an optional USB 802.11 wireless adapter can download video on demand from various providers. Multi-room viewing and transferring programs to and from a PC is allowed. HD content may only be transferred between","psg_id":"7686002"},{"title":"United Western Recorders","text":"United Western Recorders United Western Recorders was a two-building recording studio complex in Hollywood, which became one of the most successful independent recording studios in the world in the 1960s. The complex came as a merger between neighboring studios United Recording Corp. on 6050 Sunset Boulevard and Western Studio on 6000 Sunset Boulevard. In 1984, United Western Recorders was succeeded by and renamed as Ocean Way Recording. Starting in 1999, the complex was divided by two individual establishments: Ocean Way Recording (now United Recording Studios) at 6050 Sunset and Cello Studios (now EastWest Studios) at 6000 Sunset. The United Western","psg_id":"4989259"},{"title":"Sunset Sound Recorders","text":"now operate as Sunset Sound and The Sound Factory, respectively. Sunset Sound Recorders Sunset Sound Recorders is a recording studio in Hollywood, California, United States located at 6650 Sunset Boulevard. The Sunset Sound Recorders complex was created by Walt Disney's Director of Recording, Tutti Camarata, from a collection of old commercial and residential buildings. At the encouragement of Disney himself, Camarata began the project in 1958, starting with a former automotive repair garage whose sloping floor would tend to reduce unwanted sonic standing wave reflections. Soon, the audio for many of Disney's early films was being recorded at the studio,","psg_id":"7689887"},{"title":"Sunset Sound Recorders","text":"Sunset Sound Recorders Sunset Sound Recorders is a recording studio in Hollywood, California, United States located at 6650 Sunset Boulevard. The Sunset Sound Recorders complex was created by Walt Disney's Director of Recording, Tutti Camarata, from a collection of old commercial and residential buildings. At the encouragement of Disney himself, Camarata began the project in 1958, starting with a former automotive repair garage whose sloping floor would tend to reduce unwanted sonic standing wave reflections. Soon, the audio for many of Disney's early films was being recorded at the studio, including \"Bedknobs and Broomsticks\", \"Mary Poppins\", and \"101 Dalmatians\". Over","psg_id":"7689885"},{"title":"Command & Conquer: The First Decade","text":"of the GDI's new Predator tank. \"The First Decade\" received a \"Silver\" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 100,000 copies in the United Kingdom. Command & Conquer: The First Decade Command & Conquer: The First Decade is a compilation of the \"Command & Conquer\" series' games published from 1995 to 2003, all bundled into one DVD and updated to run optimally on Windows XP. It was released on February 7, 2006 and sold for the price of one retail game. Also included in the compilation was a bonus DVD which","psg_id":"6711613"},{"title":"1980s in video gaming","text":"in case of a flop, the liability will be on the developer and not the provider. Notes: Note that video game sales numbers were not as visible or accurate during the 1980s, with the exception of NES titles. This table is interesting, but not the definitive word for the entire decade. 1980s in video gaming The second decade in the industry's history was decade of highs and lows for video games. The decade began amidst a boom in the arcade business with giants like Atari still dominating the market since the late-1970s. Another, the rising influence of the home computer,","psg_id":"14141534"},{"title":"Digital video","text":"and Ampex developed prototype digital videotape recorders (VTR) in their research and development labs. Bosch's machine used a modified 1 inch type B videotape transport, and recorded an early form of CCIR 601 digital video. Ampex's prototype digital video recorder used a modified 2 inch Quadruplex videotape VTR (an Ampex AVR-3), but fitted with custom digital video electronics, and a special \"octaplex\" 8-head headwheel (regular analog 2\" Quad machines only used 4 heads). Like standard 2\" Quad, the audio on the Ampex prototype digital machine, nicknamed by its developers as \"Annie\", still recorded the audio in analog as linear tracks","psg_id":"113677"},{"title":"United Western Recorders","text":"recording equipment and custom-made Universal Audio mixing consoles, which were bought by major recording studios. After relocating to Hollywood in 1957, and with the backing of Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra, Putnam first established the United Recording Corp. studio complex at 6050 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. In 1961, he purchased the neighboring Western Studio at 6000 Sunset, remodeling and incorporating the building into the complex. The buildings were then renamed United Western Recorders, and catered to some of the biggest artists of the era, including Frank Sinatra, The Beach Boys, and Elvis Presley. Putnam assembled a talented staff, some of","psg_id":"4989262"},{"title":"Early history of video games","text":"the first strategy video games ever made. \"Hamurabi\" and \"Space Travel\" were among several early mainframe games that were written during the time, and spread beyond their initial mainframe computers to general-purpose languages like BASIC. At the beginning of the 1970s, video games existed almost entirely as novelties passed around by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. The history of video games transitioned into a new era early in the decade, however, with the rise of the commercial video game industry. In 1971, Bill Pitts and Hugh Tuck developed a coin-operated computer","psg_id":"12624277"},{"title":"Downtown Recorders","text":"of the band. Downtown Recorders Downtown Recorders is a recording studio in Boston, Massachusetts. Located in the city's Cyclorama building in the South End, it has been a focal point of the Boston music scene since the studio's inception in 1979 by two local musicians, Mitch Benoff and Benny Kay. Bands such as Georgee, the Pixies, Human Sexual Response and The Real Kids have recorded at the studio. The studio differs from many in that the control booth was installed at an angle to the main recording booth, and that there is no drum booth installed — the drummer performs","psg_id":"9417336"},{"title":"Downtown Recorders","text":"Downtown Recorders Downtown Recorders is a recording studio in Boston, Massachusetts. Located in the city's Cyclorama building in the South End, it has been a focal point of the Boston music scene since the studio's inception in 1979 by two local musicians, Mitch Benoff and Benny Kay. Bands such as Georgee, the Pixies, Human Sexual Response and The Real Kids have recorded at the studio. The studio differs from many in that the control booth was installed at an angle to the main recording booth, and that there is no drum booth installed — the drummer performs with the rest","psg_id":"9417335"},{"title":"2000s (decade)","text":"online console gaming and was on top of the Xbox Live charts until its successor, \"Halo 3\" (for Xbox 360), took over. Some other popular first-person shooters during the 2000s include the Medal of Honor series, with \"\"s release in 2002 bringing the first game in the series to 6th generation consoles. In the late 2000s, motion controlled video games grew in popularity, from the PlayStation 2's EyeToy to Nintendo's successful Wii console. During the decade 3D video games become the staple of the video-game industry, with 2D games nearly fading from the market. Partially 3D and fully 2D games","psg_id":"469724"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"located on the system's exterior while the DVR circuitry resides inside the equipment. Television and video are terms that are sometimes used interchangeably, but differ in their technical meaning. Video is the visual portion of television, whereas television is the combination of video and audio modulated onto a carrier frequency (i.e., a television channel) for delivery. Most DVRs can record both video and audio. The first digital video recorders were designed to record analog television in NTSC, PAL or SECAM formats. To record an analog signal a few steps are required. In the case of a television signal, a television","psg_id":"2236957"},{"title":"What What (In the Butt)","text":"What What (In the Butt) \"What What (In the Butt)\" is a viral video created by Andrew Swant and Bobby Ciraldo for the song of the same name by Samwell. It is known for its numerous camp references to homosexuality and anal sex. The lyrics of the song, a production of Mike Stasny, mostly revolve around the title. The video was made in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and uploaded on Valentine's Day 2007 to YouTube. As of March 2016, the video had over 60 million views. On 5 March 2007, with regard to the Christian imagery in the video, Samwell said, in","psg_id":"10157826"},{"title":"The Next Decade","text":"and a booklet describing Gackt's collaboration with the Kamen Rider Decade production. On its first day of release, it hit #3 on the Oricon Daily Charts after selling 13,000 copies. The Next Decade \"The Next Decade\" is the thirty-fifth single by Japanese musical artist Gackt, released on August 11, 2009. It will be used as the theme song for the Kamen Rider Series film \"\" in which Gackt portrays Riderman. It was released as a CD single and a CD single coupled with a DVD of the music video. The theme of \"The Next Decade\" is that of the .","psg_id":"13555242"},{"title":"What the Hell","text":"video ends with Lavigne and her lover again lying in bed. The video was directed by Marcus Raboy and recorded in 3D. It made its television debut on 23 January 2011, on ABC Family and on UK music channel 4Music. \"The New York Post\" criticized the video with its product placement for Sony and Abbey Dawn. Mawuse Ziegbe of MTV said, \"Avril Lavigne is officially back, and if her latest video 'What The Hell' is anything to go by, she's still brimming with the pop-punk spunk that made her a superstar nearly a decade ago.\" Credits adapted from \"What the","psg_id":"15215419"},{"title":"Video recorder scheduling code","text":"in 1992, but only for six-digit codes or less. Source code for seven and eight digit codes was written in C and Perl and posted anonymously in 2003. Video recorder scheduling code VCR Plus+, G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView are different names for the same scheduling system for programming video recorders. These names are all registered trademarks of Macrovision, whose corporate predecessor, Gemstar, developed these algorithms for use in integrated endecs. Before the advent of on-screen displays, the only interface available for programming a home video recorder was a small VFD, LED or LCD panel and a small number of buttons.","psg_id":"5910146"},{"title":"Love Decade","text":"14 and earning the act a spot performance on \"Top of the Pops\" in 1991, where Jerome Stokes sang live. The act's second single (and its only video for), \"I Feel You,\" would feature the vocals of an up-and-coming artist named Abigail, who was credited on the single as Gail. Love Decade Love Decade (AKA Decadance) were an English electronic music group that was formed in 1991 by DJ/remixer and producer Peter Gill, who did most of the production and writing on the singles that were released during its brief career. Among its members in this project included vocalist Jerome","psg_id":"17483122"},{"title":"Video painting","text":"shape, texture and motion. The next decade will be a rich test-bed for new forms of domestic visual art.\" Video painting Video painting is a form of video art presented via projectors, LCD or other flat panel display and wall-mounted in the same manner as traditional paintings. Video painting is a relatively new concept that was first coined by Brian Eno in the 1980s to refer to his experimentations with long-form video art. It was later developed upon by Hilary Lawson, who published his theory of closure, in his book (2001). Key conventions, according to Lawson, are that the camera","psg_id":"5637460"},{"title":"The Next Decade","text":"The Next Decade \"The Next Decade\" is the thirty-fifth single by Japanese musical artist Gackt, released on August 11, 2009. It will be used as the theme song for the Kamen Rider Series film \"\" in which Gackt portrays Riderman. It was released as a CD single and a CD single coupled with a DVD of the music video. The theme of \"The Next Decade\" is that of the . The music video of \"The Next Decade\" was later released in Stay the Ride Alive, \"special memorial single\" version which is a Digipak with a special cover, a third disc","psg_id":"13555241"},{"title":"2010s in video gaming","text":"2010s in video gaming The 2010s is the current decade of video gaming and the fifth decade in the industry's history. Thus far, the decade has become notable for producing the first truly \"3D\" games and consoles, introducing cloud gaming to consumers, and the rising influence of tablet-based and mobile casual games. The industry remains heavily dominated by the actions of Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft, but it remains unforeseen how their dominance will be affected by the growing smartphone and tablet market. The seventh generation of gaming consoles entered the market in the mid-2000s with the release of the Xbox","psg_id":"14356527"},{"title":"Command & Conquer: The First Decade","text":"create shortcuts for each of the individual games. Many bugs have been reported to be present in Electronic Arts' \"The First Decade\" pack, including some that didn't affect the original releases of the games. EA responded by releasing two patches: v1.01 and v1.02. Furthermore, an unofficial patch, v1.03, has since been released by nathancnc. It does not require the v1.01 or v1.02 patches, as it includes all of the fixes from them plus more and negates the need for the DVD to be in the drive while playing. It is available only for the English version of The First Decade;","psg_id":"6711611"},{"title":"Journey Through the Decade","text":"2012, it was certified as platinum for sales of over 200,000 copies. Journey Through the Decade \"Journey Through the Decade\" (stylized \"Journey through the Decade\") is a song by Japanese pop singer Gackt, serving as his thirtieth single released on March 25, 2009. It is his first song performed for \"Kamen Rider Decade\", used as the television series' theme song. It was used as the opening theme song for the 2009 Kamen Rider Series \"Kamen Rider Decade\". It was released as a single CD and as a CD coupled with a DVD with the music video. The theme of \"Journey","psg_id":"13062249"},{"title":"Command & Conquer: The First Decade","text":"Command & Conquer: The First Decade Command & Conquer: The First Decade is a compilation of the \"Command & Conquer\" series' games published from 1995 to 2003, all bundled into one DVD and updated to run optimally on Windows XP. It was released on February 7, 2006 and sold for the price of one retail game. Also included in the compilation was a bonus DVD which took a look behind the scenes of the successful franchise, including interviews with producers, old concept art, various soundbites, as well as a montage of the winning fan videos of the \"Are You The","psg_id":"6711608"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"be used to capture digital video from a camcorder. Some editing of the resulting DVD is usually possible, such as adding chapter points. Some digital video recorders can now record to solid state flash memory cards (called \"flash camcorders\"). They generally use Secure Digital cards, can include wireless connections (Bluetooth and Wi-Fi), and can play SWF files. There are some digital video recorders that combine video and graphics in real time to the flash card, called DTE or \"direct to edit\". These are used to speed-up the editing workflow in video and television production, since linear videotapes do not then","psg_id":"2236965"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"the patent, which was first filed in 1991, but has been amended several times. On March 23, 2007, Cablevision Systems Corp lost a legal battle against several Hollywood studios and television networks to introduce a network-based digital video recorder service to its subscribers. However, on August 4, 2008, Cablevision won its appeal. John M. Walker Jr., a Second Circuit judge, declared that the technology \"would not directly infringe\" on the media companies' rights. An appeal to the Supreme Court was rejected. In court, the media companies argued that network digital video recorders were tantamount to video-on-demand, and that they should","psg_id":"2236979"},{"title":"2000s in video gaming","text":"from video game to film doesn't always succeed. The 2000s however began to show promise in the profitability and success of making video game-based films.Opening in 2001, \"\" became the highest-grossing video game adaptation with over a US$274 million box office performance. \"Tomb Raider\" held that title for nearly a decade. Other adaptations in the 2000s included the popular \"Resident Evil\" saga, \"Silent Hill\", \"Max Payne\", \"Hitman\", \"Alone in the Dark\", \"DOOM\", \"House of the Dead\", and \"\". The 2000s was also the first decade that the medium has significantly affected classical music. Tommy Tallarico and Jack Wall had a","psg_id":"9688215"},{"title":"What What (In the Butt)","text":"show \"Lily Allen and Friends\" for an interview and performed a live version of \"What What (In the Butt)\" with choreographed dancers. The video was also featured in episode #53 of ADD-TV in Manhattan. \"What What (In the Butt)\" was an official selection at the Milwaukee International Film Festival and the Mix Brasil Film Festival. In June 2010 Samwell appeared on an episode of Comedy Central's \"Tosh.0\", television show about viral videos. The segment told the story of how the \"What What\" video was created, followed by an acoustic duet version of the song by Samwell and Josh Homme, lead","psg_id":"10157828"},{"title":"2000s in video gaming","text":"2000s in video gaming The 2000s in video gaming was a decade that was primarily dominated by Sony, Nintendo, the newcomer Microsoft, and their respective systems. Sega, being Nintendo's main rival in the 1980s and 1990s, left the console market in 2002 in favor of returning to the third party company they once were. Overall the decade saw the last of the low resolution three-dimensional polygons of the 1990s with the emergence of High Definition games, and often focused on developing immersive and interactive environments, implementing realistic physics, and improving artificial intelligence. The sixth generation of video games officially began","psg_id":"9688198"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"sixth series, the Bolt, released in October 2015. The Series1 (retronym) was the original TiVo digital video recorder. Series1 TiVo systems are based on PowerPC processors connected to MPEG-2 encoder/decoder chips and IDE/ATA hard drives. Series1 TiVo units used one or two drives of 13–60 GB. Although not supported by TiVo or equipment manufacturers, larger drives can be added. All standalone TiVo systems have coax/RF-in and an internal cable-ready tuner, analog video input—composite/RCA, and S-Video—for use with an external cable box or satellite receiver. The TiVo unit can use a serial cable or IR blasters to control the external receiver.","psg_id":"7685991"},{"title":"Video, Video","text":"Video, Video \"Video, Video\" was the Danish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982, performed in Danish by Brixx. The song was performed 13th on the night, following Spain's Lucía with \"Él\" and preceding Yugoslavia's Aska with \"Halo, Halo\". At the close of voting, it had received 5 points, placing 17th in a field of 18. The song is in praise of the then-new technology of video recorders, with the singer describing the wealth of viewing he has on tape — everything from Humphrey Bogart to Wimbledon. Indeed, he remarks that \"Susanne\" (possibly a lover) has left him because all","psg_id":"8233700"},{"title":"Radio Recorders","text":"Toni Braxton, Brandy, No Doubt and others recorded there. The documentary \"Standing in the Shadows of Motown\" was also partially filmed there. Kenneth Crouch, Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time. In 2002, the studio gained two new partners, Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas who brought the studio back to life under its original name Radio Recorders. In 2004, the property was declared a historic site by the city of Los Angeles. From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole, Dwight Yoakam, Lucinda Williams, Lil' John, Exzihbit,","psg_id":"11457691"},{"title":"What What (In the Butt)","text":"singer for Queens Of The Stone Age and guitar player for Kyuss. In 2009, the creators of the video, and Samwell himself, claimed that a feature film called \"What What (In the Butt): The Movie\" was in the works. On November 12, 2010, Brownmark Films filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against MTV Networks, South Park Studios, and Viacom for their use of \"What What in the Butt\" in a 2008 \"South Park\" episode. In July 2011, a federal judge decided that South Park's use of the video fell under the fair use exception to copyright law, and thus the defendants","psg_id":"10157829"},{"title":"What What (In the Butt)","text":"did not owe damages. The decision was unusual in a copyright lawsuit because it was made on a motion to dismiss, before summary judgment. The appeal was dismissed by the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals on June 7, 2012. Additionally, the district court awarded attorneys' fees to the defendants because the lawsuit was \"objectively unreasonable\". In January 2013, a behind-the-scenes video was released which showed footage from the original 2006 green screen shoot. What What (In the Butt) \"What What (In the Butt)\" is a viral video created by Andrew Swant and Bobby Ciraldo for the song of the same","psg_id":"10157830"},{"title":"Video nasty","text":"in August 2009, the Video Recordings Act 1984 was repealed and re-enacted without change by the Video Recordings Act 2010. At the time of the introduction of domestic video recorders in the United Kingdom during the 1970s, there was no legislation specifically designed to regulate video content, apart from the Obscene Publications Act 1959 which had been amended in 1977 to cover erotic films. Major film distributors were initially reluctant to embrace the new medium of video for fear of piracy and the video market became flooded with low-budget horror films. Whilst some of these films had been passed by","psg_id":"1420763"},{"title":"Spider-Man in video games","text":"looks of Batman, Rambo and Godzilla, so avoiding a possible lawsuit; a Sega CD version was released, being derived from the altered version. In the 1990s, comics enjoyed a boom, and the early 1990s saw a myriad of video games based on high-profile comic story lines and the 1994 \"Spider-Man: The Animated Series\". \"The Amazing Spider-Man\" was the first game of the decade released, a puzzle oriented action game developed by Oxford Digital Enterprises and released in 1990 for the Amiga and ported to MS-DOS, Commodore 64, and Atari ST. The title was published by Paragon Software Corporation and features","psg_id":"5312933"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"a digital video recorder with its operating system and application software contained in firmware or read-only memory. Hardware features of security DVRs vary between manufacturers and may include but are not necessarily limited to: Software features vary between manufacturers and may include but are not necessarily limited to: Some (very few), but certainly not all, digital video recorders which are designed to send information to a service provider over a telephone line or Internet (or any other way) can gather and send real-time data on users' viewing habits. Digital video recorders are also changing the way television programs advertise products.","psg_id":"2236969"},{"title":"What Were We Thinking Of","text":"Go?\", which is also featured on the parent album. A pop song, the track is about the end of a relationship that has soured over time. Critically, the song was well-received with several music critics calling it one of the best tracks on \"Till I Loved You\". On \"Billboard\"s Adult Contemporary chart in the United States, \"What Were We Thinking Of\" peaked at number 32. \"What Were We Thinking Of\" was taken from Streisand's 25th studio album, \"Till I Loved You\" (1988). The song was written by Antonina Armato and Scott Cutler, and among the first ones to be penned","psg_id":"20301169"},{"title":"What If We Were Real","text":"August 2012. What If We Were Real What If We Were Real is the fourth studio album by CCM singer Mandisa. The album was released on April 5, 2011 on Sparrow Records. This album received a nomination at 54th Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album. Mandisa began work on the album in July 2010. She also co-wrote three songs on the album. The album also features a guest appearance from tobyMac on the song \"Good Morning\". The first single off of the album was \"Stronger\". It peaked at number one on the Hot Christian Songs chart and as","psg_id":"15281065"},{"title":"What If We Were Real","text":"What If We Were Real What If We Were Real is the fourth studio album by CCM singer Mandisa. The album was released on April 5, 2011 on Sparrow Records. This album received a nomination at 54th Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album. Mandisa began work on the album in July 2010. She also co-wrote three songs on the album. The album also features a guest appearance from tobyMac on the song \"Good Morning\". The first single off of the album was \"Stronger\". It peaked at number one on the Hot Christian Songs chart and as of August","psg_id":"15281063"},{"title":"Video gaming in the Czech Republic","text":"when the Ministry of Industry and Trade started to seek ways to kickstart the economy. By 2014, programs were planned to support the video game industry. Another problem is a lack of video game development specialization at any university. Czech video game site Bonusweb made a Survey for the best video game developed in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The victor of the Survey is that received 3866 votes out of 13,143. was second and Vietcong third. The first games were developed in Czechoslovakia during the late 1970s as part of experimentation with SM 52/11 computers. These titles lacked graphics","psg_id":"17873481"},{"title":"2000s in video gaming","text":"had reached over 1 Billion downloads by 2012. 2000s in video gaming The 2000s in video gaming was a decade that was primarily dominated by Sony, Nintendo, the newcomer Microsoft, and their respective systems. Sega, being Nintendo's main rival in the 1980s and 1990s, left the console market in 2002 in favor of returning to the third party company they once were. Overall the decade saw the last of the low resolution three-dimensional polygons of the 1990s with the emergence of High Definition games, and often focused on developing immersive and interactive environments, implementing realistic physics, and improving artificial intelligence.","psg_id":"9688217"},{"title":"1980s in video gaming","text":"1980s in video gaming The second decade in the industry's history was decade of highs and lows for video games. The decade began amidst a boom in the arcade business with giants like Atari still dominating the market since the late-1970s. Another, the rising influence of the home computer, and a lack of quality in the games themselves lead to an implosion of the North American video game market that nearly destroyed the industry. It took home consoles years to recover from the crash, but Nintendo filled in the void with its Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), reviving interest in consoles.","psg_id":"14141524"},{"title":"Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics","text":"heels over 20 tracks that all sound huge and hookless.\" Erlewine concluded the album shows listeners \"why Stereophonics never translated across the Atlantic.\" Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics is a DVD released by Welsh rock band Stereophonics, coinciding with their greatest hits album of the same name. The DVD features all music videos from the band's debut album, \"Word Gets Around\", up to 2007's \"Pull the Pin\", as well as the video for \"You're My Star.\" Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics is a compilation album of greatest hits by","psg_id":"12330531"},{"title":"My Decade","text":"on August 9 with an accompanying music video. \"My Decade\" debuted and peaked at number 4 on the Gaon Album Chart, on the chart issue dated August 6–12, 2017. In its second week, the EP fell to number 9, and after a week off the chart, re-entered in its fourth week at number 10. The EP also debuted and peaked at number 5 on US World Albums, in the week ending August 26, 2017. The EP placed at number 9 on the Gaon Album Chart for the month of August 2017, with 44,684 physical copies sold. My Decade My Decade","psg_id":"20280581"},{"title":"Video","text":"Video Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media. Video was first developed for mechanical television systems, which were quickly replaced by cathode ray tube (CRT) systems which were later replaced by flat panel displays of several types. Video systems vary in display resolution, aspect ratio, refresh rate, color capabilities and other qualities. Analog and digital variants exist and can be carried on a variety of media, including radio broadcast, magnetic tape, optical discs, computer files, and network streaming. Video technology was first developed for mechanical television systems, which were quickly","psg_id":"444225"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"The models can transfer recordings from the built-in hard drive to DVD Video-compliant discs, playable in most modern DVD systems. The video encoding on these models was modified to match the DVD standard so transferring to DVD does not require transcoding. The Series2 standalones can only tune analog signals, so to comply with FCC rules on analog TV phaseout, models that record from over-the-air channels are no longer sold. The dual tuner (DT) models and the TCD542 (a revision of the TCD540) will only record from cable and satellite sources. Some TiVo systems are integrated with DirecTV receivers. These \"DirecTiVo\"","psg_id":"7685996"},{"title":"TiVo digital video recorders","text":"It includes USB ports (for Ethernet and Wi-Fi adapters), a new CPU, and more RAM. The availability of network connectivity has spread to the software side, where new features like TiVoToGo and Home Media Engine applications are now supported. Series2 TiVo systems are based on MIPS processors connected to MPEG-2 encoder/decoder chips and high-capacity IDE/ATA hard drives. Current Series2 units have drives of 40–250GB in size. Although not supported by TiVo or equipment manufacturers, larger drives can be added. All standalone TiVo systems have coax/RF-in and an internal cable-ready tuner, analog video input—composite/RCA, and S-Video—for use with an external cable","psg_id":"7685994"},{"title":"Video gaming in Bangladesh","text":"of the most popular games developed by the Bangladeshi company Rise Up Labs. Video gaming in Bangladesh Video gaming is relatively a new sector in Bangladesh. Games have been developed since 2002, mostly independently. However, from 2014, some IT companies have started to develop video games commercially. Some research has been carried out at various universities for the betterment of the video game development sector. Apple Soft IT is one of the first video game companies in Bangladesh, and was established in 2011. It is a game developing company in Bangladesh. Red Cloud 71 was its first product of Applesoft","psg_id":"18068737"},{"title":"Decade (Neil Young album)","text":"ranging in size from a box set to an entire series of audio and/or video releases. The first release of archival material since \"Decade\" and \"Lucky Thirteen\" would appear in 2006, \"Live at the Fillmore East\", a recording from a 1970 concert featuring Crazy Horse with Danny Whitten. Several other archival live releases followed, and in 2009 the first of several planned multi-disc box sets, \"The Archives Vol. 1 1963–1972\", was issued. In April 2017 \"Decade\" was reissued on vinyl as a limited-edition Record Store Day release, with remastered vinyl and CD editions planned for general release in June 2017.","psg_id":"101582"},{"title":"Video Floppy","text":"under the \"Mavipak\" name in 1981 for their Mavica still video camera (not to be confused with their later line of Mavica digital cameras introduced in the mid-1990s, which stored JPEG images to standard 3.5-inch floppy disks readable by computers instead). The video floppy format was later used by Minolta, Panasonic, and Canon for their still video cameras introduced in the mid-to-late 1980s, such as the Canon Xapshot from 1988 (also known as the Canon Ion in Europe and the Canon Q-PIC in Japan). Besides still video cameras, stand-alone recorders & players were also available for the VF format, that","psg_id":"10426926"},{"title":"Shenmue (video game)","text":"online. Initial reactions were positive, with \"Edge\" describing the game as \"what could be one of the most ambitious and important video game endeavours of the decade\". However, the quick time events angered some fans, who had assumed the game would only use a \"Virtua Fighter\"-style battle system. Sega announced a Japanese release for the second quarter of 1999. At the Tokyo Game Show in March 1999, Sega announced that \"Shenmue\" would span multiple games and allowed the public to play the first game for the first time. At a Japanese consumer show on May 3, 1999, Sega demonstrated the","psg_id":"874309"},{"title":"Video gaming in the United States","text":"game industry continues to grow in the United States to this day. Within the 2010s, a larger shift towards casual and mobile gaming on smartphones and tablets became significant, in part due to a wider demographic of video game players drawing in more female and older players. Continuing from the previous decade, a large number of independently-developed video games emerged as games on par with those from major publishers, made easier to promote and distribute through digital storefronts on personal computers, consoles, and mobile store markets. All three major console manufacturers released next generation consoles: Xbox One, PlayStation 4, and","psg_id":"15579324"},{"title":"Decade of Decadence 81-91","text":"Scream\", \"Angela\", and \"Anarchy in the U.K.\" were reissued on the \"Supersonic and Demonic Relics\" compilation in 1999, and the remixes of \"Live Wire\", \"Piece of Your Action\", \"Home Sweet Home\" and the live version of \"Kickstart My Heart\" were reissued on the \"\" box set. \"Decade of Decadence\" was also released as a video album on VHS on March 24, 1992. The video features new interviews and the band's full catalog of music videos, which were in part previously released on the video albums \"Uncensored\" and \"Dr. Feelgood The Videos\". It includes new live clips, music videos from the","psg_id":"5086362"},{"title":"Digital video recorder","text":"control the user's access to the content of the cable operator. The overall net effect on digital video recorders and related technology is unlikely to be substantial as standalone DVRs are currently readily available on the open market. In Europe Free-To-Air and Pay TV TV gateways with multiple tuners have whole house recording capabilities allowing recording of TV programs to Network Attached Storage or attached USB storage, recorded programs are then shared across the home network to tablet, smartphone, PC, Mac, Smart TV. In 2003 many Satellite and Cable providers introduced dual-tuner digital video recorders. In the UK, BSkyB introduced","psg_id":"2236947"},{"title":"Video gaming in Canada","text":"Video gaming in Canada Canada has the third largest video game industry in terms of employment numbers following those in the US and in Japan, with 20,400 employees, 472 companies, and a direct annual economic impact of nearly $3 billion added to Canada's GDP in 2015. Video game development is beginning to rival the film and television production industry as a major contributor to the economy. Canada has become a major leader in the emerging video game industry. \"Evolution\" and \"BC's Quest for Tires\", both released in 1983, were the first video games developed in Canada that gained substantial commercial","psg_id":"15602315"},{"title":"Music video","text":"this period, most notably Adam and the Ants, Duran Duran and Madonna, owed a great deal of their success to the skillful construction and seductive appeal of their videos. Two key innovations in the development of the modern music video were the development of relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use video recording and editing equipment, and the development of visual effects created with techniques such as image compositing. The advent of high-quality color videotape recorders and portable video cameras coincided with the DIY ethos of the new wave era, enabling many pop acts to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply, in comparison","psg_id":"904699"},{"title":"Video Floppy","text":"recorders & players were also used by television stations and video production studios as a still-store system for stills & graphics for use in a television production, or for on-air slides used for station identification or during technical difficulties (such as a \"Please Stand By\" still). A similar sized disk was also used by the Zenith Minisport laptop computer from 1989, digitally formatted for data storage. The Minisport could store up to 793 KB of information on 2-inch LT format disks called LT-1. Video floppy and LT-1 are not compatible, so media can not be interchanged between drives using video","psg_id":"10426928"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"and info about cast, crew, similar shows – without interrupting your TV experience...When you're not at home, the app still lets you interact with your Premiere for basic management and recording tasks.\\\" TiVo digital video recorders TiVo digital video recorders encompass a number of digital video recorder (DVR) models that TiVo Corporation designed. Features may vary, but a common feature is that all of the units listed here require TiVo service and use its operating system. TiVo units have been manufactured by various OEMs, including Philips, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, and Humax. Cisco Systems and Samsung joined forces with pay TV\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7686012\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"TiVo digital video recorders TiVo digital video recorders encompass a number of digital video recorder (DVR) models that TiVo Corporation designed. Features may vary, but a common feature is that all of the units listed here require TiVo service and use its operating system. TiVo units have been manufactured by various OEMs, including Philips, Sony, Pioneer, Toshiba, and Humax. Cisco Systems and Samsung joined forces with pay TV Provider Virgin Media (UK-only) to create the Virgin Media TiVo box. The OEMs license the software from TiVo Corporation. To date, there have been six \\\"series\\\" of TiVo units produced, with the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685990\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"They have coax/RF, composite/RCA, and S-Video output, and the DVD systems also have component out. Audio is RCA stereo, and the DVD systems also have digital optical out. Some TiVo systems are integrated with DirecTV receivers. These \\\"DirecTiVo\\\" recorders record the incoming satellite MPEG-2 digital stream directly to the hard disk without conversion. Because of this, and the fact that they have two tuners, DirecTiVos are able to record two programs at once. In addition, the lack of digital conversion allows recorded video to be of the same quality as live video. DirecTiVos have no MPEG encoder chip, and can\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685992\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"recorders record the incoming satellite MPEG-2 digital stream directly to hard disk without conversion. Because of this and the fact that they have two tuners, DirecTiVos are able to record two programs at once. In addition, the lack of digital conversion allows recorded video to be of the same quality as live video. DirecTiVos have no MPEG encoder chip, and can only record DirecTV streams. However, DirecTV has disabled the networking capabilities on their systems, meaning DirecTiVo does not offer such features as multi-room viewing or TiVoToGo. Only the standalone systems can be networked without additional unsupported hacking. The HR10-250\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\",\n \"text\": \"Memphis\\\" home video. \\\"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face\\\" and \\\"All the Way\\\" were taken from Dion's 1999 CBS TV special. \\\"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\\\" spent 47 weeks on the Top Music Video Chart in the United States, peaking at number 15. It was certified Platinum for selling 100,000 copies. But it is undercertified, because according to Nielsen SoundScan it has sold over 300,000 copies till May 2010, and should be 3x Platinum. \\\"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\\\" reached number 3 on the Australian Music DVD Chart and was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9113088\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited\",\n \"text\": \"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited is an acoustic album by rock band The Classic Crime released on October 28, 2014 via BadChristian Music. Like their previous effort, \\\"Phoenix\\\" (2012), the album was funded through the website Kickstarter. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album one week prior to its release date. A Kickstarter project entitled \\\"Help The Classic Crime Make \\\"What Was Done: Volume One\\\"\\\" was created on October 15, 2013 with a funding goal of $15,000. The goal was met within the first two days of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18361841\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video tape recorder\",\n \"text\": \"and the Super 8 home motion picture film cartridge in 1966. Before the invention of the video tape recorder, live video was recorded onto motion picture film stock in a process known as telerecording or kinescoping. Although the first quadruplex VTRs record with good quality, the recordings cannot be slowed or freeze-framed, so kinescoping processes continued to be used for about a decade after the development of the first VTRs. In the technique used in all transverse-scan video tape recorders, the recording heads are mounted in a rapidly spinning drum which is pressed against the moving tape, so the heads\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2321844\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United Western Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Western Recorders. Film soundtracks recorded at the studios include “That Thing You Do”, “The Way We Were”, “Roots”, and “Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil”. \\\"My Love\\\" by Petula Clark was the first Billboard number one song recorded at Western Studios. United Western Recorders United Western Recorders was a two-building recording studio complex in Hollywood, which became one of the most successful independent recording studios in the world in the 1960s. The complex came as a merger between neighboring studios United Recording Corp. on 6050 Sunset Boulevard and Western Studio on 6000 Sunset Boulevard. In 1984, United Western\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4989272\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Human League Video Single (1983)\",\n \"text\": \"The Human League Video Single (1983) The Human League Video Single is a music video compilation by the British synthpop group The Human League, released on VHS and Betamax format tape. Marketed as a \\\"video single\\\", it was released in the UK in August 1983. It was the first \\\"video single\\\" to be released in the UK, designed to tap into the market created by the new and rapidly increasing popularity of domestic videocassette recorders in the UK. Video albums had already been released earlier in the decade by bands such as Blondie, Electric Light Orchestra, and Duran Duran, though\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11735529\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Radio Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"single engineer on duty. Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s. RCA Victor, Columbia, Capitol, and Decca ultimately had their own facilities, but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists, from Stravinsky to Elvis. In addition, most of the jingles were recorded there. In 1946, the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio, capable of handling approximately fifty musicians. This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex, or, within the industry, just \\\"The Annex.\\\" The warehouse originally belonged to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11457688\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited\",\n \"text\": \"the project being posted. Crowdfunding process successfully finished on November 13, 2013, with $50,457 pledged. What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited What Was Done, Vol. 1: A Decade Revisited is an acoustic album by rock band The Classic Crime released on October 28, 2014 via BadChristian Music. Like their previous effort, \\\"Phoenix\\\" (2012), the album was funded through the website Kickstarter. Kickstarter backers were able to digitally download the album one week prior to its release date. A Kickstarter project entitled \\\"Help The Classic Crime Make \\\"What Was Done: Volume One\\\"\\\" was created on October 15, 2013 with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18361842\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"International Video Corporation\",\n \"text\": \"& mastering system of their own design starting in the late 1970s, one of the first systems introduced for recording digital audio. Besides VTRs, IVC also manufactured other types of video equipment, such as studio video cameras. They also produced modified video recorders for use in medical and data storage applications. International Video Corporation International Video Corporation, or IVC, was a California company that manufactured several models of low to middle-end videotape recorders, or VTRs, for industrial and professional use. Their products were quite popular in the industrial and institutional markets. IVC 800 series 1 Inch VTR was very popular.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8859258\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First video-recording from a submarine\",\n \"text\": \"successful video-recording of the inspection of Tenneco’s \\\"Molly Brown\\\" 32,500 barrel oil storage unit. Fred Hartdegen, Gulf Coast Operations Manager for Hydro Products, and James Smith, Hydro Products Field Operator, reconfigured a Sony two-inch, helical-scan video-recorder to fit through the hatch of the sub (video-recorders in the 1960s were a relatively new technology and were rather large) and used a “frequency stabilizer” from Cubic Corporation for the power supply. The “frequency stabilizer” converted the sub’s DC power (which varied significantly during maneuvering) to a stable DC which was then electronically converted by crystal oscillators into an AC sine wave with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16445606\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video tape recorder\",\n \"text\": \"was believed that if the tape was run at a very high speed it could provide the necessary bandwidth to record the video signal. The problem was that a video signal has a much wider bandwidth than an audio signal does (6 MHz vs 20 kHz), requiring extremely high tape speeds to record it. However, there was another problem. The magnetic head design would not permit bandwidths over 1 meghertz to be recorded regardless of the tape speed. The first efforts at video recording, using recorders similar to audio recorders with fixed heads, were unsuccessful. The first such demonstration of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2321836\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sundown Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"tapes were donated to the Provincial Archives of Alberta by musician Jan Randall. Included in the donated material were recordings from the 1970s and 1980s by Hoyt Axton, Bobby Curtola, Gaye Delorme, Gary Fjellgaard, Fosterchild, Hammersmith, Sherry Kennedy, Randy Lloyd, Mavis McCauley, The Models and One Horse Blue, dating from the 1980s. Many of the artists recording at Sundown Recorders were also signed to Vera Cruz Records, which was also owned by Wes Dakus. The studio was integral to the lives of many musicians, and included a sleeping area for musicians who had nowhere else to go. Sundown Recorders Sundown\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16788689\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\",\n \"text\": \"certified 8x Platinum (120,000). It was also certified Platinum in the UK (50,000). An extended version of \\\"All the Way… A Decade of Song & Video\\\" including six new videos was released as a part of the \\\"Ultimate Box\\\" in 2008 in Japan. All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video is the sixth home video by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 20 February 2001. It is a collection of her English-language music videos and live performances, including nine signature singles and seven new tracks. The DVD/CD package containing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9113089\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sunset Sound Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"200 Gold records have been recorded at Sunset Sound, including Prince's \\\"Purple Rain\\\", the Rolling Stones' \\\"Exile on Main St.\\\", the Beach Boys' \\\"Pet Sounds\\\", Linda Ronstadt's \\\"Don't Cry Now\\\", part of Guns N' Roses' \\\"Chinese Democracy\\\", Janis Joplin's posthumously-released \\\"Pearl\\\", and hit albums for Elton John, Led Zeppelin and Van Halen. In addition, the Doors recorded their first two albums, \\\"The Doors\\\" and \\\"Strange Days\\\", at the studio. In 1981, Sunset Sound Recorders owner Camarata purchased The Sound Factory, another Los Angeles recording studio founded by Moonglow Records and later purchased and developed by David Hassinger. The two studios\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7689886\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video 2000\",\n \"text\": \"Video 2000 recorders, focusing instead on VHS exclusively. Their first home-grown VHS recorder - VR6560 - was virtually a clone of the VR2324, using the VHS format tapes and the usual VHS M-wrap. Curiously, when Philips launched its second-generation home-grown VHS recorders (VR6467, VR6760, etc.) they pioneered the VHS 'U-wrap' (known colloquially as the \\\"Charly\\\" deck) and this was used in many Philips-built machines well into the first half of the 1990s. Grundig also used U-wrap in its own VHS decks for a short while before using Panasonic-manufactured decks. Recorders in the format were manufactured by Philips and Grundig and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2059428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2010s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"early-2013. Several days later, Obama announced stricter legislation on guns and also proposed a $10 million study, to be headed by the CDC, on whether or not violent video games were encouraging violent behavior. According to the Entertainment Software Association, the average age of a person who plays video games in 2010 is 30. Notes: The following gallery highlights hardware used to predominantly play games throughout the 2010s. 2010s in video gaming The 2010s is the current decade of video gaming and the fifth decade in the industry's history. Thus far, the decade has become notable for producing the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14356541\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"may alternatively be referred to as personal video recorders (PVRs), particularly in Canada. Consumer digital video recorders ReplayTV and TiVo were launched at the 1999 Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, Nevada. Microsoft also demonstrated a unit with DVR capability, but this did not become available until the end of 1999 for full DVR features in Dish Network's DISHplayer receivers. TiVo shipped their first units on March 31, 1999. ReplayTV won the \\\"Best of Show\\\" award in the video category with Netscape co-founder Marc Andreessen as an early investor and board member, but TiVo was more successful commercially. Legal action\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236940\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video CD\",\n \"text\": \"offering better quality of image and sound. Video CDs were unable to gain acceptance as a mainstream format in North America, chiefly because the established VHS format was less expensive, offered comparable video quality, and could be recorded over. The advent of recordable CDs, inexpensive recorders, and compatible DVD players spurred VCD acceptance in the US in the late 1990s and early 2000s. However, DVD burners and DVD-Video recorders were available by that time, and equipment and media costs for making DVD-Video fell rapidly. DVD-Video, with its longer run time and much higher quality, quickly overshadowed VCD in areas that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"535458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video\",\n \"text\": \"All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video All the Way... A Decade of Song & Video is the sixth home video by Canadian singer Celine Dion, released on 20 February 2001. It is a collection of her English-language music videos and live performances, including nine signature singles and seven new tracks. The DVD/CD package containing also \\\"All the Way… A Decade of Song\\\" album was released on 22 September 2003. In February and March 2009, a Visual Milestones DVD edition was released in Europe and Australia. The classics include \\\"My Heart Will Go On,\\\" \\\"Because You Loved Me,\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9113086\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Westbeach Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Westbeach Recorders Westbeach Recorders was a recording studio in Hollywood, California famous for recording punk rock groups, such as Bad Religion, NOFX, Rancid, The Offspring and Pennywise. It was established in 1985 by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz in Culver City, California after he attended recording school, and re-located to Hollywood, California in February 1987. They moved for the final time in 1988 to the former location of Seymour Heller's Producer's Workshop studios on Hollywood Boulevard. In a back room closet at this location, Epitaph Records had its first office. Donnell Cameron became a partner in 1988 and was the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4997477\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1990s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"1990s in video gaming The 1990s were a decade of marked innovation in video gaming. It was a decade of transition from sprite-based graphics to full-fledged 3D graphics and it gave rise to several genres of video games including, but not limited to, the first person shooter, real-time strategy, survival horror, and MMO. Handheld gaming began to become more popular throughout the decade, thanks in part to the release of the Game Boy. Arcade games, although still relatively popular in the early 1990s, begin a decline as home consoles become more common. Starting in 1990 and ending in 1993, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12249331\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video\",\n \"text\": \"replaced by cathode ray tube (CRT) television systems, but several new technologies for video display devices have since been invented. Video was originally exclusively a live technology. Charles Ginsburg led an Ampex research team developing one of the first practical video tape recorder (VTR). In 1951 the first video tape recorder captured live images from television cameras by converting the camera's electrical impulses and saving the information onto magnetic video tape. Video recorders were sold for US $50,000 in 1956, and videotapes cost US $300 per one-hour reel. However, prices gradually dropped over the years; in 1971, Sony began selling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"444226\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Westbeach Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"studio owner/engineer until May 12, 2010, when Westbeach Recorders went out of business. Westbeach Recorders Westbeach Recorders was a recording studio in Hollywood, California famous for recording punk rock groups, such as Bad Religion, NOFX, Rancid, The Offspring and Pennywise. It was established in 1985 by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz in Culver City, California after he attended recording school, and re-located to Hollywood, California in February 1987. They moved for the final time in 1988 to the former location of Seymour Heller's Producer's Workshop studios on Hollywood Boulevard. In a back room closet at this location, Epitaph Records had\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4997478\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Radio Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Annie Lennox and many more. The facility closed in 2008. Today the sign declaring Radio Recorders a Historic Site still remains on the corner of Santa Monica and Orange. Radio Recorders Radio Recorders, Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard, was a recording studio based in Los Angeles, California. Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday, Charlie Parker, Jimmie Rodgers, Louis Armstrong, Mario Lanza, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Frank Zappa, Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others. In its prime, the studio was considered the best recording facility in Los Angeles. During\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11457692\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sundown Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Sundown Recorders Sundown Recorders was a recording studio located in Edmonton, Canada, owned by Canadian recording artist and producer Wes Dakus, that existed from 1972 to 1987. A number of notable Canadian and American artists recorded at the studio, including Hoyt Axton, One Horse Blue, Bobby Curtola, Gary Fjellgaard and Fosterchild. Previously known as Park Lane Studios, Sundown Recorders was opened in 1972 by Wes Dakus, an Edmonton-based musician who had achieved national success in the 1960s as Wes Dakus & The Rebels, one of Canada's preeminent instrumental groups. The studio existed until 1987. In 1992, many of its audio\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16788688\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The First Decade (1983–1993)\",\n \"text\": \"The First Decade (1983–1993) The First Decade (1983–1993) is a compilation album from Christian recording artist Michael W. Smith. This album also features two new songs \\\"Do You Dream of Me?\\\" and \\\"Kentucky Rose\\\". A follow-up compilation album, \\\"The Second Decade (1993–2003)\\\", was released ten years later, picking up where \\\"The First Decade\\\" left off. By the time of the release of \\\"The First Decade,\\\" Michael W. Smith had amassed thirty-three hit songs on \\\"CCM\\\" magazine's Adult Contemporary, CHR, and Inspirational charts, many of which had to be left off of the compilation due to time constraints. These missing hit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8784358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video recorder scheduling code\",\n \"text\": \"Video recorder scheduling code VCR Plus+, G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView are different names for the same scheduling system for programming video recorders. These names are all registered trademarks of Macrovision, whose corporate predecessor, Gemstar, developed these algorithms for use in integrated endecs. Before the advent of on-screen displays, the only interface available for programming a home video recorder was a small VFD, LED or LCD panel and a small number of buttons. Correctly setting up a recording for a specific program was therefore a somewhat complex operation for many people. G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView were introduced in the late 1980s\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5910142\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Journey Through the Decade\",\n \"text\": \"Journey Through the Decade \\\"Journey Through the Decade\\\" (stylized \\\"Journey through the Decade\\\") is a song by Japanese pop singer Gackt, serving as his thirtieth single released on March 25, 2009. It is his first song performed for \\\"Kamen Rider Decade\\\", used as the television series' theme song. It was used as the opening theme song for the 2009 Kamen Rider Series \\\"Kamen Rider Decade\\\". It was released as a single CD and as a CD coupled with a DVD with the music video. The theme of \\\"Journey Through the Decade\\\" is that it describes the . The music video\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13062247\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The First Decade (1983–1993)\",\n \"text\": \"songs were: In addition to their \\\"CCM\\\" chart placements, \\\"For You\\\" and \\\"Somebody Love Me\\\" also crossed over to the secular radio, with the former peaking at No. 20 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Adult Contemporary charts and No. 60 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, and the latter peaking at No. 10 on the Adult Contemporary chart, and No. 71 on the Hot 100. The First Decade (1983–1993) The First Decade (1983–1993) is a compilation album from Christian recording artist Michael W. Smith. This album also features two new songs \\\"Do You Dream of Me?\\\" and \\\"Kentucky Rose\\\". A follow-up compilation album,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8784359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Golden State Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Golden State Recorders Golden State Recorders was a San Francisco recording studio that was owned by Leo De Gar Kulka. Some of the albums recorded at the studio were Brewer & Shipley's second album \\\"Weeds\\\" in 1969, sessions for The Beau Brummels originally recorded between 1964-1966 and released as \\\"San Fran Sessions\\\" in 1996, and The Grateful Dead's \\\"Birth of the Dead\\\", recorded in 1965 and released in 2003. The recording studio was opened by Kulka when he came to San Francisco in 1964. It was located at 665 Harrison Street, San Francisco, CA. It has been alleged in a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18979148\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Artisan Sound Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Artisan Sound Recorders Artisan Sound Recorders was one of Southern California's premier disk mastering facilities. It was founded by Robert M. MacLeod Jr. in the 1960s and acquired by Kent Duncan in 1979 when MacLeod retired. In the early 1990s it was sold to Jon Lowry and the mainly mastering operation ceased operation. Hit records by Bone Thugs in Harmony, Eminem, John B continues after 1993. More than 500 Gold & Platinum recordings were mastered at Artisan. Its engineering staff was known for meticulous attention to detail in the tape to disk transfer. Later was known for recording and mixing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7262122\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Golden State Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"at the College for Recording Arts died on January 14, 2014, aged 65. Golden State Recorders Golden State Recorders was a San Francisco recording studio that was owned by Leo De Gar Kulka. Some of the albums recorded at the studio were Brewer & Shipley's second album \\\"Weeds\\\" in 1969, sessions for The Beau Brummels originally recorded between 1964-1966 and released as \\\"San Fran Sessions\\\" in 1996, and The Grateful Dead's \\\"Birth of the Dead\\\", recorded in 1965 and released in 2003. The recording studio was opened by Kulka when he came to San Francisco in 1964. It was located\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18979151\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Artisan Sound Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"many Hits and great records. Artisan's engineering staff included Bob MacLeod, John Golden, Kevin Gray, Jo Hansch, Jon Lowry, and Aaron Connor. Artisan Sound Recorders Artisan Sound Recorders was one of Southern California's premier disk mastering facilities. It was founded by Robert M. MacLeod Jr. in the 1960s and acquired by Kent Duncan in 1979 when MacLeod retired. In the early 1990s it was sold to Jon Lowry and the mainly mastering operation ceased operation. Hit records by Bone Thugs in Harmony, Eminem, John B continues after 1993. More than 500 Gold & Platinum recordings were mastered at Artisan. Its\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7262123\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Erhard Kietz\",\n \"text\": \"was mainly achieved through the emerging transistor technology and, only a little later, through integrated circuits with rapidly growing complexity. When one sees the current video recording devices, one cannot even imagine anymore how much signal processing is necessary for video recording and play-back. The first video recorders were housed in several cabinets full of electronics. Television video recording was practically a fall-out of the military application. From the end of the 1960s on into the 1980s, Ampex video tape recorders were utilized in television studios all over the world. During his tenure at Ampex Corporation, Dr. Erhard Kietz developed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14194321\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"adapter available from the cable providers. One HDMI port and two sets of component, S-video, and composite outputs are included. The Series 3 is also the first DVR to feature THX-certified audio and video. The unit is also equipped with two USB 2.0 ports, a Fast Ethernet port, and a telephone modem, which are all used to connect to the TiVo service. The built-in wired Ethernet or an optional USB 802.11 wireless adapter can download video on demand from various providers. Multi-room viewing and transferring programs to and from a PC is allowed. HD content may only be transferred between\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7686002\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United Western Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"United Western Recorders United Western Recorders was a two-building recording studio complex in Hollywood, which became one of the most successful independent recording studios in the world in the 1960s. The complex came as a merger between neighboring studios United Recording Corp. on 6050 Sunset Boulevard and Western Studio on 6000 Sunset Boulevard. In 1984, United Western Recorders was succeeded by and renamed as Ocean Way Recording. Starting in 1999, the complex was divided by two individual establishments: Ocean Way Recording (now United Recording Studios) at 6050 Sunset and Cello Studios (now EastWest Studios) at 6000 Sunset. The United Western\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4989259\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sunset Sound Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"now operate as Sunset Sound and The Sound Factory, respectively. Sunset Sound Recorders Sunset Sound Recorders is a recording studio in Hollywood, California, United States located at 6650 Sunset Boulevard. The Sunset Sound Recorders complex was created by Walt Disney's Director of Recording, Tutti Camarata, from a collection of old commercial and residential buildings. At the encouragement of Disney himself, Camarata began the project in 1958, starting with a former automotive repair garage whose sloping floor would tend to reduce unwanted sonic standing wave reflections. Soon, the audio for many of Disney's early films was being recorded at the studio,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7689887\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sunset Sound Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Sunset Sound Recorders Sunset Sound Recorders is a recording studio in Hollywood, California, United States located at 6650 Sunset Boulevard. The Sunset Sound Recorders complex was created by Walt Disney's Director of Recording, Tutti Camarata, from a collection of old commercial and residential buildings. At the encouragement of Disney himself, Camarata began the project in 1958, starting with a former automotive repair garage whose sloping floor would tend to reduce unwanted sonic standing wave reflections. Soon, the audio for many of Disney's early films was being recorded at the studio, including \\\"Bedknobs and Broomsticks\\\", \\\"Mary Poppins\\\", and \\\"101 Dalmatians\\\". Over\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7689885\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Command & Conquer: The First Decade\",\n \"text\": \"of the GDI's new Predator tank. \\\"The First Decade\\\" received a \\\"Silver\\\" sales award from the Entertainment and Leisure Software Publishers Association (ELSPA), indicating sales of at least 100,000 copies in the United Kingdom. Command & Conquer: The First Decade Command & Conquer: The First Decade is a compilation of the \\\"Command & Conquer\\\" series' games published from 1995 to 2003, all bundled into one DVD and updated to run optimally on Windows XP. It was released on February 7, 2006 and sold for the price of one retail game. Also included in the compilation was a bonus DVD which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6711613\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1980s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"in case of a flop, the liability will be on the developer and not the provider. Notes: Note that video game sales numbers were not as visible or accurate during the 1980s, with the exception of NES titles. This table is interesting, but not the definitive word for the entire decade. 1980s in video gaming The second decade in the industry's history was decade of highs and lows for video games. The decade began amidst a boom in the arcade business with giants like Atari still dominating the market since the late-1970s. Another, the rising influence of the home computer,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14141534\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video\",\n \"text\": \"and Ampex developed prototype digital videotape recorders (VTR) in their research and development labs. Bosch's machine used a modified 1 inch type B videotape transport, and recorded an early form of CCIR 601 digital video. Ampex's prototype digital video recorder used a modified 2 inch Quadruplex videotape VTR (an Ampex AVR-3), but fitted with custom digital video electronics, and a special \\\"octaplex\\\" 8-head headwheel (regular analog 2\\\" Quad machines only used 4 heads). Like standard 2\\\" Quad, the audio on the Ampex prototype digital machine, nicknamed by its developers as \\\"Annie\\\", still recorded the audio in analog as linear tracks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"113677\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United Western Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"recording equipment and custom-made Universal Audio mixing consoles, which were bought by major recording studios. After relocating to Hollywood in 1957, and with the backing of Bing Crosby and Frank Sinatra, Putnam first established the United Recording Corp. studio complex at 6050 Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood. In 1961, he purchased the neighboring Western Studio at 6000 Sunset, remodeling and incorporating the building into the complex. The buildings were then renamed United Western Recorders, and catered to some of the biggest artists of the era, including Frank Sinatra, The Beach Boys, and Elvis Presley. Putnam assembled a talented staff, some of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4989262\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Early history of video games\",\n \"text\": \"the first strategy video games ever made. \\\"Hamurabi\\\" and \\\"Space Travel\\\" were among several early mainframe games that were written during the time, and spread beyond their initial mainframe computers to general-purpose languages like BASIC. At the beginning of the 1970s, video games existed almost entirely as novelties passed around by programmers and technicians with access to computers, primarily at research institutions and large companies. The history of video games transitioned into a new era early in the decade, however, with the rise of the commercial video game industry. In 1971, Bill Pitts and Hugh Tuck developed a coin-operated computer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12624277\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Downtown Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"of the band. Downtown Recorders Downtown Recorders is a recording studio in Boston, Massachusetts. Located in the city's Cyclorama building in the South End, it has been a focal point of the Boston music scene since the studio's inception in 1979 by two local musicians, Mitch Benoff and Benny Kay. Bands such as Georgee, the Pixies, Human Sexual Response and The Real Kids have recorded at the studio. The studio differs from many in that the control booth was installed at an angle to the main recording booth, and that there is no drum booth installed — the drummer performs\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9417336\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Downtown Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Downtown Recorders Downtown Recorders is a recording studio in Boston, Massachusetts. Located in the city's Cyclorama building in the South End, it has been a focal point of the Boston music scene since the studio's inception in 1979 by two local musicians, Mitch Benoff and Benny Kay. Bands such as Georgee, the Pixies, Human Sexual Response and The Real Kids have recorded at the studio. The studio differs from many in that the control booth was installed at an angle to the main recording booth, and that there is no drum booth installed — the drummer performs with the rest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9417335\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2000s (decade)\",\n \"text\": \"online console gaming and was on top of the Xbox Live charts until its successor, \\\"Halo 3\\\" (for Xbox 360), took over. Some other popular first-person shooters during the 2000s include the Medal of Honor series, with \\\"\\\"s release in 2002 bringing the first game in the series to 6th generation consoles. In the late 2000s, motion controlled video games grew in popularity, from the PlayStation 2's EyeToy to Nintendo's successful Wii console. During the decade 3D video games become the staple of the video-game industry, with 2D games nearly fading from the market. Partially 3D and fully 2D games\",\n \"psg_id\": \"469724\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"located on the system's exterior while the DVR circuitry resides inside the equipment. Television and video are terms that are sometimes used interchangeably, but differ in their technical meaning. Video is the visual portion of television, whereas television is the combination of video and audio modulated onto a carrier frequency (i.e., a television channel) for delivery. Most DVRs can record both video and audio. The first digital video recorders were designed to record analog television in NTSC, PAL or SECAM formats. To record an analog signal a few steps are required. In the case of a television signal, a television\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236957\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What What (In the Butt)\",\n \"text\": \"What What (In the Butt) \\\"What What (In the Butt)\\\" is a viral video created by Andrew Swant and Bobby Ciraldo for the song of the same name by Samwell. It is known for its numerous camp references to homosexuality and anal sex. The lyrics of the song, a production of Mike Stasny, mostly revolve around the title. The video was made in Milwaukee, Wisconsin and uploaded on Valentine's Day 2007 to YouTube. As of March 2016, the video had over 60 million views. On 5 March 2007, with regard to the Christian imagery in the video, Samwell said, in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10157826\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Next Decade\",\n \"text\": \"and a booklet describing Gackt's collaboration with the Kamen Rider Decade production. On its first day of release, it hit #3 on the Oricon Daily Charts after selling 13,000 copies. The Next Decade \\\"The Next Decade\\\" is the thirty-fifth single by Japanese musical artist Gackt, released on August 11, 2009. It will be used as the theme song for the Kamen Rider Series film \\\"\\\" in which Gackt portrays Riderman. It was released as a CD single and a CD single coupled with a DVD of the music video. The theme of \\\"The Next Decade\\\" is that of the .\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13555242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What the Hell\",\n \"text\": \"video ends with Lavigne and her lover again lying in bed. The video was directed by Marcus Raboy and recorded in 3D. It made its television debut on 23 January 2011, on ABC Family and on UK music channel 4Music. \\\"The New York Post\\\" criticized the video with its product placement for Sony and Abbey Dawn. Mawuse Ziegbe of MTV said, \\\"Avril Lavigne is officially back, and if her latest video 'What The Hell' is anything to go by, she's still brimming with the pop-punk spunk that made her a superstar nearly a decade ago.\\\" Credits adapted from \\\"What the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15215419\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video recorder scheduling code\",\n \"text\": \"in 1992, but only for six-digit codes or less. Source code for seven and eight digit codes was written in C and Perl and posted anonymously in 2003. Video recorder scheduling code VCR Plus+, G-Code, VideoPlus+ and ShowView are different names for the same scheduling system for programming video recorders. These names are all registered trademarks of Macrovision, whose corporate predecessor, Gemstar, developed these algorithms for use in integrated endecs. Before the advent of on-screen displays, the only interface available for programming a home video recorder was a small VFD, LED or LCD panel and a small number of buttons.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5910146\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Love Decade\",\n \"text\": \"14 and earning the act a spot performance on \\\"Top of the Pops\\\" in 1991, where Jerome Stokes sang live. The act's second single (and its only video for), \\\"I Feel You,\\\" would feature the vocals of an up-and-coming artist named Abigail, who was credited on the single as Gail. Love Decade Love Decade (AKA Decadance) were an English electronic music group that was formed in 1991 by DJ/remixer and producer Peter Gill, who did most of the production and writing on the singles that were released during its brief career. Among its members in this project included vocalist Jerome\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17483122\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video painting\",\n \"text\": \"shape, texture and motion. The next decade will be a rich test-bed for new forms of domestic visual art.\\\" Video painting Video painting is a form of video art presented via projectors, LCD or other flat panel display and wall-mounted in the same manner as traditional paintings. Video painting is a relatively new concept that was first coined by Brian Eno in the 1980s to refer to his experimentations with long-form video art. It was later developed upon by Hilary Lawson, who published his theory of closure, in his book (2001). Key conventions, according to Lawson, are that the camera\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5637460\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Next Decade\",\n \"text\": \"The Next Decade \\\"The Next Decade\\\" is the thirty-fifth single by Japanese musical artist Gackt, released on August 11, 2009. It will be used as the theme song for the Kamen Rider Series film \\\"\\\" in which Gackt portrays Riderman. It was released as a CD single and a CD single coupled with a DVD of the music video. The theme of \\\"The Next Decade\\\" is that of the . The music video of \\\"The Next Decade\\\" was later released in Stay the Ride Alive, \\\"special memorial single\\\" version which is a Digipak with a special cover, a third disc\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13555241\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2010s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"2010s in video gaming The 2010s is the current decade of video gaming and the fifth decade in the industry's history. Thus far, the decade has become notable for producing the first truly \\\"3D\\\" games and consoles, introducing cloud gaming to consumers, and the rising influence of tablet-based and mobile casual games. The industry remains heavily dominated by the actions of Nintendo, Sony, and Microsoft, but it remains unforeseen how their dominance will be affected by the growing smartphone and tablet market. The seventh generation of gaming consoles entered the market in the mid-2000s with the release of the Xbox\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14356527\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Command & Conquer: The First Decade\",\n \"text\": \"create shortcuts for each of the individual games. Many bugs have been reported to be present in Electronic Arts' \\\"The First Decade\\\" pack, including some that didn't affect the original releases of the games. EA responded by releasing two patches: v1.01 and v1.02. Furthermore, an unofficial patch, v1.03, has since been released by nathancnc. It does not require the v1.01 or v1.02 patches, as it includes all of the fixes from them plus more and negates the need for the DVD to be in the drive while playing. It is available only for the English version of The First Decade;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6711611\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Journey Through the Decade\",\n \"text\": \"2012, it was certified as platinum for sales of over 200,000 copies. Journey Through the Decade \\\"Journey Through the Decade\\\" (stylized \\\"Journey through the Decade\\\") is a song by Japanese pop singer Gackt, serving as his thirtieth single released on March 25, 2009. It is his first song performed for \\\"Kamen Rider Decade\\\", used as the television series' theme song. It was used as the opening theme song for the 2009 Kamen Rider Series \\\"Kamen Rider Decade\\\". It was released as a single CD and as a CD coupled with a DVD with the music video. The theme of \\\"Journey\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13062249\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Command & Conquer: The First Decade\",\n \"text\": \"Command & Conquer: The First Decade Command & Conquer: The First Decade is a compilation of the \\\"Command & Conquer\\\" series' games published from 1995 to 2003, all bundled into one DVD and updated to run optimally on Windows XP. It was released on February 7, 2006 and sold for the price of one retail game. Also included in the compilation was a bonus DVD which took a look behind the scenes of the successful franchise, including interviews with producers, old concept art, various soundbites, as well as a montage of the winning fan videos of the \\\"Are You The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6711608\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"be used to capture digital video from a camcorder. Some editing of the resulting DVD is usually possible, such as adding chapter points. Some digital video recorders can now record to solid state flash memory cards (called \\\"flash camcorders\\\"). They generally use Secure Digital cards, can include wireless connections (Bluetooth and Wi-Fi), and can play SWF files. There are some digital video recorders that combine video and graphics in real time to the flash card, called DTE or \\\"direct to edit\\\". These are used to speed-up the editing workflow in video and television production, since linear videotapes do not then\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236965\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"the patent, which was first filed in 1991, but has been amended several times. On March 23, 2007, Cablevision Systems Corp lost a legal battle against several Hollywood studios and television networks to introduce a network-based digital video recorder service to its subscribers. However, on August 4, 2008, Cablevision won its appeal. John M. Walker Jr., a Second Circuit judge, declared that the technology \\\"would not directly infringe\\\" on the media companies' rights. An appeal to the Supreme Court was rejected. In court, the media companies argued that network digital video recorders were tantamount to video-on-demand, and that they should\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236979\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2000s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"from video game to film doesn't always succeed. The 2000s however began to show promise in the profitability and success of making video game-based films.Opening in 2001, \\\"\\\" became the highest-grossing video game adaptation with over a US$274 million box office performance. \\\"Tomb Raider\\\" held that title for nearly a decade. Other adaptations in the 2000s included the popular \\\"Resident Evil\\\" saga, \\\"Silent Hill\\\", \\\"Max Payne\\\", \\\"Hitman\\\", \\\"Alone in the Dark\\\", \\\"DOOM\\\", \\\"House of the Dead\\\", and \\\"\\\". The 2000s was also the first decade that the medium has significantly affected classical music. Tommy Tallarico and Jack Wall had a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9688215\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What What (In the Butt)\",\n \"text\": \"show \\\"Lily Allen and Friends\\\" for an interview and performed a live version of \\\"What What (In the Butt)\\\" with choreographed dancers. The video was also featured in episode #53 of ADD-TV in Manhattan. \\\"What What (In the Butt)\\\" was an official selection at the Milwaukee International Film Festival and the Mix Brasil Film Festival. In June 2010 Samwell appeared on an episode of Comedy Central's \\\"Tosh.0\\\", television show about viral videos. The segment told the story of how the \\\"What What\\\" video was created, followed by an acoustic duet version of the song by Samwell and Josh Homme, lead\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10157828\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2000s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"2000s in video gaming The 2000s in video gaming was a decade that was primarily dominated by Sony, Nintendo, the newcomer Microsoft, and their respective systems. Sega, being Nintendo's main rival in the 1980s and 1990s, left the console market in 2002 in favor of returning to the third party company they once were. Overall the decade saw the last of the low resolution three-dimensional polygons of the 1990s with the emergence of High Definition games, and often focused on developing immersive and interactive environments, implementing realistic physics, and improving artificial intelligence. The sixth generation of video games officially began\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9688198\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"sixth series, the Bolt, released in October 2015. The Series1 (retronym) was the original TiVo digital video recorder. Series1 TiVo systems are based on PowerPC processors connected to MPEG-2 encoder/decoder chips and IDE/ATA hard drives. Series1 TiVo units used one or two drives of 13–60 GB. Although not supported by TiVo or equipment manufacturers, larger drives can be added. All standalone TiVo systems have coax/RF-in and an internal cable-ready tuner, analog video input—composite/RCA, and S-Video—for use with an external cable box or satellite receiver. The TiVo unit can use a serial cable or IR blasters to control the external receiver.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685991\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video, Video\",\n \"text\": \"Video, Video \\\"Video, Video\\\" was the Danish entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 1982, performed in Danish by Brixx. The song was performed 13th on the night, following Spain's Lucía with \\\"Él\\\" and preceding Yugoslavia's Aska with \\\"Halo, Halo\\\". At the close of voting, it had received 5 points, placing 17th in a field of 18. The song is in praise of the then-new technology of video recorders, with the singer describing the wealth of viewing he has on tape — everything from Humphrey Bogart to Wimbledon. Indeed, he remarks that \\\"Susanne\\\" (possibly a lover) has left him because all\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8233700\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Radio Recorders\",\n \"text\": \"Toni Braxton, Brandy, No Doubt and others recorded there. The documentary \\\"Standing in the Shadows of Motown\\\" was also partially filmed there. Kenneth Crouch, Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time. In 2002, the studio gained two new partners, Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas who brought the studio back to life under its original name Radio Recorders. In 2004, the property was declared a historic site by the city of Los Angeles. From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole, Dwight Yoakam, Lucinda Williams, Lil' John, Exzihbit,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11457691\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What What (In the Butt)\",\n \"text\": \"singer for Queens Of The Stone Age and guitar player for Kyuss. In 2009, the creators of the video, and Samwell himself, claimed that a feature film called \\\"What What (In the Butt): The Movie\\\" was in the works. On November 12, 2010, Brownmark Films filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against MTV Networks, South Park Studios, and Viacom for their use of \\\"What What in the Butt\\\" in a 2008 \\\"South Park\\\" episode. In July 2011, a federal judge decided that South Park's use of the video fell under the fair use exception to copyright law, and thus the defendants\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10157829\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What What (In the Butt)\",\n \"text\": \"did not owe damages. The decision was unusual in a copyright lawsuit because it was made on a motion to dismiss, before summary judgment. The appeal was dismissed by the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals on June 7, 2012. Additionally, the district court awarded attorneys' fees to the defendants because the lawsuit was \\\"objectively unreasonable\\\". In January 2013, a behind-the-scenes video was released which showed footage from the original 2006 green screen shoot. What What (In the Butt) \\\"What What (In the Butt)\\\" is a viral video created by Andrew Swant and Bobby Ciraldo for the song of the same\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10157830\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video nasty\",\n \"text\": \"in August 2009, the Video Recordings Act 1984 was repealed and re-enacted without change by the Video Recordings Act 2010. At the time of the introduction of domestic video recorders in the United Kingdom during the 1970s, there was no legislation specifically designed to regulate video content, apart from the Obscene Publications Act 1959 which had been amended in 1977 to cover erotic films. Major film distributors were initially reluctant to embrace the new medium of video for fear of piracy and the video market became flooded with low-budget horror films. Whilst some of these films had been passed by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1420763\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spider-Man in video games\",\n \"text\": \"looks of Batman, Rambo and Godzilla, so avoiding a possible lawsuit; a Sega CD version was released, being derived from the altered version. In the 1990s, comics enjoyed a boom, and the early 1990s saw a myriad of video games based on high-profile comic story lines and the 1994 \\\"Spider-Man: The Animated Series\\\". \\\"The Amazing Spider-Man\\\" was the first game of the decade released, a puzzle oriented action game developed by Oxford Digital Enterprises and released in 1990 for the Amiga and ported to MS-DOS, Commodore 64, and Atari ST. The title was published by Paragon Software Corporation and features\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5312933\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"a digital video recorder with its operating system and application software contained in firmware or read-only memory. Hardware features of security DVRs vary between manufacturers and may include but are not necessarily limited to: Software features vary between manufacturers and may include but are not necessarily limited to: Some (very few), but certainly not all, digital video recorders which are designed to send information to a service provider over a telephone line or Internet (or any other way) can gather and send real-time data on users' viewing habits. Digital video recorders are also changing the way television programs advertise products.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236969\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were We Thinking Of\",\n \"text\": \"Go?\\\", which is also featured on the parent album. A pop song, the track is about the end of a relationship that has soured over time. Critically, the song was well-received with several music critics calling it one of the best tracks on \\\"Till I Loved You\\\". On \\\"Billboard\\\"s Adult Contemporary chart in the United States, \\\"What Were We Thinking Of\\\" peaked at number 32. \\\"What Were We Thinking Of\\\" was taken from Streisand's 25th studio album, \\\"Till I Loved You\\\" (1988). The song was written by Antonina Armato and Scott Cutler, and among the first ones to be penned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20301169\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What If We Were Real\",\n \"text\": \"August 2012. What If We Were Real What If We Were Real is the fourth studio album by CCM singer Mandisa. The album was released on April 5, 2011 on Sparrow Records. This album received a nomination at 54th Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album. Mandisa began work on the album in July 2010. She also co-wrote three songs on the album. The album also features a guest appearance from tobyMac on the song \\\"Good Morning\\\". The first single off of the album was \\\"Stronger\\\". It peaked at number one on the Hot Christian Songs chart and as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15281065\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What If We Were Real\",\n \"text\": \"What If We Were Real What If We Were Real is the fourth studio album by CCM singer Mandisa. The album was released on April 5, 2011 on Sparrow Records. This album received a nomination at 54th Grammy Awards for Best Contemporary Christian Music Album. Mandisa began work on the album in July 2010. She also co-wrote three songs on the album. The album also features a guest appearance from tobyMac on the song \\\"Good Morning\\\". The first single off of the album was \\\"Stronger\\\". It peaked at number one on the Hot Christian Songs chart and as of August\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15281063\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video gaming in the Czech Republic\",\n \"text\": \"when the Ministry of Industry and Trade started to seek ways to kickstart the economy. By 2014, programs were planned to support the video game industry. Another problem is a lack of video game development specialization at any university. Czech video game site Bonusweb made a Survey for the best video game developed in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The victor of the Survey is that received 3866 votes out of 13,143. was second and Vietcong third. The first games were developed in Czechoslovakia during the late 1970s as part of experimentation with SM 52/11 computers. These titles lacked graphics\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17873481\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2000s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"had reached over 1 Billion downloads by 2012. 2000s in video gaming The 2000s in video gaming was a decade that was primarily dominated by Sony, Nintendo, the newcomer Microsoft, and their respective systems. Sega, being Nintendo's main rival in the 1980s and 1990s, left the console market in 2002 in favor of returning to the third party company they once were. Overall the decade saw the last of the low resolution three-dimensional polygons of the 1990s with the emergence of High Definition games, and often focused on developing immersive and interactive environments, implementing realistic physics, and improving artificial intelligence.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9688217\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1980s in video gaming\",\n \"text\": \"1980s in video gaming The second decade in the industry's history was decade of highs and lows for video games. The decade began amidst a boom in the arcade business with giants like Atari still dominating the market since the late-1970s. Another, the rising influence of the home computer, and a lack of quality in the games themselves lead to an implosion of the North American video game market that nearly destroyed the industry. It took home consoles years to recover from the crash, but Nintendo filled in the void with its Nintendo Entertainment System (NES), reviving interest in consoles.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14141524\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics\",\n \"text\": \"heels over 20 tracks that all sound huge and hookless.\\\" Erlewine concluded the album shows listeners \\\"why Stereophonics never translated across the Atlantic.\\\" Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics is a DVD released by Welsh rock band Stereophonics, coinciding with their greatest hits album of the same name. The DVD features all music videos from the band's debut album, \\\"Word Gets Around\\\", up to 2007's \\\"Pull the Pin\\\", as well as the video for \\\"You're My Star.\\\" Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics Decade in the Sun: Best of Stereophonics is a compilation album of greatest hits by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12330531\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"My Decade\",\n \"text\": \"on August 9 with an accompanying music video. \\\"My Decade\\\" debuted and peaked at number 4 on the Gaon Album Chart, on the chart issue dated August 6–12, 2017. In its second week, the EP fell to number 9, and after a week off the chart, re-entered in its fourth week at number 10. The EP also debuted and peaked at number 5 on US World Albums, in the week ending August 26, 2017. The EP placed at number 9 on the Gaon Album Chart for the month of August 2017, with 44,684 physical copies sold. My Decade My Decade\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20280581\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video\",\n \"text\": \"Video Video is an electronic medium for the recording, copying, playback, broadcasting, and display of moving visual media. Video was first developed for mechanical television systems, which were quickly replaced by cathode ray tube (CRT) systems which were later replaced by flat panel displays of several types. Video systems vary in display resolution, aspect ratio, refresh rate, color capabilities and other qualities. Analog and digital variants exist and can be carried on a variety of media, including radio broadcast, magnetic tape, optical discs, computer files, and network streaming. Video technology was first developed for mechanical television systems, which were quickly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"444225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"The models can transfer recordings from the built-in hard drive to DVD Video-compliant discs, playable in most modern DVD systems. The video encoding on these models was modified to match the DVD standard so transferring to DVD does not require transcoding. The Series2 standalones can only tune analog signals, so to comply with FCC rules on analog TV phaseout, models that record from over-the-air channels are no longer sold. The dual tuner (DT) models and the TCD542 (a revision of the TCD540) will only record from cable and satellite sources. Some TiVo systems are integrated with DirecTV receivers. These \\\"DirecTiVo\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685996\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"TiVo digital video recorders\",\n \"text\": \"It includes USB ports (for Ethernet and Wi-Fi adapters), a new CPU, and more RAM. The availability of network connectivity has spread to the software side, where new features like TiVoToGo and Home Media Engine applications are now supported. Series2 TiVo systems are based on MIPS processors connected to MPEG-2 encoder/decoder chips and high-capacity IDE/ATA hard drives. Current Series2 units have drives of 40–250GB in size. Although not supported by TiVo or equipment manufacturers, larger drives can be added. All standalone TiVo systems have coax/RF-in and an internal cable-ready tuner, analog video input—composite/RCA, and S-Video—for use with an external cable\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7685994\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video gaming in Bangladesh\",\n \"text\": \"of the most popular games developed by the Bangladeshi company Rise Up Labs. Video gaming in Bangladesh Video gaming is relatively a new sector in Bangladesh. Games have been developed since 2002, mostly independently. However, from 2014, some IT companies have started to develop video games commercially. Some research has been carried out at various universities for the betterment of the video game development sector. Apple Soft IT is one of the first video game companies in Bangladesh, and was established in 2011. It is a game developing company in Bangladesh. Red Cloud 71 was its first product of Applesoft\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18068737\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Decade (Neil Young album)\",\n \"text\": \"ranging in size from a box set to an entire series of audio and/or video releases. The first release of archival material since \\\"Decade\\\" and \\\"Lucky Thirteen\\\" would appear in 2006, \\\"Live at the Fillmore East\\\", a recording from a 1970 concert featuring Crazy Horse with Danny Whitten. Several other archival live releases followed, and in 2009 the first of several planned multi-disc box sets, \\\"The Archives Vol. 1 1963–1972\\\", was issued. In April 2017 \\\"Decade\\\" was reissued on vinyl as a limited-edition Record Store Day release, with remastered vinyl and CD editions planned for general release in June 2017.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"101582\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video Floppy\",\n \"text\": \"under the \\\"Mavipak\\\" name in 1981 for their Mavica still video camera (not to be confused with their later line of Mavica digital cameras introduced in the mid-1990s, which stored JPEG images to standard 3.5-inch floppy disks readable by computers instead). The video floppy format was later used by Minolta, Panasonic, and Canon for their still video cameras introduced in the mid-to-late 1980s, such as the Canon Xapshot from 1988 (also known as the Canon Ion in Europe and the Canon Q-PIC in Japan). Besides still video cameras, stand-alone recorders & players were also available for the VF format, that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10426926\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shenmue (video game)\",\n \"text\": \"online. Initial reactions were positive, with \\\"Edge\\\" describing the game as \\\"what could be one of the most ambitious and important video game endeavours of the decade\\\". However, the quick time events angered some fans, who had assumed the game would only use a \\\"Virtua Fighter\\\"-style battle system. Sega announced a Japanese release for the second quarter of 1999. At the Tokyo Game Show in March 1999, Sega announced that \\\"Shenmue\\\" would span multiple games and allowed the public to play the first game for the first time. At a Japanese consumer show on May 3, 1999, Sega demonstrated the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"874309\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video gaming in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"game industry continues to grow in the United States to this day. Within the 2010s, a larger shift towards casual and mobile gaming on smartphones and tablets became significant, in part due to a wider demographic of video game players drawing in more female and older players. Continuing from the previous decade, a large number of independently-developed video games emerged as games on par with those from major publishers, made easier to promote and distribute through digital storefronts on personal computers, consoles, and mobile store markets. All three major console manufacturers released next generation consoles: Xbox One, PlayStation 4, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15579324\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Decade of Decadence 81-91\",\n \"text\": \"Scream\\\", \\\"Angela\\\", and \\\"Anarchy in the U.K.\\\" were reissued on the \\\"Supersonic and Demonic Relics\\\" compilation in 1999, and the remixes of \\\"Live Wire\\\", \\\"Piece of Your Action\\\", \\\"Home Sweet Home\\\" and the live version of \\\"Kickstart My Heart\\\" were reissued on the \\\"\\\" box set. \\\"Decade of Decadence\\\" was also released as a video album on VHS on March 24, 1992. The video features new interviews and the band's full catalog of music videos, which were in part previously released on the video albums \\\"Uncensored\\\" and \\\"Dr. Feelgood The Videos\\\". It includes new live clips, music videos from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5086362\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Digital video recorder\",\n \"text\": \"control the user's access to the content of the cable operator. The overall net effect on digital video recorders and related technology is unlikely to be substantial as standalone DVRs are currently readily available on the open market. In Europe Free-To-Air and Pay TV TV gateways with multiple tuners have whole house recording capabilities allowing recording of TV programs to Network Attached Storage or attached USB storage, recorded programs are then shared across the home network to tablet, smartphone, PC, Mac, Smart TV. In 2003 many Satellite and Cable providers introduced dual-tuner digital video recorders. In the UK, BSkyB introduced\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2236947\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video gaming in Canada\",\n \"text\": \"Video gaming in Canada Canada has the third largest video game industry in terms of employment numbers following those in the US and in Japan, with 20,400 employees, 472 companies, and a direct annual economic impact of nearly $3 billion added to Canada's GDP in 2015. Video game development is beginning to rival the film and television production industry as a major contributor to the economy. Canada has become a major leader in the emerging video game industry. \\\"Evolution\\\" and \\\"BC's Quest for Tires\\\", both released in 1983, were the first video games developed in Canada that gained substantial commercial\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15602315\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Music video\",\n \"text\": \"this period, most notably Adam and the Ants, Duran Duran and Madonna, owed a great deal of their success to the skillful construction and seductive appeal of their videos. Two key innovations in the development of the modern music video were the development of relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use video recording and editing equipment, and the development of visual effects created with techniques such as image compositing. The advent of high-quality color videotape recorders and portable video cameras coincided with the DIY ethos of the new wave era, enabling many pop acts to produce promotional videos quickly and cheaply, in comparison\",\n \"psg_id\": \"904699\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Video Floppy\",\n \"text\": \"recorders & players were also used by television stations and video production studios as a still-store system for stills & graphics for use in a television production, or for on-air slides used for station identification or during technical difficulties (such as a \\\"Please Stand By\\\" still). A similar sized disk was also used by the Zenith Minisport laptop computer from 1989, digitally formatted for data storage. The Minisport could store up to 793 KB of information on 2-inch LT format disks called LT-1. Video floppy and LT-1 are not compatible, so media can not be interchanged between drives using video\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10426928\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["the fifties","1950s","1950-1959","50's","1950's","50s","1950–1959","nineteen-fifties","1950s (decade)","1950ies","1950's","'50s","195%3f","fifties"],"string":"[\n \"the fifties\",\n \"1950s\",\n \"1950-1959\",\n \"50's\",\n \"1950's\",\n \"50s\",\n \"1950–1959\",\n \"nineteen-fifties\",\n \"1950s (decade)\",\n \"1950ies\",\n \"1950's\",\n \"'50s\",\n \"195%3f\",\n \"fifties\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":83,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who had the noels spy hook and spy line published in the 80s?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Spy Hook","text":"Spy Hook Spy Hook is a 1988 spy novel by Len Deighton. It is the first novel in the second of three trilogies about Bernard Samson, a middle-aged and somewhat jaded intelligence officer working for the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). \"Spy Hook\" is part of the \"Hook, Line and Sinker\" trilogy, being succeeded by \"Spy Line\" and \"Spy Sinker\". This trilogy is preceded by the \"Game, Set and Match\" trilogy and followed by the final \"Faith, Hope and Charity\" trilogy. Deighton's novel \"Winter\" (1987) is a prequel to the nine novels, covering the years 1900-1945 and providing the backstory","psg_id":"8414771"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy Hook\",\n \"text\": \"Spy Hook Spy Hook is a 1988 spy novel by Len Deighton. It is the first novel in the second of three trilogies about Bernard Samson, a middle-aged and somewhat jaded intelligence officer working for the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). \\\"Spy Hook\\\" is part of the \\\"Hook, Line and Sinker\\\" trilogy, being succeeded by \\\"Spy Line\\\" and \\\"Spy Sinker\\\". This trilogy is preceded by the \\\"Game, Set and Match\\\" trilogy and followed by the final \\\"Faith, Hope and Charity\\\" trilogy. Deighton's novel \\\"Winter\\\" (1987) is a prequel to the nine novels, covering the years 1900-1945 and providing the backstory\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8414771\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"first name Fleming purloined for the novel's heroine. \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" was published in the UK on 16 April 1962, as a hardcover edition by publishers Jonathan Cape; it was 221 pages long and cost 15 shillings. Artist Richard Chopping once again undertook the cover art, and raised his fee from the 200 guineas he had charged for \"Thunderball\", to 250 guineas. The artwork included a commando knife which was borrowed from Fleming's editor, Michael Howard at Jonathan Cape. \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" was published in the US by Viking Books on 11 April 1962 with 211","psg_id":"2703634"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1963 Cold War spy novel by the British author John le Carré. It depicts Alec Leamas, a British agent, being sent to East Germany as a faux defector to sow disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" portrays Western espionage methods as morally inconsistent with Western democracy and values. The novel received critical acclaim at the time of its publication and became an international best-seller; it was selected as one of the \"All-Time","psg_id":"1406312"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"star Roger Moore as British Secret Service agent Commander James Bond. Although Fleming had insisted that no film should contain anything of the plot of the novel, the steel-toothed character of Horror was included, although under the name Jaws. The Spy Who Loved Me (novel) The Spy Who Loved Me is the ninth novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series, first published by Jonathan Cape on 16 April 1962. It is the shortest and most sexually explicit of Fleming's novels, as well as a clear departure from previous Bond novels in that the story is told in the first person","psg_id":"2703643"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"writing organizations. Screenwriters Paul Dehn and Guy Trosper, who adapted the book for the 1965 movie, received an Edgar the following year for \"Best Motion Picture Screenplay\" for an American movie. In 2005, the fiftieth anniversary of the Dagger Awards, \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" was awarded the \"Dagger of Daggers,\" a one-time award given to the Golden Dagger winner regarded as the stand-out among all fifty winners over the history of the Crime Writers' Association. The Spy Who Came in from the Cold The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1963 Cold War","psg_id":"1406326"},{"title":"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me","text":"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \"James Bond\" film \"The Spy Who Loved Me\", which was itself inspired to the homonimous 1962 novel by Ian Fleming. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he only gave permission for the title \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised that a novelization","psg_id":"4397903"},{"title":"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me","text":"\"Provides lots of laughs with Myers at the helm; as funny or funnier than the original.\" On Metacritic the film has a score of 59 out of 100, based on 34 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". \"The Spy who Shagged Me\" had a strong box opening at number 1. Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me is a 1999 American spy comedy film directed by Jay Roach, and the second installment in the \"Austin Powers\" film series. It stars franchise co-producer and writer Mike Myers as Austin Powers, Dr. Evil, and Fat","psg_id":"1815201"},{"title":"The London Spy","text":"The London Spy The London Spy by Ned Ward (1660/67 – June 20, 1731) was a periodical about London life, later published as a book. Ward first published the story as a series of 16-page periodicals during 1698–1700, comprising 18 folio editions. They were printed as a collection in book form in 1703 by J. How of Gracechurch Street, London, a mile from where Ward had his public house. The parts are arranged topographically, the story being told in the first person by the author, under the persona of \"The London Spy\". It concerns his adventures as an ostensibly innocent","psg_id":"11010161"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)","text":"The Spy Who Loved Me (film) The Spy Who Loved Me is a 1977 British spy film, the tenth in the \"James Bond\" series produced by Eon Productions, and the third to star Roger Moore as the fictional secret agent James Bond. Barbara Bach and Curt Jürgens co-star. It was directed by Lewis Gilbert and the screenplay was written by Christopher Wood and Richard Maibaum. The film takes its title from Ian Fleming's novel \"The Spy Who Loved Me\", the tenth book in the James Bond series, though it does not contain any elements of the novel's plot. The storyline","psg_id":"8516391"},{"title":"The Spy Who Learned Me","text":"The Spy Who Learned Me \"The Spy Who Learned Me\" is the twentieth episode of the 23rd season of the American animated sitcom \"The Simpsons\". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 6, 2012. On their date night, Homer takes Marge to an action film featuring the legendary fictional spy character Stradivarius Cain (voiced by Bryan Cranston), but Homer's endless series of humorous shout-outs during the film earn him as much contempt from Marge as they do kudos from Lenny and Carl. Marge makes it clear the next morning she is still angry at","psg_id":"15919479"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel) The Spy Who Loved Me is the ninth novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series, first published by Jonathan Cape on 16 April 1962. It is the shortest and most sexually explicit of Fleming's novels, as well as a clear departure from previous Bond novels in that the story is told in the first person by a young Canadian woman, Vivienne Michel. Bond himself does not appear until two-thirds of the way through the book. Fleming wrote a prologue to the novel giving Michel credit as a co-author. Fleming was not happy with the","psg_id":"2703621"},{"title":"The Spy Who Learned Me","text":"Lisa notes \"he is tough on nerds, but easy on the eyes\" as Bart stares at her in disbelief. The name of the episode is a pun on the James Bond Film 'The Spy Who Loved Me' Stratavarius Cain is a take on James Bond. Blue-eyed man is based on Tony Montana of Scarface (1983) Rowan Kaiser of \"The A.V. Club\" said the episode was a \"simple, emotional story\", noting that most of it had been done many times before by the show, but it still \"worked\" and was funny, thus earning a B+ grade. The Spy Who Learned Me","psg_id":"15919484"},{"title":"The Spy (Cooper novel)","text":"ground between the British and Continental armies. Harvey Birch, peddler and patriot, is a character remotely founded upon that of a real spy who helped John Jay. H. L. Barnum's \"The Spy Unmasked; or Memoirs of Enoch Crosby, alias Harvey Birch\" (1828; 5th ed., 1864) claimed to identify the historical spy. The Spy (Cooper novel) The Spy: a Tale of the Neutral Ground was James Fenimore Cooper's second novel, published in 1821 by Wiley & Halsted. This was the earliest American novel to win wide and permanent fame and may be said to have begun the type of romance which","psg_id":"17193477"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)","text":"film critic Michael Sragow. The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film) The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1965 British Cold War spy film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Richard Burton, Claire Bloom, and Oskar Werner. Based on the 1963 John le Carré novel of the same name, the film depicts British agent Alec Leamus' mission as a faux defector to East Germany who is tasked with sowing damaging disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. As part of a charade, Leamus pretends to quit British intelligence and live as an embittered alcoholic.","psg_id":"9674839"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)","text":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film) The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1965 British Cold War spy film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Richard Burton, Claire Bloom, and Oskar Werner. Based on the 1963 John le Carré novel of the same name, the film depicts British agent Alec Leamus' mission as a faux defector to East Germany who is tasked with sowing damaging disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. As part of a charade, Leamus pretends to quit British intelligence and live as an embittered alcoholic. He allows himself to","psg_id":"9674825"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy","text":"She would decide for White Spy or Black Spy, and she also added some balance and variety to the basic 'Spy vs. Spy' formula.\" Grey Spy's last appearance under Prohías was \"Mad Magazine\" #99 (Dec. 1965); she did not appear again until Bob Clarke and Duck Edwing took over the strip. Leaders — They are the barrel-chested, medal-decorated bosses of Black Spy and White Spy, who give them tasks and punish them for their failures. The Leaders were phased out when Peter Kuper took over writing and illustrating the strip. Spy vs. Spy Spy vs. Spy is a wordless comic","psg_id":"3612357"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)","text":"Burton's then wife, Elizabeth Taylor. Ardmore Studios in Ireland and England's Shepperton Studios were used for the shooting of interior scenes. \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" took in $7,600,000 at the box office. Bosley Crowther of \"The New York Times\" wrote, \"After all the spy and mystery movies of a romantic and implausible nature that we have seen, it is great to see one as realistic, and believable too, as 'The Spy Who Came in From the Cold.'\" \"Variety\" called the film \"an excellent contemporary espionage drama of the Cold War which achieves solid impact via emphasis","psg_id":"9674835"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)","text":"capable of transforming from car to submarine in the film, was purchased for £616,000 at a London auction in October 2013 by Elon Musk, who plans to rebuild the vehicle and attempt to make the fictional dual-purpose car be an actual dual-purpose car (underwater and on land). The Spy Who Loved Me (film) The Spy Who Loved Me is a 1977 British spy film, the tenth in the \"James Bond\" series produced by Eon Productions, and the third to star Roger Moore as the fictional secret agent James Bond. Barbara Bach and Curt Jürgens co-star. It was directed by Lewis","psg_id":"8516428"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (video game)","text":"The Spy Who Loved Me (video game) James Bond: The Spy Who Loved Me is a video game adaptation of the 1977 James Bond film \"The Spy Who Loved Me\". The game was released for the Amiga, Atari ST, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MS-DOS computers, and ZX Spectrum in 1990. A version was planned for PS1 but was cancelled. \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" is a top-down shooter game in which the player navigates James Bond driving a modified Lotus Esprit. It features the characters from the film and some new characters. The game received a good, but not excellent,","psg_id":"11479414"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy","text":"Spy vs. Spy Spy vs. Spy is a wordless comic strip published in \"Mad\" magazine. It features two agents involved in stereotypical and comical espionage activities. One is dressed in white, and the other in black, but they are otherwise identical, and are particularly known for their long, beaklike heads and their white pupils and black sclera. The pair are always at war with each other, using a variety of booby-traps to inflict harm on the other. The spies usually alternate between victory and defeat with each new strip. A parody of the political ideologies of the Cold War, the","psg_id":"3612350"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack)","text":"their scores. The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack) The Spy Who Loved Me is the soundtrack for the tenth James Bond \"The Spy Who Loved Me\". The soundtrack is one of only two Bond soundtracks to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score. The other score nominated was \"Skyfall\" (2013). The theme song \"Nobody Does It Better\" was composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager and was performed by Carly Simon. It was nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to \"You Light Up My Life\". It was one of five","psg_id":"8652822"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack)","text":"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack) The Spy Who Loved Me is the soundtrack for the tenth James Bond \"The Spy Who Loved Me\". The soundtrack is one of only two Bond soundtracks to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score. The other score nominated was \"Skyfall\" (2013). The theme song \"Nobody Does It Better\" was composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager and was performed by Carly Simon. It was nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to \"You Light Up My Life\". It was one of five Bond theme","psg_id":"8652814"},{"title":"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me","text":"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me is a 1999 American spy comedy film directed by Jay Roach, and the second installment in the \"Austin Powers\" film series. It stars franchise co-producer and writer Mike Myers as Austin Powers, Dr. Evil, and Fat Bastard. The film also stars Heather Graham, Michael York, Robert Wagner, Seth Green, and Elizabeth Hurley. The film's title is a play on the James Bond film \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" (1977). The film grossed around $312 million in worldwide ticket sales, taking more money during its opening weekend","psg_id":"1815189"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"Bond, but also by the police officer involved. Benson argues that this runs counter to another theme in the novel, which had also appeared in a number of other Bond books including \"Goldfinger\": the concept of Bond as Saint George against the dragon. In this Black agrees, who sees \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" as being \"an account of the vulnerable under challenge, of the manipulative nature of individuals and of the possibility of being trapped by evil\". \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" was written in Jamaica at Fleming's Goldeneye estate in January and February 1961, and was the shortest","psg_id":"2703631"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"100 Novels\" by \"Time\" magazine. In 1965, Martin Ritt directed the cinematic adaptation \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\", with Richard Burton as Leamas. \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" occurs during the heightened tensions that characterized the late 1950s and early 1960s Cold War, when a Warsaw Pact–NATO war sparked in Germany seemed likely. The story begins and concludes in East Germany, about a year after the completion of the Berlin Wall and around the time when double-agent Heinz Felfe was exposed and tried. In \"Call for the Dead\", le Carré's debut novel, a key","psg_id":"1406313"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"character is Hans-Dieter Mundt, an assassin of the Abteilung (\"the Department\"), the East German Secret Service, who is working under diplomatic cover in London. When uncovered by agents George Smiley and Peter Guillam of the British intelligence service \"the Circus\" (which is led by \"Control\"), he escapes from England to East Germany before Smiley and Guillam can catch him. Two years later, at the time of \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\", Mundt has risen from the field to the upper echelon of the Abteilung, because of his successful counter-intelligence operations against the spy networks of the British","psg_id":"1406314"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and received mixed reviews from critics, who questioned the film's intended genre and","psg_id":"20261753"},{"title":"The 13th Spy","text":"The 13th Spy The 13th Spy is the eighth novel in the Killmaster series. Nick Carter is a fictional character appearing in a series of over 250 spy adventures published from 1964 to the 1990s. Carter is a special agent working in AXE - an ultrasecret arm of the US intelligence services. He is the most deadly agent in AXE and holds the rank of Killmaster. The book was first published in May 1965 (Number A139F) by Award Books part of the Beacon-Signal division of Universal Publishing and Distributing Corporation (New York, USA), part of the Conde Nast Publications Inc.","psg_id":"9623766"},{"title":"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)","text":"from 1982 to the present day. Spy vs Spy (Australian band) v.Spy v.Spy, also known as Spy v Spy, The Drug Grannies and The Spies, were an Australian ska/pub rock band from Sydney formed in 1981. They became known for tackling political issues through their music, including racism, homelessness and contemporary drug culture. They were named after a comic strip, \"Spy vs. Spy\" in the US \"Mad\" magazine. The band's initial line-up was the trio of Craig Bloxom on bass guitar/lead vocals, Cliff Grigg on drums/percussion and Mike Weiley on lead guitar/vocals. Spy vs Spy's early music was ska-influenced indie","psg_id":"6448466"},{"title":"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)","text":"Spy vs Spy (Australian band) v.Spy v.Spy, also known as Spy v Spy, The Drug Grannies and The Spies, were an Australian ska/pub rock band from Sydney formed in 1981. They became known for tackling political issues through their music, including racism, homelessness and contemporary drug culture. They were named after a comic strip, \"Spy vs. Spy\" in the US \"Mad\" magazine. The band's initial line-up was the trio of Craig Bloxom on bass guitar/lead vocals, Cliff Grigg on drums/percussion and Mike Weiley on lead guitar/vocals. Spy vs Spy's early music was ska-influenced indie rock, exemplified by their debut single","psg_id":"6448450"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"Kunis was the ideal straight woman calling the two a smart match. The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and","psg_id":"20261771"},{"title":"A Spy in the House of Love","text":"A Spy in the House of Love A Spy in the House of Love is a novel by Anaïs Nin published in 1954. Alongside her other novels, \"Ladders to Fire\", \"Children of the Albatross\", \"The Four-Chambered Heart\" and \"Seduction of the Minotaur\", which were all first published in the United States between the 1940s and 1960s, \"A Spy in the House of Love\" was gathered into a collection of her novels known as \"Cities of the Interior\". The novel follows the character of Sabina; a woman who dares to enjoy the sexual licence that men have always known. Wearing extravagant","psg_id":"3126591"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"Spy Who Dumped Me\" grossed $33.6 million in the United States and Canada, and $41.7 million in other territories, for a total worldwide gross of $75.3 million, against a production budget of $40 million. In the United States and Canada, \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" was released alongside \"Christopher Robin\", \"The Darkest Minds\" and \"\", and was projected to gross $10–15 million from 3,111 theaters in its opening weekend. The film made $5 million on its first day, including $950,000 from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $12.4 million, finishing third at the box office behind holdover","psg_id":"20261766"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"film's comic agenda\" and also commented that \"\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" isn't just painfully unfunny—it criminally wastes the comic talents of Kate McKinnon.\" Richard Brody of \"The New Yorker\" praised the film stating, \"Mila Kunis and Kate McKinnon riff gleefully in the ample and precise framework of Susanna Fogel's effervescent action comedy\", while Justin Chang of the \"Los Angeles Times\" also gave a positive review saying, \"\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" [is] a fast, funny Europe-trotting buddy caper\". Johnny Oleksinski of \"The New York Post\" opined it was nice to see McKinnon used properly in a movie and that","psg_id":"20261770"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"having finally become real spies. Principal photography began production in Budapest, Hungary in July 2017. It also took place in Amsterdam that September, wrapping that same month. \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" premiered at Regency Village Theater in Los Angeles on July 25, 2018. The film was originally scheduled to be released on July 6, 2018, but after \"a phenomenal test screening\" it was pushed back a month to August 3, 2018, in order to avoid a crowded July frame. \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2018 by Lionsgate Home Entertainment. \"The","psg_id":"20261765"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"suspicion of Leamas' escape. She falls and as Smiley calls out to Leamas from the other side of the wall, he hesitates. Then he climbs back down the Eastern side of the wall, to be shot and killed too. At its publication during the Cold War (1945–91), the moral presentation of \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" (1963) rendered it a revolutionary espionage novel by showing the intelligence services of both the Eastern and Western nations as engaging in the same expedient amorality in the name of national security. John le Carré also presented his western spy as","psg_id":"1406323"},{"title":"The Boxer and the Spy","text":"The Boxer and the Spy The Boxer and the Spy (2008) is a crime novel for young adults by American author Robert B. Parker. In a quiet New England town, the body of shy teenager Jason Green washes up on the shore, and the police soon claim that the death was a suicide induced by steroid addiction. However, Terry Novak, a fifteen-year-old aspiring boxer, is not so sure, especially considering that Jason was an artistic person who had no interest in sports, and thus was not the type to be taking such drugs. Assisted by his friend Abby, he begins","psg_id":"13175265"},{"title":"The Boxer and the Spy","text":"an investigation of his own, and soon learns that asking too many questions can lead him into serious danger. The Boxer and the Spy The Boxer and the Spy (2008) is a crime novel for young adults by American author Robert B. Parker. In a quiet New England town, the body of shy teenager Jason Green washes up on the shore, and the police soon claim that the death was a suicide induced by steroid addiction. However, Terry Novak, a fifteen-year-old aspiring boxer, is not so sure, especially considering that Jason was an artistic person who had no interest in","psg_id":"13175266"},{"title":"Harriet the Spy","text":"\"Cheaper by the Dozen 2\" as Harriet's friend Sport, and \"\"'s Melinda Shankar as Janie. In this film Harriet competes against Marion Hawthorne to see who has a better blog. Harriet the Spy Harriet the Spy is a children's novel written and illustrated by Louise Fitzhugh that was published in 1964. It has been called \"a milestone in children's literature\" and a \"classic\". In the U.S. it ranked number 12 book for kids and number 17 all-time children's novel on two lists generated in 2012. Eleven-year-old Harriet M. Welsch is an aspiring writer who lives in New York City's Upper","psg_id":"769171"},{"title":"The Pinkerton Labor Spy","text":"The Pinkerton Labor Spy The Pinkerton Labor Spy (alternately, The Pinkerton's Labor Spy) is a nonfiction book published in 1907 as an exposé of intrigue and abuses by the Pinkerton Detective Agency in general, and by chief agent James McParland in particular. The book detailed the use of spies by mining and ore milling companies during the period of the Colorado Labor Wars. It described the recruiting, utilization, and management of agents who infiltrated the Western Federation of Miners and the United Mine Workers unions for the purposes of disruption, sabotage, and gathering information. The author of the book, Morris","psg_id":"14630126"},{"title":"The Impossible Spy","text":"John Shea, Eli Wallach, and Sasson Gabai. \"The Impossible Spy\" was released in 1987 and won an HBO CableACE Award for Best Picture. The Impossible Spy The Impossible Spy is a television film based on the true story of an Israeli civilian spy, Eli Cohen, who was recruited into Israel's secret intelligence agency (the Mossad) in the 1960s to become a spy in Damascus. Prior to his capture in 1965, Cohen was about to be appointed the third-most powerful figure in Syria—the Deputy Minister of Defense. Cohen's memorization of Syria's individual gun placements along the Golan Heights enabled Israel to","psg_id":"19307562"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy","text":"of fighting against a set rival, he simply does horrible things to anyone he can find. The cover copy of \"The All New Mad Secret File on Spy vs. Spy\" provides early insight to the characters and Prohías' views on the Castro regime and the CIA: Grey Spy (or \"Woman in Grey\") — She debuted in \"Mad\" magazine #73 (Sept. 1962) (the strip was temporarily renamed \"Spy vs. Spy vs. Spy\"). Grey Spy's appearances were sporadic, but she always triumphed by using the infatuations of Black Spy and White Spy to her advantage. Prohías explained, \"the lady Spy represented neutrality.","psg_id":"3612356"},{"title":"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me","text":"\"as much action as anyone could take.\" In their guide \"The Bond Files\", Andy Lane and Paul Simpson say Wood's novel \"counts as a decent Bond novel in its own right, and is certainly more stylish than many of the later volumes.\" That said, fan reaction to the novelization has been largely positive, with many fans claiming it to be one of the better James Bond continuation novels. James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \"James Bond\" film \"The Spy Who Loved Me\", which was","psg_id":"4397910"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)","text":"and judged 79% of the reviews to be positive. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he gave permission only for the title \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised a novelisation based upon the script. This would also be the first regular Bond novel published since \"Colonel Sun\" nearly a decade earlier. Christopher Wood, who co-authored the screenplay, was commissioned to write the book titled","psg_id":"8516425"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"\"\" and \"Christopher Robin\". It fell 45% to $6.6 million in its second weekend, finishing sixth. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 49% based on 184 reviews, with an average rating of 5.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \"\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" isn't the funniest or most inventive spy comedy, but Kate McKinnon remains as compulsively watchable as ever.\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 52 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating \"mixed or average reviews\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average","psg_id":"20261767"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"stars, saying: \"Perhaps the problem isn't one of too little ambition, but of too much. \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\" is, after all, trying earnestly to be about half a dozen different things: a buddy comedy, a spy drama, a raunch fest, a thrilling action film. It's just that it doesn't have the focus to do any of those things particularly well.\" \"Rolling Stone\"s Peter Travers criticized the film, awarding it 2 out of 5 stars. Travers stated that the film \"spends way too much time on car chases, shootouts, knife fights and R-rated violence that doesn't square with the","psg_id":"20261769"},{"title":"The 13th Spy","text":"Brothers Twelve, escapes after rigging the warehouse to explode with Sichikova still inside. During a car chase through the outskirts of Moscow Carter forces Chou's car off the road and into the Moscow River. Carter returns to the burnt-out warehouse to find that Valentina has survived the explosion. The 13th Spy The 13th Spy is the eighth novel in the Killmaster series. Nick Carter is a fictional character appearing in a series of over 250 spy adventures published from 1964 to the 1990s. Carter is a special agent working in AXE - an ultrasecret arm of the US intelligence services.","psg_id":"9623771"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game)","text":"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a video game developed by Vicious Cycle Software, published by Global Star Software and based on the \"MAD\" magazine's titular comic strip. The game features the two spies (\"Black\" and \"White\") in a unique story mode, plus two other game modes (\"Modern\" and \"Classic\"), and a multiplayer mode for up to 4 players. A GameCube version was planned, but it was cancelled. In this single-player mode, the player is able to choose between Black Spy or White Spy to complete a variety of missions filled with puzzles and a cast","psg_id":"14586002"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy (1984 video game)","text":"Spy vs. Spy (1984 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a game published by First Star Software in 1984 for the Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64 and Apple II computers. It was a two-player, split-screen game, based on MAD Magazine's long running cartoon strip, \"Spy vs. Spy\", about the slapstick antics of two spies trying to kill each other with improbably complex and elaborate traps and weapons. It was later ported to a much wider range of platforms including the ZX Spectrum, Acorn Electron, Atari ST, BBC Micro, Commodore 16, MSX, Amstrad CPC, Amiga, Master System, Game Boy, Xbox, Game","psg_id":"3309379"},{"title":"Harriet the Spy","text":"Harriet the Spy Harriet the Spy is a children's novel written and illustrated by Louise Fitzhugh that was published in 1964. It has been called \"a milestone in children's literature\" and a \"classic\". In the U.S. it ranked number 12 book for kids and number 17 all-time children's novel on two lists generated in 2012. Eleven-year-old Harriet M. Welsch is an aspiring writer who lives in New York City's Upper East Side. Harriet is precocious, and enthusiastic about her future career. Encouraged by her nanny, Catherine \"Ole Golly,\" Harriet carefully observes others and writes her thoughts down in a notebook","psg_id":"769152"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game)","text":"is currently being developed by ONIGAME Team.<ref name=\"sequel/remaster\"></ref> Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a video game developed by Vicious Cycle Software, published by Global Star Software and based on the \"MAD\" magazine's titular comic strip. The game features the two spies (\"Black\" and \"White\") in a unique story mode, plus two other game modes (\"Modern\" and \"Classic\"), and a multiplayer mode for up to 4 players. A GameCube version was planned, but it was cancelled. In this single-player mode, the player is able to choose between Black Spy or White Spy to complete a variety","psg_id":"14586006"},{"title":"The Spy in Black","text":"The Spy in Black The Spy in Black (US: U-Boat 29) is a 1939 British film, and the first collaboration between the British filmmakers Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. They were brought together by Alexander Korda to make the World War I spy thriller by Joseph Storer Clouston into a film. Powell and Pressburger eventually made over 20 films during the course of their partnership. \"The Spy in Black\" stars Conrad Veidt, Valerie Hobson, Sebastian Shaw and features Marius Goring. In March 1917, Captain Hardt (Conrad Veidt), a World War I German U-boat commander, is ordered to lead a mission","psg_id":"4265382"},{"title":"The Impossible Spy","text":"The Impossible Spy The Impossible Spy is a television film based on the true story of an Israeli civilian spy, Eli Cohen, who was recruited into Israel's secret intelligence agency (the Mossad) in the 1960s to become a spy in Damascus. Prior to his capture in 1965, Cohen was about to be appointed the third-most powerful figure in Syria—the Deputy Minister of Defense. Cohen's memorization of Syria's individual gun placements along the Golan Heights enabled Israel to defeat Syria in the Six-Day War in 1967. The film's executive producer was Harvey Chertok; it was directed by Jim Goddard and starred","psg_id":"19307561"},{"title":"Spy (magazine)","text":"Hebdo\", calling \"Spy\" a \"rag magazine\" In October 2016, \"Esquire\" magazine produced a special online version of \"Spy\" during the last thirty days of the presidential campaign. Spy (magazine) Spy was a satirical monthly magazine published from 1986 to 1998. Based in New York City, the magazine was founded by Kurt Andersen and E. Graydon Carter, who served as its first editors, and Thomas L. Phillips, Jr., its first publisher. \"Spy\" specialized in irreverent and satirical pieces targeting the American media and entertainment industries and mocking high society. Some of its features attempted to present the darker side of celebrities","psg_id":"3116148"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)","text":"on human values, total absence of mechanical spy gimmickry, and perfectly controlled underplaying.\" Philip K. Scheuer of the \"Los Angeles Times\" wrote, \"It is not an easy, certainly not a pleasant, picture to sit through; too impersonal, too objective, to move us to weep, so that its ending can only leave us tremendously depressed.\" Richard L. Coe of \"The Washington Post\" declared, \"Not having shared the evidently widespread admiration for 'The Spy Who Came In From the Cold' in its original form as a novel, I nonetheless find it a wholly absorbing picture.\" Brendan Gill of \"The New Yorker\" called","psg_id":"9674836"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)","text":"the credit style first used in \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" has been used on all Eon Bond films since \"For Your Eyes Only\", including \"Casino Royale\". Broccoli commissioned a number of writers to work on the script, including Stirling Silliphant, John Landis, Ronald Hardy, Anthony Burgess, and Derek Marlowe. The British television producer Gerry Anderson also stated that he provided a film treatment (although originally planned to be \"Moonraker\") much similar to what ended up as \"The Spy Who Loved Me\". Eventually, Richard Maibaum provided the screenplay, and at first he tried to incorporate ideas from all of the","psg_id":"8516403"},{"title":"God's Spy","text":"recently found dead; he had also been tortured. Desperate to find the killer before another victim dies, Paola's investigation is soon joined by Father Anthony Fowler — an American priest and former Army intelligence officer examining sexual abuse in the Church, who knows far more about the killer than Paola could possibly imagine. There is also a number of minor, real life characters, e.g. George W. Bush, John Negroponte, John Paul II, Benedict XVI and many others. \"God's Spy\" by Juan Gómez-Jurado God's Spy God's Spy is a 2007 bestselling thriller novel by Juan Gómez-Jurado originally published in Spain. It","psg_id":"10012874"},{"title":"Liar & Spy","text":"named the novel to one of its Best Books of 2012. Liar & Spy Liar & Spy is a children's novel written by Rebecca Stead published in 2012 that is set in Brooklyn and describes the adventures of Georges and Safer, two middle school students who are working to unmask a suspected spy in their building. At the same time, Georges is experiencing a casual bullying that adults in his life seem to minimize. Stead was the first American author to win the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize for \"Liar & Spy\", in 2013. The day that Georges (with a silent","psg_id":"20757121"},{"title":"Liar & Spy","text":"Liar & Spy Liar & Spy is a children's novel written by Rebecca Stead published in 2012 that is set in Brooklyn and describes the adventures of Georges and Safer, two middle school students who are working to unmask a suspected spy in their building. At the same time, Georges is experiencing a casual bullying that adults in his life seem to minimize. Stead was the first American author to win the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize for \"Liar & Spy\", in 2013. The day that Georges (with a silent s, named for Georges Seurat) moves from a house to an","psg_id":"20757116"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy","text":"to the offices of \"Mad\" magazine in New York City on July 12, 1960. After a successful showing of his work and a prototype cartoon for \"Spy vs. Spy\", Prohías was hired. Prohías cryptically \"signed\" each strip on its first panel with a sequence of Morse code characters that spell \"BY PROHIAS\". In a 1983 interview with the \"Miami Herald\", Prohías reflected on the success of \"Spy vs. Spy\", stating, \"The sweetest revenge has been to turn Fidel's accusation of me as a spy into a moneymaking venture.\" Prohías, however, was censored by \"Mad\" magazine publisher William Gaines on at","psg_id":"3612352"},{"title":"The Spy FM","text":"the station completely digital at thespyfm.com. In 2012, The Spy and KOSU established a new partnership that allowed The Spy to return to the FM dial. In 2017, The Spy launched a podcast platform in August with their first show Localites OKC. Localites OKC is a weekly podcast hosted by Anna Farha and Kayla Coffey discussing local events and happenings. New episodes are released every Thursday. In October, OKC OVER EASY joined the podcast network as the second podcast. OKC OVER EASY is hosted by Malory Craft and releases new episodes on Sundays. The Spy FM The Spy is an","psg_id":"20191533"},{"title":"The Spy Gone North","text":"The Spy Gone North The Spy Gone North is a 2018 South Korean spy drama film directed by Yoon Jong-bin. It stars Hwang Jung-min, Lee Sung-min, Cho Jin-woong and Ju Ji-hoon. The film is loosely based on the true story of Park Chae-seo, a former South Korean agent who infiltrated North Korea's nuclear facilities. The film was released in theaters on August 8, 2018. The story follows a South Korean spy who infiltrates the North to obtain intelligence on the country's nuclear weapons plans in the mid-1990s. Filming began on January 24, 2017 and concluded on July 25, 2017. Some","psg_id":"20141450"},{"title":"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)","text":"the inner Sydney suburb of Glebe. They named their band for a comic strip, \"Spy vs. Spy\" in the US \"Mad\" magazine. As a rent saving device Bloxom and Weiley also moved into Grigg's squat, which initially had no roof: it also became their rehearsal site. Spy vs Spy had their first performance at Sydney's Sussex Hotel, filling in for The Fast Cars, whose singer had unexpectedly taken ill. From there the band developed an enthusiastic pub following for their distinctive brand of ska-flavoured indie rock. Dirty Pool management picked them up and they performed at many Sydney venues, particularly","psg_id":"6448454"},{"title":"Spy in the Wild","text":"Spy in the Wild Spy in the Wild is a 2017 British nature documentary television series, produced by BBC Natural History Unit, John Downer Productions and PBS.. The series ran for five episodes from 12 January 2017 and concluded on 3 February 2017, and aired on BBC One. The series focuses on the complex emotions of animals, using more than 30 specially built animatronic \"spy creatures\". The series was narrated by David Tennant in the original version, while Brian Unger provides substitute narration in the American PBS version as it was broadcast under \"Nature\" Special Presentation series. A two-disc DVD","psg_id":"19981764"},{"title":"The London Spy","text":"country gentleman visiting London, his native-Londoner chaperone-cum-guide, and the adventures that befall them. They travel about London, visiting various inns and tourist attractions, and meeting the people who lived there. The work gives vivid depictions of the lower classes of the day and how they made ends meet – including prostitution, robbery, burglary and other felonious activities. It is a ribald story, written in part in prose, and contains many slang expressions used at that time. \"The London Spy\" by Ned Ward. Edited by Kenneth Fenwick (1955). The Folio Society: London. The London Spy The London Spy by Ned Ward","psg_id":"11010162"},{"title":"The Accidental Spy","text":"arranged to be performed by him as an informal, non-official agent (an \"accidental spy\"). He was chosen because of his background as an orphan, his sharp intuition and excellent fighting skills. The dream of his parents is actually an illusion created by Liu, who added drugs into Yuen's drink to put him into a hypnotic state. In a post-credits scene, Yuen, now officially a spy, delivers a briefcase to a drug dealer in Italy and tips off the police to arrest him. \"The Accidental Spy\" holds a 29% \"rotten\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 7 reviews. Dimension (a sub-set","psg_id":"5482956"},{"title":"The Spy Who Dumped Me","text":"a man Morgan had previously met at the bar, who is himself a spy, who is then killed by Morgan by pushing him off the balcony before he can attack Audrey. After fleeing their apartment, Morgan convinces Audrey that they should go to Vienna especially since their passports were still in their car from a previous roadtrip. At the LAX airport, Audrey and Morgan purchase a suitcase in effort to look less suspicious. In addition, they purchase several trophies to fill the suitcase. Once in Vienna, they go to the café Drew told them to go to. Sebastian appears and","psg_id":"20261756"},{"title":"The Unlikely Spy","text":"The Unlikely Spy The Unlikely Spy is a 1996 spy novel written by Daniel Silva, set during World War II. While some of the characters and events are fictional, the book is based on the real-life attempt by the Allies to use British intelligence to cover up the true plans for D-Day. The deception plan was called Operation Fortitude, and Double Cross also played a role. Specifically, the book has a backdrop (a subset of Fortitude referred to as Fortitude South). Set during World War II, the book follows Alfred Vicary, a historian and friend of Winston Churchill, who joins","psg_id":"8687643"},{"title":"Northern Spy","text":"stock for grafting other varieties to become standard size trees. A Northern Spy apple tree figures in the poem \"Conrad Siever\" in Edgar Lee Masters' \"Spoon River Anthology\", and in the poetry of Chase Twichell, whose first book \"Northern Spy\" was published by the University of Pittsburgh Press in 1981. Northern Spy The Northern Spy, also called 'Spy' and 'King', is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated in East Bloomfield, New York in about 1800. It is popular in upstate New York. The Northern Spy was one of four apples honored by the United States Postal Service in a","psg_id":"7333529"},{"title":"God's Spy","text":"God's Spy God's Spy is a 2007 bestselling thriller novel by Juan Gómez-Jurado originally published in Spain. It has become an instant bestseller throughout Europe with a million copies sold to date and is going to be published in 42 countries. The plot is set in the Vatican, where, in the aftermath of Pope John Paul II's death, the hunt for a serial killer and sex offender — and former priest — reveals a chilling conspiracy. It is a detective story where the psychological portrait of Victor Karosky, the serial killer (which name is known from the first line of","psg_id":"10012872"},{"title":"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World","text":"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (often referred to as Spy Kids 4D, also known as Spy Kids 4: All the Time in the World and Spy Kids 4D: All the Time in the World) is a 2011 American 4D spy adventure comedy film written and directed by Robert Rodriguez. It is the fourth installment in the \"Spy Kids\" film series and the sequel to 2003's \"\". The film stars Jessica Alba, Joel McHale, Alexa Vega, Daryl Sabara, Rowan Blanchard, Mason Cook, Ricky Gervais and Jeremy Piven in a multitude","psg_id":"15029169"},{"title":"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World","text":"Meets World\" and \"Speechless\" respectively), and the planned sequel got cancelled as a result. Netflix and The Weinstein Company announced on June 16, 2016 an animated CGI reboot of the \"Spy Kids\" film series titled \"\" which was released in 2018. Spy Kids: All the Time in the World Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (often referred to as Spy Kids 4D, also known as Spy Kids 4: All the Time in the World and Spy Kids 4D: All the Time in the World) is a 2011 American 4D spy adventure comedy film written and directed by Robert","psg_id":"15029184"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"spy novels in 2006. Paramount Television and The Ink Factory—who had previously produced \"The Night Manager\"—are developing a limited series based on the novel, with Simon Beaufoy as the writer. On 14 January 2017, AMC and the BBC joined with The Ink Factory for the series. Le Carré's book won a 1963 Gold Dagger award from the Crime Writers' Association for \"Best Crime Novel\". Two years later the US edition was awarded the Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for \"Best Mystery Novel\". It was the first work to win the award for \"Best Novel\" from both mystery","psg_id":"1406325"},{"title":"The Two-Headed Spy","text":"a story consultant. The Two-Headed Spy The Two-Headed Spy is a 1958 British spy thriller film directed by Andre DeToth and starring Jack Hawkins, Gia Scala, Erik Schumann and Alexander Knox. The film, which has elements of film noir and is set in the Second World War, was based on a story by J. Alvin Kugelmass called \"Britain's Two-Headed Spy\" and is notable for having been scripted by blacklisted writers. The story commences in 1939. Alex Schottland (Jack Hawkins), a general in the German Army, is actually a British agent who was planted in Germany toward the end of the","psg_id":"11675107"},{"title":"The Two-Headed Spy","text":"The Two-Headed Spy The Two-Headed Spy is a 1958 British spy thriller film directed by Andre DeToth and starring Jack Hawkins, Gia Scala, Erik Schumann and Alexander Knox. The film, which has elements of film noir and is set in the Second World War, was based on a story by J. Alvin Kugelmass called \"Britain's Two-Headed Spy\" and is notable for having been scripted by blacklisted writers. The story commences in 1939. Alex Schottland (Jack Hawkins), a general in the German Army, is actually a British agent who was planted in Germany toward the end of the First World War.","psg_id":"11675102"},{"title":"The Faithful Spy","text":"The Faithful Spy The Faithful Spy is a novel by \"New York Times\" reporter Alex Berenson. The novel won an Edgar award for Best First novel. It was published in 2006 by Random House and deals with the September 11th terrorist attacks. The book begins a few months after the September 11th terrorist attacks on the United States, with John Wells, an undercover CIA agent, in the middle of a battle in Afghanistan. Wells has been undercover with Al Qaeda for many years, fighting in Chechnya, Afghanistan and Pakistan. During the battle he and his crew of Al-Qaeda members are","psg_id":"13050213"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"book, owing to the reactions by critics and fans, and attempted to suppress elements of it where he could: he blocked a paperback edition in the United Kingdom and only gave permission for the title to be used when he sold the film rights to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, rather than any aspects of the plots. However, a British paperback edition was published after his death, and the Bond film character of Jaws is loosely based on one of the characters in the book. A heavily adapted version of \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" appeared in the \"Daily","psg_id":"2703622"},{"title":"The Faithful Spy","text":"several other Al Qaeda members have infected themselves with the plague and plan to spread it throughout the population, creating a pandemic within the United States. Wells, with the help of Exley, is able to kill the infected terrorists and take out their leader, Khadri, thwarting their plans. John Wells- Jennifer Exley- Vinny Duto- Omar Khadri- Shafer- The Faithful Spy The Faithful Spy is a novel by \"New York Times\" reporter Alex Berenson. The novel won an Edgar award for Best First novel. It was published in 2006 by Random House and deals with the September 11th terrorist attacks. The","psg_id":"13050217"},{"title":"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)","text":"be no reprints or paperback version of the book, and for the British market no paperback version appeared until after Fleming's death. Because of the heightened sexual writing in the novel, it was banned in a number of countries. In the US the story was also published in \"Stag\" magazine, with the title changed to \"Motel Nymph\". Broadly, the critics did not welcome Fleming's experiment with the Bond formula; academic Christoph Linder has pointed out that \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" received the worst reception of all the Bond books. \"The Daily Telegraph\", for example, wrote \"Oh Dear Oh Dear","psg_id":"2703636"},{"title":"Harriet the Spy","text":"books for children. In 2005, the ex-CIA officer Lindsay Moran cited the \"Harriet the Spy\" series of books as an inspiration for her career. It was included in a 2009 list of \"Children’s Classics\" by \"The Horn Book Magazine\". In 2012 \"Harriet the Spy\" was ranked number 17 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by \"School Library Journal\". Earlier that year, \"Time Out New York Kids\" ranked it number 12 among \"The 50 Best Books for Kids\". Late in 2015 the same source ranked it 34th among \"kids books of all time for families\", a collection including many","psg_id":"769163"},{"title":"Spy vs. Spy","text":"strip was created by Cuban expatriate cartoonist Antonio Prohías, and debuted in \"Mad\" #60, dated January 1961. \"Spy vs. Spy\" is currently written and drawn by Peter Kuper. The \"Spy vs. Spy\" characters have been featured in such media as video games and an animated television series, and in such merchandise as action figures and trading cards. Prohías was a prolific cartoonist in Cuba known for political satire. He fled to the United States on May 1, 1960, three days before Fidel Castro's government nationalized the last of the Cuban free press. Prohías sought work in his profession and travelled","psg_id":"3612351"},{"title":"Spy Smasher","text":"killed in a plane crash) and his identical twin brother, and Marguerite Chapman as the brother's imperiled fiancée, Eve Corby. Edited down to 100 minutes in 1966 the serial was re-released for television under the title \"Spy Smasher Returns\". Spy Smasher will appear in the video game DC Universe Online. Spy Smasher Spy Smasher is the name of two fictional characters appearing in comics published by Fawcett and DC Comics. The first is a superhero that was formerly owned and published by Fawcett Comics. The second is a female anti-terrorism government agent often featured as an antagonist of the vigilante","psg_id":"5275249"},{"title":"The Spy FM","text":"the Program Director at 93.7 The Spy (KSPI-FM in Stillwater). When station owners took The Spy off the air in 2001, Ferris secured ownership of the brand and moved it to Oklahoma City. In 2002, Citadel Communications launched a deep alternative format radio station (KSYY) and asked Ferris to take the helm. The station was killed in June 2004, but Ferris kept “Spy Radio” on the air as a once weekly specialty show on KATT 100.5 The Katt. In 2009, Ferris purchased 105.3FM from Citadel and relaunched The Spy. When that purchase agreement feel through in December 2010, he took","psg_id":"20191532"},{"title":"Be an Interplanetary Spy","text":"Be an Interplanetary Spy Be An Interplanetary Spy is a series of twelve interactive children's science fiction books designed by Byron Preiss Visual Publications and first published by Bantam Books from 1983 to 1985. Aimed at younger readers, these books were published in paperback form only, with brightly coloured covers and were heavily illustrated in black and white throughout. Unlike other series of interactive novels such as Choose Your Own Adventure stories or Fighting Fantasy gamebooks, each Interplanetary Spy book is made up largely of illustrations in a style that mixes comic book-like line drawings with blocky, straight edge illustrations","psg_id":"9330138"},{"title":"1985: The Year of the Spy","text":"the help of his wife Mary, who drove home from the desert with a dummy decoy in the passenger seat of the car, and played a recording of Howard's voice on a phone line she knew the FBI was tapping. Howard defected to Russia where the Soviets granted him asylum, an apartment, and a new identity. Howard died on July 12, 2002, at the age of 50, according to former KGB chief Vladimir A. Kryuchkov and State Department spokesman Richard A. Boucher. 1985: The Year of the Spy The American media referred to 1985 as the Year of the Spy","psg_id":"11899445"},{"title":"The Reluctant Spy","text":"attracting peculiar people. Hidden in his new coat is a microfilm which interests more than one secret service. After being drawn into the world of international espionage, a secret service of his own country hires him to lure enemy spies into a trap. The Reluctant Spy The Reluctant Spy (, , also known as \"How to Be a Spy Without Even Trying\") is a French-Italian spy-comedy film from 1963, directed by Jean-Charles Dudrumet, written by Michel Cousin, starring Jean Marais and Geneviève Page. It is a parody of espionage films. It was followed by sequel \"Pleins feux sur Stanislas\". Stanislas","psg_id":"15581844"},{"title":"The Reluctant Spy","text":"The Reluctant Spy The Reluctant Spy (, , also known as \"How to Be a Spy Without Even Trying\") is a French-Italian spy-comedy film from 1963, directed by Jean-Charles Dudrumet, written by Michel Cousin, starring Jean Marais and Geneviève Page. It is a parody of espionage films. It was followed by sequel \"Pleins feux sur Stanislas\". Stanislas Dubois is an ordinary businessman. When he meets a woman on a date in a restaurant, he takes off his coat. Upon leaving he confuses a similar coat with his own. Following this mix-up he becomes increasingly aware that something about him is","psg_id":"15581843"},{"title":"I-Spy (Michelin)","text":"their popularity is being enjoyed by a new generation of children. The \"News Chronicle\" series included the following titles (as listed on the back of the booklets): I-SPY BOOKS – Sixpence each I-SPY COLOUR BOOKS – One Shilling each There are now 37 individual titles and three boxed sets (one of which is made up of 70 individual cards) published by Michelin. Michelin's initial 12 titles after the series relaunch in December 2009 Titles published in May 2010 Titles published in April 2011 Titles published in Summer 2011 Boxed sets published in November 2011 I-Spy (Michelin) The I-SPY books are","psg_id":"2896628"},{"title":"Spy Cave","text":"Evidence of occupation by Upper Paleolithic anatomically modern humans has also been found at Spy. A report published in 2013 states that \"Based on cut-marked bones, remains with ochre traces and an Aurignacian spear point, it seems that AMH visited Spy at least three times: at around 34,500 BP, 33,000 BP and 26,000 BP.\" Pendants and perforated beads made from mammoth ivory, presumably by modern humans, were found in the cave. Spy Cave Spy Cave () is located near Spy in the municipality of Jemeppe-sur-Sambre, province of Namur, Belgium above the left bank of the Orneau River. Classified as a","psg_id":"6197928"},{"title":"Spy fiction","text":"(2004), \"Secret Asset\" (2006), \"Illegal Action\" (2007), and \"Dead Line\" (2008), by Dame Stella Rimington (Director General of MI5 from 1992 to 1996); and Matthew Dunn's \"Spycatcher\" (2011) and sequels. Much spy fiction was adapted as spy films in the 1960s, ranging from the fantastical James Bond series to the realistic \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" (1965), and the hybrid \"The Quiller Memorandum\" (1966). While Hamilton's Matt Helm novels were adult and well written, their cinematic interpretations were adolescent parody. This phenomenon spread widely in Europe in the 1960s and is known as the Eurospy genre. English-language","psg_id":"369751"},{"title":"Massachusetts Spy","text":"Massachusetts Spy The Massachusetts Spy (est.1770) was a newspaper published by Isaiah Thomas in Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts in the 18th century. It was a heavily political weekly paper that was constantly on the verge of being suppressed by the Royalist government, from the time of its establishment in 1770 to 1776, during the runup to the American Revolution. In 1771-73 the \"Spy\" featured the essays of several anonymous political commentators who called themselves \"Centinel,\" \"Mucius Scaevola\" and \"Leonidas.\" They spoke in the same terms about similar issues, kept Patriot polemics on the front page, and supported each other against","psg_id":"6887176"},{"title":"Spy (magazine)","text":"Spy (magazine) Spy was a satirical monthly magazine published from 1986 to 1998. Based in New York City, the magazine was founded by Kurt Andersen and E. Graydon Carter, who served as its first editors, and Thomas L. Phillips, Jr., its first publisher. \"Spy\" specialized in irreverent and satirical pieces targeting the American media and entertainment industries and mocking high society. Some of its features attempted to present the darker side of celebrities such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, John F. Kennedy, Jr., Steven Seagal, Martha Stewart, and especially, the real-estate tycoon Donald Trump and his then-wife Ivana Trump. Pejorative epithets of","psg_id":"3116144"},{"title":"The Spy: Undercover Operation","text":"The Spy: Undercover Operation The Spy: Undercover Operation (; lit. \"Spy\") is a 2013 South Korean action comedy film about an agent (Sol Kyung-gu) who is undercover in a foreign country while his wife (Moon So-ri) has no idea what he does for a living. The early working title was \"Mister K\" (). Chul-soo is the greatest secret agent in South Korea, but at home he is a loving husband who's intimidated by his flight attendant wife Young-hee, who thinks her husband is a normal office worker. One day, Chul-soo tells his wife that he'll be going to Busan for","psg_id":"16366947"},{"title":"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold","text":"secret services. Characters and events from \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\" are reinvestigated in \"A Legacy of Spies\", le Carré's 2017 novel centering on an aging Guillam. The West Berlin office of the Circus is under the command of Station Head Alec Leamas, who served as an SOE operative during World War II and fought in the Nazi-occupied Netherlands and Norway. It has just lost its last and best double agent, shot whilst defecting from East Berlin. With no operatives left, Leamas is recalled to London by Control, the Circus chief, who asks Leamas to stay \"in","psg_id":"1406315"},{"title":"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)","text":"recordings were released under the name Spy vs Spy, but the band was forced to change its name to v. Spy v. Spy to avoid legal action from the publishers of \"Mad\" magazine, which included the comic strip \"Spy vs. Spy\". Their music became more straight forward hard rock for their pub audiences. The band became prominent on the Sydney pub rock scene, performing politically charged songs dealing with issues such as racism, drugs and the homeless. Shortly after the release of their debut EP, in early 1983, the band broke up. Bloxom briefly joined The Numbers in March 1983","psg_id":"6448456"},{"title":"I spy","text":"John Cleese on How to Irritate People sketch in which two bored airline pilots are playing I Spy as a pastime while on cruise flight. I spy I spy is a guessing game where the \"spy\", or \"it\", says \"I spy with my little eye ...\" and players have to guess the object the Spy saw. The way players choose who will be the Spy/It can range from the noncompetitive alternating of turns to a game of skill/chance such as rock, paper, scissors. The Spy silently selects an object that is visible to all the players and does not reveal","psg_id":"2162758"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"first name Fleming purloined for the novel's heroine. \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" was published in the UK on 16 April 1962, as a hardcover edition by publishers Jonathan Cape; it was 221 pages long and cost 15 shillings. Artist Richard Chopping once again undertook the cover art, and raised his fee from the 200 guineas he had charged for \\\"Thunderball\\\", to 250 guineas. The artwork included a commando knife which was borrowed from Fleming's editor, Michael Howard at Jonathan Cape. \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" was published in the US by Viking Books on 11 April 1962 with 211\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703634\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1963 Cold War spy novel by the British author John le Carré. It depicts Alec Leamas, a British agent, being sent to East Germany as a faux defector to sow disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" portrays Western espionage methods as morally inconsistent with Western democracy and values. The novel received critical acclaim at the time of its publication and became an international best-seller; it was selected as one of the \\\"All-Time\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406312\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"star Roger Moore as British Secret Service agent Commander James Bond. Although Fleming had insisted that no film should contain anything of the plot of the novel, the steel-toothed character of Horror was included, although under the name Jaws. The Spy Who Loved Me (novel) The Spy Who Loved Me is the ninth novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series, first published by Jonathan Cape on 16 April 1962. It is the shortest and most sexually explicit of Fleming's novels, as well as a clear departure from previous Bond novels in that the story is told in the first person\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703643\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"writing organizations. Screenwriters Paul Dehn and Guy Trosper, who adapted the book for the 1965 movie, received an Edgar the following year for \\\"Best Motion Picture Screenplay\\\" for an American movie. In 2005, the fiftieth anniversary of the Dagger Awards, \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" was awarded the \\\"Dagger of Daggers,\\\" a one-time award given to the Golden Dagger winner regarded as the stand-out among all fifty winners over the history of the Crime Writers' Association. The Spy Who Came in from the Cold The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1963 Cold War\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406326\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me\",\n \"text\": \"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \\\"James Bond\\\" film \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\", which was itself inspired to the homonimous 1962 novel by Ian Fleming. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he only gave permission for the title \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised that a novelization\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4397903\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Provides lots of laughs with Myers at the helm; as funny or funnier than the original.\\\" On Metacritic the film has a score of 59 out of 100, based on 34 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". \\\"The Spy who Shagged Me\\\" had a strong box opening at number 1. Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me is a 1999 American spy comedy film directed by Jay Roach, and the second installment in the \\\"Austin Powers\\\" film series. It stars franchise co-producer and writer Mike Myers as Austin Powers, Dr. Evil, and Fat\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1815201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The London Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The London Spy The London Spy by Ned Ward (1660/67 – June 20, 1731) was a periodical about London life, later published as a book. Ward first published the story as a series of 16-page periodicals during 1698–1700, comprising 18 folio editions. They were printed as a collection in book form in 1703 by J. How of Gracechurch Street, London, a mile from where Ward had his public house. The parts are arranged topographically, the story being told in the first person by the author, under the persona of \\\"The London Spy\\\". It concerns his adventures as an ostensibly innocent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11010161\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (film) The Spy Who Loved Me is a 1977 British spy film, the tenth in the \\\"James Bond\\\" series produced by Eon Productions, and the third to star Roger Moore as the fictional secret agent James Bond. Barbara Bach and Curt Jürgens co-star. It was directed by Lewis Gilbert and the screenplay was written by Christopher Wood and Richard Maibaum. The film takes its title from Ian Fleming's novel \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\", the tenth book in the James Bond series, though it does not contain any elements of the novel's plot. The storyline\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8516391\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Learned Me\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Learned Me \\\"The Spy Who Learned Me\\\" is the twentieth episode of the 23rd season of the American animated sitcom \\\"The Simpsons\\\". It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on May 6, 2012. On their date night, Homer takes Marge to an action film featuring the legendary fictional spy character Stradivarius Cain (voiced by Bryan Cranston), but Homer's endless series of humorous shout-outs during the film earn him as much contempt from Marge as they do kudos from Lenny and Carl. Marge makes it clear the next morning she is still angry at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15919479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel) The Spy Who Loved Me is the ninth novel in Ian Fleming's James Bond series, first published by Jonathan Cape on 16 April 1962. It is the shortest and most sexually explicit of Fleming's novels, as well as a clear departure from previous Bond novels in that the story is told in the first person by a young Canadian woman, Vivienne Michel. Bond himself does not appear until two-thirds of the way through the book. Fleming wrote a prologue to the novel giving Michel credit as a co-author. Fleming was not happy with the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703621\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Learned Me\",\n \"text\": \"Lisa notes \\\"he is tough on nerds, but easy on the eyes\\\" as Bart stares at her in disbelief. The name of the episode is a pun on the James Bond Film 'The Spy Who Loved Me' Stratavarius Cain is a take on James Bond. Blue-eyed man is based on Tony Montana of Scarface (1983) Rowan Kaiser of \\\"The A.V. Club\\\" said the episode was a \\\"simple, emotional story\\\", noting that most of it had been done many times before by the show, but it still \\\"worked\\\" and was funny, thus earning a B+ grade. The Spy Who Learned Me\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15919484\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy (Cooper novel)\",\n \"text\": \"ground between the British and Continental armies. Harvey Birch, peddler and patriot, is a character remotely founded upon that of a real spy who helped John Jay. H. L. Barnum's \\\"The Spy Unmasked; or Memoirs of Enoch Crosby, alias Harvey Birch\\\" (1828; 5th ed., 1864) claimed to identify the historical spy. The Spy (Cooper novel) The Spy: a Tale of the Neutral Ground was James Fenimore Cooper's second novel, published in 1821 by Wiley & Halsted. This was the earliest American novel to win wide and permanent fame and may be said to have begun the type of romance which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17193477\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)\",\n \"text\": \"film critic Michael Sragow. The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film) The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1965 British Cold War spy film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Richard Burton, Claire Bloom, and Oskar Werner. Based on the 1963 John le Carré novel of the same name, the film depicts British agent Alec Leamus' mission as a faux defector to East Germany who is tasked with sowing damaging disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. As part of a charade, Leamus pretends to quit British intelligence and live as an embittered alcoholic.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9674839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film) The Spy Who Came in from the Cold is a 1965 British Cold War spy film directed by Martin Ritt and starring Richard Burton, Claire Bloom, and Oskar Werner. Based on the 1963 John le Carré novel of the same name, the film depicts British agent Alec Leamus' mission as a faux defector to East Germany who is tasked with sowing damaging disinformation about a powerful East German intelligence officer. As part of a charade, Leamus pretends to quit British intelligence and live as an embittered alcoholic. He allows himself to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9674825\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy\",\n \"text\": \"She would decide for White Spy or Black Spy, and she also added some balance and variety to the basic 'Spy vs. Spy' formula.\\\" Grey Spy's last appearance under Prohías was \\\"Mad Magazine\\\" #99 (Dec. 1965); she did not appear again until Bob Clarke and Duck Edwing took over the strip. Leaders — They are the barrel-chested, medal-decorated bosses of Black Spy and White Spy, who give them tasks and punish them for their failures. The Leaders were phased out when Peter Kuper took over writing and illustrating the strip. Spy vs. Spy Spy vs. Spy is a wordless comic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3612357\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)\",\n \"text\": \"Burton's then wife, Elizabeth Taylor. Ardmore Studios in Ireland and England's Shepperton Studios were used for the shooting of interior scenes. \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" took in $7,600,000 at the box office. Bosley Crowther of \\\"The New York Times\\\" wrote, \\\"After all the spy and mystery movies of a romantic and implausible nature that we have seen, it is great to see one as realistic, and believable too, as 'The Spy Who Came in From the Cold.'\\\" \\\"Variety\\\" called the film \\\"an excellent contemporary espionage drama of the Cold War which achieves solid impact via emphasis\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9674835\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)\",\n \"text\": \"capable of transforming from car to submarine in the film, was purchased for £616,000 at a London auction in October 2013 by Elon Musk, who plans to rebuild the vehicle and attempt to make the fictional dual-purpose car be an actual dual-purpose car (underwater and on land). The Spy Who Loved Me (film) The Spy Who Loved Me is a 1977 British spy film, the tenth in the \\\"James Bond\\\" series produced by Eon Productions, and the third to star Roger Moore as the fictional secret agent James Bond. Barbara Bach and Curt Jürgens co-star. It was directed by Lewis\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8516428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (video game)\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (video game) James Bond: The Spy Who Loved Me is a video game adaptation of the 1977 James Bond film \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\". The game was released for the Amiga, Atari ST, Amstrad CPC, Commodore 64, MS-DOS computers, and ZX Spectrum in 1990. A version was planned for PS1 but was cancelled. \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" is a top-down shooter game in which the player navigates James Bond driving a modified Lotus Esprit. It features the characters from the film and some new characters. The game received a good, but not excellent,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11479414\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Spy vs. Spy Spy vs. Spy is a wordless comic strip published in \\\"Mad\\\" magazine. It features two agents involved in stereotypical and comical espionage activities. One is dressed in white, and the other in black, but they are otherwise identical, and are particularly known for their long, beaklike heads and their white pupils and black sclera. The pair are always at war with each other, using a variety of booby-traps to inflict harm on the other. The spies usually alternate between victory and defeat with each new strip. A parody of the political ideologies of the Cold War, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3612350\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack)\",\n \"text\": \"their scores. The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack) The Spy Who Loved Me is the soundtrack for the tenth James Bond \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\". The soundtrack is one of only two Bond soundtracks to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score. The other score nominated was \\\"Skyfall\\\" (2013). The theme song \\\"Nobody Does It Better\\\" was composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager and was performed by Carly Simon. It was nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to \\\"You Light Up My Life\\\". It was one of five\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8652822\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack)\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (soundtrack) The Spy Who Loved Me is the soundtrack for the tenth James Bond \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\". The soundtrack is one of only two Bond soundtracks to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score. The other score nominated was \\\"Skyfall\\\" (2013). The theme song \\\"Nobody Does It Better\\\" was composed by Marvin Hamlisch with lyrics by Carole Bayer Sager and was performed by Carly Simon. It was nominated for Academy Award for Best Original Song but lost to \\\"You Light Up My Life\\\". It was one of five Bond theme\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8652814\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me\",\n \"text\": \"Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me Austin Powers: The Spy Who Shagged Me is a 1999 American spy comedy film directed by Jay Roach, and the second installment in the \\\"Austin Powers\\\" film series. It stars franchise co-producer and writer Mike Myers as Austin Powers, Dr. Evil, and Fat Bastard. The film also stars Heather Graham, Michael York, Robert Wagner, Seth Green, and Elizabeth Hurley. The film's title is a play on the James Bond film \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" (1977). The film grossed around $312 million in worldwide ticket sales, taking more money during its opening weekend\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1815189\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"Bond, but also by the police officer involved. Benson argues that this runs counter to another theme in the novel, which had also appeared in a number of other Bond books including \\\"Goldfinger\\\": the concept of Bond as Saint George against the dragon. In this Black agrees, who sees \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" as being \\\"an account of the vulnerable under challenge, of the manipulative nature of individuals and of the possibility of being trapped by evil\\\". \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" was written in Jamaica at Fleming's Goldeneye estate in January and February 1961, and was the shortest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703631\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"100 Novels\\\" by \\\"Time\\\" magazine. In 1965, Martin Ritt directed the cinematic adaptation \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\", with Richard Burton as Leamas. \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" occurs during the heightened tensions that characterized the late 1950s and early 1960s Cold War, when a Warsaw Pact–NATO war sparked in Germany seemed likely. The story begins and concludes in East Germany, about a year after the completion of the Berlin Wall and around the time when double-agent Heinz Felfe was exposed and tried. In \\\"Call for the Dead\\\", le Carré's debut novel, a key\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406313\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"character is Hans-Dieter Mundt, an assassin of the Abteilung (\\\"the Department\\\"), the East German Secret Service, who is working under diplomatic cover in London. When uncovered by agents George Smiley and Peter Guillam of the British intelligence service \\\"the Circus\\\" (which is led by \\\"Control\\\"), he escapes from England to East Germany before Smiley and Guillam can catch him. Two years later, at the time of \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\", Mundt has risen from the field to the upper echelon of the Abteilung, because of his successful counter-intelligence operations against the spy networks of the British\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406314\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and received mixed reviews from critics, who questioned the film's intended genre and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261753\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 13th Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The 13th Spy The 13th Spy is the eighth novel in the Killmaster series. Nick Carter is a fictional character appearing in a series of over 250 spy adventures published from 1964 to the 1990s. Carter is a special agent working in AXE - an ultrasecret arm of the US intelligence services. He is the most deadly agent in AXE and holds the rank of Killmaster. The book was first published in May 1965 (Number A139F) by Award Books part of the Beacon-Signal division of Universal Publishing and Distributing Corporation (New York, USA), part of the Conde Nast Publications Inc.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9623766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)\",\n \"text\": \"from 1982 to the present day. Spy vs Spy (Australian band) v.Spy v.Spy, also known as Spy v Spy, The Drug Grannies and The Spies, were an Australian ska/pub rock band from Sydney formed in 1981. They became known for tackling political issues through their music, including racism, homelessness and contemporary drug culture. They were named after a comic strip, \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\" in the US \\\"Mad\\\" magazine. The band's initial line-up was the trio of Craig Bloxom on bass guitar/lead vocals, Cliff Grigg on drums/percussion and Mike Weiley on lead guitar/vocals. Spy vs Spy's early music was ska-influenced indie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6448466\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)\",\n \"text\": \"Spy vs Spy (Australian band) v.Spy v.Spy, also known as Spy v Spy, The Drug Grannies and The Spies, were an Australian ska/pub rock band from Sydney formed in 1981. They became known for tackling political issues through their music, including racism, homelessness and contemporary drug culture. They were named after a comic strip, \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\" in the US \\\"Mad\\\" magazine. The band's initial line-up was the trio of Craig Bloxom on bass guitar/lead vocals, Cliff Grigg on drums/percussion and Mike Weiley on lead guitar/vocals. Spy vs Spy's early music was ska-influenced indie rock, exemplified by their debut single\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6448450\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"Kunis was the ideal straight woman calling the two a smart match. The Spy Who Dumped Me The Spy Who Dumped Me is a 2018 American action comedy film directed by Susanna Fogel and co-written by Fogel and David Iserson. The film stars Mila Kunis, Kate McKinnon, Justin Theroux, Sam Heughan, Hasan Minhaj and Gillian Anderson and follows two best friends who are chased through Europe by assassins after one of their ex-boyfriends turns out to be a CIA agent. The film was released in the United States on August 3, 2018, by Lionsgate. It grossed over $75 million and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261771\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Spy in the House of Love\",\n \"text\": \"A Spy in the House of Love A Spy in the House of Love is a novel by Anaïs Nin published in 1954. Alongside her other novels, \\\"Ladders to Fire\\\", \\\"Children of the Albatross\\\", \\\"The Four-Chambered Heart\\\" and \\\"Seduction of the Minotaur\\\", which were all first published in the United States between the 1940s and 1960s, \\\"A Spy in the House of Love\\\" was gathered into a collection of her novels known as \\\"Cities of the Interior\\\". The novel follows the character of Sabina; a woman who dares to enjoy the sexual licence that men have always known. Wearing extravagant\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3126591\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" grossed $33.6 million in the United States and Canada, and $41.7 million in other territories, for a total worldwide gross of $75.3 million, against a production budget of $40 million. In the United States and Canada, \\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" was released alongside \\\"Christopher Robin\\\", \\\"The Darkest Minds\\\" and \\\"\\\", and was projected to gross $10–15 million from 3,111 theaters in its opening weekend. The film made $5 million on its first day, including $950,000 from Thursday night previews. It went on to debut to $12.4 million, finishing third at the box office behind holdover\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"film's comic agenda\\\" and also commented that \\\"\\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" isn't just painfully unfunny—it criminally wastes the comic talents of Kate McKinnon.\\\" Richard Brody of \\\"The New Yorker\\\" praised the film stating, \\\"Mila Kunis and Kate McKinnon riff gleefully in the ample and precise framework of Susanna Fogel's effervescent action comedy\\\", while Justin Chang of the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\" also gave a positive review saying, \\\"\\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" [is] a fast, funny Europe-trotting buddy caper\\\". Johnny Oleksinski of \\\"The New York Post\\\" opined it was nice to see McKinnon used properly in a movie and that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261770\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"having finally become real spies. Principal photography began production in Budapest, Hungary in July 2017. It also took place in Amsterdam that September, wrapping that same month. \\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" premiered at Regency Village Theater in Los Angeles on July 25, 2018. The film was originally scheduled to be released on July 6, 2018, but after \\\"a phenomenal test screening\\\" it was pushed back a month to August 3, 2018, in order to avoid a crowded July frame. \\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 30, 2018 by Lionsgate Home Entertainment. \\\"The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261765\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"suspicion of Leamas' escape. She falls and as Smiley calls out to Leamas from the other side of the wall, he hesitates. Then he climbs back down the Eastern side of the wall, to be shot and killed too. At its publication during the Cold War (1945–91), the moral presentation of \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" (1963) rendered it a revolutionary espionage novel by showing the intelligence services of both the Eastern and Western nations as engaging in the same expedient amorality in the name of national security. John le Carré also presented his western spy as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406323\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Boxer and the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Boxer and the Spy The Boxer and the Spy (2008) is a crime novel for young adults by American author Robert B. Parker. In a quiet New England town, the body of shy teenager Jason Green washes up on the shore, and the police soon claim that the death was a suicide induced by steroid addiction. However, Terry Novak, a fifteen-year-old aspiring boxer, is not so sure, especially considering that Jason was an artistic person who had no interest in sports, and thus was not the type to be taking such drugs. Assisted by his friend Abby, he begins\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13175265\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Boxer and the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"an investigation of his own, and soon learns that asking too many questions can lead him into serious danger. The Boxer and the Spy The Boxer and the Spy (2008) is a crime novel for young adults by American author Robert B. Parker. In a quiet New England town, the body of shy teenager Jason Green washes up on the shore, and the police soon claim that the death was a suicide induced by steroid addiction. However, Terry Novak, a fifteen-year-old aspiring boxer, is not so sure, especially considering that Jason was an artistic person who had no interest in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13175266\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harriet the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Cheaper by the Dozen 2\\\" as Harriet's friend Sport, and \\\"\\\"'s Melinda Shankar as Janie. In this film Harriet competes against Marion Hawthorne to see who has a better blog. Harriet the Spy Harriet the Spy is a children's novel written and illustrated by Louise Fitzhugh that was published in 1964. It has been called \\\"a milestone in children's literature\\\" and a \\\"classic\\\". In the U.S. it ranked number 12 book for kids and number 17 all-time children's novel on two lists generated in 2012. Eleven-year-old Harriet M. Welsch is an aspiring writer who lives in New York City's Upper\",\n \"psg_id\": \"769171\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Pinkerton Labor Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Pinkerton Labor Spy The Pinkerton Labor Spy (alternately, The Pinkerton's Labor Spy) is a nonfiction book published in 1907 as an exposé of intrigue and abuses by the Pinkerton Detective Agency in general, and by chief agent James McParland in particular. The book detailed the use of spies by mining and ore milling companies during the period of the Colorado Labor Wars. It described the recruiting, utilization, and management of agents who infiltrated the Western Federation of Miners and the United Mine Workers unions for the purposes of disruption, sabotage, and gathering information. The author of the book, Morris\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14630126\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Impossible Spy\",\n \"text\": \"John Shea, Eli Wallach, and Sasson Gabai. \\\"The Impossible Spy\\\" was released in 1987 and won an HBO CableACE Award for Best Picture. The Impossible Spy The Impossible Spy is a television film based on the true story of an Israeli civilian spy, Eli Cohen, who was recruited into Israel's secret intelligence agency (the Mossad) in the 1960s to become a spy in Damascus. Prior to his capture in 1965, Cohen was about to be appointed the third-most powerful figure in Syria—the Deputy Minister of Defense. Cohen's memorization of Syria's individual gun placements along the Golan Heights enabled Israel to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19307562\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy\",\n \"text\": \"of fighting against a set rival, he simply does horrible things to anyone he can find. The cover copy of \\\"The All New Mad Secret File on Spy vs. Spy\\\" provides early insight to the characters and Prohías' views on the Castro regime and the CIA: Grey Spy (or \\\"Woman in Grey\\\") — She debuted in \\\"Mad\\\" magazine #73 (Sept. 1962) (the strip was temporarily renamed \\\"Spy vs. Spy vs. Spy\\\"). Grey Spy's appearances were sporadic, but she always triumphed by using the infatuations of Black Spy and White Spy to her advantage. Prohías explained, \\\"the lady Spy represented neutrality.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3612356\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"as much action as anyone could take.\\\" In their guide \\\"The Bond Files\\\", Andy Lane and Paul Simpson say Wood's novel \\\"counts as a decent Bond novel in its own right, and is certainly more stylish than many of the later volumes.\\\" That said, fan reaction to the novelization has been largely positive, with many fans claiming it to be one of the better James Bond continuation novels. James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me James Bond, The Spy Who Loved Me is the official novelization of the 1977 Eon \\\"James Bond\\\" film \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\", which was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4397910\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)\",\n \"text\": \"and judged 79% of the reviews to be positive. When Ian Fleming sold the film rights to the James Bond novels to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, he gave permission only for the title \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" to be used. Since the screenplay for the film had nothing to do with Fleming's original novel, Eon Productions, for the first time, authorised a novelisation based upon the script. This would also be the first regular Bond novel published since \\\"Colonel Sun\\\" nearly a decade earlier. Christopher Wood, who co-authored the screenplay, was commissioned to write the book titled\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8516425\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"\\\" and \\\"Christopher Robin\\\". It fell 45% to $6.6 million in its second weekend, finishing sixth. On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 49% based on 184 reviews, with an average rating of 5.3/10. The website's critical consensus reads, \\\"\\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" isn't the funniest or most inventive spy comedy, but Kate McKinnon remains as compulsively watchable as ever.\\\" On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 52 out of 100, based on 43 critics, indicating \\\"mixed or average reviews\\\". Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"stars, saying: \\\"Perhaps the problem isn't one of too little ambition, but of too much. \\\"The Spy Who Dumped Me\\\" is, after all, trying earnestly to be about half a dozen different things: a buddy comedy, a spy drama, a raunch fest, a thrilling action film. It's just that it doesn't have the focus to do any of those things particularly well.\\\" \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"s Peter Travers criticized the film, awarding it 2 out of 5 stars. Travers stated that the film \\\"spends way too much time on car chases, shootouts, knife fights and R-rated violence that doesn't square with the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261769\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The 13th Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Brothers Twelve, escapes after rigging the warehouse to explode with Sichikova still inside. During a car chase through the outskirts of Moscow Carter forces Chou's car off the road and into the Moscow River. Carter returns to the burnt-out warehouse to find that Valentina has survived the explosion. The 13th Spy The 13th Spy is the eighth novel in the Killmaster series. Nick Carter is a fictional character appearing in a series of over 250 spy adventures published from 1964 to the 1990s. Carter is a special agent working in AXE - an ultrasecret arm of the US intelligence services.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9623771\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game)\",\n \"text\": \"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a video game developed by Vicious Cycle Software, published by Global Star Software and based on the \\\"MAD\\\" magazine's titular comic strip. The game features the two spies (\\\"Black\\\" and \\\"White\\\") in a unique story mode, plus two other game modes (\\\"Modern\\\" and \\\"Classic\\\"), and a multiplayer mode for up to 4 players. A GameCube version was planned, but it was cancelled. In this single-player mode, the player is able to choose between Black Spy or White Spy to complete a variety of missions filled with puzzles and a cast\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14586002\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy (1984 video game)\",\n \"text\": \"Spy vs. Spy (1984 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a game published by First Star Software in 1984 for the Atari 8-bit family, Commodore 64 and Apple II computers. It was a two-player, split-screen game, based on MAD Magazine's long running cartoon strip, \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\", about the slapstick antics of two spies trying to kill each other with improbably complex and elaborate traps and weapons. It was later ported to a much wider range of platforms including the ZX Spectrum, Acorn Electron, Atari ST, BBC Micro, Commodore 16, MSX, Amstrad CPC, Amiga, Master System, Game Boy, Xbox, Game\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3309379\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harriet the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Harriet the Spy Harriet the Spy is a children's novel written and illustrated by Louise Fitzhugh that was published in 1964. It has been called \\\"a milestone in children's literature\\\" and a \\\"classic\\\". In the U.S. it ranked number 12 book for kids and number 17 all-time children's novel on two lists generated in 2012. Eleven-year-old Harriet M. Welsch is an aspiring writer who lives in New York City's Upper East Side. Harriet is precocious, and enthusiastic about her future career. Encouraged by her nanny, Catherine \\\"Ole Golly,\\\" Harriet carefully observes others and writes her thoughts down in a notebook\",\n \"psg_id\": \"769152\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game)\",\n \"text\": \"is currently being developed by ONIGAME Team.<ref name=\\\"sequel/remaster\\\"></ref> Spy vs. Spy (2005 video game) Spy vs. Spy is a video game developed by Vicious Cycle Software, published by Global Star Software and based on the \\\"MAD\\\" magazine's titular comic strip. The game features the two spies (\\\"Black\\\" and \\\"White\\\") in a unique story mode, plus two other game modes (\\\"Modern\\\" and \\\"Classic\\\"), and a multiplayer mode for up to 4 players. A GameCube version was planned, but it was cancelled. In this single-player mode, the player is able to choose between Black Spy or White Spy to complete a variety\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14586006\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy in Black\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy in Black The Spy in Black (US: U-Boat 29) is a 1939 British film, and the first collaboration between the British filmmakers Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger. They were brought together by Alexander Korda to make the World War I spy thriller by Joseph Storer Clouston into a film. Powell and Pressburger eventually made over 20 films during the course of their partnership. \\\"The Spy in Black\\\" stars Conrad Veidt, Valerie Hobson, Sebastian Shaw and features Marius Goring. In March 1917, Captain Hardt (Conrad Veidt), a World War I German U-boat commander, is ordered to lead a mission\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4265382\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Impossible Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Impossible Spy The Impossible Spy is a television film based on the true story of an Israeli civilian spy, Eli Cohen, who was recruited into Israel's secret intelligence agency (the Mossad) in the 1960s to become a spy in Damascus. Prior to his capture in 1965, Cohen was about to be appointed the third-most powerful figure in Syria—the Deputy Minister of Defense. Cohen's memorization of Syria's individual gun placements along the Golan Heights enabled Israel to defeat Syria in the Six-Day War in 1967. The film's executive producer was Harvey Chertok; it was directed by Jim Goddard and starred\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19307561\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy (magazine)\",\n \"text\": \"Hebdo\\\", calling \\\"Spy\\\" a \\\"rag magazine\\\" In October 2016, \\\"Esquire\\\" magazine produced a special online version of \\\"Spy\\\" during the last thirty days of the presidential campaign. Spy (magazine) Spy was a satirical monthly magazine published from 1986 to 1998. Based in New York City, the magazine was founded by Kurt Andersen and E. Graydon Carter, who served as its first editors, and Thomas L. Phillips, Jr., its first publisher. \\\"Spy\\\" specialized in irreverent and satirical pieces targeting the American media and entertainment industries and mocking high society. Some of its features attempted to present the darker side of celebrities\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3116148\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold (film)\",\n \"text\": \"on human values, total absence of mechanical spy gimmickry, and perfectly controlled underplaying.\\\" Philip K. Scheuer of the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\" wrote, \\\"It is not an easy, certainly not a pleasant, picture to sit through; too impersonal, too objective, to move us to weep, so that its ending can only leave us tremendously depressed.\\\" Richard L. Coe of \\\"The Washington Post\\\" declared, \\\"Not having shared the evidently widespread admiration for 'The Spy Who Came In From the Cold' in its original form as a novel, I nonetheless find it a wholly absorbing picture.\\\" Brendan Gill of \\\"The New Yorker\\\" called\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9674836\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (film)\",\n \"text\": \"the credit style first used in \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" has been used on all Eon Bond films since \\\"For Your Eyes Only\\\", including \\\"Casino Royale\\\". Broccoli commissioned a number of writers to work on the script, including Stirling Silliphant, John Landis, Ronald Hardy, Anthony Burgess, and Derek Marlowe. The British television producer Gerry Anderson also stated that he provided a film treatment (although originally planned to be \\\"Moonraker\\\") much similar to what ended up as \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\". Eventually, Richard Maibaum provided the screenplay, and at first he tried to incorporate ideas from all of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8516403\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"God's Spy\",\n \"text\": \"recently found dead; he had also been tortured. Desperate to find the killer before another victim dies, Paola's investigation is soon joined by Father Anthony Fowler — an American priest and former Army intelligence officer examining sexual abuse in the Church, who knows far more about the killer than Paola could possibly imagine. There is also a number of minor, real life characters, e.g. George W. Bush, John Negroponte, John Paul II, Benedict XVI and many others. \\\"God's Spy\\\" by Juan Gómez-Jurado God's Spy God's Spy is a 2007 bestselling thriller novel by Juan Gómez-Jurado originally published in Spain. It\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10012874\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Liar & Spy\",\n \"text\": \"named the novel to one of its Best Books of 2012. Liar & Spy Liar & Spy is a children's novel written by Rebecca Stead published in 2012 that is set in Brooklyn and describes the adventures of Georges and Safer, two middle school students who are working to unmask a suspected spy in their building. At the same time, Georges is experiencing a casual bullying that adults in his life seem to minimize. Stead was the first American author to win the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize for \\\"Liar & Spy\\\", in 2013. The day that Georges (with a silent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20757121\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Liar & Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Liar & Spy Liar & Spy is a children's novel written by Rebecca Stead published in 2012 that is set in Brooklyn and describes the adventures of Georges and Safer, two middle school students who are working to unmask a suspected spy in their building. At the same time, Georges is experiencing a casual bullying that adults in his life seem to minimize. Stead was the first American author to win the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize for \\\"Liar & Spy\\\", in 2013. The day that Georges (with a silent s, named for Georges Seurat) moves from a house to an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20757116\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy\",\n \"text\": \"to the offices of \\\"Mad\\\" magazine in New York City on July 12, 1960. After a successful showing of his work and a prototype cartoon for \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\", Prohías was hired. Prohías cryptically \\\"signed\\\" each strip on its first panel with a sequence of Morse code characters that spell \\\"BY PROHIAS\\\". In a 1983 interview with the \\\"Miami Herald\\\", Prohías reflected on the success of \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\", stating, \\\"The sweetest revenge has been to turn Fidel's accusation of me as a spy into a moneymaking venture.\\\" Prohías, however, was censored by \\\"Mad\\\" magazine publisher William Gaines on at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3612352\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy FM\",\n \"text\": \"the station completely digital at thespyfm.com. In 2012, The Spy and KOSU established a new partnership that allowed The Spy to return to the FM dial. In 2017, The Spy launched a podcast platform in August with their first show Localites OKC. Localites OKC is a weekly podcast hosted by Anna Farha and Kayla Coffey discussing local events and happenings. New episodes are released every Thursday. In October, OKC OVER EASY joined the podcast network as the second podcast. OKC OVER EASY is hosted by Malory Craft and releases new episodes on Sundays. The Spy FM The Spy is an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20191533\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Gone North\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy Gone North The Spy Gone North is a 2018 South Korean spy drama film directed by Yoon Jong-bin. It stars Hwang Jung-min, Lee Sung-min, Cho Jin-woong and Ju Ji-hoon. The film is loosely based on the true story of Park Chae-seo, a former South Korean agent who infiltrated North Korea's nuclear facilities. The film was released in theaters on August 8, 2018. The story follows a South Korean spy who infiltrates the North to obtain intelligence on the country's nuclear weapons plans in the mid-1990s. Filming began on January 24, 2017 and concluded on July 25, 2017. Some\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20141450\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)\",\n \"text\": \"the inner Sydney suburb of Glebe. They named their band for a comic strip, \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\" in the US \\\"Mad\\\" magazine. As a rent saving device Bloxom and Weiley also moved into Grigg's squat, which initially had no roof: it also became their rehearsal site. Spy vs Spy had their first performance at Sydney's Sussex Hotel, filling in for The Fast Cars, whose singer had unexpectedly taken ill. From there the band developed an enthusiastic pub following for their distinctive brand of ska-flavoured indie rock. Dirty Pool management picked them up and they performed at many Sydney venues, particularly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6448454\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy in the Wild\",\n \"text\": \"Spy in the Wild Spy in the Wild is a 2017 British nature documentary television series, produced by BBC Natural History Unit, John Downer Productions and PBS.. The series ran for five episodes from 12 January 2017 and concluded on 3 February 2017, and aired on BBC One. The series focuses on the complex emotions of animals, using more than 30 specially built animatronic \\\"spy creatures\\\". The series was narrated by David Tennant in the original version, while Brian Unger provides substitute narration in the American PBS version as it was broadcast under \\\"Nature\\\" Special Presentation series. A two-disc DVD\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19981764\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The London Spy\",\n \"text\": \"country gentleman visiting London, his native-Londoner chaperone-cum-guide, and the adventures that befall them. They travel about London, visiting various inns and tourist attractions, and meeting the people who lived there. The work gives vivid depictions of the lower classes of the day and how they made ends meet – including prostitution, robbery, burglary and other felonious activities. It is a ribald story, written in part in prose, and contains many slang expressions used at that time. \\\"The London Spy\\\" by Ned Ward. Edited by Kenneth Fenwick (1955). The Folio Society: London. The London Spy The London Spy by Ned Ward\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11010162\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Accidental Spy\",\n \"text\": \"arranged to be performed by him as an informal, non-official agent (an \\\"accidental spy\\\"). He was chosen because of his background as an orphan, his sharp intuition and excellent fighting skills. The dream of his parents is actually an illusion created by Liu, who added drugs into Yuen's drink to put him into a hypnotic state. In a post-credits scene, Yuen, now officially a spy, delivers a briefcase to a drug dealer in Italy and tips off the police to arrest him. \\\"The Accidental Spy\\\" holds a 29% \\\"rotten\\\" rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 7 reviews. Dimension (a sub-set\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5482956\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Dumped Me\",\n \"text\": \"a man Morgan had previously met at the bar, who is himself a spy, who is then killed by Morgan by pushing him off the balcony before he can attack Audrey. After fleeing their apartment, Morgan convinces Audrey that they should go to Vienna especially since their passports were still in their car from a previous roadtrip. At the LAX airport, Audrey and Morgan purchase a suitcase in effort to look less suspicious. In addition, they purchase several trophies to fill the suitcase. Once in Vienna, they go to the café Drew told them to go to. Sebastian appears and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20261756\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Unlikely Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Unlikely Spy The Unlikely Spy is a 1996 spy novel written by Daniel Silva, set during World War II. While some of the characters and events are fictional, the book is based on the real-life attempt by the Allies to use British intelligence to cover up the true plans for D-Day. The deception plan was called Operation Fortitude, and Double Cross also played a role. Specifically, the book has a backdrop (a subset of Fortitude referred to as Fortitude South). Set during World War II, the book follows Alfred Vicary, a historian and friend of Winston Churchill, who joins\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8687643\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Northern Spy\",\n \"text\": \"stock for grafting other varieties to become standard size trees. A Northern Spy apple tree figures in the poem \\\"Conrad Siever\\\" in Edgar Lee Masters' \\\"Spoon River Anthology\\\", and in the poetry of Chase Twichell, whose first book \\\"Northern Spy\\\" was published by the University of Pittsburgh Press in 1981. Northern Spy The Northern Spy, also called 'Spy' and 'King', is a cultivar of domesticated apple that originated in East Bloomfield, New York in about 1800. It is popular in upstate New York. The Northern Spy was one of four apples honored by the United States Postal Service in a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7333529\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"God's Spy\",\n \"text\": \"God's Spy God's Spy is a 2007 bestselling thriller novel by Juan Gómez-Jurado originally published in Spain. It has become an instant bestseller throughout Europe with a million copies sold to date and is going to be published in 42 countries. The plot is set in the Vatican, where, in the aftermath of Pope John Paul II's death, the hunt for a serial killer and sex offender — and former priest — reveals a chilling conspiracy. It is a detective story where the psychological portrait of Victor Karosky, the serial killer (which name is known from the first line of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10012872\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World\",\n \"text\": \"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (often referred to as Spy Kids 4D, also known as Spy Kids 4: All the Time in the World and Spy Kids 4D: All the Time in the World) is a 2011 American 4D spy adventure comedy film written and directed by Robert Rodriguez. It is the fourth installment in the \\\"Spy Kids\\\" film series and the sequel to 2003's \\\"\\\". The film stars Jessica Alba, Joel McHale, Alexa Vega, Daryl Sabara, Rowan Blanchard, Mason Cook, Ricky Gervais and Jeremy Piven in a multitude\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15029169\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy Kids: All the Time in the World\",\n \"text\": \"Meets World\\\" and \\\"Speechless\\\" respectively), and the planned sequel got cancelled as a result. Netflix and The Weinstein Company announced on June 16, 2016 an animated CGI reboot of the \\\"Spy Kids\\\" film series titled \\\"\\\" which was released in 2018. Spy Kids: All the Time in the World Spy Kids: All the Time in the World (often referred to as Spy Kids 4D, also known as Spy Kids 4: All the Time in the World and Spy Kids 4D: All the Time in the World) is a 2011 American 4D spy adventure comedy film written and directed by Robert\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15029184\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"spy novels in 2006. Paramount Television and The Ink Factory—who had previously produced \\\"The Night Manager\\\"—are developing a limited series based on the novel, with Simon Beaufoy as the writer. On 14 January 2017, AMC and the BBC joined with The Ink Factory for the series. Le Carré's book won a 1963 Gold Dagger award from the Crime Writers' Association for \\\"Best Crime Novel\\\". Two years later the US edition was awarded the Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for \\\"Best Mystery Novel\\\". It was the first work to win the award for \\\"Best Novel\\\" from both mystery\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406325\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Two-Headed Spy\",\n \"text\": \"a story consultant. The Two-Headed Spy The Two-Headed Spy is a 1958 British spy thriller film directed by Andre DeToth and starring Jack Hawkins, Gia Scala, Erik Schumann and Alexander Knox. The film, which has elements of film noir and is set in the Second World War, was based on a story by J. Alvin Kugelmass called \\\"Britain's Two-Headed Spy\\\" and is notable for having been scripted by blacklisted writers. The story commences in 1939. Alex Schottland (Jack Hawkins), a general in the German Army, is actually a British agent who was planted in Germany toward the end of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11675107\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Two-Headed Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Two-Headed Spy The Two-Headed Spy is a 1958 British spy thriller film directed by Andre DeToth and starring Jack Hawkins, Gia Scala, Erik Schumann and Alexander Knox. The film, which has elements of film noir and is set in the Second World War, was based on a story by J. Alvin Kugelmass called \\\"Britain's Two-Headed Spy\\\" and is notable for having been scripted by blacklisted writers. The story commences in 1939. Alex Schottland (Jack Hawkins), a general in the German Army, is actually a British agent who was planted in Germany toward the end of the First World War.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11675102\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Faithful Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Faithful Spy The Faithful Spy is a novel by \\\"New York Times\\\" reporter Alex Berenson. The novel won an Edgar award for Best First novel. It was published in 2006 by Random House and deals with the September 11th terrorist attacks. The book begins a few months after the September 11th terrorist attacks on the United States, with John Wells, an undercover CIA agent, in the middle of a battle in Afghanistan. Wells has been undercover with Al Qaeda for many years, fighting in Chechnya, Afghanistan and Pakistan. During the battle he and his crew of Al-Qaeda members are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13050213\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"book, owing to the reactions by critics and fans, and attempted to suppress elements of it where he could: he blocked a paperback edition in the United Kingdom and only gave permission for the title to be used when he sold the film rights to Harry Saltzman and Albert R. Broccoli, rather than any aspects of the plots. However, a British paperback edition was published after his death, and the Bond film character of Jaws is loosely based on one of the characters in the book. A heavily adapted version of \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" appeared in the \\\"Daily\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703622\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Faithful Spy\",\n \"text\": \"several other Al Qaeda members have infected themselves with the plague and plan to spread it throughout the population, creating a pandemic within the United States. Wells, with the help of Exley, is able to kill the infected terrorists and take out their leader, Khadri, thwarting their plans. John Wells- Jennifer Exley- Vinny Duto- Omar Khadri- Shafer- The Faithful Spy The Faithful Spy is a novel by \\\"New York Times\\\" reporter Alex Berenson. The novel won an Edgar award for Best First novel. It was published in 2006 by Random House and deals with the September 11th terrorist attacks. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13050217\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)\",\n \"text\": \"be no reprints or paperback version of the book, and for the British market no paperback version appeared until after Fleming's death. Because of the heightened sexual writing in the novel, it was banned in a number of countries. In the US the story was also published in \\\"Stag\\\" magazine, with the title changed to \\\"Motel Nymph\\\". Broadly, the critics did not welcome Fleming's experiment with the Bond formula; academic Christoph Linder has pointed out that \\\"The Spy Who Loved Me\\\" received the worst reception of all the Bond books. \\\"The Daily Telegraph\\\", for example, wrote \\\"Oh Dear Oh Dear\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2703636\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harriet the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"books for children. In 2005, the ex-CIA officer Lindsay Moran cited the \\\"Harriet the Spy\\\" series of books as an inspiration for her career. It was included in a 2009 list of \\\"Children’s Classics\\\" by \\\"The Horn Book Magazine\\\". In 2012 \\\"Harriet the Spy\\\" was ranked number 17 among all-time children's novels in a survey published by \\\"School Library Journal\\\". Earlier that year, \\\"Time Out New York Kids\\\" ranked it number 12 among \\\"The 50 Best Books for Kids\\\". Late in 2015 the same source ranked it 34th among \\\"kids books of all time for families\\\", a collection including many\",\n \"psg_id\": \"769163\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs. Spy\",\n \"text\": \"strip was created by Cuban expatriate cartoonist Antonio Prohías, and debuted in \\\"Mad\\\" #60, dated January 1961. \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\" is currently written and drawn by Peter Kuper. The \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\" characters have been featured in such media as video games and an animated television series, and in such merchandise as action figures and trading cards. Prohías was a prolific cartoonist in Cuba known for political satire. He fled to the United States on May 1, 1960, three days before Fidel Castro's government nationalized the last of the Cuban free press. Prohías sought work in his profession and travelled\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3612351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy Smasher\",\n \"text\": \"killed in a plane crash) and his identical twin brother, and Marguerite Chapman as the brother's imperiled fiancée, Eve Corby. Edited down to 100 minutes in 1966 the serial was re-released for television under the title \\\"Spy Smasher Returns\\\". Spy Smasher will appear in the video game DC Universe Online. Spy Smasher Spy Smasher is the name of two fictional characters appearing in comics published by Fawcett and DC Comics. The first is a superhero that was formerly owned and published by Fawcett Comics. The second is a female anti-terrorism government agent often featured as an antagonist of the vigilante\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5275249\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy FM\",\n \"text\": \"the Program Director at 93.7 The Spy (KSPI-FM in Stillwater). When station owners took The Spy off the air in 2001, Ferris secured ownership of the brand and moved it to Oklahoma City. In 2002, Citadel Communications launched a deep alternative format radio station (KSYY) and asked Ferris to take the helm. The station was killed in June 2004, but Ferris kept “Spy Radio” on the air as a once weekly specialty show on KATT 100.5 The Katt. In 2009, Ferris purchased 105.3FM from Citadel and relaunched The Spy. When that purchase agreement feel through in December 2010, he took\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20191532\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Be an Interplanetary Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Be an Interplanetary Spy Be An Interplanetary Spy is a series of twelve interactive children's science fiction books designed by Byron Preiss Visual Publications and first published by Bantam Books from 1983 to 1985. Aimed at younger readers, these books were published in paperback form only, with brightly coloured covers and were heavily illustrated in black and white throughout. Unlike other series of interactive novels such as Choose Your Own Adventure stories or Fighting Fantasy gamebooks, each Interplanetary Spy book is made up largely of illustrations in a style that mixes comic book-like line drawings with blocky, straight edge illustrations\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9330138\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1985: The Year of the Spy\",\n \"text\": \"the help of his wife Mary, who drove home from the desert with a dummy decoy in the passenger seat of the car, and played a recording of Howard's voice on a phone line she knew the FBI was tapping. Howard defected to Russia where the Soviets granted him asylum, an apartment, and a new identity. Howard died on July 12, 2002, at the age of 50, according to former KGB chief Vladimir A. Kryuchkov and State Department spokesman Richard A. Boucher. 1985: The Year of the Spy The American media referred to 1985 as the Year of the Spy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11899445\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Reluctant Spy\",\n \"text\": \"attracting peculiar people. Hidden in his new coat is a microfilm which interests more than one secret service. After being drawn into the world of international espionage, a secret service of his own country hires him to lure enemy spies into a trap. The Reluctant Spy The Reluctant Spy (, , also known as \\\"How to Be a Spy Without Even Trying\\\") is a French-Italian spy-comedy film from 1963, directed by Jean-Charles Dudrumet, written by Michel Cousin, starring Jean Marais and Geneviève Page. It is a parody of espionage films. It was followed by sequel \\\"Pleins feux sur Stanislas\\\". Stanislas\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15581844\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Reluctant Spy\",\n \"text\": \"The Reluctant Spy The Reluctant Spy (, , also known as \\\"How to Be a Spy Without Even Trying\\\") is a French-Italian spy-comedy film from 1963, directed by Jean-Charles Dudrumet, written by Michel Cousin, starring Jean Marais and Geneviève Page. It is a parody of espionage films. It was followed by sequel \\\"Pleins feux sur Stanislas\\\". Stanislas Dubois is an ordinary businessman. When he meets a woman on a date in a restaurant, he takes off his coat. Upon leaving he confuses a similar coat with his own. Following this mix-up he becomes increasingly aware that something about him is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15581843\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I-Spy (Michelin)\",\n \"text\": \"their popularity is being enjoyed by a new generation of children. The \\\"News Chronicle\\\" series included the following titles (as listed on the back of the booklets): I-SPY BOOKS – Sixpence each I-SPY COLOUR BOOKS – One Shilling each There are now 37 individual titles and three boxed sets (one of which is made up of 70 individual cards) published by Michelin. Michelin's initial 12 titles after the series relaunch in December 2009 Titles published in May 2010 Titles published in April 2011 Titles published in Summer 2011 Boxed sets published in November 2011 I-Spy (Michelin) The I-SPY books are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2896628\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy Cave\",\n \"text\": \"Evidence of occupation by Upper Paleolithic anatomically modern humans has also been found at Spy. A report published in 2013 states that \\\"Based on cut-marked bones, remains with ochre traces and an Aurignacian spear point, it seems that AMH visited Spy at least three times: at around 34,500 BP, 33,000 BP and 26,000 BP.\\\" Pendants and perforated beads made from mammoth ivory, presumably by modern humans, were found in the cave. Spy Cave Spy Cave () is located near Spy in the municipality of Jemeppe-sur-Sambre, province of Namur, Belgium above the left bank of the Orneau River. Classified as a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6197928\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy fiction\",\n \"text\": \"(2004), \\\"Secret Asset\\\" (2006), \\\"Illegal Action\\\" (2007), and \\\"Dead Line\\\" (2008), by Dame Stella Rimington (Director General of MI5 from 1992 to 1996); and Matthew Dunn's \\\"Spycatcher\\\" (2011) and sequels. Much spy fiction was adapted as spy films in the 1960s, ranging from the fantastical James Bond series to the realistic \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" (1965), and the hybrid \\\"The Quiller Memorandum\\\" (1966). While Hamilton's Matt Helm novels were adult and well written, their cinematic interpretations were adolescent parody. This phenomenon spread widely in Europe in the 1960s and is known as the Eurospy genre. English-language\",\n \"psg_id\": \"369751\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Massachusetts Spy\",\n \"text\": \"Massachusetts Spy The Massachusetts Spy (est.1770) was a newspaper published by Isaiah Thomas in Boston and Worcester, Massachusetts in the 18th century. It was a heavily political weekly paper that was constantly on the verge of being suppressed by the Royalist government, from the time of its establishment in 1770 to 1776, during the runup to the American Revolution. In 1771-73 the \\\"Spy\\\" featured the essays of several anonymous political commentators who called themselves \\\"Centinel,\\\" \\\"Mucius Scaevola\\\" and \\\"Leonidas.\\\" They spoke in the same terms about similar issues, kept Patriot polemics on the front page, and supported each other against\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6887176\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy (magazine)\",\n \"text\": \"Spy (magazine) Spy was a satirical monthly magazine published from 1986 to 1998. Based in New York City, the magazine was founded by Kurt Andersen and E. Graydon Carter, who served as its first editors, and Thomas L. Phillips, Jr., its first publisher. \\\"Spy\\\" specialized in irreverent and satirical pieces targeting the American media and entertainment industries and mocking high society. Some of its features attempted to present the darker side of celebrities such as Arnold Schwarzenegger, John F. Kennedy, Jr., Steven Seagal, Martha Stewart, and especially, the real-estate tycoon Donald Trump and his then-wife Ivana Trump. Pejorative epithets of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3116144\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy: Undercover Operation\",\n \"text\": \"The Spy: Undercover Operation The Spy: Undercover Operation (; lit. \\\"Spy\\\") is a 2013 South Korean action comedy film about an agent (Sol Kyung-gu) who is undercover in a foreign country while his wife (Moon So-ri) has no idea what he does for a living. The early working title was \\\"Mister K\\\" (). Chul-soo is the greatest secret agent in South Korea, but at home he is a loving husband who's intimidated by his flight attendant wife Young-hee, who thinks her husband is a normal office worker. One day, Chul-soo tells his wife that he'll be going to Busan for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16366947\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\",\n \"text\": \"secret services. Characters and events from \\\"The Spy Who Came in from the Cold\\\" are reinvestigated in \\\"A Legacy of Spies\\\", le Carré's 2017 novel centering on an aging Guillam. The West Berlin office of the Circus is under the command of Station Head Alec Leamas, who served as an SOE operative during World War II and fought in the Nazi-occupied Netherlands and Norway. It has just lost its last and best double agent, shot whilst defecting from East Berlin. With no operatives left, Leamas is recalled to London by Control, the Circus chief, who asks Leamas to stay \\\"in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1406315\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spy vs Spy (Australian band)\",\n \"text\": \"recordings were released under the name Spy vs Spy, but the band was forced to change its name to v. Spy v. Spy to avoid legal action from the publishers of \\\"Mad\\\" magazine, which included the comic strip \\\"Spy vs. Spy\\\". Their music became more straight forward hard rock for their pub audiences. The band became prominent on the Sydney pub rock scene, performing politically charged songs dealing with issues such as racism, drugs and the homeless. Shortly after the release of their debut EP, in early 1983, the band broke up. Bloxom briefly joined The Numbers in March 1983\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6448456\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I spy\",\n \"text\": \"John Cleese on How to Irritate People sketch in which two bored airline pilots are playing I Spy as a pastime while on cruise flight. I spy I spy is a guessing game where the \\\"spy\\\", or \\\"it\\\", says \\\"I spy with my little eye ...\\\" and players have to guess the object the Spy saw. The way players choose who will be the Spy/It can range from the noncompetitive alternating of turns to a game of skill/chance such as rock, paper, scissors. The Spy silently selects an object that is visible to all the players and does not reveal\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2162758\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["leonard cyril deighton","len deighton","len deighton's london dossier"],"string":"[\n \"leonard cyril deighton\",\n \"len deighton\",\n \"len deighton's london dossier\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":84,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"the first credit cards were for use in what type of establishments?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Credit card","text":"cards. Merchants often advertise which cards they accept by displaying acceptance marks – generally derived from logos – or this may be communicated in signage in the establishment or in company material (e.g., a restaurant's menu may indicate which credit cards are accepted). Merchants may also communicate this orally, as in \"We take (brands X, Y, and Z)\" or \"We don't take credit cards\". The credit card issuer issues a credit card to a customer at the time or after an account has been approved by the credit provider, which need not be the same entity as the card issuer.","psg_id":"11901410"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"cards. Merchants often advertise which cards they accept by displaying acceptance marks – generally derived from logos – or this may be communicated in signage in the establishment or in company material (e.g., a restaurant's menu may indicate which credit cards are accepted). Merchants may also communicate this orally, as in \\\"We take (brands X, Y, and Z)\\\" or \\\"We don't take credit cards\\\". The credit card issuer issues a credit card to a customer at the time or after an account has been approved by the credit provider, which need not be the same entity as the card issuer.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901410\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Credit score in the United States","text":"Wachovia Bank in 2006) abandoned FICO scores for a more costly analysis of a potential borrower's assets and employment before giving a loan. According to the experts at MyFico.com, credit scores are enhanced by having multiple credit cards, the use of credit cards, and having installment loans. However, financially secure individuals who do not use multiple credit cards and/or self-finance installment type expenses may be inaccurately assessed a lower credit score. Experian, Equifax, TransUnion and their trade association (the Consumer Data Industry Association or \"CDIA\") have all gone on record saying that employers do not receive credit scores on the","psg_id":"2628558"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"for each credit card. In this case the booklets readily enable the location of a card’s current available credit when ten or more cards are in use. As well as convenient credit, credit cards offer consumers an easy way to track expenses, which is necessary for both monitoring personal expenditures and the tracking of work-related expenses for taxation and reimbursement purposes. Credit cards are accepted in larger establishments in almost all countries, and are available with a variety of credit limits, repayment arrangements. Some have added perks (such as insurance protection, rewards schemes in which points earned by purchasing goods","psg_id":"11901425"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"banking system under the Glass–Steagall Act meant that credit cards became an effective way for those who were traveling around the country to move their credit to places where they could not directly use their banking facilities. There are now countless variations on the basic concept of revolving credit for individuals (as issued by banks and honored by a network of financial institutions), including organization-branded credit cards, corporate-user credit cards, store cards and so on. In 1966, Barclaycard in the United Kingdom launched the first credit card outside the United States. Although credit cards reached very high adoption levels in","psg_id":"11901405"},{"title":"Gas rebate credit cards","text":"a credit card glitch. Gas rebate credit cards Gas rebate credit cards or gas cashback cards became popular in the United States in the wake of the 2000s energy crisis and the rising price of gasoline. The appeal of a gas rebate credit card is that cardholders obtain a sure percent of the sum they consume on gasoline each month in the form of a rebate check at the end of the year. It works similarly to a cashback discount recognition card with the exception that the gasoline discount is frequently applied each month, rather than each year, which makes","psg_id":"13774661"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"other variables including: the type of merchant, the merchant's total card sales volume, the merchant's average transaction amount, whether the cards were physically present, how the information required for the transaction was received, the specific type of card, when the transaction was settled, and the authorized and settled transaction amounts. In some cases, merchants add a surcharge to the credit cards to cover the interchange fee, encouraging their customers to instead use cash, debit cards, or even cheques. Interest charges vary widely from card issuer to card issuer. Often, there are \"teaser\" rates in effect for initial periods of time","psg_id":"11901469"},{"title":"Gas rebate credit cards","text":"Gas rebate credit cards Gas rebate credit cards or gas cashback cards became popular in the United States in the wake of the 2000s energy crisis and the rising price of gasoline. The appeal of a gas rebate credit card is that cardholders obtain a sure percent of the sum they consume on gasoline each month in the form of a rebate check at the end of the year. It works similarly to a cashback discount recognition card with the exception that the gasoline discount is frequently applied each month, rather than each year, which makes the savings easier to","psg_id":"13774659"},{"title":"Letter of credit","text":"credit were traditionally governed by internationally recognized rules and procedures rather than by national law. The International Chamber of Commerce oversaw the preparation of the first Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) in 1933, creating a voluntary framework for commercial banks to apply to transactions worldwide. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, travelers commonly carried a \"circular\" letter of credit issued by a relationship bank, which allowed the beneficiary to withdraw cash from other banks along their journey. This type of letter of credit was eventually replaced by traveler's checks, credit cards and automated teller","psg_id":"3462716"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"into an interactive tool on the FCAC website. The interactive tool uses several interview-type questions to build a profile of the user's credit card usage habits and needs, eliminating unsuitable choices based on the profile, so that the user is presented with a small number of credit cards and the ability to carry out detailed comparisons of features, reward programs, interest rates, etc. Credit card debt has increased steadily. Since the late 1990s, lawmakers, consumer advocacy groups, college officials and other higher education affiliates have become increasingly concerned about the rising use of credit cards among college students. The major","psg_id":"11901477"},{"title":"Revolving credit","text":"Revolving credit Revolving credit is a type of credit that does not have a fixed number of payments, in contrast to installment credit. Credit cards are an example of revolving credit used by consumers. Corporate revolving credit facilities are typically used to provide liquidity for a company's day-to-day operations. They were first introduced by the Strawbridge and Clothier Department Store. It is an arrangement which allows for the loan amount to be withdrawn, repaid, and redrawn again in any manner and any number of times, until the arrangement expires. Credit card loans and overdrafts are revolving loans, also called evergreen","psg_id":"3026153"},{"title":"Gas rebate credit cards","text":"view for most consumers. Companies provide an average of 3% APR on new gas rebate credit cards. Concerns over fraud have led credit card companies to limit the amount of gasoline a consumer can take during pay at the pump transactions. One of the more famous cases of gas credit card usage was when television anchor Anne Pressly was attacked and then had her credit card used minutes later. Glitches can also compromise consumers such as the case in July 2009, where Josh Muszynski from New Hampshire, got charged $23 quadrillion dollars by Bank of America and Visa due to","psg_id":"13774660"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"feature. In addition to the main credit card number, credit cards also carry issue and expiration dates (given to the nearest month), as well as extra codes such as issue numbers and security codes. Not all credit cards have the same sets of extra codes nor do they use the same number of digits. Credit card numbers were originally embossed to allow easy transfer of the number to charge slips. With the decline of paper slips, some credit cards are no longer embossed and in fact the card number is no longer in the front. The concept of using a","psg_id":"11901391"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"personal credit from the activity of the business. Business credit cards are offered by almost all major card issuers—like American Express, Visa, and MasterCard in addition to local banks and credit unions. Charge cards for businesses, however, are currently only offered by American Express. A secured credit card is a type of credit card secured by a deposit account owned by the cardholder. Typically, the cardholder must deposit between 100% and 200% of the total amount of credit desired. Thus if the cardholder puts down $1,000, they will be given credit in the range of $500–1,000. In some cases, credit","psg_id":"11901428"},{"title":"Credit card fraud","text":"more typically used to verify credit card data obtained directly from the victims by skimming or phishing. A set of credit card details that have been verified in this way is known in fraud circles as a phish. A carder will typically sell data files of the phish to other individuals who will carry out the actual fraud. The market price for a phish ranges from US$1.00 to US$50.00 depending on the type of card, the freshness of the data and credit status of the victim. Credit cards are produced in BIN ranges. Where an issuer does not use random","psg_id":"11600356"},{"title":"First Entertainment Credit Union","text":"insurance service of First Entertainment, operates under the credit union's CUSO MBC and offers its members auto, vehicle, renter's, homeowner's and pet coverage. A full-service financial institution, First Entertainment Credit Union offers a wide range of products and services such as: Savings and Checking Accounts, IRAs, Money Markets, Personal and Vehicle Loans, Platinum Visa® Credit Cards, Auto Loans, Real Estate Loans, and a First Time Homebuyer Program. First Entertainment Credit Union offers its members online account access and electronic services such as e-Statements, e-Alerts, Bill Pay Services, Online Tutorials, Mobile Banking and Mobile Deposits. Members can also submit Loan Applications","psg_id":"16026198"},{"title":"Offshore credit card","text":"card, and most carry a major label such as Visa or MasterCard. Another type of card often marketed as a credit card is an offshore debit card. Offshore debit cards are linked to an offshore bank account, and do not involve any extensions of credit whatsoever. The only money that may be spent is the amount stored in the offshore bank account itself. An offshore Visa debit or MasterCard is accepted worldwide just like a credit card. Offshore credit card Offshore credit cards are credit cards issued by an offshore bank in a jurisdiction that is different from that of","psg_id":"12974729"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"or more specifically exonumia (study of money-like objects), credit card collectors seek to collect various embodiments of credit from the now familiar plastic cards to older paper merchant cards, and even metal tokens that were accepted as merchant credit cards. Early credit cards were made of celluloid plastic, then metal and fiber, then paper, and are now mostly polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic. However the chip part of credit cards is not made from plastic but from metals. A credit card issuing company, such as a bank or credit union, enters into agreements with merchants for them to accept their credit","psg_id":"11901409"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"have introduced smart cards, but the U.S. had not. , the U.S. banking system had not updated the cards and associated readers in the U.S., stating that the costs were prohibitive. As of 2015, the smart cards had been introduced and put into use in the United States. Credit card A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges. The card issuer (usually a","psg_id":"11901489"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"rate). Merchants are charged several fees for accepting credit cards. The merchant is usually charged a commission of around 1 to 4 percent of the value of each transaction paid for by credit card. The merchant may also pay a variable charge, called a merchant discount rate, for each transaction. In some instances of very low-value transactions, use of credit cards will significantly reduce the profit margin or cause the merchant to lose money on the transaction. Merchants with very low average transaction prices or very high average transaction prices are more averse to accepting credit cards. In some cases","psg_id":"11901446"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"fees, features, interest rates and reward programs of nearly 200 credit cards available in Canada. This database is updated on a quarterly basis with information supplied by the credit card issuing companies. Information in the database is published every quarter on the website of the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC). Information in the database is published in two formats. It is available in PDF comparison tables that break down the information according to type of credit card, allowing the reader to compare the features of, for example, all the student credit cards in the database. The database also feeds","psg_id":"11901476"},{"title":"America's First Federal Credit Union","text":"largest credit union in the city of Birmingham and the third largest in the state of Alabama. The credit union offers a variety of financial services to members: It also offers consumer and auto loans, credit cards, mortgages, home equity lines of credit, investment planning services, and insurance services. Alabamians are eligible for membership if they live, work, worship or attend school in Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Jefferson, Shelby, St. Clair, Walker, Calhoun counties, as well as certain areas of Mobile and Talladega counties. Additionally, America's First membership is open to employees of more than 1400 Alabama-based companies. As of December","psg_id":"18945017"},{"title":"National identity cards in the European Economic Area","text":"national identity cards issued to residents who are not citizens, are not valid as a travel document within the EEA and Switzerland. National identity cards are often accepted in other parts of the world for unofficial identification purposes (such as age verification in commercial establishments that serve or sell alcohol, or checking in at hotels) and sometimes for official purposes such as proof of identity/nationality to authorities (especially machine-readable cards). Four EEA member states do not issue cards defined by EU as national identity cards to their citizens: Denmark, Iceland, Norway and the United Kingdom (except to residents of Gibraltar);","psg_id":"16971830"},{"title":"Offshore credit card","text":"bank in question. Since it is almost impossible to get one, if you see an 'unsecured' offshore credit card advertised online beware it is probably a scam. Since most banks will not offer credit lines without some kind of insurance, they offer 'secured' offshore credit cards as an alternative. Secured offshore credit cards involve depositing a certain amount (usually 125-150% of the credit line) to cover what you borrow. For a credit line of 20,000 USD for example, a deposit of 25000-30000 USD may be required. This aside, the card operates to all intents and purposes like a normal credit","psg_id":"12974728"},{"title":"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments","text":"was placed under the Ministry of Labour and Employment. On 15 January 2014 the Ministry of Labour and Employment upgraded the Directorate of Inspection for Factories and Establishments into the Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments is an autonomous government agency responsible for health and safety inspection in factories and industries in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It also provides factories with information and training regarding workers safety and the enforcement of labour laws in Bangladesh. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments","psg_id":"20497625"},{"title":"Choice (credit card)","text":"Choice (credit card) Choice was a credit card test marketed by Citibank in the United States, announced in 1977, and first issued in 1978. It was one of the first cards to offer a cash refund program, and no annual fee. Choice was intended to create a rival to Visa, MasterCard, and American Express, but proved unsuccessful, and was withdrawn in 1987. Citibank has continued to use the \"Choice\" name on some of its Visa and MasterCard cards. The card was introduced in 1977, when Citibank bought NAC, a regional credit card based in Baltimore, renaming it Choice. A subsequent","psg_id":"9252198"},{"title":"Credit unions in the United Kingdom","text":"in the mid-1960s in London and Scotland. The first recorded British credit union was the Hornsey Co-operative, established 1964 in North London by Caribbean families, and is the foundation of what is now London Capital Credit Union. Credit unions were popular in the Caribbean and large numbers of first generation Caribbean-British would become members of credit unions. By 1998, 38% of Caribbean British adults were members of credit unions. In Scotland, several credit unions were established by immigrants from Ireland. In Glasgow, credit union coverage and membership remains broad: one in six Glaswegians is member of a credit union, with","psg_id":"16225857"},{"title":"Nonresidential water use in the U.S.","text":"Lamar County WSD to 79 percent in Borger MWS, with average share of 35 percent. In order to achieve improvements in the efficiency of CII water use, it is necessary to obtain information about the existing conservation potential in different types of establishments and about specific end uses of water in each CII category. Studies of water use in the CII sector were conducted by the American Water Works Association, Pacific Institute, Colorado WaterWise Council, Conserve Florida Water Clearinghouse (CFWC), and Water Research Foundation (WRF). Nearly a hundred specific end uses within seven major groupings (i.e., washing and sanitation, domestic-type","psg_id":"20100126"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"with the card can be redeemed for further goods and services or cashback). Some countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, limit the amount for which a consumer can be held liable in the event of fraudulent transactions with a lost or stolen credit card. Business credit cards are specialized credit cards issued in the name of a registered business, and typically they can only be used for business purposes. Their use has grown in recent decades. In 1998, for instance, 37% of small businesses reported using a business credit card; by 2009, this number had","psg_id":"11901426"},{"title":"Master of the Playing Cards","text":"in different versions, all catalogued by Max Lehrs. Woodcut old master prints had begun around the turn of the century, and were extremely popular by the start of the Master of the Playing Cards' career, but were then almost all very crudely executed. Playing cards and religious images were the vast majority of the production. Although he comes very early in the history of engraving for prints, the Master of the Playing Cards is certainly not the inventor of the technique. He is however considered the first significant artist to use either printmaking technique. The art historian Arthur Mayger Hind","psg_id":"9382625"},{"title":"Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis v. First of Omaha Service Corp.","text":"case before the justices. At the same time, some residents of Minnesota were being offered cards by First National of Omaha, at similar terms. Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis, which was chartered in the state and also offering credit cards, confronted First National Bank of Omaha and informed them that what they were doing with the interest rate was illegal, since Minnesota's capped interest rates at 12 percent (without specifying what kind of debt). Marquette threatened to take the Omaha bank to the U.S. Supreme Court if necessary if their practice continued. Marquette began to lobby for the passage of","psg_id":"12372291"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"their account is opened. Secured credit cards are an option to allow a person with a poor credit history or no credit history to have a credit card which might not otherwise be available. They are often offered as a means of rebuilding one's credit. Fees and service charges for secured credit cards often exceed those charged for ordinary non-secured credit cards. For people in certain situations, (for example, after charging off on other credit cards, or people with a long history of delinquency on various forms of debt), secured cards are almost always more expensive than unsecured credit cards.","psg_id":"11901432"},{"title":"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments","text":"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments is an autonomous government agency responsible for health and safety inspection in factories and industries in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It also provides factories with information and training regarding workers safety and the enforcement of labour laws in Bangladesh. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments was established on 1969 by the government of Pakistan on the recommendations of Air Vice Marshal Malik Nur Khan as the Directorate of Inspection for Factories and Establishments. After the Independence of Bangladesh in 1971 the Directorate","psg_id":"20497624"},{"title":"Revolving credit","text":"financial accommodation within it - for example, it is possible to incorporate a letter of credit, a swingline (that is, a short-term borrowing that is funded on one day's notice), or an overdraft within the terms of a revolving credit loan. This is often achieved by creating a sublimit within the overall loan, allowing a certain amount of the lenders' commitment to be drawn in the form of these different facilities. Revolving credit Revolving credit is a type of credit that does not have a fixed number of payments, in contrast to installment credit. Credit cards are an example of","psg_id":"3026156"},{"title":"Credit card kiting","text":"Credit card kiting Credit card kiting refers to the use of one or more credit cards to obtain cash and purchasing power they do not have, or pay credit card balances with the proceeds of other cards. Unlike check kiting, which is illegal under nearly all circumstances, laws against credit card kiting are not completely prohibitive of the practice, thereby allowing it to be done to some degree. It is up to the banks to detect the practice and when necessary, stop it. In order for prosecution to occur in a credit card kiting scheme, a bank must prove intent","psg_id":"16123219"},{"title":"Animation Throwdown: The Quest For Cards","text":"24, or 48 hours, depending on the rarity of the resultant combo. The player can use the combo ability in battle by putting a card on top of another card, thus effectively merging them together. Here, players can change around their Cards that they would like to use in their deck when playing battles and matches. A deck must be at least 25 cards. Players can also upgrade their cards using Giggitywatts giving them better stats or more abilities. Unwanted cards can be placed in the 'Recycle' section to trade in for 'Giggitywatts'. The player can also fuse cards by","psg_id":"19751854"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"grown to 64%. Business credit cards offer a number of features specific to businesses. They frequently offer special rewards in areas such as shipping, office supplies, travel, and business technology. Most issuers use the applicant's personal credit score when evaluating these applications. In addition, income from a variety of sources may be used to qualify, which means these cards may be available to businesses that are newly established. In addition, most major issuers of these cards do not report account activity to the owner's personal credit unless there is a default. This may have the effect of protecting the owner's","psg_id":"11901427"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"1990s to reach anything like the percentage market penetration levels achieved in the US, Canada, and UK. In some countries, acceptance still remains low as the use of a credit card system depends on the banking system of each country; while in others, a country sometimes had to develop its own credit card network, e.g. UK's Barclaycard and Australia's Bankcard. Japan remains a very cash-oriented society, with credit card adoption being limited mainly to the largest of merchants; although stored value cards (such as telephone cards) are used as alternative currencies, the trend is toward RFID-based systems inside cards, cellphones,","psg_id":"11901407"},{"title":"First Tech Credit Union","text":"Tektronix employees on January 14, 1952. In 1961, the name was changed to Tektronix Employees Federal Credit Union to reflect the credit union's membership. From very early on, technical innovation was used and resulted in First Tech's motto of \"Think Forward\". As early as 1976, the credit union began using computers for online data processing. By 1979, Tektronix Employees Federal Credit Union had begun the use of ATMs. In 1985, the credit union unveiled \"Call 24\", which allowed members to check balances and transfer funds by phone. In 1986, the name was changed to First Technology Credit Union and the","psg_id":"12112422"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"more to open an account. With prepaid credit cards purchasers are not charged any interest but are often charged a purchasing fee plus monthly fees after an arbitrary time period. Many other fees also usually apply to a prepaid card. Prepaid credit cards are sometimes marketed to teenagers for shopping online without having their parents complete the transaction. Teenagers can only use funds that are available on the card which helps promote financial management to reduce the risk of debt problems later in life. Prepaid cards can be used globally. The prepaid card is convenient for payees in developing countries","psg_id":"11901435"},{"title":"Steam Trading Cards","text":"Steam Trading Cards Steam Trading Cards are a digital commodity issued by Valve Corporation for use on its digital distribution platform, Steam. Steam Trading Cards are a non-physical analogue of conventional trading cards, which are periodically granted to Steam users for playing games, fulfilling tasks, or by random chance. Cards can be \"crafted\" to acquire Steam-centric awards such as emoticons or profile backgrounds, traded to other Steam users, or sold through the Steam Community Market for store credit. Since their introduction in 2013, Steam Trading Card sets have been integrated into over 7,000 games. The developer revenue gained through trading","psg_id":"20521960"},{"title":"Credit in the Thirteen Colonies","text":"certain loans. The colonies had many currencies and coins in circulations. However, there was a shortage of currency for those wishing to use it as a medium of exchange. There were additional costs to facilitating some trades which was avoided by the use of credit. Credit in the Thirteen Colonies The Thirteen Colonies made wide use of credit. Credit was used for domestic and overseas goods, as well as a method of repayment. Credit allowed colonists to defer their payments for goods and services until a later time, which was a more favourable payment option than cash or barter. Institutions","psg_id":"15405190"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"the US, Canada and the UK during the latter 20th century, many cultures were more cash-oriented or developed alternative forms of cashless payments, such as Carte bleue or the Eurocard (Germany, France, Switzerland, and others). In these places, adoption of credit cards was initially much slower. Due to strict regulations regarding bank overdrafts, some countries, France in particular, were much quicker to develop and adopt chip-based credit cards which are seen as major anti-fraud credit devices. Debit cards and online banking (using either ATMs or PCs) are used more widely than credit cards in some countries. It took until the","psg_id":"11901406"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"equipment, more specifically \"a terabyte of hard disks\". Similarly, filmmaker Robert Townsend financed part of \"Hollywood Shuffle\" using credit cards. Director Kevin Smith funded \"Clerks\" in part by maxing out several credit cards. Actor Richard Hatch also financed his production of \"\" partly through his credit cards. Famed hedge fund manager Bruce Kovner began his career (and, later on, his firm Caxton Associates) in financial markets by borrowing from his credit card. UK entrepreneur James Caan (as seen on \"Dragons' Den\") financed his first business using several credit cards. Travellers from the U.S. had encountered problems abroad because many countries","psg_id":"11901488"},{"title":"Credit reference","text":"Credit reference A credit reference is information, the name of an individual, or the name of an organization that can provide details about an individual's past track record with credit. Credit rating agencies provide credit references for companies while credit bureaus provide credit references for individuals. Other letters of credit reference might be written by banks, which would provide basic information about how long the applicant has held an account, what type of account it was, and whether there were any overdrafts or late payments noted. Individuals and companies can carry out credit checks on businesses in order to assess","psg_id":"9595805"},{"title":"Community First Credit Union","text":"a credit union for all residents, not just employees with payroll deductions. This was followed in 1983 by a similar expansion in Liverpool, and in 1984 to the Shire of Hornsby. New offices were also opened in Campbelltown, North Ryde and Dee Why. The transformation from a work-based credit union to a more community-based one prompted another name change, to S.W.B. Community Credit Union Ltd. In 1983 the Rediteller ATM network was launched and all members were issued with Redicards, for use in some 500 ATMs nationwide. In 1984, the Credit Union Visa Card gave members debit-card access to their","psg_id":"18706538"},{"title":"Credit card hijacking","text":"fraud. Another form of credit card hijacking is the continued charging of a person’s credit card for a subscription to goods or services no longer desired by the credit card owner. This type of credit card hijacking was pioneered by major ISPs, credit monitoring services and online dating services, are perfectly legal, and are still common today in a wide range of subscription based goods and services. Credit card hijacking of this type came about as online subscription based marketers realized that traditional subscription systems, such as the annual subscriptions that paper magazines use, were an impediment to enrolling customers.","psg_id":"11600383"},{"title":"Credit score","text":"Credit score A credit score is a numerical expression based on a level analysis of a person's credit files, to represent the creditworthiness of an individual. A credit score is primarily based on a credit report information typically sourced from credit bureaus. Lenders, such as banks and credit card companies, use credit scores to evaluate the potential risk posed by lending money to consumers and to mitigate losses due to bad debt. Lenders use credit scores to determine who qualifies for a loan, at what interest rate, and what credit limits. Lenders also use credit scores to determine which customers","psg_id":"7005082"},{"title":"Credit unions in the United Kingdom","text":"July 2002. Before the Credit Union Act 1979 was passed, there was no special legal structure for credit unions in the UK. Some of the early credit unions chose to register under the Companies Act and some under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act. They are classified in two types: type 1 are the smaller credit unions while type 2 are larger. From November 2006, many type 2 credit unions began offering their members debit card accounts so that they could withdraw cash from any Link ATM. In June 2008, the Treasury announced plans to encourage the growth of credit","psg_id":"16225862"},{"title":"Credit One Bank","text":"Credit One Bank Credit One Bank, N.A., simply referred to as Credit One Bank, is a U.S.-based bank specializing in credit cards. It has corporate offices in Las Vegas, Nevada. The bank is held by Credit One Financial, a bank holding company registered in Nevada. Credit One Financial is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sherman Financial Group, LLC. As of 2017, Credit One Bank services more than 7 million cardholders across the United States. Credit One Bank operates under a CEBA national bank charter (OCC Charter Number: 20291). This type of charter affects the bank’s lending and deposit functions. Requirements","psg_id":"11543200"},{"title":"In the Game Trading Cards","text":"In the Game Trading Cards In The Game is a sports card manufacturing company with its head office in the United States and an office in Canada. In The Game, often abbreviated to ITG, and was founded by Dr. Brian H. Price in 1998. In The Game mainly produced hockey trading cards. In 2014 the right to use the In The Game name was transferred to Leaf Trading Cards in Dallas, Texas. In The Game's first entrance into the trading card market came in the 1998-1999 season, when they produced the NHL Players Association's \"Be A Player\" brand trading cards","psg_id":"5212172"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"like Brazil, Russia, India, and China, where international wire transfers and bank checks are time consuming, complicated and costly. Because of the many fees that apply to obtaining and using credit-card-branded prepaid cards, the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada describes them as \"an expensive way to spend your own money\". The agency publishes a booklet entitled \"Pre-paid Cards\" which explains the advantages and disadvantages of this type of prepaid card. A digital card is a digital cloud-hosted virtual representation of any kind of identification card or payment card, such as a credit card. The main benefit to the cardholder is","psg_id":"11901436"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"The card number's \"prefix\", called the Bank Identification Number, is the sequence of digits at the beginning of the number that determine the bank to which a credit card number belongs. This is the first six digits for MasterCard and Visa cards. The next nine digits are the individual account number, and the final digit is a validity check code. Both of these standards are maintained and further developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 1. Credit cards have a magnetic stripe conforming to the ISO/IEC 7813. Many modern credit cards have a computer chip embedded in them as a security","psg_id":"11901390"},{"title":"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation","text":"a sum of $10,000.00 on June 15, 1903, for the all time right of undisturbed use and occupancy of the land. The reserve as it stands today consists of lots 1 to 12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Tuscarora, in the County of Brant, and lots 1-12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Oneida. In 1997, New Credit purchased an additional bordering on Highway #6, Hagersville. The First Nation made claims to land on which Toronto sits through the disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787. In 2010, Canada agreed to pay for","psg_id":"8126972"},{"title":"Credit score in the United States","text":"credit cards issued by Capital One, U.S. Bank, Chase Bank, TD Bank, N.A., and USAA Bank. CE Score is published by CE Analytics and licensed to sites such as Community Empower and iQualifier.com. This score is distributed to 6,500 lenders through the Credit Plus network but is free to consumers. It has a range of 350 to 850. A number of scores have been developed to help consumers understand and improve their credit score. Most were introduced before FICO began sharing details of their model and encouraging lenders to share scores with consumers. While these scores can help consumers monitor","psg_id":"2628550"},{"title":"Defence Research Establishments","text":"Defence Research Establishments The Defence Research Establishments were a number of separate UK Ministry of Defence Research Establishments, dating back to World War II, World War I, or even earlier. Each establishment had its own head; known as the Director or the Superintendent. Prior to the formation of the Ministry of Defence each of the three Services, i.e. the Royal Air Force, the Admiralty and the War Office, had their own research establishments; although some establishments had tri-service functions. At the beginning of World War II there were about a dozen research and development establishments. The main ones were: Many","psg_id":"2850755"},{"title":"Credit score in the United States","text":"Credit score in the United States Credit score in the United States is a number representing the creditworthiness of a person, the likelihood that person will pay his or her debts. Lenders, such as banks and credit card companies, use credit scores to evaluate the potential risk posed by lending money to consumers. Lenders allege that widespread use of credit scores has made credit more widely available and less expensive for many consumers. The FICO score was first introduced in 1989 by FICO, then called Fair, Isaac, and Company. The FICO model is used by the vast majority of banks","psg_id":"2628539"},{"title":"America First Credit Union","text":"Hill Air Force Base, and Fort Douglas. Utah-chartered credit unions began serving anyone in the state and the credit union changed its name to America First Credit Union in 1984. In 1994, it marketed residential mortgages with incentives such as no fees for first mortgage refinancing, a quarter-point reduction in the interest rate if payments were to be deducted automatically from an America First checking account, and a quarter-point reduction for mortgages of less than half the residence's appraised value. Beginning in 1998, a series of legal and legislative restrictions were placed on America First Credit Union's field of membership","psg_id":"9138739"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"Heatseekers Albums, which is a weekly music chart that ranks top-selling albums by new or developing acts, defined as those who have never appeared in the top 100 of the \"Billboard\" 200 or in the top 10 of \"Billboard\"s component charts. The album also reached number 50 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. All songs were written, arranged, and produced by Van Hunt. Credits for \"What Were You Hoping For?\" adapted from Allmusic. What Were You Hoping For? What Were You Hoping For? is the third studio album by American recording artist Van Hunt, released September 27, 2011, on his","psg_id":"16116225"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"in 2008. Two songs from those sessions, \"Moving Targets\" and \"Eyes Like Pearls\", were included on \"What Were You Hoping For?\". After setting up his own label in 2009, Hunt began a new process for \"What Were You Hoping For?\", writing and recording songs for 10 months. In an interview for the \"Chicago Tribune\", he said of his expectations for the album's recording: \"I really wasn't sure what it would wind up being sonically. I love Bach cello suites, I love punk music, I love old blues, negro spiritual quartets, Muddy Waters' 'You Need Love.' There is a simplicity but","psg_id":"16116199"},{"title":"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation","text":"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation is a Mississauga Ojibwa First Nation located near Brantford in south-central Ontario, Canada. In April 2015, New Credit had an enrolled population of 2,330 people, 850 of whom lived on the New Credit Reserve. Mississaugas of New Credit First Nation govern the 2,392.6-hectare parcel of New Credit 40A Indian Reserve known as Reserve 40B near Hagersville, Ontario. This reserve is located near the Six Nations of the Grand River in Brantford. In the 19th century, the Mississaugas wanted to move from a reserve near present-day Port","psg_id":"8126970"},{"title":"NASA Federal Credit Union","text":"mentioned in media outlets about their competitive products, particularly on auto rates, mortgages and CDs as compared to larger banks. NASA Federal has been named in several publications as a recommended credit union to use for a variety of products. NASA Federal offers a fixed rate 9.9% balance transfer to those who’ve opened an account within 90 days. These cards have been mentioned by well-known finance websites such as NerdWallet, who published an article describing the benefits of the credit cards. NASA Federal launched its Star Trek credit card program in August 2016, in partnership with CBS and in conjunction","psg_id":"16994804"},{"title":"Offshore credit card","text":"Offshore credit card Offshore credit cards are credit cards issued by an offshore bank in a jurisdiction that is different from that of the cardholder. Real 'unsecured' offshore credit cards with credit lines are very difficult for the average person to obtain because banks refuse to issue them. Most banks will need possession of reliable credit histories and a means of getting their money back. If a customer is somewhere 'offshore' the risk of extending a credit line is too great and so as a result these cards are only issued to clients that have long standing relationships with the","psg_id":"12974727"},{"title":"SBI Cards","text":"State Bank of India to float two joint venture companies, including SBI Cards for developing the credit card business in India. SBI Cards & Payment Services is the front end of the business, focusing on marketing and distribution of credit cards. GE Capital Business Process Management Services takes care of the technology and processing as a captive BPO unit. GE Capital owns 40 per cent in the former and 60 per cent in the latter. SBI owns 60 per cent in SBI Cards and Payment Services and 40 per cent in the captive BPO unit. As on July 2016, State","psg_id":"16622614"},{"title":"In the Game Trading Cards","text":"issues. In the Game Trading Cards In The Game is a sports card manufacturing company with its head office in the United States and an office in Canada. In The Game, often abbreviated to ITG, and was founded by Dr. Brian H. Price in 1998. In The Game mainly produced hockey trading cards. In 2014 the right to use the In The Game name was transferred to Leaf Trading Cards in Dallas, Texas. In The Game's first entrance into the trading card market came in the 1998-1999 season, when they produced the NHL Players Association's \"Be A Player\" brand trading","psg_id":"5212176"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"Sometimes a credit card will be secured by the equity in the borrower's home. A \"prepaid credit card\" is not a true credit card, since no credit is offered by the card issuer: the cardholder spends money which has been \"stored\" via a prior deposit by the cardholder or someone else, such as a parent or employer. However, it carries a credit-card brand (such as Discover, Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or JCB) and can be used in similar ways just as though it were a credit card. Unlike debit cards, prepaid credit cards generally do not require a PIN. An","psg_id":"11901433"},{"title":"Nonresidential water use in the U.S.","text":"uses, landscape irrigation, outdoor and indoor water features, cooling and heating, food service, and process water) were compiled in the WRF study. Typically, the total CII use in an urban area or a region is broken down by categories of commercial establishments (and types of institutions or industrial plants) based on the kinds of goods and services provided, or their function. The category's water use is then separated into several end uses (or purposes). The following list of 14 major CII categories of nonresidential buildings or establishments (with examples of possible subcategories) are commonly found in an urban water service","psg_id":"20100127"},{"title":"Credit Card Insider","text":"use the award money wisely in order to pursue their higher education is required. Five students are selected for the scholarship money, each receives $1,000. Credit Card Insider Credit Card Insider is a privately held Syracuse, NY based consumer education company. The company provides reviews of credit cards, information about building credit, and tools to compare credit card products. Founded in 2012 by John Ganotis and Eric Adamowsky, the Credit Card Insider website launched in early 2013. The company is located in Syracuse, NY. The company works with different finance industry professionals, in the areas of personal finance, credit, and","psg_id":"18715786"},{"title":"Master of the Playing Cards","text":"made in woodcut, which can be printed in much greater numbers before the matrix wears out. Some of the cards are composed of different little plates, one per pip, which were presumably held together in a frame for printing. Possibly the Master was in Mainz and was influenced by Johannes Gutenberg's movable type. Despite this, the majority of the pips are unique, and although they appear rather jumbled as groups, when looked at individually it is apparent that many are very fine studies of their subjects. Despite the very few impressions surviving, some cards exist in two states, and some","psg_id":"9382624"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"discussed below, and can result in charges back to the merchant). In most cases, cards are even more secure than cash, because they discourage theft by the merchant's employees and reduce the amount of cash on the premises. Finally, credit cards reduce the back office expense of processing checks/cash and transporting them to the bank. Prior to credit cards, each merchant had to evaluate each customer's credit history before extending credit. That task is now performed by the banks which assume the credit risk. Credit cards can also aid in securing a sale especially if the customer does not have","psg_id":"11901444"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"States. However, they do not have the resources to pursue all criminals, and in general they only prosecute cases exceeding $5,000. Three improvements to card security have been introduced to the more common credit card networks, but none has proven to help reduce credit card fraud so far. First, the cards themselves are being replaced with similar-looking tamper-resistant smart cards which are intended to make forgery more difficult. The majority of smart card (IC card) based credit cards comply with the EMV (Europay MasterCard Visa) standard. Second, an additional 3 or 4 digit card security code (CSC) is now present","psg_id":"11901458"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"from passing these fees directly to credit card customers, or from setting a minimum transaction amount (no longer prohibited in the United States, United Kingdom or Australia). The result is that merchants are induced to charge all customers (including those who do not use credit cards) higher prices to cover the fees on credit card transactions. The inducement can be strong because the merchant's fee is a percentage of the sale price, which has a disproportionate effect on the profitability of businesses that have predominantly credit card transactions, unless compensated for by raising prices generally. In the United States in","psg_id":"11901442"},{"title":"Credit Saison","text":"and many other banks issues cashcard/Saison Card joint card. Credi Saison also issues for many other non-group companies. Annual fees of Saison Card are free for normal cards, 1575 yen to 3150 yen for some cards, and 10500 yen or more for gold or platinum cards. As of March 30, 2006: Credit Saison , commonly known as or simply , is a Japanese financial services company affiliated to Mizuho Financial Group. Founded in 1951, Credit Saison is the 3rd largest credit card issuer with over 20 million cardholders in Japan, behind JCB and Visa Japan. Credit Saison was founded in","psg_id":"10496563"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"Were You Hoping For?\" was released on September 27, 2011, by Hunt's independent record label Godless Hotspot in a joint venture with Nashville-based distributor Thirty Tigers. It was distributed by RED Distribution. Thirty Tigers reached out to Hunt during 2009 and offered their distribution and marketing services to him pending the album's completion. He subsequently assembled a marketing team and Godless Hotspot. \"What Were You Hoping For?\" was executive-produced by music manager and executive Randy Jackson, who originally helped Hunt get his first major-label record contract in 2003. The album's cover is a photograph taken by Hunt in North Hollywood","psg_id":"16116217"},{"title":"Credit history","text":"credit cards and mortgages until after they have worked in the new country with a stable income for several years. Some lenders do take into account credit history from other countries, but this practice is not common. Among credit card companies, American Express can transfer credit cards from one country to another and in this way help start a credit history. Adverse credit history, also called sub-prime credit history, non-status credit history, impaired credit history, poor credit history, and bad credit history, is a negative credit rating. A negative credit rating is often considered undesirable to lenders and other extenders","psg_id":"4555414"},{"title":"First National Bank of Omaha","text":"Bankcard also services credit cards for Major League Lacrosse, World of Warcraft, Scheels All Sports, just to name a few. SunTrust Bank announced on December 12, 2006, that it has signed an agreement with Atlanta-based InfiCorp Holdings, Inc. (subsidiary of First National of Nebraska) for issuing consumer credit cards. Under terms of the agreement, InfiCorp will market, originate and service SunTrust-branded cards starting in the first quarter of 2007, focusing on SunTrust clients. An Iowa resident by the name of Fred Fisher received an unsolicited BankAmericard from First National Bank Omaha, in February 1969. Fisher filed a complaint against the","psg_id":"7869517"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"car insurance, common carrier accident protection, and travel medical insurance. Credit cards can also offer a loyalty program, where each purchase is rewarded with points, which may be redeemed for cash or products. Research has examined whether competition among card networks may potentially make payment rewards too generous, causing higher prices among merchants, thus actually impacting social welfare and its distribution, a situation potentially warranting public policy interventions. The table below contains a list of benefits offered in the United States for consumer credit cards. Benefits may vary in other countries or business credit cards. Low introductory credit card rates","psg_id":"11901438"},{"title":"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II)","text":"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II) The collectible card game was first released in 1993 with very few restrictions on how players could construct their decks (which cards to include, and how many copies of each card were allowed). The game evolved over time, and different formats were developed which each had different constraints for how players could construct their decks. Constructed formats, for instance, allow players to build decks in advance using cards from their collection, although only a subset of cards are allowed. Another major development was the creation of officially sanctioned tournaments that offer prize","psg_id":"20211553"},{"title":"Credit card kiting","text":"case, using the credit card proceeds to earn interest at both banks' expense. Many payment services, such as PayPal and Square, allow people to receive credit card payments for low prices, which could be made to oneself. These could be used to pay off balances. In this case, the kiter is creating cash while avoiding legally entitled cash advance fees. This is a violation of PayPal and Square Terms of Service contracts and agreements. Credit card kiting Credit card kiting refers to the use of one or more credit cards to obtain cash and purchasing power they do not have,","psg_id":"16123222"},{"title":"Credit score","text":"free trial subscription of the service and then cancel before the first monthly charge. Websites like WalletHub, Credit Sesame and Credit Karma provide free credit scores with no credit card required, using the TransUnion VantageScore 3.0 model. Credit.com uses the Experian VantageScore 3.0 model. Until March 2009, holders of credit cards issued by Washington Mutual were offered a free FICO score each month through the bank's Web site. (Chase, which took over Washington Mutual in 2008, discontinued this practice in March, 2009.)Chase resumed the practice of offering a free FICO score in March, 2010 of select card members to the","psg_id":"7005114"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"a substantial fraction of consumers (about 40 percent) choose a sub-optimal credit card agreement, with some incurring hundreds of dollars of avoidable interest costs. Several studies have shown that consumers are likely to spend more money when they pay by credit card. Researchers suggest that when people pay using credit cards, they do not experience the abstract pain of payment. Furthermore, researchers have found that using credit cards can increase consumption of unhealthy food. Merchants that accept credit cards must pay interchange fees and discount fees on all credit-card transactions. In some cases merchants are barred by their credit agreements","psg_id":"11901441"},{"title":"Cards in the hat","text":"8 cards and attempts to throw, one at a time, a card into the hat. Each card landing in the hat gains one point for the player's team. After all of the players have taken their turns, then the first player returns to the oche again with 8 cards. This time the players throw two at a time into the hat, and each player follows to do the same, again with the points for each player being accumulated. After the pairs of cards all team members try to throw 4 cards at a time, and finally all 8 cards are","psg_id":"12145526"},{"title":"In the Cards","text":"In the Cards \"In the Cards\" is the penultimate episode of the of \"\". This episode marks Michael Dorn's directorial debut. \"In the Cards\" was written by Truly Barr Clark, Scott Neal, and Ronald D. Moore, directed by Michael Dorn, and it was broadcast on television on June 9, 1997. This was an exceptionally popular time for the Star Trek franchise, and Michael Dorn's first time directing made national news including the Chicago Tribune. This episode has several guest stars including Louise Fletcher, Chase Masterson, Jeffrey Combs , Aron Eisenberg, and Brian Markinson. Mr. Dorn also plays the character Worf","psg_id":"8289165"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"1958 by American Express which created a worldwide credit card network (although these were initially charge cards that later acquired credit card features). Until 1958, no one had been able to successfully establish a \"revolving credit\" financial system in which a card issued by a third-party bank was being generally accepted by a large number of merchants, as opposed to merchant-issued revolving cards accepted by only a few merchants. There had been a dozen attempts by small American banks, but none of them were able to last very long. In September 1958, Bank of America launched the \"BankAmericard\" in Fresno,","psg_id":"11901399"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"What Were You Hoping For? What Were You Hoping For? is the third studio album by American recording artist Van Hunt, released September 27, 2011, on his independent label Godless Hotspot in a joint venture with distributor Thirty Tigers. It is the follow-up to Hunt's 2006 album \"On the Jungle Floor\" and follows a period of label conflict and mainstream obscurity for Hunt. Recording sessions for the album took place primarily at Santa Fe Tracking Station in Los Angeles, where Hunt applied a minimalist recording approach and worked with a backing band comprising drummer Ruth Price, percussionist Melissa Mattey, and","psg_id":"16116189"},{"title":"Credit union","text":"with a big bank. Credit unions differ from banks and other financial institutions in that those who have accounts in the credit union are its members and owners, and they elect their board of directors in a one-person-one-vote system regardless of their amount invested. Credit unions see themselves as different from mainstream banks, with a mission to be \"community-oriented\" and \"serve people, not profit\". Credit unions offer many of the same financial services as banks, but often use a different terminology. Typical services include share accounts (savings accounts), share draft accounts (checking accounts), credit cards, share term certificates (certificates of","psg_id":"1832725"},{"title":"Credit Card Insider","text":"Credit Card Insider Credit Card Insider is a privately held Syracuse, NY based consumer education company. The company provides reviews of credit cards, information about building credit, and tools to compare credit card products. Founded in 2012 by John Ganotis and Eric Adamowsky, the Credit Card Insider website launched in early 2013. The company is located in Syracuse, NY. The company works with different finance industry professionals, in the areas of personal finance, credit, and credit cards. Credit Card Insider editors provide insight based on in-depth research of all the credit cards reviewed by the company. Additionally, the editors publish","psg_id":"18715783"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"other credit cards, for which the customer may be current on payments, may also have their rates and credit limit changed. The universal default feature allows creditors to periodically check cardholders' credit portfolios to view trade, allowing these other institutions to decrease the credit limit or increase rates on cardholders who may be late with another credit card issuer. Being late on one credit card will potentially affect all the cardholder's credit cards. Citibank voluntarily stopped this practice in March 2007 and Chase stopped the practice in November 2007. The fact that credit card companies can change the interest rate","psg_id":"11901479"},{"title":"Consumer Credit Act 1974","text":"does not restrict the time limit of use to less than three months. The agreement does not have to exceed three months, but the option to do so must be given by one party. Partially regulated agreements are those consumer hire or consumer credit agreements which are not an exempt agreement but are exempt from certain provisions of the Act. What these provisions are depends on the type of agreement; small agreements, non-commercial agreements and contracts with a foreign element. Small agreements are defined in Section 17 of the act as regulated consumer credit agreements where the credit does not","psg_id":"5606662"},{"title":"Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis v. First of Omaha Service Corp.","text":"it has been ever since. South Dakota lured a few more large credit operators, such as Wells Fargo, before corporation-friendly Delaware repealed its anti-usury laws as well. Several other states also repealed their interest-rate caps, more lenders entered the credit-card field and introduced newer products and by 1990 the amount of credit cards in use in the U.S. had more than doubled. Credit cards, once a loss leader for the banks that issued them, became a major profit center as banks aggressively marketed them to \"revolvers\", customers who carried large balances but rarely paid more than the monthly minimum, resulting","psg_id":"12372299"},{"title":"Financial privacy laws in the United States","text":"a subpoena, or a search warrant, financial institutions are obligated to disclose the requested financial information. With proof, financial institutions do not have to verify that all laws were followed before handing over information. The Song-Beverly Credit Card Act was passed in 1971 to protect consumer information in credit card transactions. Under the act, companies may not collect personally identifiable information from consumers who purchase goods or services using credit cards. Companies cannot set conditions in which consumers must consent to sharing their information in order to use their credit cards for a transaction. However, consumer information can be requested","psg_id":"20972337"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"recorded basic tracks, and Hunt approached Peter Dyer to create a backing soundscape for the tracks. \"What Were You Hoping For?\" was later mixed by Melissa Mattey. Hunt has cited its minimalist recording process as his \"most hands off approach ... thus far on an album\", calling the approach \"musically adept but also stringently unique. People might describe it as futuristic.\" Expanding on his previous work's blend of R&B and rock music forms, \"What Were You Hoping For?\" incorporates hard rock, lively funk, sparse ballads, and elements of soul, punk rock, and progressive rock. The music has a loose feel,","psg_id":"16116204"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"\"What Were You Hoping For?\" received rave reviews from music critics, who praised its musical direction, Hunt's performance, and his songwriting. However, it received some backlash from Hunt's fanbase for its stylistic departure from his past work. The album produced one single, \"Eyes Like Pearls\", and performed modestly on music charts, reaching number 50 on the \"Billboard\" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Hunt promoted \"What You Were Hoping For?\" with a national tour that spanned September to October 2011, and featured session band members Ruth Price and Peter Dyer. In 2006, Hunt released his second album \"On the Jungle Floor\" to critical","psg_id":"16116191"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"exception are prepaid credit cards with an EMV chip. These cards do require a PIN if the payment is processed via Chip and PIN technology. After purchasing the card, the cardholder loads the account with any amount of money, up to the predetermined card limit and then uses the card to make purchases the same way as a typical credit card. Prepaid cards can be issued to minors (above 13) since there is no credit line involved. The main advantage over secured credit cards (see above section) is that the cardholder is not required to come up with $500 or","psg_id":"11901434"},{"title":"Credit Card Insider","text":"articles from experts on responsible credit practices. Credit Card Insider author John Ulzheimer is twice Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) certified by the credit reporting industry’s trade association. He is also a credit blogger for Credit Sesame, Mint, and the National Foundation for Credit Counseling. Credit Card Insider reports the interest rates charged by various credit cards, the benefits they provide and recommend specific cards in major categories like student, small business, and secured. Ganotis has been interviewed by several major news publications including MarketWatch, Business Insider, and Kiplinger to provide insight on a variety of finance and credit card","psg_id":"18715784"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"a charge card also in that a credit card typically involves a third-party entity that pays the seller and is reimbursed by the buyer, whereas a charge card simply defers payment by the buyer until a later date. The size of most credit cards is 85.60 mm × 53.98 mm ( × inches) and rounded corners with a radius of 2.88–3.48 mm, conforming to the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard, the same size as ATM cards and other payment cards, such as debit cards. Credit cards have a printed or embossed bank card number complying with the ISO/IEC 7812 numbering standard.","psg_id":"11901389"},{"title":"Credit card","text":"For this reason, many consumers have large cash balances, which have no grace period and incur interest at a rate that is (usually) higher than the purchase rate, and will carry those balances for years, even if they pay off their statement balance each month. Credit cards are a risky way for entrepreneurs to acquire capital for their start ups when more conventional financing is unavailable. Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner used personal credit cards to start Cisco Systems. Larry Page and Sergey Brin's start up of Google was financed by credit cards to buy the necessary computers and office","psg_id":"11901487"},{"title":"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II)","text":"at one time: 2,136<br> Fewest cards legal at one time: 509.<br> Most cards banned at one time: 12.<br> <br> <br> Most cards banned from a single set: 10.<br> Most Reprinted Card in Standard:<br> Card with the longest window of uninterrupted legality:<br> Most-duplicated single card in a single standard environment:<br> Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II) The collectible card game was first released in 1993 with very few restrictions on how players could construct their decks (which cards to include, and how many copies of each card were allowed). The game evolved over time, and different formats were developed","psg_id":"20211556"},{"title":"What Were You Hoping For?","text":"the album with a 20-date national headlining tour, his first national tour since 2008. It began on September 19 at Webster Hall in New York City and concluded on October 13 at Yoshi's in San Francisco. He performed with members of his session band, drummer Ruth Price and keyboardist Peter Dyer, as well as guitarist Douglas Showalter. Prior to the tour, they had played at the 21st NAACP Theatre Awards gala on August 29. \"What You Were Hoping For?\" was met with rave reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream","psg_id":"16116220"},{"title":"Debit card","text":"credit cards, such as free incentives (points, cashback etc. (the Tesco Bank debit card being one exception)), interest-free credit and protection against defaulting merchants under Section 75 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974. Almost all establishments in the United Kingdom that accept credit cards also accept debit cards, but a minority of merchants, for cost reasons, accept debit cards and not credit cards. It is the West Africa Economic and Monetary Union federating eight countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinée Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo. GIM-UEMOA is the regional switch féderating more than 120 members (banks, microfinances, electronic","psg_id":"112381"},{"title":"Credit","text":"of immediate payment\". Common forms of consumer credit include credit cards, store cards, motor vehicle finance, personal loans (installment loans), consumer lines of credit, retail loans (retail installment loans) and mortgages. This is a broad definition of consumer credit and corresponds with the Bank of England's definition of \"Lending to individuals\". Given the size and nature of the mortgage market, many observers classify mortgage lending as a separate category of personal borrowing, and consequently residential mortgages are excluded from some definitions of consumer credit, such as the one adopted by the U.S. Federal Reserve. The cost of credit is the","psg_id":"4865159"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit score in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"Wachovia Bank in 2006) abandoned FICO scores for a more costly analysis of a potential borrower's assets and employment before giving a loan. According to the experts at MyFico.com, credit scores are enhanced by having multiple credit cards, the use of credit cards, and having installment loans. However, financially secure individuals who do not use multiple credit cards and/or self-finance installment type expenses may be inaccurately assessed a lower credit score. Experian, Equifax, TransUnion and their trade association (the Consumer Data Industry Association or \\\"CDIA\\\") have all gone on record saying that employers do not receive credit scores on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2628558\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"for each credit card. In this case the booklets readily enable the location of a card’s current available credit when ten or more cards are in use. As well as convenient credit, credit cards offer consumers an easy way to track expenses, which is necessary for both monitoring personal expenditures and the tracking of work-related expenses for taxation and reimbursement purposes. Credit cards are accepted in larger establishments in almost all countries, and are available with a variety of credit limits, repayment arrangements. Some have added perks (such as insurance protection, rewards schemes in which points earned by purchasing goods\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901425\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"banking system under the Glass–Steagall Act meant that credit cards became an effective way for those who were traveling around the country to move their credit to places where they could not directly use their banking facilities. There are now countless variations on the basic concept of revolving credit for individuals (as issued by banks and honored by a network of financial institutions), including organization-branded credit cards, corporate-user credit cards, store cards and so on. In 1966, Barclaycard in the United Kingdom launched the first credit card outside the United States. Although credit cards reached very high adoption levels in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901405\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gas rebate credit cards\",\n \"text\": \"a credit card glitch. Gas rebate credit cards Gas rebate credit cards or gas cashback cards became popular in the United States in the wake of the 2000s energy crisis and the rising price of gasoline. The appeal of a gas rebate credit card is that cardholders obtain a sure percent of the sum they consume on gasoline each month in the form of a rebate check at the end of the year. It works similarly to a cashback discount recognition card with the exception that the gasoline discount is frequently applied each month, rather than each year, which makes\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13774661\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"other variables including: the type of merchant, the merchant's total card sales volume, the merchant's average transaction amount, whether the cards were physically present, how the information required for the transaction was received, the specific type of card, when the transaction was settled, and the authorized and settled transaction amounts. In some cases, merchants add a surcharge to the credit cards to cover the interchange fee, encouraging their customers to instead use cash, debit cards, or even cheques. Interest charges vary widely from card issuer to card issuer. Often, there are \\\"teaser\\\" rates in effect for initial periods of time\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901469\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gas rebate credit cards\",\n \"text\": \"Gas rebate credit cards Gas rebate credit cards or gas cashback cards became popular in the United States in the wake of the 2000s energy crisis and the rising price of gasoline. The appeal of a gas rebate credit card is that cardholders obtain a sure percent of the sum they consume on gasoline each month in the form of a rebate check at the end of the year. It works similarly to a cashback discount recognition card with the exception that the gasoline discount is frequently applied each month, rather than each year, which makes the savings easier to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13774659\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Letter of credit\",\n \"text\": \"credit were traditionally governed by internationally recognized rules and procedures rather than by national law. The International Chamber of Commerce oversaw the preparation of the first Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP) in 1933, creating a voluntary framework for commercial banks to apply to transactions worldwide. In the late 19th century and early 20th century, travelers commonly carried a \\\"circular\\\" letter of credit issued by a relationship bank, which allowed the beneficiary to withdraw cash from other banks along their journey. This type of letter of credit was eventually replaced by traveler's checks, credit cards and automated teller\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3462716\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"into an interactive tool on the FCAC website. The interactive tool uses several interview-type questions to build a profile of the user's credit card usage habits and needs, eliminating unsuitable choices based on the profile, so that the user is presented with a small number of credit cards and the ability to carry out detailed comparisons of features, reward programs, interest rates, etc. Credit card debt has increased steadily. Since the late 1990s, lawmakers, consumer advocacy groups, college officials and other higher education affiliates have become increasingly concerned about the rising use of credit cards among college students. The major\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901477\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Revolving credit\",\n \"text\": \"Revolving credit Revolving credit is a type of credit that does not have a fixed number of payments, in contrast to installment credit. Credit cards are an example of revolving credit used by consumers. Corporate revolving credit facilities are typically used to provide liquidity for a company's day-to-day operations. They were first introduced by the Strawbridge and Clothier Department Store. It is an arrangement which allows for the loan amount to be withdrawn, repaid, and redrawn again in any manner and any number of times, until the arrangement expires. Credit card loans and overdrafts are revolving loans, also called evergreen\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3026153\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gas rebate credit cards\",\n \"text\": \"view for most consumers. Companies provide an average of 3% APR on new gas rebate credit cards. Concerns over fraud have led credit card companies to limit the amount of gasoline a consumer can take during pay at the pump transactions. One of the more famous cases of gas credit card usage was when television anchor Anne Pressly was attacked and then had her credit card used minutes later. Glitches can also compromise consumers such as the case in July 2009, where Josh Muszynski from New Hampshire, got charged $23 quadrillion dollars by Bank of America and Visa due to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13774660\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"feature. In addition to the main credit card number, credit cards also carry issue and expiration dates (given to the nearest month), as well as extra codes such as issue numbers and security codes. Not all credit cards have the same sets of extra codes nor do they use the same number of digits. Credit card numbers were originally embossed to allow easy transfer of the number to charge slips. With the decline of paper slips, some credit cards are no longer embossed and in fact the card number is no longer in the front. The concept of using a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901391\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"personal credit from the activity of the business. Business credit cards are offered by almost all major card issuers—like American Express, Visa, and MasterCard in addition to local banks and credit unions. Charge cards for businesses, however, are currently only offered by American Express. A secured credit card is a type of credit card secured by a deposit account owned by the cardholder. Typically, the cardholder must deposit between 100% and 200% of the total amount of credit desired. Thus if the cardholder puts down $1,000, they will be given credit in the range of $500–1,000. In some cases, credit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card fraud\",\n \"text\": \"more typically used to verify credit card data obtained directly from the victims by skimming or phishing. A set of credit card details that have been verified in this way is known in fraud circles as a phish. A carder will typically sell data files of the phish to other individuals who will carry out the actual fraud. The market price for a phish ranges from US$1.00 to US$50.00 depending on the type of card, the freshness of the data and credit status of the victim. Credit cards are produced in BIN ranges. Where an issuer does not use random\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11600356\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Entertainment Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"insurance service of First Entertainment, operates under the credit union's CUSO MBC and offers its members auto, vehicle, renter's, homeowner's and pet coverage. A full-service financial institution, First Entertainment Credit Union offers a wide range of products and services such as: Savings and Checking Accounts, IRAs, Money Markets, Personal and Vehicle Loans, Platinum Visa® Credit Cards, Auto Loans, Real Estate Loans, and a First Time Homebuyer Program. First Entertainment Credit Union offers its members online account access and electronic services such as e-Statements, e-Alerts, Bill Pay Services, Online Tutorials, Mobile Banking and Mobile Deposits. Members can also submit Loan Applications\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16026198\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Offshore credit card\",\n \"text\": \"card, and most carry a major label such as Visa or MasterCard. Another type of card often marketed as a credit card is an offshore debit card. Offshore debit cards are linked to an offshore bank account, and do not involve any extensions of credit whatsoever. The only money that may be spent is the amount stored in the offshore bank account itself. An offshore Visa debit or MasterCard is accepted worldwide just like a credit card. Offshore credit card Offshore credit cards are credit cards issued by an offshore bank in a jurisdiction that is different from that of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12974729\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"or more specifically exonumia (study of money-like objects), credit card collectors seek to collect various embodiments of credit from the now familiar plastic cards to older paper merchant cards, and even metal tokens that were accepted as merchant credit cards. Early credit cards were made of celluloid plastic, then metal and fiber, then paper, and are now mostly polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic. However the chip part of credit cards is not made from plastic but from metals. A credit card issuing company, such as a bank or credit union, enters into agreements with merchants for them to accept their credit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901409\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"have introduced smart cards, but the U.S. had not. , the U.S. banking system had not updated the cards and associated readers in the U.S., stating that the costs were prohibitive. As of 2015, the smart cards had been introduced and put into use in the United States. Credit card A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges. The card issuer (usually a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901489\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"rate). Merchants are charged several fees for accepting credit cards. The merchant is usually charged a commission of around 1 to 4 percent of the value of each transaction paid for by credit card. The merchant may also pay a variable charge, called a merchant discount rate, for each transaction. In some instances of very low-value transactions, use of credit cards will significantly reduce the profit margin or cause the merchant to lose money on the transaction. Merchants with very low average transaction prices or very high average transaction prices are more averse to accepting credit cards. In some cases\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901446\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"fees, features, interest rates and reward programs of nearly 200 credit cards available in Canada. This database is updated on a quarterly basis with information supplied by the credit card issuing companies. Information in the database is published every quarter on the website of the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (FCAC). Information in the database is published in two formats. It is available in PDF comparison tables that break down the information according to type of credit card, allowing the reader to compare the features of, for example, all the student credit cards in the database. The database also feeds\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901476\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"America's First Federal Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"largest credit union in the city of Birmingham and the third largest in the state of Alabama. The credit union offers a variety of financial services to members: It also offers consumer and auto loans, credit cards, mortgages, home equity lines of credit, investment planning services, and insurance services. Alabamians are eligible for membership if they live, work, worship or attend school in Bibb, Blount, Chilton, Jefferson, Shelby, St. Clair, Walker, Calhoun counties, as well as certain areas of Mobile and Talladega counties. Additionally, America's First membership is open to employees of more than 1400 Alabama-based companies. As of December\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18945017\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"National identity cards in the European Economic Area\",\n \"text\": \"national identity cards issued to residents who are not citizens, are not valid as a travel document within the EEA and Switzerland. National identity cards are often accepted in other parts of the world for unofficial identification purposes (such as age verification in commercial establishments that serve or sell alcohol, or checking in at hotels) and sometimes for official purposes such as proof of identity/nationality to authorities (especially machine-readable cards). Four EEA member states do not issue cards defined by EU as national identity cards to their citizens: Denmark, Iceland, Norway and the United Kingdom (except to residents of Gibraltar);\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16971830\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Offshore credit card\",\n \"text\": \"bank in question. Since it is almost impossible to get one, if you see an 'unsecured' offshore credit card advertised online beware it is probably a scam. Since most banks will not offer credit lines without some kind of insurance, they offer 'secured' offshore credit cards as an alternative. Secured offshore credit cards involve depositing a certain amount (usually 125-150% of the credit line) to cover what you borrow. For a credit line of 20,000 USD for example, a deposit of 25000-30000 USD may be required. This aside, the card operates to all intents and purposes like a normal credit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12974728\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments\",\n \"text\": \"was placed under the Ministry of Labour and Employment. On 15 January 2014 the Ministry of Labour and Employment upgraded the Directorate of Inspection for Factories and Establishments into the Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments is an autonomous government agency responsible for health and safety inspection in factories and industries in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It also provides factories with information and training regarding workers safety and the enforcement of labour laws in Bangladesh. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20497625\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Choice (credit card)\",\n \"text\": \"Choice (credit card) Choice was a credit card test marketed by Citibank in the United States, announced in 1977, and first issued in 1978. It was one of the first cards to offer a cash refund program, and no annual fee. Choice was intended to create a rival to Visa, MasterCard, and American Express, but proved unsuccessful, and was withdrawn in 1987. Citibank has continued to use the \\\"Choice\\\" name on some of its Visa and MasterCard cards. The card was introduced in 1977, when Citibank bought NAC, a regional credit card based in Baltimore, renaming it Choice. A subsequent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9252198\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit unions in the United Kingdom\",\n \"text\": \"in the mid-1960s in London and Scotland. The first recorded British credit union was the Hornsey Co-operative, established 1964 in North London by Caribbean families, and is the foundation of what is now London Capital Credit Union. Credit unions were popular in the Caribbean and large numbers of first generation Caribbean-British would become members of credit unions. By 1998, 38% of Caribbean British adults were members of credit unions. In Scotland, several credit unions were established by immigrants from Ireland. In Glasgow, credit union coverage and membership remains broad: one in six Glaswegians is member of a credit union, with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16225857\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nonresidential water use in the U.S.\",\n \"text\": \"Lamar County WSD to 79 percent in Borger MWS, with average share of 35 percent. In order to achieve improvements in the efficiency of CII water use, it is necessary to obtain information about the existing conservation potential in different types of establishments and about specific end uses of water in each CII category. Studies of water use in the CII sector were conducted by the American Water Works Association, Pacific Institute, Colorado WaterWise Council, Conserve Florida Water Clearinghouse (CFWC), and Water Research Foundation (WRF). Nearly a hundred specific end uses within seven major groupings (i.e., washing and sanitation, domestic-type\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20100126\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"with the card can be redeemed for further goods and services or cashback). Some countries, such as the United States, the United Kingdom, and France, limit the amount for which a consumer can be held liable in the event of fraudulent transactions with a lost or stolen credit card. Business credit cards are specialized credit cards issued in the name of a registered business, and typically they can only be used for business purposes. Their use has grown in recent decades. In 1998, for instance, 37% of small businesses reported using a business credit card; by 2009, this number had\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901426\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Master of the Playing Cards\",\n \"text\": \"in different versions, all catalogued by Max Lehrs. Woodcut old master prints had begun around the turn of the century, and were extremely popular by the start of the Master of the Playing Cards' career, but were then almost all very crudely executed. Playing cards and religious images were the vast majority of the production. Although he comes very early in the history of engraving for prints, the Master of the Playing Cards is certainly not the inventor of the technique. He is however considered the first significant artist to use either printmaking technique. The art historian Arthur Mayger Hind\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9382625\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis v. First of Omaha Service Corp.\",\n \"text\": \"case before the justices. At the same time, some residents of Minnesota were being offered cards by First National of Omaha, at similar terms. Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis, which was chartered in the state and also offering credit cards, confronted First National Bank of Omaha and informed them that what they were doing with the interest rate was illegal, since Minnesota's capped interest rates at 12 percent (without specifying what kind of debt). Marquette threatened to take the Omaha bank to the U.S. Supreme Court if necessary if their practice continued. Marquette began to lobby for the passage of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12372291\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"their account is opened. Secured credit cards are an option to allow a person with a poor credit history or no credit history to have a credit card which might not otherwise be available. They are often offered as a means of rebuilding one's credit. Fees and service charges for secured credit cards often exceed those charged for ordinary non-secured credit cards. For people in certain situations, (for example, after charging off on other credit cards, or people with a long history of delinquency on various forms of debt), secured cards are almost always more expensive than unsecured credit cards.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments\",\n \"text\": \"Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments is an autonomous government agency responsible for health and safety inspection in factories and industries in Bangladesh and is located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It also provides factories with information and training regarding workers safety and the enforcement of labour laws in Bangladesh. Department of Inspection for Factories and Establishments was established on 1969 by the government of Pakistan on the recommendations of Air Vice Marshal Malik Nur Khan as the Directorate of Inspection for Factories and Establishments. After the Independence of Bangladesh in 1971 the Directorate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20497624\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Revolving credit\",\n \"text\": \"financial accommodation within it - for example, it is possible to incorporate a letter of credit, a swingline (that is, a short-term borrowing that is funded on one day's notice), or an overdraft within the terms of a revolving credit loan. This is often achieved by creating a sublimit within the overall loan, allowing a certain amount of the lenders' commitment to be drawn in the form of these different facilities. Revolving credit Revolving credit is a type of credit that does not have a fixed number of payments, in contrast to installment credit. Credit cards are an example of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3026156\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card kiting\",\n \"text\": \"Credit card kiting Credit card kiting refers to the use of one or more credit cards to obtain cash and purchasing power they do not have, or pay credit card balances with the proceeds of other cards. Unlike check kiting, which is illegal under nearly all circumstances, laws against credit card kiting are not completely prohibitive of the practice, thereby allowing it to be done to some degree. It is up to the banks to detect the practice and when necessary, stop it. In order for prosecution to occur in a credit card kiting scheme, a bank must prove intent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16123219\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Animation Throwdown: The Quest For Cards\",\n \"text\": \"24, or 48 hours, depending on the rarity of the resultant combo. The player can use the combo ability in battle by putting a card on top of another card, thus effectively merging them together. Here, players can change around their Cards that they would like to use in their deck when playing battles and matches. A deck must be at least 25 cards. Players can also upgrade their cards using Giggitywatts giving them better stats or more abilities. Unwanted cards can be placed in the 'Recycle' section to trade in for 'Giggitywatts'. The player can also fuse cards by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19751854\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"grown to 64%. Business credit cards offer a number of features specific to businesses. They frequently offer special rewards in areas such as shipping, office supplies, travel, and business technology. Most issuers use the applicant's personal credit score when evaluating these applications. In addition, income from a variety of sources may be used to qualify, which means these cards may be available to businesses that are newly established. In addition, most major issuers of these cards do not report account activity to the owner's personal credit unless there is a default. This may have the effect of protecting the owner's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901427\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"1990s to reach anything like the percentage market penetration levels achieved in the US, Canada, and UK. In some countries, acceptance still remains low as the use of a credit card system depends on the banking system of each country; while in others, a country sometimes had to develop its own credit card network, e.g. UK's Barclaycard and Australia's Bankcard. Japan remains a very cash-oriented society, with credit card adoption being limited mainly to the largest of merchants; although stored value cards (such as telephone cards) are used as alternative currencies, the trend is toward RFID-based systems inside cards, cellphones,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901407\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Tech Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"Tektronix employees on January 14, 1952. In 1961, the name was changed to Tektronix Employees Federal Credit Union to reflect the credit union's membership. From very early on, technical innovation was used and resulted in First Tech's motto of \\\"Think Forward\\\". As early as 1976, the credit union began using computers for online data processing. By 1979, Tektronix Employees Federal Credit Union had begun the use of ATMs. In 1985, the credit union unveiled \\\"Call 24\\\", which allowed members to check balances and transfer funds by phone. In 1986, the name was changed to First Technology Credit Union and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12112422\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"more to open an account. With prepaid credit cards purchasers are not charged any interest but are often charged a purchasing fee plus monthly fees after an arbitrary time period. Many other fees also usually apply to a prepaid card. Prepaid credit cards are sometimes marketed to teenagers for shopping online without having their parents complete the transaction. Teenagers can only use funds that are available on the card which helps promote financial management to reduce the risk of debt problems later in life. Prepaid cards can be used globally. The prepaid card is convenient for payees in developing countries\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901435\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Steam Trading Cards\",\n \"text\": \"Steam Trading Cards Steam Trading Cards are a digital commodity issued by Valve Corporation for use on its digital distribution platform, Steam. Steam Trading Cards are a non-physical analogue of conventional trading cards, which are periodically granted to Steam users for playing games, fulfilling tasks, or by random chance. Cards can be \\\"crafted\\\" to acquire Steam-centric awards such as emoticons or profile backgrounds, traded to other Steam users, or sold through the Steam Community Market for store credit. Since their introduction in 2013, Steam Trading Card sets have been integrated into over 7,000 games. The developer revenue gained through trading\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20521960\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit in the Thirteen Colonies\",\n \"text\": \"certain loans. The colonies had many currencies and coins in circulations. However, there was a shortage of currency for those wishing to use it as a medium of exchange. There were additional costs to facilitating some trades which was avoided by the use of credit. Credit in the Thirteen Colonies The Thirteen Colonies made wide use of credit. Credit was used for domestic and overseas goods, as well as a method of repayment. Credit allowed colonists to defer their payments for goods and services until a later time, which was a more favourable payment option than cash or barter. Institutions\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15405190\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"the US, Canada and the UK during the latter 20th century, many cultures were more cash-oriented or developed alternative forms of cashless payments, such as Carte bleue or the Eurocard (Germany, France, Switzerland, and others). In these places, adoption of credit cards was initially much slower. Due to strict regulations regarding bank overdrafts, some countries, France in particular, were much quicker to develop and adopt chip-based credit cards which are seen as major anti-fraud credit devices. Debit cards and online banking (using either ATMs or PCs) are used more widely than credit cards in some countries. It took until the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901406\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"equipment, more specifically \\\"a terabyte of hard disks\\\". Similarly, filmmaker Robert Townsend financed part of \\\"Hollywood Shuffle\\\" using credit cards. Director Kevin Smith funded \\\"Clerks\\\" in part by maxing out several credit cards. Actor Richard Hatch also financed his production of \\\"\\\" partly through his credit cards. Famed hedge fund manager Bruce Kovner began his career (and, later on, his firm Caxton Associates) in financial markets by borrowing from his credit card. UK entrepreneur James Caan (as seen on \\\"Dragons' Den\\\") financed his first business using several credit cards. Travellers from the U.S. had encountered problems abroad because many countries\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901488\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit reference\",\n \"text\": \"Credit reference A credit reference is information, the name of an individual, or the name of an organization that can provide details about an individual's past track record with credit. Credit rating agencies provide credit references for companies while credit bureaus provide credit references for individuals. Other letters of credit reference might be written by banks, which would provide basic information about how long the applicant has held an account, what type of account it was, and whether there were any overdrafts or late payments noted. Individuals and companies can carry out credit checks on businesses in order to assess\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9595805\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Community First Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"a credit union for all residents, not just employees with payroll deductions. This was followed in 1983 by a similar expansion in Liverpool, and in 1984 to the Shire of Hornsby. New offices were also opened in Campbelltown, North Ryde and Dee Why. The transformation from a work-based credit union to a more community-based one prompted another name change, to S.W.B. Community Credit Union Ltd. In 1983 the Rediteller ATM network was launched and all members were issued with Redicards, for use in some 500 ATMs nationwide. In 1984, the Credit Union Visa Card gave members debit-card access to their\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18706538\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card hijacking\",\n \"text\": \"fraud. Another form of credit card hijacking is the continued charging of a person’s credit card for a subscription to goods or services no longer desired by the credit card owner. This type of credit card hijacking was pioneered by major ISPs, credit monitoring services and online dating services, are perfectly legal, and are still common today in a wide range of subscription based goods and services. Credit card hijacking of this type came about as online subscription based marketers realized that traditional subscription systems, such as the annual subscriptions that paper magazines use, were an impediment to enrolling customers.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11600383\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit score\",\n \"text\": \"Credit score A credit score is a numerical expression based on a level analysis of a person's credit files, to represent the creditworthiness of an individual. A credit score is primarily based on a credit report information typically sourced from credit bureaus. Lenders, such as banks and credit card companies, use credit scores to evaluate the potential risk posed by lending money to consumers and to mitigate losses due to bad debt. Lenders use credit scores to determine who qualifies for a loan, at what interest rate, and what credit limits. Lenders also use credit scores to determine which customers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7005082\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit unions in the United Kingdom\",\n \"text\": \"July 2002. Before the Credit Union Act 1979 was passed, there was no special legal structure for credit unions in the UK. Some of the early credit unions chose to register under the Companies Act and some under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act. They are classified in two types: type 1 are the smaller credit unions while type 2 are larger. From November 2006, many type 2 credit unions began offering their members debit card accounts so that they could withdraw cash from any Link ATM. In June 2008, the Treasury announced plans to encourage the growth of credit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16225862\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit One Bank\",\n \"text\": \"Credit One Bank Credit One Bank, N.A., simply referred to as Credit One Bank, is a U.S.-based bank specializing in credit cards. It has corporate offices in Las Vegas, Nevada. The bank is held by Credit One Financial, a bank holding company registered in Nevada. Credit One Financial is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sherman Financial Group, LLC. As of 2017, Credit One Bank services more than 7 million cardholders across the United States. Credit One Bank operates under a CEBA national bank charter (OCC Charter Number: 20291). This type of charter affects the bank’s lending and deposit functions. Requirements\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11543200\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"In the Game Trading Cards\",\n \"text\": \"In the Game Trading Cards In The Game is a sports card manufacturing company with its head office in the United States and an office in Canada. In The Game, often abbreviated to ITG, and was founded by Dr. Brian H. Price in 1998. In The Game mainly produced hockey trading cards. In 2014 the right to use the In The Game name was transferred to Leaf Trading Cards in Dallas, Texas. In The Game's first entrance into the trading card market came in the 1998-1999 season, when they produced the NHL Players Association's \\\"Be A Player\\\" brand trading cards\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5212172\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"like Brazil, Russia, India, and China, where international wire transfers and bank checks are time consuming, complicated and costly. Because of the many fees that apply to obtaining and using credit-card-branded prepaid cards, the Financial Consumer Agency of Canada describes them as \\\"an expensive way to spend your own money\\\". The agency publishes a booklet entitled \\\"Pre-paid Cards\\\" which explains the advantages and disadvantages of this type of prepaid card. A digital card is a digital cloud-hosted virtual representation of any kind of identification card or payment card, such as a credit card. The main benefit to the cardholder is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901436\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"The card number's \\\"prefix\\\", called the Bank Identification Number, is the sequence of digits at the beginning of the number that determine the bank to which a credit card number belongs. This is the first six digits for MasterCard and Visa cards. The next nine digits are the individual account number, and the final digit is a validity check code. Both of these standards are maintained and further developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 17/WG 1. Credit cards have a magnetic stripe conforming to the ISO/IEC 7813. Many modern credit cards have a computer chip embedded in them as a security\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901390\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation\",\n \"text\": \"a sum of $10,000.00 on June 15, 1903, for the all time right of undisturbed use and occupancy of the land. The reserve as it stands today consists of lots 1 to 12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Tuscarora, in the County of Brant, and lots 1-12 in the first and second concessions in the Township of Oneida. In 1997, New Credit purchased an additional bordering on Highway #6, Hagersville. The First Nation made claims to land on which Toronto sits through the disputed Toronto Purchase of 1787. In 2010, Canada agreed to pay for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8126972\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit score in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"credit cards issued by Capital One, U.S. Bank, Chase Bank, TD Bank, N.A., and USAA Bank. CE Score is published by CE Analytics and licensed to sites such as Community Empower and iQualifier.com. This score is distributed to 6,500 lenders through the Credit Plus network but is free to consumers. It has a range of 350 to 850. A number of scores have been developed to help consumers understand and improve their credit score. Most were introduced before FICO began sharing details of their model and encouraging lenders to share scores with consumers. While these scores can help consumers monitor\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2628550\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Defence Research Establishments\",\n \"text\": \"Defence Research Establishments The Defence Research Establishments were a number of separate UK Ministry of Defence Research Establishments, dating back to World War II, World War I, or even earlier. Each establishment had its own head; known as the Director or the Superintendent. Prior to the formation of the Ministry of Defence each of the three Services, i.e. the Royal Air Force, the Admiralty and the War Office, had their own research establishments; although some establishments had tri-service functions. At the beginning of World War II there were about a dozen research and development establishments. The main ones were: Many\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2850755\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit score in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"Credit score in the United States Credit score in the United States is a number representing the creditworthiness of a person, the likelihood that person will pay his or her debts. Lenders, such as banks and credit card companies, use credit scores to evaluate the potential risk posed by lending money to consumers. Lenders allege that widespread use of credit scores has made credit more widely available and less expensive for many consumers. The FICO score was first introduced in 1989 by FICO, then called Fair, Isaac, and Company. The FICO model is used by the vast majority of banks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2628539\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"America First Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"Hill Air Force Base, and Fort Douglas. Utah-chartered credit unions began serving anyone in the state and the credit union changed its name to America First Credit Union in 1984. In 1994, it marketed residential mortgages with incentives such as no fees for first mortgage refinancing, a quarter-point reduction in the interest rate if payments were to be deducted automatically from an America First checking account, and a quarter-point reduction for mortgages of less than half the residence's appraised value. Beginning in 1998, a series of legal and legislative restrictions were placed on America First Credit Union's field of membership\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9138739\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"Heatseekers Albums, which is a weekly music chart that ranks top-selling albums by new or developing acts, defined as those who have never appeared in the top 100 of the \\\"Billboard\\\" 200 or in the top 10 of \\\"Billboard\\\"s component charts. The album also reached number 50 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. All songs were written, arranged, and produced by Van Hunt. Credits for \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\" adapted from Allmusic. What Were You Hoping For? What Were You Hoping For? is the third studio album by American recording artist Van Hunt, released September 27, 2011, on his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"in 2008. Two songs from those sessions, \\\"Moving Targets\\\" and \\\"Eyes Like Pearls\\\", were included on \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\". After setting up his own label in 2009, Hunt began a new process for \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\", writing and recording songs for 10 months. In an interview for the \\\"Chicago Tribune\\\", he said of his expectations for the album's recording: \\\"I really wasn't sure what it would wind up being sonically. I love Bach cello suites, I love punk music, I love old blues, negro spiritual quartets, Muddy Waters' 'You Need Love.' There is a simplicity but\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116199\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation\",\n \"text\": \"Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation Mississaugas of the New Credit First Nation is a Mississauga Ojibwa First Nation located near Brantford in south-central Ontario, Canada. In April 2015, New Credit had an enrolled population of 2,330 people, 850 of whom lived on the New Credit Reserve. Mississaugas of New Credit First Nation govern the 2,392.6-hectare parcel of New Credit 40A Indian Reserve known as Reserve 40B near Hagersville, Ontario. This reserve is located near the Six Nations of the Grand River in Brantford. In the 19th century, the Mississaugas wanted to move from a reserve near present-day Port\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8126970\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"NASA Federal Credit Union\",\n \"text\": \"mentioned in media outlets about their competitive products, particularly on auto rates, mortgages and CDs as compared to larger banks. NASA Federal has been named in several publications as a recommended credit union to use for a variety of products. NASA Federal offers a fixed rate 9.9% balance transfer to those who’ve opened an account within 90 days. These cards have been mentioned by well-known finance websites such as NerdWallet, who published an article describing the benefits of the credit cards. NASA Federal launched its Star Trek credit card program in August 2016, in partnership with CBS and in conjunction\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16994804\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Offshore credit card\",\n \"text\": \"Offshore credit card Offshore credit cards are credit cards issued by an offshore bank in a jurisdiction that is different from that of the cardholder. Real 'unsecured' offshore credit cards with credit lines are very difficult for the average person to obtain because banks refuse to issue them. Most banks will need possession of reliable credit histories and a means of getting their money back. If a customer is somewhere 'offshore' the risk of extending a credit line is too great and so as a result these cards are only issued to clients that have long standing relationships with the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12974727\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"SBI Cards\",\n \"text\": \"State Bank of India to float two joint venture companies, including SBI Cards for developing the credit card business in India. SBI Cards & Payment Services is the front end of the business, focusing on marketing and distribution of credit cards. GE Capital Business Process Management Services takes care of the technology and processing as a captive BPO unit. GE Capital owns 40 per cent in the former and 60 per cent in the latter. SBI owns 60 per cent in SBI Cards and Payment Services and 40 per cent in the captive BPO unit. As on July 2016, State\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16622614\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"In the Game Trading Cards\",\n \"text\": \"issues. In the Game Trading Cards In The Game is a sports card manufacturing company with its head office in the United States and an office in Canada. In The Game, often abbreviated to ITG, and was founded by Dr. Brian H. Price in 1998. In The Game mainly produced hockey trading cards. In 2014 the right to use the In The Game name was transferred to Leaf Trading Cards in Dallas, Texas. In The Game's first entrance into the trading card market came in the 1998-1999 season, when they produced the NHL Players Association's \\\"Be A Player\\\" brand trading\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5212176\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"Sometimes a credit card will be secured by the equity in the borrower's home. A \\\"prepaid credit card\\\" is not a true credit card, since no credit is offered by the card issuer: the cardholder spends money which has been \\\"stored\\\" via a prior deposit by the cardholder or someone else, such as a parent or employer. However, it carries a credit-card brand (such as Discover, Visa, MasterCard, American Express, or JCB) and can be used in similar ways just as though it were a credit card. Unlike debit cards, prepaid credit cards generally do not require a PIN. An\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901433\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nonresidential water use in the U.S.\",\n \"text\": \"uses, landscape irrigation, outdoor and indoor water features, cooling and heating, food service, and process water) were compiled in the WRF study. Typically, the total CII use in an urban area or a region is broken down by categories of commercial establishments (and types of institutions or industrial plants) based on the kinds of goods and services provided, or their function. The category's water use is then separated into several end uses (or purposes). The following list of 14 major CII categories of nonresidential buildings or establishments (with examples of possible subcategories) are commonly found in an urban water service\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20100127\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit Card Insider\",\n \"text\": \"use the award money wisely in order to pursue their higher education is required. Five students are selected for the scholarship money, each receives $1,000. Credit Card Insider Credit Card Insider is a privately held Syracuse, NY based consumer education company. The company provides reviews of credit cards, information about building credit, and tools to compare credit card products. Founded in 2012 by John Ganotis and Eric Adamowsky, the Credit Card Insider website launched in early 2013. The company is located in Syracuse, NY. The company works with different finance industry professionals, in the areas of personal finance, credit, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715786\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Master of the Playing Cards\",\n \"text\": \"made in woodcut, which can be printed in much greater numbers before the matrix wears out. Some of the cards are composed of different little plates, one per pip, which were presumably held together in a frame for printing. Possibly the Master was in Mainz and was influenced by Johannes Gutenberg's movable type. Despite this, the majority of the pips are unique, and although they appear rather jumbled as groups, when looked at individually it is apparent that many are very fine studies of their subjects. Despite the very few impressions surviving, some cards exist in two states, and some\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9382624\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"discussed below, and can result in charges back to the merchant). In most cases, cards are even more secure than cash, because they discourage theft by the merchant's employees and reduce the amount of cash on the premises. Finally, credit cards reduce the back office expense of processing checks/cash and transporting them to the bank. Prior to credit cards, each merchant had to evaluate each customer's credit history before extending credit. That task is now performed by the banks which assume the credit risk. Credit cards can also aid in securing a sale especially if the customer does not have\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901444\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"States. However, they do not have the resources to pursue all criminals, and in general they only prosecute cases exceeding $5,000. Three improvements to card security have been introduced to the more common credit card networks, but none has proven to help reduce credit card fraud so far. First, the cards themselves are being replaced with similar-looking tamper-resistant smart cards which are intended to make forgery more difficult. The majority of smart card (IC card) based credit cards comply with the EMV (Europay MasterCard Visa) standard. Second, an additional 3 or 4 digit card security code (CSC) is now present\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"from passing these fees directly to credit card customers, or from setting a minimum transaction amount (no longer prohibited in the United States, United Kingdom or Australia). The result is that merchants are induced to charge all customers (including those who do not use credit cards) higher prices to cover the fees on credit card transactions. The inducement can be strong because the merchant's fee is a percentage of the sale price, which has a disproportionate effect on the profitability of businesses that have predominantly credit card transactions, unless compensated for by raising prices generally. In the United States in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901442\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit Saison\",\n \"text\": \"and many other banks issues cashcard/Saison Card joint card. Credi Saison also issues for many other non-group companies. Annual fees of Saison Card are free for normal cards, 1575 yen to 3150 yen for some cards, and 10500 yen or more for gold or platinum cards. As of March 30, 2006: Credit Saison , commonly known as or simply , is a Japanese financial services company affiliated to Mizuho Financial Group. Founded in 1951, Credit Saison is the 3rd largest credit card issuer with over 20 million cardholders in Japan, behind JCB and Visa Japan. Credit Saison was founded in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10496563\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"Were You Hoping For?\\\" was released on September 27, 2011, by Hunt's independent record label Godless Hotspot in a joint venture with Nashville-based distributor Thirty Tigers. It was distributed by RED Distribution. Thirty Tigers reached out to Hunt during 2009 and offered their distribution and marketing services to him pending the album's completion. He subsequently assembled a marketing team and Godless Hotspot. \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\" was executive-produced by music manager and executive Randy Jackson, who originally helped Hunt get his first major-label record contract in 2003. The album's cover is a photograph taken by Hunt in North Hollywood\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116217\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit history\",\n \"text\": \"credit cards and mortgages until after they have worked in the new country with a stable income for several years. Some lenders do take into account credit history from other countries, but this practice is not common. Among credit card companies, American Express can transfer credit cards from one country to another and in this way help start a credit history. Adverse credit history, also called sub-prime credit history, non-status credit history, impaired credit history, poor credit history, and bad credit history, is a negative credit rating. A negative credit rating is often considered undesirable to lenders and other extenders\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4555414\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First National Bank of Omaha\",\n \"text\": \"Bankcard also services credit cards for Major League Lacrosse, World of Warcraft, Scheels All Sports, just to name a few. SunTrust Bank announced on December 12, 2006, that it has signed an agreement with Atlanta-based InfiCorp Holdings, Inc. (subsidiary of First National of Nebraska) for issuing consumer credit cards. Under terms of the agreement, InfiCorp will market, originate and service SunTrust-branded cards starting in the first quarter of 2007, focusing on SunTrust clients. An Iowa resident by the name of Fred Fisher received an unsolicited BankAmericard from First National Bank Omaha, in February 1969. Fisher filed a complaint against the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7869517\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"car insurance, common carrier accident protection, and travel medical insurance. Credit cards can also offer a loyalty program, where each purchase is rewarded with points, which may be redeemed for cash or products. Research has examined whether competition among card networks may potentially make payment rewards too generous, causing higher prices among merchants, thus actually impacting social welfare and its distribution, a situation potentially warranting public policy interventions. The table below contains a list of benefits offered in the United States for consumer credit cards. Benefits may vary in other countries or business credit cards. Low introductory credit card rates\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901438\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II)\",\n \"text\": \"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II) The collectible card game was first released in 1993 with very few restrictions on how players could construct their decks (which cards to include, and how many copies of each card were allowed). The game evolved over time, and different formats were developed which each had different constraints for how players could construct their decks. Constructed formats, for instance, allow players to build decks in advance using cards from their collection, although only a subset of cards are allowed. Another major development was the creation of officially sanctioned tournaments that offer prize\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20211553\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card kiting\",\n \"text\": \"case, using the credit card proceeds to earn interest at both banks' expense. Many payment services, such as PayPal and Square, allow people to receive credit card payments for low prices, which could be made to oneself. These could be used to pay off balances. In this case, the kiter is creating cash while avoiding legally entitled cash advance fees. This is a violation of PayPal and Square Terms of Service contracts and agreements. Credit card kiting Credit card kiting refers to the use of one or more credit cards to obtain cash and purchasing power they do not have,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16123222\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit score\",\n \"text\": \"free trial subscription of the service and then cancel before the first monthly charge. Websites like WalletHub, Credit Sesame and Credit Karma provide free credit scores with no credit card required, using the TransUnion VantageScore 3.0 model. Credit.com uses the Experian VantageScore 3.0 model. Until March 2009, holders of credit cards issued by Washington Mutual were offered a free FICO score each month through the bank's Web site. (Chase, which took over Washington Mutual in 2008, discontinued this practice in March, 2009.)Chase resumed the practice of offering a free FICO score in March, 2010 of select card members to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7005114\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"a substantial fraction of consumers (about 40 percent) choose a sub-optimal credit card agreement, with some incurring hundreds of dollars of avoidable interest costs. Several studies have shown that consumers are likely to spend more money when they pay by credit card. Researchers suggest that when people pay using credit cards, they do not experience the abstract pain of payment. Furthermore, researchers have found that using credit cards can increase consumption of unhealthy food. Merchants that accept credit cards must pay interchange fees and discount fees on all credit-card transactions. In some cases merchants are barred by their credit agreements\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901441\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cards in the hat\",\n \"text\": \"8 cards and attempts to throw, one at a time, a card into the hat. Each card landing in the hat gains one point for the player's team. After all of the players have taken their turns, then the first player returns to the oche again with 8 cards. This time the players throw two at a time into the hat, and each player follows to do the same, again with the points for each player being accumulated. After the pairs of cards all team members try to throw 4 cards at a time, and finally all 8 cards are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12145526\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"In the Cards\",\n \"text\": \"In the Cards \\\"In the Cards\\\" is the penultimate episode of the of \\\"\\\". This episode marks Michael Dorn's directorial debut. \\\"In the Cards\\\" was written by Truly Barr Clark, Scott Neal, and Ronald D. Moore, directed by Michael Dorn, and it was broadcast on television on June 9, 1997. This was an exceptionally popular time for the Star Trek franchise, and Michael Dorn's first time directing made national news including the Chicago Tribune. This episode has several guest stars including Louise Fletcher, Chase Masterson, Jeffrey Combs , Aron Eisenberg, and Brian Markinson. Mr. Dorn also plays the character Worf\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8289165\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"1958 by American Express which created a worldwide credit card network (although these were initially charge cards that later acquired credit card features). Until 1958, no one had been able to successfully establish a \\\"revolving credit\\\" financial system in which a card issued by a third-party bank was being generally accepted by a large number of merchants, as opposed to merchant-issued revolving cards accepted by only a few merchants. There had been a dozen attempts by small American banks, but none of them were able to last very long. In September 1958, Bank of America launched the \\\"BankAmericard\\\" in Fresno,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901399\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"What Were You Hoping For? What Were You Hoping For? is the third studio album by American recording artist Van Hunt, released September 27, 2011, on his independent label Godless Hotspot in a joint venture with distributor Thirty Tigers. It is the follow-up to Hunt's 2006 album \\\"On the Jungle Floor\\\" and follows a period of label conflict and mainstream obscurity for Hunt. Recording sessions for the album took place primarily at Santa Fe Tracking Station in Los Angeles, where Hunt applied a minimalist recording approach and worked with a backing band comprising drummer Ruth Price, percussionist Melissa Mattey, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116189\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit union\",\n \"text\": \"with a big bank. Credit unions differ from banks and other financial institutions in that those who have accounts in the credit union are its members and owners, and they elect their board of directors in a one-person-one-vote system regardless of their amount invested. Credit unions see themselves as different from mainstream banks, with a mission to be \\\"community-oriented\\\" and \\\"serve people, not profit\\\". Credit unions offer many of the same financial services as banks, but often use a different terminology. Typical services include share accounts (savings accounts), share draft accounts (checking accounts), credit cards, share term certificates (certificates of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1832725\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit Card Insider\",\n \"text\": \"Credit Card Insider Credit Card Insider is a privately held Syracuse, NY based consumer education company. The company provides reviews of credit cards, information about building credit, and tools to compare credit card products. Founded in 2012 by John Ganotis and Eric Adamowsky, the Credit Card Insider website launched in early 2013. The company is located in Syracuse, NY. The company works with different finance industry professionals, in the areas of personal finance, credit, and credit cards. Credit Card Insider editors provide insight based on in-depth research of all the credit cards reviewed by the company. Additionally, the editors publish\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715783\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"other credit cards, for which the customer may be current on payments, may also have their rates and credit limit changed. The universal default feature allows creditors to periodically check cardholders' credit portfolios to view trade, allowing these other institutions to decrease the credit limit or increase rates on cardholders who may be late with another credit card issuer. Being late on one credit card will potentially affect all the cardholder's credit cards. Citibank voluntarily stopped this practice in March 2007 and Chase stopped the practice in November 2007. The fact that credit card companies can change the interest rate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Consumer Credit Act 1974\",\n \"text\": \"does not restrict the time limit of use to less than three months. The agreement does not have to exceed three months, but the option to do so must be given by one party. Partially regulated agreements are those consumer hire or consumer credit agreements which are not an exempt agreement but are exempt from certain provisions of the Act. What these provisions are depends on the type of agreement; small agreements, non-commercial agreements and contracts with a foreign element. Small agreements are defined in Section 17 of the act as regulated consumer credit agreements where the credit does not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5606662\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Marquette National Bank of Minneapolis v. First of Omaha Service Corp.\",\n \"text\": \"it has been ever since. South Dakota lured a few more large credit operators, such as Wells Fargo, before corporation-friendly Delaware repealed its anti-usury laws as well. Several other states also repealed their interest-rate caps, more lenders entered the credit-card field and introduced newer products and by 1990 the amount of credit cards in use in the U.S. had more than doubled. Credit cards, once a loss leader for the banks that issued them, became a major profit center as banks aggressively marketed them to \\\"revolvers\\\", customers who carried large balances but rarely paid more than the monthly minimum, resulting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12372299\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Financial privacy laws in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"a subpoena, or a search warrant, financial institutions are obligated to disclose the requested financial information. With proof, financial institutions do not have to verify that all laws were followed before handing over information. The Song-Beverly Credit Card Act was passed in 1971 to protect consumer information in credit card transactions. Under the act, companies may not collect personally identifiable information from consumers who purchase goods or services using credit cards. Companies cannot set conditions in which consumers must consent to sharing their information in order to use their credit cards for a transaction. However, consumer information can be requested\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20972337\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"recorded basic tracks, and Hunt approached Peter Dyer to create a backing soundscape for the tracks. \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\" was later mixed by Melissa Mattey. Hunt has cited its minimalist recording process as his \\\"most hands off approach ... thus far on an album\\\", calling the approach \\\"musically adept but also stringently unique. People might describe it as futuristic.\\\" Expanding on his previous work's blend of R&B and rock music forms, \\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\" incorporates hard rock, lively funk, sparse ballads, and elements of soul, punk rock, and progressive rock. The music has a loose feel,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116204\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"What Were You Hoping For?\\\" received rave reviews from music critics, who praised its musical direction, Hunt's performance, and his songwriting. However, it received some backlash from Hunt's fanbase for its stylistic departure from his past work. The album produced one single, \\\"Eyes Like Pearls\\\", and performed modestly on music charts, reaching number 50 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Hunt promoted \\\"What You Were Hoping For?\\\" with a national tour that spanned September to October 2011, and featured session band members Ruth Price and Peter Dyer. In 2006, Hunt released his second album \\\"On the Jungle Floor\\\" to critical\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116191\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"exception are prepaid credit cards with an EMV chip. These cards do require a PIN if the payment is processed via Chip and PIN technology. After purchasing the card, the cardholder loads the account with any amount of money, up to the predetermined card limit and then uses the card to make purchases the same way as a typical credit card. Prepaid cards can be issued to minors (above 13) since there is no credit line involved. The main advantage over secured credit cards (see above section) is that the cardholder is not required to come up with $500 or\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901434\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit Card Insider\",\n \"text\": \"articles from experts on responsible credit practices. Credit Card Insider author John Ulzheimer is twice Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA) certified by the credit reporting industry’s trade association. He is also a credit blogger for Credit Sesame, Mint, and the National Foundation for Credit Counseling. Credit Card Insider reports the interest rates charged by various credit cards, the benefits they provide and recommend specific cards in major categories like student, small business, and secured. Ganotis has been interviewed by several major news publications including MarketWatch, Business Insider, and Kiplinger to provide insight on a variety of finance and credit card\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715784\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"a charge card also in that a credit card typically involves a third-party entity that pays the seller and is reimbursed by the buyer, whereas a charge card simply defers payment by the buyer until a later date. The size of most credit cards is 85.60 mm × 53.98 mm ( × inches) and rounded corners with a radius of 2.88–3.48 mm, conforming to the ISO/IEC 7810 ID-1 standard, the same size as ATM cards and other payment cards, such as debit cards. Credit cards have a printed or embossed bank card number complying with the ISO/IEC 7812 numbering standard.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901389\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit card\",\n \"text\": \"For this reason, many consumers have large cash balances, which have no grace period and incur interest at a rate that is (usually) higher than the purchase rate, and will carry those balances for years, even if they pay off their statement balance each month. Credit cards are a risky way for entrepreneurs to acquire capital for their start ups when more conventional financing is unavailable. Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner used personal credit cards to start Cisco Systems. Larry Page and Sergey Brin's start up of Google was financed by credit cards to buy the necessary computers and office\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11901487\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II)\",\n \"text\": \"at one time: 2,136<br> Fewest cards legal at one time: 509.<br> Most cards banned at one time: 12.<br> <br> <br> Most cards banned from a single set: 10.<br> Most Reprinted Card in Standard:<br> Card with the longest window of uninterrupted legality:<br> Most-duplicated single card in a single standard environment:<br> Timeline of Magic: the Gathering Standard (Type II) The collectible card game was first released in 1993 with very few restrictions on how players could construct their decks (which cards to include, and how many copies of each card were allowed). The game evolved over time, and different formats were developed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20211556\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Were You Hoping For?\",\n \"text\": \"the album with a 20-date national headlining tour, his first national tour since 2008. It began on September 19 at Webster Hall in New York City and concluded on October 13 at Yoshi's in San Francisco. He performed with members of his session band, drummer Ruth Price and keyboardist Peter Dyer, as well as guitarist Douglas Showalter. Prior to the tour, they had played at the 21st NAACP Theatre Awards gala on August 29. \\\"What You Were Hoping For?\\\" was met with rave reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16116220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Debit card\",\n \"text\": \"credit cards, such as free incentives (points, cashback etc. (the Tesco Bank debit card being one exception)), interest-free credit and protection against defaulting merchants under Section 75 of the Consumer Credit Act 1974. Almost all establishments in the United Kingdom that accept credit cards also accept debit cards, but a minority of merchants, for cost reasons, accept debit cards and not credit cards. It is the West Africa Economic and Monetary Union federating eight countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Guinée Bissau, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo. GIM-UEMOA is the regional switch féderating more than 120 members (banks, microfinances, electronic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"112381\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Credit\",\n \"text\": \"of immediate payment\\\". Common forms of consumer credit include credit cards, store cards, motor vehicle finance, personal loans (installment loans), consumer lines of credit, retail loans (retail installment loans) and mortgages. This is a broad definition of consumer credit and corresponds with the Bank of England's definition of \\\"Lending to individuals\\\". Given the size and nature of the mortgage market, many observers classify mortgage lending as a separate category of personal borrowing, and consequently residential mortgages are excluded from some definitions of consumer credit, such as the one adopted by the U.S. Federal Reserve. The cost of credit is the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4865159\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["eateries","cookshop","restuarant","restarant","resteraunt","piqueteadero","restaurant","restaraunt","restaurants","resturants","resturant","public food facility","eatery","theatre restaurant","resturaunt","restuarent","restauraunt","chef's table","resterant"],"string":"[\n \"eateries\",\n \"cookshop\",\n \"restuarant\",\n \"restarant\",\n \"resteraunt\",\n \"piqueteadero\",\n \"restaurant\",\n \"restaraunt\",\n \"restaurants\",\n \"resturants\",\n \"resturant\",\n \"public food facility\",\n \"eatery\",\n \"theatre restaurant\",\n \"resturaunt\",\n \"restuarent\",\n \"restauraunt\",\n \"chef's table\",\n \"resterant\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":85,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in which country was ursula andrews born?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Ursula Bagdasarjanz","text":"Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Schoeck: Violin Concerto in B-flat Major, Op. 21 (album: Ursula Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Ursula Bagdasarjanz on \"MusicWeb International, September 2013 Ursula Bagdasarjanz CD (Vol. 4) has been reviewed on MusicWeb International Ursula Bagdasarjanz featured in the \"Herrliberg calendar\" The Language of Passion. Ursula Bagdasarjanz and the Violin. Ursula Bagdasarjanz Ursula Bagdasarjanz (born 30 June 1934 in Winterthur) is a Swiss violinist. Ursula Bagdasarjanz was born in Winterthur, Switzerland, to a mother who was herself a violinist. The seeds of Ursula's musical talent were sown in the cradle, or, as she herself believes, were bestowed as a gift","psg_id":"13040618"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Bagdasarjanz\",\n \"text\": \"Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Schoeck: Violin Concerto in B-flat Major, Op. 21 (album: Ursula Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Ursula Bagdasarjanz on \\\"MusicWeb International, September 2013 Ursula Bagdasarjanz CD (Vol. 4) has been reviewed on MusicWeb International Ursula Bagdasarjanz featured in the \\\"Herrliberg calendar\\\" The Language of Passion. Ursula Bagdasarjanz and the Violin. Ursula Bagdasarjanz Ursula Bagdasarjanz (born 30 June 1934 in Winterthur) is a Swiss violinist. Ursula Bagdasarjanz was born in Winterthur, Switzerland, to a mother who was herself a violinist. The seeds of Ursula's musical talent were sown in the cradle, or, as she herself believes, were bestowed as a gift\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13040618\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Sherlock James Andrews","text":"Sherlock James Andrews Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880) lawyer and congressman. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut to Dr. John Andrews and Abigail Atwater. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1821 and studied law at Yale. He married Ursula McCurdy Allen on December 1, 1828 and settled in Cleveland, Ohio. He was an intricate part of the early development of Cleveland as the first president of the city council and the public library board. He advocated for and promoted the building of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railway. In 1840 he was elected","psg_id":"9917789"},{"title":"Sherlock James Andrews","text":"the Northern District of Ohio in 1867. Sherlock James Andrews Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880) lawyer and congressman. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut to Dr. John Andrews and Abigail Atwater. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1821 and studied law at Yale. He married Ursula McCurdy Allen on December 1, 1828 and settled in Cleveland, Ohio. He was an intricate part of the early development of Cleveland as the first president of the city council and the public library board. He advocated for and promoted the building of the Cleveland &","psg_id":"9917791"},{"title":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950)","text":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950) John Edward Andrews (born 3 February 1950) is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for York City in the Football League and he later worked as a referee. Andrews was born in York, North Yorkshire and played for Moor Lane Youth Club before joining hometown club York City in August 1968 as an amateur. Following an injury to goalkeeper Bob Widdowson, Andrews made his first team debut in a Fourth Division match against Rochdale on 5 April 1969, which was lost 2–1. He featured in all of York's remaining games","psg_id":"10691342"},{"title":"Ursula Bloom","text":"Ursula Bloom Ursula Bloom (1892–1984) was a British novelist. Born 11 December 1892 in Springfield, Chelmsford, Essex, Ursula Harvey Bloom was the daughter of the Reverend James Harvey Bloom, whom she wrote about in a biography entitled \"Parson Extraordinary\". She also wrote about her great-grandmother, Frances Graver (born 1809) who was of gypsy (Diddicoy) birth. Graver became known as \"The Rose of Norfolk\", (the title of the book by Ursula Bloom). Ursula Bloom lived for a number of years in Stratford-upon-Avon, which was the subject of her book, \"Rosemary for Stratford-upon-Avon\" She wrote her first book at the age of","psg_id":"11065113"},{"title":"Jessica Andrews","text":"Jessica Andrews Jessica Danielle Andrews (born December 29, 1983) is an American country music singer. At age 15 in mid-1999, she made her debut on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with the single \"I Will Be There for You\", from her debut album \"Heart Shaped World\", released in 1999 on DreamWorks Records Nashville. Andrews had her biggest chart success in 2001 with the song \"Who I Am\", a No. 1 country hit and the title track of her second studio album, which was certified gold in the United States. A third album, \"Now\"","psg_id":"4826755"},{"title":"Ursula Gauthier","text":"receives her or his Chinese visa) that foreign journalist face while trying to report on stories going on in China. The survey concluded that the treatment of Ursula Gauthier by the Chinese government, and the Chinese press, which resulted in death threats and personal attacks, were comparable to abuse. Ursula Gauthier Ursula Gauthier is a French journalist and sinologist. Gauthier was a reporter in China for \"L'Obs\". In December 2015, her visa was not renewed and she was forced to leave the country after she published an article about Uighurs in Xinjiang which Chinese government officials disapproved of. A Chinese","psg_id":"19245269"},{"title":"Ursula Mamlok","text":"Ursula Mamlok Ursula Mamlok (February 1, 1923 – May 4, 2016) was a German-born American composer and teacher. Mamlok was born as Ursula Meyer in Berlin, Germany, into a Jewish family, and studied piano and composition with Professor Gustav Ernest and Emily Weissgerber until her family fled Nazi Germany following the nationwide pogrom in 1938. Due to American immigration quotas, the family moved to Guayaquil, Ecuador. Ursula immigrated alone to New York City in 1940 to attend the Mannes School of Music, which had offered her full scholarship on the basis of one of her compositions. Her parents followed in","psg_id":"10175276"},{"title":"Ursula Gauthier","text":"Ursula Gauthier Ursula Gauthier is a French journalist and sinologist. Gauthier was a reporter in China for \"L'Obs\". In December 2015, her visa was not renewed and she was forced to leave the country after she published an article about Uighurs in Xinjiang which Chinese government officials disapproved of. A Chinese government Foreign Ministry spokesman suggested Gauthier's article \"openly supports terrorist activity, the killing of innocents and has outraged the Chinese public.\" Ursula Gauthier is a long time journalist that was working as a foreign correspondent for the French news organization L'Obs in China before she was expelled from the","psg_id":"19245262"},{"title":"Jessica Andrews","text":"and not released by her. In October 2010, Andrews became engaged to singer-songwriter Marcel. They were married on November 11, 2011. On September 30, 2017, Andrews announced that she was expecting a baby boy with her husband Marcel Chagnon. On February 6, 2018, Andrews gave birth to a son named Rockwell Francois Chagnon. Jessica Andrews Jessica Danielle Andrews (born December 29, 1983) is an American country music singer. At age 15 in mid-1999, she made her debut on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with the single \"I Will Be There for You\", from","psg_id":"4826767"},{"title":"Ursula Mattingly","text":"was reassigned from Sisters of Charity Hospital in 1855, after seven years at its helm. She died in 1874 at the age of 66. Ursula Mattingly Sister Ursula Mattingly, SC (23 October 1808 – 1874) was a Roman Catholic religious sister, nurse, and hospital administrator. A member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, she is best remembered for her role as foundress of Sisters of Charity Hospital in Buffalo, New York. She has been called \"one of the most successful and experienced hospital nurses in the country.\" Honora Mattingly was born in Maryland on 23 October","psg_id":"19431553"},{"title":"Ursula Rakova","text":"Ursula Rakova Ursula Rakova is an environmentalist and climate change activist from Papua New Guinea. In 2008 she was awarded the Pride of PNG award for her environmental contributions to the development of her country. As executive director of the not-for-profit organisation Tulele Peisa, she is responsible for organizing the relocation of the inhabitants of the Carteret Islands to the mainland of Bougainville Province. The islands are expected to be uninhabitable by 2040, rendering Rakova's people the world's first climate refugees. Rakova was born on the islet of Han in the Carteret Atoll. In 2005 she established a community schooling","psg_id":"20621270"},{"title":"Ursula Mattingly","text":"Ursula Mattingly Sister Ursula Mattingly, SC (23 October 1808 – 1874) was a Roman Catholic religious sister, nurse, and hospital administrator. A member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, she is best remembered for her role as foundress of Sisters of Charity Hospital in Buffalo, New York. She has been called \"one of the most successful and experienced hospital nurses in the country.\" Honora Mattingly was born in Maryland on 23 October 1808. She entered the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph (now known as the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul) on 10","psg_id":"19431542"},{"title":"Ursula Owen","text":"Ursula Owen Ursula Margaret Owen (born 21 January 1937) is an English publisher, editor and campaigner for free expression. She was born Ursula Margaret Sachs in Oxford, England, to Emma Boehm and Werner Sachs, a chemical engineer who became managing director of a multinational company dealing with non-ferrous metals. Her parents were German Jews, and Owen spent the first 18 months of her life in Berlin, after which the family was forced to leave Nazi Germany and came to London. Owen was educated at Putney High School and from there went to St Hugh's College, where she studied medicine and","psg_id":"13389970"},{"title":"Ursula Nordstrom","text":"Ursula Nordstrom Ursula Nordstrom (February 2, 1910 – October 11, 1988) was publisher and editor-in-chief of juvenile books at Harper & Row from 1940 to 1973. She is credited with presiding over a transformation in children's literature in which morality tales written for adult approval gave way to works that instead appealed to children's imaginations and emotions. She also authored the 1960 children's book \"The Secret Language\". A collection of her correspondence was published in 1998, as \"Dear Genius: the Letters of Ursula Nordstrom\". Ursula Nordstrom was born in Manhattan on February 2, 1910 to Henry E. Dixey and Marie","psg_id":"11530955"},{"title":"Ursula Johnson","text":"Ursula Johnson Ursula Johnson (born 1980) is a multidisciplinary Mi’kmaq artist based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Her work combines the Mi’kmaq tradition of basket weaving with sculpture, installation, and performance art. In all its manifestations her work operates as didactic intervention, seeking to both confront and educate her viewers about issues of identity, colonial history, tradition, and cultural practice. In 2017 she won the Sobey Art Award. Ursula A. Johnson was born in Sydney, Cape Breton, NS, in 1980. She was raised in Eskasoni First Nation, Cape Breton, which lays claim to be the largest Mi’kmaq community in the","psg_id":"17835003"},{"title":"Ursula Johnson","text":"to May 2009. Ursula Johnson Ursula Johnson (born 1980) is a multidisciplinary Mi’kmaq artist based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Her work combines the Mi’kmaq tradition of basket weaving with sculpture, installation, and performance art. In all its manifestations her work operates as didactic intervention, seeking to both confront and educate her viewers about issues of identity, colonial history, tradition, and cultural practice. In 2017 she won the Sobey Art Award. Ursula A. Johnson was born in Sydney, Cape Breton, NS, in 1980. She was raised in Eskasoni First Nation, Cape Breton, which lays claim to be the largest Mi’kmaq","psg_id":"17835011"},{"title":"Dana Andrews","text":"and \"Town Tamer\" (1965). However, he was cast increasingly in supporting roles: \"Berlin, Appointment for the Spies\" (1965), \"The Loved One\" (1965), \"Battle of the Bulge\" (1965), and \"Johnny Reno\" (1966). Andrews still played leads in low-budget films like \"The Frozen Dead\" (1966), \"The Cobra\" (1967) and \"Hot Rods to Hell\" (1967). By this time, Andrews had evolved into a character actor, as in \"The 1000 Carat Diamond\" (1967), \"No Diamonds for Ursula\" (1967), and \"The Devil's Brigade\" (1968). Later, Andrews returned to the leading role of college president Tom Boswell on the NBC daytime soap opera \"Bright Promise\" from","psg_id":"1387959"},{"title":"Ursula of Rosenfeld","text":"Ursula of Rosenfeld Ursula of Rosenfeld ( – 26 February 1538) was the second wife of Margrave Ernest of Baden-Durlach. All grand dukes of Baden descend from her, via her son Charles II. Ursula was born as the youngest child of Wolf of Rosenfeld (d. 1500) and his wife Anna Bombast of Hohenheim. They were considered lower nobility. Her father was \"Schultheiß\" of the town of Rosenfeld in Württemberg. According to legend, the family lived in the stately \"Ursula house\", which dates to the early 15th century. Ursula was a lady-in-waiting of Margravine Elisabeth of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, the first wife of","psg_id":"16298732"},{"title":"Ursula Merchant","text":"not only stunted the growth of modern performance art to a significant degree, but she may also not have lived to give birth to her daughter Katie Absolom (Born Katie Merchant), whose racist watercolours inspired Warhol's early works. Singer-songwriter Elliott Smith refers to Ursula Merchant. in his song \"Color Bars,\" which appears on his 2000 album \"Figure 8.\" Referenced from: Howell, L (1994), \"The Arbus Legacy\", Pan Biographies. Ursula Merchant Ursula Merchant (born September 10, 1932 in Rostock) is a German Las Vegas-based performance artist, conceptual artist, carpenter. She is probably best known for her series 'Forkin' Hell'. Merchant was","psg_id":"9877126"},{"title":"Ursula Karven","text":"film, directed by Thomas Nennstiel, the actress plays the role of Nina von der Heyden. Ursula Karven lived with her family for a few years in Florida and later lived on the island of Majorca, Spain. As well as acting, Karven markets her own line of baby products and a maternity clothing range called \"Bellybutton\". In 2010 moved from Mallorca to Berlin. She is the former wife of producer James Veres, who, in addition to Daniel, has two other two sons, Christopher (born in 1994) and Liam Taj (born in 2003). Ursula Karven Ursula Karven, previously Ursula Karven-Veres (born Ursula","psg_id":"7321726"},{"title":"Ursula Curtiss","text":"Ursula Curtiss Ursula Reilly Curtiss (April 8, 1923 — October 10, 1984) was an American writer of mystery novels. Ursula Kieran Reilly was born in Yonkers, New York, and raised in Westport, Connecticut, the daughter of Paul Reilly and Helen Kieran Reilly. Her mother was a mystery writer; so was her sister, Mary McMullen. Ursula Reilly's grandfather was James Michael Kieran, one-time president of Hunter College. Her uncle was journalist John Kieran. Ursula Reilly graduated from a Catholic girls' high school, Lauralton Hall in Milford, Connecticut. Books by Ursula Curtiss include \"Voice Out of Darkness\" (1948), \"The Second Sickle\" (1951),","psg_id":"20633738"},{"title":"Florence Andrews","text":"wins to finish in sixth place. Andrews died on 18 June 1996. Fencing Mid South awards the Florence Andrews Trophy annually to the winner of the junior girls' foil. Florence Andrews Mabel Florence Andrews (16 September 1912 – 18 June 1996) was a New Zealand fencer, who represented her country at the 1950 British Empire Games. Born on 16 September 1912, Andrews was the daughter of Florence Mabel Andrews (née Cross) and Lancelot William Dolling Andrews. A member of the Christchurch Swords Club, Andrews won the New Zealand national women's fencing championship in 1939 and 1946, the competition not being","psg_id":"20333868"},{"title":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950)","text":"of the 1968–69 season, making 11 appearances. He was not retained by the club after the end of the season.<ref name=\"York City : 1946/47 - 2003/04\"></ref> he was working as a referee in the York Football League. John Andrews (footballer, born 1950) John Edward Andrews (born 3 February 1950) is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for York City in the Football League and he later worked as a referee. Andrews was born in York, North Yorkshire and played for Moor Lane Youth Club before joining hometown club York City in August 1968 as an","psg_id":"10691343"},{"title":"Ursula Jeans","text":"Ursula Jeans Ursula Jeans (born 5 May 1906 – 21 April 1973) was an English film, stage, and television actress. Ursula Jeans was born in Simla, British India, to English parents, and brought up and educated in London. She was the youngest of three siblings. Her brother Desmond Jeans was a boxer and actor, and her elder sister, Isabel, was also an actress. Ursula Jeans made her stage debut in London in 1922, before joining the cast of the London production of \"The Play's the Thing\", an adaptation of Ferenc Molnár's play, \"The Play at the Castle\" by P. G.","psg_id":"7525383"},{"title":"Ursula Fischer","text":"she was no longer a candidate. Ursula Fischer Ursula Fischer (born Ursula Bätz; 6 September 1952) is a German former national politician (PDS). In 1990, as a result of East Germany's first (and as matters turned out last) free and democratic national election, she was elected of the country's national parliament (\"Volkskammer\"). Following reunification, she was of the German Upper legislative assembly (\"Bundestag\") between 1990 and 1994. She then pursued a career in regional politics before returning in 2004 to her earlier vocation as a physician. Ursula Bätz was born in Steinach in the East German Bezirk Suhl, a small","psg_id":"19691062"},{"title":"Ursula Fischer","text":"Ursula Fischer Ursula Fischer (born Ursula Bätz; 6 September 1952) is a German former national politician (PDS). In 1990, as a result of East Germany's first (and as matters turned out last) free and democratic national election, she was elected of the country's national parliament (\"Volkskammer\"). Following reunification, she was of the German Upper legislative assembly (\"Bundestag\") between 1990 and 1994. She then pursued a career in regional politics before returning in 2004 to her earlier vocation as a physician. Ursula Bätz was born in Steinach in the East German Bezirk Suhl, a small but long established town in the","psg_id":"19691056"},{"title":"Florence Andrews","text":"Florence Andrews Mabel Florence Andrews (16 September 1912 – 18 June 1996) was a New Zealand fencer, who represented her country at the 1950 British Empire Games. Born on 16 September 1912, Andrews was the daughter of Florence Mabel Andrews (née Cross) and Lancelot William Dolling Andrews. A member of the Christchurch Swords Club, Andrews won the New Zealand national women's fencing championship in 1939 and 1946, the competition not being held in the intervening years because of World War II. At the 1950 British Empire Games in Auckland, Andrews represented New Zealand in the individual women's foil, recording two","psg_id":"20333867"},{"title":"Ursula Masson","text":"which the human spirit can with dignity and grace face up to the worst trials. It is for us now to treasure the records she has left us of her own life and work, which are every bit as valiant and inspiring as those of the Welsh heroines she researched\" (Jane Aaron). Ursula Masson Ursula Masson (1945–2008), born Ursula O'Connor, was a Welsh academic and writer who worked closely with Jane Aaron and Honno Press/Gwasg Honno, the Welsh Women's Press, on the imprint Welsh Women's Classics – to bring back into print the works of forgotten Welsh women writers of","psg_id":"19271084"},{"title":"Ursula Masson","text":"Ursula Masson Ursula Masson (1945–2008), born Ursula O'Connor, was a Welsh academic and writer who worked closely with Jane Aaron and Honno Press/Gwasg Honno, the Welsh Women's Press, on the imprint Welsh Women's Classics – to bring back into print the works of forgotten Welsh women writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Ursula Masson was born into the Irish community of Merthyr Tydfil, whose history she researched for her master's degree. After university she worked as a journalist, at home in South Wales and in Australia, before returning to teach adults in Swansea. In 1994 she became a lecturer","psg_id":"19271079"},{"title":"Ursula Edgcumbe","text":"Ursula Edgcumbe Ursula Ulalia Edgcumbe (1900 - 8 February 1985) was a British sculptor and painter. As a sculptor she worked in stone, wood and bronze while, after switching to painting, many of her works depicted birds and groups of figures. Edgcumbe was born at Sandy in Bedfordshire where her father was the barrister and local politician Sir Robert Pearce-Edgcumbe (1851-1929). As a teenager, Ursula Edgcumbe worked in the studio of the sculptor James Havard Thomas before enrolling at the Slade School of Art, where Thomas also taught. Edgcumbe was at the Slade from 1916 until 1921 during which time","psg_id":"20882515"},{"title":"Ursula Reuter Christiansen","text":"and film, which mostly include ideas of marriage and close relationships. She was awarded an Eckersberg Medal in 2011. Ursula Reuter Christiansen has had many works of art displayed in various museums. Some of her most famous pieces include: Ursula Reuter Christiansen Ursula Reuter Christiansen (born February 13, 1943 in Trier, Germany) created work, whether it was painting or filmmaking, that showed examples of mythological symbolism. Ursula Reuter Christiansen studied literature at the Philipp University in Marburg, Germany. Beginning in 1965, she studied sculpture under Joseph Beuys at the Düsseldorf Academy of Fine Arts. After moving to Denmark with her","psg_id":"18396439"},{"title":"Ursula Ragwitz","text":"member of the Party Central Committee, which became of the leading role afforded the party under the Leninist structure built into the East German constitution placed her at the heart of the country's power apparatus. Since the demise of the German Democratic Republic Ursula Ragwitz has lived with her husband as a pensioner in Berlin. Ursula Ragwitz Ursula Ragwitz (born Ursula Rose: 15 February 1928) is a former senior official of the ruling East German Socialist Unity Party. She started her career as a primary school teacher, and rose to become a member of the powerful Party Central Committee between","psg_id":"19540110"},{"title":"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891)","text":"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891) Alfred \"Arthur\" Andrews (1 April 1891 – 24 September 1964) was an English professional footballer who played as a half back for Southampton in their final season in the Southern League in 1919–20. Andrews was born in Sunderland where he worked in the local shipyard before joining Blackpool in November 1913. He failed to break into Blackpool's first-team before League football was interrupted by the First World War. During the war, he moved to the south coast to work in the Southampton shipyard of Harland and Wolff, where he played in their works team in","psg_id":"16857898"},{"title":"Thea Andrews","text":"However, she appeared as a judge on the second season in the third episode, when the chefs were challenged to create dishes for a baby shower in honor of her and fellow judge Shereen Arazm. Andrews is the host of \"CMT's Next Superstar\", a reality competition series specializing in country music, which is produced by Nigel Lythgoe. Andrews hosted Top Chef Canada on a season where the contestants had to cook up horse meat dishes. This led to Facebook protests from various animal rights groups. Thea Andrews Thea Andrews (born October 4, 1973) is a Canadian journalist and TV personality","psg_id":"5121964"},{"title":"Ursula Ragwitz","text":"Ursula Ragwitz Ursula Ragwitz (born Ursula Rose: 15 February 1928) is a former senior official of the ruling East German Socialist Unity Party. She started her career as a primary school teacher, and rose to become a member of the powerful Party Central Committee between 1981 and 1989, undertaking various leadership roles in respect of the country's highly politicised culture sector. Ursula Rose was born in Cottbus, historically the cultural centre of Germany's Sorbian ethnic minority. Her father worked as a . Between 1942 and 1945 she studied to become a teacher of German and music at the teacher training","psg_id":"19540103"},{"title":"Ursula Curtiss","text":"side of the Atlantic as on ours.\" Ursula Reilly married John Curtiss Jr. in 1947; her husband survived the Bataan Death March. She wrote while raising their five children in Massachusetts, and after 1960 in New Mexico. Ursula Curtiss died from cancer in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1984, aged 61 years. Ursula Curtiss Ursula Reilly Curtiss (April 8, 1923 — October 10, 1984) was an American writer of mystery novels. Ursula Kieran Reilly was born in Yonkers, New York, and raised in Westport, Connecticut, the daughter of Paul Reilly and Helen Kieran Reilly. Her mother was a mystery writer; so","psg_id":"20633741"},{"title":"Ursula Hegi","text":"Ursula Hegi Ursula Hegi (born May 23, 1946) is a German-born American writer. She is currently an instructor in the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton. She was born Ursula Koch in 1946 in Düsseldorf, Germany, a city that was heavily bombed during World War II. Her perception growing up was that the war was avoided as a topic of discussion despite its evidence everywhere, and The Holocaust was a particularly taboo topic. This had a strong effect on her later writing and her feelings about her German identity. She left West Germany in 1964, at the age of 18.","psg_id":"5239634"},{"title":"Ursula Hegi","text":"Palm\". She has also had two \"New York Times\" Notable Book mentions. She has written many book reviews for \"The New York Times\", the \"Los Angeles Times\", and \"The Washington Post\". Ursula Hegi Ursula Hegi (born May 23, 1946) is a German-born American writer. She is currently an instructor in the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton. She was born Ursula Koch in 1946 in Düsseldorf, Germany, a city that was heavily bombed during World War II. Her perception growing up was that the war was avoided as a topic of discussion despite its evidence everywhere, and The Holocaust was","psg_id":"5239637"},{"title":"Sheila Andrews","text":"Sheila Andrews Sheila Marlene Andrews (April 10, 1953 – December 26, 1984) was an American country music singer. Signed to the Ovation label, she recorded three studio albums in her career and released several singles on the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs including \"It Don't Get Better Than This\", her highest charting single. Sheila Marlene Alldredge was born in Athens, Alabama in 1953 to James and Willie Alldredge. She had two brothers named Frank and Michael. Andrews’ father traveled to Ohio from Alabama to work in rubber plants and was a truck driver when he worked in Alabama. Eventually the family","psg_id":"17030276"},{"title":"Ursula Bloom","text":"Bloom married twice. Her first husband was Arthur Brownlow Denham-Cookes, whom she married in 1916 and with whom she had a son, Pip, born in 1917. Arthur died of influenza in 1918, in the final days of the war. In 1925 she married Charles Gower Robinson, a Royal Navy Commander. Ursula Bloom Ursula Bloom (1892–1984) was a British novelist. Born 11 December 1892 in Springfield, Chelmsford, Essex, Ursula Harvey Bloom was the daughter of the Reverend James Harvey Bloom, whom she wrote about in a biography entitled \"Parson Extraordinary\". She also wrote about her great-grandmother, Frances Graver (born 1809) who","psg_id":"11065115"},{"title":"Ursula Karven","text":"Ursula Karven Ursula Karven, previously Ursula Karven-Veres (born Ursula Ganzenmüller 17 September 1964 in Ulm) is a German actress, writer, model and yoga istructor. Karven has acted in numerous German television films and series. On June 16, 2001, Karven made international headlines when her four-year-old son, Daniel, drowned at a birthday party in the swimming pool of American musician Tommy Lee in Santa Monica. She was married to James Veres and has two other children. Karven began practicing yoga when she was 30 and has published several books and DVDs promoting and demonstrating yoga-based exercises. Ursula Ganzenmüller, later known by","psg_id":"7321723"},{"title":"Jill Andrews","text":"Inside.\" The album was produced by Will Sayles. The track \"I'm So In Love With You\" features Seth Avett of The Avett Brothers. Jill Andrews Jill Andrews is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, Tennessee. She was a co-founder of indie folk/alt-country band The Everybodyfields, leaving in 2009 to pursue a solo career. Andrews began writing songs when she was 19 years old. Born in Johnson City, Tennessee, she is an alumna of East Tennessee State University. Andrews was formerly married to talent manager Clinton Darrah, with whom she has a son, Nico. Songs by Andrews have been featured in","psg_id":"20360529"},{"title":"Jill Andrews","text":"Jill Andrews Jill Andrews is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, Tennessee. She was a co-founder of indie folk/alt-country band The Everybodyfields, leaving in 2009 to pursue a solo career. Andrews began writing songs when she was 19 years old. Born in Johnson City, Tennessee, she is an alumna of East Tennessee State University. Andrews was formerly married to talent manager Clinton Darrah, with whom she has a son, Nico. Songs by Andrews have been featured in several television series, among them: \"Tell That Devil\", cowritten with Emery Dobyns and Matthew Mayfield, was performed by Hayden Panettiere in \"Nashville\" and","psg_id":"20360526"},{"title":"Ursula Ratasepp","text":"is actor Tõnu Oja, and her brother-in-law is actor Pääru Oja. Ursula Ratasepp Ursula Ratasepp (born 17 June 1982) is an Estonian stage, film and television actress. Ursula Ratasepp was born in Tallinn in 1982. She is the older sister of actress Katariina Ratasepp (born 1986). She studied drama at the Vanalinnastuudio until 2001, then studied psychology at the University of Tartu until 2002. She then enrolled at the EMA Higher Drama School (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre) in Tallinn, graduating in 2006. In 2014, she received her bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Tartu.","psg_id":"19984563"},{"title":"Ursula Ratasepp","text":"Ursula Ratasepp Ursula Ratasepp (born 17 June 1982) is an Estonian stage, film and television actress. Ursula Ratasepp was born in Tallinn in 1982. She is the older sister of actress Katariina Ratasepp (born 1986). She studied drama at the Vanalinnastuudio until 2001, then studied psychology at the University of Tartu until 2002. She then enrolled at the EMA Higher Drama School (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre) in Tallinn, graduating in 2006. In 2014, she received her bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Tartu. Following her graduation from the EMA Higher Drama School in 2006,","psg_id":"19984558"},{"title":"Ursula Jeans","text":"of Australia and New Zealand in 1956–1958. She continued to act into the 1970s and died of cancer in 1973, aged 66, some 18 months after her diagnosis. She shares a memorial plaque with her husband Roger in the actors' church St Paul's, Covent Garden. Ursula Jeans Ursula Jeans (born 5 May 1906 – 21 April 1973) was an English film, stage, and television actress. Ursula Jeans was born in Simla, British India, to English parents, and brought up and educated in London. She was the youngest of three siblings. Her brother Desmond Jeans was a boxer and actor, and","psg_id":"7525385"},{"title":"Ursula Holden","text":"Ursula Holden Ursula Holden (born 8 August 1921) is an English novelist, author of thirteen novels often inspired by her time spent in Ireland. Her first novel, \"Endless Race\", was published when she was 54. Ursula Holden was born 8 August 1921, in Bridport, Dorset, fourth daughter of five children of Una and Andrew Holden. Her father worked abroad, mostly in Egypt and Holden was educated at home by a governess before going to high school, aged 11, and then to board at St Michael's School, Bognor Regis, at the age of 15. After World War II, Holden went to","psg_id":"15984533"},{"title":"Ursula Meyer","text":"Ursula Meyer Ursula Meyer (1915–2003) was a German-born American artist and a professor of sculpture. Ursula Meyer was born in Hanover, Germany in 1915. She studied ceramics at the Reggia Scuola in Faenza, Italy. Meyer became a professor of sculpture at the City University of New York in New York City in 1963, and she would remain at CUNY's Lehman College until her retirement in 1980. She wrote a number of articles and reviews in newspapers and art magazines in the United States. Her perspective on minimalist art was one of many recognized voices in the art world of the","psg_id":"17835052"},{"title":"Ursula Frayne","text":"Ursula Frayne Ursula Frayne (5 October 1816 – 9 June 1885), born Clara Frayne, was an Irish nun who became a Mother Superior of the Sisters of Mercy and spent her life in missionary work, initially in Canada but largely in Australia developing schools and academies. Clara Frayne was born to a wealthy businessman Robert Frayne, and his wife, Bridget, in Dublin, Ireland. She entered Baggot street with Catherine McCauley the then recently formed Institute of Mercy in Dublin in 1834 and took Ursula in place of her baptismal name. She was appointed Mother Superior in 1842, taking charge of","psg_id":"16417439"},{"title":"Ursula Merkin","text":"Ursula Merkin Ursula Merkin (1919–2006) was a German-born American philanthropist. She was born in Frankfurt, Germany to Isaac Breuer, a noted German Rabbi, as Ursula (Sara) Breuer. In 1933, at the age of fourteen, she left Germany with her family for Palestine. She remained there with her father, to whom she was very close, until his death in Jerusalem in 1946, at the age of 63. Shortly thereafter, she emigrated to the United States, where she found a teaching position at a Jewish girls' school in Paterson, New Jersey. In 1950 she met and married Hermann Merkin, a German-Jewish businessman,","psg_id":"11726427"},{"title":"Ursula Bright","text":"Ursula was not a Theosophist but she did give Annie Besant, who was a friend of her daughter, £3,000 towards their cause. Bright died at her home in Kensington in 1915 where she had suffered from osteoarthritis for some time. Her biographer Elizabeth Crawford notes that her obituaries hardly mentioned her campaigning work because her osteoarthritis had prevented her from involvement with the women's suffrage movement. Ursula Bright Ursula Mellor Bright or Ursula Mellor (5 July 1835 – 5 March 1915) was a British activist for married women's property rights. Bright was born in 1835 to Joseph and ??? Mellor.","psg_id":"20239924"},{"title":"Ursula Orange","text":"Ursula Orange Ursula Orange (1909–1955) was a mid 20th century British novelist who is known for focusing her books on the domestic lives and career aspirations of young women. Little has been written about Ursula Orange's life. She was born Ursula Marguerite Dorothea Orange in 1909, the daughter of Hugh William Orange, who received a knighthood for contributions to education in India. Her paternal grandfather was the medical pioneer William Orange CB, MD, FRCP, LSA, second superintendent of Broadmoor Hospital. She married a man named Dennis Tindall with whom she had a daughter, the writer Gillian Tindall. She was for","psg_id":"19381329"},{"title":"Ursula Mamlok","text":"was chosen to represent the United States at the International Rostrum of Composers. Mamlok also received a Commendation of Excellence in 1987 \"for her contribution to the world of concert music.\" The C. F. Peters Corporation, American Composers Edition, McGuinness and Marx, Casia Publishing, and Hildegard Publishing companies have published Mamlok's compositions. She made the scores of many of her works available herself. In 2006, Mamlock moved to Berlin, where she died on May 4, 2016. Ursula Mamlok Ursula Mamlok (February 1, 1923 – May 4, 2016) was a German-born American composer and teacher. Mamlok was born as Ursula Meyer","psg_id":"10175280"},{"title":"Ursula Goetze","text":"Ursula Goetze Ursula Goetze (29 March 1916 – 5 August 1943) was a Berlin student who participated in political opposition to the Nazi government in Germany. In May 1942, following involvement in a leafleting campaign, she was arrested and, some time later, sentenced to death. She died by decapitation with a guillotine. Ursula Goetze was her parents' third recorded child, born into a middle-class family. Her father, Otto Goetze, ran a wallpaper factory. Later, her parents became hoteliers when Otto and Margarete Goetze took over the \"Thüringer Hof\" (hotel) in Berlin's (\" Street\"). Between 1922 and 1933 Ursula attended school","psg_id":"19491385"},{"title":"Ursula Meyer","text":"1960s. Meyer authored the book \"Conceptual Art\" published by E.P. Dutton in 1972. After her death, she received a retrospective exhibit at the Art Gallery of The Graduate Center of The City University of New York. Meyer's sculpture has been described as focused on the interplay of transiency and stability, flexible and transcendent of size and shape, and deeply aware of the historical and political dimensions of the monumental. Ursula Meyer Ursula Meyer (1915–2003) was a German-born American artist and a professor of sculpture. Ursula Meyer was born in Hanover, Germany in 1915. She studied ceramics at the Reggia Scuola","psg_id":"17835053"},{"title":"Ursula Tyrwhitt","text":"and Ida Nettleship (his first wife) held by the Yale Center for British Art in the Paul Mellon Collection. The Ashmolean Museum held a retrospective exhibition in 1973 entitled \"Ursula Tyrwhitt, Oxford painter and collector 1872-1966\". Tyrwhitt married her cousin, the artist Walter Tyrwhitt (1859-1932). She lived in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife and also Oxford, where she died in 1966. Ursula Tyrwhitt Ursula Tyrwhitt (1872–1966) was a painter and draughtsman who exhibited with the New English Art Club and became a member in 1913. Ursula Tyrwhitt was born in Nazeing, Essex. She studied at the Slade School of Fine","psg_id":"20465997"},{"title":"Ursula Günther","text":"in an issue with the five-act French original version and also with the four-act Italian version. She published widely, becoming one of the most influential musicologists of the twentieth century. Ursula Günther Ursula Günther (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. Ursula Günther was born Ursula Rösse in Hamburg. After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied","psg_id":"17928239"},{"title":"Ursula Günther","text":"Ursula Günther Ursula Günther (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. Ursula Günther was born Ursula Rösse in Hamburg. After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied music with Heinrich Husmann at the University of Hamburg along with other subjects such as art history, German and Romance Literature, philosophy, psychology, and phonetics. In 1957 at Hamburg she","psg_id":"17928234"},{"title":"Ursula Bethell","text":"'very earnestly digging', raised her head to look at the mountains.\" All Bethell's work appeared anonymously, although in old age she became less keen to remain anonymous. She said her pseudonym, Evelyn Hayes, came from a great-great-grandfather, Sir Henry Hayes of Cork, who was \"deported for life to Botany Bay for attempted abduction of a Quaker heiress.\" Ursula Bethell died in Christchurch on 15 January 1945. Ursula Bethell Mary Ursula Bethell, usually known as Ursula Bethell (6 October 1874 – 15 January 1945), was a New Zealand social worker and poet. Born in Horsell, Surrey, England, she arrived in New","psg_id":"16287729"},{"title":"Ursula Hoff","text":"completed her primary and secondary education. In 1930, Ursula Hoff commenced academic studies spread between the universities of Frankfurt, Cologne, and Munich; later the same year, she commenced studies at the University of Hamburg; among her teachers were Erwin Panofsky, Aby Warburg, Ernst Cassirer, and Fritz Saxl. Upon Adolf Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany and the introduction of anti-Jewish measures in January 1930, Ursula Hoff's father, Leopold Hoff, left immediately for London; Ursula and her mother Tussi followed him shortly in July. Because she was born in England, Ursula was able to take up British citizenship, and due to","psg_id":"14089696"},{"title":"Ursula Martinez","text":"Festival. Another popular cabaret segment is called \"Light My Fire\" in which the pasties and G-string Martinez wears burst into flame, one by one, and disappear. Describing her work in \"The Guardian\", Lyn Gardner wrote, 'Martinez's stage performances look deceptively simple; they may seem to bumble along, but this is a contrivance that allows Martinez to undertake highly complex investigations into reality and fiction, autobiography and lies, and the nature of identity itself, her own most of all.' Ursula Martinez Ursula Martinez also known as Ursula Lea (born 1966) is a London-based Anglo-Spanish British writer, performer, and cult cabaret diva","psg_id":"8674614"},{"title":"Ursula Vernon","text":"Best Novelette. Ursula Vernon Ursula Vernon (born May 28, 1977) is an American freelance writer, artist and illustrator. She is best known for her Hugo Award-winning graphic novel \"Digger\" (2003–2011) and for the children's books \"Dragonbreath\" and \"Nurk: The Strange, Surprising Adventures of a (Somewhat) Brave Shrew\". Vernon is the creator of \"Hamster Princess\", \"The Biting Pear of Salamanca\", a digital work of art which became an internet meme in the form of the \"LOL WUT pear\". Under the name \"T. Kingfisher\", she is also the author of several books for older audiences. Ursula Vernon grew up in Oregon and","psg_id":"6949519"},{"title":"Ursula Vernon","text":"Ursula Vernon Ursula Vernon (born May 28, 1977) is an American freelance writer, artist and illustrator. She is best known for her Hugo Award-winning graphic novel \"Digger\" (2003–2011) and for the children's books \"Dragonbreath\" and \"Nurk: The Strange, Surprising Adventures of a (Somewhat) Brave Shrew\". Vernon is the creator of \"Hamster Princess\", \"The Biting Pear of Salamanca\", a digital work of art which became an internet meme in the form of the \"LOL WUT pear\". Under the name \"T. Kingfisher\", she is also the author of several books for older audiences. Ursula Vernon grew up in Oregon and Arizona and","psg_id":"6949513"},{"title":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978)","text":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978) John Andrews (born 27 September 1978) is a Uefa A licensed coach, an Irish former footballer and high-profile Strength and Conditioning coach. He is also a college graduate and a former musician, journalist and radio DJ. He is former coach of the women's team at Icelandic club Afturelding, with whom he spent five seasons as a player between 2008 and 2012. Andrews made appearances in the Football League for Mansfield Town and also spent time in English non-League football. Between 2002 and 2004, he had spells in his native Ireland with both Cobh Ramblers and","psg_id":"16635469"},{"title":"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989)","text":"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989) Scott Andrews (born 1 August 1989) is a Welsh international rugby union player for Pro14 side Cardiff Blues. He plays mainly as a prop, but can also cover lock and hooker. In September 2017, English side Bath announced that they had signed Andrews on a one-month loan deal. In May 2010 he was added to the Wales national rugby union team standby list for the summer matches due to injury to Gethin Jenkins. In January 2011 he was named the Wales squad for the 2011 Six Nations Championship. He was named in the preliminary","psg_id":"14603124"},{"title":"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978)","text":"him through to the end of the 2013 campaign. On 21 September 2012, Andrews signed a new two-year contract with Afturelding after leading the team to a seventh-placed finish in the Úrvalsdeild kvenna that summer. John Andrews (footballer, born 1978) John Andrews (born 27 September 1978) is a Uefa A licensed coach, an Irish former footballer and high-profile Strength and Conditioning coach. He is also a college graduate and a former musician, journalist and radio DJ. He is former coach of the women's team at Icelandic club Afturelding, with whom he spent five seasons as a player between 2008 and","psg_id":"16635479"},{"title":"Ursula de Jesus","text":"\"good death\" and stated that Ursula de Jesus indeed entered Heaven by preparing her will, disposing of worldly possessions, confessed her sins, and received extreme unction. Ursula de Jesus Ursula de Jesus (1604–1668) She was born in Lima, Peru and was the legitimate daughter of Juan Castilla and Isabel de los Rios. Isabel de los Rios was a slave leaving Ursula to inherit her mother's status. Ursula de Jesus was an African-Peruvian who rose out of slavery who became a donada (religious servant) in the [Roman Catholic Church]. She lived under her mother’s owner, Gerònima De Los Rios, until she","psg_id":"12213978"},{"title":"Ursula O'Farrell","text":"Ursula O'Farrell Ursula O'Farrell, née Cussen (born 1934 in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland), is an Irish author and lecturer on the topic of counselling, and has worked for over 35 years as a counsellor. Born in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland, in 1934, and daughter of local solicitors, Robert and Kathleen Cussen, Ursula O'Farrell was educated in Laurel Hill School in Limerick, and subsequently in University College Dublin where she achieved a B.A (1956) and a Dip in Psychology (1981). She is one of the founding members of the Irish Association for Counselling in 1981, along with Odette Thompson","psg_id":"20085704"},{"title":"Ursula O'Farrell","text":"some fascinating case studies. Recipient of the Carl Berkeley Memorial Award in 2011 This annual award is made to those who have made an outstanding contribution to the development of counselling and psychotherapy in Ireland. Ursula O'Farrell Ursula O'Farrell, née Cussen (born 1934 in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland), is an Irish author and lecturer on the topic of counselling, and has worked for over 35 years as a counsellor. Born in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland, in 1934, and daughter of local solicitors, Robert and Kathleen Cussen, Ursula O'Farrell was educated in Laurel Hill School in Limerick, and subsequently","psg_id":"20085708"},{"title":"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891)","text":"when he was attempting a rash challenge after 12 minutes, resulting in a broken leg. 20-year-old Bert Shelley replaced him for the next match and became a Saints' stalwart, making nearly 450 appearances over the next 12 years before becoming first-team trainer. Andrews was released by Southampton in May 1920 and returned to work in the shipyards. He played part-time football in the Hampshire League with Cowes and Lymington. Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891) Alfred \"Arthur\" Andrews (1 April 1891 – 24 September 1964) was an English professional footballer who played as a half back for Southampton in their final","psg_id":"16857900"},{"title":"Ursula Wolff Schneider","text":"Wolff Schneider: Ursula Wolff Schneider Ursula Flora Schneider (Wolff) (popularly known as Ursula Wolff Schneider) (August 14, 1906 - August, 1977) was a German photographer and photojournalist. Her photographs of the pre-World War II period are a significant record of the society and culture of Weimar Germany, and they serve as an important example of early photojournalism. Ursula Wolff was born in Berlin, Germany, and is the daughter of renowned Sanskrit scholar Dr. Fritz Wolff and Minna Wolff. She was married to German architect Karl Schneider (). In the mid-to-late 1920s, Ursula Wolff spent two years in Berlin, Vienna, and","psg_id":"20646267"},{"title":"Ursula Wolff Schneider","text":"Ursula Wolff Schneider Ursula Flora Schneider (Wolff) (popularly known as Ursula Wolff Schneider) (August 14, 1906 - August, 1977) was a German photographer and photojournalist. Her photographs of the pre-World War II period are a significant record of the society and culture of Weimar Germany, and they serve as an important example of early photojournalism. Ursula Wolff was born in Berlin, Germany, and is the daughter of renowned Sanskrit scholar Dr. Fritz Wolff and Minna Wolff. She was married to German architect Karl Schneider (). In the mid-to-late 1920s, Ursula Wolff spent two years in Berlin, Vienna, and Hamburg working","psg_id":"20646265"},{"title":"Ursula Owen","text":"the board of the \"New Statesman\" and the committee of the Royal Literary Fund. She has lived in Egypt, Lebanon and the United States. Owen is the editor of \"Fathers: Reflections by Daughters\" (Virago, 1983) and \"Whose Cities\" (with Mark Fisher), published by Penguin in 1991. Owen has one daughter and four granddaughters. Ursula Owen Ursula Margaret Owen (born 21 January 1937) is an English publisher, editor and campaigner for free expression. She was born Ursula Margaret Sachs in Oxford, England, to Emma Boehm and Werner Sachs, a chemical engineer who became managing director of a multinational company dealing with","psg_id":"13389974"},{"title":"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989)","text":"squad for the 2011 Rugby World Cup but was ultimately left out of the final squad. He made his full international debut for Wales versus the Barbarians on 4 June 2011 as a second-half replacement. Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989) Scott Andrews (born 1 August 1989) is a Welsh international rugby union player for Pro14 side Cardiff Blues. He plays mainly as a prop, but can also cover lock and hooker. In September 2017, English side Bath announced that they had signed Andrews on a one-month loan deal. In May 2010 he was added to the Wales national rugby","psg_id":"14603125"},{"title":"Ursula Hoff","text":"Ursula Hoff Ursula Hoff (26 December 1909 in London, UK – 10 January 2005 in Melbourne) – Australian scholar, academic, curator, writer, critic, and lecturer; Deputy Director of the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne (1968–1973); London Adviser of the Felton Bequest (1975–83); author of numerous books, catalogues, articles, reviews, and scholarly publications on art. Ursula Hoff was born on 26 December 1909 in London to Hans Leopold Hoff, Hamburg-based German Jewish merchant, and his wife, née Thusnelde Margarethe (Tussi) Bulcke, of a German Lutheran upper-middle-class family. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Hamburg, where Ursula grew up and","psg_id":"14089695"},{"title":"Slim Andrews","text":"He currently performs between 75 and 100 shows a year. 2005 \"Favorites For A Lifetime\"<br> 2006 \"Simply Slim With Harry\"<br> 2008 \"Through The Years\"—Slim Andrews and The Cumberland Valley Revue<br> 2009 \"Slim Andrews and His Alvarez\"<br> 2011 \"Slim Andrews Sings Irish\" Slim Andrews Slim Andrews, born Leonard Andrews Huntington, Jr. on June 14, 1931, is a Maine country music artist with seven decades of performing at the local and regional levels. He began his music career in 1942 at the age of eleven when he won a talent contest at the Community Theater in New Auburn, ME. He got his","psg_id":"20451761"},{"title":"Ursula Hayden","text":"Ursula and Angelina’s wrestling personas. Hayden was married to a man named Hans Gieseler for 3 years and then they later divorced. They have one child together, daughter Alaska Renee Gieseler (born October 1, 2000) Television Films Ursula Hayden Ursula Hayden (born Ursa Bamby Hayden; March 8, 1966) is an American professional wrestler, actress, and business woman. She is best known for her character Babe the Farmer's Daughter on the 1980s television show \"Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling\" (also known as \"GLOW\") and being the owner of the company since 2001. She is also a series consultant on the Netflix GLOW","psg_id":"20502778"},{"title":"Isabel Ursula Teshea","text":"Isabel Ursula Teshea Isabel Ursula Teshea, TC (24 July 1911–14 April 1981) was an Afro-Trinidadian social worker, human rights activist, and politician. One of the founders of the People's National Movement, she served as vice chair of the party and was the first woman to hold the office. When Trinidad and Tobago gained its independence from Britain, she ran as a candidate, becoming the first woman elected in the newly established House of Representatives. She became the first woman cabinet Minister and later ambassador for the country. Posthumously, she was awarded the Trinity Cross, the highest honor of the country.","psg_id":"20571985"},{"title":"Ursula Buchfellner","text":"Ursula Buchfellner Ursula Buchfellner (born 8 June 1961) is a German model and actress. She was \"Playboy\" magazine's Playmate of the Month for its October 1979 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Peter Weissbrich. Buchfellner also was the Playmate for the December 1977 issue of \"Playboy's\" German edition, being only 16 at the time when the photos were taken (she was 17 in relation to the edition in which her photos were published). In November 1985 she became the first Playmate to go on to appear in \"Penthouse\" magazine. International acting and modeling careers followed Buchfellner's \"Playboy\" appearance. She was","psg_id":"7464105"},{"title":"Ursula Kathleen Hicks","text":"Ursula Kathleen Hicks Ursula Kathleen Webb Hicks (1896–1985) was an Irish-born economist and academic. She was daughter of William and Isabella Webb, born in Dublin on 17 September 1896. She was educated at Roedean and Somerville College, University of Oxford. Her post-graduate study was at the London School of Economics where she was a lecturer. She married fellow academic Sir John Hicks. Ursula Hicks was a renowned public finance and development economist. Hicks was also one of the founders of the Review of Economic Studies and Managing Editor there from 1933 to 1961. She was a fellow of Linacre College,","psg_id":"12966024"},{"title":"Louise Andrews Kent","text":"She was very athletic and participated in tennis, shooting, swimming, riding, and golfing. In fact, Edgerly won the first women's golf tournament to ever be played in the United States. The tournament took place at a Brookline country club. Edgerly died in 1899 of influenza when Louise Andrews Kent was just 13 years old. Books authored by Louise Andrews Kent include: Louise Andrews Kent Louise Andrews Kent (May 25, 1886 – August 6, 1969) was an American author. She was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1886 and graduated from Simmons College School of Library Science in 1909, where she was","psg_id":"13919988"},{"title":"Ursula de Jesus","text":"Ursula de Jesus Ursula de Jesus (1604–1668) She was born in Lima, Peru and was the legitimate daughter of Juan Castilla and Isabel de los Rios. Isabel de los Rios was a slave leaving Ursula to inherit her mother's status. Ursula de Jesus was an African-Peruvian who rose out of slavery who became a donada (religious servant) in the [Roman Catholic Church]. She lived under her mother’s owner, Gerònima De Los Rios, until she was roughly eight years old. The daughter of slaves was her first experience with mysticism when she became the property of Luisa de Melgarejo Sotomayor, a","psg_id":"12213971"},{"title":"Ursula Haverbeck","text":"Ursula Haverbeck Ursula Hedwig Meta Haverbeck-Wetzel (born 8 November 1928) is a German author from Vlotho, Germany. Since 2004, she has also been the subject of lawsuits due to her Holocaust denial which in Germany is a criminal offense. Her husband was , who during the Nazi period was temporarily engaged in the national leadership of the Nazi Party, founder and director in 1933 of the German , as well as writer and publisher, historian, folklorist and parson of The Christian Community. From 1982 he was also on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Ecological-Democratic Party (ÖDP) and party member.","psg_id":"18792112"},{"title":"Ursula van Beckum","text":"Ursula van Beckum Ursula van Beckum née Ursula von Werdum (before 1520 – 13 November 1544) was a Dutch Anabaptist noblewoman who was burned at the stake for heresy in Delden, the Netherlands. She was born as the daughter of Ulrich von Werdum (d. 1530) and Armgard von Fikensolt. On 12 June 1538 she married Johan Hendrik van Beckum and went to live with him in Nijenhuis, his castle in Diepenheim. Her sister-in-law Maria van Beckum became a follower of David Joris and was sent out of her house by her stepmother as an Anabaptist. She fled to Ursula who","psg_id":"14996926"},{"title":"Sarah Shepherd Andrews","text":"Sarah Shepherd Andrews Sarah Shepherd Andrews (November 26, 1893 – September 16, 1961) was an American missionary, who served in Japan from 1916 until her death in 1961. She was a key figure in bringing Christianity into the country. Andrews was born in Dickson, Tennessee. The work of J.M. McCaleb influenced her to work in Japan where she later created around eight Japanese congregations. Sometime after she was baptized at age 14, she wrote to McCaleb about coming to Japan and he gave her advice what schooling and training she would need to be successful. Andrews graduated from Dickson College,","psg_id":"20135139"},{"title":"Ursula Rucker","text":"Ursula Rucker Ursula Rucker is an American spoken word recording artist. Rucker is known for a diverse repertoire, and for utilizing techniques that catch her listeners' attention. Rucker was born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she was a graduate of Temple University’s journalism program. She is of African-American and Italian descent. Rucker had been writing poetry since adolescence but kept her writings to herself until she read poetry in 1994, at Philadelphia’s Zanzibar Blue, which is credited as her debut. That same year, Rucker was invited to collaborate with numerous recording artists, and producers including Wax Tailor, King Britt,","psg_id":"4698107"},{"title":"Ursula Krone-Appuhn","text":"Ursula Krone-Appuhn Ursula Krone-Appuhn (25 September 1936 - 17 December 1988) was a German politician (CDU, CSU). Despite being born in the central region that became, in October 1949, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), her adult life and political career were conducted in West Germany where she served as a member of parliament (\"\"Bundestag Mitglied\"\") between 1976 and 1987. She took a particular interest in defence, and was a member of the parliamentary defence committee. Ursula Appuhn was born at Nordhausen, a small manufacturing town to the north of Erfurt. Passing the Abitur (school final exam) opened the way","psg_id":"20357346"},{"title":"Ursula Mancusi Ungaro","text":"ruled that an order issued by Florida Governor Rick Scott to randomly drug test 80,000 Florida state workers was unconstitutional. Ungaro found that Scott had not demonstrated that there was a compelling reason for the tests and that, as a result, they were an unreasonable search in violation of the Constitution. Ursula Mancusi Ungaro Ursula Mancusi Ungaro (born January 29, 1951; formerly known as Ursula Ungaro-Benages) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. Ungaro was born in 1951 in Miami Beach, Florida. She graduated from the University of Miami","psg_id":"10782410"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Sherlock James Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Sherlock James Andrews Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880) lawyer and congressman. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut to Dr. John Andrews and Abigail Atwater. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1821 and studied law at Yale. He married Ursula McCurdy Allen on December 1, 1828 and settled in Cleveland, Ohio. He was an intricate part of the early development of Cleveland as the first president of the city council and the public library board. He advocated for and promoted the building of the Cleveland & Pittsburgh Railway. In 1840 he was elected\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9917789\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sherlock James Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"the Northern District of Ohio in 1867. Sherlock James Andrews Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880) lawyer and congressman. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut to Dr. John Andrews and Abigail Atwater. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1821 and studied law at Yale. He married Ursula McCurdy Allen on December 1, 1828 and settled in Cleveland, Ohio. He was an intricate part of the early development of Cleveland as the first president of the city council and the public library board. He advocated for and promoted the building of the Cleveland &\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9917791\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950)\",\n \"text\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950) John Edward Andrews (born 3 February 1950) is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for York City in the Football League and he later worked as a referee. Andrews was born in York, North Yorkshire and played for Moor Lane Youth Club before joining hometown club York City in August 1968 as an amateur. Following an injury to goalkeeper Bob Widdowson, Andrews made his first team debut in a Fourth Division match against Rochdale on 5 April 1969, which was lost 2–1. He featured in all of York's remaining games\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10691342\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Bloom\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Bloom Ursula Bloom (1892–1984) was a British novelist. Born 11 December 1892 in Springfield, Chelmsford, Essex, Ursula Harvey Bloom was the daughter of the Reverend James Harvey Bloom, whom she wrote about in a biography entitled \\\"Parson Extraordinary\\\". She also wrote about her great-grandmother, Frances Graver (born 1809) who was of gypsy (Diddicoy) birth. Graver became known as \\\"The Rose of Norfolk\\\", (the title of the book by Ursula Bloom). Ursula Bloom lived for a number of years in Stratford-upon-Avon, which was the subject of her book, \\\"Rosemary for Stratford-upon-Avon\\\" She wrote her first book at the age of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11065113\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jessica Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Jessica Andrews Jessica Danielle Andrews (born December 29, 1983) is an American country music singer. At age 15 in mid-1999, she made her debut on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with the single \\\"I Will Be There for You\\\", from her debut album \\\"Heart Shaped World\\\", released in 1999 on DreamWorks Records Nashville. Andrews had her biggest chart success in 2001 with the song \\\"Who I Am\\\", a No. 1 country hit and the title track of her second studio album, which was certified gold in the United States. A third album, \\\"Now\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4826755\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Gauthier\",\n \"text\": \"receives her or his Chinese visa) that foreign journalist face while trying to report on stories going on in China. The survey concluded that the treatment of Ursula Gauthier by the Chinese government, and the Chinese press, which resulted in death threats and personal attacks, were comparable to abuse. Ursula Gauthier Ursula Gauthier is a French journalist and sinologist. Gauthier was a reporter in China for \\\"L'Obs\\\". In December 2015, her visa was not renewed and she was forced to leave the country after she published an article about Uighurs in Xinjiang which Chinese government officials disapproved of. A Chinese\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19245269\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Mamlok\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Mamlok Ursula Mamlok (February 1, 1923 – May 4, 2016) was a German-born American composer and teacher. Mamlok was born as Ursula Meyer in Berlin, Germany, into a Jewish family, and studied piano and composition with Professor Gustav Ernest and Emily Weissgerber until her family fled Nazi Germany following the nationwide pogrom in 1938. Due to American immigration quotas, the family moved to Guayaquil, Ecuador. Ursula immigrated alone to New York City in 1940 to attend the Mannes School of Music, which had offered her full scholarship on the basis of one of her compositions. Her parents followed in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10175276\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Gauthier\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Gauthier Ursula Gauthier is a French journalist and sinologist. Gauthier was a reporter in China for \\\"L'Obs\\\". In December 2015, her visa was not renewed and she was forced to leave the country after she published an article about Uighurs in Xinjiang which Chinese government officials disapproved of. A Chinese government Foreign Ministry spokesman suggested Gauthier's article \\\"openly supports terrorist activity, the killing of innocents and has outraged the Chinese public.\\\" Ursula Gauthier is a long time journalist that was working as a foreign correspondent for the French news organization L'Obs in China before she was expelled from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19245262\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jessica Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"and not released by her. In October 2010, Andrews became engaged to singer-songwriter Marcel. They were married on November 11, 2011. On September 30, 2017, Andrews announced that she was expecting a baby boy with her husband Marcel Chagnon. On February 6, 2018, Andrews gave birth to a son named Rockwell Francois Chagnon. Jessica Andrews Jessica Danielle Andrews (born December 29, 1983) is an American country music singer. At age 15 in mid-1999, she made her debut on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) charts with the single \\\"I Will Be There for You\\\", from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4826767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Mattingly\",\n \"text\": \"was reassigned from Sisters of Charity Hospital in 1855, after seven years at its helm. She died in 1874 at the age of 66. Ursula Mattingly Sister Ursula Mattingly, SC (23 October 1808 – 1874) was a Roman Catholic religious sister, nurse, and hospital administrator. A member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, she is best remembered for her role as foundress of Sisters of Charity Hospital in Buffalo, New York. She has been called \\\"one of the most successful and experienced hospital nurses in the country.\\\" Honora Mattingly was born in Maryland on 23 October\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19431553\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Rakova\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Rakova Ursula Rakova is an environmentalist and climate change activist from Papua New Guinea. In 2008 she was awarded the Pride of PNG award for her environmental contributions to the development of her country. As executive director of the not-for-profit organisation Tulele Peisa, she is responsible for organizing the relocation of the inhabitants of the Carteret Islands to the mainland of Bougainville Province. The islands are expected to be uninhabitable by 2040, rendering Rakova's people the world's first climate refugees. Rakova was born on the islet of Han in the Carteret Atoll. In 2005 she established a community schooling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20621270\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Mattingly\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Mattingly Sister Ursula Mattingly, SC (23 October 1808 – 1874) was a Roman Catholic religious sister, nurse, and hospital administrator. A member of the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul, she is best remembered for her role as foundress of Sisters of Charity Hospital in Buffalo, New York. She has been called \\\"one of the most successful and experienced hospital nurses in the country.\\\" Honora Mattingly was born in Maryland on 23 October 1808. She entered the Sisters of Charity of St. Joseph (now known as the Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul) on 10\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19431542\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Owen\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Owen Ursula Margaret Owen (born 21 January 1937) is an English publisher, editor and campaigner for free expression. She was born Ursula Margaret Sachs in Oxford, England, to Emma Boehm and Werner Sachs, a chemical engineer who became managing director of a multinational company dealing with non-ferrous metals. Her parents were German Jews, and Owen spent the first 18 months of her life in Berlin, after which the family was forced to leave Nazi Germany and came to London. Owen was educated at Putney High School and from there went to St Hugh's College, where she studied medicine and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13389970\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Nordstrom\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Nordstrom Ursula Nordstrom (February 2, 1910 – October 11, 1988) was publisher and editor-in-chief of juvenile books at Harper & Row from 1940 to 1973. She is credited with presiding over a transformation in children's literature in which morality tales written for adult approval gave way to works that instead appealed to children's imaginations and emotions. She also authored the 1960 children's book \\\"The Secret Language\\\". A collection of her correspondence was published in 1998, as \\\"Dear Genius: the Letters of Ursula Nordstrom\\\". Ursula Nordstrom was born in Manhattan on February 2, 1910 to Henry E. Dixey and Marie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11530955\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Johnson\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Johnson Ursula Johnson (born 1980) is a multidisciplinary Mi’kmaq artist based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Her work combines the Mi’kmaq tradition of basket weaving with sculpture, installation, and performance art. In all its manifestations her work operates as didactic intervention, seeking to both confront and educate her viewers about issues of identity, colonial history, tradition, and cultural practice. In 2017 she won the Sobey Art Award. Ursula A. Johnson was born in Sydney, Cape Breton, NS, in 1980. She was raised in Eskasoni First Nation, Cape Breton, which lays claim to be the largest Mi’kmaq community in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17835003\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Johnson\",\n \"text\": \"to May 2009. Ursula Johnson Ursula Johnson (born 1980) is a multidisciplinary Mi’kmaq artist based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. Her work combines the Mi’kmaq tradition of basket weaving with sculpture, installation, and performance art. In all its manifestations her work operates as didactic intervention, seeking to both confront and educate her viewers about issues of identity, colonial history, tradition, and cultural practice. In 2017 she won the Sobey Art Award. Ursula A. Johnson was born in Sydney, Cape Breton, NS, in 1980. She was raised in Eskasoni First Nation, Cape Breton, which lays claim to be the largest Mi’kmaq\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17835011\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dana Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"and \\\"Town Tamer\\\" (1965). However, he was cast increasingly in supporting roles: \\\"Berlin, Appointment for the Spies\\\" (1965), \\\"The Loved One\\\" (1965), \\\"Battle of the Bulge\\\" (1965), and \\\"Johnny Reno\\\" (1966). Andrews still played leads in low-budget films like \\\"The Frozen Dead\\\" (1966), \\\"The Cobra\\\" (1967) and \\\"Hot Rods to Hell\\\" (1967). By this time, Andrews had evolved into a character actor, as in \\\"The 1000 Carat Diamond\\\" (1967), \\\"No Diamonds for Ursula\\\" (1967), and \\\"The Devil's Brigade\\\" (1968). Later, Andrews returned to the leading role of college president Tom Boswell on the NBC daytime soap opera \\\"Bright Promise\\\" from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1387959\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula of Rosenfeld\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula of Rosenfeld Ursula of Rosenfeld ( – 26 February 1538) was the second wife of Margrave Ernest of Baden-Durlach. All grand dukes of Baden descend from her, via her son Charles II. Ursula was born as the youngest child of Wolf of Rosenfeld (d. 1500) and his wife Anna Bombast of Hohenheim. They were considered lower nobility. Her father was \\\"Schultheiß\\\" of the town of Rosenfeld in Württemberg. According to legend, the family lived in the stately \\\"Ursula house\\\", which dates to the early 15th century. Ursula was a lady-in-waiting of Margravine Elisabeth of Brandenburg-Ansbach-Kulmbach, the first wife of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16298732\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Merchant\",\n \"text\": \"not only stunted the growth of modern performance art to a significant degree, but she may also not have lived to give birth to her daughter Katie Absolom (Born Katie Merchant), whose racist watercolours inspired Warhol's early works. Singer-songwriter Elliott Smith refers to Ursula Merchant. in his song \\\"Color Bars,\\\" which appears on his 2000 album \\\"Figure 8.\\\" Referenced from: Howell, L (1994), \\\"The Arbus Legacy\\\", Pan Biographies. Ursula Merchant Ursula Merchant (born September 10, 1932 in Rostock) is a German Las Vegas-based performance artist, conceptual artist, carpenter. She is probably best known for her series 'Forkin' Hell'. Merchant was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9877126\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Karven\",\n \"text\": \"film, directed by Thomas Nennstiel, the actress plays the role of Nina von der Heyden. Ursula Karven lived with her family for a few years in Florida and later lived on the island of Majorca, Spain. As well as acting, Karven markets her own line of baby products and a maternity clothing range called \\\"Bellybutton\\\". In 2010 moved from Mallorca to Berlin. She is the former wife of producer James Veres, who, in addition to Daniel, has two other two sons, Christopher (born in 1994) and Liam Taj (born in 2003). Ursula Karven Ursula Karven, previously Ursula Karven-Veres (born Ursula\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7321726\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Curtiss\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Curtiss Ursula Reilly Curtiss (April 8, 1923 — October 10, 1984) was an American writer of mystery novels. Ursula Kieran Reilly was born in Yonkers, New York, and raised in Westport, Connecticut, the daughter of Paul Reilly and Helen Kieran Reilly. Her mother was a mystery writer; so was her sister, Mary McMullen. Ursula Reilly's grandfather was James Michael Kieran, one-time president of Hunter College. Her uncle was journalist John Kieran. Ursula Reilly graduated from a Catholic girls' high school, Lauralton Hall in Milford, Connecticut. Books by Ursula Curtiss include \\\"Voice Out of Darkness\\\" (1948), \\\"The Second Sickle\\\" (1951),\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20633738\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Florence Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"wins to finish in sixth place. Andrews died on 18 June 1996. Fencing Mid South awards the Florence Andrews Trophy annually to the winner of the junior girls' foil. Florence Andrews Mabel Florence Andrews (16 September 1912 – 18 June 1996) was a New Zealand fencer, who represented her country at the 1950 British Empire Games. Born on 16 September 1912, Andrews was the daughter of Florence Mabel Andrews (née Cross) and Lancelot William Dolling Andrews. A member of the Christchurch Swords Club, Andrews won the New Zealand national women's fencing championship in 1939 and 1946, the competition not being\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20333868\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1950)\",\n \"text\": \"of the 1968–69 season, making 11 appearances. He was not retained by the club after the end of the season.<ref name=\\\"York City : 1946/47 - 2003/04\\\"></ref> he was working as a referee in the York Football League. John Andrews (footballer, born 1950) John Edward Andrews (born 3 February 1950) is an English former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He played for York City in the Football League and he later worked as a referee. Andrews was born in York, North Yorkshire and played for Moor Lane Youth Club before joining hometown club York City in August 1968 as an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10691343\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Jeans\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Jeans Ursula Jeans (born 5 May 1906 – 21 April 1973) was an English film, stage, and television actress. Ursula Jeans was born in Simla, British India, to English parents, and brought up and educated in London. She was the youngest of three siblings. Her brother Desmond Jeans was a boxer and actor, and her elder sister, Isabel, was also an actress. Ursula Jeans made her stage debut in London in 1922, before joining the cast of the London production of \\\"The Play's the Thing\\\", an adaptation of Ferenc Molnár's play, \\\"The Play at the Castle\\\" by P. G.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7525383\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Fischer\",\n \"text\": \"she was no longer a candidate. Ursula Fischer Ursula Fischer (born Ursula Bätz; 6 September 1952) is a German former national politician (PDS). In 1990, as a result of East Germany's first (and as matters turned out last) free and democratic national election, she was elected of the country's national parliament (\\\"Volkskammer\\\"). Following reunification, she was of the German Upper legislative assembly (\\\"Bundestag\\\") between 1990 and 1994. She then pursued a career in regional politics before returning in 2004 to her earlier vocation as a physician. Ursula Bätz was born in Steinach in the East German Bezirk Suhl, a small\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19691062\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Fischer\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Fischer Ursula Fischer (born Ursula Bätz; 6 September 1952) is a German former national politician (PDS). In 1990, as a result of East Germany's first (and as matters turned out last) free and democratic national election, she was elected of the country's national parliament (\\\"Volkskammer\\\"). Following reunification, she was of the German Upper legislative assembly (\\\"Bundestag\\\") between 1990 and 1994. She then pursued a career in regional politics before returning in 2004 to her earlier vocation as a physician. Ursula Bätz was born in Steinach in the East German Bezirk Suhl, a small but long established town in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19691056\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Florence Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Florence Andrews Mabel Florence Andrews (16 September 1912 – 18 June 1996) was a New Zealand fencer, who represented her country at the 1950 British Empire Games. Born on 16 September 1912, Andrews was the daughter of Florence Mabel Andrews (née Cross) and Lancelot William Dolling Andrews. A member of the Christchurch Swords Club, Andrews won the New Zealand national women's fencing championship in 1939 and 1946, the competition not being held in the intervening years because of World War II. At the 1950 British Empire Games in Auckland, Andrews represented New Zealand in the individual women's foil, recording two\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20333867\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Masson\",\n \"text\": \"which the human spirit can with dignity and grace face up to the worst trials. It is for us now to treasure the records she has left us of her own life and work, which are every bit as valiant and inspiring as those of the Welsh heroines she researched\\\" (Jane Aaron). Ursula Masson Ursula Masson (1945–2008), born Ursula O'Connor, was a Welsh academic and writer who worked closely with Jane Aaron and Honno Press/Gwasg Honno, the Welsh Women's Press, on the imprint Welsh Women's Classics – to bring back into print the works of forgotten Welsh women writers of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19271084\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Masson\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Masson Ursula Masson (1945–2008), born Ursula O'Connor, was a Welsh academic and writer who worked closely with Jane Aaron and Honno Press/Gwasg Honno, the Welsh Women's Press, on the imprint Welsh Women's Classics – to bring back into print the works of forgotten Welsh women writers of the 19th and 20th centuries. Ursula Masson was born into the Irish community of Merthyr Tydfil, whose history she researched for her master's degree. After university she worked as a journalist, at home in South Wales and in Australia, before returning to teach adults in Swansea. In 1994 she became a lecturer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19271079\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Edgcumbe\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Edgcumbe Ursula Ulalia Edgcumbe (1900 - 8 February 1985) was a British sculptor and painter. As a sculptor she worked in stone, wood and bronze while, after switching to painting, many of her works depicted birds and groups of figures. Edgcumbe was born at Sandy in Bedfordshire where her father was the barrister and local politician Sir Robert Pearce-Edgcumbe (1851-1929). As a teenager, Ursula Edgcumbe worked in the studio of the sculptor James Havard Thomas before enrolling at the Slade School of Art, where Thomas also taught. Edgcumbe was at the Slade from 1916 until 1921 during which time\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20882515\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Reuter Christiansen\",\n \"text\": \"and film, which mostly include ideas of marriage and close relationships. She was awarded an Eckersberg Medal in 2011. Ursula Reuter Christiansen has had many works of art displayed in various museums. Some of her most famous pieces include: Ursula Reuter Christiansen Ursula Reuter Christiansen (born February 13, 1943 in Trier, Germany) created work, whether it was painting or filmmaking, that showed examples of mythological symbolism. Ursula Reuter Christiansen studied literature at the Philipp University in Marburg, Germany. Beginning in 1965, she studied sculpture under Joseph Beuys at the Düsseldorf Academy of Fine Arts. After moving to Denmark with her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18396439\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Ragwitz\",\n \"text\": \"member of the Party Central Committee, which became of the leading role afforded the party under the Leninist structure built into the East German constitution placed her at the heart of the country's power apparatus. Since the demise of the German Democratic Republic Ursula Ragwitz has lived with her husband as a pensioner in Berlin. Ursula Ragwitz Ursula Ragwitz (born Ursula Rose: 15 February 1928) is a former senior official of the ruling East German Socialist Unity Party. She started her career as a primary school teacher, and rose to become a member of the powerful Party Central Committee between\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19540110\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891)\",\n \"text\": \"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891) Alfred \\\"Arthur\\\" Andrews (1 April 1891 – 24 September 1964) was an English professional footballer who played as a half back for Southampton in their final season in the Southern League in 1919–20. Andrews was born in Sunderland where he worked in the local shipyard before joining Blackpool in November 1913. He failed to break into Blackpool's first-team before League football was interrupted by the First World War. During the war, he moved to the south coast to work in the Southampton shipyard of Harland and Wolff, where he played in their works team in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16857898\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thea Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"However, she appeared as a judge on the second season in the third episode, when the chefs were challenged to create dishes for a baby shower in honor of her and fellow judge Shereen Arazm. Andrews is the host of \\\"CMT's Next Superstar\\\", a reality competition series specializing in country music, which is produced by Nigel Lythgoe. Andrews hosted Top Chef Canada on a season where the contestants had to cook up horse meat dishes. This led to Facebook protests from various animal rights groups. Thea Andrews Thea Andrews (born October 4, 1973) is a Canadian journalist and TV personality\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5121964\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Ragwitz\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Ragwitz Ursula Ragwitz (born Ursula Rose: 15 February 1928) is a former senior official of the ruling East German Socialist Unity Party. She started her career as a primary school teacher, and rose to become a member of the powerful Party Central Committee between 1981 and 1989, undertaking various leadership roles in respect of the country's highly politicised culture sector. Ursula Rose was born in Cottbus, historically the cultural centre of Germany's Sorbian ethnic minority. Her father worked as a . Between 1942 and 1945 she studied to become a teacher of German and music at the teacher training\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19540103\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Curtiss\",\n \"text\": \"side of the Atlantic as on ours.\\\" Ursula Reilly married John Curtiss Jr. in 1947; her husband survived the Bataan Death March. She wrote while raising their five children in Massachusetts, and after 1960 in New Mexico. Ursula Curtiss died from cancer in Albuquerque, New Mexico in 1984, aged 61 years. Ursula Curtiss Ursula Reilly Curtiss (April 8, 1923 — October 10, 1984) was an American writer of mystery novels. Ursula Kieran Reilly was born in Yonkers, New York, and raised in Westport, Connecticut, the daughter of Paul Reilly and Helen Kieran Reilly. Her mother was a mystery writer; so\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20633741\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Hegi\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Hegi Ursula Hegi (born May 23, 1946) is a German-born American writer. She is currently an instructor in the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton. She was born Ursula Koch in 1946 in Düsseldorf, Germany, a city that was heavily bombed during World War II. Her perception growing up was that the war was avoided as a topic of discussion despite its evidence everywhere, and The Holocaust was a particularly taboo topic. This had a strong effect on her later writing and her feelings about her German identity. She left West Germany in 1964, at the age of 18.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5239634\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Hegi\",\n \"text\": \"Palm\\\". She has also had two \\\"New York Times\\\" Notable Book mentions. She has written many book reviews for \\\"The New York Times\\\", the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\", and \\\"The Washington Post\\\". Ursula Hegi Ursula Hegi (born May 23, 1946) is a German-born American writer. She is currently an instructor in the MFA program at Stony Brook Southampton. She was born Ursula Koch in 1946 in Düsseldorf, Germany, a city that was heavily bombed during World War II. Her perception growing up was that the war was avoided as a topic of discussion despite its evidence everywhere, and The Holocaust was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5239637\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sheila Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Sheila Andrews Sheila Marlene Andrews (April 10, 1953 – December 26, 1984) was an American country music singer. Signed to the Ovation label, she recorded three studio albums in her career and released several singles on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs including \\\"It Don't Get Better Than This\\\", her highest charting single. Sheila Marlene Alldredge was born in Athens, Alabama in 1953 to James and Willie Alldredge. She had two brothers named Frank and Michael. Andrews’ father traveled to Ohio from Alabama to work in rubber plants and was a truck driver when he worked in Alabama. Eventually the family\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17030276\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Bloom\",\n \"text\": \"Bloom married twice. Her first husband was Arthur Brownlow Denham-Cookes, whom she married in 1916 and with whom she had a son, Pip, born in 1917. Arthur died of influenza in 1918, in the final days of the war. In 1925 she married Charles Gower Robinson, a Royal Navy Commander. Ursula Bloom Ursula Bloom (1892–1984) was a British novelist. Born 11 December 1892 in Springfield, Chelmsford, Essex, Ursula Harvey Bloom was the daughter of the Reverend James Harvey Bloom, whom she wrote about in a biography entitled \\\"Parson Extraordinary\\\". She also wrote about her great-grandmother, Frances Graver (born 1809) who\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11065115\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Karven\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Karven Ursula Karven, previously Ursula Karven-Veres (born Ursula Ganzenmüller 17 September 1964 in Ulm) is a German actress, writer, model and yoga istructor. Karven has acted in numerous German television films and series. On June 16, 2001, Karven made international headlines when her four-year-old son, Daniel, drowned at a birthday party in the swimming pool of American musician Tommy Lee in Santa Monica. She was married to James Veres and has two other children. Karven began practicing yoga when she was 30 and has published several books and DVDs promoting and demonstrating yoga-based exercises. Ursula Ganzenmüller, later known by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7321723\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jill Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Inside.\\\" The album was produced by Will Sayles. The track \\\"I'm So In Love With You\\\" features Seth Avett of The Avett Brothers. Jill Andrews Jill Andrews is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, Tennessee. She was a co-founder of indie folk/alt-country band The Everybodyfields, leaving in 2009 to pursue a solo career. Andrews began writing songs when she was 19 years old. Born in Johnson City, Tennessee, she is an alumna of East Tennessee State University. Andrews was formerly married to talent manager Clinton Darrah, with whom she has a son, Nico. Songs by Andrews have been featured in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20360529\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jill Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Jill Andrews Jill Andrews is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, Tennessee. She was a co-founder of indie folk/alt-country band The Everybodyfields, leaving in 2009 to pursue a solo career. Andrews began writing songs when she was 19 years old. Born in Johnson City, Tennessee, she is an alumna of East Tennessee State University. Andrews was formerly married to talent manager Clinton Darrah, with whom she has a son, Nico. Songs by Andrews have been featured in several television series, among them: \\\"Tell That Devil\\\", cowritten with Emery Dobyns and Matthew Mayfield, was performed by Hayden Panettiere in \\\"Nashville\\\" and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20360526\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Ratasepp\",\n \"text\": \"is actor Tõnu Oja, and her brother-in-law is actor Pääru Oja. Ursula Ratasepp Ursula Ratasepp (born 17 June 1982) is an Estonian stage, film and television actress. Ursula Ratasepp was born in Tallinn in 1982. She is the older sister of actress Katariina Ratasepp (born 1986). She studied drama at the Vanalinnastuudio until 2001, then studied psychology at the University of Tartu until 2002. She then enrolled at the EMA Higher Drama School (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre) in Tallinn, graduating in 2006. In 2014, she received her bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Tartu.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19984563\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Ratasepp\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Ratasepp Ursula Ratasepp (born 17 June 1982) is an Estonian stage, film and television actress. Ursula Ratasepp was born in Tallinn in 1982. She is the older sister of actress Katariina Ratasepp (born 1986). She studied drama at the Vanalinnastuudio until 2001, then studied psychology at the University of Tartu until 2002. She then enrolled at the EMA Higher Drama School (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre) in Tallinn, graduating in 2006. In 2014, she received her bachelor's degree in psychology from the University of Tartu. Following her graduation from the EMA Higher Drama School in 2006,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19984558\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Jeans\",\n \"text\": \"of Australia and New Zealand in 1956–1958. She continued to act into the 1970s and died of cancer in 1973, aged 66, some 18 months after her diagnosis. She shares a memorial plaque with her husband Roger in the actors' church St Paul's, Covent Garden. Ursula Jeans Ursula Jeans (born 5 May 1906 – 21 April 1973) was an English film, stage, and television actress. Ursula Jeans was born in Simla, British India, to English parents, and brought up and educated in London. She was the youngest of three siblings. Her brother Desmond Jeans was a boxer and actor, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7525385\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Holden\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Holden Ursula Holden (born 8 August 1921) is an English novelist, author of thirteen novels often inspired by her time spent in Ireland. Her first novel, \\\"Endless Race\\\", was published when she was 54. Ursula Holden was born 8 August 1921, in Bridport, Dorset, fourth daughter of five children of Una and Andrew Holden. Her father worked abroad, mostly in Egypt and Holden was educated at home by a governess before going to high school, aged 11, and then to board at St Michael's School, Bognor Regis, at the age of 15. After World War II, Holden went to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15984533\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Meyer\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Meyer Ursula Meyer (1915–2003) was a German-born American artist and a professor of sculpture. Ursula Meyer was born in Hanover, Germany in 1915. She studied ceramics at the Reggia Scuola in Faenza, Italy. Meyer became a professor of sculpture at the City University of New York in New York City in 1963, and she would remain at CUNY's Lehman College until her retirement in 1980. She wrote a number of articles and reviews in newspapers and art magazines in the United States. Her perspective on minimalist art was one of many recognized voices in the art world of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17835052\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Frayne\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Frayne Ursula Frayne (5 October 1816 – 9 June 1885), born Clara Frayne, was an Irish nun who became a Mother Superior of the Sisters of Mercy and spent her life in missionary work, initially in Canada but largely in Australia developing schools and academies. Clara Frayne was born to a wealthy businessman Robert Frayne, and his wife, Bridget, in Dublin, Ireland. She entered Baggot street with Catherine McCauley the then recently formed Institute of Mercy in Dublin in 1834 and took Ursula in place of her baptismal name. She was appointed Mother Superior in 1842, taking charge of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16417439\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Merkin\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Merkin Ursula Merkin (1919–2006) was a German-born American philanthropist. She was born in Frankfurt, Germany to Isaac Breuer, a noted German Rabbi, as Ursula (Sara) Breuer. In 1933, at the age of fourteen, she left Germany with her family for Palestine. She remained there with her father, to whom she was very close, until his death in Jerusalem in 1946, at the age of 63. Shortly thereafter, she emigrated to the United States, where she found a teaching position at a Jewish girls' school in Paterson, New Jersey. In 1950 she met and married Hermann Merkin, a German-Jewish businessman,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11726427\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Bright\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula was not a Theosophist but she did give Annie Besant, who was a friend of her daughter, £3,000 towards their cause. Bright died at her home in Kensington in 1915 where she had suffered from osteoarthritis for some time. Her biographer Elizabeth Crawford notes that her obituaries hardly mentioned her campaigning work because her osteoarthritis had prevented her from involvement with the women's suffrage movement. Ursula Bright Ursula Mellor Bright or Ursula Mellor (5 July 1835 – 5 March 1915) was a British activist for married women's property rights. Bright was born in 1835 to Joseph and ??? Mellor.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20239924\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Orange\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Orange Ursula Orange (1909–1955) was a mid 20th century British novelist who is known for focusing her books on the domestic lives and career aspirations of young women. Little has been written about Ursula Orange's life. She was born Ursula Marguerite Dorothea Orange in 1909, the daughter of Hugh William Orange, who received a knighthood for contributions to education in India. Her paternal grandfather was the medical pioneer William Orange CB, MD, FRCP, LSA, second superintendent of Broadmoor Hospital. She married a man named Dennis Tindall with whom she had a daughter, the writer Gillian Tindall. She was for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19381329\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Mamlok\",\n \"text\": \"was chosen to represent the United States at the International Rostrum of Composers. Mamlok also received a Commendation of Excellence in 1987 \\\"for her contribution to the world of concert music.\\\" The C. F. Peters Corporation, American Composers Edition, McGuinness and Marx, Casia Publishing, and Hildegard Publishing companies have published Mamlok's compositions. She made the scores of many of her works available herself. In 2006, Mamlock moved to Berlin, where she died on May 4, 2016. Ursula Mamlok Ursula Mamlok (February 1, 1923 – May 4, 2016) was a German-born American composer and teacher. Mamlok was born as Ursula Meyer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10175280\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Goetze\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Goetze Ursula Goetze (29 March 1916 – 5 August 1943) was a Berlin student who participated in political opposition to the Nazi government in Germany. In May 1942, following involvement in a leafleting campaign, she was arrested and, some time later, sentenced to death. She died by decapitation with a guillotine. Ursula Goetze was her parents' third recorded child, born into a middle-class family. Her father, Otto Goetze, ran a wallpaper factory. Later, her parents became hoteliers when Otto and Margarete Goetze took over the \\\"Thüringer Hof\\\" (hotel) in Berlin's (\\\" Street\\\"). Between 1922 and 1933 Ursula attended school\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19491385\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Meyer\",\n \"text\": \"1960s. Meyer authored the book \\\"Conceptual Art\\\" published by E.P. Dutton in 1972. After her death, she received a retrospective exhibit at the Art Gallery of The Graduate Center of The City University of New York. Meyer's sculpture has been described as focused on the interplay of transiency and stability, flexible and transcendent of size and shape, and deeply aware of the historical and political dimensions of the monumental. Ursula Meyer Ursula Meyer (1915–2003) was a German-born American artist and a professor of sculpture. Ursula Meyer was born in Hanover, Germany in 1915. She studied ceramics at the Reggia Scuola\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17835053\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Tyrwhitt\",\n \"text\": \"and Ida Nettleship (his first wife) held by the Yale Center for British Art in the Paul Mellon Collection. The Ashmolean Museum held a retrospective exhibition in 1973 entitled \\\"Ursula Tyrwhitt, Oxford painter and collector 1872-1966\\\". Tyrwhitt married her cousin, the artist Walter Tyrwhitt (1859-1932). She lived in Puerto de la Cruz, Tenerife and also Oxford, where she died in 1966. Ursula Tyrwhitt Ursula Tyrwhitt (1872–1966) was a painter and draughtsman who exhibited with the New English Art Club and became a member in 1913. Ursula Tyrwhitt was born in Nazeing, Essex. She studied at the Slade School of Fine\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20465997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Günther\",\n \"text\": \"in an issue with the five-act French original version and also with the four-act Italian version. She published widely, becoming one of the most influential musicologists of the twentieth century. Ursula Günther Ursula Günther (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. Ursula Günther was born Ursula Rösse in Hamburg. After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17928239\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Günther\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Günther Ursula Günther (15 June 1927 – 20 or 21 November 2006) was a German musicologist specializing in the fourteenth and early fifteenth centuries and the music of Giuseppe Verdi. Ursula Günther was born Ursula Rösse in Hamburg. After studying piano with D. Kraus and H. E. Riebensahm and music theory with H. Stahmer in Hamburg, she graduated with a music teacher's degree in 1947. From 1948 she studied music with Heinrich Husmann at the University of Hamburg along with other subjects such as art history, German and Romance Literature, philosophy, psychology, and phonetics. In 1957 at Hamburg she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17928234\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Bethell\",\n \"text\": \"'very earnestly digging', raised her head to look at the mountains.\\\" All Bethell's work appeared anonymously, although in old age she became less keen to remain anonymous. She said her pseudonym, Evelyn Hayes, came from a great-great-grandfather, Sir Henry Hayes of Cork, who was \\\"deported for life to Botany Bay for attempted abduction of a Quaker heiress.\\\" Ursula Bethell died in Christchurch on 15 January 1945. Ursula Bethell Mary Ursula Bethell, usually known as Ursula Bethell (6 October 1874 – 15 January 1945), was a New Zealand social worker and poet. Born in Horsell, Surrey, England, she arrived in New\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16287729\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Hoff\",\n \"text\": \"completed her primary and secondary education. In 1930, Ursula Hoff commenced academic studies spread between the universities of Frankfurt, Cologne, and Munich; later the same year, she commenced studies at the University of Hamburg; among her teachers were Erwin Panofsky, Aby Warburg, Ernst Cassirer, and Fritz Saxl. Upon Adolf Hitler's appointment as Chancellor of Germany and the introduction of anti-Jewish measures in January 1930, Ursula Hoff's father, Leopold Hoff, left immediately for London; Ursula and her mother Tussi followed him shortly in July. Because she was born in England, Ursula was able to take up British citizenship, and due to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14089696\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Martinez\",\n \"text\": \"Festival. Another popular cabaret segment is called \\\"Light My Fire\\\" in which the pasties and G-string Martinez wears burst into flame, one by one, and disappear. Describing her work in \\\"The Guardian\\\", Lyn Gardner wrote, 'Martinez's stage performances look deceptively simple; they may seem to bumble along, but this is a contrivance that allows Martinez to undertake highly complex investigations into reality and fiction, autobiography and lies, and the nature of identity itself, her own most of all.' Ursula Martinez Ursula Martinez also known as Ursula Lea (born 1966) is a London-based Anglo-Spanish British writer, performer, and cult cabaret diva\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8674614\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Vernon\",\n \"text\": \"Best Novelette. Ursula Vernon Ursula Vernon (born May 28, 1977) is an American freelance writer, artist and illustrator. She is best known for her Hugo Award-winning graphic novel \\\"Digger\\\" (2003–2011) and for the children's books \\\"Dragonbreath\\\" and \\\"Nurk: The Strange, Surprising Adventures of a (Somewhat) Brave Shrew\\\". Vernon is the creator of \\\"Hamster Princess\\\", \\\"The Biting Pear of Salamanca\\\", a digital work of art which became an internet meme in the form of the \\\"LOL WUT pear\\\". Under the name \\\"T. Kingfisher\\\", she is also the author of several books for older audiences. Ursula Vernon grew up in Oregon and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6949519\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Vernon\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Vernon Ursula Vernon (born May 28, 1977) is an American freelance writer, artist and illustrator. She is best known for her Hugo Award-winning graphic novel \\\"Digger\\\" (2003–2011) and for the children's books \\\"Dragonbreath\\\" and \\\"Nurk: The Strange, Surprising Adventures of a (Somewhat) Brave Shrew\\\". Vernon is the creator of \\\"Hamster Princess\\\", \\\"The Biting Pear of Salamanca\\\", a digital work of art which became an internet meme in the form of the \\\"LOL WUT pear\\\". Under the name \\\"T. Kingfisher\\\", she is also the author of several books for older audiences. Ursula Vernon grew up in Oregon and Arizona and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6949513\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978)\",\n \"text\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978) John Andrews (born 27 September 1978) is a Uefa A licensed coach, an Irish former footballer and high-profile Strength and Conditioning coach. He is also a college graduate and a former musician, journalist and radio DJ. He is former coach of the women's team at Icelandic club Afturelding, with whom he spent five seasons as a player between 2008 and 2012. Andrews made appearances in the Football League for Mansfield Town and also spent time in English non-League football. Between 2002 and 2004, he had spells in his native Ireland with both Cobh Ramblers and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16635469\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989)\",\n \"text\": \"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989) Scott Andrews (born 1 August 1989) is a Welsh international rugby union player for Pro14 side Cardiff Blues. He plays mainly as a prop, but can also cover lock and hooker. In September 2017, English side Bath announced that they had signed Andrews on a one-month loan deal. In May 2010 he was added to the Wales national rugby union team standby list for the summer matches due to injury to Gethin Jenkins. In January 2011 he was named the Wales squad for the 2011 Six Nations Championship. He was named in the preliminary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14603124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John Andrews (footballer, born 1978)\",\n \"text\": \"him through to the end of the 2013 campaign. On 21 September 2012, Andrews signed a new two-year contract with Afturelding after leading the team to a seventh-placed finish in the Úrvalsdeild kvenna that summer. John Andrews (footballer, born 1978) John Andrews (born 27 September 1978) is a Uefa A licensed coach, an Irish former footballer and high-profile Strength and Conditioning coach. He is also a college graduate and a former musician, journalist and radio DJ. He is former coach of the women's team at Icelandic club Afturelding, with whom he spent five seasons as a player between 2008 and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16635479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula de Jesus\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"good death\\\" and stated that Ursula de Jesus indeed entered Heaven by preparing her will, disposing of worldly possessions, confessed her sins, and received extreme unction. Ursula de Jesus Ursula de Jesus (1604–1668) She was born in Lima, Peru and was the legitimate daughter of Juan Castilla and Isabel de los Rios. Isabel de los Rios was a slave leaving Ursula to inherit her mother's status. Ursula de Jesus was an African-Peruvian who rose out of slavery who became a donada (religious servant) in the [Roman Catholic Church]. She lived under her mother’s owner, Gerònima De Los Rios, until she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12213978\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula O'Farrell\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula O'Farrell Ursula O'Farrell, née Cussen (born 1934 in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland), is an Irish author and lecturer on the topic of counselling, and has worked for over 35 years as a counsellor. Born in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland, in 1934, and daughter of local solicitors, Robert and Kathleen Cussen, Ursula O'Farrell was educated in Laurel Hill School in Limerick, and subsequently in University College Dublin where she achieved a B.A (1956) and a Dip in Psychology (1981). She is one of the founding members of the Irish Association for Counselling in 1981, along with Odette Thompson\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20085704\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula O'Farrell\",\n \"text\": \"some fascinating case studies. Recipient of the Carl Berkeley Memorial Award in 2011 This annual award is made to those who have made an outstanding contribution to the development of counselling and psychotherapy in Ireland. Ursula O'Farrell Ursula O'Farrell, née Cussen (born 1934 in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland), is an Irish author and lecturer on the topic of counselling, and has worked for over 35 years as a counsellor. Born in Newcastle West, County Limerick, Ireland, in 1934, and daughter of local solicitors, Robert and Kathleen Cussen, Ursula O'Farrell was educated in Laurel Hill School in Limerick, and subsequently\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20085708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891)\",\n \"text\": \"when he was attempting a rash challenge after 12 minutes, resulting in a broken leg. 20-year-old Bert Shelley replaced him for the next match and became a Saints' stalwart, making nearly 450 appearances over the next 12 years before becoming first-team trainer. Andrews was released by Southampton in May 1920 and returned to work in the shipyards. He played part-time football in the Hampshire League with Cowes and Lymington. Arthur Andrews (footballer, born 1891) Alfred \\\"Arthur\\\" Andrews (1 April 1891 – 24 September 1964) was an English professional footballer who played as a half back for Southampton in their final\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16857900\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Wolff Schneider\",\n \"text\": \"Wolff Schneider: Ursula Wolff Schneider Ursula Flora Schneider (Wolff) (popularly known as Ursula Wolff Schneider) (August 14, 1906 - August, 1977) was a German photographer and photojournalist. Her photographs of the pre-World War II period are a significant record of the society and culture of Weimar Germany, and they serve as an important example of early photojournalism. Ursula Wolff was born in Berlin, Germany, and is the daughter of renowned Sanskrit scholar Dr. Fritz Wolff and Minna Wolff. She was married to German architect Karl Schneider (). In the mid-to-late 1920s, Ursula Wolff spent two years in Berlin, Vienna, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20646267\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Wolff Schneider\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Wolff Schneider Ursula Flora Schneider (Wolff) (popularly known as Ursula Wolff Schneider) (August 14, 1906 - August, 1977) was a German photographer and photojournalist. Her photographs of the pre-World War II period are a significant record of the society and culture of Weimar Germany, and they serve as an important example of early photojournalism. Ursula Wolff was born in Berlin, Germany, and is the daughter of renowned Sanskrit scholar Dr. Fritz Wolff and Minna Wolff. She was married to German architect Karl Schneider (). In the mid-to-late 1920s, Ursula Wolff spent two years in Berlin, Vienna, and Hamburg working\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20646265\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Owen\",\n \"text\": \"the board of the \\\"New Statesman\\\" and the committee of the Royal Literary Fund. She has lived in Egypt, Lebanon and the United States. Owen is the editor of \\\"Fathers: Reflections by Daughters\\\" (Virago, 1983) and \\\"Whose Cities\\\" (with Mark Fisher), published by Penguin in 1991. Owen has one daughter and four granddaughters. Ursula Owen Ursula Margaret Owen (born 21 January 1937) is an English publisher, editor and campaigner for free expression. She was born Ursula Margaret Sachs in Oxford, England, to Emma Boehm and Werner Sachs, a chemical engineer who became managing director of a multinational company dealing with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13389974\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989)\",\n \"text\": \"squad for the 2011 Rugby World Cup but was ultimately left out of the final squad. He made his full international debut for Wales versus the Barbarians on 4 June 2011 as a second-half replacement. Scott Andrews (rugby player born 1989) Scott Andrews (born 1 August 1989) is a Welsh international rugby union player for Pro14 side Cardiff Blues. He plays mainly as a prop, but can also cover lock and hooker. In September 2017, English side Bath announced that they had signed Andrews on a one-month loan deal. In May 2010 he was added to the Wales national rugby\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14603125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Hoff\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Hoff Ursula Hoff (26 December 1909 in London, UK – 10 January 2005 in Melbourne) – Australian scholar, academic, curator, writer, critic, and lecturer; Deputy Director of the National Gallery of Victoria, Melbourne (1968–1973); London Adviser of the Felton Bequest (1975–83); author of numerous books, catalogues, articles, reviews, and scholarly publications on art. Ursula Hoff was born on 26 December 1909 in London to Hans Leopold Hoff, Hamburg-based German Jewish merchant, and his wife, née Thusnelde Margarethe (Tussi) Bulcke, of a German Lutheran upper-middle-class family. Shortly after her birth, the family moved to Hamburg, where Ursula grew up and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14089695\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Slim Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"He currently performs between 75 and 100 shows a year. 2005 \\\"Favorites For A Lifetime\\\"<br> 2006 \\\"Simply Slim With Harry\\\"<br> 2008 \\\"Through The Years\\\"—Slim Andrews and The Cumberland Valley Revue<br> 2009 \\\"Slim Andrews and His Alvarez\\\"<br> 2011 \\\"Slim Andrews Sings Irish\\\" Slim Andrews Slim Andrews, born Leonard Andrews Huntington, Jr. on June 14, 1931, is a Maine country music artist with seven decades of performing at the local and regional levels. He began his music career in 1942 at the age of eleven when he won a talent contest at the Community Theater in New Auburn, ME. He got his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20451761\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Hayden\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula and Angelina’s wrestling personas. Hayden was married to a man named Hans Gieseler for 3 years and then they later divorced. They have one child together, daughter Alaska Renee Gieseler (born October 1, 2000) Television Films Ursula Hayden Ursula Hayden (born Ursa Bamby Hayden; March 8, 1966) is an American professional wrestler, actress, and business woman. She is best known for her character Babe the Farmer's Daughter on the 1980s television show \\\"Gorgeous Ladies of Wrestling\\\" (also known as \\\"GLOW\\\") and being the owner of the company since 2001. She is also a series consultant on the Netflix GLOW\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20502778\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isabel Ursula Teshea\",\n \"text\": \"Isabel Ursula Teshea Isabel Ursula Teshea, TC (24 July 1911–14 April 1981) was an Afro-Trinidadian social worker, human rights activist, and politician. One of the founders of the People's National Movement, she served as vice chair of the party and was the first woman to hold the office. When Trinidad and Tobago gained its independence from Britain, she ran as a candidate, becoming the first woman elected in the newly established House of Representatives. She became the first woman cabinet Minister and later ambassador for the country. Posthumously, she was awarded the Trinity Cross, the highest honor of the country.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20571985\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Buchfellner\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Buchfellner Ursula Buchfellner (born 8 June 1961) is a German model and actress. She was \\\"Playboy\\\" magazine's Playmate of the Month for its October 1979 issue. Her centerfold was photographed by Peter Weissbrich. Buchfellner also was the Playmate for the December 1977 issue of \\\"Playboy's\\\" German edition, being only 16 at the time when the photos were taken (she was 17 in relation to the edition in which her photos were published). In November 1985 she became the first Playmate to go on to appear in \\\"Penthouse\\\" magazine. International acting and modeling careers followed Buchfellner's \\\"Playboy\\\" appearance. She was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7464105\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Kathleen Hicks\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Kathleen Hicks Ursula Kathleen Webb Hicks (1896–1985) was an Irish-born economist and academic. She was daughter of William and Isabella Webb, born in Dublin on 17 September 1896. She was educated at Roedean and Somerville College, University of Oxford. Her post-graduate study was at the London School of Economics where she was a lecturer. She married fellow academic Sir John Hicks. Ursula Hicks was a renowned public finance and development economist. Hicks was also one of the founders of the Review of Economic Studies and Managing Editor there from 1933 to 1961. She was a fellow of Linacre College,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12966024\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Louise Andrews Kent\",\n \"text\": \"She was very athletic and participated in tennis, shooting, swimming, riding, and golfing. In fact, Edgerly won the first women's golf tournament to ever be played in the United States. The tournament took place at a Brookline country club. Edgerly died in 1899 of influenza when Louise Andrews Kent was just 13 years old. Books authored by Louise Andrews Kent include: Louise Andrews Kent Louise Andrews Kent (May 25, 1886 – August 6, 1969) was an American author. She was born in Brookline, Massachusetts in 1886 and graduated from Simmons College School of Library Science in 1909, where she was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13919988\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula de Jesus\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula de Jesus Ursula de Jesus (1604–1668) She was born in Lima, Peru and was the legitimate daughter of Juan Castilla and Isabel de los Rios. Isabel de los Rios was a slave leaving Ursula to inherit her mother's status. Ursula de Jesus was an African-Peruvian who rose out of slavery who became a donada (religious servant) in the [Roman Catholic Church]. She lived under her mother’s owner, Gerònima De Los Rios, until she was roughly eight years old. The daughter of slaves was her first experience with mysticism when she became the property of Luisa de Melgarejo Sotomayor, a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12213971\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Haverbeck\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Haverbeck Ursula Hedwig Meta Haverbeck-Wetzel (born 8 November 1928) is a German author from Vlotho, Germany. Since 2004, she has also been the subject of lawsuits due to her Holocaust denial which in Germany is a criminal offense. Her husband was , who during the Nazi period was temporarily engaged in the national leadership of the Nazi Party, founder and director in 1933 of the German , as well as writer and publisher, historian, folklorist and parson of The Christian Community. From 1982 he was also on the Scientific Advisory Board of the Ecological-Democratic Party (ÖDP) and party member.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18792112\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula van Beckum\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula van Beckum Ursula van Beckum née Ursula von Werdum (before 1520 – 13 November 1544) was a Dutch Anabaptist noblewoman who was burned at the stake for heresy in Delden, the Netherlands. She was born as the daughter of Ulrich von Werdum (d. 1530) and Armgard von Fikensolt. On 12 June 1538 she married Johan Hendrik van Beckum and went to live with him in Nijenhuis, his castle in Diepenheim. Her sister-in-law Maria van Beckum became a follower of David Joris and was sent out of her house by her stepmother as an Anabaptist. She fled to Ursula who\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14996926\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sarah Shepherd Andrews\",\n \"text\": \"Sarah Shepherd Andrews Sarah Shepherd Andrews (November 26, 1893 – September 16, 1961) was an American missionary, who served in Japan from 1916 until her death in 1961. She was a key figure in bringing Christianity into the country. Andrews was born in Dickson, Tennessee. The work of J.M. McCaleb influenced her to work in Japan where she later created around eight Japanese congregations. Sometime after she was baptized at age 14, she wrote to McCaleb about coming to Japan and he gave her advice what schooling and training she would need to be successful. Andrews graduated from Dickson College,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20135139\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Rucker\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Rucker Ursula Rucker is an American spoken word recording artist. Rucker is known for a diverse repertoire, and for utilizing techniques that catch her listeners' attention. Rucker was born and raised in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, where she was a graduate of Temple University’s journalism program. She is of African-American and Italian descent. Rucker had been writing poetry since adolescence but kept her writings to herself until she read poetry in 1994, at Philadelphia’s Zanzibar Blue, which is credited as her debut. That same year, Rucker was invited to collaborate with numerous recording artists, and producers including Wax Tailor, King Britt,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4698107\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Krone-Appuhn\",\n \"text\": \"Ursula Krone-Appuhn Ursula Krone-Appuhn (25 September 1936 - 17 December 1988) was a German politician (CDU, CSU). Despite being born in the central region that became, in October 1949, the German Democratic Republic (East Germany), her adult life and political career were conducted in West Germany where she served as a member of parliament (\\\"\\\"Bundestag Mitglied\\\"\\\") between 1976 and 1987. She took a particular interest in defence, and was a member of the parliamentary defence committee. Ursula Appuhn was born at Nordhausen, a small manufacturing town to the north of Erfurt. Passing the Abitur (school final exam) opened the way\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20357346\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ursula Mancusi Ungaro\",\n \"text\": \"ruled that an order issued by Florida Governor Rick Scott to randomly drug test 80,000 Florida state workers was unconstitutional. Ungaro found that Scott had not demonstrated that there was a compelling reason for the tests and that, as a result, they were an unreasonable search in violation of the Constitution. Ursula Mancusi Ungaro Ursula Mancusi Ungaro (born January 29, 1951; formerly known as Ursula Ungaro-Benages) is a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida. Ungaro was born in 1951 in Miami Beach, Florida. She graduated from the University of Miami\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10782410\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["iso 3166-1:ch","svissland","etymology of switzerland","confederation helvetia","swizerland","confederatio helvetica","environmental integrity group","confoederatio helvetica","svizra","switzerland","confédération suisse","swissenergy","schweitz","švýcarsko","die schweiz","schwitzerland","confederation suisse","der schweiz","swiss confederated states","suiza","switz","switzeland","schweiz","confederation helvetica","switserland","suisse","schweizerische eidgenossenschaft","switzerland information","confederaziun svizra","switzer land","switzerland","land of the switzers","swiss confederation","confœderatio helvetica","swiss","confederation suisse","confederation of helvatia","land of the swiss","confederaziun svizra","svizzera","swissland","swizterland","confédération suisse","confederazione svizzera","swiss confederation"],"string":"[\n \"iso 3166-1:ch\",\n \"svissland\",\n \"etymology of switzerland\",\n \"confederation helvetia\",\n \"swizerland\",\n \"confederatio helvetica\",\n \"environmental integrity group\",\n \"confoederatio helvetica\",\n \"svizra\",\n \"switzerland\",\n \"confédération suisse\",\n \"swissenergy\",\n \"schweitz\",\n \"švýcarsko\",\n \"die schweiz\",\n \"schwitzerland\",\n \"confederation suisse\",\n \"der schweiz\",\n \"swiss confederated states\",\n \"suiza\",\n \"switz\",\n \"switzeland\",\n \"schweiz\",\n \"confederation helvetica\",\n \"switserland\",\n \"suisse\",\n \"schweizerische eidgenossenschaft\",\n \"switzerland information\",\n \"confederaziun svizra\",\n \"switzer land\",\n \"switzerland\",\n \"land of the switzers\",\n \"swiss confederation\",\n \"confœderatio helvetica\",\n \"swiss\",\n \"confederation suisse\",\n \"confederation of helvatia\",\n \"land of the swiss\",\n \"confederaziun svizra\",\n \"svizzera\",\n \"swissland\",\n \"swizterland\",\n \"confédération suisse\",\n \"confederazione svizzera\",\n \"swiss confederation\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":86,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what was cbs tv news broadcaster walter cronkite's stock closing phrase?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"13 moon missions, Cronkite received the best ratings and made CBS the most-watched television network for the missions. In 1970, when Huntley retired, the \"CBS Evening News\" finally dominated the American TV news viewing audience. Although NBC finally settled on the skilled and well-respected broadcast journalist John Chancellor, Cronkite proved to be more popular and continued to be top-rated until his retirement in 1981. One of Cronkite's trademarks was ending the \"CBS Evening News\" with the phrase \"...And that's the way it is,\" followed by the date. Keeping to standards of objective journalism, he omitted this phrase on nights when","psg_id":"1446173"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"13 moon missions, Cronkite received the best ratings and made CBS the most-watched television network for the missions. In 1970, when Huntley retired, the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" finally dominated the American TV news viewing audience. Although NBC finally settled on the skilled and well-respected broadcast journalist John Chancellor, Cronkite proved to be more popular and continued to be top-rated until his retirement in 1981. One of Cronkite's trademarks was ending the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" with the phrase \\\"...And that's the way it is,\\\" followed by the date. Keeping to standards of objective journalism, he omitted this phrase on nights when\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446173\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"relay what Johnson had said to him. During the final ten minutes of that broadcast, Cronkite reported on the death, giving a retrospective on the life of the nation's 36th president, and announced that CBS would air a special on Johnson later that evening. This story was re-told on a 2007 CBS-TV special honoring Cronkite's 90th birthday. NBC-TV's Garrick Utley, anchoring \"NBC Nightly News\" that evening, also interrupted his newscast in order to break the story, doing so about three minutes after Cronkite on CBS. The news was not reported on that night's \"ABC Evening News\", which was anchored by","psg_id":"1446200"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"the \"predominant news voice in America.\" Affectionately known as \"Uncle Walter,\" he covered many of the important news events of the era so effectively that his image and voice are closely associated with the Cuban Missile Crisis, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the Vietnam War, the Apollo 11 Moon landing, and the Watergate scandal. \"USA Today\" wrote that \"few TV figures have ever had as much power as Cronkite did at his height.\" Enjoying the cult of personality surrounding Cronkite in those years, CBS allowed some good-natured fun-poking at its star anchorman in some episodes of the network's","psg_id":"1446226"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"assassination, including the announcement of Oswald's death on Sunday. The next day, on the day of the funeral, Cronkite concluded \"CBS Evening News\" with the following assessment about the events of the last four dark days: Referring to his coverage of Kennedy's assassination, in a 2006 TV interview with Nick Clooney, Cronkite recalled, In a 2003 CBS special commemorating the 40th anniversary of the assassination, Cronkite recalled his reaction upon having the death confirmed to him, he said, According to historian Douglas Brinkley, Cronkite provided a sense of perspective throughout the unfolding sequence of disturbing events. In mid-February 1968, on","psg_id":"1446189"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"Cronkite was the voice of Benjamin Franklin in the educational television cartoon \"Liberty's Kids\", which included a news segment ending with the same phrase he did back on the \"CBS Evening News\". His distinctive voice provided the narration for the television ads of the University of Texas, Austin, his alma mater, with its 'We're Texas' ad campaign. Cronkite voiced Tim's grandpa in the BrainPOP episode about aging. He held amateur radio operator license KB2GSD and narrated a 2003 American Radio Relay League documentary explaining amateur radio's role in disaster relief. the video tells Amateur Radio's public service story to non-hams,","psg_id":"1446208"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"he ended the newscast with opinion or commentary. Beginning with January 16, 1980, Day 50 of the Iran hostage crisis, Cronkite added the length of the hostages' captivity to the show's closing in order to remind the audience of the unresolved situation, ending only on Day 444, January 20, 1981. Cronkite is vividly remembered for breaking the news of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy on Friday, November 22, 1963. Cronkite had been standing at the United Press International wire machine in the CBS newsroom as the bulletin of the President's shooting broke and he clamored to get on the","psg_id":"1446174"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"other news presenters bore the title before him. Cronkite anchored the network's coverage of the 1952 presidential election as well as later conventions. In 1964 he was temporarily replaced by the team of Robert Trout and Roger Mudd; this proved to be a mistake, and Cronkite returned to the anchor chair for future political conventions. From 1953 to 1957, Cronkite hosted the CBS program \"You Are There\", which reenacted historical events, using the format of a news report. His famous last line for these programs was: \"What sort of day was it? A day like all days, filled with those","psg_id":"1446167"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"dispatch Cronkite to the CBS Radio Network booth to report the events and play the audio over the television airwaves while the crew worked on the camera to see if they could get it set up quicker. Meanwhile, CBS was ten minutes into its live broadcast of the soap opera \"As the World Turns (ATWT)\", which had begun at the very minute of the shooting. A \"CBS News Bulletin\" bumper slide abruptly broke into the broadcast at 1:40 pm EST. Over the slide, Cronkite began reading what would be the first of three audio-only bulletins that were filed in the","psg_id":"1446176"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"as the United Press main reporter in Moscow from 1946 to 1948. In 1950, Cronkite joined CBS News in its young and growing television division, again recruited by Murrow. Cronkite began working at WTOP-TV (now WUSA), the CBS affiliate in Washington, D.C.. He originally served as anchor of the network's 15-minute late-Sunday-evening newscast \"Up To the Minute\", which followed \"What's My Line?\" at 11:00 pm ET from 1951 through 1962. Although it was widely reported that the term \"anchor\" was coined to describe Cronkite's role at both the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, marking the first nationally televised convention coverage,","psg_id":"1446166"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"News\" on September 2, 1963, when the show was expanded from 15 to 30 minutes, making Cronkite the anchor of American network television's first nightly half-hour news program. Cronkite's tenure as anchor of the \"CBS Evening News\" made him an icon in television news. During the early part of his tenure anchoring the \"CBS Evening News\", Cronkite competed against NBC's anchor team of Chet Huntley and David Brinkley, who anchored the \"Huntley-Brinkley Report\". For much of the 1960s, the \"Huntley-Brinkley Report\" had more viewers than Cronkite's broadcast. A key moment for Cronkite came during his coverage of John F. Kennedy's","psg_id":"1446171"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"KTBC-TV in Austin, Texas, which was affiliated with CBS at the time and was owned by the Johnson family. During the conversation the production staff cut away from the report back to the live camera in studio as Cronkite was still on the phone. After he was made aware that he was back on camera, Cronkite held up a finger to let everyone watching know he required a moment to let Johnson finish talking. Once Cronkite got what he needed, he thanked Johnson and asked him to stay on the line. He then turned to the camera and began to","psg_id":"1446199"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"When, Where, Why?\" with that editorial report: Following Cronkite's editorial report, President Lyndon Johnson is claimed by some to have said, \"If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost Middle America.\" This account has been questioned in a book on journalistic accuracy. At the time the editorial aired, Johnson was in Austin, Texas attending Texas Governor John Connally's birthday gala and was giving a speech in his honor. In his book \"This Just In: What I Couldn't Tell You on TV\", CBS News correspondent Bob Schieffer, who was serving as a reporter for the Fort Worth Star-Telegram when Cronkite's editorial aired, acknowledged","psg_id":"1446191"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"assignments. During this time he also covered the Nuremberg war crimes trial serving as the chief of the United Press bureau in Moscow. The main content of the papers documents Cronkite's career with CBS News between 1950 and 1981. The Cronkite Papers assemble a variety of interviews with U.S. presidents, including Herbert Hoover, Harry Truman, and Ronald Reagan. President Lyndon Johnson requested a special interview with Cronkite while he was broadcasting live on CBS. Between 1990 and 1993, Don Carleton, executive director for the Center for American History, assisted Cronkite as he compiled an oral history to write his autobiography,","psg_id":"1446234"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"were four Peabody awards for excellence in broadcasting. In 2003, Cronkite was honored by the Vienna Philharmonic with the Franz Schalk Gold Medal, in view of his contributions to the New Year's Concert and the cultural image of Austria. A few years after Cronkite retired, Tom Chauncey, an owner of KTSP-TV, the then-CBS affiliate in Phoenix, contacted Cronkite, an old friend, and asked him if he would be willing to have the journalism school at Arizona State University named after him. Cronkite immediately agreed. The ASU program acquired status and respect from its namesake. Cronkite was not just a namesake,","psg_id":"1446230"},{"title":"CBS Evening News","text":"officials complained to CBS founder William S. Paley. The second half of the report was aired the following Monday, but only for eight minutes. Cronkite was replaced as anchor of the program the Monday after his retirement, March 9, 1981, by then 49-year-old Dan Rather, who had been with CBS News as a correspondent since the early 1960s and later became a correspondent for the network's newsmagazine \"60 Minutes\". Concerns about excessive liberalism in the media were frequently leveled at Rather, the \"CBS Evening News\", CBS News and CBS in general. Some of these concerns dated from Rather's position as","psg_id":"1598652"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"assassination on November 22, 1963. Another factor in Cronkite and CBS' ascendancy to the top of the ratings was that, as the decade progressed, RCA made a corporate decision not to fund NBC News at the levels that CBS provided for its news broadcasts. Consequently, CBS News acquired a reputation for greater accuracy and depth in coverage. This reputation meshed well with Cronkite's wire service experience, and in 1967 the \"CBS Evening News\" began to surpass \"The Huntley-Brinkley Report\" in viewership during the summer months. In 1969, during the Apollo 11 (with co-host and former astronaut Wally Schirra) and Apollo","psg_id":"1446172"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"Howard K. Smith and Harry Reasoner, because ABC at the time fed their newscast live at 6:00 pm Eastern instead of 6:30 to get a head start on CBS and NBC for those stations that aired \"ABC Evening News\" live (although not every affiliate did). On December 10, 1963, Cronkite introduced The Beatles to the United States by airing a four-minute story about the band on \"CBS Evening News\". This was originally broadcast on November 22, 1963, and was going to be shown again on the \"CBS Evening News\", but the assassination of John F. Kennedy prevented the broadcast at","psg_id":"1446201"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"the wasted lives of our own citizens. I am speaking of the war on drugs. And I cannot help but wonder how many more lives, and how much more money, will be wasted before another Robert McNamara admits what is plain for all to see: the war on drugs is a failure.\" Cronkite was married for nearly 65 years to Mary Elizabeth 'Betsy' Maxwell Cronkite, from March 30, 1940, until her death from cancer on March 15, 2005. They had three children: Nancy Cronkite, Mary Kathleen (Kathy) Cronkite, and Walter Leland (Chip) Cronkite III (who is married to actress Deborah","psg_id":"1446223"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"announcing his impending resignation, the night before. The January 22, 1973 broadcast of the \"CBS Evening News\" saw Cronkite break the news of the death of another notable American political figure: former president Lyndon B. Johnson. At approximately 6:38 pm Eastern Time, while a pre-recorded report that the Vietnam peace talks in Paris had been successful was being played for the audience, Cronkite received a telephone call in the studio while off camera. The call was from Tom Johnson, the former press secretary for President Johnson who was at the time serving the former chief executive as station manager at","psg_id":"1446198"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"included a press conference with President Kennedy, talking about the price of the American dollar, which was causing concern in Europe. This broadcast inaugurated live intercontinental news coverage, which was perfected later in the sixties with \"Early Bird\" and other Intelsat satellites. General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower returned to his former Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) headquarters for an interview by Cronkite on the CBS News Special Report \"D-Day + 20\", telecast on June 6, 1964. Cronkite is also remembered for his coverage of the United States space program, and at times was visibly enthusiastic, rubbing his","psg_id":"1446196"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"that time. On February 14, 1980, Cronkite announced that he intended to retire from the \"CBS Evening News\"; at the time, CBS had a policy of mandatory retirement by age 65. Although sometimes compared to a father figure or an uncle figure, in an interview about his retirement he described himself as being more like a \"comfortable old shoe\" to his audience. His last day in the anchor chair at the \"CBS Evening News\" was on March 6, 1981; he was succeeded the following Monday by Dan Rather. Cronkite's farewell statement: On the eve of Cronkite's retirement, he appeared on","psg_id":"1446202"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"At about 3:30 pm EST, Cronkite came back into the newsroom to relay some new information. The two major pieces of information involved the Oath of Office being administered to Vice President Johnson, which officially made him the thirty-sixth President, and that Dallas police had arrested a man named Lee Harvey Oswald whom they suspected had fired the fatal shots. After that, Cronkite left again to begin preparing for that night's \"CBS Evening News\", which he returned to anchor as normal. For the next four days, along with his colleagues, Cronkite continued to report segments of uninterrupted coverage of the","psg_id":"1446188"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"a game show based on news events. During the presidential elections of 1952 and 1956 Cronkite hosted the CBS news-discussion series \"Pick the Winner\". Another of his network assignments was \"The Morning Show\", CBS' short-lived challenge to NBC's \"Today\" in 1954. His on-air duties included interviewing guests and chatting with a lion puppet named Charlemane about the news. He considered this discourse with a puppet as \"one of the highlights\" of the show. He added, \"A puppet can render opinions on people and things that a human commentator would not feel free to utter. I was and I am proud","psg_id":"1446169"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"long-running debate over his opposition to the construction of a wind farm in that area. In his column, he repeatedly condemned President George W. Bush and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Cronkite appeared in the 2004 Robert Greenwald film \"Outfoxed\", where he offered commentary on what he said were unethical and overtly political practices at the Fox News Channel. Cronkite remarked that when Fox News was founded by Rupert Murdoch, \"it was intended to be a conservative organization – beyond that; a far-right-wing organization\". In January 2006, during a press conference to promote the PBS documentary about his career, Cronkite","psg_id":"1446221"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"next twenty minutes: While Cronkite was reading this bulletin, a second one arrived, mentioning the severity of Kennedy's wounds: Just before the bulletin cut out, a CBS News staffer was heard saying \"Connally too,\" apparently having just heard the news that Texas Governor John Connally had also been shot while riding in the presidential limousine with his wife Nellie and Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy. CBS then rejoined the telecast of \"ATWT\" during a commercial break, which was followed by show announcer Dan McCullough's usual fee plug for the first half of the program and the network's 1:45 pm station identification","psg_id":"1446177"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"the anchor desk in the newsroom. Within twenty seconds of the announcement, every CBS affiliate except Dallas' KRLD (which was providing local coverage) was airing the network's feed. The camera was finally operational by this time and enabled the audience to see Cronkite, who was clad in shirt and tie but without his suit coat, given the urgent nature of the story. Cronkite reminded the audience, again, of the attempt made on the life of the President and tossed to KRLD news director Eddie Barker at the Dallas Trade Mart, where Kennedy was supposed to be making a speech before","psg_id":"1446181"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"break. Just before the second half of \"ATWT\" was to begin, the network broke in with the bumper slide a second time. In this bulletin Cronkite reported in greater detail about the assassination attempt on the President, while also breaking the news of Governor Connally's shooting. Cronkite then recapped the events as they had happened: that the President and Governor Connally had been shot and were in the emergency room at Parkland Hospital, and no one knew their condition as yet. CBS then decided to return to \"ATWT\", which was now midway through its second segment. The cast had continued","psg_id":"1446178"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"a \"Freedom of the Press\" George Polk Award and the Paul White Award from the Radio Television Digital News Association. In 1972, in recognition of his career, Princeton University's American Whig-Cliosophic Society awarded Cronkite the James Madison Award for Distinguished Public Service. In 1981, the year he retired, former president Jimmy Carter awarded Cronkite the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In that year, he also received the S. Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards, and the Paul White Award for lifetime achievement from the Radio Television Digital News","psg_id":"1446228"},{"title":"CBS Evening News","text":"background on the news set (which had been used since the 2008 elections) was replaced by a replica of the globe fixture during the Cronkite era, and the James Horner theme was replaced by the 1987–91 theme composed by Trivers-Myers Music that was used during the Rather era. In his first 9 months in the anchor chair, Pelley gained an additional 821,000 viewers. CBS News also enjoyed increases in its audience for special news events. After election night, 2012, Variety wrote, \"With Scott Pelley front and center; the Eye was up 8% from four years ago.\" The CBS Evening News","psg_id":"1598672"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"the CBS network coverage as violence and protests occurred outside the convention, as well as scuffles inside the convention hall. When Dan Rather was punched to the floor (on camera) by security personnel, Cronkite commented, \"I think we've got a bunch of thugs here, Dan.\" The first publicly transmitted live trans-Atlantic program was broadcast via the Telstar satellite on July 23, 1962, at 3:00 pm EDT, and Cronkite was one of the main presenters in this multinational broadcast. The broadcast was made possible in Europe by Eurovision and in North America by NBC, CBS, ABC, and the CBC. The first","psg_id":"1446194"},{"title":"CBS Evening News","text":"interest stories, over time it returned to the hard news format popularized by Cronkite. In an April 2011 article, \"The New York Times\" reported that \"60 Minutes\" correspondent Scott Pelley was considered to be the front-runner to replace Couric as anchor of the program. On May 3, 2011, CBS confirmed that Pelley would replace Couric as anchor for the \"CBS Evening News\" in June. Harry Smith served as the interim anchor until Pelley's tenure started on June 6, 2011 (like Couric before him, Smith would also depart from CBS a month later). The graphics were subtly updated, the American flag","psg_id":"1598671"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"President, mentioning that it came from a reliable source. Before the network left KRLD's feed for good, Barker first announced, then retracted, a confirmation of Kennedy's death. CBS cut back to Cronkite reporting that one of the priests had administered last rites to the president. In the next few minutes, several more bulletins reporting that Kennedy had died were given to Cronkite, including one from CBS's own correspondent Dan Rather that had been reported as confirmation of Kennedy's demise by CBS Radio. As these bulletins came into the newsroom, it was becoming clearer that Kennedy had in fact lost his","psg_id":"1446183"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"hands together on camera with a smile and uttering, \"Whew...boy\" on July 20, 1969, when the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission put the first men on the moon. According to the 2006 PBS documentary on Cronkite, there was \"nothing new\" in his reports on the Watergate affair; however, Cronkite brought together a wide range of reporting, and his credibility and status is credited by many with pushing the Watergate story to the forefront with the American public, ultimately resulting in the resignation of President Richard M. Nixon on August 9, 1974. Cronkite had anchored the CBS coverage of Nixon's address,","psg_id":"1446197"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"2006. Cronkite's voiceover was notably not used on introducing the broadcast reporting his funeral – no voiceover was used on this occasion. Cronkite made a cameo appearance on a 1974 episode of \"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\", in which he met with Lou Grant in his office. Ted Baxter, who at first tried to convince Cronkite that he (Baxter) was as good a newsman as Eric Sevareid, pleaded with Cronkite to hire him for the network news, at least to give sport scores, and gave an example: \"The North Stars 3, the Kings Oh!\" Cronkite turned to Grant and said,","psg_id":"1446212"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"the urging of his executive producer Ernest Leiser, Cronkite and Leiser journeyed to Vietnam to cover the aftermath of the Tet Offensive. They were invited to dine with General Creighton Abrams, the commander of all forces in Vietnam, whom Cronkite knew from World War II. According to Leiser, Abrams told Cronkite, \"we cannot win this Goddamned war, and we ought to find a dignified way out.\" Upon return, Cronkite and Leiser wrote separate editorial reports based on that trip. Cronkite, an excellent writer, preferred Leiser's text over his own. On February 27, 1968, Cronkite closed \"Report from Vietnam: Who, What,","psg_id":"1446190"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"focusing on ham radio's part in helping various agencies respond to wildfires in the Western US during 2002, ham radio in space and the role Amateur Radio plays in emergency communications. \"Dozens of radio amateurs helped the police and fire departments and other emergency services maintain communications in New York, Pennsylvania and Washington, DC,\" narrator Cronkite intoned in reference to ham radio's response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Unusually, Cronkite was a Novice-class licensee—the entry level license—for his entire, and long, tenure in the hobby. On February 15, 2005, he went into the studio at CBS to","psg_id":"1446209"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"\"The Tonight Show\" hosted by Johnny Carson. The following night, Carson did a comic spoof of his on-air farewell address. As he had promised on his last show as anchor in 1981, Cronkite continued to broadcast occasionally as a special correspondent for CBS, CNN, and NPR into the 21st century; one such occasion was Cronkite anchoring the second space flight by John Glenn in 1998 as he had Glenn's first in 1962. In 1983, he reported on the British General Election for the ITV current affairs series \"World In Action\", interviewing, among many others, the victorious Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher.","psg_id":"1446203"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"events that alter and illuminate our times ... and you were there.\" In 1971, the show was revived and redesigned to attract an audience of teenagers and young adults, hosted again by Cronkite on Saturday mornings. In 1957, he began hosting \"The Twentieth Century\" (eventually renamed \"The 20th Century\"), a documentary series about important historical events of the century composed almost exclusively of newsreel footage and interviews. A long-running hit, the show was again renamed as \"The 21st Century\" in 1967 with Cronkite hosting speculative reporting on the future for another three years. Cronkite also hosted \"It's News to Me\",","psg_id":"1446168"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"\"Dinosaur!\" on A&E (not related to the documentary of the same title hosted by Christopher Reeve on CBS six years earlier), and a 1994 follow-up series, \"Ape Man: The Story of Human Evolution\". In 1995, he narrated the World Liberty Concert held in the Netherlands. Cronkite routinely hosted the Kennedy Center Honors from 1981 to 2002. Cronkite appeared briefly in the 2005 dramatic documentary \"The American Ruling Class\" written by Lewis Lapham; the 2000 film \"Thirteen Days\" reporting on the Cuban Missile Crisis; and provided the opening synopsis of the American Space Program leading to the events in Apollo 13","psg_id":"1446214"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"correspondents, relieving Bill Downs as the head of the Moscow bureau. CBS offered Cronkite $125 ($2,189 in 2018 money) a week along with \"commercial fees\" amounting to $25 ($438 in 2018) for almost every time Cronkite reported on air. Up to that point, he had been making $57.50 ($1,006 in 2018) per week at UP, but he had reservations about broadcasting. He initially accepted the offer. When he informed his boss Harrison Salisbury, UP countered with a raise of $17.50 ($306 in 2018) per week; Hugh Baillie also offered him an extra $20 ($350 in 2018) per week to stay.","psg_id":"1446163"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"Cronkite concluded that \"The failure to give free airtime for our political campaigns endangers our democracy.\" During the elections held in 2000, the amount spent by candidates in the major TV markets approached $1 billion. \"What our campaign asks is that the television industry yield just a tiny percentage of that windfall, less than 1 percent, to fund free airtime.\" He was a member of the Constitution Project's bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee. He also supported the nonprofit world hunger organization Heifer International. In 1998, he supported President Bill Clinton during Clinton's impeachment trial. He was also a proponent of","psg_id":"1446217"},{"title":"2007–08 CBS News writers strike","text":"2007–08 CBS News writers strike The 2007–2008 CBS News writers strike is a strike action by news writers working for the U.S.-based news broadcaster CBS News. The strike began on November 19, 2007. In addition to CBS News, CBS's locally owned and operated station news operations (including CBS Radio's news radio stations like WCBS, WBBM, KYW and KNX) have been without a contract with the network since April 2005. While most news writers are members of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, a labor union representing workers in the entertainment industry, CBS News and CBS-owned news station employees","psg_id":"11346338"},{"title":"CBS News Weekend Roundup","text":"CBS News Weekend Roundup The CBS News Weekend Roundup is a weekly news show that airs on the CBS Radio Network, designed for a one-hour time slot, though it has an actual length without commercials of about forty minutes. It reviews the previous week’s news and provides insights on possible future developments in the United States and the world. The show, produced Friday afternoons, also airs on CBS Radio affiliates on Saturdays and Sundays. It includes interviews with CBS News radio and TV correspondents and various newsmakers, compilations of reports through the week that have aired both on CBS-TV and","psg_id":"9013437"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"to confirm their suspicions). At 2:38 pm EST, while filling in time with some observations about the security presence in Dallas, which had been increased due to a disastrous visit by United Nations Ambassador Adlai Stevenson to the city earlier in 1963, Cronkite was handed a new bulletin. After looking it over for a moment, he took off his glasses, and made the official announcement: After making that announcement, Cronkite paused briefly, put his glasses back on, and swallowed hard to maintain his composure. With noticeable emotion in his voice he intoned the next sentence of the news report: With","psg_id":"1446186"},{"title":"CBS News Radio","text":"in addition to local news, weather, video news and other information to radio and television stations, as well as traffic reporting services. The network is the oldest unit of the CBS Corporation and traces its roots to CBS's predecessor, United Independent Broadcasters, founded in 1927 with 47 affiliates. The next year, Columbia Records invested in the radio network, which was named the Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System. Eventually, the record company pulled its backing from the struggling web. William S. Paley bought a half-interest in what became the Columbia Broadcasting System in 1928, and became its president. (In 1938, CBS bought","psg_id":"6250783"},{"title":"CBS News","text":"nights at 7:00 - 7:30PM UTC (Eastern Time) on CBS. CBSN is a 24-hour streaming news channel available from the CBS News website and launched on November, 4th 2014. The channel feature live news from 9am to midnight on weekdays. The channel makes all of the resources of CBS News available directly on digital platforms with live, anchored coverage 15 hours each week. It is a first for a U.S. 24-hour news channel to forgo cable and be available exclusively only on line and on smart devices such as smart TV's Apple TV, Roku, Amazon Fire and others. The Channel","psg_id":"2271961"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"added to the McCain-Feingold-Shays-Meehan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2001 that would have required TV broadcast companies to provide free airtime to candidates. Cronkite criticized the present system of campaign finance which allows elections to \"be purchased\" by special interests, and he noted that all the European democracies \"provide their candidates with extensive free airtime.\" \"In fact,\" Cronkite pointed out, \"of all the major nations worldwide that profess to have democracies, only seven – just seven – do not offer free airtime\" This put the United States on a list with Ecuador, Honduras, Malaysia, Taiwan, Tanzania, and Trinidad and Tobago.","psg_id":"1446216"},{"title":"CBS Evening News","text":"lead anchor position with NBC affiliate WKYC-TV in Cleveland, Ohio. The following year, Mitchell was replaced on the weekend editions by Jim Axelrod on Saturdays and Jeff Glor on Sundays. Weekend editions of the \"CBS Evening News\" were periodically abbreviated or preempted outright due to CBS Sports programming. On May 2, 2016, CBS announced that the weekend editions of the \"CBS Evening News\", effective May 7, 2016, would be revamped as the \"CBS Weekend News\", whose Saturday and Sunday editions will be anchored by Reena Ninan and Elaine Quijano respectively (the Saturday edition doesn't air from September through mid December","psg_id":"1598681"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"unsure about how much of an impact his editorial report had on Johnson's decision to drop his bid for re-election, and what eventually convinced him that the President had made the statement was Bill Moyers, fellow journalist and former aide to Johnson, telling him \"The president flipped off the set and said 'If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost Middle America.'\" Several weeks later, Johnson, who sought to preserve his legacy and was now convinced his declining health could not withstand growing public criticism, announced he would not seek reelection. During the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Cronkite was anchoring","psg_id":"1446193"},{"title":"CBS Evening News","text":"same period (since the 2010–11 season). \"Pelley has refocused the program towards hard news and away from the soft news and infotainment features of the early Katie Couric era. Story selection has focused more on foreign policy, Washington politics, and economic subjects. The program's audience viewership began to grow immediately, closing the gap between the \"CBS Evening News\" and its competitors by one million viewers within a year, although the CBS program remains in third place among the network evening newscasts. In late May 2016, a new theme tune composed by Joel Beckerman of Man Made Music was introduced. Later","psg_id":"1598675"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"\"A Reporter's Life\", which was published in 1996. The taped memoirs became an integral part of an eight-part television series \"Cronkite Remembers\", which was shown on the Discovery Channel. As a newsman, Cronkite devoted his attention to the early days of the space program, and the \"space race\" between the United States and the Soviet Union. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration honored Cronkite on February 28, 2006. Michael Coats, director of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, presented Cronkite with the Ambassador of Exploration Award. Cronkite was the first non-astronaut thus honored. NASA presented Cronkite with a","psg_id":"1446235"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"that Johnson did not see the original broadcast but also defended the allegation that Johnson had made the remark. According to Schieffer, Johnson's aide George Christian \"told me that the President apparently saw some clips of it the next day\" and that \"That's when he made the remark about Cronkite. But he knew then that it would take more than Americans were willing to give it.\" When asked about the remark during a 1979 interview, Christian claimed he had no recollection about what the President had said. In his 1996 memoir \"A Reporter's Life\", Cronkite claimed he was at first","psg_id":"1446192"},{"title":"CBS News","text":"from reports from the United Press, one of the three wire services that supplied newspapers with national and international news. In December 1930 CBS chief William S. Paley hired journalist Paul W. White away from United Press as CBS's news editor. Paley put the radio network's news operation at the same level as entertainment, and authorized White to interrupt programming if events warranted. Along with other networks, CBS chafed at the breaking news embargo imposed upon radio by the wire services, which prevented them from using bulletins until they first appeared in print. CBS disregarded an embargo when it broke","psg_id":"2271952"},{"title":"Walter Cronkite","text":"he was shot. Barker relayed information that Kennedy's condition was extremely critical. Then, after a prayer for Kennedy, Barker quoted an unofficial report that the President was dead but stressed it was not confirmed. After several minutes, the coverage came back to the CBS newsroom where Cronkite reported that the President had been given blood transfusions and two priests had been called into the room. He also played an audio report from KRLD that someone had been arrested in the assassination attempt at the Texas School Book Depository. Back in Dallas Barker announced another report of the death of the","psg_id":"1446182"},{"title":"CBS News controversies and criticism","text":"CBS News controversies and criticism Throughout the years, numerous conservative activists have accused CBS News of perpetuating a liberal bias in its news coverage. The Media Research Center, a right-wing media watchdog group led by L. Brent Bozell, has been especially critical about what it has perceived to be unduly favorable coverage of liberal topics by CBS, especially during the tenure of \"CBS Evening News\" anchor Dan Rather. In his 2001 book \"\", former CBS correspondent Bernard Goldberg extensively criticized Rather's management of CBS News and what he claimed was Rather's combative efforts to skew the network's coverage. In 1964,","psg_id":"16866737"},{"title":"CBS News Weekend Roundup","text":"the basis for the \"CBS World News Roundup,\" which airs mornings and evenings on the radio network, but the Sunday morning talk shows that are a staple of American TV. The \"Weekend Roundup\" is also a direct successor to the CBS Radio Network show \"Capital Ideas\", focusing on government and domestic news, which aired during the 1990s from Washington, D.C. and featured correspondents Rob Armstrong and John Hartge as well as Arenstein. CBS News Weekend Roundup The CBS News Weekend Roundup is a weekly news show that airs on the CBS Radio Network, designed for a one-hour time slot, though","psg_id":"9013440"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"relay what Johnson had said to him. During the final ten minutes of that broadcast, Cronkite reported on the death, giving a retrospective on the life of the nation's 36th president, and announced that CBS would air a special on Johnson later that evening. This story was re-told on a 2007 CBS-TV special honoring Cronkite's 90th birthday. NBC-TV's Garrick Utley, anchoring \\\"NBC Nightly News\\\" that evening, also interrupted his newscast in order to break the story, doing so about three minutes after Cronkite on CBS. The news was not reported on that night's \\\"ABC Evening News\\\", which was anchored by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446200\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"the \\\"predominant news voice in America.\\\" Affectionately known as \\\"Uncle Walter,\\\" he covered many of the important news events of the era so effectively that his image and voice are closely associated with the Cuban Missile Crisis, the assassination of President John F. Kennedy, the Vietnam War, the Apollo 11 Moon landing, and the Watergate scandal. \\\"USA Today\\\" wrote that \\\"few TV figures have ever had as much power as Cronkite did at his height.\\\" Enjoying the cult of personality surrounding Cronkite in those years, CBS allowed some good-natured fun-poking at its star anchorman in some episodes of the network's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446226\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"assassination, including the announcement of Oswald's death on Sunday. The next day, on the day of the funeral, Cronkite concluded \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" with the following assessment about the events of the last four dark days: Referring to his coverage of Kennedy's assassination, in a 2006 TV interview with Nick Clooney, Cronkite recalled, In a 2003 CBS special commemorating the 40th anniversary of the assassination, Cronkite recalled his reaction upon having the death confirmed to him, he said, According to historian Douglas Brinkley, Cronkite provided a sense of perspective throughout the unfolding sequence of disturbing events. In mid-February 1968, on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446189\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"Cronkite was the voice of Benjamin Franklin in the educational television cartoon \\\"Liberty's Kids\\\", which included a news segment ending with the same phrase he did back on the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\". His distinctive voice provided the narration for the television ads of the University of Texas, Austin, his alma mater, with its 'We're Texas' ad campaign. Cronkite voiced Tim's grandpa in the BrainPOP episode about aging. He held amateur radio operator license KB2GSD and narrated a 2003 American Radio Relay League documentary explaining amateur radio's role in disaster relief. the video tells Amateur Radio's public service story to non-hams,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446208\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"he ended the newscast with opinion or commentary. Beginning with January 16, 1980, Day 50 of the Iran hostage crisis, Cronkite added the length of the hostages' captivity to the show's closing in order to remind the audience of the unresolved situation, ending only on Day 444, January 20, 1981. Cronkite is vividly remembered for breaking the news of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy on Friday, November 22, 1963. Cronkite had been standing at the United Press International wire machine in the CBS newsroom as the bulletin of the President's shooting broke and he clamored to get on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446174\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"other news presenters bore the title before him. Cronkite anchored the network's coverage of the 1952 presidential election as well as later conventions. In 1964 he was temporarily replaced by the team of Robert Trout and Roger Mudd; this proved to be a mistake, and Cronkite returned to the anchor chair for future political conventions. From 1953 to 1957, Cronkite hosted the CBS program \\\"You Are There\\\", which reenacted historical events, using the format of a news report. His famous last line for these programs was: \\\"What sort of day was it? A day like all days, filled with those\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446167\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"dispatch Cronkite to the CBS Radio Network booth to report the events and play the audio over the television airwaves while the crew worked on the camera to see if they could get it set up quicker. Meanwhile, CBS was ten minutes into its live broadcast of the soap opera \\\"As the World Turns (ATWT)\\\", which had begun at the very minute of the shooting. A \\\"CBS News Bulletin\\\" bumper slide abruptly broke into the broadcast at 1:40 pm EST. Over the slide, Cronkite began reading what would be the first of three audio-only bulletins that were filed in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446176\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"as the United Press main reporter in Moscow from 1946 to 1948. In 1950, Cronkite joined CBS News in its young and growing television division, again recruited by Murrow. Cronkite began working at WTOP-TV (now WUSA), the CBS affiliate in Washington, D.C.. He originally served as anchor of the network's 15-minute late-Sunday-evening newscast \\\"Up To the Minute\\\", which followed \\\"What's My Line?\\\" at 11:00 pm ET from 1951 through 1962. Although it was widely reported that the term \\\"anchor\\\" was coined to describe Cronkite's role at both the Democratic and Republican National Conventions, marking the first nationally televised convention coverage,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446166\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"News\\\" on September 2, 1963, when the show was expanded from 15 to 30 minutes, making Cronkite the anchor of American network television's first nightly half-hour news program. Cronkite's tenure as anchor of the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" made him an icon in television news. During the early part of his tenure anchoring the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\", Cronkite competed against NBC's anchor team of Chet Huntley and David Brinkley, who anchored the \\\"Huntley-Brinkley Report\\\". For much of the 1960s, the \\\"Huntley-Brinkley Report\\\" had more viewers than Cronkite's broadcast. A key moment for Cronkite came during his coverage of John F. Kennedy's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446171\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"KTBC-TV in Austin, Texas, which was affiliated with CBS at the time and was owned by the Johnson family. During the conversation the production staff cut away from the report back to the live camera in studio as Cronkite was still on the phone. After he was made aware that he was back on camera, Cronkite held up a finger to let everyone watching know he required a moment to let Johnson finish talking. Once Cronkite got what he needed, he thanked Johnson and asked him to stay on the line. He then turned to the camera and began to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446199\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"When, Where, Why?\\\" with that editorial report: Following Cronkite's editorial report, President Lyndon Johnson is claimed by some to have said, \\\"If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost Middle America.\\\" This account has been questioned in a book on journalistic accuracy. At the time the editorial aired, Johnson was in Austin, Texas attending Texas Governor John Connally's birthday gala and was giving a speech in his honor. In his book \\\"This Just In: What I Couldn't Tell You on TV\\\", CBS News correspondent Bob Schieffer, who was serving as a reporter for the Fort Worth Star-Telegram when Cronkite's editorial aired, acknowledged\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446191\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"assignments. During this time he also covered the Nuremberg war crimes trial serving as the chief of the United Press bureau in Moscow. The main content of the papers documents Cronkite's career with CBS News between 1950 and 1981. The Cronkite Papers assemble a variety of interviews with U.S. presidents, including Herbert Hoover, Harry Truman, and Ronald Reagan. President Lyndon Johnson requested a special interview with Cronkite while he was broadcasting live on CBS. Between 1990 and 1993, Don Carleton, executive director for the Center for American History, assisted Cronkite as he compiled an oral history to write his autobiography,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446234\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"were four Peabody awards for excellence in broadcasting. In 2003, Cronkite was honored by the Vienna Philharmonic with the Franz Schalk Gold Medal, in view of his contributions to the New Year's Concert and the cultural image of Austria. A few years after Cronkite retired, Tom Chauncey, an owner of KTSP-TV, the then-CBS affiliate in Phoenix, contacted Cronkite, an old friend, and asked him if he would be willing to have the journalism school at Arizona State University named after him. Cronkite immediately agreed. The ASU program acquired status and respect from its namesake. Cronkite was not just a namesake,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446230\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS Evening News\",\n \"text\": \"officials complained to CBS founder William S. Paley. The second half of the report was aired the following Monday, but only for eight minutes. Cronkite was replaced as anchor of the program the Monday after his retirement, March 9, 1981, by then 49-year-old Dan Rather, who had been with CBS News as a correspondent since the early 1960s and later became a correspondent for the network's newsmagazine \\\"60 Minutes\\\". Concerns about excessive liberalism in the media were frequently leveled at Rather, the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\", CBS News and CBS in general. Some of these concerns dated from Rather's position as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1598652\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"assassination on November 22, 1963. Another factor in Cronkite and CBS' ascendancy to the top of the ratings was that, as the decade progressed, RCA made a corporate decision not to fund NBC News at the levels that CBS provided for its news broadcasts. Consequently, CBS News acquired a reputation for greater accuracy and depth in coverage. This reputation meshed well with Cronkite's wire service experience, and in 1967 the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" began to surpass \\\"The Huntley-Brinkley Report\\\" in viewership during the summer months. In 1969, during the Apollo 11 (with co-host and former astronaut Wally Schirra) and Apollo\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446172\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"Howard K. Smith and Harry Reasoner, because ABC at the time fed their newscast live at 6:00 pm Eastern instead of 6:30 to get a head start on CBS and NBC for those stations that aired \\\"ABC Evening News\\\" live (although not every affiliate did). On December 10, 1963, Cronkite introduced The Beatles to the United States by airing a four-minute story about the band on \\\"CBS Evening News\\\". This was originally broadcast on November 22, 1963, and was going to be shown again on the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\", but the assassination of John F. Kennedy prevented the broadcast at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"the wasted lives of our own citizens. I am speaking of the war on drugs. And I cannot help but wonder how many more lives, and how much more money, will be wasted before another Robert McNamara admits what is plain for all to see: the war on drugs is a failure.\\\" Cronkite was married for nearly 65 years to Mary Elizabeth 'Betsy' Maxwell Cronkite, from March 30, 1940, until her death from cancer on March 15, 2005. They had three children: Nancy Cronkite, Mary Kathleen (Kathy) Cronkite, and Walter Leland (Chip) Cronkite III (who is married to actress Deborah\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446223\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"announcing his impending resignation, the night before. The January 22, 1973 broadcast of the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" saw Cronkite break the news of the death of another notable American political figure: former president Lyndon B. Johnson. At approximately 6:38 pm Eastern Time, while a pre-recorded report that the Vietnam peace talks in Paris had been successful was being played for the audience, Cronkite received a telephone call in the studio while off camera. The call was from Tom Johnson, the former press secretary for President Johnson who was at the time serving the former chief executive as station manager at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446198\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"included a press conference with President Kennedy, talking about the price of the American dollar, which was causing concern in Europe. This broadcast inaugurated live intercontinental news coverage, which was perfected later in the sixties with \\\"Early Bird\\\" and other Intelsat satellites. General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower returned to his former Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) headquarters for an interview by Cronkite on the CBS News Special Report \\\"D-Day + 20\\\", telecast on June 6, 1964. Cronkite is also remembered for his coverage of the United States space program, and at times was visibly enthusiastic, rubbing his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446196\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"that time. On February 14, 1980, Cronkite announced that he intended to retire from the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\"; at the time, CBS had a policy of mandatory retirement by age 65. Although sometimes compared to a father figure or an uncle figure, in an interview about his retirement he described himself as being more like a \\\"comfortable old shoe\\\" to his audience. His last day in the anchor chair at the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" was on March 6, 1981; he was succeeded the following Monday by Dan Rather. Cronkite's farewell statement: On the eve of Cronkite's retirement, he appeared on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446202\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"At about 3:30 pm EST, Cronkite came back into the newsroom to relay some new information. The two major pieces of information involved the Oath of Office being administered to Vice President Johnson, which officially made him the thirty-sixth President, and that Dallas police had arrested a man named Lee Harvey Oswald whom they suspected had fired the fatal shots. After that, Cronkite left again to begin preparing for that night's \\\"CBS Evening News\\\", which he returned to anchor as normal. For the next four days, along with his colleagues, Cronkite continued to report segments of uninterrupted coverage of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446188\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"a game show based on news events. During the presidential elections of 1952 and 1956 Cronkite hosted the CBS news-discussion series \\\"Pick the Winner\\\". Another of his network assignments was \\\"The Morning Show\\\", CBS' short-lived challenge to NBC's \\\"Today\\\" in 1954. His on-air duties included interviewing guests and chatting with a lion puppet named Charlemane about the news. He considered this discourse with a puppet as \\\"one of the highlights\\\" of the show. He added, \\\"A puppet can render opinions on people and things that a human commentator would not feel free to utter. I was and I am proud\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446169\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"long-running debate over his opposition to the construction of a wind farm in that area. In his column, he repeatedly condemned President George W. Bush and the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Cronkite appeared in the 2004 Robert Greenwald film \\\"Outfoxed\\\", where he offered commentary on what he said were unethical and overtly political practices at the Fox News Channel. Cronkite remarked that when Fox News was founded by Rupert Murdoch, \\\"it was intended to be a conservative organization – beyond that; a far-right-wing organization\\\". In January 2006, during a press conference to promote the PBS documentary about his career, Cronkite\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"next twenty minutes: While Cronkite was reading this bulletin, a second one arrived, mentioning the severity of Kennedy's wounds: Just before the bulletin cut out, a CBS News staffer was heard saying \\\"Connally too,\\\" apparently having just heard the news that Texas Governor John Connally had also been shot while riding in the presidential limousine with his wife Nellie and Mr. and Mrs. Kennedy. CBS then rejoined the telecast of \\\"ATWT\\\" during a commercial break, which was followed by show announcer Dan McCullough's usual fee plug for the first half of the program and the network's 1:45 pm station identification\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446177\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"the anchor desk in the newsroom. Within twenty seconds of the announcement, every CBS affiliate except Dallas' KRLD (which was providing local coverage) was airing the network's feed. The camera was finally operational by this time and enabled the audience to see Cronkite, who was clad in shirt and tie but without his suit coat, given the urgent nature of the story. Cronkite reminded the audience, again, of the attempt made on the life of the President and tossed to KRLD news director Eddie Barker at the Dallas Trade Mart, where Kennedy was supposed to be making a speech before\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"break. Just before the second half of \\\"ATWT\\\" was to begin, the network broke in with the bumper slide a second time. In this bulletin Cronkite reported in greater detail about the assassination attempt on the President, while also breaking the news of Governor Connally's shooting. Cronkite then recapped the events as they had happened: that the President and Governor Connally had been shot and were in the emergency room at Parkland Hospital, and no one knew their condition as yet. CBS then decided to return to \\\"ATWT\\\", which was now midway through its second segment. The cast had continued\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446178\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"a \\\"Freedom of the Press\\\" George Polk Award and the Paul White Award from the Radio Television Digital News Association. In 1972, in recognition of his career, Princeton University's American Whig-Cliosophic Society awarded Cronkite the James Madison Award for Distinguished Public Service. In 1981, the year he retired, former president Jimmy Carter awarded Cronkite the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In that year, he also received the S. Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards, and the Paul White Award for lifetime achievement from the Radio Television Digital News\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446228\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS Evening News\",\n \"text\": \"background on the news set (which had been used since the 2008 elections) was replaced by a replica of the globe fixture during the Cronkite era, and the James Horner theme was replaced by the 1987–91 theme composed by Trivers-Myers Music that was used during the Rather era. In his first 9 months in the anchor chair, Pelley gained an additional 821,000 viewers. CBS News also enjoyed increases in its audience for special news events. After election night, 2012, Variety wrote, \\\"With Scott Pelley front and center; the Eye was up 8% from four years ago.\\\" The CBS Evening News\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1598672\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"the CBS network coverage as violence and protests occurred outside the convention, as well as scuffles inside the convention hall. When Dan Rather was punched to the floor (on camera) by security personnel, Cronkite commented, \\\"I think we've got a bunch of thugs here, Dan.\\\" The first publicly transmitted live trans-Atlantic program was broadcast via the Telstar satellite on July 23, 1962, at 3:00 pm EDT, and Cronkite was one of the main presenters in this multinational broadcast. The broadcast was made possible in Europe by Eurovision and in North America by NBC, CBS, ABC, and the CBC. The first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446194\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS Evening News\",\n \"text\": \"interest stories, over time it returned to the hard news format popularized by Cronkite. In an April 2011 article, \\\"The New York Times\\\" reported that \\\"60 Minutes\\\" correspondent Scott Pelley was considered to be the front-runner to replace Couric as anchor of the program. On May 3, 2011, CBS confirmed that Pelley would replace Couric as anchor for the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" in June. Harry Smith served as the interim anchor until Pelley's tenure started on June 6, 2011 (like Couric before him, Smith would also depart from CBS a month later). The graphics were subtly updated, the American flag\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1598671\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"President, mentioning that it came from a reliable source. Before the network left KRLD's feed for good, Barker first announced, then retracted, a confirmation of Kennedy's death. CBS cut back to Cronkite reporting that one of the priests had administered last rites to the president. In the next few minutes, several more bulletins reporting that Kennedy had died were given to Cronkite, including one from CBS's own correspondent Dan Rather that had been reported as confirmation of Kennedy's demise by CBS Radio. As these bulletins came into the newsroom, it was becoming clearer that Kennedy had in fact lost his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446183\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"hands together on camera with a smile and uttering, \\\"Whew...boy\\\" on July 20, 1969, when the Apollo 11 lunar landing mission put the first men on the moon. According to the 2006 PBS documentary on Cronkite, there was \\\"nothing new\\\" in his reports on the Watergate affair; however, Cronkite brought together a wide range of reporting, and his credibility and status is credited by many with pushing the Watergate story to the forefront with the American public, ultimately resulting in the resignation of President Richard M. Nixon on August 9, 1974. Cronkite had anchored the CBS coverage of Nixon's address,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446197\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"2006. Cronkite's voiceover was notably not used on introducing the broadcast reporting his funeral – no voiceover was used on this occasion. Cronkite made a cameo appearance on a 1974 episode of \\\"The Mary Tyler Moore Show\\\", in which he met with Lou Grant in his office. Ted Baxter, who at first tried to convince Cronkite that he (Baxter) was as good a newsman as Eric Sevareid, pleaded with Cronkite to hire him for the network news, at least to give sport scores, and gave an example: \\\"The North Stars 3, the Kings Oh!\\\" Cronkite turned to Grant and said,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446212\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"the urging of his executive producer Ernest Leiser, Cronkite and Leiser journeyed to Vietnam to cover the aftermath of the Tet Offensive. They were invited to dine with General Creighton Abrams, the commander of all forces in Vietnam, whom Cronkite knew from World War II. According to Leiser, Abrams told Cronkite, \\\"we cannot win this Goddamned war, and we ought to find a dignified way out.\\\" Upon return, Cronkite and Leiser wrote separate editorial reports based on that trip. Cronkite, an excellent writer, preferred Leiser's text over his own. On February 27, 1968, Cronkite closed \\\"Report from Vietnam: Who, What,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446190\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"focusing on ham radio's part in helping various agencies respond to wildfires in the Western US during 2002, ham radio in space and the role Amateur Radio plays in emergency communications. \\\"Dozens of radio amateurs helped the police and fire departments and other emergency services maintain communications in New York, Pennsylvania and Washington, DC,\\\" narrator Cronkite intoned in reference to ham radio's response to the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Unusually, Cronkite was a Novice-class licensee—the entry level license—for his entire, and long, tenure in the hobby. On February 15, 2005, he went into the studio at CBS to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446209\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The Tonight Show\\\" hosted by Johnny Carson. The following night, Carson did a comic spoof of his on-air farewell address. As he had promised on his last show as anchor in 1981, Cronkite continued to broadcast occasionally as a special correspondent for CBS, CNN, and NPR into the 21st century; one such occasion was Cronkite anchoring the second space flight by John Glenn in 1998 as he had Glenn's first in 1962. In 1983, he reported on the British General Election for the ITV current affairs series \\\"World In Action\\\", interviewing, among many others, the victorious Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446203\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"events that alter and illuminate our times ... and you were there.\\\" In 1971, the show was revived and redesigned to attract an audience of teenagers and young adults, hosted again by Cronkite on Saturday mornings. In 1957, he began hosting \\\"The Twentieth Century\\\" (eventually renamed \\\"The 20th Century\\\"), a documentary series about important historical events of the century composed almost exclusively of newsreel footage and interviews. A long-running hit, the show was again renamed as \\\"The 21st Century\\\" in 1967 with Cronkite hosting speculative reporting on the future for another three years. Cronkite also hosted \\\"It's News to Me\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446168\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Dinosaur!\\\" on A&E (not related to the documentary of the same title hosted by Christopher Reeve on CBS six years earlier), and a 1994 follow-up series, \\\"Ape Man: The Story of Human Evolution\\\". In 1995, he narrated the World Liberty Concert held in the Netherlands. Cronkite routinely hosted the Kennedy Center Honors from 1981 to 2002. Cronkite appeared briefly in the 2005 dramatic documentary \\\"The American Ruling Class\\\" written by Lewis Lapham; the 2000 film \\\"Thirteen Days\\\" reporting on the Cuban Missile Crisis; and provided the opening synopsis of the American Space Program leading to the events in Apollo 13\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446214\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"correspondents, relieving Bill Downs as the head of the Moscow bureau. CBS offered Cronkite $125 ($2,189 in 2018 money) a week along with \\\"commercial fees\\\" amounting to $25 ($438 in 2018) for almost every time Cronkite reported on air. Up to that point, he had been making $57.50 ($1,006 in 2018) per week at UP, but he had reservations about broadcasting. He initially accepted the offer. When he informed his boss Harrison Salisbury, UP countered with a raise of $17.50 ($306 in 2018) per week; Hugh Baillie also offered him an extra $20 ($350 in 2018) per week to stay.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446163\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"Cronkite concluded that \\\"The failure to give free airtime for our political campaigns endangers our democracy.\\\" During the elections held in 2000, the amount spent by candidates in the major TV markets approached $1 billion. \\\"What our campaign asks is that the television industry yield just a tiny percentage of that windfall, less than 1 percent, to fund free airtime.\\\" He was a member of the Constitution Project's bipartisan Liberty and Security Committee. He also supported the nonprofit world hunger organization Heifer International. In 1998, he supported President Bill Clinton during Clinton's impeachment trial. He was also a proponent of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446217\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"2007–08 CBS News writers strike\",\n \"text\": \"2007–08 CBS News writers strike The 2007–2008 CBS News writers strike is a strike action by news writers working for the U.S.-based news broadcaster CBS News. The strike began on November 19, 2007. In addition to CBS News, CBS's locally owned and operated station news operations (including CBS Radio's news radio stations like WCBS, WBBM, KYW and KNX) have been without a contract with the network since April 2005. While most news writers are members of the American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, a labor union representing workers in the entertainment industry, CBS News and CBS-owned news station employees\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11346338\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News Weekend Roundup\",\n \"text\": \"CBS News Weekend Roundup The CBS News Weekend Roundup is a weekly news show that airs on the CBS Radio Network, designed for a one-hour time slot, though it has an actual length without commercials of about forty minutes. It reviews the previous week’s news and provides insights on possible future developments in the United States and the world. The show, produced Friday afternoons, also airs on CBS Radio affiliates on Saturdays and Sundays. It includes interviews with CBS News radio and TV correspondents and various newsmakers, compilations of reports through the week that have aired both on CBS-TV and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9013437\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"to confirm their suspicions). At 2:38 pm EST, while filling in time with some observations about the security presence in Dallas, which had been increased due to a disastrous visit by United Nations Ambassador Adlai Stevenson to the city earlier in 1963, Cronkite was handed a new bulletin. After looking it over for a moment, he took off his glasses, and made the official announcement: After making that announcement, Cronkite paused briefly, put his glasses back on, and swallowed hard to maintain his composure. With noticeable emotion in his voice he intoned the next sentence of the news report: With\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446186\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News Radio\",\n \"text\": \"in addition to local news, weather, video news and other information to radio and television stations, as well as traffic reporting services. The network is the oldest unit of the CBS Corporation and traces its roots to CBS's predecessor, United Independent Broadcasters, founded in 1927 with 47 affiliates. The next year, Columbia Records invested in the radio network, which was named the Columbia Phonographic Broadcasting System. Eventually, the record company pulled its backing from the struggling web. William S. Paley bought a half-interest in what became the Columbia Broadcasting System in 1928, and became its president. (In 1938, CBS bought\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6250783\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News\",\n \"text\": \"nights at 7:00 - 7:30PM UTC (Eastern Time) on CBS. CBSN is a 24-hour streaming news channel available from the CBS News website and launched on November, 4th 2014. The channel feature live news from 9am to midnight on weekdays. The channel makes all of the resources of CBS News available directly on digital platforms with live, anchored coverage 15 hours each week. It is a first for a U.S. 24-hour news channel to forgo cable and be available exclusively only on line and on smart devices such as smart TV's Apple TV, Roku, Amazon Fire and others. The Channel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2271961\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"added to the McCain-Feingold-Shays-Meehan Campaign Finance Reform Act of 2001 that would have required TV broadcast companies to provide free airtime to candidates. Cronkite criticized the present system of campaign finance which allows elections to \\\"be purchased\\\" by special interests, and he noted that all the European democracies \\\"provide their candidates with extensive free airtime.\\\" \\\"In fact,\\\" Cronkite pointed out, \\\"of all the major nations worldwide that profess to have democracies, only seven – just seven – do not offer free airtime\\\" This put the United States on a list with Ecuador, Honduras, Malaysia, Taiwan, Tanzania, and Trinidad and Tobago.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446216\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS Evening News\",\n \"text\": \"lead anchor position with NBC affiliate WKYC-TV in Cleveland, Ohio. The following year, Mitchell was replaced on the weekend editions by Jim Axelrod on Saturdays and Jeff Glor on Sundays. Weekend editions of the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" were periodically abbreviated or preempted outright due to CBS Sports programming. On May 2, 2016, CBS announced that the weekend editions of the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\", effective May 7, 2016, would be revamped as the \\\"CBS Weekend News\\\", whose Saturday and Sunday editions will be anchored by Reena Ninan and Elaine Quijano respectively (the Saturday edition doesn't air from September through mid December\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1598681\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"unsure about how much of an impact his editorial report had on Johnson's decision to drop his bid for re-election, and what eventually convinced him that the President had made the statement was Bill Moyers, fellow journalist and former aide to Johnson, telling him \\\"The president flipped off the set and said 'If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost Middle America.'\\\" Several weeks later, Johnson, who sought to preserve his legacy and was now convinced his declining health could not withstand growing public criticism, announced he would not seek reelection. During the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago, Cronkite was anchoring\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446193\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS Evening News\",\n \"text\": \"same period (since the 2010–11 season). \\\"Pelley has refocused the program towards hard news and away from the soft news and infotainment features of the early Katie Couric era. Story selection has focused more on foreign policy, Washington politics, and economic subjects. The program's audience viewership began to grow immediately, closing the gap between the \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" and its competitors by one million viewers within a year, although the CBS program remains in third place among the network evening newscasts. In late May 2016, a new theme tune composed by Joel Beckerman of Man Made Music was introduced. Later\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1598675\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"A Reporter's Life\\\", which was published in 1996. The taped memoirs became an integral part of an eight-part television series \\\"Cronkite Remembers\\\", which was shown on the Discovery Channel. As a newsman, Cronkite devoted his attention to the early days of the space program, and the \\\"space race\\\" between the United States and the Soviet Union. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration honored Cronkite on February 28, 2006. Michael Coats, director of NASA's Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center in Houston, presented Cronkite with the Ambassador of Exploration Award. Cronkite was the first non-astronaut thus honored. NASA presented Cronkite with a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446235\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"that Johnson did not see the original broadcast but also defended the allegation that Johnson had made the remark. According to Schieffer, Johnson's aide George Christian \\\"told me that the President apparently saw some clips of it the next day\\\" and that \\\"That's when he made the remark about Cronkite. But he knew then that it would take more than Americans were willing to give it.\\\" When asked about the remark during a 1979 interview, Christian claimed he had no recollection about what the President had said. In his 1996 memoir \\\"A Reporter's Life\\\", Cronkite claimed he was at first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446192\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News\",\n \"text\": \"from reports from the United Press, one of the three wire services that supplied newspapers with national and international news. In December 1930 CBS chief William S. Paley hired journalist Paul W. White away from United Press as CBS's news editor. Paley put the radio network's news operation at the same level as entertainment, and authorized White to interrupt programming if events warranted. Along with other networks, CBS chafed at the breaking news embargo imposed upon radio by the wire services, which prevented them from using bulletins until they first appeared in print. CBS disregarded an embargo when it broke\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2271952\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Walter Cronkite\",\n \"text\": \"he was shot. Barker relayed information that Kennedy's condition was extremely critical. Then, after a prayer for Kennedy, Barker quoted an unofficial report that the President was dead but stressed it was not confirmed. After several minutes, the coverage came back to the CBS newsroom where Cronkite reported that the President had been given blood transfusions and two priests had been called into the room. He also played an audio report from KRLD that someone had been arrested in the assassination attempt at the Texas School Book Depository. Back in Dallas Barker announced another report of the death of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1446182\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News controversies and criticism\",\n \"text\": \"CBS News controversies and criticism Throughout the years, numerous conservative activists have accused CBS News of perpetuating a liberal bias in its news coverage. The Media Research Center, a right-wing media watchdog group led by L. Brent Bozell, has been especially critical about what it has perceived to be unduly favorable coverage of liberal topics by CBS, especially during the tenure of \\\"CBS Evening News\\\" anchor Dan Rather. In his 2001 book \\\"\\\", former CBS correspondent Bernard Goldberg extensively criticized Rather's management of CBS News and what he claimed was Rather's combative efforts to skew the network's coverage. In 1964,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16866737\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"CBS News Weekend Roundup\",\n \"text\": \"the basis for the \\\"CBS World News Roundup,\\\" which airs mornings and evenings on the radio network, but the Sunday morning talk shows that are a staple of American TV. The \\\"Weekend Roundup\\\" is also a direct successor to the CBS Radio Network show \\\"Capital Ideas\\\", focusing on government and domestic news, which aired during the 1990s from Washington, D.C. and featured correspondents Rob Armstrong and John Hartge as well as Arenstein. CBS News Weekend Roundup The CBS News Weekend Roundup is a weekly news show that airs on the CBS Radio Network, designed for a one-hour time slot, though\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9013440\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["cronkite, walter leland, jr.","old ironpants","walter cronkite jr.","and that's the way it is","walter leland cronkite, jr.","walter conkrite","walter cronkite","walter l. cronkite jr.","walter leland cronkite","walter conkrite","walter leland cronkite jr.","walter kronkite"],"string":"[\n \"cronkite, walter leland, jr.\",\n \"old ironpants\",\n \"walter cronkite jr.\",\n \"and that's the way it is\",\n \"walter leland cronkite, jr.\",\n \"walter conkrite\",\n \"walter cronkite\",\n \"walter l. cronkite jr.\",\n \"walter leland cronkite\",\n \"walter conkrite\",\n \"walter leland cronkite jr.\",\n \"walter kronkite\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":87,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which item of clothing cost isadora duncan her life?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"Isadora Duncan Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877 or May 27, 1878 – September 14, 1927) was an American and French dancer who performed to acclaim throughout Europe. Born in California, she lived in Western Europe and the Soviet Union from the age of 22 until her death at age 50, when her scarf became entangled in the wheels and axle of the car in which she was riding. Isadora Duncan was born in San Francisco, the youngest of the four children of Joseph Charles Duncan (1819–1898), a banker, mining engineer and connoisseur of the arts, and Mary Isadora Gray","psg_id":"1398346"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"is also the subject of Amelia Gray's novel \"Isadora\" (2017). Two characters in the \"A Series of Unfortunate Events\" series of novels are named after her, Isadora Quagmire and Duncan Quagmire. Among the films featuring Duncan are: Ballets based on Duncan include: On the theatre stage, Duncan is portrayed in: Duncan is featured in music in: In the poem \"Fever 103\" by Sylvia Plath, the speaker alludes to Isadora's scarves. Archival collections Other Isadora Duncan Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877 or May 27, 1878 – September 14, 1927) was an American and French dancer who performed to acclaim throughout","psg_id":"1398374"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"how memorable it was, but what Zelda recalled was that while all eyes were watching Duncan, Zelda was able to steal the salt and pepper shakers from the table. In his book \"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\", Sewell Stokes, who met Duncan in the last years of her life, describes her extravagant waywardness. Duncan's autobiography \"My Life\" was published in 1927. The Australian composer Percy Grainger called Isadora's autobiography a \"life-enriching masterpiece.\" On the night of September 14, 1927, in Nice, France, Duncan was a passenger in an Amilcar CGSS automobile owned by Benoît Falchetto, a French-Italian mechanic. She wore a","psg_id":"1398366"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World","text":"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World is a BBC TV film based on the life of the American dancer Isadora Duncan first broadcast on 22 September 1966. The film was directed and produced by Ken Russell and written by Sewell Stokes and Russell. It starred Vivian Pickles and Peter Bowles. The film is a biopic of American dancer Isadora Duncan. Sewell Stokes became friendly with the dancer towards the very end of her life when she was penniless and alone. In 1928 he wrote a memoir of his conversations with","psg_id":"9368632"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World","text":"choreographed interpretations. Still, some might find the constant confrontations and shouting matches tiring. After all, Russell makes it clear that this was one artist who could have had it all had she just kept her mighty yap shut. Because she didn't, however, we see her downfall in all its brazen glory.\" Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World is a BBC TV film based on the life of the American dancer Isadora Duncan first broadcast on 22 September 1966. The film was directed and produced by Ken Russell and written by","psg_id":"9368634"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"(1849–1922). Her brothers were Augustin Duncan and Raymond Duncan; her sister, Elizabeth Duncan, was also a dancer. Soon after Isadora's birth, her father was exposed in illegal bank dealings, and the family became extremely poor. Her parents divorced when she was an infant, and her mother moved with her family to Oakland, California, where she worked as a seamstress and piano teacher. From ages six to ten, Isadora attended school, but she dropped out, finding it constricting. As her family was very poor, she and her three siblings earned money by teaching dance to local children. In 1896, Duncan became","psg_id":"1398347"},{"title":"Isadora (ballet)","text":"dance sequence entitled \"Five Brahms Waltzes in the Manner of Isadora Duncan\" for Lynn Seymour of the Royal Ballet, in which \"Ashton fused Duncan's style with an imprint of his own\"; Marie Rambert claimed after seeing it that it was exactly as she remembered Duncan dancing. The original score by Bennett was conducted by Barry Wordsworth. Isadora (ballet) Isadora is a ballet created for the Royal Ballet by Kenneth MacMillan to music by Richard Rodney Bennett, based on the life and dance of Isadora Duncan. In following the life of Isadora Duncan, the title role is taken jointly by a","psg_id":"18332698"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"having San Francisco rename an alley on the same block from Adelaide Place to Isadora Duncan Lane. In medicine, the Isadora Duncan Syndrome refers to injury or death consequent to entanglement of neckwear with a wheel or other machinery. Duncan has attracted literary and artistic attention from the 1920s to the present, in novels, film, ballet, theatre, music, and poetry. Duncan has been portrayed in novels including Aleister Crowley's \"Moonchild\" (as 'Lavinia King'), published in 1923, and Upton Sinclair's \"World's End\" (1940) and \"Between Two Worlds\" (1941), the first two novels in his Pulitzer Prize winning Lanny Budd series. She","psg_id":"1398373"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"Bugatti, a handsome Italian whom she has been admiring for several days. She goes for a drive with him in his sports car, and as they roar along a road by the sea, Isadora's long chiffon scarf catches in the spokes of a wheel and strangles her. Isadora Isadora (also known as The Loves of Isadora) is a 1968 biographical film which tells the story of celebrated American dancer Isadora Duncan. It stars Vanessa Redgrave, James Fox, and Jason Robards. The film was adapted by Melvyn Bragg, Margaret Drabble, and Clive Exton from the books \"My Life\" by Isadora and","psg_id":"1711700"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"Levien was also instrumental in furthering Duncan's work through the formation of the Duncan Dance Guild in the 1950s and the establishment of the Duncan Centenary Company in 1977. Another means by which Duncan's dance techniques were carried forth was in the formation of the Isadora Duncan Heritage Society, by Mignon Garland, who had been taught dance by two of Duncan's key students. Garland was such a fan that she later lived in a building erected at the same site and address as Duncan, attached a commemorative plaque near the entrance, which is still there . Garland also succeeded in","psg_id":"1398372"},{"title":"Isadora (ballet)","text":"Isadora (ballet) Isadora is a ballet created for the Royal Ballet by Kenneth MacMillan to music by Richard Rodney Bennett, based on the life and dance of Isadora Duncan. In following the life of Isadora Duncan, the title role is taken jointly by a ballerina and by an actress, whose spoken text is drawn from sections of the memoirs of Duncan. Following the initial run at Covent Garden and performances New York, the ballet was not seen until revised in consultation with MacMillan's widow, and revived by the company in 2009. The scenario in the ballet concentrates on the dramatic","psg_id":"18332696"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"magical name of 'Soror Virakam'; she also co-edited four numbers of Crowley's journal \"The Equinox\", and contributed several collaborative plays to the journal. Desti wrote a memoir of her experiences with Duncan that includes some autobiographical material. In 1911, the French fashion designer Paul Poiret rented a mansion—Pavillon du Butard in La Celle-Saint-Cloud—and threw lavish parties, including one of the more famous \"grandes fêtes\", \"La fête de Bacchus\" on June 20, 1912, re-creating the Bacchanalia hosted by Louis XIV at Versailles. Isadora Duncan, wearing a Greek evening gown designed by Poiret, danced on tables among 300 guests; 900 bottles of","psg_id":"1398354"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"Isadora Isadora (also known as The Loves of Isadora) is a 1968 biographical film which tells the story of celebrated American dancer Isadora Duncan. It stars Vanessa Redgrave, James Fox, and Jason Robards. The film was adapted by Melvyn Bragg, Margaret Drabble, and Clive Exton from the books \"My Life\" by Isadora and \"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\" by Sewell Stokes. It was directed by Karel Reisz. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress (Vanessa Redgrave). The film was also nominated for the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm) at the 1969 Cannes Film Festival, where Redgrave won Best Actress.","psg_id":"1711695"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World","text":"her, shortly after her death, entitled \"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\". Two years after the first broadcast of the TV film, Vanessa Redgrave played the role of Isadora Duncan in the big-screen biopic \"Isadora\". Russell's biographer Joseph Lanza believes that \"of all his television work, \"Isadora\" is his most accomplished\". It explores his \"ongoing theme of art being a thing of both glory and vulgarity\" Bill Gibron from DVD Talk gave the film a very good review and stated: \"Herself trained as a dancer, Pickles lights up the screen when she's onstage, Duncan's inflated ego disappearing into a series of carefully","psg_id":"9368633"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"British Museum. The earnings from these engagements enabled her to rent a studio, allowing her to develop her work and create larger performances for the stage. From London, she traveled to Paris, where she was inspired by the Louvre and the Exposition Universelle of 1900. In 1902, Loie Fuller invited Duncan to tour with her. This took Duncan all over Europe as she created new works using her innovative technique, which emphasized natural movement in contrast to the rigidity of tradition ballet. She spent most of the rest of her life touring Europe and the Americas in this fashion. Despite","psg_id":"1398350"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"In 1927, Isadora Duncan has become a legend as the innovator of modern dance, a temperamental bohemian, and an outspoken advocate of free love. Now past 40, she lives in poverty in a small hotel on the French Riviera with her companion Mary Estelle Dempsey/Mary Desti (named only as Mary in the film) and her secretary Roger, to whom she is dictating her memoirs. As a young girl in California, Isadora first demonstrates her disdain for accepted social standards by burning her parents' marriage certificate and pledging her dedication to the pursuit of art and beauty. In 1896, she performs","psg_id":"1711696"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"expression of the human spirit through the medium of the body's movement.\" She believed dance was meant to encircle all that life had to offer—joy and sadness. Duncan took inspiration from ancient Greece and combined it with an American love of freedom. Her movement was feminine and arose from the deepest feelings in her body. This is exemplified in her revolutionary costume of a white Greek tunic and bare feet. Inspired by Greek forms, her tunics also allowed a freedom of movement that corseted ballet costumes and pointe shoes did not. Costumes were not the only inspiration Duncan took from","psg_id":"1398359"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"title of the creator of modern dance. In both professional and private life, Duncan flouted traditional mores and morality. She was bisexual and an atheist, and alluded to her communism during her last United States tour, in 1922–23: she waved a red scarf and bared her breast on stage in Boston, proclaiming, \"This is red! So am I!\" Duncan bore two children, both out of wedlock. The first, Deirdre Beatrice (born September 24, 1906), by theatre designer Gordon Craig, and the second, Patrick Augustus (born May 1, 1910), by Paris Singer, one of the many sons of sewing machine magnate","psg_id":"1398361"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"Greece: she was also inspired by ancient Greek art, and utilized some of its forms in her movement (see image). Duncan wrote of American dancing: \"let them come forth with great strides, leaps and bounds, with lifted forehead and far-spread arms, to dance.\" Her focus on natural movement emphasized steps, such as skipping, outside of codified ballet technique. Duncan also cited the sea as an early inspiration for her movement. Also, she believed movement originated from the solar plexus, which she thought was the source of all movement. It is this philosophy and new dance technique that garnered Duncan the","psg_id":"1398360"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. On the headstone of her grave is inscribed \"École du Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris\" (\"Ballet School of the Opera of Paris\"). Duncan is known as \"The Mother of Dance\". While her schools in Europe did not last long, Duncan's work had impact in the art and her style is still danced based upon the instruction of Maria-Theresa Duncan, Anna Duncan, and Irma Duncan, three of her six adopted daughters. The adoption process was never verified, but all six of Isadora's dancers did change their last name to Duncan. Through her sister, Elizabeth, Duncan's","psg_id":"1398370"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"the northeast corner of 23rd Street and Fourth Avenue (now Park Avenue South). Otto Kahn, the head of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., gave Duncan use of the very modern Century Theatre at West 60th Street and Central Park West for her performances and productions, which included a staging of \"Oedipus Rex\" that involved almost all of Duncan's extended entourage and friends. During her time in New York, Duncan posed for a number of studies by the photographer Arnold Genthe. Duncan had been due to leave the United States in 1915 aboard the RMS \"Lusitania\" on its ill-fated voyage, but historians","psg_id":"1398356"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"Maria-Theresa, Irma, Liesel, Gretel, and Erika), Duncan's protégées who would continue her legacy. Duncan legally adopted all six girls in 1919, and they took her last name. After about a decade in Berlin, Duncan established a school in Paris that was shortly closed because of the outbreak of World War I. In 1910, Duncan met the occultist Aleister Crowley at a party—an episode recounted by Crowley in his \"Confessions\". He refers to Duncan as 'Lavinia King', and would use the same invented name for her in his novel \"Moonchild\". Crowley wrote of Duncan that she \"has this gift of gesture","psg_id":"1398352"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"considered this embarrassing, as it suggested that she and Falchetto were going to her hotel for a tryst. Her silk scarf, draped around her neck, became entangled around the open-spoked wheels and rear axle, pulling her from the open car and breaking her neck. Desti said she called out to warn Duncan about the scarf almost immediately after the car left. Desti brought Duncan to the hospital, where she was pronounced dead. As \"The New York Times\" noted in its obituary, Duncan \"met a tragic death at Nice on the Riviera.\" \"According to dispatches from Nice, Duncan was hurled in","psg_id":"1398368"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"an extraordinary manner from an open automobile in which she was riding and instantly killed by the force of her fall to the stone pavement.\" Other sources noted that she was almost decapitated by the sudden tightening of the scarf around her neck. The accident gave rise to Gertrude Stein's mordant remark that \"affectations can be dangerous\". At the time of her death, Duncan was a Soviet citizen. Her will was the first of a Soviet citizen's to be probated in the U.S. Duncan was cremated, and her ashes were placed next to those of her children in the columbarium","psg_id":"1398369"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"financial woes, scandalous love life and all-too-frequent public drunkenness as for her contributions to the arts. She spent her final years moving between Paris and the Mediterranean, running up debts at hotels. She spent short periods in apartments rented on her behalf by a decreasing number of friends and supporters, many of whom attempted to assist her in writing an autobiography. They hoped it might be successful enough to support her. In a reminiscent sketch, Zelda Fitzgerald wrote how she and F. Scott Fitzgerald, her husband, sat in a Paris cafe watching a somewhat drunk Duncan. He would speak of","psg_id":"1398365"},{"title":"Raymond Duncan","text":"Raymond Duncan Raymond Duncan (November 1, 1874, San Francisco, California – August 14, 1966, Cavalaire-sur-Mer, France) was an American dancer, artist, poet, craftsman, and philosopher, and brother of dancer Isadora Duncan. Born in San Francisco on November 1, 1874, Raymond Duncan was the third of the four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, the youngest daughter of Thomas Gray, a California state senator. Their other children were Elizabeth, Augustin, and Isadora, a noted dancer, In 1891, at the age of 17, he developed a theory of movement which he called kinematics, \"a remarkable synthesis of","psg_id":"12040981"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"an enormous estate for her to open a School for Life, where only beauty and simplicity are taught. Following the birth of a son, Isadora returns to England with Singer but becomes bored with her quiet life and enters into an affair with her pianist, Armand. A short time later, both of her children are drowned when their chauffeur-driven car plunges off a bridge into the Seine. Broken by the tragedy, Isadora leaves Singer and wanders about Europe until in 1921 she receives an offer to open a dancing school in the Soviet Union. Unaffected by the country's poverty, she","psg_id":"1711698"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"champagne were consumed until the first light of day. Duncan, said to have posed for the photographer Eadweard Muybridge, placed an emphasis on \"evolutionary\" dance motion, insisting that each movement was born from the one that preceded it, that each movement gave rise to the next, and so on in organic succession. Her dancing defined the force of progress, change, abstraction and liberation. In France, as elsewhere, Duncan delighted her audience. In 1914, Duncan moved to the United States and transferred her school there. A townhouse on Gramercy Park was provided for its use, and its studio was nearby, on","psg_id":"1398355"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"Isaac Singer. Both children drowned in the care of their nanny in 1913 when their runaway car went into the Seine. Following the accident, Duncan spent several months recuperating in Corfu with her brother and sister. She then spent several weeks at the Viareggio seaside resort with the actress Eleonora Duse. The fact that Duse had just left a relationship with the rebellious and epicene young feminist Lina Poletti fueled speculation as to the nature of Duncan and Duse's relationship, but there has never been any indication that the two were involved romantically. In her autobiography, Duncan relates that she","psg_id":"1398362"},{"title":"Rachel Isadora","text":"Williams and debuted by BalletRox in 2009. Rachel Isadora Rachel Isadora (born 1953) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books. She is most famous for \"Ben's Trumpet\" (runner-up for the 1980 Caldecott Medal, or Caldecott Honor Book), which has been adapted to video and was also translated into a ballet by the Boston ballet company BalletRox in 2009. The more than 150 children's books Isadora has written and illustrated span a wide variety of topics, including ballet and dance, American urban culture and family life, life in Africa, and traditional fairy tales. Isadora was a","psg_id":"17670127"},{"title":"Rachel Isadora","text":"Rachel Isadora Rachel Isadora (born 1953) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books. She is most famous for \"Ben's Trumpet\" (runner-up for the 1980 Caldecott Medal, or Caldecott Honor Book), which has been adapted to video and was also translated into a ballet by the Boston ballet company BalletRox in 2009. The more than 150 children's books Isadora has written and illustrated span a wide variety of topics, including ballet and dance, American urban culture and family life, life in Africa, and traditional fairy tales. Isadora was a professional ballet dancer before an injury led","psg_id":"17670124"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"mixed reaction from critics, Duncan became quite popular for her distinct style and inspired many visual artists, such as Antoine Bourdelle, Auguste Rodin, Arnold Ronnebeck, and Abraham Walkowitz, to create works based on her. Duncan disliked the commercial aspects of public performance, such as touring and contracts, because she felt they distracted her from her real mission: the creation of beauty and the education of the young. To achieve her mission, she opened schools to teach young women her philosophy of dance. The first was established in 1904 in Berlin-Grunewald, Germany. This institution was the birthplace of the \"Isadorables\" (Anna,","psg_id":"1398351"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"believe her financial situation at the time drove her to choose a more modest crossing. In 1921, Duncan's leftist sympathies took her to the Soviet Union, where she founded a school in Moscow. However, the Soviet government's failure to follow through on promises to support her work caused her to return to the West and leave the school to her protégée Irma. In 1924, Duncan composed a dance routine called \"Varshavianka\" to the tune of the Polish revolutionary song known in English as \"Whirlwinds of Danger\". Breaking with convention, Duncan imagined she had traced dance to its roots as a","psg_id":"1398357"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"approach was adopted by Jarmila Jeřábková from Prague where her legacy persists. By 1913 she was already being celebrated. When the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées was built, Duncan's likeness was carved in its \"bas-relief\" over the entrance by sculptor Antoine Bourdelle and included in painted murals of the nine muses by Maurice Denis in the auditorium. In 1987, she was inducted into the National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame. Anna, Lisa, Theresa and Irma, pupils of Isadora Duncan's first school, carried on the aesthetic and pedagogical principles of Isadora's work in New York and Paris. Choreographer and dancer Julia","psg_id":"1398371"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"any pretty thing that came into [her] head\". A desire to travel brought her to Chicago, where she auditioned for many theater companies, finally finding a place in Augustin Daly's company. This took her to New York City where her unique vision of dance clashed with the popular pantomimes of theater companies. In New York, Duncan took some classes with Marie Bonfanti but was quickly disappointed in ballet routine. Feeling unhappy and unappreciated in America, Duncan moved to London in 1898. She performed in the drawing rooms of the wealthy, taking inspiration from the Greek vases and bas-reliefs in the","psg_id":"1398349"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"begged a young Italian stranger, the sculptor Romano Romanelli, to sleep with her because she was desperate for another baby. She became pregnant by him, and gave birth to a son on August 13, 1914; the infant died shortly after birth. In 1921, after the end of the Russian Revolution, Duncan moved to Moscow where she met the acclaimed poet Sergei Yesenin, who was 18 years her junior. On May 2, 1922, they married, and Yesenin accompanied her on a tour of Europe and the United States. However, the marriage was brief, and in May 1923 he left Duncan and","psg_id":"1398363"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"part of Augustin Daly's theater company in New York, but she soon became disillusioned with the form and craved a different environment with less of a hierarchy. Her father, along with his third wife and their daughter, died in 1898 when the British passenger steamer SS \"Mohegan\" ran aground off the coast of Cornwall. Duncan began her dancing career at a very early age by giving lessons in her home to neighbourhood children, and this continued through her teenage years. Her novel approach to dance was evident in these early classes, in which she \"followed [her] fantasy and improvised, teaching","psg_id":"1398348"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"in a very high degree. Let the reader study her dancing, if possible in private than in public, and learn the superb 'unconsciousness'—which is magical consciousness—with which she suits the action to the melody.\" Crowley was, in fact, more attracted to Duncan's bohemian companion Mary Dempsey ( Mary D'Este or Desti), with whom he had an affair. Desti had come to Paris in 1901 where she soon met Duncan, and the two became inseparable. Desti also appeared in \"Moonchild\", as 'Lisa la Giuffria'. She joined Crowley's occult order, helping him to write his magnum opus \"Magick (Book 4)\" under her","psg_id":"1398353"},{"title":"Augustin Duncan","text":"last appearance as the Father in \"Lute Song \"in 1946. His son Angus was Executive Director of Actors' Equity Association from 1952 – 1972. Augustin Duncan Augustin Duncan (April 17, 1873, San Francisco – 1954, New York City) was a U.S. actor and director active in New York and London during the first half of the 20th century. The eldest boy of four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, he was the brother of Isadora Duncan, Raymond Duncan and Elizabeth Duncan (1871-1948). Augustin Duncan made his stage debut in 1893 in San Francisco, and toured","psg_id":"15593504"},{"title":"Augustin Duncan","text":"Augustin Duncan Augustin Duncan (April 17, 1873, San Francisco – 1954, New York City) was a U.S. actor and director active in New York and London during the first half of the 20th century. The eldest boy of four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, he was the brother of Isadora Duncan, Raymond Duncan and Elizabeth Duncan (1871-1948). Augustin Duncan made his stage debut in 1893 in San Francisco, and toured for seven years before appearing in New York in 1900, then continuing in roles in New York and London. In 1919 he was a","psg_id":"15593502"},{"title":"Isadora Bennett","text":"Isadora Bennett Isadora Bennett (July 21, 1900 – February 8, 1980) was a publicity agent for modern dance theatre. Her work has been considered significant for establishing modern dance. Her clients included Martha Graham, José Limón, José Greco, American Ballet Theatre, Royal Danish Ballet, Joffrey Ballet. Born to Clarence and Catherine Bennett, actors, she went with her parents on tour as a young child. At age 5, she moved in with an aunt in Springfield, Illinois. She took an early interest in the literary life, and there she befriended Vachel Lindsay and Edgar Lee Masters. At age 14, she received","psg_id":"18552800"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"returned to Moscow. Two years later, on December 28, 1925, Yesenin was found dead in his room in the Hotel Angleterre in St Petersburg in an apparent suicide. Duncan had a relationship with the poet and playwright Mercedes de Acosta, as documented in numerous revealing letters they wrote to each other. In one, Duncan wrote, \"Mercedes, lead me with your little strong hands and I will follow you – to the top of a mountain. To the end of the world. Wherever you wish.\" By the late 1920s, Duncan's performing career had dwindled, and she became as notorious for her","psg_id":"1398364"},{"title":"Isadora (ballet)","text":"events in Duncan's personal life and her relationships with four of her partners. The first performance of \"Isadora\" was at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden on 30 April 1981 with Merle Park in the title role. Designs were by Barry Kay. The ballet was featured in the 50th anniversary BBC programme 'Right Royal Company', in May 1981 and was filmed by Granada Television with the original cast and broadcast in 1982, subsequently being issued on DVD in 2011 by Odeon Entertainment, as the accompaniment to the 1968 feature film \"Isadora\". In 1976 Frederick Ashton had created a short solo","psg_id":"18332697"},{"title":"Sewell Stokes","text":"Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World, with director Ken Russell. Starring Vivian Pickles and Peter Bowles, the film was first broadcast on 22 September 1966. In 1968 his memoir of Duncan, together with her autobiography, \"My Life\", were adapted by Melvyn Bragg for the film \"Isadora\" (US title: \"The Loves of Isadora\"), directed by Karel Reisz and starring Vanessa Redgrave and James Fox. In his 1954 novel \"Recital in Paris\" the character of Sarah Menken was substantially modelled on that of Isadora Duncan. Stokes, together with Christine Jope-Slade, wrote the play \"Britannia of Billingsgate\", which was produced by A.","psg_id":"9356891"},{"title":"Rachel Isadora","text":"to a change of careers. In addition to freelance writing and illustration, Isadora shows and sells oil paintings, many of which reflect her love of dance, as well as her experiences living in Africa and New York City. Isadora started dancing as a toddler and went on to study at the School of American Ballet on a scholarship from the Ford Foundation. She briefly danced with the Boston Ballet Company, until a foot injury caused her to seek work as a visual artist instead. Her first book, \"Max\", is about a boy who realizes that taking ballet can help him","psg_id":"17670125"},{"title":"Isadora Duncan","text":"long, flowing, hand-painted silk scarf, created by the Russian-born artist Roman Chatov, a gift from her friend Mary Desti, the mother of American film director Preston Sturges. Desti, who saw Duncan off, had asked her to wear a cape in the open-air vehicle because of the cold weather, but she would only agree to wear the scarf. As they departed, she reportedly said to Desti and some companions, \"\" (\"Farewell, my friends. I go to glory!\"); but according to the American novelist Glenway Wescott, Desti later told him that Duncan's actual parting words were, (\"I am off to love\"). Desti","psg_id":"1398367"},{"title":"Isadora Williams","text":"Isadora Williams Isadora Marie Williams (born 8 February 1996) is a Brazilian-American figure skater. She has won five senior international medals, including bronze at the 2012 Golden Spin of Zagreb and gold at the 2017 Sofia Trophy. She has represented Brazil at the 2014 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Olympics. Williams was born in Marietta, Georgia. Isadora was raised in the suburbs of Washington, DC. She has Brazilian citizenship through her mother, who is from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, and also lived in Brazil for two years as a child. Isadora Williams also has a very large family that","psg_id":"14318818"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"develops a strong rapport with the peasantry and has a passionate affair with Sergei Essenin, a volatile poet whom she marries so that he can obtain a visa to accompany her to the United States. Essenin's outrageous behaviour turns a press conference into a shambles, however, and US anti-Bolshevist sentiment turns to open hostility when Isadora bares her breasts during a dance recital in Boston. Following the disintegration of her marriage, she returns to Nice to write her memoirs. Impulsively selling her possessions to open a new school in Paris, Isadora goes to a local cafe to celebrate and spots","psg_id":"1711699"},{"title":"Whole-life cost","text":"Whole-life cost Whole-life cost, or Life-cycle cost (LCC), refers to the total cost of ownership over the life of an asset. Also commonly referred to as \"cradle to grave\" or \"womb to tomb\" costs. Costs considered include the financial cost which is relatively simple to calculate and also the environmental and social costs which are more difficult to quantify and assign numerical values. Typical areas of expenditure which are included in calculating the whole-life cost include planning, design, construction and acquisition, operations, maintenance, renewal and rehabilitation, depreciation and cost of finance and replacement or disposal. Whole-life cost analysis is often","psg_id":"11876534"},{"title":"Isadora Cerullo","text":"Enloe High School alumni]] Isadora Cerullo Isadora Cerullo (born March 24, 1991) is a Brazilian-American rugby sevens player. Cerullo was raised in Raleigh, North Carolina. Her parents immigrated to the United States from Brazil in the last years of the country’s military dictatorship which lasted from 1964 to 1985. She is one of four children and a triplet, with two brothers the same age and one older brother. She is a dual citizen of the United States and Brazil. Cerullo graduated in 2009 from William G. Enloe High School, where she was a member of the varsity soccer and cross","psg_id":"19632049"},{"title":"Isadora Cerullo","text":"Isadora Cerullo Isadora Cerullo (born March 24, 1991) is a Brazilian-American rugby sevens player. Cerullo was raised in Raleigh, North Carolina. Her parents immigrated to the United States from Brazil in the last years of the country’s military dictatorship which lasted from 1964 to 1985. She is one of four children and a triplet, with two brothers the same age and one older brother. She is a dual citizen of the United States and Brazil. Cerullo graduated in 2009 from William G. Enloe High School, where she was a member of the varsity soccer and cross country teams. She went","psg_id":"19632045"},{"title":"Isadora Newman","text":"In 1926, the Serbian government recognized her efforts on behalf of war orphans. Isadora Newman Isadora Newman (born April 23, 1878, died 1955) was an American artist, poet, writer, playwright and storyteller. She was born and raised in New Orleans and her work reflected the influences of her youth, particularly the African American and Creole culture of New Orleans. Born Miriam Dorothy Newman, Newman was the daughter of Rebecca (Kiefer) and Isidore Newman, a New Orleans banker and businessman who later became known for his philanthropy. The Isidore Newman School in New Orelans was named for him in 1913. He","psg_id":"20616281"},{"title":"IsaDora cosmetics","text":"part of companies Eurovision campaign was \"Big Bold Mascara\", \"Wonder Nail\" and \"Cream Mousse Eye Shadow\". IsaDora also hosted their own Eurovision event with appearances from the participants of the contest. In May 2013, IsaDora cosmetics launched its products in the UAE. IsaDora cosmetics IsaDora cosmetics is a Swedish cosmetics brand established in 1983 by the company Swedish INVIMA AB, located in Malmö. IsaDora's first beauty line appeared in Swedish stores in November 1983, and by 1984 IsaDora exported its products to Norway and the rest of Scandinavia. IsaDora has also expanded into the US market and was sold in","psg_id":"17532881"},{"title":"Isadora Bennett","text":"McCarter Theatre in Princeton, and arranged to have Broadway bound shows premiere there. She published occasional essays on dance for the general public under the pseudonym Weylan Morgan. She retired in 1972. Isadora Bennett Isadora Bennett (July 21, 1900 – February 8, 1980) was a publicity agent for modern dance theatre. Her work has been considered significant for establishing modern dance. Her clients included Martha Graham, José Limón, José Greco, American Ballet Theatre, Royal Danish Ballet, Joffrey Ballet. Born to Clarence and Catherine Bennett, actors, she went with her parents on tour as a young child. At age 5, she","psg_id":"18552802"},{"title":"Raymond Duncan","text":"the movements of labor and of daily life.\" He believed that the importance of labor was the development of the worker, not production or earnings. In 1898 he and his family left America and lived for a time in London, Berlin, Athens, and Paris. In 1900 he met the German poet Gusto Graeser in Paris and was deeply impressed by his ideas of natural and simple life. Duncan's theory of movement led him to work particularly closely with his sister Isadora, a noted dancer. Duncan became particularly fond of Greece; he and his Greek wife, Penelope Sikelianos, lived in a","psg_id":"12040982"},{"title":"Isadora Newman","text":"Isadora Newman Isadora Newman (born April 23, 1878, died 1955) was an American artist, poet, writer, playwright and storyteller. She was born and raised in New Orleans and her work reflected the influences of her youth, particularly the African American and Creole culture of New Orleans. Born Miriam Dorothy Newman, Newman was the daughter of Rebecca (Kiefer) and Isidore Newman, a New Orleans banker and businessman who later became known for his philanthropy. The Isidore Newman School in New Orelans was named for him in 1913. He was active in the New Orleans Jewish community, where he was also a","psg_id":"20616278"},{"title":"IsaDora cosmetics","text":"IsaDora cosmetics IsaDora cosmetics is a Swedish cosmetics brand established in 1983 by the company Swedish INVIMA AB, located in Malmö. IsaDora's first beauty line appeared in Swedish stores in November 1983, and by 1984 IsaDora exported its products to Norway and the rest of Scandinavia. IsaDora has also expanded into the US market and was sold in Walgreens stores in the United States from 2003 until 2008. It is also sold in the United Kingdom. It was one of the sponsors and partners of the Eurovision Song Contest 2013. Part of the IsaDora sortiment that appeared on posters as","psg_id":"17532880"},{"title":"Isadora Records","text":"Isadora Records Isadora Records is an independent record label started and operated by Hawksley Workman. The first album released was Workman's own debut, \"For Him and the Girls\", in 1999. The label has been releasing albums online since 2004. Isadora's earlier releases were manufactured and distributed by Universal Music, but more recently they have been distributed by Warner Music in Canada, Sheer Music in the US, and Alternative Distribution Alliance in other markets. The company's logo, a nude silhouette, was designed by Workman's mother, artist Beverly Hawksley. The name \"Isadora\" originated with a publicity campaign in which Workman published love","psg_id":"7727545"},{"title":"Raymond Duncan","text":"printing press was featured in an interview at the academy for a 1955 documentary by Orson Welles, \"Around the World with Orson Welles: St.-Germain-des-Prés\".Nouec Vihan At the age of 73, he proposed creating the city of \"New Paris York\" at latitude 45N, longitude 36W (in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean) as a symbol of cooperation and inter-cultural communication. Raymond Duncan Raymond Duncan (November 1, 1874, San Francisco, California – August 14, 1966, Cavalaire-sur-Mer, France) was an American dancer, artist, poet, craftsman, and philosopher, and brother of dancer Isadora Duncan. Born in San Francisco on November 1, 1874, Raymond Duncan","psg_id":"12040986"},{"title":"Isadora Records","text":"letters, and classified ads in \"Now\" magazine, to the fictitious Isadora, an idealized lover. The letters eventually formed the book \"Hawksley Burns for Isadora\", from Gutter Press in Toronto. Isadora's recording artists have included Hawksley Workman and Serena Ryder. Isadora Records Isadora Records is an independent record label started and operated by Hawksley Workman. The first album released was Workman's own debut, \"For Him and the Girls\", in 1999. The label has been releasing albums online since 2004. Isadora's earlier releases were manufactured and distributed by Universal Music, but more recently they have been distributed by Warner Music in Canada,","psg_id":"7727546"},{"title":"Magic Item Compendium","text":"Magic Item Compendium The Magic Item Compendium is a book written for the 3.5 edition of the \"Dungeons & Dragons\" fantasy role-playing game. The \"Magic Item Compendium\" contains over a thousand magic items used in \"Dungeons & Dragons\". The book contains new items as well as items previously appearing in 3rd edition books, including the \"Arms and Equipment Guide\", \"Magic of Faerûn\", and \"Complete Divine\", updated as necessary for version 3.5. The book classifies the items according to four broad categories: Armor (chapter one), Weapons (chapter two), Clothing (chapter three), and Tools (chapter four). Clothing refers to any non-armor item","psg_id":"10008835"},{"title":"Isadora Newman","text":"in 1926, under the name Isadora Newman, which became her \"nom de plume\". The book was praised both in the U.S. and in translation abroad, and was followed by a poetry collection, \"Shades of Blue\", in 1927, two books of folk tales in German in 1930, and a play, \"Granny’s Garden\", first produced in 1931. She painted, primarily watercolors, and studied sculpture in France. She received a degree from La Horde Society. Her work was regularly exhibited at galleries in New York, Louisiana, as well as in European galleries. Apart from her artistic endeavors, Newman was recognized for her philanthropy.","psg_id":"20616280"},{"title":"Ruff (clothing)","text":"of the Constitutional Court of Italy wear a robe with an elementar ruff in the neck. Underground artist Klaus Nomi used a ruff as part of his concert attire toward the end of his life, both to complement the Renaissance-era music he focused on during his late career, and to hide the Kaposi's sarcoma lesions on his neck. In the twentieth century, the ruff inspired the name of the Elizabethan collar for animals. Ruff (clothing) A ruff is an item of clothing worn in Western Europe from the mid-sixteenth century to the mid-seventeenth century. The ruff, which was worn by","psg_id":"5457634"},{"title":"Isadora","text":"under the name of Peppy Dora in a rowdy music hall in Chicago and publicly embarrasses the theatre manager into paying her $300 so that she can take her family to England. Modeling her free-form style of dance and costume after Greek classicism, she rapidly acquires international acclaim. In Berlin, she meets her first love, Gordon Craig, a young stage designer who promises her that together they will create a new world of theatre. After bearing the already-married Craig a daughter, Isadora moves to Paris and meets Paris Singer, a millionaire who lavishes gifts upon her and later buys her","psg_id":"1711697"},{"title":"Sewell Stokes","text":"job in 1918 was as a book reviewer and gossip writer with \"The Sunday Times\" in London. Three years later, he became assistant editor for \"T.P.'s Weekly\", a radical newspaper founded in 1902 by the Irish journalist and member of parliament Thomas Power O'Connor. The author became friendly with the American dancer Isadora Duncan towards the very end of her life, when she was penniless and alone, and in 1928, shortly after her death, wrote a memoir of his conversations with her entitled \"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\". Years later, he co-wrote the film script for the BBC TV film, Isadora","psg_id":"9356890"},{"title":"Cost database","text":"Company, Cost Data Online (Richardson Estimating Standards), Frank R. Walker Company, BNI Building News, and Design & Construction Resources. The cost database may be stored in relational database management system, which may be in either an open or proprietary format, serving the data to the cost estimating software. The cost database may be hosted in the cloud. Estimators use a cost database to store data in structured way which is easy to manage and retrieve. The most basic element of a cost estimate and therefore the cost database is the estimate line item or work item. An example is \"Concrete,","psg_id":"16941554"},{"title":"Item number","text":"Khan performed an item number of sorts during the opening credits of \"Kaal\" but later had an item number in a truer sense of the word with \"Dard-e-Disco\" in \"Om Shanti Om\", where he was shot in a more typical \"item girl\" manner, with Khan wearing minimal clothing (though this number did have a connection, albeit tenuous, with the plot of the film). In \"Krazzy 4\", Hrithik Roshan has an item number during the end credits. Ranbir Kapoor made his debut in an item number in \"Chillar Party\" (2011); drawing inspiration from Rishi Kapoor's Qawwali song \"Parda\" from \"Amar Akbar","psg_id":"5112513"},{"title":"Traditional clothing of Kosovo","text":"the neck were embroidered with threads of black cord. Women also used to wear fur which was seldom that of sheep and known as 'gala'. It was a sleeveless item of clothing. \"Tëlinat\" remained mostly the same, except of the \"kamzave\" which were pieces of thicker material and covered the knees. They were usually decorated with different kinds of embroidery. Socks were made out of thick woolen sheep thread and were embellished along the pulps. These embellishments differentiated due to age. Traditional clothing of women consisted of a lot of accessories, such as earrings, bracelets and rings. Elderly women's clothing","psg_id":"17118430"},{"title":"English medieval clothing","text":"unfair discontinuity in the rules; lower class citizens could never wear an item designated for the upper class, whereas the upper class could wear anything that suited them. For example, wives and daughters of servants were not to wear veils that cost more than twelve cents. The English sumptuary acts of 1463 go into explicit detail about clothing items which were reserved for those below the king's status, putting restrictions on coat length and shoe height. In this legislation, the intention was to prevent men from acting as if they were from a higher class by way of how they","psg_id":"13283056"},{"title":"Whole-life cost","text":"years, in reality it will possibly perform well beyond this design life. For assets like these a balanced view between maintenance strategies and renewal/rehabilitation is required. The appropriateness of the maintenance strategy must be questioned, the point of intervention for renewal must be challenged. The process requires proactive assessment which must be based on the performance expected of the asset, the consequences and probabilities of failures occurring, and the level of expenditure in maintenance to keep the service available and to avert disaster. Whole-life cost is often referred to as \"total cost of ownership (TCO)\" when applied to IT hardware","psg_id":"11876541"},{"title":"Whole-life cost","text":"be a worthwhile investment. Other issues which influence the lifecycle costs of an asset include: Although the general approach to determining whole-life costs is common to most types of asset, each asset will have specific issues to be considered and the detail of the assessment needs to be tailored to the importance and value of the asset. High cost assets (and asset systems) will likely have more detail, as will critical assets and asset systems. Maintenance expenditure can account for many times the initial cost of the asset. Although an asset may be constructed with a design life of 30","psg_id":"11876540"},{"title":"Magic Item Compendium","text":"and shields have an additional \"item slot\" of their own to allow players to customize their weapons for situational benefits without drastically adding to the cost of the item. A revised magic item upgrade system is included, which separates miscellaneous powers (such as continuous and charge or per-day spell effects) from standard bonuses. These bonuses are now quickly added to any appropriate item without the \"additional powers\" multiplier. This has a number of benefits: first of all, players typically get magic items at a rather low level and then upgrade them with ability bonuses. Any item looted during later levels,","psg_id":"10008839"},{"title":"Lois Duncan","text":"said that her \"dream is to write a sequel to \"Who Killed My Daughter?\" to give our family's true life horror story a closure. Of course, for that to be possible, Kait's case must be solved.\" Duncan also founded a research centre to help investigate cold cases, which later became the nonprofit Resource Center for Victims of Violent Deaths. After Kait's death, Duncan began writing children's picture books, saying that she could no longer write about young women in life-threatening situations. On June 15, 2016, at the age of 82, Duncan died at her home in Bradenton, Florida of undisclosed","psg_id":"7130159"},{"title":"Traditional clothing of Kosovo","text":"such as earrings, bracelets, rings, necklaces and clasps. \"Veshja me dimi\" consists of \"pështjellak\", made out of fur which is the most important item of the apparel and a shirt which is made out of silk or cotton fabric. Traditional clothing of Kosovo Traditional clothing (folk costume) is one of the factors that has differentiated this nation from neighboring countries, dating back as far as the Illyrian era. The evolution this attire has undergone, has been in service of modernization and contemporary style, however, the fundamental symbols and motives by which these garments are designed tend to resemble Illyrian antiquity.","psg_id":"17118443"},{"title":"Life-cycle cost analysis","text":"Costing, or just Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), generally has a broader scope, including environmental costs. To help building and facility managers make sound decisions, the US Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) provides guidance and resources on applying LCCA that permits the cost-effectiveness of energy and water efficiency investments to be evaluated (see NIST Handbook 135). This document includes an introduction to LCCA. Life cycle cost can be conducted in two approaches: deterministic and probabilistic method. Life-cycle cost analysis Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a tool to determine the most cost-effective option among different competing alternatives to purchase, own, operate, maintain","psg_id":"824079"},{"title":"Audy Item","text":"Audy Item Paula Allodya Item, also known as Audy Item (born April 23, 1983) is an Indonesian singer. She is the third child of three siblings of a jazz musician, Jopie Item, and Evie Aquanthie Aziz. Her oldest brother, Stevie Item, is a guitarist in Andra and The BackBone. She is married to Iko Uwais and they have two daughters. Audy signed a recording contract with Sony BMG Music Indonesia and releasing debut studio album \"18\" which took from her age. Her debut single \"Janji Diatas Ingkar (Mendua)\" was released in 2002 and became her success in Indonesian chart song.","psg_id":"17820880"},{"title":"Amy Duncan (singer)","text":"Amy Duncan (singer) Amy Duncan is a Scottish singer/songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. She has recorded four albums: Pilgrimage (2006), Story of a Girl (2007), Potential-Space (2010), Cycles of Life (2013) and Undercurrents (2016), which was released under her own label, Filly Records. Duncan is a classically trained double bass player, studying at both the RNCM in Manchester and the RSAMD in Glasgow. After completing her studies, Duncan played double bass in experimental band Swelling Meg, who achieved a following in Edinburgh and Glasgow’s underground music scene but disbanded in 2000. Becoming a mother in 2000 saw Duncan channel her new perspective","psg_id":"16389738"},{"title":"Vanessa Redgrave","text":"Suitable Case for Treatment\" (1966), co-starring David Warner and directed by Karel Reisz, for which she received an Oscar nomination, a Cannes award, a Golden Globe nomination and a BAFTA Film Award nomination. Following this, she portrayed a cool London swinger in \"Blowup\" (1966). Co-starring David Hemmings, it was the first English-language film of the Italian director Michelangelo Antonioni. Reunited with Karel Reisz for the biographical film of dancer Isadora Duncan in \"Isadora\" (1968), her portrayal of Duncan led her gaining a National Society of Film Critics' Award for Best Actress, a second Prize for the Best Female Performance at","psg_id":"735114"},{"title":"Clothing","text":"a consumable item. Mass-manufactured clothing is less expensive than the labor required to repair it. Many people buy a new piece of clothing rather than spend time mending. The thrifty still replace zippers and buttons and sew up ripped hems. Used, unwearable clothing can be repurposed for quilts, rags, rugs, bandages, and many other household uses. It can also be recycled into paper. In Western societies, used clothing is often thrown out or donated to charity (such as through a clothing bin). It is also sold to consignment shops, dress agencies, flea markets, and in online auctions. Used clothing is","psg_id":"491839"},{"title":"Isadora Williams","text":"at Nebelhorn to once again qualify for the 2018 Winter Olympics. Also in 2017 she placed 2nd at Volvo Open Cup, competition held in Riga, Latvia. During the Olympic tournament, Williams made history by finishing 17th in the short program, enough to become the first Brazilian and South American to ever take part in the skating final. She placed 24th in the Free Skate and placed 24th overall. \"CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\" Isadora Williams Isadora Marie Williams (born 8 February 1996) is a Brazilian-American figure skater. She has won five senior international medals, including bronze at the","psg_id":"14318821"},{"title":"Amy Duncan (singer)","text":"Cycles of Life (2013), Duncan's fourth album, was released on 15 April 2013. This album was produced by Calum Malcolm with funding from Creative Scotland. Her first single from the album, 'Navigating', was released in February 2013. Amy Duncan (singer) Amy Duncan is a Scottish singer/songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. She has recorded four albums: Pilgrimage (2006), Story of a Girl (2007), Potential-Space (2010), Cycles of Life (2013) and Undercurrents (2016), which was released under her own label, Filly Records. Duncan is a classically trained double bass player, studying at both the RNCM in Manchester and the RSAMD in Glasgow. After completing","psg_id":"16389741"},{"title":"Sabrina Jones","text":"History of the Industrial Workers of the World, Verso 2005. Her work for the Real Cost of Prisons inspired her to create Mixed Signals, a counter-recruitment tool in comic book form. Her first long form Graphic Novel was Isadora Duncan, A Graphic Biography, Hill & Wang, published in 2008. 2010 saw one of Sabrina Jones first collaborations with a writer, Paul Buhle. Buhle wrote the text for FDR and the New Deal for Beginners, which was illustrated entirely by Jones. The mixture of graphic novel and history book by Buhle and Jones was the latest in the long line of","psg_id":"14705767"},{"title":"Jacinta Duncan","text":"Jacinta Duncan Jacinta Duncan is an Australian science educator who grew up on marginal farming land in the Millewa area in the top North West of Victoria. Working alongside her father, Duncan learned animal husbandry, and how to crop wheat and barley while her mother, a primary school teacher, taught her music, French and took her to learn ballet. Duncan says \"the importance of an inquisitive mind and a robust education has always been at the forefront of my life\". Completing a Bachelor of Biological Sciences at the La Trobe University, Duncan majored in Biochemistry and Botany. Her Honours year","psg_id":"18213549"},{"title":"Cost of living","text":"diem allowance or tied to a specific item, as with housing allowances. Employees who are being permanently relocated are less likely to receive such allowances, but may receive a base salary adjustment to reflect local market conditions. A cost-of-living allowance is frequently given to members of the U.S. military stationed at overseas bases if the area to which a service member is assigned has a higher cost of living than the average area in the United States. For example, service members stationed in Japan receive a cost of living allowance of between $300 and $700 per month (depending on pay","psg_id":"2794576"},{"title":"Dancer in a Café","text":"Fauconnet (1882-1920) designed the invitation. Isadora Duncan, wearing a Hellenic evening gown designed by Poiret, danced on tables among 300 guests and 900 bottles of champagne were consumed until the first light of day. Isadora Duncan, a girl from California said to have posed for Eadweard Muybridge, placed an emphasis on \"evolutionary\" dance motion, insisting that each movement was born from the one that preceded it, that each movement gave rise to the next, and so on in organic succession. Her dancing defined the force of progress, change, abstraction and liberation. In France too Duncan delighted her audience. André Dunoyer","psg_id":"17018049"},{"title":"Straus Clothing","text":"encouraged her niece Frederecka (Rickie)'s husband Morris G. Straus to open a clothing business in Casselton, 40 miles away, in 1897. This was also a \"one-price\" store, with prices posted for each item. In 1903, M. G. Straus recruited his cousin Herman Stern from Germany to come to Casselton and assist with the running of the Straus clothing store (although he was likely also looking for a suitable bachelor to marry his wife's much younger sister, Adeline Roth). After purchasing the larger Sternberg store in Valley City following Adolph's death in 1908, Straus left Stern in charge of the Casselton","psg_id":"20081726"},{"title":"Rozz Williams","text":"film maker Nico B. The film stars Rozz Williams and James Hollan and was produced and directed by Nico B. \"Pig\" was the last work Williams did. In the introduction for the book \"And What About the Bells?\", Ryan Wildstar (born Ryan Gaumer), Williams' friend and roommate of eight years, stated that on March 31, the night before Williams took his own life, they watched the film \"Isadora\", about dancer Isadora Duncan, during which Wildstar retired to bed despite Williams' protest, who said, \"You don't even know how it ends!\" Wildstar replied that he knew Isadora hangs to death at","psg_id":"2497568"},{"title":"Isadorables","text":"been Isadora's admirer. In New York, she taught and acted in films. Irma later married an American, Sherman Rogers, and taught and performed with her dancers. Erica (Erika, the only Isadorable not to continue a dancing career), became a painter, according to sometime director of Isadora Duncan International Institute Ms. Bardsley. On September 13, 1988, the active disciples of the Isadorables, who together formed the Duncan Council, scheduled an event to honor Maria-Theresa Duncan, who had died the year before. The event was conceived by one of Theresa’s own pupils, who directed the Isadora Duncan International Institute. Isadorables The Isadorables","psg_id":"13262916"},{"title":"Economy of Second Life","text":"to Second Life business and the general Second Life economy. For example, the \"SLIPPcat\" advertising system encourages companies to provide content in Second Life which can not only be obtained for free but which \"generates income\" for its owner by displaying advertisements to other users when clicked . SL businesses are especially vulnerable to business disruption due to the zero marginal cost of production. In 2007, Anshe Chung was criticised for marketing a line of furniture in which every item was sold for 10 Linden dollars (approximately 4 cents.) Selling such items was viable for Anshe because the majority of","psg_id":"9286915"},{"title":"Item Unique Identification","text":"Item Unique Identification Unique Identification Marking, UID marking, Item Unique Identification or IUID, is a part of the compliance process mandated by the United States Department of Defense. It is a permanent marking method used to give equipment a unique ID. Marking is essential for all equipment with an acquisition cost of over $5,000, equipment which is mission essential, controlled inventory, or serially-controlled. UID-marking is a set of data for assets that is globally unique and unambiguous. The technology used to mark an item is 2D Data Matrix ECC 200 Symbol. UID marking can be used to ensure data integrity","psg_id":"12403653"},{"title":"Cost database","text":"the assumed crew which will install the item or perform the work. Resources and crews can be stored as data in the cost database and can also be related to work items. Examples of cost database line items: Examples of cost database labor resources: Examples of cost database equipment resources: Examples of cost database crews: Various factors and adjustments may be useful in the estimating process. Some examples include: Data which may be used to organize a cost estimate into groups and levels, and to summarize the cost details can also be part of a cost database. A popular coding","psg_id":"16941556"},{"title":"Lesley Duncan","text":"previous life in the music industry. By all accounts content to lead a more private, family-oriented life in her later years, she died on 12 March 2010 of cerebrovascular disease. following an extended illness. Lesley Duncan Lesley Duncan (married name Lesley Cox; 12 August 1943 – 12 March 2010) was an English singer-songwriter, best known for her work during the 1970s. She received a lot of airplay on British radio stations such as BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 2; but never achieved great commercial success, in part because of her unwillingness to chase stardom, and crippling stage fright. Duncan","psg_id":"4468982"},{"title":"BeGood Clothing","text":"BeGood Clothing BeGood Clothing is a socially responsible clothing, and accessories online retailer based in San Francisco, California. BeGood Clothing features not only sustainable fashion and gifts that are eco-friendly, but it also gives back to an environmental or humanitarian cause for each item purchased. The company supports local San Francisco nonprofits, participates in charitable events, as well as donates customers’ gently used clothing to Goodwill Industries monthly. BeGood Clothing shows how real charity and environmental care is done. Founded by Mark Spera and Dean Ramadan, Dailycandy named BeGood Clothing one of \"The Best New Shops and Fashion Stories of","psg_id":"17674063"},{"title":"Basque (clothing)","text":"Basque (clothing) A basque is an item of women's clothing. The term, of French origin, originally referred to types of bodice or jacket with long tails, and in later usage a long corset, characterized by a close, contoured fit and extending past the waistline over the hips. It is so called because the original French fashion for long women's jackets was adopted from Basque traditional dress. In contemporary usage it refers only to a long item of lingerie, in effect a brassiere that continues down, stopping around the waist or the top of the hips, the lower part essentially decorative","psg_id":"10625083"},{"title":"Jacinta Duncan","text":"the next generation of scientists and promote a society that will participate in informed debate.\" Jacinta Duncan Jacinta Duncan is an Australian science educator who grew up on marginal farming land in the Millewa area in the top North West of Victoria. Working alongside her father, Duncan learned animal husbandry, and how to crop wheat and barley while her mother, a primary school teacher, taught her music, French and took her to learn ballet. Duncan says \"the importance of an inquisitive mind and a robust education has always been at the forefront of my life\". Completing a Bachelor of Biological","psg_id":"18213554"},{"title":"Lois Duncan","text":"a sequel to \"Who Killed My Daughter?\" titled \"One to the Wolves\", was published in 2013. Duncan was born Lois Duncan Steinmetz on April 28, 1934 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first child of Lois Duncan (née Foley) and Joseph Janney Steinmetz. Duncan had one younger brother, William Janney \"Billy\" Steinmetz. Both of Duncan's parents were professional magazine photographers who took photos for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus. She spent her early life in Pennsylvania, relocating in her late childhood to Sarasota, Florida, where her parents resumed their employment as circus photographers. In Florida, she spent her youth","psg_id":"7130148"},{"title":"Life-cycle cost analysis","text":"Life-cycle cost analysis Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a tool to determine the most cost-effective option among different competing alternatives to purchase, own, operate, maintain and, finally, dispose of an object or process, when each is equally appropriate to be implemented on technical grounds. For example, for a highway pavement, in addition to the initial construction cost, LCCA takes into account all the user costs, (e.g., reduced capacity at work zones), and agency costs related to future activities, including future periodic maintenance and rehabilitation. All the costs are usually discounted and total to a present-day value known as net present","psg_id":"824077"},{"title":"Cost database","text":"4000 psi (30 MPa),\" which is the description of the item. In the cost database, an item is a row or record in a table (of items) and the description is a column or field for that record. Concrete may also be considered to be a material resource. In some systems, estimate line items and resources are the same, in other systems, various resources may be included with a line item. Other examples of resources are labor resources, such as carpenters, and equipment resources, such as cranes. Labor and equipment resources can be combined into a crew, which is then","psg_id":"16941555"},{"title":"Historical cost","text":"records a sale of $115. The cost of sales is $100, being the historical cost of the asset. This gives rise to a gain of $15 which is wholly recognized in year 2. It is standard under the historical cost basis to report the cost of inventory (stock) at the lower of cost and net realisable value. As a result:- Property, plant and equipment is recorded at its historical cost. Cost includes:- In IFRS, cost also includes the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring it. Cost may include the cost of borrowing to","psg_id":"974428"},{"title":"Dwight Duncan","text":"Power Generation. In July 2004, based on a recommendation of the OPG Review Committee, which Duncan appointed to review the cost over-runs and delays plaguing the restart of the four reactors at the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, Duncan announced the government would proceed with the restart of reactor one at the Pickering station. Although smaller, the restart project still underwent cost over-runs and delays. As a result, the McGuinty government announced that it would not proceed with the restart of the two remaining Pickering A reactors and permanently mothballed them. In 2005, Duncan concluded a deal with Bruce Power to","psg_id":"3860558"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Duncan Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877 or May 27, 1878 – September 14, 1927) was an American and French dancer who performed to acclaim throughout Europe. Born in California, she lived in Western Europe and the Soviet Union from the age of 22 until her death at age 50, when her scarf became entangled in the wheels and axle of the car in which she was riding. Isadora Duncan was born in San Francisco, the youngest of the four children of Joseph Charles Duncan (1819–1898), a banker, mining engineer and connoisseur of the arts, and Mary Isadora Gray\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398346\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"is also the subject of Amelia Gray's novel \\\"Isadora\\\" (2017). Two characters in the \\\"A Series of Unfortunate Events\\\" series of novels are named after her, Isadora Quagmire and Duncan Quagmire. Among the films featuring Duncan are: Ballets based on Duncan include: On the theatre stage, Duncan is portrayed in: Duncan is featured in music in: In the poem \\\"Fever 103\\\" by Sylvia Plath, the speaker alludes to Isadora's scarves. Archival collections Other Isadora Duncan Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877 or May 27, 1878 – September 14, 1927) was an American and French dancer who performed to acclaim throughout\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398374\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"how memorable it was, but what Zelda recalled was that while all eyes were watching Duncan, Zelda was able to steal the salt and pepper shakers from the table. In his book \\\"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\\\", Sewell Stokes, who met Duncan in the last years of her life, describes her extravagant waywardness. Duncan's autobiography \\\"My Life\\\" was published in 1927. The Australian composer Percy Grainger called Isadora's autobiography a \\\"life-enriching masterpiece.\\\" On the night of September 14, 1927, in Nice, France, Duncan was a passenger in an Amilcar CGSS automobile owned by Benoît Falchetto, a French-Italian mechanic. She wore a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398366\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World is a BBC TV film based on the life of the American dancer Isadora Duncan first broadcast on 22 September 1966. The film was directed and produced by Ken Russell and written by Sewell Stokes and Russell. It starred Vivian Pickles and Peter Bowles. The film is a biopic of American dancer Isadora Duncan. Sewell Stokes became friendly with the dancer towards the very end of her life when she was penniless and alone. In 1928 he wrote a memoir of his conversations with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9368632\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World\",\n \"text\": \"choreographed interpretations. Still, some might find the constant confrontations and shouting matches tiring. After all, Russell makes it clear that this was one artist who could have had it all had she just kept her mighty yap shut. Because she didn't, however, we see her downfall in all its brazen glory.\\\" Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World is a BBC TV film based on the life of the American dancer Isadora Duncan first broadcast on 22 September 1966. The film was directed and produced by Ken Russell and written by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9368634\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"(1849–1922). Her brothers were Augustin Duncan and Raymond Duncan; her sister, Elizabeth Duncan, was also a dancer. Soon after Isadora's birth, her father was exposed in illegal bank dealings, and the family became extremely poor. Her parents divorced when she was an infant, and her mother moved with her family to Oakland, California, where she worked as a seamstress and piano teacher. From ages six to ten, Isadora attended school, but she dropped out, finding it constricting. As her family was very poor, she and her three siblings earned money by teaching dance to local children. In 1896, Duncan became\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398347\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora (ballet)\",\n \"text\": \"dance sequence entitled \\\"Five Brahms Waltzes in the Manner of Isadora Duncan\\\" for Lynn Seymour of the Royal Ballet, in which \\\"Ashton fused Duncan's style with an imprint of his own\\\"; Marie Rambert claimed after seeing it that it was exactly as she remembered Duncan dancing. The original score by Bennett was conducted by Barry Wordsworth. Isadora (ballet) Isadora is a ballet created for the Royal Ballet by Kenneth MacMillan to music by Richard Rodney Bennett, based on the life and dance of Isadora Duncan. In following the life of Isadora Duncan, the title role is taken jointly by a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18332698\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"having San Francisco rename an alley on the same block from Adelaide Place to Isadora Duncan Lane. In medicine, the Isadora Duncan Syndrome refers to injury or death consequent to entanglement of neckwear with a wheel or other machinery. Duncan has attracted literary and artistic attention from the 1920s to the present, in novels, film, ballet, theatre, music, and poetry. Duncan has been portrayed in novels including Aleister Crowley's \\\"Moonchild\\\" (as 'Lavinia King'), published in 1923, and Upton Sinclair's \\\"World's End\\\" (1940) and \\\"Between Two Worlds\\\" (1941), the first two novels in his Pulitzer Prize winning Lanny Budd series. She\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398373\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"Bugatti, a handsome Italian whom she has been admiring for several days. She goes for a drive with him in his sports car, and as they roar along a road by the sea, Isadora's long chiffon scarf catches in the spokes of a wheel and strangles her. Isadora Isadora (also known as The Loves of Isadora) is a 1968 biographical film which tells the story of celebrated American dancer Isadora Duncan. It stars Vanessa Redgrave, James Fox, and Jason Robards. The film was adapted by Melvyn Bragg, Margaret Drabble, and Clive Exton from the books \\\"My Life\\\" by Isadora and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711700\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Levien was also instrumental in furthering Duncan's work through the formation of the Duncan Dance Guild in the 1950s and the establishment of the Duncan Centenary Company in 1977. Another means by which Duncan's dance techniques were carried forth was in the formation of the Isadora Duncan Heritage Society, by Mignon Garland, who had been taught dance by two of Duncan's key students. Garland was such a fan that she later lived in a building erected at the same site and address as Duncan, attached a commemorative plaque near the entrance, which is still there . Garland also succeeded in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398372\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora (ballet)\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora (ballet) Isadora is a ballet created for the Royal Ballet by Kenneth MacMillan to music by Richard Rodney Bennett, based on the life and dance of Isadora Duncan. In following the life of Isadora Duncan, the title role is taken jointly by a ballerina and by an actress, whose spoken text is drawn from sections of the memoirs of Duncan. Following the initial run at Covent Garden and performances New York, the ballet was not seen until revised in consultation with MacMillan's widow, and revived by the company in 2009. The scenario in the ballet concentrates on the dramatic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18332696\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"magical name of 'Soror Virakam'; she also co-edited four numbers of Crowley's journal \\\"The Equinox\\\", and contributed several collaborative plays to the journal. Desti wrote a memoir of her experiences with Duncan that includes some autobiographical material. In 1911, the French fashion designer Paul Poiret rented a mansion—Pavillon du Butard in La Celle-Saint-Cloud—and threw lavish parties, including one of the more famous \\\"grandes fêtes\\\", \\\"La fête de Bacchus\\\" on June 20, 1912, re-creating the Bacchanalia hosted by Louis XIV at Versailles. Isadora Duncan, wearing a Greek evening gown designed by Poiret, danced on tables among 300 guests; 900 bottles of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398354\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Isadora (also known as The Loves of Isadora) is a 1968 biographical film which tells the story of celebrated American dancer Isadora Duncan. It stars Vanessa Redgrave, James Fox, and Jason Robards. The film was adapted by Melvyn Bragg, Margaret Drabble, and Clive Exton from the books \\\"My Life\\\" by Isadora and \\\"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\\\" by Sewell Stokes. It was directed by Karel Reisz. It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress (Vanessa Redgrave). The film was also nominated for the Palme d'Or (Golden Palm) at the 1969 Cannes Film Festival, where Redgrave won Best Actress.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711695\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World\",\n \"text\": \"her, shortly after her death, entitled \\\"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\\\". Two years after the first broadcast of the TV film, Vanessa Redgrave played the role of Isadora Duncan in the big-screen biopic \\\"Isadora\\\". Russell's biographer Joseph Lanza believes that \\\"of all his television work, \\\"Isadora\\\" is his most accomplished\\\". It explores his \\\"ongoing theme of art being a thing of both glory and vulgarity\\\" Bill Gibron from DVD Talk gave the film a very good review and stated: \\\"Herself trained as a dancer, Pickles lights up the screen when she's onstage, Duncan's inflated ego disappearing into a series of carefully\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9368633\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"British Museum. The earnings from these engagements enabled her to rent a studio, allowing her to develop her work and create larger performances for the stage. From London, she traveled to Paris, where she was inspired by the Louvre and the Exposition Universelle of 1900. In 1902, Loie Fuller invited Duncan to tour with her. This took Duncan all over Europe as she created new works using her innovative technique, which emphasized natural movement in contrast to the rigidity of tradition ballet. She spent most of the rest of her life touring Europe and the Americas in this fashion. Despite\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398350\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"In 1927, Isadora Duncan has become a legend as the innovator of modern dance, a temperamental bohemian, and an outspoken advocate of free love. Now past 40, she lives in poverty in a small hotel on the French Riviera with her companion Mary Estelle Dempsey/Mary Desti (named only as Mary in the film) and her secretary Roger, to whom she is dictating her memoirs. As a young girl in California, Isadora first demonstrates her disdain for accepted social standards by burning her parents' marriage certificate and pledging her dedication to the pursuit of art and beauty. In 1896, she performs\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711696\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"expression of the human spirit through the medium of the body's movement.\\\" She believed dance was meant to encircle all that life had to offer—joy and sadness. Duncan took inspiration from ancient Greece and combined it with an American love of freedom. Her movement was feminine and arose from the deepest feelings in her body. This is exemplified in her revolutionary costume of a white Greek tunic and bare feet. Inspired by Greek forms, her tunics also allowed a freedom of movement that corseted ballet costumes and pointe shoes did not. Costumes were not the only inspiration Duncan took from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"title of the creator of modern dance. In both professional and private life, Duncan flouted traditional mores and morality. She was bisexual and an atheist, and alluded to her communism during her last United States tour, in 1922–23: she waved a red scarf and bared her breast on stage in Boston, proclaiming, \\\"This is red! So am I!\\\" Duncan bore two children, both out of wedlock. The first, Deirdre Beatrice (born September 24, 1906), by theatre designer Gordon Craig, and the second, Patrick Augustus (born May 1, 1910), by Paris Singer, one of the many sons of sewing machine magnate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398361\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Greece: she was also inspired by ancient Greek art, and utilized some of its forms in her movement (see image). Duncan wrote of American dancing: \\\"let them come forth with great strides, leaps and bounds, with lifted forehead and far-spread arms, to dance.\\\" Her focus on natural movement emphasized steps, such as skipping, outside of codified ballet technique. Duncan also cited the sea as an early inspiration for her movement. Also, she believed movement originated from the solar plexus, which she thought was the source of all movement. It is this philosophy and new dance technique that garnered Duncan the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"at Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris. On the headstone of her grave is inscribed \\\"École du Ballet de l'Opéra de Paris\\\" (\\\"Ballet School of the Opera of Paris\\\"). Duncan is known as \\\"The Mother of Dance\\\". While her schools in Europe did not last long, Duncan's work had impact in the art and her style is still danced based upon the instruction of Maria-Theresa Duncan, Anna Duncan, and Irma Duncan, three of her six adopted daughters. The adoption process was never verified, but all six of Isadora's dancers did change their last name to Duncan. Through her sister, Elizabeth, Duncan's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398370\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"the northeast corner of 23rd Street and Fourth Avenue (now Park Avenue South). Otto Kahn, the head of Kuhn, Loeb & Co., gave Duncan use of the very modern Century Theatre at West 60th Street and Central Park West for her performances and productions, which included a staging of \\\"Oedipus Rex\\\" that involved almost all of Duncan's extended entourage and friends. During her time in New York, Duncan posed for a number of studies by the photographer Arnold Genthe. Duncan had been due to leave the United States in 1915 aboard the RMS \\\"Lusitania\\\" on its ill-fated voyage, but historians\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398356\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Maria-Theresa, Irma, Liesel, Gretel, and Erika), Duncan's protégées who would continue her legacy. Duncan legally adopted all six girls in 1919, and they took her last name. After about a decade in Berlin, Duncan established a school in Paris that was shortly closed because of the outbreak of World War I. In 1910, Duncan met the occultist Aleister Crowley at a party—an episode recounted by Crowley in his \\\"Confessions\\\". He refers to Duncan as 'Lavinia King', and would use the same invented name for her in his novel \\\"Moonchild\\\". Crowley wrote of Duncan that she \\\"has this gift of gesture\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398352\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"considered this embarrassing, as it suggested that she and Falchetto were going to her hotel for a tryst. Her silk scarf, draped around her neck, became entangled around the open-spoked wheels and rear axle, pulling her from the open car and breaking her neck. Desti said she called out to warn Duncan about the scarf almost immediately after the car left. Desti brought Duncan to the hospital, where she was pronounced dead. As \\\"The New York Times\\\" noted in its obituary, Duncan \\\"met a tragic death at Nice on the Riviera.\\\" \\\"According to dispatches from Nice, Duncan was hurled in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398368\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"an extraordinary manner from an open automobile in which she was riding and instantly killed by the force of her fall to the stone pavement.\\\" Other sources noted that she was almost decapitated by the sudden tightening of the scarf around her neck. The accident gave rise to Gertrude Stein's mordant remark that \\\"affectations can be dangerous\\\". At the time of her death, Duncan was a Soviet citizen. Her will was the first of a Soviet citizen's to be probated in the U.S. Duncan was cremated, and her ashes were placed next to those of her children in the columbarium\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398369\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"financial woes, scandalous love life and all-too-frequent public drunkenness as for her contributions to the arts. She spent her final years moving between Paris and the Mediterranean, running up debts at hotels. She spent short periods in apartments rented on her behalf by a decreasing number of friends and supporters, many of whom attempted to assist her in writing an autobiography. They hoped it might be successful enough to support her. In a reminiscent sketch, Zelda Fitzgerald wrote how she and F. Scott Fitzgerald, her husband, sat in a Paris cafe watching a somewhat drunk Duncan. He would speak of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398365\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Raymond Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Raymond Duncan Raymond Duncan (November 1, 1874, San Francisco, California – August 14, 1966, Cavalaire-sur-Mer, France) was an American dancer, artist, poet, craftsman, and philosopher, and brother of dancer Isadora Duncan. Born in San Francisco on November 1, 1874, Raymond Duncan was the third of the four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, the youngest daughter of Thomas Gray, a California state senator. Their other children were Elizabeth, Augustin, and Isadora, a noted dancer, In 1891, at the age of 17, he developed a theory of movement which he called kinematics, \\\"a remarkable synthesis of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12040981\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"an enormous estate for her to open a School for Life, where only beauty and simplicity are taught. Following the birth of a son, Isadora returns to England with Singer but becomes bored with her quiet life and enters into an affair with her pianist, Armand. A short time later, both of her children are drowned when their chauffeur-driven car plunges off a bridge into the Seine. Broken by the tragedy, Isadora leaves Singer and wanders about Europe until in 1921 she receives an offer to open a dancing school in the Soviet Union. Unaffected by the country's poverty, she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711698\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"champagne were consumed until the first light of day. Duncan, said to have posed for the photographer Eadweard Muybridge, placed an emphasis on \\\"evolutionary\\\" dance motion, insisting that each movement was born from the one that preceded it, that each movement gave rise to the next, and so on in organic succession. Her dancing defined the force of progress, change, abstraction and liberation. In France, as elsewhere, Duncan delighted her audience. In 1914, Duncan moved to the United States and transferred her school there. A townhouse on Gramercy Park was provided for its use, and its studio was nearby, on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398355\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Isaac Singer. Both children drowned in the care of their nanny in 1913 when their runaway car went into the Seine. Following the accident, Duncan spent several months recuperating in Corfu with her brother and sister. She then spent several weeks at the Viareggio seaside resort with the actress Eleonora Duse. The fact that Duse had just left a relationship with the rebellious and epicene young feminist Lina Poletti fueled speculation as to the nature of Duncan and Duse's relationship, but there has never been any indication that the two were involved romantically. In her autobiography, Duncan relates that she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398362\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rachel Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"Williams and debuted by BalletRox in 2009. Rachel Isadora Rachel Isadora (born 1953) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books. She is most famous for \\\"Ben's Trumpet\\\" (runner-up for the 1980 Caldecott Medal, or Caldecott Honor Book), which has been adapted to video and was also translated into a ballet by the Boston ballet company BalletRox in 2009. The more than 150 children's books Isadora has written and illustrated span a wide variety of topics, including ballet and dance, American urban culture and family life, life in Africa, and traditional fairy tales. Isadora was a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17670127\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rachel Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"Rachel Isadora Rachel Isadora (born 1953) is an American illustrator and writer of children's books, especially picture books. She is most famous for \\\"Ben's Trumpet\\\" (runner-up for the 1980 Caldecott Medal, or Caldecott Honor Book), which has been adapted to video and was also translated into a ballet by the Boston ballet company BalletRox in 2009. The more than 150 children's books Isadora has written and illustrated span a wide variety of topics, including ballet and dance, American urban culture and family life, life in Africa, and traditional fairy tales. Isadora was a professional ballet dancer before an injury led\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17670124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"mixed reaction from critics, Duncan became quite popular for her distinct style and inspired many visual artists, such as Antoine Bourdelle, Auguste Rodin, Arnold Ronnebeck, and Abraham Walkowitz, to create works based on her. Duncan disliked the commercial aspects of public performance, such as touring and contracts, because she felt they distracted her from her real mission: the creation of beauty and the education of the young. To achieve her mission, she opened schools to teach young women her philosophy of dance. The first was established in 1904 in Berlin-Grunewald, Germany. This institution was the birthplace of the \\\"Isadorables\\\" (Anna,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"believe her financial situation at the time drove her to choose a more modest crossing. In 1921, Duncan's leftist sympathies took her to the Soviet Union, where she founded a school in Moscow. However, the Soviet government's failure to follow through on promises to support her work caused her to return to the West and leave the school to her protégée Irma. In 1924, Duncan composed a dance routine called \\\"Varshavianka\\\" to the tune of the Polish revolutionary song known in English as \\\"Whirlwinds of Danger\\\". Breaking with convention, Duncan imagined she had traced dance to its roots as a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398357\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"approach was adopted by Jarmila Jeřábková from Prague where her legacy persists. By 1913 she was already being celebrated. When the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées was built, Duncan's likeness was carved in its \\\"bas-relief\\\" over the entrance by sculptor Antoine Bourdelle and included in painted murals of the nine muses by Maurice Denis in the auditorium. In 1987, she was inducted into the National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame. Anna, Lisa, Theresa and Irma, pupils of Isadora Duncan's first school, carried on the aesthetic and pedagogical principles of Isadora's work in New York and Paris. Choreographer and dancer Julia\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398371\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"any pretty thing that came into [her] head\\\". A desire to travel brought her to Chicago, where she auditioned for many theater companies, finally finding a place in Augustin Daly's company. This took her to New York City where her unique vision of dance clashed with the popular pantomimes of theater companies. In New York, Duncan took some classes with Marie Bonfanti but was quickly disappointed in ballet routine. Feeling unhappy and unappreciated in America, Duncan moved to London in 1898. She performed in the drawing rooms of the wealthy, taking inspiration from the Greek vases and bas-reliefs in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398349\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"begged a young Italian stranger, the sculptor Romano Romanelli, to sleep with her because she was desperate for another baby. She became pregnant by him, and gave birth to a son on August 13, 1914; the infant died shortly after birth. In 1921, after the end of the Russian Revolution, Duncan moved to Moscow where she met the acclaimed poet Sergei Yesenin, who was 18 years her junior. On May 2, 1922, they married, and Yesenin accompanied her on a tour of Europe and the United States. However, the marriage was brief, and in May 1923 he left Duncan and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398363\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"part of Augustin Daly's theater company in New York, but she soon became disillusioned with the form and craved a different environment with less of a hierarchy. Her father, along with his third wife and their daughter, died in 1898 when the British passenger steamer SS \\\"Mohegan\\\" ran aground off the coast of Cornwall. Duncan began her dancing career at a very early age by giving lessons in her home to neighbourhood children, and this continued through her teenage years. Her novel approach to dance was evident in these early classes, in which she \\\"followed [her] fantasy and improvised, teaching\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398348\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"in a very high degree. Let the reader study her dancing, if possible in private than in public, and learn the superb 'unconsciousness'—which is magical consciousness—with which she suits the action to the melody.\\\" Crowley was, in fact, more attracted to Duncan's bohemian companion Mary Dempsey ( Mary D'Este or Desti), with whom he had an affair. Desti had come to Paris in 1901 where she soon met Duncan, and the two became inseparable. Desti also appeared in \\\"Moonchild\\\", as 'Lisa la Giuffria'. She joined Crowley's occult order, helping him to write his magnum opus \\\"Magick (Book 4)\\\" under her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398353\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Augustin Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"last appearance as the Father in \\\"Lute Song \\\"in 1946. His son Angus was Executive Director of Actors' Equity Association from 1952 – 1972. Augustin Duncan Augustin Duncan (April 17, 1873, San Francisco – 1954, New York City) was a U.S. actor and director active in New York and London during the first half of the 20th century. The eldest boy of four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, he was the brother of Isadora Duncan, Raymond Duncan and Elizabeth Duncan (1871-1948). Augustin Duncan made his stage debut in 1893 in San Francisco, and toured\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15593504\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Augustin Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Augustin Duncan Augustin Duncan (April 17, 1873, San Francisco – 1954, New York City) was a U.S. actor and director active in New York and London during the first half of the 20th century. The eldest boy of four children of Joseph Charles Duncan, a banker, and Mary Isadora Gray, he was the brother of Isadora Duncan, Raymond Duncan and Elizabeth Duncan (1871-1948). Augustin Duncan made his stage debut in 1893 in San Francisco, and toured for seven years before appearing in New York in 1900, then continuing in roles in New York and London. In 1919 he was a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15593502\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Bennett\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Bennett Isadora Bennett (July 21, 1900 – February 8, 1980) was a publicity agent for modern dance theatre. Her work has been considered significant for establishing modern dance. Her clients included Martha Graham, José Limón, José Greco, American Ballet Theatre, Royal Danish Ballet, Joffrey Ballet. Born to Clarence and Catherine Bennett, actors, she went with her parents on tour as a young child. At age 5, she moved in with an aunt in Springfield, Illinois. She took an early interest in the literary life, and there she befriended Vachel Lindsay and Edgar Lee Masters. At age 14, she received\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18552800\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"returned to Moscow. Two years later, on December 28, 1925, Yesenin was found dead in his room in the Hotel Angleterre in St Petersburg in an apparent suicide. Duncan had a relationship with the poet and playwright Mercedes de Acosta, as documented in numerous revealing letters they wrote to each other. In one, Duncan wrote, \\\"Mercedes, lead me with your little strong hands and I will follow you – to the top of a mountain. To the end of the world. Wherever you wish.\\\" By the late 1920s, Duncan's performing career had dwindled, and she became as notorious for her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398364\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora (ballet)\",\n \"text\": \"events in Duncan's personal life and her relationships with four of her partners. The first performance of \\\"Isadora\\\" was at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden on 30 April 1981 with Merle Park in the title role. Designs were by Barry Kay. The ballet was featured in the 50th anniversary BBC programme 'Right Royal Company', in May 1981 and was filmed by Granada Television with the original cast and broadcast in 1982, subsequently being issued on DVD in 2011 by Odeon Entertainment, as the accompaniment to the 1968 feature film \\\"Isadora\\\". In 1976 Frederick Ashton had created a short solo\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18332697\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sewell Stokes\",\n \"text\": \"Duncan, the Biggest Dancer in the World, with director Ken Russell. Starring Vivian Pickles and Peter Bowles, the film was first broadcast on 22 September 1966. In 1968 his memoir of Duncan, together with her autobiography, \\\"My Life\\\", were adapted by Melvyn Bragg for the film \\\"Isadora\\\" (US title: \\\"The Loves of Isadora\\\"), directed by Karel Reisz and starring Vanessa Redgrave and James Fox. In his 1954 novel \\\"Recital in Paris\\\" the character of Sarah Menken was substantially modelled on that of Isadora Duncan. Stokes, together with Christine Jope-Slade, wrote the play \\\"Britannia of Billingsgate\\\", which was produced by A.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9356891\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rachel Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"to a change of careers. In addition to freelance writing and illustration, Isadora shows and sells oil paintings, many of which reflect her love of dance, as well as her experiences living in Africa and New York City. Isadora started dancing as a toddler and went on to study at the School of American Ballet on a scholarship from the Ford Foundation. She briefly danced with the Boston Ballet Company, until a foot injury caused her to seek work as a visual artist instead. Her first book, \\\"Max\\\", is about a boy who realizes that taking ballet can help him\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17670125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"long, flowing, hand-painted silk scarf, created by the Russian-born artist Roman Chatov, a gift from her friend Mary Desti, the mother of American film director Preston Sturges. Desti, who saw Duncan off, had asked her to wear a cape in the open-air vehicle because of the cold weather, but she would only agree to wear the scarf. As they departed, she reportedly said to Desti and some companions, \\\"\\\" (\\\"Farewell, my friends. I go to glory!\\\"); but according to the American novelist Glenway Wescott, Desti later told him that Duncan's actual parting words were, (\\\"I am off to love\\\"). Desti\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1398367\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Williams\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Williams Isadora Marie Williams (born 8 February 1996) is a Brazilian-American figure skater. She has won five senior international medals, including bronze at the 2012 Golden Spin of Zagreb and gold at the 2017 Sofia Trophy. She has represented Brazil at the 2014 Winter Olympics and the 2018 Winter Olympics. Williams was born in Marietta, Georgia. Isadora was raised in the suburbs of Washington, DC. She has Brazilian citizenship through her mother, who is from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, and also lived in Brazil for two years as a child. Isadora Williams also has a very large family that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318818\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"develops a strong rapport with the peasantry and has a passionate affair with Sergei Essenin, a volatile poet whom she marries so that he can obtain a visa to accompany her to the United States. Essenin's outrageous behaviour turns a press conference into a shambles, however, and US anti-Bolshevist sentiment turns to open hostility when Isadora bares her breasts during a dance recital in Boston. Following the disintegration of her marriage, she returns to Nice to write her memoirs. Impulsively selling her possessions to open a new school in Paris, Isadora goes to a local cafe to celebrate and spots\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711699\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Whole-life cost\",\n \"text\": \"Whole-life cost Whole-life cost, or Life-cycle cost (LCC), refers to the total cost of ownership over the life of an asset. Also commonly referred to as \\\"cradle to grave\\\" or \\\"womb to tomb\\\" costs. Costs considered include the financial cost which is relatively simple to calculate and also the environmental and social costs which are more difficult to quantify and assign numerical values. Typical areas of expenditure which are included in calculating the whole-life cost include planning, design, construction and acquisition, operations, maintenance, renewal and rehabilitation, depreciation and cost of finance and replacement or disposal. Whole-life cost analysis is often\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11876534\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Cerullo\",\n \"text\": \"Enloe High School alumni]] Isadora Cerullo Isadora Cerullo (born March 24, 1991) is a Brazilian-American rugby sevens player. Cerullo was raised in Raleigh, North Carolina. Her parents immigrated to the United States from Brazil in the last years of the country’s military dictatorship which lasted from 1964 to 1985. She is one of four children and a triplet, with two brothers the same age and one older brother. She is a dual citizen of the United States and Brazil. Cerullo graduated in 2009 from William G. Enloe High School, where she was a member of the varsity soccer and cross\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19632049\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Cerullo\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Cerullo Isadora Cerullo (born March 24, 1991) is a Brazilian-American rugby sevens player. Cerullo was raised in Raleigh, North Carolina. Her parents immigrated to the United States from Brazil in the last years of the country’s military dictatorship which lasted from 1964 to 1985. She is one of four children and a triplet, with two brothers the same age and one older brother. She is a dual citizen of the United States and Brazil. Cerullo graduated in 2009 from William G. Enloe High School, where she was a member of the varsity soccer and cross country teams. She went\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19632045\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Newman\",\n \"text\": \"In 1926, the Serbian government recognized her efforts on behalf of war orphans. Isadora Newman Isadora Newman (born April 23, 1878, died 1955) was an American artist, poet, writer, playwright and storyteller. She was born and raised in New Orleans and her work reflected the influences of her youth, particularly the African American and Creole culture of New Orleans. Born Miriam Dorothy Newman, Newman was the daughter of Rebecca (Kiefer) and Isidore Newman, a New Orleans banker and businessman who later became known for his philanthropy. The Isidore Newman School in New Orelans was named for him in 1913. He\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20616281\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"IsaDora cosmetics\",\n \"text\": \"part of companies Eurovision campaign was \\\"Big Bold Mascara\\\", \\\"Wonder Nail\\\" and \\\"Cream Mousse Eye Shadow\\\". IsaDora also hosted their own Eurovision event with appearances from the participants of the contest. In May 2013, IsaDora cosmetics launched its products in the UAE. IsaDora cosmetics IsaDora cosmetics is a Swedish cosmetics brand established in 1983 by the company Swedish INVIMA AB, located in Malmö. IsaDora's first beauty line appeared in Swedish stores in November 1983, and by 1984 IsaDora exported its products to Norway and the rest of Scandinavia. IsaDora has also expanded into the US market and was sold in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17532881\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Bennett\",\n \"text\": \"McCarter Theatre in Princeton, and arranged to have Broadway bound shows premiere there. She published occasional essays on dance for the general public under the pseudonym Weylan Morgan. She retired in 1972. Isadora Bennett Isadora Bennett (July 21, 1900 – February 8, 1980) was a publicity agent for modern dance theatre. Her work has been considered significant for establishing modern dance. Her clients included Martha Graham, José Limón, José Greco, American Ballet Theatre, Royal Danish Ballet, Joffrey Ballet. Born to Clarence and Catherine Bennett, actors, she went with her parents on tour as a young child. At age 5, she\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18552802\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Raymond Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"the movements of labor and of daily life.\\\" He believed that the importance of labor was the development of the worker, not production or earnings. In 1898 he and his family left America and lived for a time in London, Berlin, Athens, and Paris. In 1900 he met the German poet Gusto Graeser in Paris and was deeply impressed by his ideas of natural and simple life. Duncan's theory of movement led him to work particularly closely with his sister Isadora, a noted dancer. Duncan became particularly fond of Greece; he and his Greek wife, Penelope Sikelianos, lived in a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12040982\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Newman\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Newman Isadora Newman (born April 23, 1878, died 1955) was an American artist, poet, writer, playwright and storyteller. She was born and raised in New Orleans and her work reflected the influences of her youth, particularly the African American and Creole culture of New Orleans. Born Miriam Dorothy Newman, Newman was the daughter of Rebecca (Kiefer) and Isidore Newman, a New Orleans banker and businessman who later became known for his philanthropy. The Isidore Newman School in New Orelans was named for him in 1913. He was active in the New Orleans Jewish community, where he was also a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20616278\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"IsaDora cosmetics\",\n \"text\": \"IsaDora cosmetics IsaDora cosmetics is a Swedish cosmetics brand established in 1983 by the company Swedish INVIMA AB, located in Malmö. IsaDora's first beauty line appeared in Swedish stores in November 1983, and by 1984 IsaDora exported its products to Norway and the rest of Scandinavia. IsaDora has also expanded into the US market and was sold in Walgreens stores in the United States from 2003 until 2008. It is also sold in the United Kingdom. It was one of the sponsors and partners of the Eurovision Song Contest 2013. Part of the IsaDora sortiment that appeared on posters as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17532880\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Records\",\n \"text\": \"Isadora Records Isadora Records is an independent record label started and operated by Hawksley Workman. The first album released was Workman's own debut, \\\"For Him and the Girls\\\", in 1999. The label has been releasing albums online since 2004. Isadora's earlier releases were manufactured and distributed by Universal Music, but more recently they have been distributed by Warner Music in Canada, Sheer Music in the US, and Alternative Distribution Alliance in other markets. The company's logo, a nude silhouette, was designed by Workman's mother, artist Beverly Hawksley. The name \\\"Isadora\\\" originated with a publicity campaign in which Workman published love\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7727545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Raymond Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"printing press was featured in an interview at the academy for a 1955 documentary by Orson Welles, \\\"Around the World with Orson Welles: St.-Germain-des-Prés\\\".Nouec Vihan At the age of 73, he proposed creating the city of \\\"New Paris York\\\" at latitude 45N, longitude 36W (in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean) as a symbol of cooperation and inter-cultural communication. Raymond Duncan Raymond Duncan (November 1, 1874, San Francisco, California – August 14, 1966, Cavalaire-sur-Mer, France) was an American dancer, artist, poet, craftsman, and philosopher, and brother of dancer Isadora Duncan. Born in San Francisco on November 1, 1874, Raymond Duncan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12040986\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Records\",\n \"text\": \"letters, and classified ads in \\\"Now\\\" magazine, to the fictitious Isadora, an idealized lover. The letters eventually formed the book \\\"Hawksley Burns for Isadora\\\", from Gutter Press in Toronto. Isadora's recording artists have included Hawksley Workman and Serena Ryder. Isadora Records Isadora Records is an independent record label started and operated by Hawksley Workman. The first album released was Workman's own debut, \\\"For Him and the Girls\\\", in 1999. The label has been releasing albums online since 2004. Isadora's earlier releases were manufactured and distributed by Universal Music, but more recently they have been distributed by Warner Music in Canada,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7727546\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Magic Item Compendium\",\n \"text\": \"Magic Item Compendium The Magic Item Compendium is a book written for the 3.5 edition of the \\\"Dungeons & Dragons\\\" fantasy role-playing game. The \\\"Magic Item Compendium\\\" contains over a thousand magic items used in \\\"Dungeons & Dragons\\\". The book contains new items as well as items previously appearing in 3rd edition books, including the \\\"Arms and Equipment Guide\\\", \\\"Magic of Faerûn\\\", and \\\"Complete Divine\\\", updated as necessary for version 3.5. The book classifies the items according to four broad categories: Armor (chapter one), Weapons (chapter two), Clothing (chapter three), and Tools (chapter four). Clothing refers to any non-armor item\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10008835\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Newman\",\n \"text\": \"in 1926, under the name Isadora Newman, which became her \\\"nom de plume\\\". The book was praised both in the U.S. and in translation abroad, and was followed by a poetry collection, \\\"Shades of Blue\\\", in 1927, two books of folk tales in German in 1930, and a play, \\\"Granny’s Garden\\\", first produced in 1931. She painted, primarily watercolors, and studied sculpture in France. She received a degree from La Horde Society. Her work was regularly exhibited at galleries in New York, Louisiana, as well as in European galleries. Apart from her artistic endeavors, Newman was recognized for her philanthropy.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20616280\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ruff (clothing)\",\n \"text\": \"of the Constitutional Court of Italy wear a robe with an elementar ruff in the neck. Underground artist Klaus Nomi used a ruff as part of his concert attire toward the end of his life, both to complement the Renaissance-era music he focused on during his late career, and to hide the Kaposi's sarcoma lesions on his neck. In the twentieth century, the ruff inspired the name of the Elizabethan collar for animals. Ruff (clothing) A ruff is an item of clothing worn in Western Europe from the mid-sixteenth century to the mid-seventeenth century. The ruff, which was worn by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5457634\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora\",\n \"text\": \"under the name of Peppy Dora in a rowdy music hall in Chicago and publicly embarrasses the theatre manager into paying her $300 so that she can take her family to England. Modeling her free-form style of dance and costume after Greek classicism, she rapidly acquires international acclaim. In Berlin, she meets her first love, Gordon Craig, a young stage designer who promises her that together they will create a new world of theatre. After bearing the already-married Craig a daughter, Isadora moves to Paris and meets Paris Singer, a millionaire who lavishes gifts upon her and later buys her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1711697\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sewell Stokes\",\n \"text\": \"job in 1918 was as a book reviewer and gossip writer with \\\"The Sunday Times\\\" in London. Three years later, he became assistant editor for \\\"T.P.'s Weekly\\\", a radical newspaper founded in 1902 by the Irish journalist and member of parliament Thomas Power O'Connor. The author became friendly with the American dancer Isadora Duncan towards the very end of her life, when she was penniless and alone, and in 1928, shortly after her death, wrote a memoir of his conversations with her entitled \\\"Isadora, an Intimate Portrait\\\". Years later, he co-wrote the film script for the BBC TV film, Isadora\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9356890\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cost database\",\n \"text\": \"Company, Cost Data Online (Richardson Estimating Standards), Frank R. Walker Company, BNI Building News, and Design & Construction Resources. The cost database may be stored in relational database management system, which may be in either an open or proprietary format, serving the data to the cost estimating software. The cost database may be hosted in the cloud. Estimators use a cost database to store data in structured way which is easy to manage and retrieve. The most basic element of a cost estimate and therefore the cost database is the estimate line item or work item. An example is \\\"Concrete,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16941554\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Item number\",\n \"text\": \"Khan performed an item number of sorts during the opening credits of \\\"Kaal\\\" but later had an item number in a truer sense of the word with \\\"Dard-e-Disco\\\" in \\\"Om Shanti Om\\\", where he was shot in a more typical \\\"item girl\\\" manner, with Khan wearing minimal clothing (though this number did have a connection, albeit tenuous, with the plot of the film). In \\\"Krazzy 4\\\", Hrithik Roshan has an item number during the end credits. Ranbir Kapoor made his debut in an item number in \\\"Chillar Party\\\" (2011); drawing inspiration from Rishi Kapoor's Qawwali song \\\"Parda\\\" from \\\"Amar Akbar\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5112513\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Traditional clothing of Kosovo\",\n \"text\": \"the neck were embroidered with threads of black cord. Women also used to wear fur which was seldom that of sheep and known as 'gala'. It was a sleeveless item of clothing. \\\"Tëlinat\\\" remained mostly the same, except of the \\\"kamzave\\\" which were pieces of thicker material and covered the knees. They were usually decorated with different kinds of embroidery. Socks were made out of thick woolen sheep thread and were embellished along the pulps. These embellishments differentiated due to age. Traditional clothing of women consisted of a lot of accessories, such as earrings, bracelets and rings. Elderly women's clothing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17118430\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"English medieval clothing\",\n \"text\": \"unfair discontinuity in the rules; lower class citizens could never wear an item designated for the upper class, whereas the upper class could wear anything that suited them. For example, wives and daughters of servants were not to wear veils that cost more than twelve cents. The English sumptuary acts of 1463 go into explicit detail about clothing items which were reserved for those below the king's status, putting restrictions on coat length and shoe height. In this legislation, the intention was to prevent men from acting as if they were from a higher class by way of how they\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13283056\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Whole-life cost\",\n \"text\": \"years, in reality it will possibly perform well beyond this design life. For assets like these a balanced view between maintenance strategies and renewal/rehabilitation is required. The appropriateness of the maintenance strategy must be questioned, the point of intervention for renewal must be challenged. The process requires proactive assessment which must be based on the performance expected of the asset, the consequences and probabilities of failures occurring, and the level of expenditure in maintenance to keep the service available and to avert disaster. Whole-life cost is often referred to as \\\"total cost of ownership (TCO)\\\" when applied to IT hardware\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11876541\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Whole-life cost\",\n \"text\": \"be a worthwhile investment. Other issues which influence the lifecycle costs of an asset include: Although the general approach to determining whole-life costs is common to most types of asset, each asset will have specific issues to be considered and the detail of the assessment needs to be tailored to the importance and value of the asset. High cost assets (and asset systems) will likely have more detail, as will critical assets and asset systems. Maintenance expenditure can account for many times the initial cost of the asset. Although an asset may be constructed with a design life of 30\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11876540\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Magic Item Compendium\",\n \"text\": \"and shields have an additional \\\"item slot\\\" of their own to allow players to customize their weapons for situational benefits without drastically adding to the cost of the item. A revised magic item upgrade system is included, which separates miscellaneous powers (such as continuous and charge or per-day spell effects) from standard bonuses. These bonuses are now quickly added to any appropriate item without the \\\"additional powers\\\" multiplier. This has a number of benefits: first of all, players typically get magic items at a rather low level and then upgrade them with ability bonuses. Any item looted during later levels,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10008839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lois Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"said that her \\\"dream is to write a sequel to \\\"Who Killed My Daughter?\\\" to give our family's true life horror story a closure. Of course, for that to be possible, Kait's case must be solved.\\\" Duncan also founded a research centre to help investigate cold cases, which later became the nonprofit Resource Center for Victims of Violent Deaths. After Kait's death, Duncan began writing children's picture books, saying that she could no longer write about young women in life-threatening situations. On June 15, 2016, at the age of 82, Duncan died at her home in Bradenton, Florida of undisclosed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7130159\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Traditional clothing of Kosovo\",\n \"text\": \"such as earrings, bracelets, rings, necklaces and clasps. \\\"Veshja me dimi\\\" consists of \\\"pështjellak\\\", made out of fur which is the most important item of the apparel and a shirt which is made out of silk or cotton fabric. Traditional clothing of Kosovo Traditional clothing (folk costume) is one of the factors that has differentiated this nation from neighboring countries, dating back as far as the Illyrian era. The evolution this attire has undergone, has been in service of modernization and contemporary style, however, the fundamental symbols and motives by which these garments are designed tend to resemble Illyrian antiquity.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17118443\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Life-cycle cost analysis\",\n \"text\": \"Costing, or just Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), generally has a broader scope, including environmental costs. To help building and facility managers make sound decisions, the US Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) provides guidance and resources on applying LCCA that permits the cost-effectiveness of energy and water efficiency investments to be evaluated (see NIST Handbook 135). This document includes an introduction to LCCA. Life cycle cost can be conducted in two approaches: deterministic and probabilistic method. Life-cycle cost analysis Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a tool to determine the most cost-effective option among different competing alternatives to purchase, own, operate, maintain\",\n \"psg_id\": \"824079\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Audy Item\",\n \"text\": \"Audy Item Paula Allodya Item, also known as Audy Item (born April 23, 1983) is an Indonesian singer. She is the third child of three siblings of a jazz musician, Jopie Item, and Evie Aquanthie Aziz. Her oldest brother, Stevie Item, is a guitarist in Andra and The BackBone. She is married to Iko Uwais and they have two daughters. Audy signed a recording contract with Sony BMG Music Indonesia and releasing debut studio album \\\"18\\\" which took from her age. Her debut single \\\"Janji Diatas Ingkar (Mendua)\\\" was released in 2002 and became her success in Indonesian chart song.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17820880\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Amy Duncan (singer)\",\n \"text\": \"Amy Duncan (singer) Amy Duncan is a Scottish singer/songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. She has recorded four albums: Pilgrimage (2006), Story of a Girl (2007), Potential-Space (2010), Cycles of Life (2013) and Undercurrents (2016), which was released under her own label, Filly Records. Duncan is a classically trained double bass player, studying at both the RNCM in Manchester and the RSAMD in Glasgow. After completing her studies, Duncan played double bass in experimental band Swelling Meg, who achieved a following in Edinburgh and Glasgow’s underground music scene but disbanded in 2000. Becoming a mother in 2000 saw Duncan channel her new perspective\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16389738\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vanessa Redgrave\",\n \"text\": \"Suitable Case for Treatment\\\" (1966), co-starring David Warner and directed by Karel Reisz, for which she received an Oscar nomination, a Cannes award, a Golden Globe nomination and a BAFTA Film Award nomination. Following this, she portrayed a cool London swinger in \\\"Blowup\\\" (1966). Co-starring David Hemmings, it was the first English-language film of the Italian director Michelangelo Antonioni. Reunited with Karel Reisz for the biographical film of dancer Isadora Duncan in \\\"Isadora\\\" (1968), her portrayal of Duncan led her gaining a National Society of Film Critics' Award for Best Actress, a second Prize for the Best Female Performance at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"735114\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Clothing\",\n \"text\": \"a consumable item. Mass-manufactured clothing is less expensive than the labor required to repair it. Many people buy a new piece of clothing rather than spend time mending. The thrifty still replace zippers and buttons and sew up ripped hems. Used, unwearable clothing can be repurposed for quilts, rags, rugs, bandages, and many other household uses. It can also be recycled into paper. In Western societies, used clothing is often thrown out or donated to charity (such as through a clothing bin). It is also sold to consignment shops, dress agencies, flea markets, and in online auctions. Used clothing is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"491839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadora Williams\",\n \"text\": \"at Nebelhorn to once again qualify for the 2018 Winter Olympics. Also in 2017 she placed 2nd at Volvo Open Cup, competition held in Riga, Latvia. During the Olympic tournament, Williams made history by finishing 17th in the short program, enough to become the first Brazilian and South American to ever take part in the skating final. She placed 24th in the Free Skate and placed 24th overall. \\\"CS: Challenger Series; JGP: Junior Grand Prix\\\" Isadora Williams Isadora Marie Williams (born 8 February 1996) is a Brazilian-American figure skater. She has won five senior international medals, including bronze at the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318821\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Amy Duncan (singer)\",\n \"text\": \"Cycles of Life (2013), Duncan's fourth album, was released on 15 April 2013. This album was produced by Calum Malcolm with funding from Creative Scotland. Her first single from the album, 'Navigating', was released in February 2013. Amy Duncan (singer) Amy Duncan is a Scottish singer/songwriter and multi-instrumentalist. She has recorded four albums: Pilgrimage (2006), Story of a Girl (2007), Potential-Space (2010), Cycles of Life (2013) and Undercurrents (2016), which was released under her own label, Filly Records. Duncan is a classically trained double bass player, studying at both the RNCM in Manchester and the RSAMD in Glasgow. After completing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16389741\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sabrina Jones\",\n \"text\": \"History of the Industrial Workers of the World, Verso 2005. Her work for the Real Cost of Prisons inspired her to create Mixed Signals, a counter-recruitment tool in comic book form. Her first long form Graphic Novel was Isadora Duncan, A Graphic Biography, Hill & Wang, published in 2008. 2010 saw one of Sabrina Jones first collaborations with a writer, Paul Buhle. Buhle wrote the text for FDR and the New Deal for Beginners, which was illustrated entirely by Jones. The mixture of graphic novel and history book by Buhle and Jones was the latest in the long line of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14705767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacinta Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Jacinta Duncan Jacinta Duncan is an Australian science educator who grew up on marginal farming land in the Millewa area in the top North West of Victoria. Working alongside her father, Duncan learned animal husbandry, and how to crop wheat and barley while her mother, a primary school teacher, taught her music, French and took her to learn ballet. Duncan says \\\"the importance of an inquisitive mind and a robust education has always been at the forefront of my life\\\". Completing a Bachelor of Biological Sciences at the La Trobe University, Duncan majored in Biochemistry and Botany. Her Honours year\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18213549\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cost of living\",\n \"text\": \"diem allowance or tied to a specific item, as with housing allowances. Employees who are being permanently relocated are less likely to receive such allowances, but may receive a base salary adjustment to reflect local market conditions. A cost-of-living allowance is frequently given to members of the U.S. military stationed at overseas bases if the area to which a service member is assigned has a higher cost of living than the average area in the United States. For example, service members stationed in Japan receive a cost of living allowance of between $300 and $700 per month (depending on pay\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2794576\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dancer in a Café\",\n \"text\": \"Fauconnet (1882-1920) designed the invitation. Isadora Duncan, wearing a Hellenic evening gown designed by Poiret, danced on tables among 300 guests and 900 bottles of champagne were consumed until the first light of day. Isadora Duncan, a girl from California said to have posed for Eadweard Muybridge, placed an emphasis on \\\"evolutionary\\\" dance motion, insisting that each movement was born from the one that preceded it, that each movement gave rise to the next, and so on in organic succession. Her dancing defined the force of progress, change, abstraction and liberation. In France too Duncan delighted her audience. André Dunoyer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17018049\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Straus Clothing\",\n \"text\": \"encouraged her niece Frederecka (Rickie)'s husband Morris G. Straus to open a clothing business in Casselton, 40 miles away, in 1897. This was also a \\\"one-price\\\" store, with prices posted for each item. In 1903, M. G. Straus recruited his cousin Herman Stern from Germany to come to Casselton and assist with the running of the Straus clothing store (although he was likely also looking for a suitable bachelor to marry his wife's much younger sister, Adeline Roth). After purchasing the larger Sternberg store in Valley City following Adolph's death in 1908, Straus left Stern in charge of the Casselton\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20081726\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rozz Williams\",\n \"text\": \"film maker Nico B. The film stars Rozz Williams and James Hollan and was produced and directed by Nico B. \\\"Pig\\\" was the last work Williams did. In the introduction for the book \\\"And What About the Bells?\\\", Ryan Wildstar (born Ryan Gaumer), Williams' friend and roommate of eight years, stated that on March 31, the night before Williams took his own life, they watched the film \\\"Isadora\\\", about dancer Isadora Duncan, during which Wildstar retired to bed despite Williams' protest, who said, \\\"You don't even know how it ends!\\\" Wildstar replied that he knew Isadora hangs to death at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2497568\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isadorables\",\n \"text\": \"been Isadora's admirer. In New York, she taught and acted in films. Irma later married an American, Sherman Rogers, and taught and performed with her dancers. Erica (Erika, the only Isadorable not to continue a dancing career), became a painter, according to sometime director of Isadora Duncan International Institute Ms. Bardsley. On September 13, 1988, the active disciples of the Isadorables, who together formed the Duncan Council, scheduled an event to honor Maria-Theresa Duncan, who had died the year before. The event was conceived by one of Theresa’s own pupils, who directed the Isadora Duncan International Institute. Isadorables The Isadorables\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13262916\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Economy of Second Life\",\n \"text\": \"to Second Life business and the general Second Life economy. For example, the \\\"SLIPPcat\\\" advertising system encourages companies to provide content in Second Life which can not only be obtained for free but which \\\"generates income\\\" for its owner by displaying advertisements to other users when clicked . SL businesses are especially vulnerable to business disruption due to the zero marginal cost of production. In 2007, Anshe Chung was criticised for marketing a line of furniture in which every item was sold for 10 Linden dollars (approximately 4 cents.) Selling such items was viable for Anshe because the majority of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9286915\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Item Unique Identification\",\n \"text\": \"Item Unique Identification Unique Identification Marking, UID marking, Item Unique Identification or IUID, is a part of the compliance process mandated by the United States Department of Defense. It is a permanent marking method used to give equipment a unique ID. Marking is essential for all equipment with an acquisition cost of over $5,000, equipment which is mission essential, controlled inventory, or serially-controlled. UID-marking is a set of data for assets that is globally unique and unambiguous. The technology used to mark an item is 2D Data Matrix ECC 200 Symbol. UID marking can be used to ensure data integrity\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12403653\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cost database\",\n \"text\": \"the assumed crew which will install the item or perform the work. Resources and crews can be stored as data in the cost database and can also be related to work items. Examples of cost database line items: Examples of cost database labor resources: Examples of cost database equipment resources: Examples of cost database crews: Various factors and adjustments may be useful in the estimating process. Some examples include: Data which may be used to organize a cost estimate into groups and levels, and to summarize the cost details can also be part of a cost database. A popular coding\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16941556\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lesley Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"previous life in the music industry. By all accounts content to lead a more private, family-oriented life in her later years, she died on 12 March 2010 of cerebrovascular disease. following an extended illness. Lesley Duncan Lesley Duncan (married name Lesley Cox; 12 August 1943 – 12 March 2010) was an English singer-songwriter, best known for her work during the 1970s. She received a lot of airplay on British radio stations such as BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 2; but never achieved great commercial success, in part because of her unwillingness to chase stardom, and crippling stage fright. Duncan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4468982\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"BeGood Clothing\",\n \"text\": \"BeGood Clothing BeGood Clothing is a socially responsible clothing, and accessories online retailer based in San Francisco, California. BeGood Clothing features not only sustainable fashion and gifts that are eco-friendly, but it also gives back to an environmental or humanitarian cause for each item purchased. The company supports local San Francisco nonprofits, participates in charitable events, as well as donates customers’ gently used clothing to Goodwill Industries monthly. BeGood Clothing shows how real charity and environmental care is done. Founded by Mark Spera and Dean Ramadan, Dailycandy named BeGood Clothing one of \\\"The Best New Shops and Fashion Stories of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17674063\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Basque (clothing)\",\n \"text\": \"Basque (clothing) A basque is an item of women's clothing. The term, of French origin, originally referred to types of bodice or jacket with long tails, and in later usage a long corset, characterized by a close, contoured fit and extending past the waistline over the hips. It is so called because the original French fashion for long women's jackets was adopted from Basque traditional dress. In contemporary usage it refers only to a long item of lingerie, in effect a brassiere that continues down, stopping around the waist or the top of the hips, the lower part essentially decorative\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10625083\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacinta Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"the next generation of scientists and promote a society that will participate in informed debate.\\\" Jacinta Duncan Jacinta Duncan is an Australian science educator who grew up on marginal farming land in the Millewa area in the top North West of Victoria. Working alongside her father, Duncan learned animal husbandry, and how to crop wheat and barley while her mother, a primary school teacher, taught her music, French and took her to learn ballet. Duncan says \\\"the importance of an inquisitive mind and a robust education has always been at the forefront of my life\\\". Completing a Bachelor of Biological\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18213554\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lois Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"a sequel to \\\"Who Killed My Daughter?\\\" titled \\\"One to the Wolves\\\", was published in 2013. Duncan was born Lois Duncan Steinmetz on April 28, 1934 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the first child of Lois Duncan (née Foley) and Joseph Janney Steinmetz. Duncan had one younger brother, William Janney \\\"Billy\\\" Steinmetz. Both of Duncan's parents were professional magazine photographers who took photos for the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus. She spent her early life in Pennsylvania, relocating in her late childhood to Sarasota, Florida, where her parents resumed their employment as circus photographers. In Florida, she spent her youth\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7130148\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Life-cycle cost analysis\",\n \"text\": \"Life-cycle cost analysis Life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA) is a tool to determine the most cost-effective option among different competing alternatives to purchase, own, operate, maintain and, finally, dispose of an object or process, when each is equally appropriate to be implemented on technical grounds. For example, for a highway pavement, in addition to the initial construction cost, LCCA takes into account all the user costs, (e.g., reduced capacity at work zones), and agency costs related to future activities, including future periodic maintenance and rehabilitation. All the costs are usually discounted and total to a present-day value known as net present\",\n \"psg_id\": \"824077\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cost database\",\n \"text\": \"4000 psi (30 MPa),\\\" which is the description of the item. In the cost database, an item is a row or record in a table (of items) and the description is a column or field for that record. Concrete may also be considered to be a material resource. In some systems, estimate line items and resources are the same, in other systems, various resources may be included with a line item. Other examples of resources are labor resources, such as carpenters, and equipment resources, such as cranes. Labor and equipment resources can be combined into a crew, which is then\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16941555\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Historical cost\",\n \"text\": \"records a sale of $115. The cost of sales is $100, being the historical cost of the asset. This gives rise to a gain of $15 which is wholly recognized in year 2. It is standard under the historical cost basis to report the cost of inventory (stock) at the lower of cost and net realisable value. As a result:- Property, plant and equipment is recorded at its historical cost. Cost includes:- In IFRS, cost also includes the initial estimate of the costs of dismantling and removing the item and restoring it. Cost may include the cost of borrowing to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"974428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dwight Duncan\",\n \"text\": \"Power Generation. In July 2004, based on a recommendation of the OPG Review Committee, which Duncan appointed to review the cost over-runs and delays plaguing the restart of the four reactors at the Pickering Nuclear Generating Station, Duncan announced the government would proceed with the restart of reactor one at the Pickering station. Although smaller, the restart project still underwent cost over-runs and delays. As a result, the McGuinty government announced that it would not proceed with the restart of the two remaining Pickering A reactors and permanently mothballed them. In 2005, Duncan concluded a deal with Bruce Power to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3860558\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["scarf- it was caught in a moving car wheel"],"string":"[\n \"scarf- it was caught in a moving car wheel\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":88,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who had a 70s no 1 hit with let your love flow?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Let Your Love Flow","text":"Let Your Love Flow \"Let Your Love Flow\" is a pop song written by Larry E. Williams which was recorded in the autumn of 1975 by country music duo the Bellamy Brothers for whom it afforded an international hit in 1976. The song's composer Larry E. Williams had been a roadie for Neil Diamond's live shows and \"Let Your Love Flow\" had been published by Bicycle Music who owned Diamond's own catalog having been founded by the singer - on Diamond's apparent disinterest in recording the song himself Howard Bellamy of the Bellamy Brothers has commented \"it really wasn't in","psg_id":"10628215"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Love Flow\",\n \"text\": \"Let Your Love Flow \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" is a pop song written by Larry E. Williams which was recorded in the autumn of 1975 by country music duo the Bellamy Brothers for whom it afforded an international hit in 1976. The song's composer Larry E. Williams had been a roadie for Neil Diamond's live shows and \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" had been published by Bicycle Music who owned Diamond's own catalog having been founded by the singer - on Diamond's apparent disinterest in recording the song himself Howard Bellamy of the Bellamy Brothers has commented \\\"it really wasn't in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10628215\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Let Your Love Flow","text":"the British Isles the track achieved chart peaks of #7 in the UK and #3 in Ireland. \"Let Your Love Flow\" also reached #1 on the hit parade for South Africa, #2 in New Zealand and #6 in Australia. In 2008 and 2009 \"Let Your Love Flow\" enjoyed a UK chart renaissance due to the song's being featured in a television ad for Barclays promoting the bank's Barclaycard in its contactless format. Filmed in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, the ad's focus was on an office clerk - played by Robert Wilfort - who utilizes his Barclaycard while traveling","psg_id":"10628222"},{"title":"Let Your Love Flow","text":"Dutch Top 30 chart dated 6 March 1976, the same date as the track's \"Billboard\" Top 40 debut at #38: the track would eventually peak at #6 on both the Dutch chart and Belgium's Flemish chart. In June and July 1976 \"Let Your Love Flow\" spent five weeks at #1 in Germany and also in Switzerland, while the track would be ranked at #1 on the monthly Austrian hit parades dated the 15th of August, September and October. \"Let Your Love Flow\" was afforded further European success with a seven-week tenure at #2 in both Norway and Sweden, while in","psg_id":"10628221"},{"title":"Let Your Love Flow","text":"career.\" \"Let Your Love Flow\" reached #1 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 dated 1 May 1976, also crossing-over to the \"Billboard\" chart rankings for Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks with a peak of #2, and also for Hot Country Singles with a peak of #21. According to David Bellamy (quote): \"There were a couple of guys from Holland [ie. the Netherlands] who were in town when the single was released, and our record company gave it to them to take home and they also sent it to Germany\", and \"Let Your Love Flow\" would in fact debut at #22 on the","psg_id":"10628220"},{"title":"Let Your Love Flow","text":"for an advertisement [until] after the single started climbing the charts in England. Any artist is always thrilled when one of your signature songs has longevity like this because it was thirty-two years ago when we first released the tune. We’ve always had such faithful fans in Europe, like we do in the United States, but with the single charting again we’re introducing our music to a whole new generation of music lovers.\" In other media, \"Let Your Love Flow\" was featured in the 1980 Tatum O'Neal film \"Little Darlings\", the 2008 period drama \"Swingtown,\" and season 2 episode 'No","psg_id":"10628224"},{"title":"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear","text":"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\" is a popular song first recorded by Elvis Presley in 1957 for the soundtrack of his second motion picture, \"Loving You\", during which Presley performs the song on screen. It was written by Kal Mann and Bernie Lowe and published in 1957 by Gladys Music. The song was a U.S. No. 1 hit for during the summer of 1957, staying at No. 1 for seven weeks, the third of the four Presley had that year. \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\" would also hit No. 1 on the","psg_id":"5805154"},{"title":"The Bellamy Brothers","text":"Your Love Flow\", written by Diamond's roadie Larry Williams. Released in 1976, \"Let Your Love Flow\" was a No. 1 single on the United States pop charts, as well as more than a dozen countries worldwide. Although \"Let Your Love Flow\" was also a hit on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, the Bellamys' country music success was limited until 1979, when \"If I Said You Had a Beautiful Body Would You Hold It Against Me\" was released. The song, whose \"double entendre\" title was derived from a Groucho Marx quote, landed the Bellamys their first country music No.","psg_id":"4924631"},{"title":"Let Me Be Your Fantasy","text":"\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the rave era\". And in 2018, \"Mixmag\" listed \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\" as one of The 30 best vocal house anthems ever. \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\" only reached No. 76 when first released in 1992 by Production House Records. It remained popular however, and the single was reissued in the UK on 7 November 1994 by London Records subsidiary Systematic Records. It entered the chart at No. 3 before climbing to number 1 the following week, where it remained for two weeks. It was the 18th best","psg_id":"10279975"},{"title":"Let Love Be Your Energy","text":"in most countries and the World Chart. Let Love Be Your Energy \"Let Love Be Your Energy\" is a song by Robbie Williams released in 2001 as the fourth single from his album \"Sing When You're Winning\". The music video for the single was presented in animation. It featured a cartoon facsimile of Williams always on the run in search of love. There is a second, raunchier version of the video depicting animated nudity and sex. The song was not as successful as the previous singles lifted from the album, but it still managed to make the UK top ten","psg_id":"4470223"},{"title":"Let Love Be Your Energy","text":"Let Love Be Your Energy \"Let Love Be Your Energy\" is a song by Robbie Williams released in 2001 as the fourth single from his album \"Sing When You're Winning\". The music video for the single was presented in animation. It featured a cartoon facsimile of Williams always on the run in search of love. There is a second, raunchier version of the video depicting animated nudity and sex. The song was not as successful as the previous singles lifted from the album, but it still managed to make the UK top ten and it broke inside the top forty","psg_id":"4470222"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Best Shot","text":"Hit Me with Your Best Shot \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\" is a song by American rock singer Pat Benatar. In 1980, it was released as the second single from her second album \"Crimes of Passion\". It hit No. 7 in \"Cash Box\", and reached No. 9 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming her first Top 10 hit. \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\" sold well over a million copies in the U.S., achieving a gold certification by the RIAA. The song is one of Benatar's most recognizable tracks. Heard at many baseball and soccer games, the song has","psg_id":"8731476"},{"title":"If I Had Your Love","text":"If I Had Your Love \"If I Had Your Love\" was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005, performed in English by Selma. The song is an up-tempo dance number, with Selma singing about what she would do \"If I had your love\". She claims that it would inspire her above all other things. The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing, as it featured a number of tempo and key changes in unusual places.<br> The performance featured Selma wearing a red outfit with what were described as knickerbocker trousers. Her backing singers wore","psg_id":"8541358"},{"title":"Who You Love","text":"that his relationship with Perry has been a private and \"human\" one. On writing the song, Mayer said: \"Who You Love\" is a sweet melody that tells the story of opening your heart up and allowing yourself to fully love the person in your life—or specifically to \"love who you love, who you love.\" \"It was a really great experience and the song is one of these like old FM '70s and '80s sort of like duets, and I listened back to it; it's, like, really convincing. And I watched it get made and I'm still kind of taken aback.\"","psg_id":"17643070"},{"title":"If I Had Your Love","text":"favoured to progress to the final, based on Selma's previous success at the 1999 Contest. It was succeeded as Icelandic representative at the 2006 Contest by Silvía Night with \"Congratulations\". If I Had Your Love \"If I Had Your Love\" was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005, performed in English by Selma. The song is an up-tempo dance number, with Selma singing about what she would do \"If I had your love\". She claims that it would inspire her above all other things. The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing, as it","psg_id":"8541360"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Best Shot","text":"In early 2011, however, the song was leaked on the Internet. Other artists who have performed the song live include singer-songwriter Kelly Clarkson, whose version of \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\" received praise by \"Time\". Fictional music group Alvin and the Chipmunks recorded a male rendition for their 1982 album \"Chipmunk Rock\". Aberdonian Singing Sensation Karen Sinclair performed a cover of \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\" to qualify for the Globe Inn 2015 'Can You Front a Rock Band' competition, with local rock band FUBAR. Hit Me with Your Best Shot \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\" is","psg_id":"8731479"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"onwards, that \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" finally became a million-seller. The song has been used for numerous purposes since its release including various adverts (including one in 2006 for financial company Capital One) and in numerous television programmes (including the \"Doctor Who\" episode \"Tooth and Claw\"). It has had its lyrics changed often, including in one instance to 'hit me with your oven chip'. This, combined with its continued popularity and original chart success has ensured that today the song is incredibly easily to find on CD, not only on all of Ian Dury's compilations but in numerous","psg_id":"8037128"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"by Song\" that the song was written in Rolvenden, Kent during a jamming session between him and Dury. Jankel relates that the music was inspired by a piano part near the end of \"Wake Up and Make Love with Me\" (a song on Dury's solo debut \"New Boots and Panties!!\" that Jankel had co-written) and that after listening to it, Dury presented the lyrics for \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" to him the same afternoon. This was later corroborated by Dury. Dury mentioned a number of origins for his lyrics, including claiming that he had written them up to","psg_id":"8037118"},{"title":"Let Me Be Your Fantasy","text":"selling single of 1994 in the UK. The song was released for a third time in 2000 as a UK garage remix by Trick or Treat. This version, featuring MC Tails, peaked at No. 16. Let Me Be Your Fantasy \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\" is a song by the British musical group Baby D. Originally released by Production House Records in 1992, it became a number-one UK single in November 1994 when re-released by London Records subsidiary Systematic. Sam Richards, writing in \"The Guardian\" in 2015, said \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the","psg_id":"10279976"},{"title":"Rest Your Love on Me","text":"Rest Your Love on Me \"Rest Your Love on Me\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \"Too Much Heaven\". \"Rest Your Love on Me\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \"Children of the World\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \"Too Much Heaven\" was released, as \"Rest Your Love on Me\" was chosen as the B-side. As a country song, it did not fit","psg_id":"14155181"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"to be realized despite her association with The Beatles, her recording of the Lennon-McCartney original \"Love of the Loved\" having been only a modest hit (No.35). Martin produced the session for Black's recording of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" at Abbey Road Studios; the arrangement was by Johnny Pearson and the session personnel included guitarists Vic Flick and Big Jim Sullivan and The Breakaways vocal group. Black's single of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" debuted at No.28 on the UK Top 50 dated 8 February 1964. The Dionne Warwick original, issued by Scepter's UK licensee Pye Records, debuted on the","psg_id":"8026221"},{"title":"There's No Stopping Your Heart (song)","text":"Stopping Your Heart\" was her first No. 1 hit since 1973, when she hit the top with a cover of Anita Bryant's \"Paper Roses\". Just prior to her solo comeback, Osmond had a No. 1 hit duet with Dan Seals, \"Meet Me in Montana\". There's No Stopping Your Heart (song) \"There's No Stopping Your Heart\" is a song written by Michael Bonagura and Craig Karp, and recorded by American country music artist Marie Osmond. It was released in September 1985 as the third single and title track from the album \"There's No Stopping Your Heart\". The song became Marie Osmond's","psg_id":"14163048"},{"title":"Lose Your Love","text":"Lose Your Love \"Lose Your Love\" is a song by English synthpop duo Blancmange, released in 1985 as the second single from their third studio album \"Believe You Me\". It was written by Neil Arthur and Stephen Luscombe, and produced by Stewart Levine. \"Lose Your Love\" reached No. 77 in the UK, which was the duo's first single to fail to reach the Top 40 since 1982's \"Feel Me\". In the United States, it was a dance hit, reaching No. 2 on the \"Billboard\" Dance/Club Play Songs Chart. For its release as a single, \"Lose Your Love\" was remixed. The","psg_id":"16677692"},{"title":"Put a Little Love in Your Heart","text":"Put a Little Love in Your Heart \"Put a Little Love in Your Heart\" is a song originally performed in 1969 by Jackie DeShannon, who composed it with her brother Randy Myers and Jimmy Holiday. In the U.S., it was DeShannon's highest-charting hit, reaching number 4 on the Hot 100 in August 1969 and number 2 on the Adult Contemporary charts. In late 1969, the song reached number one on South Africa's hit parade. The song rivaled the success of her signature song, \"What the World Needs Now Is Love\". In 1988, Annie Lennox and Al Green recorded a version","psg_id":"10755928"},{"title":"Let Your Yeah Be Yeah","text":"this song was recorded by British reggae band UB40's singer Ali Campbell for his solo album Big Love in 1995. It was released as a single and reached no. 25 in the U.K. Let Your Yeah Be Yeah \"Let Your Yeah Be Yeah\" is a song written by Jamaican singer Jimmy Cliff. It was first recorded by vocal trio The Pioneers, whose version, co-produced by Cliff, reached no. 5 on the UK singles chart in 1971. In 1973 it was recorded by American rock band Brownsville Station for their album \"Yeah!\". Released as a single, it was the band's second","psg_id":"13691968"},{"title":"Rest Your Love on Me","text":"went to number one for one week and spent a total of 10 weeks within the Top 40. Rest Your Love on Me \"Rest Your Love on Me\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \"Too Much Heaven\". \"Rest Your Love on Me\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \"Children of the World\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \"Too Much Heaven\" was released, as","psg_id":"14155184"},{"title":"The '70s Anthology","text":"The '70s Anthology The '70s Anthology is a 2002 two compact disc set of many of the songs recorded by the 1970s groupings of The Supremes. The set features 42 tracks, of which 10 had never been released, and 6 were appearing in extended or unedited forms. The set features a 24-page booklet with liner notes written by Mary Wilson, who was the only member in every version of The Supremes through 1977. Probably the most notable of the new material are the songs \"Oh My Poor Baby\", \"Make It With You\", \"I'll Let Him Know That I Love Him\",","psg_id":"5999349"},{"title":"Your Hit Parade","text":"Your Hit Parade Your Hit Parade is an American radio and television music program that was broadcast from 1935 to 1953 on radio, and seen from 1950 to 1959 on television. It was sponsored by American Tobacco's Lucky Strike cigarettes. During this 24-year run, the show had 19 orchestra leaders and 52 singers or groups. Many listeners and viewers casually referred to the show with the incorrect title The Hit Parade. When the show debuted, there was no agreement as to what it should be called. The press referred to it in a variety of ways, with the most common","psg_id":"2013435"},{"title":"Love Won't Let Me Wait","text":"Love Won't Let Me Wait \"Love Won't Let Me Wait\" is a hit 1975 single by Major Harris, a former member of R&B/soul group The Delfonics. Written by Vinnie Barrett and Bobby Eli, the single is considered to be a staple of classic soul playlists, and was Harris' only entry into the top five on both the soul and pop charts. The single hit number five on the pop chart, and also hit number one on the soul chart for one week. \"Billboard\" ranked it as the No. 24 song for 1975. It was awarded a gold disc by the","psg_id":"13434662"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" is a song by Ian Dury and the Blockheads, first released as a single on Stiff Records in the UK on 23 November 1978. Written by Dury and the Blockheads' multi-instrumentalist Chaz Jankel, it is the group's most successful single, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart in January 1979 as well as reaching the top three in Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, and it was also a top 20 hit in several European countries. \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" was named the 12th best single","psg_id":"8037116"},{"title":"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide","text":"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide \"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide\" is the debuting single for singer Marvin Gaye, released as Tamla 54041, in May 1961. It was also the first release off Gaye's debut album, \"The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye\", in which most of the material was the singer's failed attempt at making an 'adult' record compared to Motown's younger R&B sound. In 1960, Marvin Gaye moved to Detroit with his mentor Harvey Fuqua, who had first booked him as a co-lead singer of \"Harvey & the Moonglows\", a splinter version of the popular fifties doo-wop group,","psg_id":"12621109"},{"title":"How Deep Is Your Love (Bee Gees song)","text":"single UK CD single no. 1 UK CD single no. 2 EU CD single no. 1 EU CD single no. 2 Japanese CD single UK 7\" vinyl – jukebox release only How Deep Is Your Love (Bee Gees song) \"How Deep Is Your Love\" is a pop ballad written and recorded by the Bee Gees in 1977 and released as a single in September of that year. It was ultimately used as part of the soundtrack to the film \"Saturday Night Fever\". It was a number three hit in the United Kingdom and Australia. In the United States, it topped","psg_id":"8005981"},{"title":"Let Me Be Your Fantasy","text":"Let Me Be Your Fantasy \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\" is a song by the British musical group Baby D. Originally released by Production House Records in 1992, it became a number-one UK single in November 1994 when re-released by London Records subsidiary Systematic. Sam Richards, writing in \"The Guardian\" in 2015, said \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the rave era.\" \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\" originated in 1992 at the height of the rave scene. The song was written and produced by band member Floyd Dyce and the vocals were sung by Dorothy","psg_id":"10279972"},{"title":"Without Your Love (Roger Daltrey song)","text":"United States, and in various European countries in 1980 and peaked at No. 20 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. It was also a minor hit in the UK reaching #55 in the UK Singles Chart and was a big hit in the Netherlands reaching #2 there. Without Your Love (Roger Daltrey song) \"Without Your Love\" is a song released in 1980 by Roger Daltrey of The Who written by Billy Nicholls and was a hit for him on his album \"McVicar\". The song was written for the soundtrack of the film \"McVicar\", a bio-pic of English bank robber John McVicar,","psg_id":"15455182"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"\"Billboard\" reported that the sales tally for Black's \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" was nearing one million units. Internationally, Black's version also reached No.1 in Ireland, New Zealand and South Africa. In The Netherlands the song reached the No.6 position and in Australia it peaked at No.34. In May 2010, research published by BBC Radio 2 revealed that \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" by Cilla Black was the biggest female UK chart hit of the 1960s. Despite the international success and recognition of Warwick's original version, the besting in Great Britain by Black's version has long been a sore point","psg_id":"8026223"},{"title":"Carrying Your Love with Me (song)","text":"praise his ability to choose hit songs such as \"Carrying Your Love with Me\". Music critic Tony Brown stated that it is \"unlikely that anyone in country music has a better ear for songs.\". Miriam Longino, writing for the Atlantic Constitution, gave the track and the album as a whole an A minus. Another notable review came from music critic Alexander Wiley. He stated that \"Carrying Your Love with Me\" was another \"crown jewel from the king of country music\". Critic Chet Flippo, writing for \"Billboard\", gave a positive review stating that the track and tone of Strait's voice is","psg_id":"11022335"},{"title":"Love Your Love the Most","text":"song, decides to keep his guitar. \"Love Your Love the Most\" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs for the week of February 28, 2009. Love Your Love the Most \"Love Your Love the Most\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eric Church. It was released in February 2009 as the first single from his 2009 album \"Carolina\". The song became his first Top 10 hit on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart with a peak at number 10. Church wrote this song with Michael P. Heeney. \"Love Your Love","psg_id":"13333263"},{"title":"Hit Your Heart","text":"4minute had their debut performance with the song on July 1 on Mnet's \"M! Countdown\". A teaser was released online for a music video, shortly after their live performance on \"M! Countdown\". The full music video was released on July 5, 2010. The song placed at number 9 on Gaon's weekly chart and number 7 on the monthly chart. It finished 2010 at number 70 on the yearly chart. Hit Your Heart Hit Your Heart is the second mini-album by South Korean girl group, 4Minute. The mini-album was released on May 19, 2010, and contains seven tracks. \"HuH\" was being","psg_id":"14574767"},{"title":"Let There Be Love (Christina Aguilera song)","text":"release of \"Lotus\", \"Let There Be Love\" debuted on the South Korea Gaon Single Chart at number 132 during the week of November 11 to 17, 2012. In the United States, the song debuted at number 44 on the Dance Club Songs chart on February 18, 2013. It reached number one with the issue dated June 1, 2013. With \"Let There Be Love\" attaining the number one position on the chart, it upped her total tally to seven number-one songs, and the second from \"Lotus\" to reach the peak, after \"Your Body\" in December 2012. Let There Be Love (Christina","psg_id":"16885076"},{"title":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)","text":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album) Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man is the name of a studio album by country pop singer, Lynn Anderson in 1977. This album was successful and sold well. It was named after her hit single from 1977, \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\". That year, the song was promoted on the highly-popular TV series Starsky & Hutch. Anderson and the song were featured in an episode of the show, bringing great exposure to the title track. The title track reached No. 12 on the Billboard Country charts in 1977. The","psg_id":"10957625"},{"title":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)","text":"first single released from the album in late 1976 titled \"Sweet Talkin' Man\" was a Top 30 Country hit and did fairly well also. \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\", among other songs on this album, was written by songwriter, John Cunningham, who also wrote a couple other Anderson hits in the past. This album featured all new music and was also one of two albums she released in 1977. It reached No. 28 on the \"Top Country Albums\" chart in 1977. Most of the songs on this album had a Country-Disco feel to them. This meant that Anderson's","psg_id":"10957626"},{"title":"Your Love Is a Song","text":"the tally at No. 29 in 2006. \"Your Love Is a Song\" peaked at No. 27 and spent 15 weeks on the chart before falling off. It also fared well on the Christian Songs chart, reaching No. 18 and remaining on the chart for 19 weeks. The song was featured prominently at the end of an episode of \"One Tree Hill\" called \"You Know I Love You, Don't You\". Your Love Is a Song \"Your Love Is a Song\" was written and recorded by the alternative rock band Switchfoot. It was first released as a single to the iTunes Store","psg_id":"14406558"},{"title":"Jennie Let Me Love You","text":"Swedish hit \"Radio\" in December 2008. Published by Aesona Music Publishing. Jennie Let Me Love You Jennie Let Me Love You is the second single released by Swedish boy band E.M.D.. Following the commercial success of their previous single, \"Jennie Let Me Love You\" debuted at #6 on the Swedish singles chart. The following week it climbed to the top spot, where it remained for six consecutive weeks making it the longest running #1 single in Sweden in 2008. It has since been certified Gold, in recognition of 10,000 copies of the single sold. The track was co-written and produced","psg_id":"12370540"},{"title":"I Love the '70s: Volume 2","text":"I Love the '70s: Volume 2 I Love the '70s: Volume 2 is a television mini-series in the \"I Love the...\" series presented by VH1. The sequel to \"I Love the '70s\", it premiered on VH1 from July 10–14, 2006, airing at 8pm and 9pm ET each night. The Guitar Gods of 1970 were Duane Allman of The Allman Brothers Band, Terry Kath of Chicago, and Jimi Hendrix. The \"Guess This Joe\" was Joe Torre. The Guitar Gods of 1971 were Pete Townshend of The Who, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead, and Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin The \"Guess","psg_id":"8063464"},{"title":"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear","text":"R&B Best Sellers List, becoming his fourth No. 1 on that chart. The song also reached No. 1 on the country charts for a single week. The song was used in \"Full House\" and in the Disney special \"D)TV Romancin'. (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\" is a popular song first recorded by Elvis Presley in 1957 for the soundtrack of his second motion picture, \"Loving You\", during which Presley performs the song on screen. It was written by Kal Mann and Bernie Lowe and published in 1957 by Gladys Music. The song was","psg_id":"5805155"},{"title":"Open Up Your Heart (And Let the Sunshine In)","text":"two measures to the published version of Aloha Oe by Princess Lili`uokalani (1878), and \"There's Music In the Air\" by George F. Root (1854), and all three share the same chord progression IV-I-V-I. The 1969 #1 hit song Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In by The 5th Dimension contains the refrain \"Let the Sunshine In\" and backing vocals that include the phrase \"Open Up Your Heart\". Open Up Your Heart (And Let the Sunshine In) \"Open up Your Heart (and Let the Sunshine in)\" is a popular song. It was written by Stuart Hamblen. The song was published in 1954. The biggest","psg_id":"7956638"},{"title":"Let It Down","text":"Harrison in his 1980 autobiography, commentators have identified \"Let It Down\" as a sensual love song. Harrison's musical biographer, Simon Leng, describes the lyrics as being among its composer's \"most tactile\", full of \"sexual passion\" and \"images of sight and touch\". The verses, he suggests, \"[revel] in the kind of sensory luxury any Krishna devotee is required to reject\". Leng also notes the \"clear climactic overtones\" evident in the choruses, where Harrison urges his lover to \"\"Let your hair hang all around me ... / Let your love flow and astound me.\"\" Musically, the composition features contrasting moods between the","psg_id":"16273038"},{"title":"No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion","text":"most tracks of any single artist, with three of their songs included in the compilation. Johnny Thunders appears on five tracks: two by the New York Dolls, two by The Heartbreakers, and his 1978 solo song \"You Can't Put Your Arms Around a Memory\". Notably absent from the compilation are the Sex Pistols, whose singer John Lydon refused Rhino Entertainment permission to include any of the band's tracks, allegedly because Rhino chose not to release the 2002 \"Sex Pistols Boxed Set\" in the United States. No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion is a compilation","psg_id":"9831618"},{"title":"Love Your Love the Most","text":"Love Your Love the Most \"Love Your Love the Most\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eric Church. It was released in February 2009 as the first single from his 2009 album \"Carolina\". The song became his first Top 10 hit on the US \"Billboard\" Hot Country Songs chart with a peak at number 10. Church wrote this song with Michael P. Heeney. \"Love Your Love the Most\" is a mid-tempo song in which the male narrator lists off various objects that he likes (e.g. \"Yes, I love good cold beer / And mustard on","psg_id":"13333260"},{"title":"The Way to Your Heart","text":"The Way to Your Heart \"The Way to Your Heart\" is a 1988 song, and only hit single, by Soulsister, a band consisting of Belgian songwriter/vocalist duo Jan Leyers and Paul Michiels. A mixture of pop and rock with a very Motown-sounding tune, the song is about a boy dreaming of a girl that he‘s in love with, but she doesn't answer his love. After the singles “You Get To Me” (originally as The Soul Sisters) and “Talk About It” they had a #1 hit record with “The Way to Your Heart” in Belgium. The Belgian release had no B-side","psg_id":"11923191"},{"title":"Let It Flow (song)","text":"Let It Flow (song) \"Let It Flow\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton. Written and produced by Babyface, the song was originally recorded for, and included on, the to the 1995 motion picture \"Waiting to Exhale\". \"Let It Flow\" was released as a double A-side with \"You're Makin' Me High\", the lead single from Braxton's second studio album, \"Secrets\" (1996). At the time the single was issued, \"Let It Flow\" was already receiving strong radio airplay in the United States, and the two tracks eventually topped the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. The music","psg_id":"16993268"},{"title":"Love or Let Me Be Lonely","text":"Love or Let Me Be Lonely \"Love or Let Me Be Lonely\" is a pop song recorded by the soul group The Friends of Distinction and released as a single in early 1970. The song was a multi-format success, peaking in the top 10 of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 at #6 on May 1, 1970 and at #13 on the R&B chart. On the Adult Contemporary singles charts, \"Love or Let Me Lonely\" went to #9. The song is ranked as the 63rd biggest hit of 1970. The song returned to the charts in the summer of 1982 in a","psg_id":"12454625"},{"title":"Let Your Hair Down (Magic! song)","text":"Let Your Hair Down (Magic! song) \"Let Your Hair Down\" is a song recorded by Canadian reggae fusion band Magic! for their debut studio album, \"Don't Kill the Magic\" (2014). It was written by Adam Messinger with group members Nasri Atweh and Alex Tanas, and was produced by Messinger, Atweh, Tanas and Magic! guitarist Mark Pellizzer. On October 7, 2014 the song was issued to contemporary hit radio by RCA Records as the third single from the album, and second to be released in the US. A lyric video for \"Let Your Hair Down\" was uploaded to the band's official","psg_id":"18241964"},{"title":"My Love Is Your Love (song)","text":"title track, Wyclef gives Houston the sexiest Bob Marley rip-off he's ever written.\" USA Today editor Rachel D. called this track \"a spiritual, reggae-tinged jam from Wyclef Jean.\" \"My Love Is Your Love\" was the fourth single from Houston's 1998 album, \"My Love Is Your Love\". It was a massive hit worldwide, becoming another one of Houston's signature songs. The single was released in each country of Europe from June 1999, prior to the United States. Upon release, the song was popular immediately across Europe and became a bigger hit during her European leg of My Love Is Your Love","psg_id":"7816327"},{"title":"Find Your Love","text":"would have done it. There are a broad range of issues which need addressing if people from California want to portray a love story like this.\" Find Your Love \"Find Your Love\" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake. The song was written by Drake, Patrick Reynolds, Jeff Bhasker and Kanye West and produced by the latter two and No I.D. It serves as the second single from his debut album, \"Thank Me Later\", and was released to radio on April 28, 2010 and digital download on May 5, 2010. The song became a hit on June 17, 2010. The","psg_id":"14519184"},{"title":"The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics","text":"only 19 tracks. Side 1: Side 2: The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics is a 1991 compilation album by The Supremes, released on the Motown label. The compilation features one solo song by Jean Terrell \"I Had To Fall In Love\", which was released in 1978 on A&M Records, and two solo tracks by Scherrie Payne, \"When I Looked At Your Face\" and \"Another Life From Now\". Three tracks \"Everybody's Got the Right to Love\" \"Floy Joy\" and \"Automatically Sunshine\" also appear in alternate versions. A cassette version was also","psg_id":"15490798"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"Black's versions of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" were released as singles: Warwick's version rose as high as No.11 while Black's peak was No.34. Warwick had the hit with \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in Belgium (Flemish Region), the Netherlands and South Africa, reaching No.4 in each territory. Petula Clark was on the roster of Pye Records, Warwick's UK label, and therefore in a position to almost immediately cover \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\" in the spring of 1964 then","psg_id":"8026230"},{"title":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man","text":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\" is a 1977 hit song by country singer Lynn Anderson. Best known for her Grammy Award-winning country and pop smash, \"Rose Garden\", from 1970, Lynn Anderson was one of country music's leading ladies throughout the 1970s. \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\" was released and became a major hit on the country charts, peaking at number twelve, her first entry there since 1975. The song's success was helped by exposure on an episode of the TV-series \"Starsky & Hutch\" that year, in which Anderson also","psg_id":"10870184"},{"title":"I Could Sing of Your Love Forever","text":"UK Singles Charts on 10 December 2001. As with most previous Delirious? singles, the song received no airplay on Radio One, the UK's largest pop station. It reached No. 37 in the midweek charts and hit an official peak of No. 40 on 17 December, making it the band's seventh Top 40 hit in a row. CD1 CD2 I Could Sing of Your Love Forever \"I Could Sing of Your Love Forever\" is a popular Christian rock and worship song by the English contemporary Christian band Delirious?. The song's popularity has reached far beyond the band's; CCLI places the song","psg_id":"7922355"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"Cinema, Kilburn, London, listening to a car radio when it was announced that \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" was the new number one. Dury was on holiday in Cannes, and was at the beach when the hotel staff brought him a bottle of champagne and told him the news. For their appearance on the British television programme \"Top of the Pops\" the whole band bought Moss Bros suits. The promotional video for the single was made by Laurie Lewis, a friend of Dury's from Walthamstow Art School who had been studying film-making. While the video simply showed the band","psg_id":"8037126"},{"title":"Flying High on Your Love","text":"\"Attitudes\", the track \"You Can't Run Away\" was also a hit that received much radio play. The album opener \"Shut the Funk Up\", and its closing title track \"Flying High on Your Love\" were equally popular. The album's success, along with their previous album, and acclaimed concert performances on tour dates with Parliament-Funkadelic, established the Bar-Kays as one of the key bands of the funk genre in the late 1970s. Eazy-E sampled \"Let's Have Some Fun\" on his song \"No More ?'s\" on his debut album Eazy-Duz-It in 1988. Flying High on Your Love Flying High On Your Love is","psg_id":"15691045"},{"title":"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You","text":"bring much success. Side 1 Side 2 Don't Let the Good Times Fool You Don’t Let the Good Times Fool You is the 14th album by American country singer Melba Montgomery (born October 14, 1938 in Iron City, Tennessee). In the 1970s, Montgomery was a successful solo artist in her own right. Her best-known solo hit is the No. 1 hit, \"No Charge\". The single \"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\" reached the top 15 in 1975, the only top 40 hit from the album. Subsequent singles also released from the album, \"Searchin' (For Someone Like You)\" and \"Your","psg_id":"17815520"},{"title":"Waiting for Your Love (Toto song)","text":"Love\" had an infectious, danceable, back beat. Waiting for Your Love (Toto song) \"Waiting for Your Love\" is a song by American rock band Toto from their 1982 album \"Toto IV\". In 1983, it was released as a single, peaking at number 73 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. The song was written by keyboardist Bobby Kimball and David Paich and is performed in the key of A-flat major. Kimball said in an interview that he \"wrote it in the '70s and originally called it \"'You Got Me'\". Somethingelsereviews.com wrote that Bobby Kimball gave a fantastic lead vocal performance in","psg_id":"20932862"},{"title":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)","text":"songs were getting more up-tempo, and had a Disco music-feel, which was not uncommon during this time in Country music. Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album) Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man is the name of a studio album by country pop singer, Lynn Anderson in 1977. This album was successful and sold well. It was named after her hit single from 1977, \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\". That year, the song was promoted on the highly-popular TV series Starsky & Hutch. Anderson and the song were featured in an episode of the show, bringing","psg_id":"10957627"},{"title":"My Love Is Your Love (song)","text":"making it Houston's third number-one single in the country after 1987's \"I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)\" and 1992's \"I Will Always Love You.\" Likewise, \"My Love Is Your Love\" was a big hit in the United States. The song debuted at number 81 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart, the issue dated September 4, 1999, without a retail release. With its official single in two weeks, it shot up on the chart and reached the top ten in the next three weeks, the issue date of October 9, 1999, becoming her 22nd Hot 100 top ten hit.","psg_id":"7816330"},{"title":"I Got Your Love","text":"I Got Your Love \"I Got Your Love\" is a song by Donna Summer, released as a single on December 20, 2005. Earlier, the single was first premiered during an episode of \"Sex and the City\" in 2003 and later released both as a download single and on CD by the Mercury Records label. \"I Got Your Love\" became another dancefloor hit for Summer, reaching #4 on the US Club Play chart in early 2006. \"I Got Your Love\" was written by Summer and Bruce Roberts, and produced by Peter Stengaard. Before the song, Roberts and Summer had duetted on","psg_id":"11904022"},{"title":"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man","text":"guest starred as Sue Ann Granger. The song was very up-tempo and had an almost Disco beat. This was becoming fairly common at the time, being country music had shifted towards more pop oriented songs; a movement in which Anderson was a key component for much of the decade. An album by the same name as the single was released mid-year of 1977. Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\" is a 1977 hit song by country singer Lynn Anderson. Best known for her Grammy Award-winning country and pop smash, \"Rose Garden\", from","psg_id":"10870185"},{"title":"Let It Flow (song)","text":"of the \"New York Times\", called it \"small pop coup\" and added \"Braxton snaps out the words with a choked intensity, her dark, grainy contralto conveying a potent mixture of fury and sensuality.\" Let It Flow (song) \"Let It Flow\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton. Written and produced by Babyface, the song was originally recorded for, and included on, the to the 1995 motion picture \"Waiting to Exhale\". \"Let It Flow\" was released as a double A-side with \"You're Makin' Me High\", the lead single from Braxton's second studio album, \"Secrets\" (1996). At the time the","psg_id":"16993271"},{"title":"My Love Is Your Love","text":"it peaked at number nine on the Eurochart Hot 100. The title track, \"My Love Is Your Love\" was the fourth single from the album. It was a massive hit worldwide, becoming another signature song for Whitney. Firstly, the single was released in each country of Europe from June 1999, prior to the United States. Upon release, the song was popular immediately across Europe, and became a bigger hit during her \"My Love Is Your Love European Tour.\" In the U.K., it went straight to its peak position, number two, on the singles chart, the issue date of July 3,","psg_id":"4174444"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"duet by German alternative acts Freaky Fukin Weirdoz and Nina Hagen and released as a single in Germany in 1994. It appears on Hagen's compilation album \"Sternenmädchen\", released in 2001. Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" is a song by Ian Dury and the Blockheads, first released as a single on Stiff Records in the UK on 23 November 1978. Written by Dury and the Blockheads' multi-instrumentalist Chaz Jankel, it is the group's most successful single, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart in January 1979 as well as reaching the top three","psg_id":"8037134"},{"title":"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick","text":"tracks written and composed by Ian Dury and Chaz Jankel, except where indicated. The 12\" version of the single features a different mix of \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" to the 7\" version. The two sides of the single are labelled \"A Wing\" and \"B Wing\", in reference to prison blocks. The A-side has the caption \"6_ Tricks, Points %✓\" while the B-side has the captions \"Late start high on fence\" and \"Segovia rules\" printed on the label. \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\" is credited to \"Ian & the Blockheads – Under the musical direction of Chaz Jankel\",","psg_id":"8037132"},{"title":"Send My Love (To Your New Lover)","text":"and blessings for his new relationship, \"Send my love to your new lover / Treat her better / We gotta let go of all our ghosts / We both know we ain't kids no more.\" Petrusich added that \"[t]here's unrequited love, but then there’s love that changes shape; [...] This is the love that Adele sings of, the kind where there’s nothing left to do but resign.\" During an interview with \"The Guardian\", Adele referred to the track as a \"fuck-you song\" to an ex-boyfriend, whom she dated between the guy who inspired her \"21\" album, and husband Simon Konecki.","psg_id":"19100681"},{"title":"Find Your Love","text":"Find Your Love \"Find Your Love\" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake. The song was written by Drake, Patrick Reynolds, Jeff Bhasker and Kanye West and produced by the latter two and No I.D. It serves as the second single from his debut album, \"Thank Me Later\", and was released to radio on April 28, 2010 and digital download on May 5, 2010. The song became a hit on June 17, 2010. The midtempo song received mostly positive reviews from critics. It debuted in the top forty in the United States. The song's accompanying music video chronicles Drake's fateful","psg_id":"14519171"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"sung the standard lyric in live performance. Also, arranger Johnny Pearson utilized a bassoon solo for the instrumental break in Black's version as opposed to the saxophone utilized in the Warwick original. Cilla Black, interviewed for that \"Great Performances\" telecast, expressed her awareness of Warwick's disenchantment: \"It was a No.1; Dionne was dead choked and she's never forgiven me to this day.\" It was in fact Burt Bacharach himself who backed Cilla to record this song for a British release, after Dionne Warwick had a hit in America with it. \"At one point it looked as if Shirley Bassey would","psg_id":"8026225"},{"title":"For Your Love","text":"\"Mystery to Me\", and by Joe Jackson, on his 2000 live album \"\", in medley with his own hit, \"Fools in Love\". For Your Love \"For Your Love\" is a rock song written by Graham Gouldman and recorded by English group the Yardbirds. Released in March 1965, it was their first top ten hit in both the UK and the US. The song was a departure from the group's blues roots in favour of a commercial pop rock sound. Guitarist Eric Clapton disapproved of the change and it influenced him to leave the group. Gouldman wrote the song at the","psg_id":"10425375"},{"title":"Your Love Is a Song","text":"mess we made\", brought Elizondo into the process. After some phone conversations with Foreman, the two got together and wrote \"Your Love Is a Song.\" Switchfoot performed the song on \"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\" on November 12, 2010. A remix of the song was also released by Sven Kirchhof. A music video for \"Your Love Is a Song\" was scheduled for production with actress Jennifer Love Hewitt set to direct. Despite the success of the single, no video was ever made. The song netted Switchfoot their first Adult Pop Songs charting song since \"We Are One Tonight\" entered","psg_id":"14406557"},{"title":"Let Your Dim Light Shine","text":"Let Your Dim Light Shine Let Your Dim Light Shine is the seventh album from the band Soul Asylum, released in 1995. Critically, it suffered in comparison to its predecessor, \"Grave Dancers Union\", the band's breakout release. It includes the hit \"Misery,\" which was parodied by \"Weird Al\" Yankovic as \"Syndicated Inc.\" on his album \"Bad Hair Day\". This was the first Soul Asylum album with drummer Sterling Campbell. He provided half of the drums on \"Grave Dancers Union\". The album's title comes from a lyric of the song \"Promises Broken.\" Actress Trini Alvarado provided backing vocals on three songs.","psg_id":"5364985"},{"title":"Living Without Your Love","text":"minor club hit (No. 61), but \"Your Love Still Brings Me to My Knees\" never charted and the track became Springfield's swan song for Phonogram. Springfield stayed on in Los Angeles for another ten years. It was also to be more than a decade before she released her next full-length album in the UK. In 2002, Mercury/Universal Music released \"Living Without Your Love\" on CD for the first time. An edited version of the 1979 concert at the Royal Albert Hall was released on both CD and DVD by Eagle Rock in 2005. Side A Side B Living Without Your","psg_id":"9026409"},{"title":"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love","text":"Jim Sullivan, along with vocal group the Breakaways, and was introduced by Clark on her BBC variety series, \"This Is Petula Clark\". The single peaked at #6 on the UK Singles Chart and #9 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart. \"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love\" was the first single by Clark to reach #1 on the US Easy Listening chart. A hit in Australia (#11), New Zealand (#18) and Rhodesia (#7), \"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love\" gave Clark a hit in Germany twice, first in the original English at #13 and then again via a translation entitled \"So","psg_id":"8171410"},{"title":"Drunk on Your Love","text":"Drunk on Your Love \"Drunk on Your Love\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Brett Eldredge. It was released on November 9, 2015 as the second single from Eldredge's second studio album, \"Illinois.\" Eldredge wrote the song with Ross Copperman. \"Drunk on Your Love\" peaked at number 2 on both the \"Billboard\" Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts, his fifth top 10 hit on both charts respectively. It also gave Eldredge his second top 40 hit on the Hot 100 chart, reaching number 35. The song was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association","psg_id":"19085270"},{"title":"Turn On Your Love Light","text":"Turn On Your Love Light \"Turn On Your Love Light\" is a rhythm and blues song recorded by Bobby Bland in 1961. It was both an important R&B and pop chart hit for Bland and has become one of his most identifiable songs. A variety of artists have recorded it, including the Grateful Dead, who made it part of their concert repertoire. \"Turn On Your Love Light\" was written by band leader and arranger Joe Scott (with an additional credit given to Duke Records owner/producer Don Robey aka Deadric Malone). Scott's brass arrangement \"upped the excitement ante\" with \"the groove","psg_id":"10189187"},{"title":"Let Your Head Go","text":"featuring M.O.P. premiered on radio stations in July 2003, generating mixed reviews. Beckham's first single with Telstar, \"Let Your Head Go\"/\"This Groove\", was released in the UK on 29 December 2003, following heavy promotion and many TV appearances across the Christmas period. This double A-side lifted \"Let Your Head Go\" from Beckham's earlier pop-inspired work with \"This Groove\" one of her hip hop and R&B songs and remains Beckham's last single release to date. Outside of the UK, Damon Dash had plans for Beckham in the US, including a potential release of \"Let Your Head Go / This Groove\" under","psg_id":"9755338"},{"title":"Your Hit Parade","text":"The 1974 version of \"Your Hit Parade\" also featured hit songs from a designated week in the 1940s or 1950s. Milton DeLugg conducted the orchestra and Chuck Barris packaged this series. The show's familiar closing theme was \"So Long for A While\": Your Hit Parade Your Hit Parade is an American radio and television music program that was broadcast from 1935 to 1953 on radio, and seen from 1950 to 1959 on television. It was sponsored by American Tobacco's Lucky Strike cigarettes. During this 24-year run, the show had 19 orchestra leaders and 52 singers or groups. Many listeners and","psg_id":"2013453"},{"title":"Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley","text":"a cover version of the 1975 10cc hit \"I'm Not in Love.\" Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley \"Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley (Free Baby)\" is a song by the American dance-pop band Will to Power. The song combines elements of two previously recorded rock songs: \"Baby, I Love Your Way\", a #12 \"Billboard\" Hot 100 hit from 1976 by the British-born singer Peter Frampton; and American Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd's song \"Free Bird\", which hit #19 on the Hot 100 chart in 1975. Will to Power's medley of these two songs had more of a synthesized dance","psg_id":"11790128"},{"title":"Let Me Love You (album)","text":"album had sucked up everything I'd done... Recording \"Never Gonna Fall in Love Again\" was a chance for me to have a hit\". The song peaked at number 13 on the Australian Kent Music Report, which was followed up by \"I Wanna Make You My Lady\", an English-version of the Swedish song \"Jag ska fånga en ängel\" by Ted Gärdestad, which peaked at number 11. The album was released in October 1976. Let Me Love You (album) Let Me Love You is the second studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Mark Holden. The album was released in October 1976. The album","psg_id":"19946615"},{"title":"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story","text":"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story \"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story\" is the finale song of Act 2 of the musical \"Hamilton\", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. After the death of Alexander Hamilton, the already deceased George Washington comes forward and repeats a line from his earlier song, \"History Has Its Eyes on You\": \"Let me tell you what I wish I'd known/When I was young and dreamed of glory/You have no control\", then the rest","psg_id":"19380996"},{"title":"Let There Be Love (Christina Aguilera song)","text":"hit\", and complimented Aguilera for not over singing the song, which he described as \"epic.\" Wass shared Lanksy's sentiments and elaborated that the production serves as the \"perfect destination\" for her \"powerhouse pipes\". Michael Gallucci for PopCrush thought that the song was not quite as good as \"Your Body\" and described it as \"typical pop.\" However, he criticized Aguilera's vocal performance, stating that her \"big voice\" should be able to be heard above the instrumental. Slant Magazine's Sal Cinquemani thought that \"Let There Be Love\" would have been a better lead single choice than \"Your Body\", as she felt it","psg_id":"16885065"},{"title":"Let Me Love You (Junggigo and Chanyeol song)","text":"a teaser of the two artists recording the song was released. On February 23, midnight, the single was officially released. The song hit the #1 spot on four music charts and #2 on two music charts after its release. Let Me Love You (Junggigo and Chanyeol song) \"Let Me Love You\", is a song by South Korean singers Junggigo and Chanyeol, a member of K-pop group EXO. It was released on February 23, 2017 by Starship Entertainment. On February 16, 2017, Junggigo and Chanyeol were announced to be collaborating on a duet titled \"Let Me Love You\". The song is","psg_id":"20004421"},{"title":"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You","text":"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You Don’t Let the Good Times Fool You is the 14th album by American country singer Melba Montgomery (born October 14, 1938 in Iron City, Tennessee). In the 1970s, Montgomery was a successful solo artist in her own right. Her best-known solo hit is the No. 1 hit, \"No Charge\". The single \"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\" reached the top 15 in 1975, the only top 40 hit from the album. Subsequent singles also released from the album, \"Searchin' (For Someone Like You)\" and \"Your Pretty Roses Come too Late\" did not","psg_id":"17815519"},{"title":"I Want Your Love (Chic song)","text":"week of June 16, 2007. The Watley cover was produced by DJ Spinna and featured Nile Rodgers on guitar. Bernard Edwards, Chic's co-founder (and co-writer of \"I Want Your Love\"), had previously produced a massive hit for Watley in the form of her 1987 single \"Don't You Want Me\". I Want Your Love (Chic song) \"I Want Your Love\" is a song by American band Chic from their second album \"C'est Chic\" (1978). Featuring a solo lead vocal by Alfa Anderson, the song became a very successful follow-up to their iconic hit single \"Le Freak\". In the United States, \"I","psg_id":"10621420"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"chart for the following week at No.42; by then Black's version had reached No.10, ascending in the subsequent two weeks to No.2 and then No.1, while Warwick's version concurrently ended its chart run with two weeks at No.47. On the chart dated 29 February 1964, besides Black's \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" at No.1 for the first of three weeks and Warwick's version in its final chart week at No.47, the UK Top 50 featured a third version of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" as the version by Mary May made its one-week appearance at No.49. On 25 April 1964,","psg_id":"8026222"},{"title":"Jennie Let Me Love You","text":"Jennie Let Me Love You Jennie Let Me Love You is the second single released by Swedish boy band E.M.D.. Following the commercial success of their previous single, \"Jennie Let Me Love You\" debuted at #6 on the Swedish singles chart. The following week it climbed to the top spot, where it remained for six consecutive weeks making it the longest running #1 single in Sweden in 2008. It has since been certified Gold, in recognition of 10,000 copies of the single sold. The track was co-written and produced by Tobias Gustavsson who also co-wrote and produced Danny Saucedo's #1","psg_id":"12370539"},{"title":"Shake Your Love","text":"in early 1988. Both tracks on the U.S.-specification single also appeared among the six total tracks of the simultaneously released maxi-single (Atlantic DM 86651), which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Maxi-Singles chart. The music video to support this single, eventually included on Gibson's video album \"Out of the Blue\" (Atlantic VHS 50123) was set on a facsimile of a drive-in movie theater lot and choreographed by Paula Abdul. In 2010, Gibson re-recorded the song as an extra track for the Deluxe Edition release of the Japan-exclusive album \"Ms. Vocalist\". \"Shake Your Love\" Shake Your Love \"Shake Your Love\"","psg_id":"8252392"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Love Flow\",\n \"text\": \"the British Isles the track achieved chart peaks of #7 in the UK and #3 in Ireland. \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" also reached #1 on the hit parade for South Africa, #2 in New Zealand and #6 in Australia. In 2008 and 2009 \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" enjoyed a UK chart renaissance due to the song's being featured in a television ad for Barclays promoting the bank's Barclaycard in its contactless format. Filmed in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, the ad's focus was on an office clerk - played by Robert Wilfort - who utilizes his Barclaycard while traveling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10628222\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Love Flow\",\n \"text\": \"Dutch Top 30 chart dated 6 March 1976, the same date as the track's \\\"Billboard\\\" Top 40 debut at #38: the track would eventually peak at #6 on both the Dutch chart and Belgium's Flemish chart. In June and July 1976 \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" spent five weeks at #1 in Germany and also in Switzerland, while the track would be ranked at #1 on the monthly Austrian hit parades dated the 15th of August, September and October. \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" was afforded further European success with a seven-week tenure at #2 in both Norway and Sweden, while in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10628221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Love Flow\",\n \"text\": \"career.\\\" \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" reached #1 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 dated 1 May 1976, also crossing-over to the \\\"Billboard\\\" chart rankings for Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks with a peak of #2, and also for Hot Country Singles with a peak of #21. According to David Bellamy (quote): \\\"There were a couple of guys from Holland [ie. the Netherlands] who were in town when the single was released, and our record company gave it to them to take home and they also sent it to Germany\\\", and \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" would in fact debut at #22 on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10628220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Love Flow\",\n \"text\": \"for an advertisement [until] after the single started climbing the charts in England. Any artist is always thrilled when one of your signature songs has longevity like this because it was thirty-two years ago when we first released the tune. We’ve always had such faithful fans in Europe, like we do in the United States, but with the single charting again we’re introducing our music to a whole new generation of music lovers.\\\" In other media, \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" was featured in the 1980 Tatum O'Neal film \\\"Little Darlings\\\", the 2008 period drama \\\"Swingtown,\\\" and season 2 episode 'No\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10628224\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\",\n \"text\": \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear \\\"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\\\" is a popular song first recorded by Elvis Presley in 1957 for the soundtrack of his second motion picture, \\\"Loving You\\\", during which Presley performs the song on screen. It was written by Kal Mann and Bernie Lowe and published in 1957 by Gladys Music. The song was a U.S. No. 1 hit for during the summer of 1957, staying at No. 1 for seven weeks, the third of the four Presley had that year. \\\"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\\\" would also hit No. 1 on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5805154\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Bellamy Brothers\",\n \"text\": \"Your Love Flow\\\", written by Diamond's roadie Larry Williams. Released in 1976, \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" was a No. 1 single on the United States pop charts, as well as more than a dozen countries worldwide. Although \\\"Let Your Love Flow\\\" was also a hit on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart, the Bellamys' country music success was limited until 1979, when \\\"If I Said You Had a Beautiful Body Would You Hold It Against Me\\\" was released. The song, whose \\\"double entendre\\\" title was derived from a Groucho Marx quote, landed the Bellamys their first country music No.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4924631\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the rave era\\\". And in 2018, \\\"Mixmag\\\" listed \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\\\" as one of The 30 best vocal house anthems ever. \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\\\" only reached No. 76 when first released in 1992 by Production House Records. It remained popular however, and the single was reissued in the UK on 7 November 1994 by London Records subsidiary Systematic Records. It entered the chart at No. 3 before climbing to number 1 the following week, where it remained for two weeks. It was the 18th best\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10279975\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Love Be Your Energy\",\n \"text\": \"in most countries and the World Chart. Let Love Be Your Energy \\\"Let Love Be Your Energy\\\" is a song by Robbie Williams released in 2001 as the fourth single from his album \\\"Sing When You're Winning\\\". The music video for the single was presented in animation. It featured a cartoon facsimile of Williams always on the run in search of love. There is a second, raunchier version of the video depicting animated nudity and sex. The song was not as successful as the previous singles lifted from the album, but it still managed to make the UK top ten\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4470223\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Love Be Your Energy\",\n \"text\": \"Let Love Be Your Energy \\\"Let Love Be Your Energy\\\" is a song by Robbie Williams released in 2001 as the fourth single from his album \\\"Sing When You're Winning\\\". The music video for the single was presented in animation. It featured a cartoon facsimile of Williams always on the run in search of love. There is a second, raunchier version of the video depicting animated nudity and sex. The song was not as successful as the previous singles lifted from the album, but it still managed to make the UK top ten and it broke inside the top forty\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4470222\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\",\n \"text\": \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot \\\"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\\\" is a song by American rock singer Pat Benatar. In 1980, it was released as the second single from her second album \\\"Crimes of Passion\\\". It hit No. 7 in \\\"Cash Box\\\", and reached No. 9 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100, becoming her first Top 10 hit. \\\"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\\\" sold well over a million copies in the U.S., achieving a gold certification by the RIAA. The song is one of Benatar's most recognizable tracks. Heard at many baseball and soccer games, the song has\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8731476\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"If I Had Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"If I Had Your Love \\\"If I Had Your Love\\\" was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005, performed in English by Selma. The song is an up-tempo dance number, with Selma singing about what she would do \\\"If I had your love\\\". She claims that it would inspire her above all other things. The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing, as it featured a number of tempo and key changes in unusual places.<br> The performance featured Selma wearing a red outfit with what were described as knickerbocker trousers. Her backing singers wore\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8541358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Who You Love\",\n \"text\": \"that his relationship with Perry has been a private and \\\"human\\\" one. On writing the song, Mayer said: \\\"Who You Love\\\" is a sweet melody that tells the story of opening your heart up and allowing yourself to fully love the person in your life—or specifically to \\\"love who you love, who you love.\\\" \\\"It was a really great experience and the song is one of these like old FM '70s and '80s sort of like duets, and I listened back to it; it's, like, really convincing. And I watched it get made and I'm still kind of taken aback.\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17643070\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"If I Had Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"favoured to progress to the final, based on Selma's previous success at the 1999 Contest. It was succeeded as Icelandic representative at the 2006 Contest by Silvía Night with \\\"Congratulations\\\". If I Had Your Love \\\"If I Had Your Love\\\" was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005, performed in English by Selma. The song is an up-tempo dance number, with Selma singing about what she would do \\\"If I had your love\\\". She claims that it would inspire her above all other things. The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing, as it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8541360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\",\n \"text\": \"In early 2011, however, the song was leaked on the Internet. Other artists who have performed the song live include singer-songwriter Kelly Clarkson, whose version of \\\"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\\\" received praise by \\\"Time\\\". Fictional music group Alvin and the Chipmunks recorded a male rendition for their 1982 album \\\"Chipmunk Rock\\\". Aberdonian Singing Sensation Karen Sinclair performed a cover of \\\"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\\\" to qualify for the Globe Inn 2015 'Can You Front a Rock Band' competition, with local rock band FUBAR. Hit Me with Your Best Shot \\\"Hit Me with Your Best Shot\\\" is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8731479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"onwards, that \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" finally became a million-seller. The song has been used for numerous purposes since its release including various adverts (including one in 2006 for financial company Capital One) and in numerous television programmes (including the \\\"Doctor Who\\\" episode \\\"Tooth and Claw\\\"). It has had its lyrics changed often, including in one instance to 'hit me with your oven chip'. This, combined with its continued popularity and original chart success has ensured that today the song is incredibly easily to find on CD, not only on all of Ian Dury's compilations but in numerous\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037128\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"by Song\\\" that the song was written in Rolvenden, Kent during a jamming session between him and Dury. Jankel relates that the music was inspired by a piano part near the end of \\\"Wake Up and Make Love with Me\\\" (a song on Dury's solo debut \\\"New Boots and Panties!!\\\" that Jankel had co-written) and that after listening to it, Dury presented the lyrics for \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" to him the same afternoon. This was later corroborated by Dury. Dury mentioned a number of origins for his lyrics, including claiming that he had written them up to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037118\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\",\n \"text\": \"selling single of 1994 in the UK. The song was released for a third time in 2000 as a UK garage remix by Trick or Treat. This version, featuring MC Tails, peaked at No. 16. Let Me Be Your Fantasy \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\\\" is a song by the British musical group Baby D. Originally released by Production House Records in 1992, it became a number-one UK single in November 1994 when re-released by London Records subsidiary Systematic. Sam Richards, writing in \\\"The Guardian\\\" in 2015, said \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10279976\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rest Your Love on Me\",\n \"text\": \"Rest Your Love on Me \\\"Rest Your Love on Me\\\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \\\"Too Much Heaven\\\". \\\"Rest Your Love on Me\\\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \\\"Children of the World\\\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \\\"Too Much Heaven\\\" was released, as \\\"Rest Your Love on Me\\\" was chosen as the B-side. As a country song, it did not fit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14155181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"to be realized despite her association with The Beatles, her recording of the Lennon-McCartney original \\\"Love of the Loved\\\" having been only a modest hit (No.35). Martin produced the session for Black's recording of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" at Abbey Road Studios; the arrangement was by Johnny Pearson and the session personnel included guitarists Vic Flick and Big Jim Sullivan and The Breakaways vocal group. Black's single of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" debuted at No.28 on the UK Top 50 dated 8 February 1964. The Dionne Warwick original, issued by Scepter's UK licensee Pye Records, debuted on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"There's No Stopping Your Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Stopping Your Heart\\\" was her first No. 1 hit since 1973, when she hit the top with a cover of Anita Bryant's \\\"Paper Roses\\\". Just prior to her solo comeback, Osmond had a No. 1 hit duet with Dan Seals, \\\"Meet Me in Montana\\\". There's No Stopping Your Heart (song) \\\"There's No Stopping Your Heart\\\" is a song written by Michael Bonagura and Craig Karp, and recorded by American country music artist Marie Osmond. It was released in September 1985 as the third single and title track from the album \\\"There's No Stopping Your Heart\\\". The song became Marie Osmond's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14163048\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lose Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"Lose Your Love \\\"Lose Your Love\\\" is a song by English synthpop duo Blancmange, released in 1985 as the second single from their third studio album \\\"Believe You Me\\\". It was written by Neil Arthur and Stephen Luscombe, and produced by Stewart Levine. \\\"Lose Your Love\\\" reached No. 77 in the UK, which was the duo's first single to fail to reach the Top 40 since 1982's \\\"Feel Me\\\". In the United States, it was a dance hit, reaching No. 2 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Dance/Club Play Songs Chart. For its release as a single, \\\"Lose Your Love\\\" was remixed. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16677692\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Put a Little Love in Your Heart\",\n \"text\": \"Put a Little Love in Your Heart \\\"Put a Little Love in Your Heart\\\" is a song originally performed in 1969 by Jackie DeShannon, who composed it with her brother Randy Myers and Jimmy Holiday. In the U.S., it was DeShannon's highest-charting hit, reaching number 4 on the Hot 100 in August 1969 and number 2 on the Adult Contemporary charts. In late 1969, the song reached number one on South Africa's hit parade. The song rivaled the success of her signature song, \\\"What the World Needs Now Is Love\\\". In 1988, Annie Lennox and Al Green recorded a version\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10755928\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Yeah Be Yeah\",\n \"text\": \"this song was recorded by British reggae band UB40's singer Ali Campbell for his solo album Big Love in 1995. It was released as a single and reached no. 25 in the U.K. Let Your Yeah Be Yeah \\\"Let Your Yeah Be Yeah\\\" is a song written by Jamaican singer Jimmy Cliff. It was first recorded by vocal trio The Pioneers, whose version, co-produced by Cliff, reached no. 5 on the UK singles chart in 1971. In 1973 it was recorded by American rock band Brownsville Station for their album \\\"Yeah!\\\". Released as a single, it was the band's second\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13691968\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Rest Your Love on Me\",\n \"text\": \"went to number one for one week and spent a total of 10 weeks within the Top 40. Rest Your Love on Me \\\"Rest Your Love on Me\\\" is a country ballad performed by the Bee Gees written and sung by Barry Gibb. It was the B-side of the US No. 1 hit \\\"Too Much Heaven\\\". \\\"Rest Your Love on Me\\\" was written by Barry Gibb in 1976 and recorded it in May 2 on the \\\"Children of the World\\\" sessions. Stephen Stills played bass on its original demo. It was not used until \\\"Too Much Heaven\\\" was released, as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14155184\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The '70s Anthology\",\n \"text\": \"The '70s Anthology The '70s Anthology is a 2002 two compact disc set of many of the songs recorded by the 1970s groupings of The Supremes. The set features 42 tracks, of which 10 had never been released, and 6 were appearing in extended or unedited forms. The set features a 24-page booklet with liner notes written by Mary Wilson, who was the only member in every version of The Supremes through 1977. Probably the most notable of the new material are the songs \\\"Oh My Poor Baby\\\", \\\"Make It With You\\\", \\\"I'll Let Him Know That I Love Him\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5999349\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Your Hit Parade\",\n \"text\": \"Your Hit Parade Your Hit Parade is an American radio and television music program that was broadcast from 1935 to 1953 on radio, and seen from 1950 to 1959 on television. It was sponsored by American Tobacco's Lucky Strike cigarettes. During this 24-year run, the show had 19 orchestra leaders and 52 singers or groups. Many listeners and viewers casually referred to the show with the incorrect title The Hit Parade. When the show debuted, there was no agreement as to what it should be called. The press referred to it in a variety of ways, with the most common\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2013435\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Love Won't Let Me Wait\",\n \"text\": \"Love Won't Let Me Wait \\\"Love Won't Let Me Wait\\\" is a hit 1975 single by Major Harris, a former member of R&B/soul group The Delfonics. Written by Vinnie Barrett and Bobby Eli, the single is considered to be a staple of classic soul playlists, and was Harris' only entry into the top five on both the soul and pop charts. The single hit number five on the pop chart, and also hit number one on the soul chart for one week. \\\"Billboard\\\" ranked it as the No. 24 song for 1975. It was awarded a gold disc by the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13434662\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" is a song by Ian Dury and the Blockheads, first released as a single on Stiff Records in the UK on 23 November 1978. Written by Dury and the Blockheads' multi-instrumentalist Chaz Jankel, it is the group's most successful single, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart in January 1979 as well as reaching the top three in Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, and it was also a top 20 hit in several European countries. \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" was named the 12th best single\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037116\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide\",\n \"text\": \"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide \\\"Let Your Conscience Be Your Guide\\\" is the debuting single for singer Marvin Gaye, released as Tamla 54041, in May 1961. It was also the first release off Gaye's debut album, \\\"The Soulful Moods of Marvin Gaye\\\", in which most of the material was the singer's failed attempt at making an 'adult' record compared to Motown's younger R&B sound. In 1960, Marvin Gaye moved to Detroit with his mentor Harvey Fuqua, who had first booked him as a co-lead singer of \\\"Harvey & the Moonglows\\\", a splinter version of the popular fifties doo-wop group,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12621109\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"How Deep Is Your Love (Bee Gees song)\",\n \"text\": \"single UK CD single no. 1 UK CD single no. 2 EU CD single no. 1 EU CD single no. 2 Japanese CD single UK 7\\\" vinyl – jukebox release only How Deep Is Your Love (Bee Gees song) \\\"How Deep Is Your Love\\\" is a pop ballad written and recorded by the Bee Gees in 1977 and released as a single in September of that year. It was ultimately used as part of the soundtrack to the film \\\"Saturday Night Fever\\\". It was a number three hit in the United Kingdom and Australia. In the United States, it topped\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8005981\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\",\n \"text\": \"Let Me Be Your Fantasy \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\\\" is a song by the British musical group Baby D. Originally released by Production House Records in 1992, it became a number-one UK single in November 1994 when re-released by London Records subsidiary Systematic. Sam Richards, writing in \\\"The Guardian\\\" in 2015, said \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy was the biggest crossover hit of the rave era.\\\" \\\"Let Me Be Your Fantasy\\\" originated in 1992 at the height of the rave scene. The song was written and produced by band member Floyd Dyce and the vocals were sung by Dorothy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10279972\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Without Your Love (Roger Daltrey song)\",\n \"text\": \"United States, and in various European countries in 1980 and peaked at No. 20 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100. It was also a minor hit in the UK reaching #55 in the UK Singles Chart and was a big hit in the Netherlands reaching #2 there. Without Your Love (Roger Daltrey song) \\\"Without Your Love\\\" is a song released in 1980 by Roger Daltrey of The Who written by Billy Nicholls and was a hit for him on his album \\\"McVicar\\\". The song was written for the soundtrack of the film \\\"McVicar\\\", a bio-pic of English bank robber John McVicar,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15455182\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Billboard\\\" reported that the sales tally for Black's \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" was nearing one million units. Internationally, Black's version also reached No.1 in Ireland, New Zealand and South Africa. In The Netherlands the song reached the No.6 position and in Australia it peaked at No.34. In May 2010, research published by BBC Radio 2 revealed that \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" by Cilla Black was the biggest female UK chart hit of the 1960s. Despite the international success and recognition of Warwick's original version, the besting in Great Britain by Black's version has long been a sore point\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026223\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Carrying Your Love with Me (song)\",\n \"text\": \"praise his ability to choose hit songs such as \\\"Carrying Your Love with Me\\\". Music critic Tony Brown stated that it is \\\"unlikely that anyone in country music has a better ear for songs.\\\". Miriam Longino, writing for the Atlantic Constitution, gave the track and the album as a whole an A minus. Another notable review came from music critic Alexander Wiley. He stated that \\\"Carrying Your Love with Me\\\" was another \\\"crown jewel from the king of country music\\\". Critic Chet Flippo, writing for \\\"Billboard\\\", gave a positive review stating that the track and tone of Strait's voice is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11022335\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Love Your Love the Most\",\n \"text\": \"song, decides to keep his guitar. \\\"Love Your Love the Most\\\" debuted at number 59 on the U.S. \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs for the week of February 28, 2009. Love Your Love the Most \\\"Love Your Love the Most\\\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eric Church. It was released in February 2009 as the first single from his 2009 album \\\"Carolina\\\". The song became his first Top 10 hit on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs chart with a peak at number 10. Church wrote this song with Michael P. Heeney. \\\"Love Your Love\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13333263\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Your Heart\",\n \"text\": \"4minute had their debut performance with the song on July 1 on Mnet's \\\"M! Countdown\\\". A teaser was released online for a music video, shortly after their live performance on \\\"M! Countdown\\\". The full music video was released on July 5, 2010. The song placed at number 9 on Gaon's weekly chart and number 7 on the monthly chart. It finished 2010 at number 70 on the yearly chart. Hit Your Heart Hit Your Heart is the second mini-album by South Korean girl group, 4Minute. The mini-album was released on May 19, 2010, and contains seven tracks. \\\"HuH\\\" was being\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14574767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let There Be Love (Christina Aguilera song)\",\n \"text\": \"release of \\\"Lotus\\\", \\\"Let There Be Love\\\" debuted on the South Korea Gaon Single Chart at number 132 during the week of November 11 to 17, 2012. In the United States, the song debuted at number 44 on the Dance Club Songs chart on February 18, 2013. It reached number one with the issue dated June 1, 2013. With \\\"Let There Be Love\\\" attaining the number one position on the chart, it upped her total tally to seven number-one songs, and the second from \\\"Lotus\\\" to reach the peak, after \\\"Your Body\\\" in December 2012. Let There Be Love (Christina\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16885076\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)\",\n \"text\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album) Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man is the name of a studio album by country pop singer, Lynn Anderson in 1977. This album was successful and sold well. It was named after her hit single from 1977, \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\". That year, the song was promoted on the highly-popular TV series Starsky & Hutch. Anderson and the song were featured in an episode of the show, bringing great exposure to the title track. The title track reached No. 12 on the Billboard Country charts in 1977. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10957625\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)\",\n \"text\": \"first single released from the album in late 1976 titled \\\"Sweet Talkin' Man\\\" was a Top 30 Country hit and did fairly well also. \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\", among other songs on this album, was written by songwriter, John Cunningham, who also wrote a couple other Anderson hits in the past. This album featured all new music and was also one of two albums she released in 1977. It reached No. 28 on the \\\"Top Country Albums\\\" chart in 1977. Most of the songs on this album had a Country-Disco feel to them. This meant that Anderson's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10957626\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Your Love Is a Song\",\n \"text\": \"the tally at No. 29 in 2006. \\\"Your Love Is a Song\\\" peaked at No. 27 and spent 15 weeks on the chart before falling off. It also fared well on the Christian Songs chart, reaching No. 18 and remaining on the chart for 19 weeks. The song was featured prominently at the end of an episode of \\\"One Tree Hill\\\" called \\\"You Know I Love You, Don't You\\\". Your Love Is a Song \\\"Your Love Is a Song\\\" was written and recorded by the alternative rock band Switchfoot. It was first released as a single to the iTunes Store\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14406558\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jennie Let Me Love You\",\n \"text\": \"Swedish hit \\\"Radio\\\" in December 2008. Published by Aesona Music Publishing. Jennie Let Me Love You Jennie Let Me Love You is the second single released by Swedish boy band E.M.D.. Following the commercial success of their previous single, \\\"Jennie Let Me Love You\\\" debuted at #6 on the Swedish singles chart. The following week it climbed to the top spot, where it remained for six consecutive weeks making it the longest running #1 single in Sweden in 2008. It has since been certified Gold, in recognition of 10,000 copies of the single sold. The track was co-written and produced\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12370540\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Love the '70s: Volume 2\",\n \"text\": \"I Love the '70s: Volume 2 I Love the '70s: Volume 2 is a television mini-series in the \\\"I Love the...\\\" series presented by VH1. The sequel to \\\"I Love the '70s\\\", it premiered on VH1 from July 10–14, 2006, airing at 8pm and 9pm ET each night. The Guitar Gods of 1970 were Duane Allman of The Allman Brothers Band, Terry Kath of Chicago, and Jimi Hendrix. The \\\"Guess This Joe\\\" was Joe Torre. The Guitar Gods of 1971 were Pete Townshend of The Who, Jerry Garcia of the Grateful Dead, and Jimmy Page of Led Zeppelin The \\\"Guess\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8063464\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\",\n \"text\": \"R&B Best Sellers List, becoming his fourth No. 1 on that chart. The song also reached No. 1 on the country charts for a single week. The song was used in \\\"Full House\\\" and in the Disney special \\\"D)TV Romancin'. (Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear \\\"(Let Me Be Your) Teddy Bear\\\" is a popular song first recorded by Elvis Presley in 1957 for the soundtrack of his second motion picture, \\\"Loving You\\\", during which Presley performs the song on screen. It was written by Kal Mann and Bernie Lowe and published in 1957 by Gladys Music. The song was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5805155\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Open Up Your Heart (And Let the Sunshine In)\",\n \"text\": \"two measures to the published version of Aloha Oe by Princess Lili`uokalani (1878), and \\\"There's Music In the Air\\\" by George F. Root (1854), and all three share the same chord progression IV-I-V-I. The 1969 #1 hit song Aquarius/Let the Sunshine In by The 5th Dimension contains the refrain \\\"Let the Sunshine In\\\" and backing vocals that include the phrase \\\"Open Up Your Heart\\\". Open Up Your Heart (And Let the Sunshine In) \\\"Open up Your Heart (and Let the Sunshine in)\\\" is a popular song. It was written by Stuart Hamblen. The song was published in 1954. The biggest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7956638\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let It Down\",\n \"text\": \"Harrison in his 1980 autobiography, commentators have identified \\\"Let It Down\\\" as a sensual love song. Harrison's musical biographer, Simon Leng, describes the lyrics as being among its composer's \\\"most tactile\\\", full of \\\"sexual passion\\\" and \\\"images of sight and touch\\\". The verses, he suggests, \\\"[revel] in the kind of sensory luxury any Krishna devotee is required to reject\\\". Leng also notes the \\\"clear climactic overtones\\\" evident in the choruses, where Harrison urges his lover to \\\"\\\"Let your hair hang all around me ... / Let your love flow and astound me.\\\"\\\" Musically, the composition features contrasting moods between the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16273038\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion\",\n \"text\": \"most tracks of any single artist, with three of their songs included in the compilation. Johnny Thunders appears on five tracks: two by the New York Dolls, two by The Heartbreakers, and his 1978 solo song \\\"You Can't Put Your Arms Around a Memory\\\". Notably absent from the compilation are the Sex Pistols, whose singer John Lydon refused Rhino Entertainment permission to include any of the band's tracks, allegedly because Rhino chose not to release the 2002 \\\"Sex Pistols Boxed Set\\\" in the United States. No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion No Thanks! The '70s Punk Rebellion is a compilation\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9831618\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Love Your Love the Most\",\n \"text\": \"Love Your Love the Most \\\"Love Your Love the Most\\\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Eric Church. It was released in February 2009 as the first single from his 2009 album \\\"Carolina\\\". The song became his first Top 10 hit on the US \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot Country Songs chart with a peak at number 10. Church wrote this song with Michael P. Heeney. \\\"Love Your Love the Most\\\" is a mid-tempo song in which the male narrator lists off various objects that he likes (e.g. \\\"Yes, I love good cold beer / And mustard on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13333260\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Way to Your Heart\",\n \"text\": \"The Way to Your Heart \\\"The Way to Your Heart\\\" is a 1988 song, and only hit single, by Soulsister, a band consisting of Belgian songwriter/vocalist duo Jan Leyers and Paul Michiels. A mixture of pop and rock with a very Motown-sounding tune, the song is about a boy dreaming of a girl that he‘s in love with, but she doesn't answer his love. After the singles “You Get To Me” (originally as The Soul Sisters) and “Talk About It” they had a #1 hit record with “The Way to Your Heart” in Belgium. The Belgian release had no B-side\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11923191\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let It Flow (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Let It Flow (song) \\\"Let It Flow\\\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton. Written and produced by Babyface, the song was originally recorded for, and included on, the to the 1995 motion picture \\\"Waiting to Exhale\\\". \\\"Let It Flow\\\" was released as a double A-side with \\\"You're Makin' Me High\\\", the lead single from Braxton's second studio album, \\\"Secrets\\\" (1996). At the time the single was issued, \\\"Let It Flow\\\" was already receiving strong radio airplay in the United States, and the two tracks eventually topped the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. The music\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16993268\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Love or Let Me Be Lonely\",\n \"text\": \"Love or Let Me Be Lonely \\\"Love or Let Me Be Lonely\\\" is a pop song recorded by the soul group The Friends of Distinction and released as a single in early 1970. The song was a multi-format success, peaking in the top 10 of the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 at #6 on May 1, 1970 and at #13 on the R&B chart. On the Adult Contemporary singles charts, \\\"Love or Let Me Lonely\\\" went to #9. The song is ranked as the 63rd biggest hit of 1970. The song returned to the charts in the summer of 1982 in a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12454625\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Hair Down (Magic! song)\",\n \"text\": \"Let Your Hair Down (Magic! song) \\\"Let Your Hair Down\\\" is a song recorded by Canadian reggae fusion band Magic! for their debut studio album, \\\"Don't Kill the Magic\\\" (2014). It was written by Adam Messinger with group members Nasri Atweh and Alex Tanas, and was produced by Messinger, Atweh, Tanas and Magic! guitarist Mark Pellizzer. On October 7, 2014 the song was issued to contemporary hit radio by RCA Records as the third single from the album, and second to be released in the US. A lyric video for \\\"Let Your Hair Down\\\" was uploaded to the band's official\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18241964\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"My Love Is Your Love (song)\",\n \"text\": \"title track, Wyclef gives Houston the sexiest Bob Marley rip-off he's ever written.\\\" USA Today editor Rachel D. called this track \\\"a spiritual, reggae-tinged jam from Wyclef Jean.\\\" \\\"My Love Is Your Love\\\" was the fourth single from Houston's 1998 album, \\\"My Love Is Your Love\\\". It was a massive hit worldwide, becoming another one of Houston's signature songs. The single was released in each country of Europe from June 1999, prior to the United States. Upon release, the song was popular immediately across Europe and became a bigger hit during her European leg of My Love Is Your Love\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7816327\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Find Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"would have done it. There are a broad range of issues which need addressing if people from California want to portray a love story like this.\\\" Find Your Love \\\"Find Your Love\\\" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake. The song was written by Drake, Patrick Reynolds, Jeff Bhasker and Kanye West and produced by the latter two and No I.D. It serves as the second single from his debut album, \\\"Thank Me Later\\\", and was released to radio on April 28, 2010 and digital download on May 5, 2010. The song became a hit on June 17, 2010. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14519184\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics\",\n \"text\": \"only 19 tracks. Side 1: Side 2: The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics The Supremes ('70s): Greatest Hits and Rare Classics is a 1991 compilation album by The Supremes, released on the Motown label. The compilation features one solo song by Jean Terrell \\\"I Had To Fall In Love\\\", which was released in 1978 on A&M Records, and two solo tracks by Scherrie Payne, \\\"When I Looked At Your Face\\\" and \\\"Another Life From Now\\\". Three tracks \\\"Everybody's Got the Right to Love\\\" \\\"Floy Joy\\\" and \\\"Automatically Sunshine\\\" also appear in alternate versions. A cassette version was also\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15490798\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Black's versions of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" were released as singles: Warwick's version rose as high as No.11 while Black's peak was No.34. Warwick had the hit with \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in Belgium (Flemish Region), the Netherlands and South Africa, reaching No.4 in each territory. Petula Clark was on the roster of Pye Records, Warwick's UK label, and therefore in a position to almost immediately cover \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \\\"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\\\" in the spring of 1964 then\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026230\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\",\n \"text\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\" is a 1977 hit song by country singer Lynn Anderson. Best known for her Grammy Award-winning country and pop smash, \\\"Rose Garden\\\", from 1970, Lynn Anderson was one of country music's leading ladies throughout the 1970s. \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\" was released and became a major hit on the country charts, peaking at number twelve, her first entry there since 1975. The song's success was helped by exposure on an episode of the TV-series \\\"Starsky & Hutch\\\" that year, in which Anderson also\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10870184\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Could Sing of Your Love Forever\",\n \"text\": \"UK Singles Charts on 10 December 2001. As with most previous Delirious? singles, the song received no airplay on Radio One, the UK's largest pop station. It reached No. 37 in the midweek charts and hit an official peak of No. 40 on 17 December, making it the band's seventh Top 40 hit in a row. CD1 CD2 I Could Sing of Your Love Forever \\\"I Could Sing of Your Love Forever\\\" is a popular Christian rock and worship song by the English contemporary Christian band Delirious?. The song's popularity has reached far beyond the band's; CCLI places the song\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7922355\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"Cinema, Kilburn, London, listening to a car radio when it was announced that \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" was the new number one. Dury was on holiday in Cannes, and was at the beach when the hotel staff brought him a bottle of champagne and told him the news. For their appearance on the British television programme \\\"Top of the Pops\\\" the whole band bought Moss Bros suits. The promotional video for the single was made by Laurie Lewis, a friend of Dury's from Walthamstow Art School who had been studying film-making. While the video simply showed the band\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037126\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Flying High on Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Attitudes\\\", the track \\\"You Can't Run Away\\\" was also a hit that received much radio play. The album opener \\\"Shut the Funk Up\\\", and its closing title track \\\"Flying High on Your Love\\\" were equally popular. The album's success, along with their previous album, and acclaimed concert performances on tour dates with Parliament-Funkadelic, established the Bar-Kays as one of the key bands of the funk genre in the late 1970s. Eazy-E sampled \\\"Let's Have Some Fun\\\" on his song \\\"No More ?'s\\\" on his debut album Eazy-Duz-It in 1988. Flying High on Your Love Flying High On Your Love is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15691045\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\",\n \"text\": \"bring much success. Side 1 Side 2 Don't Let the Good Times Fool You Don’t Let the Good Times Fool You is the 14th album by American country singer Melba Montgomery (born October 14, 1938 in Iron City, Tennessee). In the 1970s, Montgomery was a successful solo artist in her own right. Her best-known solo hit is the No. 1 hit, \\\"No Charge\\\". The single \\\"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\\\" reached the top 15 in 1975, the only top 40 hit from the album. Subsequent singles also released from the album, \\\"Searchin' (For Someone Like You)\\\" and \\\"Your\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17815520\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Waiting for Your Love (Toto song)\",\n \"text\": \"Love\\\" had an infectious, danceable, back beat. Waiting for Your Love (Toto song) \\\"Waiting for Your Love\\\" is a song by American rock band Toto from their 1982 album \\\"Toto IV\\\". In 1983, it was released as a single, peaking at number 73 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 chart. The song was written by keyboardist Bobby Kimball and David Paich and is performed in the key of A-flat major. Kimball said in an interview that he \\\"wrote it in the '70s and originally called it \\\"'You Got Me'\\\". Somethingelsereviews.com wrote that Bobby Kimball gave a fantastic lead vocal performance in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20932862\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album)\",\n \"text\": \"songs were getting more up-tempo, and had a Disco music-feel, which was not uncommon during this time in Country music. Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man (album) Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man is the name of a studio album by country pop singer, Lynn Anderson in 1977. This album was successful and sold well. It was named after her hit single from 1977, \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\". That year, the song was promoted on the highly-popular TV series Starsky & Hutch. Anderson and the song were featured in an episode of the show, bringing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10957627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"My Love Is Your Love (song)\",\n \"text\": \"making it Houston's third number-one single in the country after 1987's \\\"I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)\\\" and 1992's \\\"I Will Always Love You.\\\" Likewise, \\\"My Love Is Your Love\\\" was a big hit in the United States. The song debuted at number 81 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 chart, the issue dated September 4, 1999, without a retail release. With its official single in two weeks, it shot up on the chart and reached the top ten in the next three weeks, the issue date of October 9, 1999, becoming her 22nd Hot 100 top ten hit.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7816330\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Got Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"I Got Your Love \\\"I Got Your Love\\\" is a song by Donna Summer, released as a single on December 20, 2005. Earlier, the single was first premiered during an episode of \\\"Sex and the City\\\" in 2003 and later released both as a download single and on CD by the Mercury Records label. \\\"I Got Your Love\\\" became another dancefloor hit for Summer, reaching #4 on the US Club Play chart in early 2006. \\\"I Got Your Love\\\" was written by Summer and Bruce Roberts, and produced by Peter Stengaard. Before the song, Roberts and Summer had duetted on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11904022\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\",\n \"text\": \"guest starred as Sue Ann Granger. The song was very up-tempo and had an almost Disco beat. This was becoming fairly common at the time, being country music had shifted towards more pop oriented songs; a movement in which Anderson was a key component for much of the decade. An album by the same name as the single was released mid-year of 1977. Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man \\\"Wrap Your Love All Around Your Man\\\" is a 1977 hit song by country singer Lynn Anderson. Best known for her Grammy Award-winning country and pop smash, \\\"Rose Garden\\\", from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10870185\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let It Flow (song)\",\n \"text\": \"of the \\\"New York Times\\\", called it \\\"small pop coup\\\" and added \\\"Braxton snaps out the words with a choked intensity, her dark, grainy contralto conveying a potent mixture of fury and sensuality.\\\" Let It Flow (song) \\\"Let It Flow\\\" is a song by American R&B singer Toni Braxton. Written and produced by Babyface, the song was originally recorded for, and included on, the to the 1995 motion picture \\\"Waiting to Exhale\\\". \\\"Let It Flow\\\" was released as a double A-side with \\\"You're Makin' Me High\\\", the lead single from Braxton's second studio album, \\\"Secrets\\\" (1996). At the time the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16993271\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"My Love Is Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"it peaked at number nine on the Eurochart Hot 100. The title track, \\\"My Love Is Your Love\\\" was the fourth single from the album. It was a massive hit worldwide, becoming another signature song for Whitney. Firstly, the single was released in each country of Europe from June 1999, prior to the United States. Upon release, the song was popular immediately across Europe, and became a bigger hit during her \\\"My Love Is Your Love European Tour.\\\" In the U.K., it went straight to its peak position, number two, on the singles chart, the issue date of July 3,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4174444\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"duet by German alternative acts Freaky Fukin Weirdoz and Nina Hagen and released as a single in Germany in 1994. It appears on Hagen's compilation album \\\"Sternenmädchen\\\", released in 2001. Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" is a song by Ian Dury and the Blockheads, first released as a single on Stiff Records in the UK on 23 November 1978. Written by Dury and the Blockheads' multi-instrumentalist Chaz Jankel, it is the group's most successful single, reaching number one on the UK Singles Chart in January 1979 as well as reaching the top three\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037134\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\",\n \"text\": \"tracks written and composed by Ian Dury and Chaz Jankel, except where indicated. The 12\\\" version of the single features a different mix of \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" to the 7\\\" version. The two sides of the single are labelled \\\"A Wing\\\" and \\\"B Wing\\\", in reference to prison blocks. The A-side has the caption \\\"6_ Tricks, Points %✓\\\" while the B-side has the captions \\\"Late start high on fence\\\" and \\\"Segovia rules\\\" printed on the label. \\\"Hit Me with Your Rhythm Stick\\\" is credited to \\\"Ian & the Blockheads – Under the musical direction of Chaz Jankel\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8037132\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Send My Love (To Your New Lover)\",\n \"text\": \"and blessings for his new relationship, \\\"Send my love to your new lover / Treat her better / We gotta let go of all our ghosts / We both know we ain't kids no more.\\\" Petrusich added that \\\"[t]here's unrequited love, but then there’s love that changes shape; [...] This is the love that Adele sings of, the kind where there’s nothing left to do but resign.\\\" During an interview with \\\"The Guardian\\\", Adele referred to the track as a \\\"fuck-you song\\\" to an ex-boyfriend, whom she dated between the guy who inspired her \\\"21\\\" album, and husband Simon Konecki.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19100681\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Find Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"Find Your Love \\\"Find Your Love\\\" is a song by Canadian rapper Drake. The song was written by Drake, Patrick Reynolds, Jeff Bhasker and Kanye West and produced by the latter two and No I.D. It serves as the second single from his debut album, \\\"Thank Me Later\\\", and was released to radio on April 28, 2010 and digital download on May 5, 2010. The song became a hit on June 17, 2010. The midtempo song received mostly positive reviews from critics. It debuted in the top forty in the United States. The song's accompanying music video chronicles Drake's fateful\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14519171\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"sung the standard lyric in live performance. Also, arranger Johnny Pearson utilized a bassoon solo for the instrumental break in Black's version as opposed to the saxophone utilized in the Warwick original. Cilla Black, interviewed for that \\\"Great Performances\\\" telecast, expressed her awareness of Warwick's disenchantment: \\\"It was a No.1; Dionne was dead choked and she's never forgiven me to this day.\\\" It was in fact Burt Bacharach himself who backed Cilla to record this song for a British release, after Dionne Warwick had a hit in America with it. \\\"At one point it looked as if Shirley Bassey would\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"For Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Mystery to Me\\\", and by Joe Jackson, on his 2000 live album \\\"\\\", in medley with his own hit, \\\"Fools in Love\\\". For Your Love \\\"For Your Love\\\" is a rock song written by Graham Gouldman and recorded by English group the Yardbirds. Released in March 1965, it was their first top ten hit in both the UK and the US. The song was a departure from the group's blues roots in favour of a commercial pop rock sound. Guitarist Eric Clapton disapproved of the change and it influenced him to leave the group. Gouldman wrote the song at the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10425375\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Your Love Is a Song\",\n \"text\": \"mess we made\\\", brought Elizondo into the process. After some phone conversations with Foreman, the two got together and wrote \\\"Your Love Is a Song.\\\" Switchfoot performed the song on \\\"The Tonight Show with Jay Leno\\\" on November 12, 2010. A remix of the song was also released by Sven Kirchhof. A music video for \\\"Your Love Is a Song\\\" was scheduled for production with actress Jennifer Love Hewitt set to direct. Despite the success of the single, no video was ever made. The song netted Switchfoot their first Adult Pop Songs charting song since \\\"We Are One Tonight\\\" entered\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14406557\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Dim Light Shine\",\n \"text\": \"Let Your Dim Light Shine Let Your Dim Light Shine is the seventh album from the band Soul Asylum, released in 1995. Critically, it suffered in comparison to its predecessor, \\\"Grave Dancers Union\\\", the band's breakout release. It includes the hit \\\"Misery,\\\" which was parodied by \\\"Weird Al\\\" Yankovic as \\\"Syndicated Inc.\\\" on his album \\\"Bad Hair Day\\\". This was the first Soul Asylum album with drummer Sterling Campbell. He provided half of the drums on \\\"Grave Dancers Union\\\". The album's title comes from a lyric of the song \\\"Promises Broken.\\\" Actress Trini Alvarado provided backing vocals on three songs.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5364985\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Living Without Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"minor club hit (No. 61), but \\\"Your Love Still Brings Me to My Knees\\\" never charted and the track became Springfield's swan song for Phonogram. Springfield stayed on in Los Angeles for another ten years. It was also to be more than a decade before she released her next full-length album in the UK. In 2002, Mercury/Universal Music released \\\"Living Without Your Love\\\" on CD for the first time. An edited version of the 1979 concert at the Royal Albert Hall was released on both CD and DVD by Eagle Rock in 2005. Side A Side B Living Without Your\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9026409\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"Jim Sullivan, along with vocal group the Breakaways, and was introduced by Clark on her BBC variety series, \\\"This Is Petula Clark\\\". The single peaked at #6 on the UK Singles Chart and #9 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 chart. \\\"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love\\\" was the first single by Clark to reach #1 on the US Easy Listening chart. A hit in Australia (#11), New Zealand (#18) and Rhodesia (#7), \\\"I Couldn't Live Without Your Love\\\" gave Clark a hit in Germany twice, first in the original English at #13 and then again via a translation entitled \\\"So\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8171410\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Drunk on Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"Drunk on Your Love \\\"Drunk on Your Love\\\" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Brett Eldredge. It was released on November 9, 2015 as the second single from Eldredge's second studio album, \\\"Illinois.\\\" Eldredge wrote the song with Ross Copperman. \\\"Drunk on Your Love\\\" peaked at number 2 on both the \\\"Billboard\\\" Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts, his fifth top 10 hit on both charts respectively. It also gave Eldredge his second top 40 hit on the Hot 100 chart, reaching number 35. The song was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19085270\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Turn On Your Love Light\",\n \"text\": \"Turn On Your Love Light \\\"Turn On Your Love Light\\\" is a rhythm and blues song recorded by Bobby Bland in 1961. It was both an important R&B and pop chart hit for Bland and has become one of his most identifiable songs. A variety of artists have recorded it, including the Grateful Dead, who made it part of their concert repertoire. \\\"Turn On Your Love Light\\\" was written by band leader and arranger Joe Scott (with an additional credit given to Duke Records owner/producer Don Robey aka Deadric Malone). Scott's brass arrangement \\\"upped the excitement ante\\\" with \\\"the groove\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10189187\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Your Head Go\",\n \"text\": \"featuring M.O.P. premiered on radio stations in July 2003, generating mixed reviews. Beckham's first single with Telstar, \\\"Let Your Head Go\\\"/\\\"This Groove\\\", was released in the UK on 29 December 2003, following heavy promotion and many TV appearances across the Christmas period. This double A-side lifted \\\"Let Your Head Go\\\" from Beckham's earlier pop-inspired work with \\\"This Groove\\\" one of her hip hop and R&B songs and remains Beckham's last single release to date. Outside of the UK, Damon Dash had plans for Beckham in the US, including a potential release of \\\"Let Your Head Go / This Groove\\\" under\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9755338\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Your Hit Parade\",\n \"text\": \"The 1974 version of \\\"Your Hit Parade\\\" also featured hit songs from a designated week in the 1940s or 1950s. Milton DeLugg conducted the orchestra and Chuck Barris packaged this series. The show's familiar closing theme was \\\"So Long for A While\\\": Your Hit Parade Your Hit Parade is an American radio and television music program that was broadcast from 1935 to 1953 on radio, and seen from 1950 to 1959 on television. It was sponsored by American Tobacco's Lucky Strike cigarettes. During this 24-year run, the show had 19 orchestra leaders and 52 singers or groups. Many listeners and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2013453\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley\",\n \"text\": \"a cover version of the 1975 10cc hit \\\"I'm Not in Love.\\\" Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley \\\"Baby, I Love Your Way/Freebird Medley (Free Baby)\\\" is a song by the American dance-pop band Will to Power. The song combines elements of two previously recorded rock songs: \\\"Baby, I Love Your Way\\\", a #12 \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 hit from 1976 by the British-born singer Peter Frampton; and American Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd's song \\\"Free Bird\\\", which hit #19 on the Hot 100 chart in 1975. Will to Power's medley of these two songs had more of a synthesized dance\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11790128\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Me Love You (album)\",\n \"text\": \"album had sucked up everything I'd done... Recording \\\"Never Gonna Fall in Love Again\\\" was a chance for me to have a hit\\\". The song peaked at number 13 on the Australian Kent Music Report, which was followed up by \\\"I Wanna Make You My Lady\\\", an English-version of the Swedish song \\\"Jag ska fånga en ängel\\\" by Ted Gärdestad, which peaked at number 11. The album was released in October 1976. Let Me Love You (album) Let Me Love You is the second studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Mark Holden. The album was released in October 1976. The album\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19946615\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story\",\n \"text\": \"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story \\\"Who Lives, Who Dies, Who Tells Your Story\\\" is the finale song of Act 2 of the musical \\\"Hamilton\\\", based on the life of Alexander Hamilton, which premiered on Broadway in 2015. Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote both the music and lyrics to the song. After the death of Alexander Hamilton, the already deceased George Washington comes forward and repeats a line from his earlier song, \\\"History Has Its Eyes on You\\\": \\\"Let me tell you what I wish I'd known/When I was young and dreamed of glory/You have no control\\\", then the rest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19380996\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let There Be Love (Christina Aguilera song)\",\n \"text\": \"hit\\\", and complimented Aguilera for not over singing the song, which he described as \\\"epic.\\\" Wass shared Lanksy's sentiments and elaborated that the production serves as the \\\"perfect destination\\\" for her \\\"powerhouse pipes\\\". Michael Gallucci for PopCrush thought that the song was not quite as good as \\\"Your Body\\\" and described it as \\\"typical pop.\\\" However, he criticized Aguilera's vocal performance, stating that her \\\"big voice\\\" should be able to be heard above the instrumental. Slant Magazine's Sal Cinquemani thought that \\\"Let There Be Love\\\" would have been a better lead single choice than \\\"Your Body\\\", as she felt it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16885065\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let Me Love You (Junggigo and Chanyeol song)\",\n \"text\": \"a teaser of the two artists recording the song was released. On February 23, midnight, the single was officially released. The song hit the #1 spot on four music charts and #2 on two music charts after its release. Let Me Love You (Junggigo and Chanyeol song) \\\"Let Me Love You\\\", is a song by South Korean singers Junggigo and Chanyeol, a member of K-pop group EXO. It was released on February 23, 2017 by Starship Entertainment. On February 16, 2017, Junggigo and Chanyeol were announced to be collaborating on a duet titled \\\"Let Me Love You\\\". The song is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20004421\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\",\n \"text\": \"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You Don’t Let the Good Times Fool You is the 14th album by American country singer Melba Montgomery (born October 14, 1938 in Iron City, Tennessee). In the 1970s, Montgomery was a successful solo artist in her own right. Her best-known solo hit is the No. 1 hit, \\\"No Charge\\\". The single \\\"Don't Let the Good Times Fool You\\\" reached the top 15 in 1975, the only top 40 hit from the album. Subsequent singles also released from the album, \\\"Searchin' (For Someone Like You)\\\" and \\\"Your Pretty Roses Come too Late\\\" did not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17815519\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Want Your Love (Chic song)\",\n \"text\": \"week of June 16, 2007. The Watley cover was produced by DJ Spinna and featured Nile Rodgers on guitar. Bernard Edwards, Chic's co-founder (and co-writer of \\\"I Want Your Love\\\"), had previously produced a massive hit for Watley in the form of her 1987 single \\\"Don't You Want Me\\\". I Want Your Love (Chic song) \\\"I Want Your Love\\\" is a song by American band Chic from their second album \\\"C'est Chic\\\" (1978). Featuring a solo lead vocal by Alfa Anderson, the song became a very successful follow-up to their iconic hit single \\\"Le Freak\\\". In the United States, \\\"I\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10621420\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"chart for the following week at No.42; by then Black's version had reached No.10, ascending in the subsequent two weeks to No.2 and then No.1, while Warwick's version concurrently ended its chart run with two weeks at No.47. On the chart dated 29 February 1964, besides Black's \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" at No.1 for the first of three weeks and Warwick's version in its final chart week at No.47, the UK Top 50 featured a third version of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" as the version by Mary May made its one-week appearance at No.49. On 25 April 1964,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026222\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jennie Let Me Love You\",\n \"text\": \"Jennie Let Me Love You Jennie Let Me Love You is the second single released by Swedish boy band E.M.D.. Following the commercial success of their previous single, \\\"Jennie Let Me Love You\\\" debuted at #6 on the Swedish singles chart. The following week it climbed to the top spot, where it remained for six consecutive weeks making it the longest running #1 single in Sweden in 2008. It has since been certified Gold, in recognition of 10,000 copies of the single sold. The track was co-written and produced by Tobias Gustavsson who also co-wrote and produced Danny Saucedo's #1\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12370539\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shake Your Love\",\n \"text\": \"in early 1988. Both tracks on the U.S.-specification single also appeared among the six total tracks of the simultaneously released maxi-single (Atlantic DM 86651), which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Maxi-Singles chart. The music video to support this single, eventually included on Gibson's video album \\\"Out of the Blue\\\" (Atlantic VHS 50123) was set on a facsimile of a drive-in movie theater lot and choreographed by Paula Abdul. In 2010, Gibson re-recorded the song as an extra track for the Deluxe Edition release of the Japan-exclusive album \\\"Ms. Vocalist\\\". \\\"Shake Your Love\\\" Shake Your Love \\\"Shake Your Love\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8252392\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["howard bellamy","bellamy brothers","the bellamy brothers","david m. bellamy","david bellamy (singer)"],"string":"[\n \"howard bellamy\",\n \"bellamy brothers\",\n \"the bellamy brothers\",\n \"david m. bellamy\",\n \"david bellamy (singer)\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":89,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which state renewed mike tyson's boxing license in 1998?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha Mike Tyson and Francois Botha competed in a professional boxing match on January 16, 1999. Tyson won the match by knocking out Botha in the fifth round. After Tyson's controversial fight with Evander Holyfield on June 28, 1997 which saw Tyson get disqualified in the third round after twice biting Holyfield's ears, the Nevada Athletic Commission fined Tyson $3 million and revoked his boxing license. Tyson's ban would ultimately last a total of 15 months and 10 days with it finally ending after a five-man committee voted in favor of reinstating Tyson by a vote","psg_id":"17306523"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha Mike Tyson and Francois Botha competed in a professional boxing match on January 16, 1999. Tyson won the match by knocking out Botha in the fifth round. After Tyson's controversial fight with Evander Holyfield on June 28, 1997 which saw Tyson get disqualified in the third round after twice biting Holyfield's ears, the Nevada Athletic Commission fined Tyson $3 million and revoked his boxing license. Tyson's ban would ultimately last a total of 15 months and 10 days with it finally ending after a five-man committee voted in favor of reinstating Tyson by a vote\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17306523\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"not permanent, as the commission voted 4–1 to restore Tyson's boxing license on October 18, 1998. During his time away from boxing in 1998, Tyson made a guest appearance at WrestleMania XIV as an enforcer for the main event match between Shawn Michaels and Steve Austin. During this time, Tyson was also an unofficial member of Michaels' stable, D-Generation X. Tyson was paid $3 million for being guest enforcer of the match at WrestleMania XIV. In January 1999, Tyson returned to the ring for a match against the South African Francois Botha. This match also ended in controversy. While Botha","psg_id":"506739"},{"title":"Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II","text":"\"The Bite Fight\" was made in 2013 by George Willis, illustrating the lives of Tyson and Holyfield before, during, and after the fight. Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II, billed as \"The Sound and the Fury\" and afterwards infamously referred to as \"The Bite Fight\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1997 for the WBA Heavyweight Championship. It achieved notoriety as one of the most bizarre fights in boxing history, after Tyson bit off part of Holyfield's ear. Tyson was disqualified from the match and lost his boxing license, though it","psg_id":"15333164"},{"title":"Mike Tyson in popular culture","text":"Mike Tyson in popular culture Mike Tyson is an American former World Heavyweight boxing Champion. Tyson, ranked by ESPN as the #1 Most Outrageous Character in modern sports history has appeared in numerous popular media in either cameo appearances or as a subject of parody or satire. Tyson made a guest appearance at WrestleMania XIV on March 29, 1998 as a special outside enforcer for the main event match between Shawn Michaels and Stone Cold Steve Austin. Before the match, Tyson seemingly aligned himself with Michaels and his D-Generation X stable, due to the fact that he and his entourage","psg_id":"10038469"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield","text":"in the history of boxing. Holyfield also became the first person since Muhammad Ali to win a heavyweight championship belt three times, although, unlike Ali, Holyfield's third championship win had not been for the lineal heavyweight title, which was at that time held by George Foreman. At the post-fight press conference, Tyson addressed Holyfield: \"Thank you very much. I have the greatest respect for you.\" Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield, billed as \"Finally\", was a professional boxing match fought between Evander Holyfield and Mike Tyson for the World Boxing Association heavyweight championship on November 9,","psg_id":"10078739"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"film \"Nine Legends\" where he discussed his time involved in WWE. Select pay-per-view boxing buy rates at American closed-circuit theatre television venues: The Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio, in 1989 awarded Tyson an honorary doctorate in humane letters: \"Mike demonstrates that hard work, determination and perseverance can enable one to overcome any obstacles.\" Mike Tyson Michael Gerard Tyson (born June 30, 1966) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005. He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years, four","psg_id":"506771"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley","text":"his rematch with Frank Bruno and a match with Evander Holyfield and then the subsequent 1997 rematch between Tyson and Holyfield. Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley, billed as \"He's Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 19, 1995. The match marked the return of Mike Tyson to professional boxing after over four years away due to his 1991 arrest and subsequent conviction for rape in 1992 which led to Tyson serving three years in prison. Tyson had twice defeated the number two ranked heavyweight, Donovan \"Razor\" Ruddock, in 1991. Shortly after his second","psg_id":"17220749"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley, billed as \"He's Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 19, 1995. The match marked the return of Mike Tyson to professional boxing after over four years away due to his 1991 arrest and subsequent conviction for rape in 1992 which led to Tyson serving three years in prison. Tyson had twice defeated the number two ranked heavyweight, Donovan \"Razor\" Ruddock, in 1991. Shortly after his second victory over Ruddock, a blockbuster deal was made that would see Tyson face the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Evander Holyfield on November","psg_id":"17220745"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks","text":"into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame. Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the \"Ring\" champion and was considered the lineal champion. Held at the Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey","psg_id":"15939319"},{"title":"Mike Tyson Mysteries","text":"Mike Tyson Mysteries Mike Tyson Mysteries is an American adult animated television series, and the first to be produced by Warner Bros. Animation for Adult Swim. It premiered October 27, 2014. The series features Mike Tyson solving mysteries, in the style of \"\", \"Scooby-Doo!\", \"Jonny Quest\", and \"Mr. T\". On December 10, 2014, Adult Swim renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on November 1, 2015. A third season premiered on May 14, 2017, and the remaining Season 3 episodes aired from March 4, 2018 to May 13, 2018. The show follows Mike Tyson, the ghost of the","psg_id":"18185240"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"talks about his personal and professional life on stage. The one-man show was aired on HBO on November 16, 2013. In October 2012, Tyson launched the Mike Tyson Cares Foundation. The mission of the Mike Tyson Cares Foundation is to \"give kids a fighting chance\" by providing innovative centers that provide for the comprehensive needs of kids from broken homes. In August 2013, Tyson teamed up with Acquinity Interactive CEO Garry Jonas to form Iron Mike Productions, a boxing promotions company, formerly known as Acquinity Sports. In September 2013, Tyson was featured on a six-episode television series on Fox Sports","psg_id":"506759"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the \"Ring\" champion and was considered the lineal champion. Held at the Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey and promoted as \"once and for all\", it was at the time the richest","psg_id":"15939299"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs","text":"Heavyweight champions, Riddick Bowe and Lennox Lewis, though he was defeated by both men by way of technical knockout. This would prove to be the last Heavyweight title fight to be scheduled for 15 rounds. Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs, billed as \"The Clash for the Crown\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 16, 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship, which consists of the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. According to Mike Tyson's Book \"Undisputed Truth\", Tyrell Biggs dissed Tyson in 1984. When Tyson came to wish the American Boxing Olympic team","psg_id":"17259402"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs, billed as \"The Clash for the Crown\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 16, 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship, which consists of the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. According to Mike Tyson's Book \"Undisputed Truth\", Tyrell Biggs dissed Tyson in 1984. When Tyson came to wish the American Boxing Olympic team good luck, a lady came and wished the boxers a good trip. Tyrell Biggs then proceeded to laugh and said \"I don't know about him, but he certainly ain't getting on that plane\" (referring to","psg_id":"17259396"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne","text":"subsequently filing a $100 million lawsuit against Don King. After a 17-month layoff, Tyson would finally return to boxing on July 30, 2004 to take on Danny Williams. Though he came into the fight as a 9–1 underdog, Williams would upset Tyson by knocking him out in the fourth round. Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne, billed as \"Back to Business\", was a professional boxing match contested on February 22, 2003. In his previous fight on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson had met WBC and IBF heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis. In what would prove to be","psg_id":"17504900"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams, billed as \"Return for Revenge\", was a professional boxing match contested on July 30, 2004. Although former heavyweight champion Tyson entered the fray as a 9-to-1 favorite with oddsmakers, the fight was won by Williams by knock out at 2:51 of the 4th round. The 2004 Williams fight would prove to be Tyson's penultimate appearance in the ring. Following a lopsided, knock-out loss to Lennox Lewis on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson decided to make another attempt at a comeback. Tyson returned to boxing on February 22, 2003, to face","psg_id":"17519811"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris was a professional boxing match contested on October 23, 1999. After a year-and-a-half long layoff, Mike Tyson made his long-anticipated return to boxing on January 16, 1999 against Francois Botha. Though Tyson appeared sluggish throughout the bout and trailed on all scorecards going into the fifth round, he was able to land a powerful right hand in the round that dropped Botha to the canvas. Botha attempted to get back up, but was unable to do so and Tyson escaped with the knockout victory. However, shortly after his victory over","psg_id":"17502123"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas","text":"title, \"Rocky Lives!\" after the popular film series about a similarly underestimated boxing hero. For Tyson, though he retained a menacing aura for years afterwards, \"the mystique of the untouchable, invincible 'Baddest Man on the Planet' had been shattered.\" The fight is often ranked among the biggest upsets in sports history. The fight appeared in the \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\" episode \"Help a Brother Out.\" The fight is referenced in The Killers song \"Tyson vs. Douglas\", which also features audio of the commentators for the fight. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas, billed as \"Tyson Is Back!\",","psg_id":"14852386"},{"title":"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson","text":"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"Lewis–Tyson: Is On\", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and WBC heavyweight champion Mike Tyson. Prior to the event, Lewis was awarded the \"Ring\" magazine heavyweight title, which had been vacant since the late 1980s and was last held by Tyson. The fight was for Lewis' heavyweight championship titles. Lewis defeated Tyson by knockout in the eighth round. The fight","psg_id":"11884564"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr.","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr., billed as \"Presumption of Innocence\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 16, 1995. Mike Tyson had returned to boxing after a three-year prison stint with an 89-second victory over Peter McNeeley. After his victory, Tyson's rank as the number one ranked heavyweight was restored by the three major boxing organizations (the WBA, WBC and International Boxing Federation). Before he would fight for one of the three World Heavyweight titles, he would first partake in second comeback fight. Only days after his victory over McNeeley, it was","psg_id":"17284632"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr.","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr., billed as \"Presumption of Innocence\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 16, 1995. Mike Tyson had returned to boxing after a three-year prison stint with an 89-second victory over Peter McNeeley. After his victory, Tyson's rank as the number one ranked heavyweight was restored by the three major boxing organizations (the WBA, WBC and International Boxing Federation). Before he would fight for one of the three World Heavyweight titles, he would first partake in second comeback fight. Only days after his victory over McNeeley, it was","psg_id":"17284627"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen","text":"in the eighth round. Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen was a professional boxing match contested on October 13, 2001. Since returning to boxing in January 1999, former Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson was undefeated in the five fights he had fought between 1999 and 2000, notching three knockout wins over Francois Botha, Julius Francis and Lou Savarese, and fighting two no-contests with Orlin Norris and Andrew Golota. Tyson's previous fight had come against Golota almost a year earlier on October 20, 2000. Tyson dominated Golota for two rounds before Golota decided to quit between the","psg_id":"17506556"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen was a professional boxing match contested on October 13, 2001. Since returning to boxing in January 1999, former Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson was undefeated in the five fights he had fought between 1999 and 2000, notching three knockout wins over Francois Botha, Julius Francis and Lou Savarese, and fighting two no-contests with Orlin Norris and Andrew Golota. Tyson's previous fight had come against Golota almost a year earlier on October 20, 2000. Tyson dominated Golota for two rounds before Golota decided to quit between the second and third rounds.","psg_id":"17506548"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese, billed as \"Tyson's Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 24, 2000. Mike Tyson was three fights into his latest comeback, which started on January 16, 1999 with a fifth-round knockout victory over former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha. After a nine-month layoff due in large part to a four-month prison stint, Tyson met former WBA Cruiserweight champion Orlin Norris, but the bout ended in a no-contest after Tyson injured Norris with a punch that landed after the bell. Three months later, Tyson had his first ever fight","psg_id":"17487625"},{"title":"Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II","text":"his championship and the incident with Tyson, Holyfield said he already forgave Tyson for biting him since he has 100% faith in God and Jesus. Nonetheless, Tyson was sentenced with a permanent suspension from boxing and his license cancelled indefinitely. Tyson was also fined $3,000,000 and had to serve a period of community service. After a year and an appeal in court, Tyson's license was reinstated. When Tyson and Holyfield retired from boxing they befriended each other and are now close friends today. The fight generated a total revenue of $180,000,000 ($), from live gate, pay-per-view, closed-circuit telecasts, foreign television","psg_id":"15333162"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris","text":"agreed to face British journeyman Julius Francis in Manchester in January 2000. Norris then filed a $2 million lawsuit against Tyson, claiming that Tyson had broken an agreement that the two had made for the rematch in which Norris was reportedly promised a $2 million payday. However, Norris' request was denied by a Manhattan judge who stated that he did not think Norris argument would prevail in court. Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris was a professional boxing match contested on October 23, 1999. After a year-and-a-half long layoff, Mike Tyson made his long-anticipated return to","psg_id":"17502130"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese","text":"it was the second quickest fight of his career, behind only his 30-second victory over Marvis Frazier in 1986. Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese, billed as \"Tyson's Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 24, 2000. Mike Tyson was three fights into his latest comeback, which started on January 16, 1999 with a fifth-round knockout victory over former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha. After a nine-month layoff due in large part to a four-month prison stint, Tyson met former WBA Cruiserweight champion Orlin Norris, but the bout ended in a no-contest after Tyson","psg_id":"17487628"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno","text":"WBC heavyweight championship. In the rematch Tyson would again dominate Bruno, knocking him out in the third round to become the WBC heavyweight champion. Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno was a professional boxing match contested on February 25, 1989 for the WBA, WBC, IBF and lineal heavyweight championships. Tyson was coming off a 1st-round knockout over the previously undefeated Michael Spinks, which not only gave Tyson the lineal heavyweight title, but laid to rest any doubt over who was the rightful heavyweight champion. Next for Tyson was a bout against popular British fighter Frank Bruno","psg_id":"17274220"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno was a professional boxing match contested on February 25, 1989 for the WBA, WBC, IBF and lineal heavyweight championships. Tyson was coming off a 1st-round knockout over the previously undefeated Michael Spinks, which not only gave Tyson the lineal heavyweight title, but laid to rest any doubt over who was the rightful heavyweight champion. Next for Tyson was a bout against popular British fighter Frank Bruno that was originally set for October 8, 1988 at Wembley Stadium in Bruno's native England. However, on August 23, 1988, Tyson was involved in","psg_id":"17274213"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"Tyson. Kirkpatrick frequented pool halls, gambled and hung out on the streets. \"My father was just a regular street guy caught up in the street world,\" Tyson said. Kirkpatrick abandoned the Tyson family around the time Mike was born, leaving Tyson's mother to care for the children on her own. Kirkpatrick died in 1992. The family lived in Bedford-Stuyvesant until their financial burdens necessitated a move to Brownsville when Tyson was 10 years old. Tyson's mother died six years later, leaving 16-year-old Tyson in the care of boxing manager and trainer Cus D'Amato, who would become his legal guardian. Tyson","psg_id":"506707"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas","text":"a unification match with Tony Tucker, who was able to capture the IBF Heavyweight Championship by defeating Buster Douglas by 10th round technical knockout prior to the Tyson–Thomas fight. The two men went the full 12 rounds, with Tyson ultimately picking up the victory by unanimous decision to become the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas, billed as \"Hard Road to Glory\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 30, 1987, for the WBA and WBC heavyweight championships. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the","psg_id":"17305039"},{"title":"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson","text":"Trevor Berbick disappear. Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"Judgment Day\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 22, 1986 for the WBC Heavyweight Championship. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the World Boxing Council, the World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation teamed with HBO to create a heavyweight championship tournament in an effort to crown the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. All three of the organizations' heavyweight champions, as well as several of the sport's top contenders, were entered into the tournament. In the first","psg_id":"17251644"},{"title":"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson","text":"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"Judgment Day\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 22, 1986 for the WBC Heavyweight Championship. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the World Boxing Council, the World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation teamed with HBO to create a heavyweight championship tournament in an effort to crown the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. All three of the organizations' heavyweight champions, as well as several of the sport's top contenders, were entered into the tournament. In the first leg of the","psg_id":"17251638"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman","text":"Tyson trapped Tillman in the corner. Tillman attempted to throw a jab, but Tyson countered with a strong right hand that dropped Tillman to the mat. Tillman remained on his back as the referee counted him out and Tyson was named the winner by way of knockout at 2:47 of the first round. Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman, billed as \"The Road Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 16, 1990. In his previous fight, Mike Tyson had lost his Undisputed Heavyweight title after being knocked out in the tenth round by 42–1","psg_id":"17482875"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart, billed as \"The Hard Way Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 8, 1990. On February 11, 1990, Mike Tyson endured an upset loss to James \"Buster\" Douglas that cost him the undisputed Heavyweight Championship. Though he had hoped for a rematch, Douglas instead opted to face the number one contender, Evander Holyfield. As such, Tyson was forced to go down the comeback trail. His first opponent was 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist Henry Tillman, who had twice defeated Tyson as an amateur. Tyson easily defeated Tillman, knocking him","psg_id":"17276719"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. James Smith","text":"Mike Tyson vs. James Smith Mike Tyson vs. James Smith, billed as \"Super Fight\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 7, 1987 for the WBA and WBC Heavyweight championships, as part of the heavyweight unification series. Mike Tyson was coming off a dominating victory over Trevor Berbick in which he captured the WBC Heavyweight championship after knocking out Berbick in the second round. Tyson's next opponent would be the WBA Heavyweight champion James \"Bonecrusher\" Smith, who had knocked out Tim Witherspoon in the first round to capture the title four months earlier. The stakes for the fight were","psg_id":"17261284"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis was a professional boxing match contested on 29 January 2000. Tyson's previous fight had come against Orlin Norris three months prior. The fight was another controversial one for Tyson, who hit Norris with left hand after the first bell had rang that dropped him to the canvas. Norris fell awkwardly and injured his right knee in the process and decided that he could not continue on with the fight, which was then declared a no-contest after only one round. Originally, Tyson stated that he would be in favor of a","psg_id":"17499545"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green","text":"across his nose that required five stitches. Tyson, however, would not walk away unscathed, as his right hand was fractured during the melee, causing his scheduled October fight against Frank Bruno to be pushed back. Tyson would later recount the incident in his book and in 2013 on his one-man Broadway show, The Undisputed Truth. Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green, billed as \"New York Is Busting Out\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 20, 1986. Mike Tyson was 19 years old and undefeated when he met former heavyweight contender James \"Quick\" Tillis in","psg_id":"17535457"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green, billed as \"New York Is Busting Out\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 20, 1986. Mike Tyson was 19 years old and undefeated when he met former heavyweight contender James \"Quick\" Tillis in his 20th professional bout. Tyson had won all his 19 previous fights by way of knockout, while Tillis had lost four of his previous five fights and came into the fight as a huge underdog. Tillis, however, put on a good effort and was able to take Tyson the full 10 rounds, the first time","psg_id":"17535453"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas, billed as \"Tyson Is Back!\", was a professional boxing match that occurred at the Tokyo Dome on February 11, 1990. The event is historically significant, as the then-undefeated, undisputed heavyweight champion Tyson lost by knockout to the 42–1 underdog Douglas. The fight is widely considered one of the biggest upsets in sports history. Going into the fight, Mike Tyson was the undefeated and undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. He held the WBC, WBA, and IBF titles. Despite the several controversies that marked Tyson's profile at the time, such as","psg_id":"14852372"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams","text":"the desire to fight and announced his retirement from boxing. Willams, meanwhile, was able to extend his victory over Tyson into a world title fight with WBC heavyweight champion Vitali Klitschko. Williams met Klitschko on December 11, 2004. Williams was dominated for the entire fight. Klitschko knocked down Williams four times through eight rounds, before the referee waved off the fight following the fourth and final knock-down at 1:26 of the eighth round. Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams, billed as \"Return for Revenge\", was a professional boxing match contested on July 30, 2004. Although former","psg_id":"17519818"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne, billed as \"Back to Business\", was a professional boxing match contested on February 22, 2003. In his previous fight on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson had met WBC and IBF heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis. In what would prove to be the final title match of Tyson's career, he was thoroughly outboxed by Lewis, who from the second round on, won every round on the judge's scorecards before knocking out Tyson in the eighth. Though Tyson's plans were not immediately known after his defeat, he announced in November that he would","psg_id":"17504893"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman, billed as \"The Road Back\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 16, 1990. In his previous fight, Mike Tyson had lost his Undisputed Heavyweight title after being knocked out in the tenth round by 42–1 underdog James \"Buster\" Douglas in one of the biggest upsets in sports history. After a failed protest, Tyson's promoter Don King attempted to quickly gain a rematch with Douglas, but Douglas turned down King's offer and instead chose to face the number one contender Evander Holyfield. Left with little choice, Tyson was forced","psg_id":"17482872"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock, billed as \"The Fight of the Year\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 18, 1991. After losing the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship to James \"Buster\" Douglas on February 11, 1990, Mike Tyson embarked on a comeback hopes of regaining his title. First, he knocked out 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist and former amateur opponent, Henry Tillman in the first round. Then, he met up-and-coming prospect Alex Stewart, whose 26 victories had all come by way of knockout. Despite Stewart's impressive resume, Tyson picked up another easy victory by way of","psg_id":"17280666"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker, billed as \"The Ultimate\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 1, 1987 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight championships. HBO had organized the heavyweight unification series, a tournament intended to find the next Undisputed Champion. Mike Tyson was able to defeat Trevor Berbick and James Smith to capture the WBC and WBA Heavyweight titles during the series. Meanwhile, Tucker was scheduled to challenge Michael Spinks for the IBF title with the winner to meet Tyson for right to become the Undisputed Champion. Spinks, however, withdrew from his","psg_id":"17263273"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier was a professional boxing match contested on July 26, 1986. The fight is notable for being the quickest knockout victory of Tyson's professional career, lasting only 30 seconds. The undefeated Mike Tyson had built his record up to 24–0, including 9 wins in 1986 alone. With Tyson now ranked at number two on the WBC heavyweight rankings, his next opponent became Marvis Frazer, son of former heavyweight champion Joe Frazier. Frazier had been an up-and-coming prospect, but in his first high-profile fight, had been knocked out in the first round","psg_id":"17542995"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier","text":"before unleashing two consecutive uppercuts, the second of which knocked Frazier unconscious. Tyson then landed several more blows before Frazier fell to the canvas, slumped against the ropes. Referee Joe Cortez began to count to ten, but as Frazier was clearly unresponsive, stopped the count at five and ended the fight. The fight would last only 30 seconds, becoming the quickest victory of Tyson's professional career. Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier was a professional boxing match contested on July 26, 1986. The fight is notable for being the quickest knockout victory of Tyson's professional career,","psg_id":"17542997"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams was a professional boxing match contested on July 21, 1989, for WBA, WBC, IBF and \"Lineal\" Heavyweight championships. After Tyson's dominating victory over Frank Bruno five months prior, negotiations for a potential bout with Carl Williams began, and on June 15, 1989, the fight was made official. Four years earlier, Williams had challenged then-IBF Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes for the title, only to narrowly lose by unanimous decision. Prior to his fight with Tyson, Williams had won his previous five fights, including a victory over former champion Trevor Berbick which","psg_id":"17271372"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II, billed as \"The Rematch\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1991. Three months earlier, Tyson and Ruddock, who were boxing's number one and two ranked heavyweights respectively, had fought each other to determine who would next face the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Evander Holyfield. Mike Tyson was awarded the victory via a controversial 7th-round technical knockout. After Tyson hit Ruddock with a six-punch combination, referee Richard Steele stepped in and stopped the fight despite the fact the Ruddock had not been knocked down and appeared to","psg_id":"17285354"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs was a professional boxing match contested on March 21, 1988 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. Tyson was only two months removed from an impressive victory over ex-Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. Shortly after his victory, Tyson's promoter Don King was able to work out a blockbuster deal with Michael Spinks and Spinks' promoter Butch Lewis that would see Spinks finally meet Tyson for the Undisputed Championship. Before that fight would happen, however, Tyson would first have to defend his titles against former WBA Heavyweight champion Tony Tubbs in","psg_id":"17267891"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs was a professional boxing match contested on March 21, 1988 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. Tyson was only two months removed from an impressive victory over ex-Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. Shortly after his victory, Tyson's promoter Don King was able to work out a blockbuster deal with Michael Spinks and Spinks' promoter Butch Lewis that would see Spinks finally meet Tyson for the Undisputed Championship. Before that fight would happen, however, Tyson would first have to defend his titles against former WBA Heavyweight champion Tony Tubbs in","psg_id":"17267885"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride","text":"slip rather than a knockdown. Tyson would have won the round, but the two-point deduction gave McBride a 9–8 win on the scorecards. Though Tyson still led on two of the judge's scorecards, Tyson shockingly quit on his stool before the seventh round began, automatically giving McBride the victory by technical knockout. Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride was a professional boxing match contested on June 11, 2005. Although the former heavyweight champion appeared to be ahead on points on the judges' scorecards through six rounds, he failed to answer the bell for the 7th round","psg_id":"17528057"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas, billed as \"Hard Road to Glory\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 30, 1987, for the WBA and WBC heavyweight championships. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the WBA, WBC and IBF, teamed with HBO to develop the heavyweight unification series, a tournament that would ultimately unify all three Heavyweight titles and determine the next Undisputed Champion. The first fight in the series pitted WBC Heavyweight champion Pinklon Thomas against Trevor Berbick on March 22, 1986. Berbick captured the WBC Heavyweight title after defeating Thomas by unanimous","psg_id":"17305034"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride was a professional boxing match contested on June 11, 2005. Although the former heavyweight champion appeared to be ahead on points on the judges' scorecards through six rounds, he failed to answer the bell for the 7th round and was ruled defeated by technical knockout. The fight would prove to be the final one of Tyson's professional career. After being knocked out in the fourth round of his previous fight against Danny Williams, Mike Tyson took a lengthy hiatus as he contemplated whether or not he would continue to fight.","psg_id":"17528053"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes, billed as \"Heavyweight History\", was a professional boxing match contested on January 22, 1988, for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. After winning all four of his championship bouts in 1987, Tyson's promoter Don King organized a \"dream match\" with former WBC and IBF Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. The 38-year-old Holmes had been out of boxing for nearly two years, having retired after two consecutive losses to Michael Spinks. Holmes had difficulty working out a deal with King. However, with an estimated $3 million being offered to him, as","psg_id":"17265867"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota, billed as \"Showdown in Motown\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 20, 2000. After serving a 15-month ban because of his actions during his 1997 match with Evander Holyfield, Tyson returned in January 1999 with a fifth round knockout win over heavyweight contender, Francois Botha. After Botha, Tyson had little trouble with his next three opponents. He fought a no-contest with Orlin Norris. Norris was injured and could not continue after the first round. A second round knockout against journeyman fighter, Julius Francis followed by a 34-second knockout","psg_id":"17311333"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota","text":"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota, billed as \"Showdown in Motown\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 20, 2000. After serving a 15-month ban because of his actions during his 1997 match with Evander Holyfield, Tyson returned in January 1999 with a fifth round knockout win over heavyweight contender, Francois Botha. After Botha, Tyson had little trouble with his next three opponents. He fought a no-contest with Orlin Norris. Norris was injured and could not continue after the first round. A second round knockout against journeyman fighter, Julius Francis followed by a 34-second knockout","psg_id":"17311327"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis","text":"ended the fight after another right uppercut sent Francis down. Following the fifth knockdown, referee Roy Francis immediately stopped the fight and Tyson was awarded the knockout victory at 58 second of the second round. Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis was a professional boxing match contested on 29 January 2000. Tyson's previous fight had come against Orlin Norris three months prior. The fight was another controversial one for Tyson, who hit Norris with left hand after the first bell had rang that dropped him to the canvas. Norris fell awkwardly and injured his right knee","psg_id":"17499551"},{"title":"Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II","text":"Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II, billed as \"The Championship: Part I\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 16, 1996 for the WBC Heavyweight championship. Frank Bruno, at that time, had been a professional boxer for over thirteen years. He was a former European heavyweight champion and had received several shots at the world heavyweight title over the course of his career. The first came in 1986, when he was knocked out by Tim Witherspoon in a bout for his WBA title. He fought Mike Tyson in 1989 for his undisputed world","psg_id":"17257678"},{"title":"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson","text":"made no real effort to get back up and continue fighting. Lennox Lewis is declared the winner by KO. A month later, Lewis vacated the IBF title deciding not to fight Chris Byrd, who was the mandatory challenger. The fight was named Ring Magazine Knockout of the Year for 2002. Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"Lewis–Tyson: Is On\", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and","psg_id":"11884576"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock","text":"his feet and was seemingly healthy enough to continue the fight, Steele stepped between the two fighters and stopped the fight, awarding Tyson the victory by technical knockout. The decision enraged Ruddock's corner with Ruddock's brother and manager, Delroy storming the ring to confront Steele. Tyson's trainer Richie Giachetti attempted to restrain Delroy but a melee ensued that also involved Ruddock's promoter Murad Muhammad. Mirage security had to break up the scuffle and escort Steele to safety. Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock, billed as \"The Fight of the Year\", was a professional boxing match contested","psg_id":"17280670"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"later, Mr. Tyson bit Evander Holyfield's ear in a heavyweight champion bout — hardly a proud moment for the sport.\" In Ring Magazine's list of the 80 Best Fighters of the Last 80 Years, released in 2002, Tyson was ranked at No. 72. He is ranked No. 16 on \"Ring Magazine\"s 2003 list of 100 greatest punchers of all time. On June 12, 2011, Tyson was inducted to the International Boxing Hall of Fame alongside legendary Mexican champion Julio César Chávez, light welterweight champion Kostya Tszyu, and actor/screenwriter Sylvester Stallone. In an interview with \"USA Today\" published on June 3,","psg_id":"506753"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs","text":"Mike Tyson not being selected among the American Boxing Olympic Team). Only two months prior to his match with Biggs, Tyson had defeated Tony Tucker by unanimous decision to unify all three major heavyweight championships and become the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion. Though many had hoped this would lead to a match with \"Lineal\" Heavyweight champion Michael Spinks, Spinks remained reluctant to face Tyson. As such, Tyson instead chose to face one of his mandatory challengers, 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist Tyrell Biggs, who was undefeated since turning pro. Prior to their fight, Biggs bashed Tyson in the press, boldly stating among","psg_id":"17259397"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"1 that documented his personal and private life entitled \"Being Mike Tyson\". In November 2013, Tyson released his book \"Undisputed Truth\", which also made it on The New York Times Best Seller list. An animated series named \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\", featuring Tyson solving mysteries in the style of Scooby-Doo, premiered on Adult Swim in late October 2014. In early March 2015, Tyson appeared on the track \"Iconic\" on Madonna's album \"Rebel Heart\". Tyson says some lines at the beginning of the song. In late March 2015, \"Ip Man 3\" was announced. With Donnie Yen reprising his role as the titular","psg_id":"506760"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II","text":"Greg Page and Phil Jackson. This would set up a match with Lennox Lewis for the right to face the winner of the Evander Holyfield–Riddick Bowe fight for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship. Ruddock would end up being knocked out by Lewis in the 2nd round, costing him a chance at the title and effectively ending his status as one of boxing's premier heavyweights. Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II, billed as \"The Rematch\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1991. Three months earlier, Tyson and Ruddock, who were boxing's number one","psg_id":"17285362"},{"title":"Mike Tyson in popular culture","text":"the duo had their way until Tyson revealed a DX T-shirt he was wearing underneath a black shirt he was wearing and knocked out Jericho, which allowed Shawn Michaels to pin Jericho, giving DX the win. On April 2, 2012 Tyson was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame at the American Airlines Arena in Miami. He was inducted by D-Generation X members Shawn Michaels and Triple H. In 2016, Tyson starred in the documentary film Nine Legends where he discussed his time involved in the WWE. Mike Tyson in popular culture Mike Tyson is an","psg_id":"10038471"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"going to feel better about myself. I'm not going to be depressed\", explained Tyson about the reasons for his \"comeback\". A 1998 ranking of \"The Greatest Heavyweights of All-Time\" by \"Ring\" magazine placed Tyson at No.14 on the list. Despite criticism of facing underwhelming competition during his run as champion, Tyson's knockout power and intimidation factor made him the sport's most dynamic box office attraction. According to Douglas Quenqua of \"The New York Times\", \"The [1990s] began with Mike Tyson, considered by many to be the last great heavyweight champion, losing his title to the little-known Buster Douglas. Seven years","psg_id":"506752"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"\"Tyson\", he stated that he fought McBride for a payday, that he did not anticipate winning, that he was in poor physical condition and fed up with taking boxing seriously. After losing three of his last four fights, Tyson said he would quit boxing because he felt he had lost his passion for the sport. When Tyson fired everyone working for him and got new accountants in 2000, they prepared a statement showing he started the year $3.3 million in the hole but made $65.7 million. \"The problem was that I spent $62 million that year,' Tyson said, \"I just","psg_id":"506749"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker","text":"racking up 14 consecutive victories, landing him another shot at the WBC Heavyweight championship against Lennox Lewis, though he would ultimately lose via unanimous decision. Tucker later stated that he broke his right hand early in the fight, after damaging it in pre-fight sparring. Tucker stated: \"I hit him with a right uppercut early and my hand just shattered. It was the worst pain ever. I still went on though, that’s why I did all those antics and everything.\" Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker, billed as \"The Ultimate\", was a professional boxing match contested on","psg_id":"17263278"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs","text":"other things \"He`s never fought anyone like me. I don't know this Tyson the way you guys talk about him. I know Tyson from way back when.\" Biggs would also promise to use his mobility and superior overall boxing ability against the stronger Tyson stating \"He's strong, but his strength will not hurt me. Every fighter I fight is stronger than me, but as the fight goes on, as I use my mobility and boxing ability, strength is no longer a factor. What will he do then?\" Through the first two rounds, Biggs attempted to ward off Tyson's attack by","psg_id":"17259398"},{"title":"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson","text":"Guild of America (DGA) award as Best Documentary Director of 1993. Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson is a 1993 film made by acclaimed American documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple. Though Tyson was in jail serving a sentence for rape, Kopple used existing interviews with the boxer, as well as her own extensive interviews with those closest to Tyson, to explore the man's history. The film traces Tyson's story from his troubled and tumultuous upbringing, through his rapid ascendancy in the ranks of the boxing world and his subsequent struggle with","psg_id":"11202254"},{"title":"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson","text":"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson is a 1993 film made by acclaimed American documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple. Though Tyson was in jail serving a sentence for rape, Kopple used existing interviews with the boxer, as well as her own extensive interviews with those closest to Tyson, to explore the man's history. The film traces Tyson's story from his troubled and tumultuous upbringing, through his rapid ascendancy in the ranks of the boxing world and his subsequent struggle with the trappings of fame. \"Fallen Champ\" earned Barbara Kopple a Directors","psg_id":"11202253"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha","text":"of 4–1 on October 18, 1998. After much speculation over who Tyson would face in his return bout, it was officially announced that Tyson would face former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha on January 16, 1999. Despite his long layoff, Tyson was forthright about his chances of collecting a victory over Botha by way of knockout. On one occasion, Tyson stated \"I am going right at him and I expect him to go down cold. I expect him to die.\" The comment would cause some controversy, with some in the boxing world claiming that Tyson had gone too far. Botha","psg_id":"17306524"},{"title":"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson","text":"final heavyweight championship victory. Rapper Tupac Shakur was attending the fight that night, and was fatally shot after the fight in a drive-by shooting. He died six days later on September 13, 1996 at 4:03 pm from ballistic trauma. Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"The Championship: Part II\" was a professional boxing match fought on September 7, 1996 for the WBA Heavyweight championship. The fight was part of a pay-per-view event produced by Don King Productions and carried on pay-per-view by Showtime. The fight is notable in the fact that in attendance was","psg_id":"17253870"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"to grant Tyson a license for the fight, and the promoters had to make alternative arrangements. After multiple states balked at granting Tyson a license, the fight eventually occurred on June 8 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee. Lewis dominated the fight and knocked out Tyson with a right hand in the eighth round. Tyson was respectful after the fight and praised Lewis on his victory. This fight was the highest-grossing event in pay-per-view history at that time, generating $106.9 million from 1.95 million buys in the USA. In another Memphis fight on February 22, 2003, Tyson beat fringe","psg_id":"506745"},{"title":"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson","text":"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \"The Championship: Part II\" was a professional boxing match fought on September 7, 1996 for the WBA Heavyweight championship. The fight was part of a pay-per-view event produced by Don King Productions and carried on pay-per-view by Showtime. The fight is notable in the fact that in attendance was rapper Tupac Shakur, who would be fatally shot just hours after the fight, following an altercation with Crip Orlando \"Baby Lane\" Anderson at the casino. Shakur died six days later on September 13 from ballistic trauma. After George Foreman","psg_id":"17253864"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"on \"The Ring\"s list of 100 greatest punchers of all time, and No. 1 in the ESPN.com list of \"The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History.\" Sky Sports described him as \"perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring.\" He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame. Michael Gerard Tyson was born in Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York on June 30, 1966. He has an elder brother named Rodney (born c. 1961) and had an elder sister named Denise, who died of a heart attack at age 24 in","psg_id":"506705"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"broadcast. Tyson won easily, charging at Frazier at the opening bell and hitting him with an uppercut that knocked Frazier unconscious thirty seconds into the fight. On November 22, 1986, Tyson was given his first title fight against Trevor Berbick for the World Boxing Council (WBC) heavyweight championship. Tyson won the title by TKO in the second round, and at the age of 20 years and 4 months became the youngest heavyweight champion in history. Tyson's dominant performance brought many accolades. Donald Saunders wrote: \"The noble and manly art of boxing can at least cease worrying about its immediate future,","psg_id":"506714"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"2011, Tyson gave an interview in which he made comments about former Alaska governor Sarah Palin that included crude and violent descriptions of interracial sex. These comments were then reprinted on the Daily Caller website. Journalist Greta van Susteren criticized Tyson and the Daily Caller over the comments, which she described as \"smut\" and \"violence against women\". After debuting a one-man show in Las Vegas, Tyson teamed up with director Spike Lee and brought the show to Broadway in August 2012. In February 2013, Tyson took his one-man show \"Mike Tyson: Undisputed Truth\" on a 36-city, three-month national tour. Tyson","psg_id":"506758"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"to his rape conviction. Tyson is played by Michael Jai White. Published in 2007, author Joe Layden's book \"The Last Great Fight: The Extraordinary Tale of Two Men and How One Fight Changed Their Lives Forever\", chronicled the lives of Tyson and Douglas before and after their heavyweight championship fight. In 2008, the documentary \"Tyson\" premiered at the annual Cannes Film Festival in France. He is the titular character in \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\", which started airing on October 27, 2014 on Adult Swim. In the show, Tyson voices a fictionalized version of himself. In 2016, Tyson starred in the documentary","psg_id":"506770"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"the planet\" and arguably the most feared boxer in professional boxing at that time, has been described as one of the most shocking upsets in modern sports history. After the loss, Tyson recovered with a first round knockouts of Henry Tillman and Alex Stewart in his next two fights. Tyson's victory over Tillman, the 1984 Olympic heavyweight gold medalist, enabled Tyson to avenge his amateur losses at Tillman's hands. These bouts set up an elimination match for another shot at the undisputed world heavyweight championship, which Evander Holyfield had taken from Douglas in his first defense of the title. Tyson,","psg_id":"506725"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"it. After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year, Tyson lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh round stoppage. Their 1997 rematch ended when Tyson was disqualified for biting Holyfield's ears. In 2002, Tyson fought for the world heavyweight title again at the age of 35, losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis. Tyson retired from professional boxing in 2006, after being knocked out in consecutive matches against Danny Williams and Kevin McBride. Tyson declared bankruptcy in 2003, despite having received over $30 million for several of his fights and $300 million during his career.","psg_id":"506703"},{"title":"Mike Tyson Mysteries","text":"has received mostly positive reviews from critics. The show currently holds an 82% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 11 reviews, with its consensus being: \"A dizzying whirl of lowbrow and high-concept, \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\" should more than satisfy fans of Adult Swim's signature blend of animated silliness.\" Metacritic gives the show a score of 75/100 based on six reviews, indicating \"generally favorable\" reviews. Mike Tyson Mysteries Mike Tyson Mysteries is an American adult animated television series, and the first to be produced by Warner Bros. Animation for Adult Swim. It premiered October 27, 2014. The series features Mike Tyson","psg_id":"18185242"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"character, Bruce Lee's martial arts master, Ip Man, while Mike Tyson has been confirmed to join the cast. Principal photography began on March 25, 2015, and was premiered in Hong Kong on December 16, 2015. In January 2017, Tyson launched his YouTube channel with Shots Studios, a comedy video and comedy music production company with young digital stars like Lele Pons and Rudy Mancuso. Tyson's channel includes parody music videos and comedy sketches. In May 2017, Tyson published his second book, \"Iron Ambition\", which details his time with trainer and surrogate father Cus D'Amato. In October 2017, Tyson was announced","psg_id":"506761"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"his time tending to his 350 pigeons in Paradise Valley, an upscale enclave near Phoenix, Arizona. Tyson has stayed in the limelight by promoting various websites and companies. In the past Tyson had shunned endorsements, accusing other athletes of putting on a false front to obtain them. Tyson has held entertainment boxing shows at a casino in Las Vegas and started a tour of exhibition bouts to pay off his numerous debts. On December 29, 2006, Tyson was arrested in Scottsdale, Arizona, on suspicion of DUI and felony drug possession; he nearly crashed into a police SUV shortly after leaving","psg_id":"506755"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"round, Tyson was unexpectedly knocked out. After the fight, it was revealed that Tyson was trying to fight on one leg, having torn a ligament in his other knee in the first round. This was Tyson's fifth career defeat. He underwent surgery for the ligament four days after the fight. His manager, Shelly Finkel, claimed that Tyson was unable to throw meaningful right-hand punches since he had a knee injury. On June 11, 2005, Tyson stunned the boxing world by quitting before the start of the seventh round in a close bout against journeyman Kevin McBride. In the 2008 documentary","psg_id":"506748"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"port of the \"Punch Out!!\" arcade game. In 1987, Nintendo released \"Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!\", which was well received and sold more than a million copies. Tyson had three fights in 1988. He faced Larry Holmes on January 22, 1988, and defeated the legendary former champion by KO in the fourth round. This was the only knockout loss Holmes suffered in 75 professional bouts. In March, Tyson then fought contender Tony Tubbs in Tokyo, Japan, fitting in an easy second round TKO victory amid promotional and marketing work. On June 27, 1988, Tyson faced Michael Spinks. Spinks, who had taken the","psg_id":"506718"},{"title":"Mike Tyson","text":"At the time the media reported that he had approximately $23 million of debt. Tyson was well known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring. Nicknamed \"Iron\" and \"Kid Dynamite\" in his early career, and later known as \"The Baddest Man on the Planet,\" Tyson is considered one of the best heavyweights of all time. Tyson holds the third longest unified championship reign in heavyweight history at eight consecutive defenses. He currently ranks #15 in BoxRec's ranking of the greatest heavyweight boxers in history. He was ranked No. 16","psg_id":"506704"},{"title":"Boxing in the 1980s","text":"Boxing in the 1980s Boxing in the 1980s was filled with important fights, events and personalities that shaped the sport. Boxing in the 1980s was shaped by many different situations, such as the continuous corporate battles between the different world sanctioning organizations, the void left by Muhammad Ali as the sport's ambassador and consequent search for a new boxing hero, the continuous presence of Don King as the sport's most famous promoter, the surge of rival promoters as Bob Arum, Butch Lewis and Murad Muhammad, and major rule changes. In 1986, Mike Tyson emerged as a fresh new face in","psg_id":"2256143"},{"title":"Iron Mike Productions","text":"and former heavyweight champion Mike Tyson partnered and formed Iron Mike Productions. This marked the hall-of-famer's return to boxing since his last appearance in the ring in 2005. The new promotion company's debut will take place on August 23, 2013 at the Turning Stone Resort Casino in Verona, New York, and will be broadcast live on ESPN2's \"Friday Night Fights\". Iron Mike Productions Iron Mike Productions (formerly Acquinity Sports) was a boxing promotion company, based in Deerfield Beach, Florida, United States. Acquinity Sports was founded in 2012 by Garry Jonas, CEO of Acquinity Interactive. Jonas partnered with former heavyweight champion","psg_id":"17490952"},{"title":"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green","text":"win a lopsided unanimous decision by two scores of 9–1 and one score of 8–2. Though the two fighters would never again face each other in a boxing ring, Tyson and Green were involved in a high-profile street fight two years later, by which time Tyson was the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion. On August 24, 1988, Green confronted Tyson at Dapper Dan's in Harlem, claiming that Tyson's promoter Don King owed him money. The argument then escalated into a physical confrontation during which Tyson landed a straight right hand across Green's face, completely shutting Green's left eye and opening a cut","psg_id":"17535456"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"not permanent, as the commission voted 4–1 to restore Tyson's boxing license on October 18, 1998. During his time away from boxing in 1998, Tyson made a guest appearance at WrestleMania XIV as an enforcer for the main event match between Shawn Michaels and Steve Austin. During this time, Tyson was also an unofficial member of Michaels' stable, D-Generation X. Tyson was paid $3 million for being guest enforcer of the match at WrestleMania XIV. In January 1999, Tyson returned to the ring for a match against the South African Francois Botha. This match also ended in controversy. While Botha\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506739\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The Bite Fight\\\" was made in 2013 by George Willis, illustrating the lives of Tyson and Holyfield before, during, and after the fight. Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II, billed as \\\"The Sound and the Fury\\\" and afterwards infamously referred to as \\\"The Bite Fight\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1997 for the WBA Heavyweight Championship. It achieved notoriety as one of the most bizarre fights in boxing history, after Tyson bit off part of Holyfield's ear. Tyson was disqualified from the match and lost his boxing license, though it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15333164\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson in popular culture\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson in popular culture Mike Tyson is an American former World Heavyweight boxing Champion. Tyson, ranked by ESPN as the #1 Most Outrageous Character in modern sports history has appeared in numerous popular media in either cameo appearances or as a subject of parody or satire. Tyson made a guest appearance at WrestleMania XIV on March 29, 1998 as a special outside enforcer for the main event match between Shawn Michaels and Stone Cold Steve Austin. Before the match, Tyson seemingly aligned himself with Michaels and his D-Generation X stable, due to the fact that he and his entourage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10038469\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield\",\n \"text\": \"in the history of boxing. Holyfield also became the first person since Muhammad Ali to win a heavyweight championship belt three times, although, unlike Ali, Holyfield's third championship win had not been for the lineal heavyweight title, which was at that time held by George Foreman. At the post-fight press conference, Tyson addressed Holyfield: \\\"Thank you very much. I have the greatest respect for you.\\\" Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield Mike Tyson vs. Evander Holyfield, billed as \\\"Finally\\\", was a professional boxing match fought between Evander Holyfield and Mike Tyson for the World Boxing Association heavyweight championship on November 9,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10078739\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"film \\\"Nine Legends\\\" where he discussed his time involved in WWE. Select pay-per-view boxing buy rates at American closed-circuit theatre television venues: The Central State University in Wilberforce, Ohio, in 1989 awarded Tyson an honorary doctorate in humane letters: \\\"Mike demonstrates that hard work, determination and perseverance can enable one to overcome any obstacles.\\\" Mike Tyson Michael Gerard Tyson (born June 30, 1966) is an American former professional boxer who competed from 1985 to 2005. He reigned as the undisputed world heavyweight champion and holds the record as the youngest boxer to win a heavyweight title at 20 years, four\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506771\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley\",\n \"text\": \"his rematch with Frank Bruno and a match with Evander Holyfield and then the subsequent 1997 rematch between Tyson and Holyfield. Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley, billed as \\\"He's Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 19, 1995. The match marked the return of Mike Tyson to professional boxing after over four years away due to his 1991 arrest and subsequent conviction for rape in 1992 which led to Tyson serving three years in prison. Tyson had twice defeated the number two ranked heavyweight, Donovan \\\"Razor\\\" Ruddock, in 1991. Shortly after his second\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17220749\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley Mike Tyson vs. Peter McNeeley, billed as \\\"He's Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 19, 1995. The match marked the return of Mike Tyson to professional boxing after over four years away due to his 1991 arrest and subsequent conviction for rape in 1992 which led to Tyson serving three years in prison. Tyson had twice defeated the number two ranked heavyweight, Donovan \\\"Razor\\\" Ruddock, in 1991. Shortly after his second victory over Ruddock, a blockbuster deal was made that would see Tyson face the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Evander Holyfield on November\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17220745\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks\",\n \"text\": \"into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame. Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the \\\"Ring\\\" champion and was considered the lineal champion. Held at the Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15939319\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson Mysteries Mike Tyson Mysteries is an American adult animated television series, and the first to be produced by Warner Bros. Animation for Adult Swim. It premiered October 27, 2014. The series features Mike Tyson solving mysteries, in the style of \\\"\\\", \\\"Scooby-Doo!\\\", \\\"Jonny Quest\\\", and \\\"Mr. T\\\". On December 10, 2014, Adult Swim renewed the series for a second season, which premiered on November 1, 2015. A third season premiered on May 14, 2017, and the remaining Season 3 episodes aired from March 4, 2018 to May 13, 2018. The show follows Mike Tyson, the ghost of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18185240\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"talks about his personal and professional life on stage. The one-man show was aired on HBO on November 16, 2013. In October 2012, Tyson launched the Mike Tyson Cares Foundation. The mission of the Mike Tyson Cares Foundation is to \\\"give kids a fighting chance\\\" by providing innovative centers that provide for the comprehensive needs of kids from broken homes. In August 2013, Tyson teamed up with Acquinity Interactive CEO Garry Jonas to form Iron Mike Productions, a boxing promotions company, formerly known as Acquinity Sports. In September 2013, Tyson was featured on a six-episode television series on Fox Sports\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506759\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks Mike Tyson vs. Michael Spinks was a boxing match which took place on Monday June 27, 1988. Both men were undefeated and each had a claim to being the legitimate heavyweight champion. At the time, Tyson held the belts of all three of the major sanctioning organizations (World Boxing Council, World Boxing Association, and International Boxing Federation) while Spinks was the \\\"Ring\\\" champion and was considered the lineal champion. Held at the Atlantic City Convention Hall in Atlantic City, New Jersey and promoted as \\\"once and for all\\\", it was at the time the richest\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15939299\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs\",\n \"text\": \"Heavyweight champions, Riddick Bowe and Lennox Lewis, though he was defeated by both men by way of technical knockout. This would prove to be the last Heavyweight title fight to be scheduled for 15 rounds. Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs, billed as \\\"The Clash for the Crown\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 16, 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship, which consists of the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. According to Mike Tyson's Book \\\"Undisputed Truth\\\", Tyrell Biggs dissed Tyson in 1984. When Tyson came to wish the American Boxing Olympic team\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17259402\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs, billed as \\\"The Clash for the Crown\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 16, 1987 for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship, which consists of the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. According to Mike Tyson's Book \\\"Undisputed Truth\\\", Tyrell Biggs dissed Tyson in 1984. When Tyson came to wish the American Boxing Olympic team good luck, a lady came and wished the boxers a good trip. Tyrell Biggs then proceeded to laugh and said \\\"I don't know about him, but he certainly ain't getting on that plane\\\" (referring to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17259396\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne\",\n \"text\": \"subsequently filing a $100 million lawsuit against Don King. After a 17-month layoff, Tyson would finally return to boxing on July 30, 2004 to take on Danny Williams. Though he came into the fight as a 9–1 underdog, Williams would upset Tyson by knocking him out in the fourth round. Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne, billed as \\\"Back to Business\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on February 22, 2003. In his previous fight on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson had met WBC and IBF heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis. In what would prove to be\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17504900\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams, billed as \\\"Return for Revenge\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on July 30, 2004. Although former heavyweight champion Tyson entered the fray as a 9-to-1 favorite with oddsmakers, the fight was won by Williams by knock out at 2:51 of the 4th round. The 2004 Williams fight would prove to be Tyson's penultimate appearance in the ring. Following a lopsided, knock-out loss to Lennox Lewis on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson decided to make another attempt at a comeback. Tyson returned to boxing on February 22, 2003, to face\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17519811\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris was a professional boxing match contested on October 23, 1999. After a year-and-a-half long layoff, Mike Tyson made his long-anticipated return to boxing on January 16, 1999 against Francois Botha. Though Tyson appeared sluggish throughout the bout and trailed on all scorecards going into the fifth round, he was able to land a powerful right hand in the round that dropped Botha to the canvas. Botha attempted to get back up, but was unable to do so and Tyson escaped with the knockout victory. However, shortly after his victory over\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17502123\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas\",\n \"text\": \"title, \\\"Rocky Lives!\\\" after the popular film series about a similarly underestimated boxing hero. For Tyson, though he retained a menacing aura for years afterwards, \\\"the mystique of the untouchable, invincible 'Baddest Man on the Planet' had been shattered.\\\" The fight is often ranked among the biggest upsets in sports history. The fight appeared in the \\\"Mike Tyson Mysteries\\\" episode \\\"Help a Brother Out.\\\" The fight is referenced in The Killers song \\\"Tyson vs. Douglas\\\", which also features audio of the commentators for the fight. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas, billed as \\\"Tyson Is Back!\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14852386\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"Lewis–Tyson: Is On\\\", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and WBC heavyweight champion Mike Tyson. Prior to the event, Lewis was awarded the \\\"Ring\\\" magazine heavyweight title, which had been vacant since the late 1980s and was last held by Tyson. The fight was for Lewis' heavyweight championship titles. Lewis defeated Tyson by knockout in the eighth round. The fight\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884564\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr.\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr., billed as \\\"Presumption of Innocence\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 16, 1995. Mike Tyson had returned to boxing after a three-year prison stint with an 89-second victory over Peter McNeeley. After his victory, Tyson's rank as the number one ranked heavyweight was restored by the three major boxing organizations (the WBA, WBC and International Boxing Federation). Before he would fight for one of the three World Heavyweight titles, he would first partake in second comeback fight. Only days after his victory over McNeeley, it was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17284632\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr.\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr. Mike Tyson vs. Buster Mathis Jr., billed as \\\"Presumption of Innocence\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 16, 1995. Mike Tyson had returned to boxing after a three-year prison stint with an 89-second victory over Peter McNeeley. After his victory, Tyson's rank as the number one ranked heavyweight was restored by the three major boxing organizations (the WBA, WBC and International Boxing Federation). Before he would fight for one of the three World Heavyweight titles, he would first partake in second comeback fight. Only days after his victory over McNeeley, it was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17284627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen\",\n \"text\": \"in the eighth round. Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen was a professional boxing match contested on October 13, 2001. Since returning to boxing in January 1999, former Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson was undefeated in the five fights he had fought between 1999 and 2000, notching three knockout wins over Francois Botha, Julius Francis and Lou Savarese, and fighting two no-contests with Orlin Norris and Andrew Golota. Tyson's previous fight had come against Golota almost a year earlier on October 20, 2000. Tyson dominated Golota for two rounds before Golota decided to quit between the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17506556\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen Mike Tyson vs. Brian Nielsen was a professional boxing match contested on October 13, 2001. Since returning to boxing in January 1999, former Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Mike Tyson was undefeated in the five fights he had fought between 1999 and 2000, notching three knockout wins over Francois Botha, Julius Francis and Lou Savarese, and fighting two no-contests with Orlin Norris and Andrew Golota. Tyson's previous fight had come against Golota almost a year earlier on October 20, 2000. Tyson dominated Golota for two rounds before Golota decided to quit between the second and third rounds.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17506548\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese, billed as \\\"Tyson's Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 24, 2000. Mike Tyson was three fights into his latest comeback, which started on January 16, 1999 with a fifth-round knockout victory over former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha. After a nine-month layoff due in large part to a four-month prison stint, Tyson met former WBA Cruiserweight champion Orlin Norris, but the bout ended in a no-contest after Tyson injured Norris with a punch that landed after the bell. Three months later, Tyson had his first ever fight\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17487625\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Evander Holyfield vs. Mike Tyson II\",\n \"text\": \"his championship and the incident with Tyson, Holyfield said he already forgave Tyson for biting him since he has 100% faith in God and Jesus. Nonetheless, Tyson was sentenced with a permanent suspension from boxing and his license cancelled indefinitely. Tyson was also fined $3,000,000 and had to serve a period of community service. After a year and an appeal in court, Tyson's license was reinstated. When Tyson and Holyfield retired from boxing they befriended each other and are now close friends today. The fight generated a total revenue of $180,000,000 ($), from live gate, pay-per-view, closed-circuit telecasts, foreign television\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15333162\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris\",\n \"text\": \"agreed to face British journeyman Julius Francis in Manchester in January 2000. Norris then filed a $2 million lawsuit against Tyson, claiming that Tyson had broken an agreement that the two had made for the rematch in which Norris was reportedly promised a $2 million payday. However, Norris' request was denied by a Manhattan judge who stated that he did not think Norris argument would prevail in court. Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris Mike Tyson vs. Orlin Norris was a professional boxing match contested on October 23, 1999. After a year-and-a-half long layoff, Mike Tyson made his long-anticipated return to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17502130\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese\",\n \"text\": \"it was the second quickest fight of his career, behind only his 30-second victory over Marvis Frazier in 1986. Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese Mike Tyson vs. Lou Savarese, billed as \\\"Tyson's Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 24, 2000. Mike Tyson was three fights into his latest comeback, which started on January 16, 1999 with a fifth-round knockout victory over former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha. After a nine-month layoff due in large part to a four-month prison stint, Tyson met former WBA Cruiserweight champion Orlin Norris, but the bout ended in a no-contest after Tyson\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17487628\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno\",\n \"text\": \"WBC heavyweight championship. In the rematch Tyson would again dominate Bruno, knocking him out in the third round to become the WBC heavyweight champion. Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno was a professional boxing match contested on February 25, 1989 for the WBA, WBC, IBF and lineal heavyweight championships. Tyson was coming off a 1st-round knockout over the previously undefeated Michael Spinks, which not only gave Tyson the lineal heavyweight title, but laid to rest any doubt over who was the rightful heavyweight champion. Next for Tyson was a bout against popular British fighter Frank Bruno\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17274220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno Mike Tyson vs. Frank Bruno was a professional boxing match contested on February 25, 1989 for the WBA, WBC, IBF and lineal heavyweight championships. Tyson was coming off a 1st-round knockout over the previously undefeated Michael Spinks, which not only gave Tyson the lineal heavyweight title, but laid to rest any doubt over who was the rightful heavyweight champion. Next for Tyson was a bout against popular British fighter Frank Bruno that was originally set for October 8, 1988 at Wembley Stadium in Bruno's native England. However, on August 23, 1988, Tyson was involved in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17274213\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Tyson. Kirkpatrick frequented pool halls, gambled and hung out on the streets. \\\"My father was just a regular street guy caught up in the street world,\\\" Tyson said. Kirkpatrick abandoned the Tyson family around the time Mike was born, leaving Tyson's mother to care for the children on her own. Kirkpatrick died in 1992. The family lived in Bedford-Stuyvesant until their financial burdens necessitated a move to Brownsville when Tyson was 10 years old. Tyson's mother died six years later, leaving 16-year-old Tyson in the care of boxing manager and trainer Cus D'Amato, who would become his legal guardian. Tyson\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506707\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas\",\n \"text\": \"a unification match with Tony Tucker, who was able to capture the IBF Heavyweight Championship by defeating Buster Douglas by 10th round technical knockout prior to the Tyson–Thomas fight. The two men went the full 12 rounds, with Tyson ultimately picking up the victory by unanimous decision to become the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas, billed as \\\"Hard Road to Glory\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 30, 1987, for the WBA and WBC heavyweight championships. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17305039\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Trevor Berbick disappear. Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"Judgment Day\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 22, 1986 for the WBC Heavyweight Championship. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the World Boxing Council, the World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation teamed with HBO to create a heavyweight championship tournament in an effort to crown the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. All three of the organizations' heavyweight champions, as well as several of the sport's top contenders, were entered into the tournament. In the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17251644\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson Trevor Berbick vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"Judgment Day\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on November 22, 1986 for the WBC Heavyweight Championship. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the World Boxing Council, the World Boxing Association and the International Boxing Federation teamed with HBO to create a heavyweight championship tournament in an effort to crown the first Undisputed Heavyweight Champion since Leon Spinks in 1978. All three of the organizations' heavyweight champions, as well as several of the sport's top contenders, were entered into the tournament. In the first leg of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17251638\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman\",\n \"text\": \"Tyson trapped Tillman in the corner. Tillman attempted to throw a jab, but Tyson countered with a strong right hand that dropped Tillman to the mat. Tillman remained on his back as the referee counted him out and Tyson was named the winner by way of knockout at 2:47 of the first round. Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman, billed as \\\"The Road Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 16, 1990. In his previous fight, Mike Tyson had lost his Undisputed Heavyweight title after being knocked out in the tenth round by 42–1\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17482875\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart Mike Tyson vs. Alex Stewart, billed as \\\"The Hard Way Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on December 8, 1990. On February 11, 1990, Mike Tyson endured an upset loss to James \\\"Buster\\\" Douglas that cost him the undisputed Heavyweight Championship. Though he had hoped for a rematch, Douglas instead opted to face the number one contender, Evander Holyfield. As such, Tyson was forced to go down the comeback trail. His first opponent was 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist Henry Tillman, who had twice defeated Tyson as an amateur. Tyson easily defeated Tillman, knocking him\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17276719\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. James Smith\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. James Smith Mike Tyson vs. James Smith, billed as \\\"Super Fight\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 7, 1987 for the WBA and WBC Heavyweight championships, as part of the heavyweight unification series. Mike Tyson was coming off a dominating victory over Trevor Berbick in which he captured the WBC Heavyweight championship after knocking out Berbick in the second round. Tyson's next opponent would be the WBA Heavyweight champion James \\\"Bonecrusher\\\" Smith, who had knocked out Tim Witherspoon in the first round to capture the title four months earlier. The stakes for the fight were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17261284\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis was a professional boxing match contested on 29 January 2000. Tyson's previous fight had come against Orlin Norris three months prior. The fight was another controversial one for Tyson, who hit Norris with left hand after the first bell had rang that dropped him to the canvas. Norris fell awkwardly and injured his right knee in the process and decided that he could not continue on with the fight, which was then declared a no-contest after only one round. Originally, Tyson stated that he would be in favor of a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17499545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green\",\n \"text\": \"across his nose that required five stitches. Tyson, however, would not walk away unscathed, as his right hand was fractured during the melee, causing his scheduled October fight against Frank Bruno to be pushed back. Tyson would later recount the incident in his book and in 2013 on his one-man Broadway show, The Undisputed Truth. Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green, billed as \\\"New York Is Busting Out\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 20, 1986. Mike Tyson was 19 years old and undefeated when he met former heavyweight contender James \\\"Quick\\\" Tillis in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17535457\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green, billed as \\\"New York Is Busting Out\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 20, 1986. Mike Tyson was 19 years old and undefeated when he met former heavyweight contender James \\\"Quick\\\" Tillis in his 20th professional bout. Tyson had won all his 19 previous fights by way of knockout, while Tillis had lost four of his previous five fights and came into the fight as a huge underdog. Tillis, however, put on a good effort and was able to take Tyson the full 10 rounds, the first time\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17535453\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas Mike Tyson vs. Buster Douglas, billed as \\\"Tyson Is Back!\\\", was a professional boxing match that occurred at the Tokyo Dome on February 11, 1990. The event is historically significant, as the then-undefeated, undisputed heavyweight champion Tyson lost by knockout to the 42–1 underdog Douglas. The fight is widely considered one of the biggest upsets in sports history. Going into the fight, Mike Tyson was the undefeated and undisputed heavyweight champion of the world. He held the WBC, WBA, and IBF titles. Despite the several controversies that marked Tyson's profile at the time, such as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14852372\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams\",\n \"text\": \"the desire to fight and announced his retirement from boxing. Willams, meanwhile, was able to extend his victory over Tyson into a world title fight with WBC heavyweight champion Vitali Klitschko. Williams met Klitschko on December 11, 2004. Williams was dominated for the entire fight. Klitschko knocked down Williams four times through eight rounds, before the referee waved off the fight following the fourth and final knock-down at 1:26 of the eighth round. Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams Mike Tyson vs. Danny Williams, billed as \\\"Return for Revenge\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on July 30, 2004. Although former\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17519818\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne Mike Tyson vs. Clifford Etienne, billed as \\\"Back to Business\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on February 22, 2003. In his previous fight on June 8, 2002, Mike Tyson had met WBC and IBF heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis. In what would prove to be the final title match of Tyson's career, he was thoroughly outboxed by Lewis, who from the second round on, won every round on the judge's scorecards before knocking out Tyson in the eighth. Though Tyson's plans were not immediately known after his defeat, he announced in November that he would\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17504893\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman Mike Tyson vs. Henry Tillman, billed as \\\"The Road Back\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 16, 1990. In his previous fight, Mike Tyson had lost his Undisputed Heavyweight title after being knocked out in the tenth round by 42–1 underdog James \\\"Buster\\\" Douglas in one of the biggest upsets in sports history. After a failed protest, Tyson's promoter Don King attempted to quickly gain a rematch with Douglas, but Douglas turned down King's offer and instead chose to face the number one contender Evander Holyfield. Left with little choice, Tyson was forced\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17482872\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock, billed as \\\"The Fight of the Year\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 18, 1991. After losing the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship to James \\\"Buster\\\" Douglas on February 11, 1990, Mike Tyson embarked on a comeback hopes of regaining his title. First, he knocked out 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist and former amateur opponent, Henry Tillman in the first round. Then, he met up-and-coming prospect Alex Stewart, whose 26 victories had all come by way of knockout. Despite Stewart's impressive resume, Tyson picked up another easy victory by way of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17280666\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker, billed as \\\"The Ultimate\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on August 1, 1987 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight championships. HBO had organized the heavyweight unification series, a tournament intended to find the next Undisputed Champion. Mike Tyson was able to defeat Trevor Berbick and James Smith to capture the WBC and WBA Heavyweight titles during the series. Meanwhile, Tucker was scheduled to challenge Michael Spinks for the IBF title with the winner to meet Tyson for right to become the Undisputed Champion. Spinks, however, withdrew from his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17263273\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier was a professional boxing match contested on July 26, 1986. The fight is notable for being the quickest knockout victory of Tyson's professional career, lasting only 30 seconds. The undefeated Mike Tyson had built his record up to 24–0, including 9 wins in 1986 alone. With Tyson now ranked at number two on the WBC heavyweight rankings, his next opponent became Marvis Frazer, son of former heavyweight champion Joe Frazier. Frazier had been an up-and-coming prospect, but in his first high-profile fight, had been knocked out in the first round\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17542995\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier\",\n \"text\": \"before unleashing two consecutive uppercuts, the second of which knocked Frazier unconscious. Tyson then landed several more blows before Frazier fell to the canvas, slumped against the ropes. Referee Joe Cortez began to count to ten, but as Frazier was clearly unresponsive, stopped the count at five and ended the fight. The fight would last only 30 seconds, becoming the quickest victory of Tyson's professional career. Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier Mike Tyson vs. Marvis Frazier was a professional boxing match contested on July 26, 1986. The fight is notable for being the quickest knockout victory of Tyson's professional career,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17542997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams Mike Tyson vs. Carl Williams was a professional boxing match contested on July 21, 1989, for WBA, WBC, IBF and \\\"Lineal\\\" Heavyweight championships. After Tyson's dominating victory over Frank Bruno five months prior, negotiations for a potential bout with Carl Williams began, and on June 15, 1989, the fight was made official. Four years earlier, Williams had challenged then-IBF Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes for the title, only to narrowly lose by unanimous decision. Prior to his fight with Tyson, Williams had won his previous five fights, including a victory over former champion Trevor Berbick which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17271372\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II, billed as \\\"The Rematch\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1991. Three months earlier, Tyson and Ruddock, who were boxing's number one and two ranked heavyweights respectively, had fought each other to determine who would next face the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion Evander Holyfield. Mike Tyson was awarded the victory via a controversial 7th-round technical knockout. After Tyson hit Ruddock with a six-punch combination, referee Richard Steele stepped in and stopped the fight despite the fact the Ruddock had not been knocked down and appeared to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17285354\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs was a professional boxing match contested on March 21, 1988 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. Tyson was only two months removed from an impressive victory over ex-Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. Shortly after his victory, Tyson's promoter Don King was able to work out a blockbuster deal with Michael Spinks and Spinks' promoter Butch Lewis that would see Spinks finally meet Tyson for the Undisputed Championship. Before that fight would happen, however, Tyson would first have to defend his titles against former WBA Heavyweight champion Tony Tubbs in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17267891\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tubbs was a professional boxing match contested on March 21, 1988 for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. Tyson was only two months removed from an impressive victory over ex-Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. Shortly after his victory, Tyson's promoter Don King was able to work out a blockbuster deal with Michael Spinks and Spinks' promoter Butch Lewis that would see Spinks finally meet Tyson for the Undisputed Championship. Before that fight would happen, however, Tyson would first have to defend his titles against former WBA Heavyweight champion Tony Tubbs in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17267885\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride\",\n \"text\": \"slip rather than a knockdown. Tyson would have won the round, but the two-point deduction gave McBride a 9–8 win on the scorecards. Though Tyson still led on two of the judge's scorecards, Tyson shockingly quit on his stool before the seventh round began, automatically giving McBride the victory by technical knockout. Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride was a professional boxing match contested on June 11, 2005. Although the former heavyweight champion appeared to be ahead on points on the judges' scorecards through six rounds, he failed to answer the bell for the 7th round\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17528057\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas Mike Tyson vs. Pinklon Thomas, billed as \\\"Hard Road to Glory\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on May 30, 1987, for the WBA and WBC heavyweight championships. In 1986, the three major boxing organizations, the WBA, WBC and IBF, teamed with HBO to develop the heavyweight unification series, a tournament that would ultimately unify all three Heavyweight titles and determine the next Undisputed Champion. The first fight in the series pitted WBC Heavyweight champion Pinklon Thomas against Trevor Berbick on March 22, 1986. Berbick captured the WBC Heavyweight title after defeating Thomas by unanimous\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17305034\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride Mike Tyson vs. Kevin McBride was a professional boxing match contested on June 11, 2005. Although the former heavyweight champion appeared to be ahead on points on the judges' scorecards through six rounds, he failed to answer the bell for the 7th round and was ruled defeated by technical knockout. The fight would prove to be the final one of Tyson's professional career. After being knocked out in the fourth round of his previous fight against Danny Williams, Mike Tyson took a lengthy hiatus as he contemplated whether or not he would continue to fight.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17528053\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes Mike Tyson vs. Larry Holmes, billed as \\\"Heavyweight History\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on January 22, 1988, for the WBA, WBC and IBF Heavyweight Championships. After winning all four of his championship bouts in 1987, Tyson's promoter Don King organized a \\\"dream match\\\" with former WBC and IBF Heavyweight champion Larry Holmes. The 38-year-old Holmes had been out of boxing for nearly two years, having retired after two consecutive losses to Michael Spinks. Holmes had difficulty working out a deal with King. However, with an estimated $3 million being offered to him, as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17265867\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota, billed as \\\"Showdown in Motown\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 20, 2000. After serving a 15-month ban because of his actions during his 1997 match with Evander Holyfield, Tyson returned in January 1999 with a fifth round knockout win over heavyweight contender, Francois Botha. After Botha, Tyson had little trouble with his next three opponents. He fought a no-contest with Orlin Norris. Norris was injured and could not continue after the first round. A second round knockout against journeyman fighter, Julius Francis followed by a 34-second knockout\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17311333\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota Mike Tyson vs. Andrew Golota, billed as \\\"Showdown in Motown\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on October 20, 2000. After serving a 15-month ban because of his actions during his 1997 match with Evander Holyfield, Tyson returned in January 1999 with a fifth round knockout win over heavyweight contender, Francois Botha. After Botha, Tyson had little trouble with his next three opponents. He fought a no-contest with Orlin Norris. Norris was injured and could not continue after the first round. A second round knockout against journeyman fighter, Julius Francis followed by a 34-second knockout\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17311327\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis\",\n \"text\": \"ended the fight after another right uppercut sent Francis down. Following the fifth knockdown, referee Roy Francis immediately stopped the fight and Tyson was awarded the knockout victory at 58 second of the second round. Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis Mike Tyson vs. Julius Francis was a professional boxing match contested on 29 January 2000. Tyson's previous fight had come against Orlin Norris three months prior. The fight was another controversial one for Tyson, who hit Norris with left hand after the first bell had rang that dropped him to the canvas. Norris fell awkwardly and injured his right knee\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17499551\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II\",\n \"text\": \"Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II Frank Bruno vs. Mike Tyson II, billed as \\\"The Championship: Part I\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on March 16, 1996 for the WBC Heavyweight championship. Frank Bruno, at that time, had been a professional boxer for over thirteen years. He was a former European heavyweight champion and had received several shots at the world heavyweight title over the course of his career. The first came in 1986, when he was knocked out by Tim Witherspoon in a bout for his WBA title. He fought Mike Tyson in 1989 for his undisputed world\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17257678\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"made no real effort to get back up and continue fighting. Lennox Lewis is declared the winner by KO. A month later, Lewis vacated the IBF title deciding not to fight Chris Byrd, who was the mandatory challenger. The fight was named Ring Magazine Knockout of the Year for 2002. Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson Lennox Lewis vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"Lewis–Tyson: Is On\\\", was a professional boxing match that took place on June 8, 2002 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee, United States, between IBF, IBO and WBC heavyweight champion Lennox Lewis and former IBF, WBA and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11884576\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock\",\n \"text\": \"his feet and was seemingly healthy enough to continue the fight, Steele stepped between the two fighters and stopped the fight, awarding Tyson the victory by technical knockout. The decision enraged Ruddock's corner with Ruddock's brother and manager, Delroy storming the ring to confront Steele. Tyson's trainer Richie Giachetti attempted to restrain Delroy but a melee ensued that also involved Ruddock's promoter Murad Muhammad. Mirage security had to break up the scuffle and escort Steele to safety. Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock, billed as \\\"The Fight of the Year\\\", was a professional boxing match contested\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17280670\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"later, Mr. Tyson bit Evander Holyfield's ear in a heavyweight champion bout — hardly a proud moment for the sport.\\\" In Ring Magazine's list of the 80 Best Fighters of the Last 80 Years, released in 2002, Tyson was ranked at No. 72. He is ranked No. 16 on \\\"Ring Magazine\\\"s 2003 list of 100 greatest punchers of all time. On June 12, 2011, Tyson was inducted to the International Boxing Hall of Fame alongside legendary Mexican champion Julio César Chávez, light welterweight champion Kostya Tszyu, and actor/screenwriter Sylvester Stallone. In an interview with \\\"USA Today\\\" published on June 3,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506753\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs\",\n \"text\": \"Mike Tyson not being selected among the American Boxing Olympic Team). Only two months prior to his match with Biggs, Tyson had defeated Tony Tucker by unanimous decision to unify all three major heavyweight championships and become the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion. Though many had hoped this would lead to a match with \\\"Lineal\\\" Heavyweight champion Michael Spinks, Spinks remained reluctant to face Tyson. As such, Tyson instead chose to face one of his mandatory challengers, 1984 Olympic Gold Medalist Tyrell Biggs, who was undefeated since turning pro. Prior to their fight, Biggs bashed Tyson in the press, boldly stating among\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17259397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"1 that documented his personal and private life entitled \\\"Being Mike Tyson\\\". In November 2013, Tyson released his book \\\"Undisputed Truth\\\", which also made it on The New York Times Best Seller list. An animated series named \\\"Mike Tyson Mysteries\\\", featuring Tyson solving mysteries in the style of Scooby-Doo, premiered on Adult Swim in late October 2014. In early March 2015, Tyson appeared on the track \\\"Iconic\\\" on Madonna's album \\\"Rebel Heart\\\". Tyson says some lines at the beginning of the song. In late March 2015, \\\"Ip Man 3\\\" was announced. With Donnie Yen reprising his role as the titular\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506760\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II\",\n \"text\": \"Greg Page and Phil Jackson. This would set up a match with Lennox Lewis for the right to face the winner of the Evander Holyfield–Riddick Bowe fight for the Undisputed Heavyweight Championship. Ruddock would end up being knocked out by Lewis in the 2nd round, costing him a chance at the title and effectively ending his status as one of boxing's premier heavyweights. Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II Mike Tyson vs. Donovan Ruddock II, billed as \\\"The Rematch\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on June 28, 1991. Three months earlier, Tyson and Ruddock, who were boxing's number one\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17285362\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson in popular culture\",\n \"text\": \"the duo had their way until Tyson revealed a DX T-shirt he was wearing underneath a black shirt he was wearing and knocked out Jericho, which allowed Shawn Michaels to pin Jericho, giving DX the win. On April 2, 2012 Tyson was inducted into the celebrity wing of the WWE Hall of Fame at the American Airlines Arena in Miami. He was inducted by D-Generation X members Shawn Michaels and Triple H. In 2016, Tyson starred in the documentary film Nine Legends where he discussed his time involved in the WWE. Mike Tyson in popular culture Mike Tyson is an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10038471\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"going to feel better about myself. I'm not going to be depressed\\\", explained Tyson about the reasons for his \\\"comeback\\\". A 1998 ranking of \\\"The Greatest Heavyweights of All-Time\\\" by \\\"Ring\\\" magazine placed Tyson at No.14 on the list. Despite criticism of facing underwhelming competition during his run as champion, Tyson's knockout power and intimidation factor made him the sport's most dynamic box office attraction. According to Douglas Quenqua of \\\"The New York Times\\\", \\\"The [1990s] began with Mike Tyson, considered by many to be the last great heavyweight champion, losing his title to the little-known Buster Douglas. Seven years\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506752\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Tyson\\\", he stated that he fought McBride for a payday, that he did not anticipate winning, that he was in poor physical condition and fed up with taking boxing seriously. After losing three of his last four fights, Tyson said he would quit boxing because he felt he had lost his passion for the sport. When Tyson fired everyone working for him and got new accountants in 2000, they prepared a statement showing he started the year $3.3 million in the hole but made $65.7 million. \\\"The problem was that I spent $62 million that year,' Tyson said, \\\"I just\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506749\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker\",\n \"text\": \"racking up 14 consecutive victories, landing him another shot at the WBC Heavyweight championship against Lennox Lewis, though he would ultimately lose via unanimous decision. Tucker later stated that he broke his right hand early in the fight, after damaging it in pre-fight sparring. Tucker stated: \\\"I hit him with a right uppercut early and my hand just shattered. It was the worst pain ever. I still went on though, that’s why I did all those antics and everything.\\\" Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker Mike Tyson vs. Tony Tucker, billed as \\\"The Ultimate\\\", was a professional boxing match contested on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17263278\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Tyrell Biggs\",\n \"text\": \"other things \\\"He`s never fought anyone like me. I don't know this Tyson the way you guys talk about him. I know Tyson from way back when.\\\" Biggs would also promise to use his mobility and superior overall boxing ability against the stronger Tyson stating \\\"He's strong, but his strength will not hurt me. Every fighter I fight is stronger than me, but as the fight goes on, as I use my mobility and boxing ability, strength is no longer a factor. What will he do then?\\\" Through the first two rounds, Biggs attempted to ward off Tyson's attack by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17259398\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Guild of America (DGA) award as Best Documentary Director of 1993. Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson is a 1993 film made by acclaimed American documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple. Though Tyson was in jail serving a sentence for rape, Kopple used existing interviews with the boxer, as well as her own extensive interviews with those closest to Tyson, to explore the man's history. The film traces Tyson's story from his troubled and tumultuous upbringing, through his rapid ascendancy in the ranks of the boxing world and his subsequent struggle with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11202254\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson Fallen Champ: The Untold Story of Mike Tyson is a 1993 film made by acclaimed American documentary filmmaker Barbara Kopple. Though Tyson was in jail serving a sentence for rape, Kopple used existing interviews with the boxer, as well as her own extensive interviews with those closest to Tyson, to explore the man's history. The film traces Tyson's story from his troubled and tumultuous upbringing, through his rapid ascendancy in the ranks of the boxing world and his subsequent struggle with the trappings of fame. \\\"Fallen Champ\\\" earned Barbara Kopple a Directors\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11202253\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha\",\n \"text\": \"of 4–1 on October 18, 1998. After much speculation over who Tyson would face in his return bout, it was officially announced that Tyson would face former IBF Heavyweight champion Francois Botha on January 16, 1999. Despite his long layoff, Tyson was forthright about his chances of collecting a victory over Botha by way of knockout. On one occasion, Tyson stated \\\"I am going right at him and I expect him to go down cold. I expect him to die.\\\" The comment would cause some controversy, with some in the boxing world claiming that Tyson had gone too far. Botha\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17306524\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"final heavyweight championship victory. Rapper Tupac Shakur was attending the fight that night, and was fatally shot after the fight in a drive-by shooting. He died six days later on September 13, 1996 at 4:03 pm from ballistic trauma. Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"The Championship: Part II\\\" was a professional boxing match fought on September 7, 1996 for the WBA Heavyweight championship. The fight was part of a pay-per-view event produced by Don King Productions and carried on pay-per-view by Showtime. The fight is notable in the fact that in attendance was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17253870\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"to grant Tyson a license for the fight, and the promoters had to make alternative arrangements. After multiple states balked at granting Tyson a license, the fight eventually occurred on June 8 at the Pyramid Arena in Memphis, Tennessee. Lewis dominated the fight and knocked out Tyson with a right hand in the eighth round. Tyson was respectful after the fight and praised Lewis on his victory. This fight was the highest-grossing event in pay-per-view history at that time, generating $106.9 million from 1.95 million buys in the USA. In another Memphis fight on February 22, 2003, Tyson beat fringe\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506745\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson Bruce Seldon vs. Mike Tyson, billed as \\\"The Championship: Part II\\\" was a professional boxing match fought on September 7, 1996 for the WBA Heavyweight championship. The fight was part of a pay-per-view event produced by Don King Productions and carried on pay-per-view by Showtime. The fight is notable in the fact that in attendance was rapper Tupac Shakur, who would be fatally shot just hours after the fight, following an altercation with Crip Orlando \\\"Baby Lane\\\" Anderson at the casino. Shakur died six days later on September 13 from ballistic trauma. After George Foreman\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17253864\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"on \\\"The Ring\\\"s list of 100 greatest punchers of all time, and No. 1 in the ESPN.com list of \\\"The Hardest Hitters in Heavyweight History.\\\" Sky Sports described him as \\\"perhaps the most ferocious fighter to step into a professional ring.\\\" He has been inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame and the World Boxing Hall of Fame. Michael Gerard Tyson was born in Brownsville, Brooklyn, New York on June 30, 1966. He has an elder brother named Rodney (born c. 1961) and had an elder sister named Denise, who died of a heart attack at age 24 in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506705\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"broadcast. Tyson won easily, charging at Frazier at the opening bell and hitting him with an uppercut that knocked Frazier unconscious thirty seconds into the fight. On November 22, 1986, Tyson was given his first title fight against Trevor Berbick for the World Boxing Council (WBC) heavyweight championship. Tyson won the title by TKO in the second round, and at the age of 20 years and 4 months became the youngest heavyweight champion in history. Tyson's dominant performance brought many accolades. Donald Saunders wrote: \\\"The noble and manly art of boxing can at least cease worrying about its immediate future,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506714\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"2011, Tyson gave an interview in which he made comments about former Alaska governor Sarah Palin that included crude and violent descriptions of interracial sex. These comments were then reprinted on the Daily Caller website. Journalist Greta van Susteren criticized Tyson and the Daily Caller over the comments, which she described as \\\"smut\\\" and \\\"violence against women\\\". After debuting a one-man show in Las Vegas, Tyson teamed up with director Spike Lee and brought the show to Broadway in August 2012. In February 2013, Tyson took his one-man show \\\"Mike Tyson: Undisputed Truth\\\" on a 36-city, three-month national tour. Tyson\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506758\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"to his rape conviction. Tyson is played by Michael Jai White. Published in 2007, author Joe Layden's book \\\"The Last Great Fight: The Extraordinary Tale of Two Men and How One Fight Changed Their Lives Forever\\\", chronicled the lives of Tyson and Douglas before and after their heavyweight championship fight. In 2008, the documentary \\\"Tyson\\\" premiered at the annual Cannes Film Festival in France. He is the titular character in \\\"Mike Tyson Mysteries\\\", which started airing on October 27, 2014 on Adult Swim. In the show, Tyson voices a fictionalized version of himself. In 2016, Tyson starred in the documentary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506770\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"the planet\\\" and arguably the most feared boxer in professional boxing at that time, has been described as one of the most shocking upsets in modern sports history. After the loss, Tyson recovered with a first round knockouts of Henry Tillman and Alex Stewart in his next two fights. Tyson's victory over Tillman, the 1984 Olympic heavyweight gold medalist, enabled Tyson to avenge his amateur losses at Tillman's hands. These bouts set up an elimination match for another shot at the undisputed world heavyweight championship, which Evander Holyfield had taken from Douglas in his first defense of the title. Tyson,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506725\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"it. After being stripped of the WBC title in the same year, Tyson lost the WBA title to Evander Holyfield by an eleventh round stoppage. Their 1997 rematch ended when Tyson was disqualified for biting Holyfield's ears. In 2002, Tyson fought for the world heavyweight title again at the age of 35, losing by knockout to Lennox Lewis. Tyson retired from professional boxing in 2006, after being knocked out in consecutive matches against Danny Williams and Kevin McBride. Tyson declared bankruptcy in 2003, despite having received over $30 million for several of his fights and $300 million during his career.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506703\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson Mysteries\",\n \"text\": \"has received mostly positive reviews from critics. The show currently holds an 82% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 11 reviews, with its consensus being: \\\"A dizzying whirl of lowbrow and high-concept, \\\"Mike Tyson Mysteries\\\" should more than satisfy fans of Adult Swim's signature blend of animated silliness.\\\" Metacritic gives the show a score of 75/100 based on six reviews, indicating \\\"generally favorable\\\" reviews. Mike Tyson Mysteries Mike Tyson Mysteries is an American adult animated television series, and the first to be produced by Warner Bros. Animation for Adult Swim. It premiered October 27, 2014. The series features Mike Tyson\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18185242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"character, Bruce Lee's martial arts master, Ip Man, while Mike Tyson has been confirmed to join the cast. Principal photography began on March 25, 2015, and was premiered in Hong Kong on December 16, 2015. In January 2017, Tyson launched his YouTube channel with Shots Studios, a comedy video and comedy music production company with young digital stars like Lele Pons and Rudy Mancuso. Tyson's channel includes parody music videos and comedy sketches. In May 2017, Tyson published his second book, \\\"Iron Ambition\\\", which details his time with trainer and surrogate father Cus D'Amato. In October 2017, Tyson was announced\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506761\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"his time tending to his 350 pigeons in Paradise Valley, an upscale enclave near Phoenix, Arizona. Tyson has stayed in the limelight by promoting various websites and companies. In the past Tyson had shunned endorsements, accusing other athletes of putting on a false front to obtain them. Tyson has held entertainment boxing shows at a casino in Las Vegas and started a tour of exhibition bouts to pay off his numerous debts. On December 29, 2006, Tyson was arrested in Scottsdale, Arizona, on suspicion of DUI and felony drug possession; he nearly crashed into a police SUV shortly after leaving\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506755\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"round, Tyson was unexpectedly knocked out. After the fight, it was revealed that Tyson was trying to fight on one leg, having torn a ligament in his other knee in the first round. This was Tyson's fifth career defeat. He underwent surgery for the ligament four days after the fight. His manager, Shelly Finkel, claimed that Tyson was unable to throw meaningful right-hand punches since he had a knee injury. On June 11, 2005, Tyson stunned the boxing world by quitting before the start of the seventh round in a close bout against journeyman Kevin McBride. In the 2008 documentary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506748\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"port of the \\\"Punch Out!!\\\" arcade game. In 1987, Nintendo released \\\"Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!\\\", which was well received and sold more than a million copies. Tyson had three fights in 1988. He faced Larry Holmes on January 22, 1988, and defeated the legendary former champion by KO in the fourth round. This was the only knockout loss Holmes suffered in 75 professional bouts. In March, Tyson then fought contender Tony Tubbs in Tokyo, Japan, fitting in an easy second round TKO victory amid promotional and marketing work. On June 27, 1988, Tyson faced Michael Spinks. Spinks, who had taken the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506718\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson\",\n \"text\": \"At the time the media reported that he had approximately $23 million of debt. Tyson was well known for his ferocious and intimidating boxing style as well as his controversial behavior inside and outside the ring. Nicknamed \\\"Iron\\\" and \\\"Kid Dynamite\\\" in his early career, and later known as \\\"The Baddest Man on the Planet,\\\" Tyson is considered one of the best heavyweights of all time. Tyson holds the third longest unified championship reign in heavyweight history at eight consecutive defenses. He currently ranks #15 in BoxRec's ranking of the greatest heavyweight boxers in history. He was ranked No. 16\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506704\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Boxing in the 1980s\",\n \"text\": \"Boxing in the 1980s Boxing in the 1980s was filled with important fights, events and personalities that shaped the sport. Boxing in the 1980s was shaped by many different situations, such as the continuous corporate battles between the different world sanctioning organizations, the void left by Muhammad Ali as the sport's ambassador and consequent search for a new boxing hero, the continuous presence of Don King as the sport's most famous promoter, the surge of rival promoters as Bob Arum, Butch Lewis and Murad Muhammad, and major rule changes. In 1986, Mike Tyson emerged as a fresh new face in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2256143\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Iron Mike Productions\",\n \"text\": \"and former heavyweight champion Mike Tyson partnered and formed Iron Mike Productions. This marked the hall-of-famer's return to boxing since his last appearance in the ring in 2005. The new promotion company's debut will take place on August 23, 2013 at the Turning Stone Resort Casino in Verona, New York, and will be broadcast live on ESPN2's \\\"Friday Night Fights\\\". Iron Mike Productions Iron Mike Productions (formerly Acquinity Sports) was a boxing promotion company, based in Deerfield Beach, Florida, United States. Acquinity Sports was founded in 2012 by Garry Jonas, CEO of Acquinity Interactive. Jonas partnered with former heavyweight champion\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17490952\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mike Tyson vs. Mitch Green\",\n \"text\": \"win a lopsided unanimous decision by two scores of 9–1 and one score of 8–2. Though the two fighters would never again face each other in a boxing ring, Tyson and Green were involved in a high-profile street fight two years later, by which time Tyson was the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion. On August 24, 1988, Green confronted Tyson at Dapper Dan's in Harlem, claiming that Tyson's promoter Don King owed him money. The argument then escalated into a physical confrontation during which Tyson landed a straight right hand across Green's face, completely shutting Green's left eye and opening a cut\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17535456\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["silver state","nevada, united states","sports in nevada","geography of nevada","us-nv","nevada's southern boundary 1861-1867","transportation in nevada","the sagebrush state","nv (state)","education in nevada","religion in nevada","nevadian","36th state","the battle born state","thirty-sixth state","nev.","demographics of nevada","navada","nevada annulment","nevada, usa","climate of nevada","economy of nevada","thirty-sixth state","state of nevada","politics of nevada","nevadan","silver state","nevada (u.s. state)","the silver state","tikaboo valley","nevada (state)","battle born state","transport in nevada","nevada"],"string":"[\n \"silver state\",\n \"nevada, united states\",\n \"sports in nevada\",\n \"geography of nevada\",\n \"us-nv\",\n \"nevada's southern boundary 1861-1867\",\n \"transportation in nevada\",\n \"the sagebrush state\",\n \"nv (state)\",\n \"education in nevada\",\n \"religion in nevada\",\n \"nevadian\",\n \"36th state\",\n \"the battle born state\",\n \"thirty-sixth state\",\n \"nev.\",\n \"demographics of nevada\",\n \"navada\",\n \"nevada annulment\",\n \"nevada, usa\",\n \"climate of nevada\",\n \"economy of nevada\",\n \"thirty-sixth state\",\n \"state of nevada\",\n \"politics of nevada\",\n \"nevadan\",\n \"silver state\",\n \"nevada (u.s. state)\",\n \"the silver state\",\n \"tikaboo valley\",\n \"nevada (state)\",\n \"battle born state\",\n \"transport in nevada\",\n \"nevada\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":90,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"neil armstrong was a pilot in which war?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who was the first person to walk on the Moon. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor. A graduate of Purdue University, Armstrong studied aeronautical engineering with his college tuition paid for by the U.S. Navy under the Holloway Plan. He became a midshipman in 1949, and a naval aviator the following year. He saw action in the Korean War, flying the Grumman F9F Panther from the aircraft carrier . In September 1951, he was hit by","psg_id":"290612"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who was the first person to walk on the Moon. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor. A graduate of Purdue University, Armstrong studied aeronautical engineering with his college tuition paid for by the U.S. Navy under the Holloway Plan. He became a midshipman in 1949, and a naval aviator the following year. He saw action in the Korean War, flying the Grumman F9F Panther from the aircraft carrier . In September 1951, he was hit by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290612\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"First Flights with Neil Armstrong","text":"First Flights with Neil Armstrong First Flights was a half-hour televised aviation history documentary series. The series premiered on September 25, 1991, on A&E Networks and ran for three seasons. It was hosted by former test pilot and astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first person to walk on the moon. The series initially aired Wednesdays at 9 p.m. on A&E in the U.S. The series focused on the technological history of aviation, from early balloons and gliders through war-time and mass commercial aviation, to experimental hypersonic flight at the edge of space. In the series, Neil Armstrong interviewed pilots and aerospace","psg_id":"19441068"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Neil, we have a simple request. Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.\" It prompted many responses, including the Twitter hashtag \"#WinkAtTheMoon\". Buzz Aldrin called Armstrong \"a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew\", and said he was disappointed that they would not be able to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing together in 2019. Michael Collins said, \"He was the best, and I will miss","psg_id":"290702"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Armstrong's hometown of Wapakoneta, and the airport in New Knoxville, Ohio where he took his first flying lessons at 15, are named after him. Purdue University announced in October 2004 that its new engineering building would be named Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering; the building was dedicated on October 27, 2007 during a ceremony at which Armstrong was joined by fourteen other Purdue astronauts. The NASA Dryden Flight Research Center was renamed the NASA Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center in 2014. In September 2012, the U.S. Navy announced that the first \"Armstrong\"-class vessel would be named . Delivered to","psg_id":"290708"},{"title":"First Flights with Neil Armstrong","text":"episodes were mixed. Jay Sharbutt, the senior television writer for The Associated Press, called the series \"disappointing\" because it did not give enough time to Armstrong. Reviews of subsequent episodes and the second season were positive. described the series as \"an exemplary history of aviation. ...The selection and use of the historical footage is ideal and edited with unusual skill.\" First Flights with Neil Armstrong First Flights was a half-hour televised aviation history documentary series. The series premiered on September 25, 1991, on A&E Networks and ran for three seasons. It was hosted by former test pilot and astronaut Neil","psg_id":"19441071"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong Observatory","text":"the study of physics, is named for Isaac Newton. The observatory is named Neil Armstrong in honor of the first man to touch the moon, in 1969. Neil Armstrong Observatory The Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed March 1, 2014, making Nicaragua the only country in Latin America with an astronomical observatory reserved for use by scholars. The observatory, which cost half a million U.S. dollars to build, is located at the Pierre and Marie Curie School in Managua. The building consists of two floors plus a dome of more than 4.5 square meters. The telescope's main lens is 11 inches","psg_id":"18770340"},{"title":"First Flights with Neil Armstrong","text":"engineers. Archival footage and vintage aircraft were used to recreate historic takeoffs. Episodes of \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\" are listed below in the original A&E Networks broadcast order. Season 1 traces the development of aviation technology from balloons to early post-WWII jet aircraft. Season 2 continues the story of atmospheric flight to the edge of space in the 1990s. Neil Armstrong had previously flown several aircraft featured in Season 2 during his long career as a NASA experimental test pilot in Edwards, CA. Season 3 focuses on the development of particular technologies within the broader field of aviation. The","psg_id":"19441069"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"future, destines our nation to become one of second or even third rate stature\". Armstrong also publicly recalled his initial concerns about the Apollo 11 mission, when he had believed there was only a 50% chance of landing on the Moon. \"I was elated, ecstatic and extremely surprised that we were successful\", he later said. On November 18, 2010, aged 80, Armstrong said in a speech during the \"Science & Technology Summit\" in The Hague, Netherlands, that he would offer his services as commander on a mission to Mars if he were asked. Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5,","psg_id":"290712"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)","text":"Blues and continues to serve in that capacity. Neil Armstrong (ice hockey) Neil Armstrong (born December 20, 1932) is a former professional ice hockey linesman, and is an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. Armstrong began playing minor hockey in Galt, Ontario, but he never did go beyond that. He was offered a chance to officiate a game in the same league. Armstrong accepted and later earned his Ontario Hockey Association certification. He officiated his first National Hockey League game on November 17, 1957, when he was 24. In the game, which was between the Boston Bruins and","psg_id":"5245805"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)","text":"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey) Neil Armstrong (born December 20, 1932) is a former professional ice hockey linesman, and is an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. Armstrong began playing minor hockey in Galt, Ontario, but he never did go beyond that. He was offered a chance to officiate a game in the same league. Armstrong accepted and later earned his Ontario Hockey Association certification. He officiated his first National Hockey League game on November 17, 1957, when he was 24. In the game, which was between the Boston Bruins and Toronto Maple Leafs, the two teams got into","psg_id":"5245802"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"anti-aircraft fire while making a low bombing run, and was forced to bail out. After the war, he completed his bachelor's degree at Purdue and became a test pilot at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station at Edwards Air Force Base in California. He was the project pilot on Century Series fighters and flew the North American X-15 seven times. He was also a participant in the U.S. Air Force's Man in Space Soonest and X-20 Dyna-Soar human spaceflight programs. Armstrong joined the NASA Astronaut Corps in the second group, which was selected in 1962. He","psg_id":"290613"},{"title":"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong","text":"Man\" project in the mid-2010s. Damien Chazelle, a director receiving critical acclaim for his work in 2016's \"La La Land\", signed onto the film's production. Actor Ryan Gosling, who starred in \"La La Land\", joined as well. Given his role as the book's author, Hansen was attached to co-produce the movie. First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong is the official biography of Neil Armstrong, the astronaut who became the first man to walk on the Moon, on July 20, 1969. The book was written by James R. Hansen, and was","psg_id":"10310113"},{"title":"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong","text":"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong is the official biography of Neil Armstrong, the astronaut who became the first man to walk on the Moon, on July 20, 1969. The book was written by James R. Hansen, and was first published in 2005, by Simon & Schuster. The book describes Armstrong's involvement in the United States space program (culminating with the historic Apollo 11 mission), and details his personal life and upbringing. The book has received a warm reception from several individuals associated with astronomy and the promotion of spaceflight.","psg_id":"10310105"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong Observatory","text":"Neil Armstrong Observatory The Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed March 1, 2014, making Nicaragua the only country in Latin America with an astronomical observatory reserved for use by scholars. The observatory, which cost half a million U.S. dollars to build, is located at the Pierre and Marie Curie School in Managua. The building consists of two floors plus a dome of more than 4.5 square meters. The telescope's main lens is 11 inches across and can magnify stellar objects by 50 to 800 times. The first floor is a chemistry lab named for Irene Joliot-Curie. The second floor, dedicated to","psg_id":"18770339"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"December 23, 1968, as Apollo 8 orbited the Moon. In a meeting that was not made public until the publication of Armstrong's biography in 2005, Slayton told him that although the planned crew was Commander Armstrong, Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin, and Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, he was offering Armstrong the chance to replace Aldrin with Jim Lovell. After thinking it over for a day, Armstrong told Slayton he would stick with Aldrin, as he had no difficulty working with him and thought Lovell deserved his own command. Replacing Aldrin with Lovell would have made Lovell the lunar module","psg_id":"290661"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"1991 and 1993, he hosted \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\", an aviation history documentary series on A&E. Armstrong kept a low profile later in his life, leading to the belief that he was a recluse. He turned down most requests for interviews and public appearances. Michael Collins said in his book \"Carrying the Fire\" that when Armstrong moved to a dairy farm to become a college professor, it was like he \"retreated to his castle and pulled up the drawbridge\". Armstrong found this amusing, and said, \"...those of us that live out in the hinterlands think that people that live","psg_id":"290691"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong Airport","text":"Neil Armstrong Airport Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport is a public use airport located eight nautical miles (9 mi, 15 km) southwest of the central business district of Wapakoneta, a city in Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Auglaize County Airport Authority. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a \"general aviation\" facility. One of the largest operators at the airport is Crown Equipment Corporation, a large Company headquartered close by in New Bremen, Ohio. The Crown Corporate Flight Operation center is at the airport.","psg_id":"16313027"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong Airport","text":"and <1% military. At that time there were 23 aircraft based at this airport: 70% single-engine, 17% jet, and 13% multi-engine. Neil Armstrong Airport Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport is a public use airport located eight nautical miles (9 mi, 15 km) southwest of the central business district of Wapakoneta, a city in Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Auglaize County Airport Authority. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a \"general aviation\" facility. One of the largest operators at the airport is Crown Equipment","psg_id":"16313029"},{"title":"Neil Williams (pilot)","text":"the Neil Williams Memorial Trophy. Neil Williams (pilot) Neil Williams (1934 – 1977) was a Canadian aerobatics pilot. Williams was born in 1934 in Canada and educated in Wales, where he first learned to fly in 1951. After completing an engineering apprenticeship he joined the Royal Air Force (RAF), and was trained as a pilot in Canada, winning the course trophy and gaining his wings. He served in Cyprus as a Canberra photo-reconnaissance pilot, and returned to the United Kingdom in 1961, where he joined an experimental squadron. In 1962 he graduated from the Empire Test Pilots' School (ETPS), and","psg_id":"16080401"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"8. Having trained for two flights, Armstrong was quite knowledgeable about the systems and took on a teaching role for the rookie backup Pilot, William Anders. The launch was on September 12, 1966, with Conrad and Gordon on board, who successfully completed the mission objectives, while Armstrong served as a capsule communicator (CAPCOM). Following the flight, President Lyndon B. Johnson asked Armstrong and his wife to take part in a 24-day goodwill tour of South America. Also on the tour, which took in 11 countries and 14 major cities, were Dick Gordon, George Low, their wives, and other government officials.","psg_id":"290654"},{"title":"RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27)","text":"well as accommodations for twenty-four scientists. The ship is powered by a multi-drive low-voltage diesel electric propulsion system for efficiency and lower maintenance and fuel costs. Both \"Neil Armstrong\"-class ships have state of the art oceanographic equipment allowing deep ocean mapping and information technology for ship monitoring and worldwide land-based communication. \"Neil Armstrong\" has more than 130 square meters of adjustable lab space, supplied by a reverse osmosis desalination system. RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27) RV \"Neil Armstrong\" (AGOR-27) is the designation for a new oceanographic research ship, first of the s, to be owned by the United States Navy and","psg_id":"16944213"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"the problem, which he did, and the mission proceeded. \"That happened because Neil Armstrong was a team player—he always worked on behalf of the team.\" On September 14, Armstrong's cremated remains were scattered in the Atlantic Ocean from the . Flags were flown at half-staff on the day of Armstrong's funeral. Armstrong received many honors and awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Nixon, the Cullum Geographical Medal from the American Geographical Society, and the Collier Trophy from the National Aeronautic Association (1969); the NASA Distinguished Service Medal and the Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy (1970); the","psg_id":"290705"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"said that Neil showed him a draft of the line months before the launch. Historian Andrew Chaikin, who interviewed Armstrong in 1988 for his book \"A Man on the Moon\", disputed that Armstrong claimed to have conceived the line during the mission. Recordings of Armstrong's transmission do not provide evidence for the indefinite article \"a\" before \"man\", though NASA and Armstrong insisted for years that static obscured it. Armstrong stated he would never make such a mistake, but after repeated listenings to recordings, he eventually conceded he must have dropped the \"a\". He later said he \"would hope that history","psg_id":"290673"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"it would be best to find the three NASA pilots ground transport back to Edwards. In June 1958, Armstrong was selected for the U.S. Air Force's Man In Space Soonest program, but the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) cancelled its funding on August 1, 1958, and on November 5, 1958, it was superseded by Project Mercury, a civilian project run by NASA. As a NASA civilian test pilot, Armstrong was ineligible to become one of its astronauts at this time, as selection was restricted to military test pilots. In November 1960, he was chosen as part of the pilot consultant","psg_id":"290642"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"group of astronauts, whose selection was announced on October 18, 1963, to receive a prime crew assignment. See was designated to command Gemini 9. Henceforth, each Gemini mission was commanded by a member of Armstrong's group, with a member of Scott's group as the pilot. Conrad would be Armstrong's backup this time, and Richard F. Gordon Jr. his pilot. Armstrong became the first American civilian in space. (Valentina Tereshkova of the Soviet Union had become the first civilian (and first woman) nearly three years earlier aboard Vostok 6 when it launched on June 16, 1963.) Armstrong would also be the","psg_id":"290648"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"made his first spaceflight as commander of Gemini 8 in March 1966, becoming NASA's first civilian astronaut to fly in space. During this mission with pilot David Scott, he performed the first docking of two spacecraft; the mission was aborted after Armstrong used some of his reentry control fuel to remove a dangerous spin caused by a stuck thruster. During training for Armstrong's second and last spaceflight as commander of Apollo 11, he had to eject from the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle moments before a fiery crash. In July 1969, Armstrong and Apollo 11 Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin performed","psg_id":"290614"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Armstrong's engineering ability. Milt Thompson said he was \"the most technically capable of the early X-15 pilots\". Bill Dana said Armstrong \"had a mind that absorbed things like a sponge\". Those who flew for the Air Force tended to have a different opinion, especially people like Chuck Yeager and Pete Knight, who did not have engineering degrees. Knight said that pilot-engineers flew in a way that was \"more mechanical than it is flying\", and gave this as the reason why some pilot-engineers got into trouble: their flying skills did not come naturally. Armstrong made seven flights in the X-15 between","psg_id":"290637"},{"title":"Neil Williams (pilot)","text":"Neil Williams (pilot) Neil Williams (1934 – 1977) was a Canadian aerobatics pilot. Williams was born in 1934 in Canada and educated in Wales, where he first learned to fly in 1951. After completing an engineering apprenticeship he joined the Royal Air Force (RAF), and was trained as a pilot in Canada, winning the course trophy and gaining his wings. He served in Cyprus as a Canberra photo-reconnaissance pilot, and returned to the United Kingdom in 1961, where he joined an experimental squadron. In 1962 he graduated from the Empire Test Pilots' School (ETPS), and also started competitive aerobatic flying.","psg_id":"16080397"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"depressed that the mission was cut short, canceling most mission objectives and robbing Scott of his EVA. The Agena was later reused as a docking target by Gemini 10. Armstrong and Scott received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal, and the Air Force awarded Scott the Distinguished Flying Cross as well. Scott was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and Armstrong received a $678 raise in pay to $21,653 a year (), making him NASA's highest-paid astronaut. The final assignment for Armstrong in the Gemini program was as the back-up Command Pilot for Gemini 11, announced two days after the landing of Gemini","psg_id":"290653"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong Airport","text":"Wapakoneta is the birthplace of Neil Armstrong, aviator, astronaut and first person to walk on the moon. Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport covers an area of 140 acres (57 ha) at an elevation of 913 feet (278 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways: 8/26 is 5,500 by 100 feet (1,676 x 30 m) with an asphalt surface; 18/36 is 2,631 by 80 feet (802 x 24 m) with a turf surface. For the 12-month period ending August 17, 2009, the airport had 29,456 aircraft operations, an average of 80 per day: 94% general aviation, 6% air taxi,","psg_id":"16313028"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"pilot, unofficially the lowest ranked member, and Armstrong could not justify placing Lovell, the commander of Gemini 12, in the number 3 position of the crew. The crew of Apollo 11 was officially announced on January 9, 1969, as Armstrong, Collins, and Aldrin, with Lovell, Anders, and Fred Haise as the backup crew. According to Chris Kraft, a March 1969 meeting among Slayton, George Low, Bob Gilruth, and Kraft determined that Armstrong would be the first person on the Moon, in part because NASA management saw him as a person who did not have a large ego. A press conference","psg_id":"290662"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"him terribly.\" NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said, \"As long as there are history books, Neil Armstrong will be included in them, remembered for taking humankind's first small step on a world beyond our own\". A tribute was held for Armstrong on September 13 at Washington National Cathedral, whose Space Window depicts the Apollo 11 mission and holds a sliver of Moon rock amid its stained-glass panels. In attendance were Armstrong's Apollo 11 crewmates, Collins and Aldrin; Gene Cernan, the Apollo 17 mission commander and last man to walk on the Moon; and former senator and astronaut John Glenn, the first","psg_id":"290703"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"1955. Armstrong's stint at Cleveland lasted only a couple of months before a position at the High-Speed Flight Station became available, and he reported for work there on July 11, 1955. On his first day, Armstrong was tasked with piloting chase planes during releases of experimental aircraft from modified bombers. He also flew the modified bombers, and on one of these missions had his first flight incident at Edwards. On March 22, 1956, he was in a Boeing B-29 Superfortress, which was to air-drop a Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. He sat in the right-hand pilot seat while the left-hand seat commander,","psg_id":"290631"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"of the middle part of her brain stem; X-ray treatment slowed its growth, but her health deteriorated to the point where she could no longer walk or talk. She died of pneumonia, related to her weakened health, on January 28, 1962, aged two. Following his graduation from Purdue, Armstrong became an experimental research test pilot. He applied at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station at Edwards Air Force Base. NACA had no open positions, and forwarded his application to the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory in Cleveland, where Armstrong made his first test flight on March 1,","psg_id":"290630"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Skyrocket. At the instant of launch, the number-four engine propeller disintegrated. Pieces of it damaged the number-three engine and hit the number-two engine. Butchart and Armstrong were forced to shut down the damaged number-three engine, along with the number-one engine, due to the torque it created. They made a slow, circling descent from using only the number-two engine, and landed safely. Armstrong served as project pilot on Century Series fighters, including the North American F-100 Super Sabre A and C variants, the McDonnell F-101 Voodoo, the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, the Republic F-105 Thunderchief and the Convair F-106 Delta Dart. He","psg_id":"290633"},{"title":"Frank A. Armstrong","text":"Cross. He was also awarded the British Distinguished Flying Cross for the initial mission, the first U.S. officer to be so honored. Because he had not yet been checked out as a combat pilot in the B-17, Armstrong flew the first mission as the co-pilot of a Fortress piloted by Major Paul W. Tibbets, one of his squadron commanders. Armstrong returned to the staff of Bomber Command until January, 1943, when Eaker again used him to rebuild another bomb group performing below standards. From January 4 to February 17, 1943, Armstrong commanded the 306th Bomb Group at RAF Thurleigh, England,","psg_id":"7465033"},{"title":"RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27)","text":"constructed by Dakota Creek Industries of Anacortes, Washington and scheduled for completion in 2014 for entry into service in 2015. It was launched on 29 March 2014, christened by Carol Armstrong, passed sea trials 7 August 2015 and delivered to the Navy on 23 September 2015. A sister ship, , was launched 9 August 2014 to be operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography under a renewable charter-party agreement. \"Neil Armstrong\" is a commercially designed mono hull research vessel, capable of coastal and deep ocean operations, and equipped with cranes and winches for over-the-side loading of research equipment and supplies, as","psg_id":"16944212"},{"title":"Tom Neil","text":"and Hurricanes seen in British skies since the Second World War. The formation consisted of 40 aircraft and flew a route around southern England in the areas which saw the most aerial activity during the war. Tom Neil Thomas Francis \"Ginger\" Neil, (14 July 1920 – 11 July 2018) was a British wing commander in the Royal Air Force fighter pilot and ace of the Second World War during the Battle of Britain. Neil scored a total of 14 kills during the Second World War. Neil was born in Bootle on 14 July 1920; he had a keen interest in","psg_id":"15036119"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"21. Armstrong and See watched the launch at Cape Kennedy, then flew to the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston. The mission was generally successful, despite a problem with the fuel cells that prevented a rendezvous. Cooper and Conrad practiced a \"phantom rendezvous\", carrying out the maneuver without a target. The crew assignments for Gemini 8 were announced on September 20, 1965. Under the normal rotation system, the backup crew for one mission became the prime crew for the third mission after, but Slayton designated David Scott as the pilot of Gemini 8. Scott was the first member of the third","psg_id":"290647"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"group for the X-20 Dyna-Soar, a military space plane under development by Boeing for the U.S. Air Force, and on March 15, 1962, he was selected by the U.S. Air Force as one of seven pilot-engineers who would fly the X-20 when it got off the design board. In April 1962, NASA announced that applications were being sought for the second group of NASA astronauts for Project Gemini, a proposed two-man spacecraft. This time, selection was open to qualified civilian test pilots. Armstrong visited the Seattle World's Fair in May 1962, and attended a conference there on space exploration that","psg_id":"290643"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"for about a minute, after which Armstrong responded for about thirty seconds. In the Apollo 11 photographic record, there are only five images of Armstrong partly shown or reflected. The mission was planned to the minute, with the majority of photographic tasks performed by Armstrong with the single Hasselblad camera. After helping to set up the Early Apollo Scientific Experiment Package, Armstrong went for a walk to what is now known as East Crater, east of the LM, the greatest distance traveled from the LM on the mission. His final task was to remind Aldrin to leave a small package","psg_id":"290677"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Lebanon, Ohio, and the country of Lebanon, which has a majority Muslim population. In 1972, Armstrong visited the town of Langholm, Scotland, the traditional seat of Clan Armstrong. He was made the first freeman of the burgh, and happily declared the town his home. The Justice of the Peace read from an unrepealed 400-year-old law that required him to hang any Armstrong found in the town. While working at his farm near Lebanon, Ohio, in November 1978, Armstrong jumped off the back of his grain truck and his wedding ring was caught in the wheel, tearing off the tip of","psg_id":"290696"},{"title":"James Armstrong Richardson","text":"James Armstrong Richardson James Armstrong Richardson, (March 28, 1922 – May 17, 2004) was a Canadian Cabinet minister under Pierre Trudeau and a Winnipeg businessman. Richardson was born on March 28, 1922 in Winnipeg, Manitoba to James Armstrong Richardson, Sr. and Muriel (née) Sprague. He attended St. John's-Ravenscourt School. He attended Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, and earned a B.A. in Political Science and Economics. After university, he enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force. He served as an anti-submarine pilot based in Iceland and Labrador during World War II. He finished his war service with the rank of pilot","psg_id":"4652862"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"crew were feted across the United States and around the world as part of a 45-day \"Giant Leap\" tour. Armstrong then took part in Bob Hope's 1969 USO show, primarily to Vietnam. In May 1970, Armstrong traveled to the Soviet Union to present a talk at the 13th annual conference of the International Committee on Space Research; after arriving in Leningrad from Poland, he traveled to Moscow where he met Premier Alexei Kosygin. Armstrong was the first westerner to see the supersonic Tupolev Tu-144 and was given a tour of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, which he described as","psg_id":"290680"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"1971, Armstrong taught in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati until 1979. He served on the Apollo 13 accident investigation, and on the Rogers Commission, which investigated the Space Shuttle \"Challenger\" disaster. He acted as a spokesman for several businesses, and appeared in advertising for the automotive brand Chrysler starting in January 1979. Armstrong was born on August 5, 1930, near Wapakoneta, Ohio, to Stephen Koenig Armstrong and Viola Louise Engel. He was of German, Scottish and Scots-Irish ancestry, and had a younger sister, June, and a younger brother, Dean. His father worked as an auditor","psg_id":"290616"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"companies. Along with spokesman duties, he also served on the board of directors of several companies. The first company which Armstrong joined the board was Gates Learjet, chairing their technical committee. He flew their new and experimental jets and even set a climb and altitude record for business jets. Armstrong became a member of Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company's board in 1973. They were interested in nuclear power and wanted to increase the company's technical competence. He served on the board of Taft Broadcasting, also based in Cincinnati. Armstrong joined Thiokol's board in 1989, after he was vice-chair of the","psg_id":"290688"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"the only people who could fly the lunar missions. Slayton talked about the planned missions and named Armstrong to the backup crew for Apollo 9, which at that stage was planned as a medium Earth orbit test of the combined lunar module and command and service module. The crew assignment was officially announced November 20, 1967. For crewmates, Armstrong was assigned Lovell and Aldrin, from Gemini 12. After design and manufacturing delays of the lunar module (LM), Apollo 8 and 9 swapped prime and backup crews. Based on the normal crew rotation, Armstrong would command Apollo 11, with one change:","psg_id":"290657"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"the use of his voice and likeness. He sued Hallmark Cards in 1994 when they used his name, and a recording of the \"one small step\" quote, in a Christmas ornament without his permission. The lawsuit was settled out of court for an undisclosed sum, which Armstrong donated to Purdue. In May 2005, Armstrong became involved in a legal dispute with his barber of 20 years, Mark Sizemore. After cutting Armstrong's hair, Sizemore sold some of it to a collector for $3,000 without Armstrong's knowledge. Armstrong threatened legal action against Sizemore unless he returned the hair or donated the proceeds","psg_id":"290699"},{"title":"Armstrong Air and Space Museum","text":"also home to two full-size aircraft, including the airplane in which Neil Armstrong learned to fly. The museum is designed for the experiential learner. There are seven interactive exhibits, ten audio/visual elements, and three simulators. Visitors can practice landing the Lunar Module and Space Shuttle or docking the Gemini spacecraft, just as Neil Armstrong did in 1966. Armstrong Air and Space Museum The Armstrong Air and Space Museum is a museum in Wapakoneta, Ohio, United States, the hometown of Neil Armstrong, first man to set foot on the Moon. The museum chronicles Ohio's contributions to the history of space flight.","psg_id":"6025156"},{"title":"Orland K. Armstrong","text":"with a bachelor's degree in education. Armstrong's first teaching position came at Southwest Baptist College in Bolivar, Missouri, where he taught English and served as basketball coach. Southwest Baptist was a natural fit for Armstrong for it was his maternal grandfather, Reverend Daniel Preston, who was one of the college founders. With America's entry into World War I in April 1917 Armstrong took a leave of absence to serve in the U.S. Army. Assigned to the Army Signal Corps, he received pilot training and would serve as an instructor pilot for the duration of the war. While serving as an","psg_id":"10449741"},{"title":"Which Way to the War","text":"Which Way to the War Which Way to the War is an intended British television sitcom written by David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd, which was discontinued after a one-off broadcast pilot on 19 August 1994. It was also Croft and Lloyd's only ITV sitcom and Croft's last World War II sitcom. In the Western Desert of World War Two, a party of British \"Desert Rats\" soldiers and a party of Australian soldiers are holed up in a remote building, when an ambulance of Italian \"nurses\" arrive. The pilot was badly received (Or quite well received, depending on what column of","psg_id":"7247515"},{"title":"Erika Armstrong","text":"& Pilot, Flying.com, Disciples of Flight, Mentor, Contrails, Business Insider and NYC Aviation. Consistent 325,000 aviation geek/enthusiast followers from around the globe. Erika Armstrong Erika Armstrong (née Hagen; born July 9, 1968) is a commercial airline pilot, published author, editor, aviation journalist and professor of aviation science. Armstrong is the author of the bestselling book \"A Chick in the Cockpit: My Life Up in the Air\", which was published by Behler Publications in 2016. Armstrong was born in Seattle, Washington, and given up for adoption to Geraldine and Charles Hagen. At age five, she moved with her family to Edina,","psg_id":"19503397"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"before extravehicular activity, but Armstrong requested the EVA be moved to earlier in the evening, Houston time. When he and Aldrin were ready to go outside, \"Eagle\" was depressurized, the hatch was opened, and Armstrong made his way down the ladder. At the bottom of the ladder Armstrong said, \"I'm going to step off the LM now\". He turned and set his left boot on the lunar surface at 02:56 UTC July 21, 1969, then spoke the now-famous words, \"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\" Armstrong prepared his famous epigram on his own. In","psg_id":"290671"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Ed White and Roger Chaffee in the fire. Armstrong and the group spent the rest of the night drinking scotch and discussing what had happened. On April 5, 1967, the same day the Apollo 1 investigation released its final report, Armstrong and 17 other astronauts gathered for a meeting with Slayton. The first thing Slayton said was, \"The guys who are going to fly the first lunar missions are the guys in this room.\" According to Cernan, only Armstrong showed no reaction to the statement. To Armstrong it came as no surprise—the room was full of veterans of Project Gemini,","psg_id":"290656"},{"title":"Tom Neil","text":"Tom Neil Thomas Francis \"Ginger\" Neil, (14 July 1920 – 11 July 2018) was a British wing commander in the Royal Air Force fighter pilot and ace of the Second World War during the Battle of Britain. Neil scored a total of 14 kills during the Second World War. Neil was born in Bootle on 14 July 1920; he had a keen interest in aircraft as a child and also played cricket and football for local teams. His family moved to Manchester when he was 16, and he attended Eccles Secondary (grammar) School where he was awarded an art prize","psg_id":"15036112"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Hall of Fame, and the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame. He was awarded his Naval Astronaut badge in a ceremony on board the aircraft carrier on March 10, 2010, in a ceremony attended by Lovell and Cernan. The lunar crater Armstrong, from the Apollo 11 landing site, and asteroid 6469 Armstrong are named in his honor. There are more than a dozen elementary, middle and high schools named for Armstrong in the United States, and many places around the world have streets, buildings, schools, and other places named for him and/or Apollo. The Armstrong Air and Space Museum, in","psg_id":"290707"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"the first manned Moon landing, and spent two and a half hours outside the spacecraft while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command and service module. When Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface, he famously said: \"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\" Along with Collins and Aldrin, Armstrong was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon. President Jimmy Carter presented Armstrong with the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978, and Armstrong and his former crewmates received a Congressional Gold Medal in 2009. After he resigned from NASA in","psg_id":"290615"},{"title":"Neil Celley","text":"in favor of Murray Armstrong. Neil Celley Neil 'The Seal' Celley is a former American ice hockey coach and player who was a member of the US national team at the 1948 Winter Olympics. Neil Celley joined the Michigan ice hockey team after winning a State Championship in 1945. He left the program a year later to take part in first Winter Olympics since 1936 (due to World War II) and was chosen as a member of the USOC's squad. A competing USA team was also sent to St. Moritz that year, one representing the Amateur Hockey Association that openly","psg_id":"19549454"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"collective bargaining group, so he decided to teach half-time. According to Armstrong, he had the same amount of work but received half his salary. In 1979, less than 10% of his income came from his university salary. Employees at the university did not know why he left. In 1970, after an explosion aboard Apollo 13 aborted its lunar landing, Armstrong was part of Edgar Cortright's investigation of the mission. He produced a detailed chronology of the flight. He determined that a 28-volt thermostat switch in an oxygen tank, which was supposed to have been replaced with a 65-volt version, lead","psg_id":"290684"},{"title":"Frank A. Armstrong","text":"1930, and at Randolph Field, San Antonio, Texas, in 1931. In March 1934, he was one of a group of Army pilots placed under the command of Captain Ira Eaker. On October 1, 1934, he was promoted to 1st lieutenant. Armstrong was assigned in December 1934 as a pursuit pilot at Albrook Field, Panama Canal Zone. In 1937, Armstrong earned the Distinguished Flying Cross in peacetime by skillfully landing an amphibian airplane whose engine had exploded. He was promoted to the temporary rank of captain on March 15, 1936, returned to his permanent pay grade on June 16, and was","psg_id":"7465029"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"than most simulations had taken. For this reason, Mission Control was concerned that the LM was running low on fuel. On landing, Aldrin and Armstrong believed they had 40 seconds of fuel left, including the 20 seconds' worth which had to be saved in the event of an abort. During training, Armstrong had, on several occasions, landed the LLTV with fewer than 15 seconds of fuel; he was also confident the LM could survive a fall of up to . Post-mission analysis showed that at touchdown there were 45 to 50 seconds of propellant burn time left. The landing on","psg_id":"290668"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"astronauts, they were younger, and had more impressive academic credentials. On February 8, 1965, Armstrong and Elliot See were announced as the backup crew for Gemini 5, with Armstrong as commander, supporting the prime crew of Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad. The mission's purpose was to practice space rendezvous and to develop procedures and equipment for a seven-day flight, all of which would be required for a mission to the Moon. With two other flights (Gemini 3 and Gemini 4) in preparation, six crews were competing for simulator time, so Gemini 5 was postponed. It finally lifted off on August","psg_id":"290646"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"8 Titan II launch. The Apollo CM was relatively roomy compared to the Gemini spacecraft. None of the Apollo 11 crew suffered space sickness, as some members of previous crews had. Armstrong was especially glad about this, as he had been prone to motion sickness as a child and could experience nausea after long periods of aerobatics. Apollo 11's objective was to land safely on the Moon, rather than to touch down at a precise location. Three minutes into the lunar descent, Armstrong noted that craters were passing about two seconds too early, which meant the LM \"Eagle\" would probably","psg_id":"290665"},{"title":"Orland K. Armstrong","text":"instructor pilot Armstrong made his first foray into the world of journalism by acting as editor of the aviation magazine \"Propeller\". Following the end of World War I Armstrong took a position with the YMCA, going to France for two years. In France he helped care for Russian prisoners of war awaiting return to their homeland. After returning from France in 1920 Armstrong chose to further his education at Cumberland University, earning his second bachelor's degree and a law degree in 1922. Armstrong took and passed the Missouri Bar exam but chose not to enter into a law practice. He","psg_id":"10449742"},{"title":"Perry A. Armstrong","text":"Perry A. Armstrong Perry Austin Armstrong (April 15, 1823 – December 23, 1904) was a business person, surveyor, attorney, two-time member of the Illinois House of Representatives and historian. Born in Ohio and raised in southern Illinois, he spent most of his adult life in Morris, Illinois. Armstrong was born in Licking County, Ohio and came to Illinois with his mother and brothers in 1831, initially settling at Sand Prairie. During the Black Hawk War, the family retreated for a period of time to Morris, which was to be his future permanent home. He attended Granville Academy, and spent two","psg_id":"18920578"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Armstrong, but two weeks later he called her to ask what she was doing. She replied that she was cutting down a cherry tree, and 35 minutes later Armstrong was at her house to help. They were married in Ohio on June 12, 1994, and had a second ceremony at San Ysidro Ranch in California. He lived in Indian Hill, Ohio. Armstrong guarded the use of his name, image, and famous quote. When it was launched in 1981, MTV wanted to use his quote in its station identification, with the American flag replaced with the MTV logo, but he refused","psg_id":"290698"},{"title":"Which Way to the War","text":"figures one were read on the official report commissioned by ITV) and was never brought back for or developed into a series despite the success David Croft had with \"Dad's Army\", \"It Ain't Half Hot Mum\" and \"'Allo 'Allo!\". The pilot was directed by Roy Gould who had worked for David Croft at the BBC. Which Way to the War Which Way to the War is an intended British television sitcom written by David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd, which was discontinued after a one-off broadcast pilot on 19 August 1994. It was also Croft and Lloyd's only ITV sitcom and","psg_id":"7247516"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"that if there were too many, NASA would not act on them. Armstrong was appointed to a fourteen-member commission by President Reagan to develop a plan for American civilian spaceflight in the 21st century. The commission was chaired by former NASA administrator Dr. Thomas O. Paine, with whom Armstrong had worked during the Apollo program. The group published a book titled \"Pioneering the Space Frontier: The Report on the National Commission on Space\", recommending a permanent lunar base by 2006 and sending people to Mars by 2015. The recommendations were largely ignored, overshadowed by the \"Challenger\" disaster. Armstrong and his","psg_id":"290686"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"and various flags and medals flown on his space missions. A series of auctions was held on November 1 to 3, 2018, that realized $5,276,320. Two fragments of wood from the propeller and four pieces of fabric from the wing from the 1903 \"Wright Flyer\" that Armstrong took to the moon fetched between $112,500 and $275,000 each. In a 2010 \"Space Foundation\" survey, Armstrong was ranked as the #1 most popular space hero; and in 2013, \"Flying\" magazine ranked him #1 on its list of 51 Heroes of Aviation. The press often asked Armstrong for his views on the future","psg_id":"290710"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"(EVA) by Scott. The mission was planned to last 75 hours and 55 orbits. After the Agena lifted off at 10:00:00 EST, the Titan II rocket carrying Armstrong and Scott ignited at 11:41:02 EST, putting them into an orbit from which they chased the Agena. They achieved the first-ever docking between two spacecraft. Contact with the crew was intermittent due to the lack of tracking stations covering their entire orbits. While out of contact with the ground, the docked spacecraft began to roll, and Armstrong attempted to correct this with the Gemini's Orbit Attitude and Maneuvering System (OAMS). Following the","psg_id":"290650"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"to a charity of Armstrong's choosing. Sizemore, unable to retrieve the hair, donated the proceeds to charity. Armstrong underwent bypass surgery on August 7, 2012 to relieve blocked coronary arteries. Although he was reportedly recovering well, he developed complications in the hospital and died on August 25, in Cincinnati, Ohio, aged 82. The White House released a statement describing Armstrong as \"among the greatest of American heroes—not just of his time, but of all time\". It went on to say that Armstrong had carried the aspirations of the United States' citizens and had delivered \"a moment of human achievement that","psg_id":"290700"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"their own analysis. Armstrong found Ford's analysis \"persuasive.\" Linguists David Beaver and Mark Liberman wrote of their skepticism of Ford's claims on the blog Language Log. A 2016 peer-reviewed study again concluded Armstrong had included the article. NASA's transcript continues to show the \"a\" in parentheses. When Armstrong made his proclamation, Voice of America was rebroadcast live via the BBC and many other stations worldwide. An estimated 530 million people viewed the event, out of a world population of approximately 3.6 billion. About 20 minutes after Armstrong's first step, Aldrin joined him on the surface, becoming the second human to","psg_id":"290675"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"take men he deemed the \"greatest explorers\" to the North Pole. The group included Armstrong, Edmund Hillary, Hillary's son Peter, Steve Fossett, and Patrick Morrow. They arrived at the Pole on April 6, 1985. Armstrong said he was curious to see what it looked like from the ground, as he had seen it only from the Moon. He did not inform the media of the trip, preferring to keep it private. In 2010, Armstrong voiced the character of Dr. Jack Morrow in \"\", an animated educational sci-fi adventure film initiated by JPL/NASA through a grant from Jet Propulsion Lab. Between","psg_id":"290690"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"to the explosion. Cortright's report recommended the entire tank be redesigned at a cost of $40 million. Many NASA managers, including Armstrong, opposed the recommendation, since only the thermostat switch had caused the problem. They lost the argument and the tanks were redesigned. In 1986, President Ronald Reagan asked Armstrong to join the Rogers Commission investigating the destruction of the Space Shuttle \"Challenger\". Armstrong was made vice chairman of the commission, and held private interviews with contacts he had developed over the years to help determine the cause of the disaster. He helped limit the committee's recommendations to nine, believing","psg_id":"290685"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"was co-sponsored by NASA. After he returned from Seattle on June 4, he applied to become an astronaut. His application arrived about a week past the June 1, 1962, deadline, but Dick Day, a flight simulator expert with whom Armstrong had worked closely at Edwards, saw the late arrival of the application and slipped it into the pile before anyone noticed. At Brooks Air Force Base at the end of June, Armstrong underwent a medical exam that many of the applicants described as painful and at times seemingly pointless. NASA's Director of Flight Crew Operations, Deke Slayton, called Armstrong on","psg_id":"290644"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Sylvanus Thayer Award by the United States Military Academy (1971); the Congressional Space Medal of Honor from President Jimmy Carter (1978); the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy from the National Aeronautic Association (2001); and a Congressional Gold Medal (2011). Armstrong and his Apollo 11 crewmates were the 1999 recipients of the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution. On April 18, 2006, he received NASA's Ambassador of Exploration Award. The Space Foundation named Armstrong as a recipient of its 2013 General James E. Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award. Armstrong was also inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor, the National Aviation","psg_id":"290706"},{"title":"Perry A. Armstrong","text":"Illinois House of Representatives, representing Will and Grundy counties. Armstrong was a war Democrat and always favored the Union, being a friend of both President Lincoln and Senator Stephen A. Douglas. During the war he took on the duty of procuring horses for the army. In 1863 he was admitted to the bar, and formed the law partnership Olin and Armstrong with Benjamin Olin. Olin withdrew from the firm in 1870, and Armstrong ran the firm as sole proprietor from that time forward. In 1872 he was elected to the 28th Illinois General Assembly. In his later life he wrote","psg_id":"18920581"},{"title":"Erika Armstrong","text":"Erika Armstrong Erika Armstrong (née Hagen; born July 9, 1968) is a commercial airline pilot, published author, editor, aviation journalist and professor of aviation science. Armstrong is the author of the bestselling book \"A Chick in the Cockpit: My Life Up in the Air\", which was published by Behler Publications in 2016. Armstrong was born in Seattle, Washington, and given up for adoption to Geraldine and Charles Hagen. At age five, she moved with her family to Edina, Minnesota. In 1986, at age 17, Armstrong graduated from Edina High School, where she was the yearbook editor. She attended the University","psg_id":"19503393"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)","text":"wear a cast for three months. On October 16, 1973, Armstrong was honoured in a ceremony at the Detroit Olympia for officiating his 1,314th game, which broke the previous record set by George Hayes. In total, Armstrong officiated a total of 1,744 games and retired in 1978. After retiring, he became a scout for the Montreal Canadiens. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame as an official in 1991. His son, Doug Armstrong, later became General Manager of the Dallas Stars. Following his tenure with Dallas, Doug became the Executive VP and General Manager of the St. Louis","psg_id":"5245804"},{"title":"Spence M. Armstrong","text":"Force Base. After two years in flight test, Armstrong prepared for a combat tour in Southeast Asia by completing F-105 combat crew training at McConnell Air Force Base, Kansas. He was assigned to the 34th Fighter Squadron based at Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand where he flew 100 combat missions in the F-105. In July 1968, Armstrong returned to flight test as an instructor and later as the deputy commandant at the Aerospace Research Pilot School. In August 1971, Armstrong attended the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama and graduated in May 1972. After a","psg_id":"19598878"},{"title":"Robert E. Armstrong","text":"Fraternity and played and lettered on both the varsity basketball and football teams, and continued as a life member of the Indiana University Alumni Association as well as the Indiana University Varsity Club and I-Mens Association. Armstrong also completed Post Graduate Coursework at Purdue University; Harvard Leadership Institutes; University of California; University of Saint Francis; Indiana-Purdue Universities; Indiana State University. From 1944-1945, Armstrong served in the United States Army Air Forces. He was training as a pilot to fight in World War II when the war ended, cutting his military service short. Bob was an active member of his local","psg_id":"12332277"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"\"a bit Victorian in nature\". At the end of the day, he was surprised to view a delayed video of the launch of Soyuz 9 as it had not occurred to Armstrong that the mission was taking place, even though Valentina Tereshkova had been his host and her husband, Andriyan Nikolayev, was on board. Shortly after Apollo 11, Armstrong announced that he did not plan to fly in space again. He was appointed Deputy Associate Administrator for Aeronautics for the Office of Advanced Research and Technology at ARPA, served in the position for a year, then resigned from it and","psg_id":"290681"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"hauled back to Lafayette on a trailer. He was a baritone player in the Purdue All-American Marching Band. Ten years later he was made an honorary member of Kappa Kappa Psi national band honorary fraternity. Armstrong graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in January 1955. In 1970 he completed his Master of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC). He would eventually be awarded honorary doctorates by several universities. Armstrong met Janet Elizabeth Shearon, who was majoring in home economics, at a party hosted by Alpha Chi Omega. According to the","psg_id":"290628"},{"title":"Joseph A. Walker","text":"Medal with seven oak leaf clusters. After World War II, Walker separated from the Army Air Force and joined the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio, as an experimental physicist. While in Cleveland, Walker became a test pilot, and he conducted icing research in flight, as well as in the NACA icing wind tunnel. He transferred to the High-Speed Flight Research Station in Edwards, California, in 1951. Walker served for 15 years at the Edwards Flight Research Facility - now called the Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center. By the mid-1950s, he was","psg_id":"3332534"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"Wapakoneta airfield. He earned a student flight certificate on his sixteenth birthday, then soloed in August, all before he had a driver's license. He was active in the Boy Scouts and earned the rank of Eagle Scout. As an adult, he was recognized by the Boy Scouts of America with its Distinguished Eagle Scout Award and Silver Buffalo Award. On July 18, 1969, while flying toward the Moon, Armstrong greeted the Scouts. Among the few personal items that he carried with him to the Moon and back was a World Scout Badge. In 1947, at age 17, Armstrong began studying","psg_id":"290618"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"earlier advice of Mission Control, they undocked, but the roll increased dramatically until they were turning about once per second, indicating a problem with Gemini's attitude control. Armstrong engaged the Reentry Control System (RCS) and turned off the OAMS. Mission rules dictated that once this system was turned on, the spacecraft had to reenter at the next possible opportunity. It was later thought that damaged wiring caused one of the thrusters to stick in the on position. A few people in the Astronaut Office, including Walter Cunningham, felt Armstrong and Scott \"had botched their first mission\". There was speculation that","psg_id":"290651"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"political parties, he declined the offers. He described his political leanings as favoring states' rights and opposing the United States acting as the \"world's policeman\". When Armstrong applied at a local Methodist church to lead a Boy Scout troop in the late 1950s, he gave his religious affiliation as \"deist\". His mother later said that Armstrong's religious views caused her grief and distress in later life, as she was more religious. In the early 1980s, Armstrong was the subject of a hoax saying that he converted to Islam after hearing the \"adhan\", the Muslim call to prayer, while walking on","psg_id":"290694"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"wheels became stuck and they had to wait for rescue. As Armstrong told the story, Yeager never tried to talk him out of it and they made a first successful landing on the east side of the lake. Then Yeager told him to try again, this time a bit slower. On the second landing, they became stuck, provoking Yeager to fits of laughter. On May 21, 1962, Armstrong was involved in the \"Nellis Affair\". He was sent in an F-104 to inspect Delamar Dry Lake in southern Nevada, again for emergency landings. He misjudged his altitude, and did not realize","psg_id":"290639"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"would grant me leeway for dropping the syllable and understand that it was certainly intended, even if it was not said—although it might actually have been\". There have since been claims and counter-claims about whether acoustic analysis of the recording reveals the presence of the missing \"a\"; Peter Shann Ford, an Australian computer programmer, conducted a digital audio analysis and claims that Armstrong did say \"a man\", but the \"a\" was inaudible due to the limitations of communications technology of the time. Ford and James R. Hansen, Armstrong's authorized biographer, presented these findings to Armstrong and NASA representatives, who conducted","psg_id":"290674"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"the letters should be written by people who knew the scout. (In 2003, he received 950 congratulation requests.) This contributed to the myth of his reclusiveness. Armstrong's family described him as a \"reluctant American hero\". Recalling Armstrong's humility, John Glenn, the first American to orbit Earth, told CNN: \"[Armstrong] didn't feel that he should be out huckstering himself. He was a humble person, and that's the way he remained after his lunar flight, as well as before.\" Some former astronauts, including Glenn and Harrison Schmitt, sought political careers after leaving NASA; but although Armstrong was approached by groups from both","psg_id":"290693"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"November 30, 1960, and July 26, 1962. He reached a top speed of Mach 5.74 () in the X-15-1, and left the Flight Research Center with a total of 2,400 flying hours. On April 24, 1962, Armstrong flew for the only time with Chuck Yeager. Their job, flying a T-33, was to evaluate Smith Ranch Dry Lake in Nevada for use as an emergency landing site for the X-15. In his autobiography, Yeager wrote that he knew the lake bed was unsuitable for landings after recent rains, but Armstrong insisted on flying out anyway. As they attempted a touch-and-go, the","psg_id":"290638"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"X-1B. He flew the North American X-15 seven times, including the first flight with the Q-ball system, the first flight of the number 3 X-15 airframe, and the first flight of the MH-96 adaptive flight control system. He became an employee of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) when it was established on October 1, 1958, absorbing NACA. Armstrong was involved in several incidents that went down in Edwards folklore or were chronicled in the memoirs of colleagues. During his sixth X-15 flight on April 20, 1962, when Armstrong was testing the MH-96 control system, he flew to a","psg_id":"290635"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"September 13, 1962, and asked whether he would be interested in joining the NASA Astronaut Corps as part of what the press dubbed \"the New Nine\"; without hesitation, Armstrong said yes. The selections were kept secret until three days later, although newspaper reports had circulated since earlier that year that he would be selected as the \"first civilian astronaut\". Armstrong was one of two civilian pilots selected for this group; the other was Elliot See, another former naval aviator. NASA announced the selection of the second group at a press conference on September 17, 1962. Compared with the Mercury Seven","psg_id":"290645"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"wife attended the memorial service for the victims of the Space Shuttle \"Columbia\" disaster in 2003, at the invitation of President George W. Bush. After Armstrong retired from NASA in 1971, he acted as a spokesman for several businesses. The first company to successfully approach him was Chrysler, for whom he appeared in advertising starting in January 1979. Armstrong thought they had a strong engineering division, and they were in financial difficulty. He later acted as a spokesman for other American companies, including General Time Corporation and the Bankers Association of America. He only acted as a spokesman for American","psg_id":"290687"},{"title":"Neil Armstrong","text":"inside the Beltway are the ones that have the problems.\" Andrew Chaikin says in \"A Man on the Moon\" that Armstrong kept a low profile but was not a recluse, citing his participation in interviews, advertisements for Chrysler, and hosting a cable television series. Armstrong used to autograph everything except first day covers. Around 1993, he found out his signatures were being sold online, and that most of them were forgeries, and stopped giving autographs. For many years, he wrote letters congratulating new Eagle Scouts on their accomplishment, but decided to quit the practice in the 1990s because he felt","psg_id":"290692"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong First Flights was a half-hour televised aviation history documentary series. The series premiered on September 25, 1991, on A&E Networks and ran for three seasons. It was hosted by former test pilot and astronaut Neil Armstrong, the first person to walk on the moon. The series initially aired Wednesdays at 9 p.m. on A&E in the U.S. The series focused on the technological history of aviation, from early balloons and gliders through war-time and mass commercial aviation, to experimental hypersonic flight at the edge of space. In the series, Neil Armstrong interviewed pilots and aerospace\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19441068\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Neil, we have a simple request. Honor his example of service, accomplishment and modesty, and the next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of Neil Armstrong and give him a wink.\\\" It prompted many responses, including the Twitter hashtag \\\"#WinkAtTheMoon\\\". Buzz Aldrin called Armstrong \\\"a true American hero and the best pilot I ever knew\\\", and said he was disappointed that they would not be able to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the Moon landing together in 2019. Michael Collins said, \\\"He was the best, and I will miss\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290702\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Armstrong's hometown of Wapakoneta, and the airport in New Knoxville, Ohio where he took his first flying lessons at 15, are named after him. Purdue University announced in October 2004 that its new engineering building would be named Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering; the building was dedicated on October 27, 2007 during a ceremony at which Armstrong was joined by fourteen other Purdue astronauts. The NASA Dryden Flight Research Center was renamed the NASA Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center in 2014. In September 2012, the U.S. Navy announced that the first \\\"Armstrong\\\"-class vessel would be named . Delivered to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"episodes were mixed. Jay Sharbutt, the senior television writer for The Associated Press, called the series \\\"disappointing\\\" because it did not give enough time to Armstrong. Reviews of subsequent episodes and the second season were positive. described the series as \\\"an exemplary history of aviation. ...The selection and use of the historical footage is ideal and edited with unusual skill.\\\" First Flights with Neil Armstrong First Flights was a half-hour televised aviation history documentary series. The series premiered on September 25, 1991, on A&E Networks and ran for three seasons. It was hosted by former test pilot and astronaut Neil\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19441071\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong Observatory\",\n \"text\": \"the study of physics, is named for Isaac Newton. The observatory is named Neil Armstrong in honor of the first man to touch the moon, in 1969. Neil Armstrong Observatory The Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed March 1, 2014, making Nicaragua the only country in Latin America with an astronomical observatory reserved for use by scholars. The observatory, which cost half a million U.S. dollars to build, is located at the Pierre and Marie Curie School in Managua. The building consists of two floors plus a dome of more than 4.5 square meters. The telescope's main lens is 11 inches\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18770340\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"engineers. Archival footage and vintage aircraft were used to recreate historic takeoffs. Episodes of \\\"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\\\" are listed below in the original A&E Networks broadcast order. Season 1 traces the development of aviation technology from balloons to early post-WWII jet aircraft. Season 2 continues the story of atmospheric flight to the edge of space in the 1990s. Neil Armstrong had previously flown several aircraft featured in Season 2 during his long career as a NASA experimental test pilot in Edwards, CA. Season 3 focuses on the development of particular technologies within the broader field of aviation. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19441069\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"future, destines our nation to become one of second or even third rate stature\\\". Armstrong also publicly recalled his initial concerns about the Apollo 11 mission, when he had believed there was only a 50% chance of landing on the Moon. \\\"I was elated, ecstatic and extremely surprised that we were successful\\\", he later said. On November 18, 2010, aged 80, Armstrong said in a speech during the \\\"Science & Technology Summit\\\" in The Hague, Netherlands, that he would offer his services as commander on a mission to Mars if he were asked. Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290712\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)\",\n \"text\": \"Blues and continues to serve in that capacity. Neil Armstrong (ice hockey) Neil Armstrong (born December 20, 1932) is a former professional ice hockey linesman, and is an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. Armstrong began playing minor hockey in Galt, Ontario, but he never did go beyond that. He was offered a chance to officiate a game in the same league. Armstrong accepted and later earned his Ontario Hockey Association certification. He officiated his first National Hockey League game on November 17, 1957, when he was 24. In the game, which was between the Boston Bruins and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5245805\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)\",\n \"text\": \"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey) Neil Armstrong (born December 20, 1932) is a former professional ice hockey linesman, and is an Honoured Member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. Armstrong began playing minor hockey in Galt, Ontario, but he never did go beyond that. He was offered a chance to officiate a game in the same league. Armstrong accepted and later earned his Ontario Hockey Association certification. He officiated his first National Hockey League game on November 17, 1957, when he was 24. In the game, which was between the Boston Bruins and Toronto Maple Leafs, the two teams got into\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5245802\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"anti-aircraft fire while making a low bombing run, and was forced to bail out. After the war, he completed his bachelor's degree at Purdue and became a test pilot at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station at Edwards Air Force Base in California. He was the project pilot on Century Series fighters and flew the North American X-15 seven times. He was also a participant in the U.S. Air Force's Man in Space Soonest and X-20 Dyna-Soar human spaceflight programs. Armstrong joined the NASA Astronaut Corps in the second group, which was selected in 1962. He\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290613\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Man\\\" project in the mid-2010s. Damien Chazelle, a director receiving critical acclaim for his work in 2016's \\\"La La Land\\\", signed onto the film's production. Actor Ryan Gosling, who starred in \\\"La La Land\\\", joined as well. Given his role as the book's author, Hansen was attached to co-produce the movie. First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong is the official biography of Neil Armstrong, the astronaut who became the first man to walk on the Moon, on July 20, 1969. The book was written by James R. Hansen, and was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10310113\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong First Man: The Life of Neil A. Armstrong is the official biography of Neil Armstrong, the astronaut who became the first man to walk on the Moon, on July 20, 1969. The book was written by James R. Hansen, and was first published in 2005, by Simon & Schuster. The book describes Armstrong's involvement in the United States space program (culminating with the historic Apollo 11 mission), and details his personal life and upbringing. The book has received a warm reception from several individuals associated with astronomy and the promotion of spaceflight.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10310105\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong Observatory\",\n \"text\": \"Neil Armstrong Observatory The Neil Armstrong Observatory was completed March 1, 2014, making Nicaragua the only country in Latin America with an astronomical observatory reserved for use by scholars. The observatory, which cost half a million U.S. dollars to build, is located at the Pierre and Marie Curie School in Managua. The building consists of two floors plus a dome of more than 4.5 square meters. The telescope's main lens is 11 inches across and can magnify stellar objects by 50 to 800 times. The first floor is a chemistry lab named for Irene Joliot-Curie. The second floor, dedicated to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18770339\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"December 23, 1968, as Apollo 8 orbited the Moon. In a meeting that was not made public until the publication of Armstrong's biography in 2005, Slayton told him that although the planned crew was Commander Armstrong, Lunar Module Pilot Buzz Aldrin, and Command Module Pilot Michael Collins, he was offering Armstrong the chance to replace Aldrin with Jim Lovell. After thinking it over for a day, Armstrong told Slayton he would stick with Aldrin, as he had no difficulty working with him and thought Lovell deserved his own command. Replacing Aldrin with Lovell would have made Lovell the lunar module\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290661\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"1991 and 1993, he hosted \\\"First Flights with Neil Armstrong\\\", an aviation history documentary series on A&E. Armstrong kept a low profile later in his life, leading to the belief that he was a recluse. He turned down most requests for interviews and public appearances. Michael Collins said in his book \\\"Carrying the Fire\\\" that when Armstrong moved to a dairy farm to become a college professor, it was like he \\\"retreated to his castle and pulled up the drawbridge\\\". Armstrong found this amusing, and said, \\\"...those of us that live out in the hinterlands think that people that live\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290691\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong Airport\",\n \"text\": \"Neil Armstrong Airport Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport is a public use airport located eight nautical miles (9 mi, 15 km) southwest of the central business district of Wapakoneta, a city in Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Auglaize County Airport Authority. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a \\\"general aviation\\\" facility. One of the largest operators at the airport is Crown Equipment Corporation, a large Company headquartered close by in New Bremen, Ohio. The Crown Corporate Flight Operation center is at the airport.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16313027\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong Airport\",\n \"text\": \"and <1% military. At that time there were 23 aircraft based at this airport: 70% single-engine, 17% jet, and 13% multi-engine. Neil Armstrong Airport Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport is a public use airport located eight nautical miles (9 mi, 15 km) southwest of the central business district of Wapakoneta, a city in Auglaize County, Ohio, United States. It is owned by the Auglaize County Airport Authority. This airport is included in the National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015, which categorized it as a \\\"general aviation\\\" facility. One of the largest operators at the airport is Crown Equipment\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16313029\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Williams (pilot)\",\n \"text\": \"the Neil Williams Memorial Trophy. Neil Williams (pilot) Neil Williams (1934 – 1977) was a Canadian aerobatics pilot. Williams was born in 1934 in Canada and educated in Wales, where he first learned to fly in 1951. After completing an engineering apprenticeship he joined the Royal Air Force (RAF), and was trained as a pilot in Canada, winning the course trophy and gaining his wings. He served in Cyprus as a Canberra photo-reconnaissance pilot, and returned to the United Kingdom in 1961, where he joined an experimental squadron. In 1962 he graduated from the Empire Test Pilots' School (ETPS), and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16080401\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"8. Having trained for two flights, Armstrong was quite knowledgeable about the systems and took on a teaching role for the rookie backup Pilot, William Anders. The launch was on September 12, 1966, with Conrad and Gordon on board, who successfully completed the mission objectives, while Armstrong served as a capsule communicator (CAPCOM). Following the flight, President Lyndon B. Johnson asked Armstrong and his wife to take part in a 24-day goodwill tour of South America. Also on the tour, which took in 11 countries and 14 major cities, were Dick Gordon, George Low, their wives, and other government officials.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290654\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27)\",\n \"text\": \"well as accommodations for twenty-four scientists. The ship is powered by a multi-drive low-voltage diesel electric propulsion system for efficiency and lower maintenance and fuel costs. Both \\\"Neil Armstrong\\\"-class ships have state of the art oceanographic equipment allowing deep ocean mapping and information technology for ship monitoring and worldwide land-based communication. \\\"Neil Armstrong\\\" has more than 130 square meters of adjustable lab space, supplied by a reverse osmosis desalination system. RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27) RV \\\"Neil Armstrong\\\" (AGOR-27) is the designation for a new oceanographic research ship, first of the s, to be owned by the United States Navy and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16944213\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the problem, which he did, and the mission proceeded. \\\"That happened because Neil Armstrong was a team player—he always worked on behalf of the team.\\\" On September 14, Armstrong's cremated remains were scattered in the Atlantic Ocean from the . Flags were flown at half-staff on the day of Armstrong's funeral. Armstrong received many honors and awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Nixon, the Cullum Geographical Medal from the American Geographical Society, and the Collier Trophy from the National Aeronautic Association (1969); the NASA Distinguished Service Medal and the Dr. Robert H. Goddard Memorial Trophy (1970); the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290705\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"said that Neil showed him a draft of the line months before the launch. Historian Andrew Chaikin, who interviewed Armstrong in 1988 for his book \\\"A Man on the Moon\\\", disputed that Armstrong claimed to have conceived the line during the mission. Recordings of Armstrong's transmission do not provide evidence for the indefinite article \\\"a\\\" before \\\"man\\\", though NASA and Armstrong insisted for years that static obscured it. Armstrong stated he would never make such a mistake, but after repeated listenings to recordings, he eventually conceded he must have dropped the \\\"a\\\". He later said he \\\"would hope that history\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290673\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"it would be best to find the three NASA pilots ground transport back to Edwards. In June 1958, Armstrong was selected for the U.S. Air Force's Man In Space Soonest program, but the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) cancelled its funding on August 1, 1958, and on November 5, 1958, it was superseded by Project Mercury, a civilian project run by NASA. As a NASA civilian test pilot, Armstrong was ineligible to become one of its astronauts at this time, as selection was restricted to military test pilots. In November 1960, he was chosen as part of the pilot consultant\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290642\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"group of astronauts, whose selection was announced on October 18, 1963, to receive a prime crew assignment. See was designated to command Gemini 9. Henceforth, each Gemini mission was commanded by a member of Armstrong's group, with a member of Scott's group as the pilot. Conrad would be Armstrong's backup this time, and Richard F. Gordon Jr. his pilot. Armstrong became the first American civilian in space. (Valentina Tereshkova of the Soviet Union had become the first civilian (and first woman) nearly three years earlier aboard Vostok 6 when it launched on June 16, 1963.) Armstrong would also be the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290648\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"made his first spaceflight as commander of Gemini 8 in March 1966, becoming NASA's first civilian astronaut to fly in space. During this mission with pilot David Scott, he performed the first docking of two spacecraft; the mission was aborted after Armstrong used some of his reentry control fuel to remove a dangerous spin caused by a stuck thruster. During training for Armstrong's second and last spaceflight as commander of Apollo 11, he had to eject from the Lunar Landing Research Vehicle moments before a fiery crash. In July 1969, Armstrong and Apollo 11 Lunar Module pilot Buzz Aldrin performed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290614\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Armstrong's engineering ability. Milt Thompson said he was \\\"the most technically capable of the early X-15 pilots\\\". Bill Dana said Armstrong \\\"had a mind that absorbed things like a sponge\\\". Those who flew for the Air Force tended to have a different opinion, especially people like Chuck Yeager and Pete Knight, who did not have engineering degrees. Knight said that pilot-engineers flew in a way that was \\\"more mechanical than it is flying\\\", and gave this as the reason why some pilot-engineers got into trouble: their flying skills did not come naturally. Armstrong made seven flights in the X-15 between\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290637\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Williams (pilot)\",\n \"text\": \"Neil Williams (pilot) Neil Williams (1934 – 1977) was a Canadian aerobatics pilot. Williams was born in 1934 in Canada and educated in Wales, where he first learned to fly in 1951. After completing an engineering apprenticeship he joined the Royal Air Force (RAF), and was trained as a pilot in Canada, winning the course trophy and gaining his wings. He served in Cyprus as a Canberra photo-reconnaissance pilot, and returned to the United Kingdom in 1961, where he joined an experimental squadron. In 1962 he graduated from the Empire Test Pilots' School (ETPS), and also started competitive aerobatic flying.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16080397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"depressed that the mission was cut short, canceling most mission objectives and robbing Scott of his EVA. The Agena was later reused as a docking target by Gemini 10. Armstrong and Scott received the NASA Exceptional Service Medal, and the Air Force awarded Scott the Distinguished Flying Cross as well. Scott was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and Armstrong received a $678 raise in pay to $21,653 a year (), making him NASA's highest-paid astronaut. The final assignment for Armstrong in the Gemini program was as the back-up Command Pilot for Gemini 11, announced two days after the landing of Gemini\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290653\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong Airport\",\n \"text\": \"Wapakoneta is the birthplace of Neil Armstrong, aviator, astronaut and first person to walk on the moon. Auglaize County Neil Armstrong Airport covers an area of 140 acres (57 ha) at an elevation of 913 feet (278 m) above mean sea level. It has two runways: 8/26 is 5,500 by 100 feet (1,676 x 30 m) with an asphalt surface; 18/36 is 2,631 by 80 feet (802 x 24 m) with a turf surface. For the 12-month period ending August 17, 2009, the airport had 29,456 aircraft operations, an average of 80 per day: 94% general aviation, 6% air taxi,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16313028\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"pilot, unofficially the lowest ranked member, and Armstrong could not justify placing Lovell, the commander of Gemini 12, in the number 3 position of the crew. The crew of Apollo 11 was officially announced on January 9, 1969, as Armstrong, Collins, and Aldrin, with Lovell, Anders, and Fred Haise as the backup crew. According to Chris Kraft, a March 1969 meeting among Slayton, George Low, Bob Gilruth, and Kraft determined that Armstrong would be the first person on the Moon, in part because NASA management saw him as a person who did not have a large ego. A press conference\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290662\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"him terribly.\\\" NASA Administrator Charles Bolden said, \\\"As long as there are history books, Neil Armstrong will be included in them, remembered for taking humankind's first small step on a world beyond our own\\\". A tribute was held for Armstrong on September 13 at Washington National Cathedral, whose Space Window depicts the Apollo 11 mission and holds a sliver of Moon rock amid its stained-glass panels. In attendance were Armstrong's Apollo 11 crewmates, Collins and Aldrin; Gene Cernan, the Apollo 17 mission commander and last man to walk on the Moon; and former senator and astronaut John Glenn, the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290703\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"1955. Armstrong's stint at Cleveland lasted only a couple of months before a position at the High-Speed Flight Station became available, and he reported for work there on July 11, 1955. On his first day, Armstrong was tasked with piloting chase planes during releases of experimental aircraft from modified bombers. He also flew the modified bombers, and on one of these missions had his first flight incident at Edwards. On March 22, 1956, he was in a Boeing B-29 Superfortress, which was to air-drop a Douglas D-558-2 Skyrocket. He sat in the right-hand pilot seat while the left-hand seat commander,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290631\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"of the middle part of her brain stem; X-ray treatment slowed its growth, but her health deteriorated to the point where she could no longer walk or talk. She died of pneumonia, related to her weakened health, on January 28, 1962, aged two. Following his graduation from Purdue, Armstrong became an experimental research test pilot. He applied at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) High-Speed Flight Station at Edwards Air Force Base. NACA had no open positions, and forwarded his application to the Lewis Flight Propulsion Laboratory in Cleveland, where Armstrong made his first test flight on March 1,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290630\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Skyrocket. At the instant of launch, the number-four engine propeller disintegrated. Pieces of it damaged the number-three engine and hit the number-two engine. Butchart and Armstrong were forced to shut down the damaged number-three engine, along with the number-one engine, due to the torque it created. They made a slow, circling descent from using only the number-two engine, and landed safely. Armstrong served as project pilot on Century Series fighters, including the North American F-100 Super Sabre A and C variants, the McDonnell F-101 Voodoo, the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter, the Republic F-105 Thunderchief and the Convair F-106 Delta Dart. He\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290633\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Frank A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Cross. He was also awarded the British Distinguished Flying Cross for the initial mission, the first U.S. officer to be so honored. Because he had not yet been checked out as a combat pilot in the B-17, Armstrong flew the first mission as the co-pilot of a Fortress piloted by Major Paul W. Tibbets, one of his squadron commanders. Armstrong returned to the staff of Bomber Command until January, 1943, when Eaker again used him to rebuild another bomb group performing below standards. From January 4 to February 17, 1943, Armstrong commanded the 306th Bomb Group at RAF Thurleigh, England,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7465033\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"RV Neil Armstrong (AGOR-27)\",\n \"text\": \"constructed by Dakota Creek Industries of Anacortes, Washington and scheduled for completion in 2014 for entry into service in 2015. It was launched on 29 March 2014, christened by Carol Armstrong, passed sea trials 7 August 2015 and delivered to the Navy on 23 September 2015. A sister ship, , was launched 9 August 2014 to be operated by Scripps Institution of Oceanography under a renewable charter-party agreement. \\\"Neil Armstrong\\\" is a commercially designed mono hull research vessel, capable of coastal and deep ocean operations, and equipped with cranes and winches for over-the-side loading of research equipment and supplies, as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16944212\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Neil\",\n \"text\": \"and Hurricanes seen in British skies since the Second World War. The formation consisted of 40 aircraft and flew a route around southern England in the areas which saw the most aerial activity during the war. Tom Neil Thomas Francis \\\"Ginger\\\" Neil, (14 July 1920 – 11 July 2018) was a British wing commander in the Royal Air Force fighter pilot and ace of the Second World War during the Battle of Britain. Neil scored a total of 14 kills during the Second World War. Neil was born in Bootle on 14 July 1920; he had a keen interest in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15036119\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"21. Armstrong and See watched the launch at Cape Kennedy, then flew to the Manned Spacecraft Center in Houston. The mission was generally successful, despite a problem with the fuel cells that prevented a rendezvous. Cooper and Conrad practiced a \\\"phantom rendezvous\\\", carrying out the maneuver without a target. The crew assignments for Gemini 8 were announced on September 20, 1965. Under the normal rotation system, the backup crew for one mission became the prime crew for the third mission after, but Slayton designated David Scott as the pilot of Gemini 8. Scott was the first member of the third\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290647\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"group for the X-20 Dyna-Soar, a military space plane under development by Boeing for the U.S. Air Force, and on March 15, 1962, he was selected by the U.S. Air Force as one of seven pilot-engineers who would fly the X-20 when it got off the design board. In April 1962, NASA announced that applications were being sought for the second group of NASA astronauts for Project Gemini, a proposed two-man spacecraft. This time, selection was open to qualified civilian test pilots. Armstrong visited the Seattle World's Fair in May 1962, and attended a conference there on space exploration that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290643\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"for about a minute, after which Armstrong responded for about thirty seconds. In the Apollo 11 photographic record, there are only five images of Armstrong partly shown or reflected. The mission was planned to the minute, with the majority of photographic tasks performed by Armstrong with the single Hasselblad camera. After helping to set up the Early Apollo Scientific Experiment Package, Armstrong went for a walk to what is now known as East Crater, east of the LM, the greatest distance traveled from the LM on the mission. His final task was to remind Aldrin to leave a small package\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290677\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Lebanon, Ohio, and the country of Lebanon, which has a majority Muslim population. In 1972, Armstrong visited the town of Langholm, Scotland, the traditional seat of Clan Armstrong. He was made the first freeman of the burgh, and happily declared the town his home. The Justice of the Peace read from an unrepealed 400-year-old law that required him to hang any Armstrong found in the town. While working at his farm near Lebanon, Ohio, in November 1978, Armstrong jumped off the back of his grain truck and his wedding ring was caught in the wheel, tearing off the tip of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290696\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Armstrong Richardson\",\n \"text\": \"James Armstrong Richardson James Armstrong Richardson, (March 28, 1922 – May 17, 2004) was a Canadian Cabinet minister under Pierre Trudeau and a Winnipeg businessman. Richardson was born on March 28, 1922 in Winnipeg, Manitoba to James Armstrong Richardson, Sr. and Muriel (née) Sprague. He attended St. John's-Ravenscourt School. He attended Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, and earned a B.A. in Political Science and Economics. After university, he enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force. He served as an anti-submarine pilot based in Iceland and Labrador during World War II. He finished his war service with the rank of pilot\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4652862\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"crew were feted across the United States and around the world as part of a 45-day \\\"Giant Leap\\\" tour. Armstrong then took part in Bob Hope's 1969 USO show, primarily to Vietnam. In May 1970, Armstrong traveled to the Soviet Union to present a talk at the 13th annual conference of the International Committee on Space Research; after arriving in Leningrad from Poland, he traveled to Moscow where he met Premier Alexei Kosygin. Armstrong was the first westerner to see the supersonic Tupolev Tu-144 and was given a tour of the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center, which he described as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290680\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"1971, Armstrong taught in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Cincinnati until 1979. He served on the Apollo 13 accident investigation, and on the Rogers Commission, which investigated the Space Shuttle \\\"Challenger\\\" disaster. He acted as a spokesman for several businesses, and appeared in advertising for the automotive brand Chrysler starting in January 1979. Armstrong was born on August 5, 1930, near Wapakoneta, Ohio, to Stephen Koenig Armstrong and Viola Louise Engel. He was of German, Scottish and Scots-Irish ancestry, and had a younger sister, June, and a younger brother, Dean. His father worked as an auditor\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290616\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"companies. Along with spokesman duties, he also served on the board of directors of several companies. The first company which Armstrong joined the board was Gates Learjet, chairing their technical committee. He flew their new and experimental jets and even set a climb and altitude record for business jets. Armstrong became a member of Cincinnati Gas & Electric Company's board in 1973. They were interested in nuclear power and wanted to increase the company's technical competence. He served on the board of Taft Broadcasting, also based in Cincinnati. Armstrong joined Thiokol's board in 1989, after he was vice-chair of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290688\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the only people who could fly the lunar missions. Slayton talked about the planned missions and named Armstrong to the backup crew for Apollo 9, which at that stage was planned as a medium Earth orbit test of the combined lunar module and command and service module. The crew assignment was officially announced November 20, 1967. For crewmates, Armstrong was assigned Lovell and Aldrin, from Gemini 12. After design and manufacturing delays of the lunar module (LM), Apollo 8 and 9 swapped prime and backup crews. Based on the normal crew rotation, Armstrong would command Apollo 11, with one change:\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290657\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the use of his voice and likeness. He sued Hallmark Cards in 1994 when they used his name, and a recording of the \\\"one small step\\\" quote, in a Christmas ornament without his permission. The lawsuit was settled out of court for an undisclosed sum, which Armstrong donated to Purdue. In May 2005, Armstrong became involved in a legal dispute with his barber of 20 years, Mark Sizemore. After cutting Armstrong's hair, Sizemore sold some of it to a collector for $3,000 without Armstrong's knowledge. Armstrong threatened legal action against Sizemore unless he returned the hair or donated the proceeds\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290699\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Armstrong Air and Space Museum\",\n \"text\": \"also home to two full-size aircraft, including the airplane in which Neil Armstrong learned to fly. The museum is designed for the experiential learner. There are seven interactive exhibits, ten audio/visual elements, and three simulators. Visitors can practice landing the Lunar Module and Space Shuttle or docking the Gemini spacecraft, just as Neil Armstrong did in 1966. Armstrong Air and Space Museum The Armstrong Air and Space Museum is a museum in Wapakoneta, Ohio, United States, the hometown of Neil Armstrong, first man to set foot on the Moon. The museum chronicles Ohio's contributions to the history of space flight.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6025156\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Orland K. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"with a bachelor's degree in education. Armstrong's first teaching position came at Southwest Baptist College in Bolivar, Missouri, where he taught English and served as basketball coach. Southwest Baptist was a natural fit for Armstrong for it was his maternal grandfather, Reverend Daniel Preston, who was one of the college founders. With America's entry into World War I in April 1917 Armstrong took a leave of absence to serve in the U.S. Army. Assigned to the Army Signal Corps, he received pilot training and would serve as an instructor pilot for the duration of the war. While serving as an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10449741\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Which Way to the War\",\n \"text\": \"Which Way to the War Which Way to the War is an intended British television sitcom written by David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd, which was discontinued after a one-off broadcast pilot on 19 August 1994. It was also Croft and Lloyd's only ITV sitcom and Croft's last World War II sitcom. In the Western Desert of World War Two, a party of British \\\"Desert Rats\\\" soldiers and a party of Australian soldiers are holed up in a remote building, when an ambulance of Italian \\\"nurses\\\" arrive. The pilot was badly received (Or quite well received, depending on what column of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7247515\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Erika Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"& Pilot, Flying.com, Disciples of Flight, Mentor, Contrails, Business Insider and NYC Aviation. Consistent 325,000 aviation geek/enthusiast followers from around the globe. Erika Armstrong Erika Armstrong (née Hagen; born July 9, 1968) is a commercial airline pilot, published author, editor, aviation journalist and professor of aviation science. Armstrong is the author of the bestselling book \\\"A Chick in the Cockpit: My Life Up in the Air\\\", which was published by Behler Publications in 2016. Armstrong was born in Seattle, Washington, and given up for adoption to Geraldine and Charles Hagen. At age five, she moved with her family to Edina,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19503397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"before extravehicular activity, but Armstrong requested the EVA be moved to earlier in the evening, Houston time. When he and Aldrin were ready to go outside, \\\"Eagle\\\" was depressurized, the hatch was opened, and Armstrong made his way down the ladder. At the bottom of the ladder Armstrong said, \\\"I'm going to step off the LM now\\\". He turned and set his left boot on the lunar surface at 02:56 UTC July 21, 1969, then spoke the now-famous words, \\\"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\\\" Armstrong prepared his famous epigram on his own. In\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290671\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Ed White and Roger Chaffee in the fire. Armstrong and the group spent the rest of the night drinking scotch and discussing what had happened. On April 5, 1967, the same day the Apollo 1 investigation released its final report, Armstrong and 17 other astronauts gathered for a meeting with Slayton. The first thing Slayton said was, \\\"The guys who are going to fly the first lunar missions are the guys in this room.\\\" According to Cernan, only Armstrong showed no reaction to the statement. To Armstrong it came as no surprise—the room was full of veterans of Project Gemini,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290656\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Neil\",\n \"text\": \"Tom Neil Thomas Francis \\\"Ginger\\\" Neil, (14 July 1920 – 11 July 2018) was a British wing commander in the Royal Air Force fighter pilot and ace of the Second World War during the Battle of Britain. Neil scored a total of 14 kills during the Second World War. Neil was born in Bootle on 14 July 1920; he had a keen interest in aircraft as a child and also played cricket and football for local teams. His family moved to Manchester when he was 16, and he attended Eccles Secondary (grammar) School where he was awarded an art prize\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15036112\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Hall of Fame, and the United States Astronaut Hall of Fame. He was awarded his Naval Astronaut badge in a ceremony on board the aircraft carrier on March 10, 2010, in a ceremony attended by Lovell and Cernan. The lunar crater Armstrong, from the Apollo 11 landing site, and asteroid 6469 Armstrong are named in his honor. There are more than a dozen elementary, middle and high schools named for Armstrong in the United States, and many places around the world have streets, buildings, schools, and other places named for him and/or Apollo. The Armstrong Air and Space Museum, in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290707\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the first manned Moon landing, and spent two and a half hours outside the spacecraft while Michael Collins remained in lunar orbit in the command and service module. When Armstrong stepped onto the lunar surface, he famously said: \\\"That's one small step for [a] man, one giant leap for mankind.\\\" Along with Collins and Aldrin, Armstrong was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon. President Jimmy Carter presented Armstrong with the Congressional Space Medal of Honor in 1978, and Armstrong and his former crewmates received a Congressional Gold Medal in 2009. After he resigned from NASA in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290615\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Celley\",\n \"text\": \"in favor of Murray Armstrong. Neil Celley Neil 'The Seal' Celley is a former American ice hockey coach and player who was a member of the US national team at the 1948 Winter Olympics. Neil Celley joined the Michigan ice hockey team after winning a State Championship in 1945. He left the program a year later to take part in first Winter Olympics since 1936 (due to World War II) and was chosen as a member of the USOC's squad. A competing USA team was also sent to St. Moritz that year, one representing the Amateur Hockey Association that openly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19549454\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"collective bargaining group, so he decided to teach half-time. According to Armstrong, he had the same amount of work but received half his salary. In 1979, less than 10% of his income came from his university salary. Employees at the university did not know why he left. In 1970, after an explosion aboard Apollo 13 aborted its lunar landing, Armstrong was part of Edgar Cortright's investigation of the mission. He produced a detailed chronology of the flight. He determined that a 28-volt thermostat switch in an oxygen tank, which was supposed to have been replaced with a 65-volt version, lead\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290684\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Frank A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"1930, and at Randolph Field, San Antonio, Texas, in 1931. In March 1934, he was one of a group of Army pilots placed under the command of Captain Ira Eaker. On October 1, 1934, he was promoted to 1st lieutenant. Armstrong was assigned in December 1934 as a pursuit pilot at Albrook Field, Panama Canal Zone. In 1937, Armstrong earned the Distinguished Flying Cross in peacetime by skillfully landing an amphibian airplane whose engine had exploded. He was promoted to the temporary rank of captain on March 15, 1936, returned to his permanent pay grade on June 16, and was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7465029\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"than most simulations had taken. For this reason, Mission Control was concerned that the LM was running low on fuel. On landing, Aldrin and Armstrong believed they had 40 seconds of fuel left, including the 20 seconds' worth which had to be saved in the event of an abort. During training, Armstrong had, on several occasions, landed the LLTV with fewer than 15 seconds of fuel; he was also confident the LM could survive a fall of up to . Post-mission analysis showed that at touchdown there were 45 to 50 seconds of propellant burn time left. The landing on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290668\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"astronauts, they were younger, and had more impressive academic credentials. On February 8, 1965, Armstrong and Elliot See were announced as the backup crew for Gemini 5, with Armstrong as commander, supporting the prime crew of Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad. The mission's purpose was to practice space rendezvous and to develop procedures and equipment for a seven-day flight, all of which would be required for a mission to the Moon. With two other flights (Gemini 3 and Gemini 4) in preparation, six crews were competing for simulator time, so Gemini 5 was postponed. It finally lifted off on August\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290646\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"8 Titan II launch. The Apollo CM was relatively roomy compared to the Gemini spacecraft. None of the Apollo 11 crew suffered space sickness, as some members of previous crews had. Armstrong was especially glad about this, as he had been prone to motion sickness as a child and could experience nausea after long periods of aerobatics. Apollo 11's objective was to land safely on the Moon, rather than to touch down at a precise location. Three minutes into the lunar descent, Armstrong noted that craters were passing about two seconds too early, which meant the LM \\\"Eagle\\\" would probably\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290665\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Orland K. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"instructor pilot Armstrong made his first foray into the world of journalism by acting as editor of the aviation magazine \\\"Propeller\\\". Following the end of World War I Armstrong took a position with the YMCA, going to France for two years. In France he helped care for Russian prisoners of war awaiting return to their homeland. After returning from France in 1920 Armstrong chose to further his education at Cumberland University, earning his second bachelor's degree and a law degree in 1922. Armstrong took and passed the Missouri Bar exam but chose not to enter into a law practice. He\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10449742\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Perry A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Perry A. Armstrong Perry Austin Armstrong (April 15, 1823 – December 23, 1904) was a business person, surveyor, attorney, two-time member of the Illinois House of Representatives and historian. Born in Ohio and raised in southern Illinois, he spent most of his adult life in Morris, Illinois. Armstrong was born in Licking County, Ohio and came to Illinois with his mother and brothers in 1831, initially settling at Sand Prairie. During the Black Hawk War, the family retreated for a period of time to Morris, which was to be his future permanent home. He attended Granville Academy, and spent two\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18920578\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Armstrong, but two weeks later he called her to ask what she was doing. She replied that she was cutting down a cherry tree, and 35 minutes later Armstrong was at her house to help. They were married in Ohio on June 12, 1994, and had a second ceremony at San Ysidro Ranch in California. He lived in Indian Hill, Ohio. Armstrong guarded the use of his name, image, and famous quote. When it was launched in 1981, MTV wanted to use his quote in its station identification, with the American flag replaced with the MTV logo, but he refused\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290698\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Which Way to the War\",\n \"text\": \"figures one were read on the official report commissioned by ITV) and was never brought back for or developed into a series despite the success David Croft had with \\\"Dad's Army\\\", \\\"It Ain't Half Hot Mum\\\" and \\\"'Allo 'Allo!\\\". The pilot was directed by Roy Gould who had worked for David Croft at the BBC. Which Way to the War Which Way to the War is an intended British television sitcom written by David Croft and Jeremy Lloyd, which was discontinued after a one-off broadcast pilot on 19 August 1994. It was also Croft and Lloyd's only ITV sitcom and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7247516\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"that if there were too many, NASA would not act on them. Armstrong was appointed to a fourteen-member commission by President Reagan to develop a plan for American civilian spaceflight in the 21st century. The commission was chaired by former NASA administrator Dr. Thomas O. Paine, with whom Armstrong had worked during the Apollo program. The group published a book titled \\\"Pioneering the Space Frontier: The Report on the National Commission on Space\\\", recommending a permanent lunar base by 2006 and sending people to Mars by 2015. The recommendations were largely ignored, overshadowed by the \\\"Challenger\\\" disaster. Armstrong and his\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290686\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"and various flags and medals flown on his space missions. A series of auctions was held on November 1 to 3, 2018, that realized $5,276,320. Two fragments of wood from the propeller and four pieces of fabric from the wing from the 1903 \\\"Wright Flyer\\\" that Armstrong took to the moon fetched between $112,500 and $275,000 each. In a 2010 \\\"Space Foundation\\\" survey, Armstrong was ranked as the #1 most popular space hero; and in 2013, \\\"Flying\\\" magazine ranked him #1 on its list of 51 Heroes of Aviation. The press often asked Armstrong for his views on the future\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290710\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"(EVA) by Scott. The mission was planned to last 75 hours and 55 orbits. After the Agena lifted off at 10:00:00 EST, the Titan II rocket carrying Armstrong and Scott ignited at 11:41:02 EST, putting them into an orbit from which they chased the Agena. They achieved the first-ever docking between two spacecraft. Contact with the crew was intermittent due to the lack of tracking stations covering their entire orbits. While out of contact with the ground, the docked spacecraft began to roll, and Armstrong attempted to correct this with the Gemini's Orbit Attitude and Maneuvering System (OAMS). Following the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290650\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"to a charity of Armstrong's choosing. Sizemore, unable to retrieve the hair, donated the proceeds to charity. Armstrong underwent bypass surgery on August 7, 2012 to relieve blocked coronary arteries. Although he was reportedly recovering well, he developed complications in the hospital and died on August 25, in Cincinnati, Ohio, aged 82. The White House released a statement describing Armstrong as \\\"among the greatest of American heroes—not just of his time, but of all time\\\". It went on to say that Armstrong had carried the aspirations of the United States' citizens and had delivered \\\"a moment of human achievement that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290700\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"their own analysis. Armstrong found Ford's analysis \\\"persuasive.\\\" Linguists David Beaver and Mark Liberman wrote of their skepticism of Ford's claims on the blog Language Log. A 2016 peer-reviewed study again concluded Armstrong had included the article. NASA's transcript continues to show the \\\"a\\\" in parentheses. When Armstrong made his proclamation, Voice of America was rebroadcast live via the BBC and many other stations worldwide. An estimated 530 million people viewed the event, out of a world population of approximately 3.6 billion. About 20 minutes after Armstrong's first step, Aldrin joined him on the surface, becoming the second human to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290675\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"take men he deemed the \\\"greatest explorers\\\" to the North Pole. The group included Armstrong, Edmund Hillary, Hillary's son Peter, Steve Fossett, and Patrick Morrow. They arrived at the Pole on April 6, 1985. Armstrong said he was curious to see what it looked like from the ground, as he had seen it only from the Moon. He did not inform the media of the trip, preferring to keep it private. In 2010, Armstrong voiced the character of Dr. Jack Morrow in \\\"\\\", an animated educational sci-fi adventure film initiated by JPL/NASA through a grant from Jet Propulsion Lab. Between\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290690\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"to the explosion. Cortright's report recommended the entire tank be redesigned at a cost of $40 million. Many NASA managers, including Armstrong, opposed the recommendation, since only the thermostat switch had caused the problem. They lost the argument and the tanks were redesigned. In 1986, President Ronald Reagan asked Armstrong to join the Rogers Commission investigating the destruction of the Space Shuttle \\\"Challenger\\\". Armstrong was made vice chairman of the commission, and held private interviews with contacts he had developed over the years to help determine the cause of the disaster. He helped limit the committee's recommendations to nine, believing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290685\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"was co-sponsored by NASA. After he returned from Seattle on June 4, he applied to become an astronaut. His application arrived about a week past the June 1, 1962, deadline, but Dick Day, a flight simulator expert with whom Armstrong had worked closely at Edwards, saw the late arrival of the application and slipped it into the pile before anyone noticed. At Brooks Air Force Base at the end of June, Armstrong underwent a medical exam that many of the applicants described as painful and at times seemingly pointless. NASA's Director of Flight Crew Operations, Deke Slayton, called Armstrong on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290644\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Sylvanus Thayer Award by the United States Military Academy (1971); the Congressional Space Medal of Honor from President Jimmy Carter (1978); the Wright Brothers Memorial Trophy from the National Aeronautic Association (2001); and a Congressional Gold Medal (2011). Armstrong and his Apollo 11 crewmates were the 1999 recipients of the Langley Gold Medal from the Smithsonian Institution. On April 18, 2006, he received NASA's Ambassador of Exploration Award. The Space Foundation named Armstrong as a recipient of its 2013 General James E. Hill Lifetime Space Achievement Award. Armstrong was also inducted into the Aerospace Walk of Honor, the National Aviation\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290706\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Perry A. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Illinois House of Representatives, representing Will and Grundy counties. Armstrong was a war Democrat and always favored the Union, being a friend of both President Lincoln and Senator Stephen A. Douglas. During the war he took on the duty of procuring horses for the army. In 1863 he was admitted to the bar, and formed the law partnership Olin and Armstrong with Benjamin Olin. Olin withdrew from the firm in 1870, and Armstrong ran the firm as sole proprietor from that time forward. In 1872 he was elected to the 28th Illinois General Assembly. In his later life he wrote\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18920581\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Erika Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Erika Armstrong Erika Armstrong (née Hagen; born July 9, 1968) is a commercial airline pilot, published author, editor, aviation journalist and professor of aviation science. Armstrong is the author of the bestselling book \\\"A Chick in the Cockpit: My Life Up in the Air\\\", which was published by Behler Publications in 2016. Armstrong was born in Seattle, Washington, and given up for adoption to Geraldine and Charles Hagen. At age five, she moved with her family to Edina, Minnesota. In 1986, at age 17, Armstrong graduated from Edina High School, where she was the yearbook editor. She attended the University\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19503393\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong (ice hockey)\",\n \"text\": \"wear a cast for three months. On October 16, 1973, Armstrong was honoured in a ceremony at the Detroit Olympia for officiating his 1,314th game, which broke the previous record set by George Hayes. In total, Armstrong officiated a total of 1,744 games and retired in 1978. After retiring, he became a scout for the Montreal Canadiens. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame as an official in 1991. His son, Doug Armstrong, later became General Manager of the Dallas Stars. Following his tenure with Dallas, Doug became the Executive VP and General Manager of the St. Louis\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5245804\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Spence M. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Force Base. After two years in flight test, Armstrong prepared for a combat tour in Southeast Asia by completing F-105 combat crew training at McConnell Air Force Base, Kansas. He was assigned to the 34th Fighter Squadron based at Korat Royal Thai Air Force Base, Thailand where he flew 100 combat missions in the F-105. In July 1968, Armstrong returned to flight test as an instructor and later as the deputy commandant at the Aerospace Research Pilot School. In August 1971, Armstrong attended the Air War College at Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama and graduated in May 1972. After a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19598878\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robert E. Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Fraternity and played and lettered on both the varsity basketball and football teams, and continued as a life member of the Indiana University Alumni Association as well as the Indiana University Varsity Club and I-Mens Association. Armstrong also completed Post Graduate Coursework at Purdue University; Harvard Leadership Institutes; University of California; University of Saint Francis; Indiana-Purdue Universities; Indiana State University. From 1944-1945, Armstrong served in the United States Army Air Forces. He was training as a pilot to fight in World War II when the war ended, cutting his military service short. Bob was an active member of his local\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12332277\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"a bit Victorian in nature\\\". At the end of the day, he was surprised to view a delayed video of the launch of Soyuz 9 as it had not occurred to Armstrong that the mission was taking place, even though Valentina Tereshkova had been his host and her husband, Andriyan Nikolayev, was on board. Shortly after Apollo 11, Armstrong announced that he did not plan to fly in space again. He was appointed Deputy Associate Administrator for Aeronautics for the Office of Advanced Research and Technology at ARPA, served in the position for a year, then resigned from it and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290681\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"hauled back to Lafayette on a trailer. He was a baritone player in the Purdue All-American Marching Band. Ten years later he was made an honorary member of Kappa Kappa Psi national band honorary fraternity. Armstrong graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Aeronautical Engineering in January 1955. In 1970 he completed his Master of Science degree in Aerospace Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC). He would eventually be awarded honorary doctorates by several universities. Armstrong met Janet Elizabeth Shearon, who was majoring in home economics, at a party hosted by Alpha Chi Omega. According to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290628\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Joseph A. Walker\",\n \"text\": \"Medal with seven oak leaf clusters. After World War II, Walker separated from the Army Air Force and joined the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory in Cleveland, Ohio, as an experimental physicist. While in Cleveland, Walker became a test pilot, and he conducted icing research in flight, as well as in the NACA icing wind tunnel. He transferred to the High-Speed Flight Research Station in Edwards, California, in 1951. Walker served for 15 years at the Edwards Flight Research Facility - now called the Neil A. Armstrong Flight Research Center. By the mid-1950s, he was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3332534\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"Wapakoneta airfield. He earned a student flight certificate on his sixteenth birthday, then soloed in August, all before he had a driver's license. He was active in the Boy Scouts and earned the rank of Eagle Scout. As an adult, he was recognized by the Boy Scouts of America with its Distinguished Eagle Scout Award and Silver Buffalo Award. On July 18, 1969, while flying toward the Moon, Armstrong greeted the Scouts. Among the few personal items that he carried with him to the Moon and back was a World Scout Badge. In 1947, at age 17, Armstrong began studying\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290618\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"earlier advice of Mission Control, they undocked, but the roll increased dramatically until they were turning about once per second, indicating a problem with Gemini's attitude control. Armstrong engaged the Reentry Control System (RCS) and turned off the OAMS. Mission rules dictated that once this system was turned on, the spacecraft had to reenter at the next possible opportunity. It was later thought that damaged wiring caused one of the thrusters to stick in the on position. A few people in the Astronaut Office, including Walter Cunningham, felt Armstrong and Scott \\\"had botched their first mission\\\". There was speculation that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290651\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"political parties, he declined the offers. He described his political leanings as favoring states' rights and opposing the United States acting as the \\\"world's policeman\\\". When Armstrong applied at a local Methodist church to lead a Boy Scout troop in the late 1950s, he gave his religious affiliation as \\\"deist\\\". His mother later said that Armstrong's religious views caused her grief and distress in later life, as she was more religious. In the early 1980s, Armstrong was the subject of a hoax saying that he converted to Islam after hearing the \\\"adhan\\\", the Muslim call to prayer, while walking on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290694\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"wheels became stuck and they had to wait for rescue. As Armstrong told the story, Yeager never tried to talk him out of it and they made a first successful landing on the east side of the lake. Then Yeager told him to try again, this time a bit slower. On the second landing, they became stuck, provoking Yeager to fits of laughter. On May 21, 1962, Armstrong was involved in the \\\"Nellis Affair\\\". He was sent in an F-104 to inspect Delamar Dry Lake in southern Nevada, again for emergency landings. He misjudged his altitude, and did not realize\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290639\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"would grant me leeway for dropping the syllable and understand that it was certainly intended, even if it was not said—although it might actually have been\\\". There have since been claims and counter-claims about whether acoustic analysis of the recording reveals the presence of the missing \\\"a\\\"; Peter Shann Ford, an Australian computer programmer, conducted a digital audio analysis and claims that Armstrong did say \\\"a man\\\", but the \\\"a\\\" was inaudible due to the limitations of communications technology of the time. Ford and James R. Hansen, Armstrong's authorized biographer, presented these findings to Armstrong and NASA representatives, who conducted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290674\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"the letters should be written by people who knew the scout. (In 2003, he received 950 congratulation requests.) This contributed to the myth of his reclusiveness. Armstrong's family described him as a \\\"reluctant American hero\\\". Recalling Armstrong's humility, John Glenn, the first American to orbit Earth, told CNN: \\\"[Armstrong] didn't feel that he should be out huckstering himself. He was a humble person, and that's the way he remained after his lunar flight, as well as before.\\\" Some former astronauts, including Glenn and Harrison Schmitt, sought political careers after leaving NASA; but although Armstrong was approached by groups from both\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290693\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"November 30, 1960, and July 26, 1962. He reached a top speed of Mach 5.74 () in the X-15-1, and left the Flight Research Center with a total of 2,400 flying hours. On April 24, 1962, Armstrong flew for the only time with Chuck Yeager. Their job, flying a T-33, was to evaluate Smith Ranch Dry Lake in Nevada for use as an emergency landing site for the X-15. In his autobiography, Yeager wrote that he knew the lake bed was unsuitable for landings after recent rains, but Armstrong insisted on flying out anyway. As they attempted a touch-and-go, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290638\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"X-1B. He flew the North American X-15 seven times, including the first flight with the Q-ball system, the first flight of the number 3 X-15 airframe, and the first flight of the MH-96 adaptive flight control system. He became an employee of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) when it was established on October 1, 1958, absorbing NACA. Armstrong was involved in several incidents that went down in Edwards folklore or were chronicled in the memoirs of colleagues. During his sixth X-15 flight on April 20, 1962, when Armstrong was testing the MH-96 control system, he flew to a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290635\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"September 13, 1962, and asked whether he would be interested in joining the NASA Astronaut Corps as part of what the press dubbed \\\"the New Nine\\\"; without hesitation, Armstrong said yes. The selections were kept secret until three days later, although newspaper reports had circulated since earlier that year that he would be selected as the \\\"first civilian astronaut\\\". Armstrong was one of two civilian pilots selected for this group; the other was Elliot See, another former naval aviator. NASA announced the selection of the second group at a press conference on September 17, 1962. Compared with the Mercury Seven\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290645\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"wife attended the memorial service for the victims of the Space Shuttle \\\"Columbia\\\" disaster in 2003, at the invitation of President George W. Bush. After Armstrong retired from NASA in 1971, he acted as a spokesman for several businesses. The first company to successfully approach him was Chrysler, for whom he appeared in advertising starting in January 1979. Armstrong thought they had a strong engineering division, and they were in financial difficulty. He later acted as a spokesman for other American companies, including General Time Corporation and the Bankers Association of America. He only acted as a spokesman for American\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290687\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Neil Armstrong\",\n \"text\": \"inside the Beltway are the ones that have the problems.\\\" Andrew Chaikin says in \\\"A Man on the Moon\\\" that Armstrong kept a low profile but was not a recluse, citing his participation in interviews, advertisements for Chrysler, and hosting a cable television series. Armstrong used to autograph everything except first day covers. Around 1993, he found out his signatures were being sold online, and that most of them were forgeries, and stopped giving autographs. For many years, he wrote letters congratulating new Eagle Scouts on their accomplishment, but decided to quit the practice in the 1990s because he felt\",\n \"psg_id\": \"290692\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["corean","koreans (disambiguation)","korean (disambiguation)","koreang","korean","korea'ng"],"string":"[\n \"corean\",\n \"koreans (disambiguation)\",\n \"korean (disambiguation)\",\n \"koreang\",\n \"korean\",\n \"korea'ng\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":91,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"nickelodeon was founded in 1979 by which company?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott","text":"remains unclear in light of Marriott's current relationship with Nickelodeon, which is limited to hosting weekend getaways at existing resorts. Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott was a proposed Nickelodeon-themed multi-resort to be developed by Viacom (owner of Nickelodeon), Miller Global Properties, LLC (resorts developer and owner - the company currently owns Nickelodeon Suites Resort), and Marriott International (resort operator). The first hotel was slated to open in 2010 at San Diego's Liberty Station. Six hundred fifty rooms were planned, a water park, and some attractions. This was to be the first of 20 resorts to be under","psg_id":"12280600"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Digital","text":"Nickelodeon Digital Nickelodeon Digital is an American animation studio based in New York City which opened in 1994. Nickelodeon Digital produces some of Nickelodeon's animated series and creates digital content and motion graphics for the Nickelodeon Group. The company's Burbank, California branch creates CGI and visual effects for Nickelodeon's animated series. Nickelodeon Creative Labs was founded in 1994 by Amy Friedman. The company produced motion graphics and short-form material for the Nickelodeon network, including the award-winning \"Short Films by Short People\" interstitial series. In 1996, Nickelodeon Creative Labs began producing the Nick Jr. series \"Blue's Clues\" in-house using Adobe After","psg_id":"15529505"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott","text":"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott was a proposed Nickelodeon-themed multi-resort to be developed by Viacom (owner of Nickelodeon), Miller Global Properties, LLC (resorts developer and owner - the company currently owns Nickelodeon Suites Resort), and Marriott International (resort operator). The first hotel was slated to open in 2010 at San Diego's Liberty Station. Six hundred fifty rooms were planned, a water park, and some attractions. This was to be the first of 20 resorts to be under construction by 2020. The project was cancelled in 2009 amid the Great Recession. The fate of the remaining 19 hotels","psg_id":"12280599"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Movies","text":"Nickelodeon Movies Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon. Founded in 1996, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996. It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects. Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures. The studio's highest-grossing films are \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \"The Adventures of Tintin\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \"\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide. In 1993, Nickelodeon forged a","psg_id":"4309108"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"Nickelodeon Nickelodeon (often shortened to Nick) is an American pay television channel launched on December 1, 1977 as the first cable channel for children. It is owned by Viacom through its Viacom Media Networks division's Nickelodeon Group unit and is based in New York City. It is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 2–17. The channel was originally first tested as Pinwheel on December 1, 1977. Pinwheel was at the time only available on QUBE, which was the first two-way major market interactive cable television system, owned by Warner Cable. Pinwheel relaunched as Nickelodeon on April 1, 1979, and","psg_id":"1360352"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Movies","text":"Nickelodeon Movies announced a reboot of the \"Rugrats\" film series, with a live-action/CGI hybrid film currently in development. Produced by Paramount Players and written by David A. Goodman, it is scheduled to be released on November 13, 2020. Nickelodeon Movies Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon. Founded in 1996, the company released its first film \"Harriet the Spy\" in 1996. It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects. Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.","psg_id":"4309140"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"founded in 1995, as a family entertainment arm of Paramount Pictures (owned by Nickelodeon corporate parent Viacom), which releases the studio's films. The first film released from the studio was the 1996 mystery/comedy \"Harriet the Spy\". Nickelodeon Movies has produced films based on Nickelodeon animated programs including \"The Rugrats Movie\" and \"The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie\", as well as other adaptations and original live-action and animated projects. Nickelodeon Magazine was a print magazine that was launched in 1993; the channel had previously published a short-lived magazine effort in 1990. \"Nickelodeon Magazine\" incorporated informative non-fiction pieces, humor (including pranks and parodical pieces),","psg_id":"1360377"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Digital","text":"Effects, Photoshop, and Power Macintosh computers. In October 1999, Nickelodeon Creative Labs relaunched as Nick Digital; it was now also producing \"Little Bill\", another Nick Jr. series. In December 2008, MTV Networks planned to shut down Nick Digital by the end of the year. The company ultimately stayed open, but a Nick Digital branch at Nickelodeon Animation Studio took over producing visual effects for Nickelodeon's animated series. In 2009, Nickelodeon launched Nickelodeon Creative Advertising, a creative agency which produces advertising for kids and families. Nickelodeon Digital Nickelodeon Digital is an American animation studio based in New York City which opened","psg_id":"15529506"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Turkey)","text":"much like Nickelodeon. On 1 July 2012, Nickelodeon HD launched. It became Turkey's first and, as of now, only HD kids channel. In 2017, The Loud House was banned by the Turkish government due to Luna Loud being a Lesbian. This happened after L Is for Love. The website still has services to stream. Nickelodeon (Turkey) Nickelodeon Turkey is a children's cable/satellite television channel which launched on 10 December 1997. Nickelodeon Turkey was launched on 10 December 1997 on cable by Turkish company RTV and timeshared with Discovery Channel Turkey. On 2001, Multi Channel Developers took over Nickelodeon's license, thus","psg_id":"13899165"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Turkey)","text":"Nickelodeon (Turkey) Nickelodeon Turkey is a children's cable/satellite television channel which launched on 10 December 1997. Nickelodeon Turkey was launched on 10 December 1997 on cable by Turkish company RTV and timeshared with Discovery Channel Turkey. On 2001, Multi Channel Developers took over Nickelodeon's license, thus making it a 24-hour channel. On 31 March 2010, Nickelodeon had a major rebrand with new idents and a new logo. On 22 May 2010, Nickelodeon and MTV Turkey were taken off of Digiturk, most likely due to misagreement issues. On 2 June 2010, Nickelodeon and MTV Turkey's websites were shut down, due to","psg_id":"13899163"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"putting them over rival companies such as HBO. Nickelodeon launched on April 1, 1979 (as the first ever all children's network) on Warner Cable's system in Buffalo, New York. It quickly expanded its audience reach, first to other Warner Cable systems across the country, and eventually to other cable providers. It was distributed via satellite on RCA Satcom-1, which went into orbit one week earlier on March 26 – originally transmitted on transponder space purchased from televangelists Jim and Tammy Faye Bakker. Despite its prior history on the QUBE system under the Pinwheel name, Nickelodeon has designated 1979 as the","psg_id":"13812359"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Toys","text":"Nickelodeon Toys This is a list of toys created by the popular children's television network Nickelodeon. A number of molding substances for children's play were created and sold by the American children's television channel Nickelodeon and toy company Mattel in the 1990s. Like most molding compounds, they could be kept in their container to retain plasticity, or molded and allowed to harden overnight. They featured a wide variety of compounds with different attributes. Nickelodeon's first compound, whose idea was first taken from the classic Nickelodeon show \"You Can't Do That on Television\". Nickelodeon Slime was first manufactured in the 1980s.","psg_id":"7085224"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"films produced by the network's Nickelodeon Movies film production division (whose films are distributed by sister company Paramount Pictures). Although the film division bears the Nickelodeon brand name, the channel does not have access to most of the movies produced by its film unit. Nickelodeon does have broadcast rights to most feature films based on or that served as the basis for original series produced by it (such as \"Barnyard: The Original Party Animals\"); the majority of the live-action feature films produced under the Nickelodeon Movies banner are licensed for broadcast by various free-to-air and pay television outlets within the","psg_id":"1360358"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Pakistan)","text":"network against any further violations. Nickelodeon (Pakistan) Nickelodeon Pakistan or Nick Pakistan is the Pakistani feed of Nickelodeon, which is operated by domestic media company ARY Group's Digital Network subsidiary under a brand licensing and programming agreement with Viacom International Media Networks. The network transmits over the AsiaSat 7 satellite to cable and satellite viewers in Pakistan, and features some portions of the schedule dubbed or subtitled in Urdu, along with some content directly imported from its Indian sister network (owned by Viacom 18). It also occasionally licenses Western market children's films. In 2005, the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority","psg_id":"12405624"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Pakistan)","text":"Nickelodeon (Pakistan) Nickelodeon Pakistan or Nick Pakistan is the Pakistani feed of Nickelodeon, which is operated by domestic media company ARY Group's Digital Network subsidiary under a brand licensing and programming agreement with Viacom International Media Networks. The network transmits over the AsiaSat 7 satellite to cable and satellite viewers in Pakistan, and features some portions of the schedule dubbed or subtitled in Urdu, along with some content directly imported from its Indian sister network (owned by Viacom 18). It also occasionally licenses Western market children's films. In 2005, the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority issued an order regarding the","psg_id":"12405619"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"History of Nickelodeon Nickelodeon is an American basic cable and satellite television network that is part of the Nickelodeon Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom, which focuses on programs aimed at children and teenagers; it has since expanded to include three spin-off digital cable and satellite networks in the United States, and international channels in six continents. Nickelodeon's history dates back to December 1, 1977, when QUBE, the first two-way major market interactive cable television system was launched in Columbus, Ohio by Warner Cable, the parent company of Dimension Pictures. One of the ten \"community\"","psg_id":"13812357"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"some new ones. Kings Island followed suit, closing their Splat City in 2000 and opening their \"Nickelodeon Central\" in 2001, which would later be expanded and renamed \"Nickelodeon Universe\" in 2006. In 2002, Australian theme park Dreamworld opened Nickelodeon Central. In 2003, \"Nickelodeon Central\" opened at California's Great America, Canada's Wonderland and Carowinds, and Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast opened in Universal Studios Florida. Expansions of these areas took place in 2005, 2006 and 2008 for Carowinds, Kings Island and Dreamworld, respectively. The Kings Island area was also renamed to \"Nickelodeon Universe\" at the same time. In 2007, Movie Park Germany","psg_id":"9346056"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"2009, Nickelodeon and Southern Star Amusements announced that it would build a second Nickelodeon Universe in New Orleans, Louisiana on the site of the former Six Flags New Orleans by the end of 2010, which was set to be the first outdoor Nickelodeon Universe theme park. On November 9, 2009, Nickelodeon announced that it had ended the licensing agreement with Southern Star Amusements. Nickelodeon Universe has a second location currently under construction at the American Dream Meadowlands complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, with a planned opening of some time in April 2019. All except three Nickelodeon-themed theme park areas","psg_id":"1360380"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"and WhiteWater World. On 7 June 1990, Universal Studios Florida opened with an attraction named Nickelodeon Studios. It was a television taping studio for the cable television channel, Nickelodeon. In 1995, \"Nickelodeon Splat City\" opened at three former Paramount Parks: California's Great America, Kings Dominion and Kings Island. These attractions were inspired by many of the game shows on the television network and generally involved slime. In 1999, Kings Dominion closed Nickelodeon Splat City in preparation for its 2000 attraction, Nickelodeon Central. \"Nickelodeon Central\" saw the retheme of many of the park's children's rides as well as the addition of","psg_id":"9346055"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Toys","text":"microphone. You also have the ability to type credits and e-mail your episodes to your friends. <br> Nickelodeon Toys This is a list of toys created by the popular children's television network Nickelodeon. A number of molding substances for children's play were created and sold by the American children's television channel Nickelodeon and toy company Mattel in the 1990s. Like most molding compounds, they could be kept in their container to retain plasticity, or molded and allowed to harden overnight. They featured a wide variety of compounds with different attributes. Nickelodeon's first compound, whose idea was first taken from the","psg_id":"7085242"},{"title":"Fast Company (1979 film)","text":"Fast Company (1979 film) Fast Company is a 1979 Canadian action film directed by David Cronenberg and starring William Smith, John Saxon, Claudia Jennings and Nicholas Campbell. It was written by Phil Savath, Courtney Smith, Alan Treen and Cronenberg. It was primarily filmed at Edmonton International Speedway, in addition to other locations in Edmonton, Alberta, and Western Canada. At a racetrack, aging drag racing star Lonnie \"Lucky Man\" Johnson (Smith) makes engine refinements to his car, which is sponsored by the international oil company Fast Company. On its first test run it blows up, but Lonnie escapes unhurt. Fast Co.","psg_id":"5670545"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Animation Studio","text":"given to Film Roman, as well as Everett Peck's \"Duckman\" which was produced by Nickelodeon's sister company Paramount Television and aired on USA Network in 1994 through 1997). In 1993, Nickelodeon greenlit its first fully original in-house series, \"Rocko's Modern Life\", produced by Games Animation with the partnership of Joe Murray Studio. Games worked on the show for three years and employed over 70 people during the course of its run. The show was canceled in 1996 by Nickelodeon due to its creator Joe Murray wanting to spend more time with his family. Following the cancellation, Games Animation produced the","psg_id":"6121756"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"name. It does not mean that the ride was closed and/or removed. Below is a list of all of the Nickelodeon-themed shows which have been shown at theme parks around the world. The dates shown in the columns refer to the opening and closing dates for the show. Some parks have multiple shows in the one theatre, hence overlapping dates. A variety of Nickelodeon costumed characters have been showcased alongside each individual theme park's attractions. Some were used for meet and greets with guests, others for shows and some in the Nickelodeon Celebration Parade (which toured the former Paramount Parks","psg_id":"9346059"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Animation Studio","text":"pilot of \"Hey Arnold!\", along with its first 26 episodes. In 1996, Albie Hecht, then-president of Film and TV Entertainment for Nickelodeon, met with Nickelodeon artists for a brainstorming session on the elements of their ideal studio, and, with their feedback (and some inspiration from the fabled Willy Wonka chocolate factory), created \"a playful, inspirational and cutting-edge lab which will hopefully give birth to the next generation of cartoon classics.\" He added, \"For me, this building is the physical manifestation of a personal dream, which is that when people think of cartoons, they'll say Nicktoons.\" Nickelodeon and parent company Viacom","psg_id":"6121757"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"opened a similar area entitled \"Nickland\". In 2007, it was announced that \"Nickelodeon Universe\" would be opening in Mall Of America in 2008, replacing \"Camp Snoopy\". In 2009 and 2010, Cedar Fair terminated their contract with Nickelodeon resulting in all of the areas being rethemed to \"Planet Snoopy\". In early 2011, at a cost of million, Pleasure Beach Blackpool opened \"Nickelodeon Land\". By mid-2011, Dreamworld had closed their \"Nickelodeon Central\" and rethemed it to the generic Kid's World theme (it was later revealed that the park had struck a deal with DreamWorks Animation). In 2012, Universal's Superstar Parade had its","psg_id":"9346057"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"also periodically acquires theatrically released feature films for broadcast on the channel including Universal's \"\", several Monster High films, and \"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Turtles Forever\" (which was later released by Nickelodeon Movies through Paramount for DVD release), with the Barbie and Monster High films usually aired under a brokered format in which Mattel purchases the time in order to promote the release of their films on DVD within a few days of the Nickelodeon premiere, an arrangement possible as Nickelodeon does not have to meet the Federal Communications Commission rules which disallow that arrangement for broadcast channels due to","psg_id":"1360360"},{"title":"Nickelodeon on CBS","text":"Nickelodeon on CBS Nick on CBS (also known as Nick Jr. on CBS) is a defunct American Saturday morning children's programming block that ran on CBS from September 16, 2000 to September 9, 2006. The block featured programming from Nickelodeon, which was a sister cable television property to CBS under Viacom for the majority of the block's run. In June 2000, a few months after Viacom (which CBS founded in 1952 as television syndication distributor CBS Films, Inc., and later spun off in 1971 after the then-recently implemented Financial Interest and Syndication Rules barred networks from holding financial interest in","psg_id":"7366476"},{"title":"Nickelodeon on CBS","text":"a new block the following weekend called \"KOL Secret Slumber Party\". Nickelodeon on CBS Nick on CBS (also known as Nick Jr. on CBS) is a defunct American Saturday morning children's programming block that ran on CBS from September 16, 2000 to September 9, 2006. The block featured programming from Nickelodeon, which was a sister cable television property to CBS under Viacom for the majority of the block's run. In June 2000, a few months after Viacom (which CBS founded in 1952 as television syndication distributor CBS Films, Inc., and later spun off in 1971 after the then-recently implemented Financial","psg_id":"7366482"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Streak","text":"area, which will have 14 rides (9 new, 5 re-themed). Nickelodeon Streak Nickelodeon Streak is a wooden out-and-back roller coaster at Blackpool Pleasure Beach, Blackpool, England. It was built in 1933 by Charles Paige and uses the lift hill and other parts of the former Velvet Coaster, which was removed in 1932. From 1933 to 2010 it was known simply as \"Roller Coaster\" however after Nickelodeon Land was announced the coaster was renamed and rethemed to \"Nickelodeon Streak\". Now removed, a train from the Velvet Coaster used to be preserved on show in the station of Roller Coaster. It is","psg_id":"11823457"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Animation Studio","text":"be confused with the original Nickelodeon Studios at Universal Studios Florida, which closed in 2005.) The studio also houses the Nickelodeon time capsule, first buried in Orlando, Florida in 1992 at the original Nickelodeon Studios and later at the Nickelodeon Suites Resort in 2006, which has moved to the new studio by the latter's closure and rebrand on June 1, 2016. The new studio opened on January 11, 2017. Nickelodeon Animation Studio Nickelodeon Animation Studio, also known in Burbank as Nickelodeon Studios Burbank, is an American animation studio owned and operated by Viacom through Nickelodeon producing many animated television series.","psg_id":"6121761"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"from 2004 to 2007). Keep in mind that this list also includes third-party characters who have been associated with Nickelodeon before. Nickelodeon in amusement parks Since the 1990s, \"Nickelodeon\", a worldwide children's television network and franchise, owned by Viacom, has had an involvement in the creation and theming of amusement parks rides. Several amusement parks have featured themed areas entirely devoted to the Nickelodeon brand whilst others have featured standalone attractions. Nickelodeon attractions currently exist at Movie Park Germany, Pleasure Beach Blackpool, Mall of America and Sea World, as well as a planned area at the upcoming American Dream Meadowlands.","psg_id":"9346060"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Guts","text":"Nickelodeon Guts Nickelodeon Guts (stylized as Nickelodeon GUTS) is an American television \"action sports\" competition series hosted by actor/writer Mike O'Malley and officiated by British actress Moira \"Mo\" Quirk. The series originally ran from 1992 to 1996 on Nickelodeon. Each episode features three young athletes competing against each other in four \"extreme\" versions of athletic events culminating in a fifth and final round which set the three competitors on a race up an artificial \"mountain\" called the Aggro Crag, Mega Crag, or Super Aggro Crag. \"Nickelodeon GUTS\" reruns were shown on Nickelodeon from January 15, 1996 until January 31, 1999","psg_id":"6568487"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Movies","text":"film to be nominated for an Academy Award. The success of the film spawned this film into a TV series, \"\", which aired on Nickelodeon from 2002 to 2006. On March 29, 2002, the studio released \"Clockstoppers\", a sci-fi action film, starring Jesse Bradford, Paula Garcés, and French Stewart. This film received negative reviews and was a minor box office success, only earning $36,989,956 in the United States and $38,793,283 worldwide. On June 28, 2002, Nickelodeon Movies released \"\", starring the series's original cast members and guest starring Paul Sorvino as Scheck, the CEO of a real estate company called","psg_id":"4309114"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Europe)","text":"which originally launched on Nickelodeon US in September, 2009. The roll-out of Nickelodeon's new global on-air, online and offline branding will take place throughout 2010 on all Nickelodeon channels worldwide (with exception to Nickelodeon US). Nickelodeon Europe picked up the new 2011 look from Nick USA in 2012. The first country to pick up the new bumpers was Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland). It first got random airings of these bumpers in October 2011 and they were fully used from 2 January 2012. Nickelodeon (Europe) Nickelodeon is a pay television network dedicated to kids. Nickelodeon is widely available throughout Europe as","psg_id":"12660114"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Central & Eastern Europe)","text":"late November, they are no longer Russian). Unlike other Nickelodeon feeds, the end credits on shows do not appear. They were replaced by short credits including the show name, production year and production company. In fall 2011 it was reported that Nickelodeon HD and Nick Jr. will launch in the Romania and Czech Republic. In October, the Czech version of Nickelodeon HD began testing on satellite and is currently encrypted. Nickelodeon HD is expanding in Romania, Hungary, Czech Republic, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Malta, Turkey, Russia, CIS, Slovakia, and Poland. On December 1, 2011, Nick Czech increased its video bitrate","psg_id":"14322444"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Denmark)","text":"Nickelodeon (Denmark) Nickelodeon is a Danish television channel targeting children. The channel was launched on 15 March 2008 with the launch of VH1 Denmark, where it was broadcast between 6:00 am and 12:00 pm. From 1996 to 2008, Denmark had been served by the pan-Nordic Nickelodeon Scandinavia. The Pan-Nordic channel continues to be available on satellite. VH1 stopped simulcasting Nickelodeon around New Year's Eve 2008/2009, which meant that the two channels had their own frequencies in analogue cable networks such as YouSee and Telia Stofa, where Nickelodeon would now be available between 6:00 am and 6:00 pm. On 1 September","psg_id":"13660769"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Magazine","text":"Shiga, R. Sikoryak, Jen Sorensen, Art Spiegelman, Jay Stephens, Wayno, Todd Webb, Drew Weing, Steve Weissman, Kurt Wolfgang, and Gahan Wilson. In addition, \"Nickelodeon Magazine\"'s Comic Book also featured comics from characters of the network's programming, which usually appeared just before a season premiere or special movie event for the property on the actual series. Among the Nicktoons that were featured in the Comic Book: Nickelodeon Comics, formally titled Nickelodeon Magazine Presents, was a series of one-shot special issues put out by \"Nickelodeon Magazine\". Each issue tied in with comics. \"Nickelodeon Comics\" mainly contained comics, either newly made stories or","psg_id":"5424577"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Portugal)","text":"In Portugal it was only available on specific NOS digital packages, but in the summer of 2014 it became free-to-air in all NOS digital packages during the season's holidays, with ratings climbing. It kept free-to-air, during the new school year and widely available across digital services from the company. It is unavailable in analog basic cable and rival platforms. In September 2014, it and MTV Portugal moved their headquarters to one of the Colombo towers in Lisbon. Nickelodeon (Portugal) Nickelodeon Portugal (formerly Nick Portugal) is a Portuguese digital cable and satellite television, which is the fourth Portuguese television network mostly","psg_id":"13259561"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Europe)","text":"that further launches of HD channels will occur across the continent in the next few years. In January 2010, Viacom International launched a global on-air identity campaign for its Nickelodeon channels worldwide (except Nickelodeon US, which adopted the new look identity 28 September 2009). The new look on air-identity debuted on Nickelodeon (France) 29 January 2010, Nickelodeon UK, and Nickelodeon Ireland on 15 February 2010, Nickelodeon (Poland) on 1 March, in Africa on 13 March 2010, and on Nickelodeon Netherlands, Germany, Nickelodeon Austria and Nickelodeon Switzerland on 31 March 2010. The new look design incorporates the newly designed Nickelodeon logo","psg_id":"12660113"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Streak","text":"Nickelodeon Streak Nickelodeon Streak is a wooden out-and-back roller coaster at Blackpool Pleasure Beach, Blackpool, England. It was built in 1933 by Charles Paige and uses the lift hill and other parts of the former Velvet Coaster, which was removed in 1932. From 1933 to 2010 it was known simply as \"Roller Coaster\" however after Nickelodeon Land was announced the coaster was renamed and rethemed to \"Nickelodeon Streak\". Now removed, a train from the Velvet Coaster used to be preserved on show in the station of Roller Coaster. It is currently the second tallest wooden coaster out of the four","psg_id":"11823455"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Toys","text":"a yellow wild screen appears, you can place a chip on any yellow space that doesn't already have a chip on it. The Nickelodeon DVD Bingo was released in 2006. Nickelodeon/Mattel's most popular compound; the idea was taken from the Nickelodeon show \"Double Dare\" and Wham-O's Super Stuff from the mid-1960s. The original edition was manufactured in 1992, and then re-issued in 1994 for the Nickelodeon Deluxe Gift Set which included one canister of Nickelodeon Gak and two canisters of Nickelodeon Floam. It was marketed on the fact that, unlike most of the compounds, it made a \"fart\" noise when","psg_id":"7085228"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Studios","text":"closed-set Nickelodeon on Sunset facility in Hollywood, California. In 2004, the studio got its new paint job. The final program taped was \"Nickelodeon Splat!\", which ran live from March 7, 2004, to August 17, 2004. The studio closed its doors on April 30, 2005. This was a result of Nickelodeon gradually moving its administration to the MTV Networks headquarters in Santa Monica, California and One Astor Plaza in New York City and its live-action production arm to the Nickelodeon on Sunset. A time capsule buried by the network in 1992 in front of Soundstage 18 was removed in August 2006","psg_id":"3707768"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Animation Studio","text":"foundations began with the creation of three original animated programs in 1991, \"Doug\", \"Rugrats\" and \"The Ren & Stimpy Show\". In 1992, Nickelodeon founded Games Animation to produce future animated endeavors including their first fully in-house series \"Rocko's Modern Life\". Games Animation produced much of the mid-1990s output of the network in partnership with notable companies like Frederator Studios. In 1998, the studio moved from Studio City, California to Burbank in celebration of a new facility and was renamed Nickelodeon Animation Studio. Aside from Nickelodeon and its sister channels, it also produced cartoon series for other Viacom related networks like","psg_id":"6121749"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks Since the 1990s, \"Nickelodeon\", a worldwide children's television network and franchise, owned by Viacom, has had an involvement in the creation and theming of amusement parks rides. Several amusement parks have featured themed areas entirely devoted to the Nickelodeon brand whilst others have featured standalone attractions. Nickelodeon attractions currently exist at Movie Park Germany, Pleasure Beach Blackpool, Mall of America and Sea World, as well as a planned area at the upcoming American Dream Meadowlands. Attractions previously existed at California's Great America, Canada's Wonderland, Carowinds, Dreamworld, Kings Dominion, Kings Island, Universal Studios Florida, Universal Studios Hollywood","psg_id":"9346054"},{"title":"Nickelodeon in amusement parks","text":"first performance which features floats based on \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" and \"Dora the Explorer\" and later opened a SpongeBob gift shop in Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone. In September 2016, it was announced that a new \"Nickelodeon Universe\" would open in the upcoming \"American Dream Meadowlands\" mall and entertainment complex owned by the Triple Five Group, who also own Mall Of America, with a projected opening of October 2019. Below is a list of all of the attractions at Nickelodeon themed areas around the world. The dates shown in the columns refer to the opening and closing dates for the ride under that","psg_id":"9346058"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"now closed: Nickelodeon Animation Studio (formerly Games Animation) is a production firm located in Burbank, California, which serves as the animation facilities for many of the network's Nicktoons series. It also houses the headquarters of the Nicktoons channel. Nickelodeon on Sunset is a studio complex in Hollywood, California, which serves the primary production facilities for Nickelodeon's series; the studio is designated by the National Register for Historic Places as a historical landmark as a result of its prior existence as the Earl Carroll Theater, a prominent dinner theater. It has served as the production facilities for several Nickelodeon series including","psg_id":"1360381"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Switzerland)","text":"Nickelodeon (Switzerland) Nickelodeon (Switzerland), known on-air only as Nickelodeon, is a television channel for kids in Switzerland, and part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Nickelodeon Switzerland started off as part of a programming block on Schweizer Fernsehen (now known as SF). The block aired between 8am till 5pm and would be pre-empted if sporting or breaking news events occurred. From 12pm till 1pm Nick ran live programming which was repeated at 4pm. The Nickelodeon Switzerland block ended on 26 September 2003. After five years of being on air SF decided to change their plans and create a new programming block","psg_id":"14378978"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Philippines)","text":"Nickelodeon (Philippines) Nickelodeon Philippines is a pay television channel that was launched on 1 April 2011 as a localised variant of American channel Nickelodeon, with programming aimed at children and teenagers. It is owned by Viacom International Media Networks Asia in partnership with All Youth Channels. Upon its launch, it replaced the Southeast Asian feed of Nickelodeon in the Philippines, which used to be distributed in the country since its launch in 1996. In October 11, 2006, Viacom's subsidiary MTV Networks Asia Pacific set up a new unit to manage Nickelodeon's southeast Asia operations. On April 1, 2011, MTV Networks","psg_id":"15416962"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"channels that were offered at no additional charge to QUBE subscribers was C-3, which exclusively carried Pinwheel each day from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The channel was developed by Dr. Vivian Horner, who worked as director of research on the PBS series \"The Electric Company\" and included \"Pinwheel\" (one of Nickelodeon's earliest series, which spun off from the C-3 service). Nickelodeon was originally used as a loss leader for then-parent company Warner Cable. As the company saw it, having a commercial-free children's channel would prove useful in franchising its cable systems across the country, with that advantage","psg_id":"13812358"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Studios","text":"Nickelodeon had with Universal, but was leased separately for the time of their productions on it. While Nickelodeon Studios was in production, there were many orange benches scattered around the facility, incorporating shapes like a footprint, carrot, finger, cruise ship, wave, cloud, etc., reflecting the network's station IDs. Some of these benches were moved to the \"Control Room\" at Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast, which closed in 2011. A gift shop was also located near the Slime Geyser, featuring Nickelodeon characters on the front of the building. In 1998, Nickelodeon opened two new studios in California, Nickelodeon On Sunset, (Live Action","psg_id":"3707766"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Greece)","text":"\"Restis Enterprises\" was involved in launching Nickelodeon in Greece. Nickelodeon was originally a block on Channel 9 from 2001 to 2008. Series which are viewable only on Nickelodeon.gr Nickelodeon (Greece) Nickelodeon Greece is the Greek kids' TV version of Nickelodeon. It launched on 3 September 2010. It was available free-to-air in the Athens area on 35 UHF signal broadcast from Hymettus, before the analog switch off on 20 July 2012, but it is available through the \"Digea\" DVB-T2 digital consortium on 54 UHF signal broadcast from Aegina, Hymettus and Parnitha. It also broadcasts in Thessaloniki and its surrounding areas through","psg_id":"14816536"},{"title":"Fast Company (1979 film)","text":"non-psychological B-movie - remains an anomaly in Cronenberg's filmography, it has never lost its place in the affections of its director, who is an enthusiast of cars and their machinery (\"which I get very metaphysical and boring about\") and sometime racer. This was the final film for Claudia Jennings before she was killed in a car accident later that year, several months after the film's release. \"Fast Company\" received generally positive reviews. It holds an 88% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 6.6/10. Fast Company (1979 film) Fast Company is a 1979 Canadian action film directed","psg_id":"5670555"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"year of the channel's official launch. Initial programming on Nickelodeon included \"Video Comic Book\", \"Pinwheel\" (which was reformatted as a daily hour-long series that ran in a three- to five-hour block format, and was a precursor to the Nick Jr. block that replaced it in 1988), \"America Goes Bananaz\", \"Nickel Flicks\", and \"By the Way\". The network's original logo incorporated a man looking into a Nickelodeon machine that was placed in the \"N\" in the wordmark; this was replaced the following year by another wordmark with the \"Nickelodeon\" text in Pinwheel's logo typeface. As Nickelodeon originally operated as a commercial-free","psg_id":"13812360"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Sweden)","text":"Nickelodeon received a license to broadcast between 5 a.m. and 7 p.m. on the terrestrial network. On 18 June 2008 the dedicated Swedish version of Nickelodeon was launched with a separate schedule. The new channel broadcasts between 5 a.m. and 7 p.m. on most digital pay television platforms. Unlike the Pan-Scandinavian channel, which was broadcast from the UK, the Swedish version is broadcast from the Netherlands. Since September 2013, Nickelodeon Sweden started to use the new Idents from Nickelodeon USA and Nickelodeon UK & Ireland. The channel used to share frequency space with Comedy Central Sweden since the launch of","psg_id":"12197292"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Party Blast","text":"Nickelodeon Party Blast Nickelodeon Party Blast is a party game developed by English developer Data Design Interactive and published by French game company Infogrames. \"Party Blast\" was released for Xbox in North America on October 30, 2002, and later in PAL regions on December 6, 2002. The Windows version was released in one day later after the release of the Xbox version in North America. The GameCube version was released worldwide on December 6, 2002. A PlayStation 2 version of the game was planned, but it was cancelled. The game features characters from Nicktoons, including \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", \"Rugrats\", \"\", \"Invader","psg_id":"8734789"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"with Pizza Hut, which provided a new kid-targeted publication \"Nickelodeon Magazine\" for free at the chain's participating restaurants. On August 11, 1991, Nickelodeon debuted its first original animated series – \"Doug\", \"Rugrats\", and \"The Ren & Stimpy Show\" – under the Nicktoons banner. The development of these programs was a reversal of the network's previous concerns, as Nickelodeon had previously refused to produce weekly animated series due to the high production costs. The three series found success by 1993, resulting in the creation of the network's fourth Nicktoon, \"Rocko's Modern Life\", which also became a success. Later, Nickelodeon partnered with","psg_id":"13812370"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (India)","text":"Nickelodeon (India) Nickelodeon India is an Indian children's pay television network based in Mumbai. It is the Indian equivalent to the original American network and is owned by Viacom 18, a joint venture between Viacom and TV18. Nick India is available in four languages: Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. Nickelodeon India was launched on 16 October 1999 and was initially picked up by Zee TV. Zee TV launched a Nickelodeon-branded programming block as part of a distribution deal between Viacom International and Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was replaced by the Cartoon Network block in 2002. In 2004 Viacom revamped Nickelodeon","psg_id":"16448040"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Studios","text":"pattern), two slime spills by the exterior staircase and bathrooms (albeit painted blue), and the elevator door by the former Game Lab exit. Nickelodeon Studios Nickelodeon Studios was a television taping studio as well as an original family attraction at Universal Studios Florida, which opened on June 7, 1990. The studios closed permanently on April 30, 2005. In November 1988, Nickelodeon joined the Universal Studios Florida team to make its first production studio. In spring 1989, they filmed its first show there, \"Super Sloppy Double Dare\". On June 7, 1990, the studio (along with the park) officially opened. There was","psg_id":"3707776"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Philippines)","text":"timeslot and will be replaced by live-action shows and miscellaneous NickToons programs. This lineup will double the TeenNick block which only runs in the evening and other animated shows that only airs once a day. In 2012, Nickelodeon uses new graphics used in the US and UK, however it only applies to selected programs' promos and station IDs. The former Nick-Asia graphics is still used. In 2013, Nickelodeon Philippines introduced Hapon Hangout, A Nickelodeon hour special that starts at 4:00pm to 6:30pm every weekdays. On July 17, 2017, the channel was rebranded into the US version. It was made by","psg_id":"15416966"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Germany)","text":"Nickelodeon closed on 31 May 1998. Nickelodeon soon thereafter struck a deal with RTL's owner the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion to broadcast their programming on RTL's own children's channel, Super RTL (which, ironically, was a joint venture between RTL and Disney) in addition to a weekend morning Nicktoons block on the main RTL channel. After VH-1 Germany shut down in 2001 (and was replaced by a pan-European feed on a separate channel), it was replaced with MTV2 Pop. On 7 April 2005 it was announced that on 12 September 2005 Nickelodeon Germany will be reactivate under the name Nick as","psg_id":"10148545"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Studios","text":"Studio) & Nickelodeon Animation Studios. Nickelodeon shifted away from live-action shows towards focusing on animation reducing the need for a television studio. In 1999 besides Figure It Out's final Season and other shows that aired, no new shows were made and filmed at the Orlando location. By the summer of 2001, Nickelodeon Studios had fewer than 100 employees, and begun to see a steady decline in visitors as Nickelodeon's live-action productions began to transition from game and stunt shows with audience participation to traditional sitcoms, many of which required closed-set production. The majority of Nickelodeon production had moved to the","psg_id":"3707767"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Europe)","text":"Nickelodeon (Europe) Nickelodeon is a pay television network dedicated to kids. Nickelodeon is widely available throughout Europe as a subscription service or free-to-air service; depending on what region in Europe you are living in. Nickelodeon is seen in 24.2 million households throughout Europe, via channels and blocks. Nickelodeon is operated by Viacom International Media Networks Europe on behalf of its owner Viacom. Nickelodeon first launched in Europe in the United Kingdom in 1993, following this Nickelodeon subsequently launched a pan-European version of the channel and other local Nickelodeon channels. The Pan-European version, known as Nickelodeon airs a selection of programming","psg_id":"12660111"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Toys","text":"Smatter is that the compound doesn't grow. A modeling compound that was like Play-Doh but had a more Marshmallow-like feel. It was sold in sets with Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. characters like SpongeBob and Blue's Clues. The squeezable pouch that Skweeez was packaged in had a zipper on the top so that it could be used again. A Nickelodeon and Flying Colors/Jakks Pacific compound that was released in 2004. Splish Splat was also highly similar to Nickelodeon Gak,which was released in the years prior. Splish Splat! was also a tie in to the Nickelodeon game show airing at the time,","psg_id":"7085237"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Scandinavia)","text":"and 1 p.m. A few years later, it switched to another transponder, allowing it to broadcast between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. Nickelodeon joined the Swedish terrestrial network in 2001 and the Finnish terrestrial network on 1 September 2007. On 18 June 2008, a separate channel for Sweden was launched. Nickelodeon Sweden replaced the pan-Nordic channel in all of Sweden. The pan-Nordic does however continue to be available in Denmark, Finland and Norway. A Danish version, Nickelodeon Denmark, was launched in March 2008. It was launched with VH1 Denmark, which aired Nickelodeon for six hours in the morning. The Pan-Nordic","psg_id":"6976393"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Brazil)","text":"for the channel, but a significant increase in viewers, 0.950 million. Nickelodeon (Brazil) Nickelodeon Brazil () is a cable and satellite television channel, the Brazilian counterpart of the American network Nickelodeon. Nickelodeon Brazil was launched on December 20, 1996 in Brazil as a children-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched 3 years before. On February 13, 2006, Nick at Nite was launched in Brazil, and aired on weeknights from 10 pm to 6 am, and on May 15 of the same year, it debuted the first original sitcom, \"Skimo\". On June 9, 2008, the channel","psg_id":"14450280"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Brazil)","text":"Nickelodeon (Brazil) Nickelodeon Brazil () is a cable and satellite television channel, the Brazilian counterpart of the American network Nickelodeon. Nickelodeon Brazil was launched on December 20, 1996 in Brazil as a children-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched 3 years before. On February 13, 2006, Nick at Nite was launched in Brazil, and aired on weeknights from 10 pm to 6 am, and on May 15 of the same year, it debuted the first original sitcom, \"Skimo\". On June 9, 2008, the channel launched \"Nickers\", a live-action show with two hosts introducing shows and","psg_id":"14450276"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Canada)","text":"Nickelodeon (Canada) Nickelodeon is a Canadian English-language discretionary service based on the U.S subscription network of the same name owned by Corus Entertainment under a brand licensing agreement with Viacom. As with all of its sister networks throughout the world, Nickelodeon airs programs aimed at children and young teenagers. YTV and Treehouse TV, have also carried Nickelodeon programs for many years, under output agreements with Viacom. Nickelodeon is one of two Viacom-branded networks owned by Corus; CMT is jointly owned by the two companies. In September 2008, Corus Entertainment was given approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC)","psg_id":"13852816"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Party Blast","text":"race each other and see who has the most coins and mess up with items and more. Clam bonus stages are bonus stages where each different stage lets players play 4 different games to win or lose. At the end there is also a Gooze Squirter stage where you squirt goo to Nicktoons characters and the person who goozes the most is the winner of the game and then goes back to the main menu. \"Nickelodeon Party Blast\" was developed by English developer Data Design Interactive and published by French game company Infogrames. \"Nickelodeon Party Blast\" was first shown at","psg_id":"8734792"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Arabia","text":"time, in either their English or Arabic formats. There were even several series yet to debut on Nickelodeon Arabia, with exception of \"The Fairly OddParents\", which apparently already settled on the Middle Eastern Disney Channel. Although Fairly OddParent characters did appear in activity segments from Nickelodeon Magazine cutouts. Like most Arab channels, Nickelodeon did feature censorship, but this is by far limited to simply scenes of French kissing, although any mention of said kisses are retained. This was similar to the censorship on MTV Arabia, but after the relaunch, there is no censorship. \"Catch Match\" (كاتش ماتش) was an original","psg_id":"12255884"},{"title":"Mon Nickelodeon Junior","text":"Mon Nickelodeon Junior Mon Nickelodeon Junior \"(My Nickelodeon Junior)\" is a French edutainment TV channel which is customizable by parents and has no advertisements. The channel adapts to the preferences to each child and is exclusive to CanalSat subscribers only via SFR Evolution, Orange and Free. Mon Nickelodeon Junior is the first edutainment TV channel entirely customizable by parents and without advertising, which adapts to the preferences of each child. This is a unique broadcast TV experience in the world for unique children to learn while having fun. Parents can create a chain effect for their child, according to their","psg_id":"17925201"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"production, and CBS Television Distribution for production of first-run syndicated programs and off-network series distribution), advertising firm Viacom Outdoor (which was renamed CBS Outdoor), Simon & Schuster, and Paramount Parks (which was later sold). Nickelodeon Studios closed down in 2005 and was converted into the Blue Man Group Sharp Aquos Theatre in 2007; Nickelodeon now tapes its live-action series at the Nickelodeon on Sunset studios (formerly the Earl Carroll Theatre) in Hollywood, California as well as other studio facilities in Hollywood and other locations. In 2005, Nickelodeon premiered the animated series \"\", which became a hit series for the network.","psg_id":"13812381"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Canada)","text":"broadcast. On the day of the channel's launch, Discovery Kids (which Corus also owned) was shut down and replaced by Nickelodeon on most cable and satellite providers after the final episode of \"Aquateam\" ended. Because it is legally a distinct service, cable and satellite companies had to reach new agreements with Corus in order to carry Nickelodeon, as Discovery Kids operated under a different license. On April 9, 2013, Telus Optik TV launched Nickelodeon HD, a high definition simulcast of the standard definition feed. It was later launched on June 25, 2013 for Rogers Cable and added to Bell Fibe","psg_id":"13852818"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Studios","text":"Nickelodeon Studios Nickelodeon Studios was a television taping studio as well as an original family attraction at Universal Studios Florida, which opened on June 7, 1990. The studios closed permanently on April 30, 2005. In November 1988, Nickelodeon joined the Universal Studios Florida team to make its first production studio. In spring 1989, they filmed its first show there, \"Super Sloppy Double Dare\". On June 7, 1990, the studio (along with the park) officially opened. There was a 3 hour opening day ceremony party broadcast live on Nickelodeon, with Marc Summers as the master of ceremonies for the event that","psg_id":"3707763"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Teen","text":"Nickelodeon Teen Nickelodeon Teen (formerly Nickelodeon 4Teen) is a French television channel owned by MTV Networks France. It is the French version of the American channel TeenNick. Although, like it's French sister channels, the Nickelodeon is extended and is not in front of the word 'Teen'. On November 16, 2014, Viacom announced that the channel Nickelodeon 4Teen would launch on November 19, 2014 at 18:00. The channel primarily targets at teenagers between 13 and 17 years. On August 26, 2017, Nickelodeon 4Teen became Nickelodeon Teen. Nickelodeon Teen is broadcast in standard definition and high definition. Satellite is broadcast in high","psg_id":"19420203"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland)","text":"which are awarded each year by Nickelodeon presenters as continuity during the airing of the American ceremony on a one-day delay. Nickelodeon Land is a section of the Blackpool Pleasure Beach resort in Blackpool which is a six-acre section of the park featuring themed Nickelodeon attractions and souvenirs. The Nickelodeon Land section of the park in opened April 2011. Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland) Nickelodeon is a British pay television network focused on kids programming, it is operated under a joint venture between Viacom International Media Networks Europe and Sky. On 1 September 1993, a localised version of the US channel","psg_id":"6032181"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"offered on satellite providers, unbranded. Nick.com is Nickelodeon's main website, which launched in October 1995 as a component of America Online's Kids Only channel before eventually moving to the full World Wide Web. It provides content, as well as video clips and full episodes of Nickelodeon series available for streaming. The website's popularity grew to the point where in March 1999, Nick.com became the highest rated website among children aged 6–14 years old. Nickelodeon used the website in conjunction with television programs which increased traffic. In 2001, Nickelodeon partnered with Networks Inc. to provide broadband video games for rent from","psg_id":"1360375"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Movies","text":"2-year contract with 20th Century Fox to make feature films. The joint venture would mostly produce new material, though a Nickelodeon executive did not rule out the possibility of making films based on \"The Ren & Stimpy Show\", \"Rugrats\" and \"Doug\". But none of the movies were produced due to the 1994 acquisition of Paramount Pictures by Nickelodeon's parent company, Viacom, and they would distribute the movies instead. The Nickelodeon version of the \"Doug\" film would not be made due to the 1996 sale of the show's production studio, Jumbo Pictures to Disney and that show's move to ABC, but","psg_id":"4309109"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Philippines)","text":"Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Polynesia. Nickelodeon Philippines, Nickelodeon Pakistan, and Nickelodeon India started working independently. They started their new website in 2003. On March 15, 2010, Nickelodeon revamped their logo same as the United States and worldwide and started broadcasting newer Nickelodeon shows from the United States that represents the new Nickelodeon logo and airs latest episodes of current Nick shows. On April 1, 2011, the Nickelodeon Asia feed was replaced with a dedicated Filipino Nickelodeon channel, although it will still use the Nick-Asia branding used in other countries. On April 11, 2011, the lineup was changed prior to","psg_id":"15416964"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Rewind","text":"Network division of CTVglobemedia. In 2008, Nickelodeon struck a deal with Amazon.com to sell exclusive DVD sets which included various shows under the Nickelodeon name, including \"Doug\", \"Rugrats\", \"Rocko's Modern Life\", and \"Hey Arnold!\". These DVDs were widely criticized for being nothing more than DVD-R's that were burned to order, leading to a prohibitive cost, pricing many out of purchasing them. However, the prices for many of these DVDs were eventually reduced in 2014. In 2011, Nickelodeon reached a deal with Shout! Factory to release digitally remastered versions of classic Nickelodeon shows on traditional DVD, including Nickelodeon sitcoms and animated","psg_id":"6934717"},{"title":"History of Nickelodeon","text":"12, 2010, the network reached an agreement with Haim Saban to obtain rights to broadcast new episodes of \"Power Rangers\" (after Saban had repurchased rights to the franchise from The Walt Disney Company earlier that month). The network began airing the series starting with the February 7, 2011 debut of its 18th season, \"Power Rangers Samurai\"; as part of the deal, Nickelodeon also acquired the rights to all 700 episodes of the series produced prior to then for broadcast on sister network Nicktoons, which began airing the series later that year. On January 1, 2011, Nickelodeon debuted \"House of Anubis\",","psg_id":"13812389"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Africa)","text":"website as Nickelodeon. In June 2017, the Kenya Film Classification Board (KCFB), headed by CEO Ezekiel Mutua, ordered a ban on six cartoons airing on Cartoon Network Africa, Nickelodeon Africa and Nicktoons Africa for allegedly promoting LGBT themes to minors. The shows affected are the currently-running Cartoon Network shows \"Adventure Time\", \"Clarence\" and \"Steven Universe\", in addition to the already-ended Nickelodeon shows \"Hey Arnold!\" and \"The Legend of Korra\", and the currently-running Nickelodeon cartoon \"The Loud House\". List Of Programmes Broadcast By Nickelodeon Africa Formerly Broadcast Since 2018, Nickelodeon Africa has received new bumpers, promos and adverts since March 2018","psg_id":"14322450"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Arabia","text":"programme for Nickelodeon Arabia that was renewed every holy month of Ramadan. It was a kids' game show that had two opposing teams compete in a variety of physical challenges to gain the most points. This show was hosted by the announcer Taj Aser, and was filmed on location in Jeddah. \"Shoof Kids\" was an original show that featured home-made videos sent in by viewers. Nickelodeon Arabia Nickelodeon Arabia is an Arab pay television channel for kids, teens and adults that is exclusively available on Emirati satellite provider OSN. It is the official Arabic-localised variant of Nickelodeon and until 2011,","psg_id":"12255885"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Philippines)","text":"Beat Band\", \"\" and \"T.U.F.F. Puppy\". Original Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. titles still remains in the channel. The Loud House's Chinese dub available in Malaysia and Singapore via SAP (Second Audio). Programming in Nickelodeon Philippines also in Southeast Asia has often been segmented into blocks. Nickelodeon (Philippines) Nickelodeon Philippines is a pay television channel that was launched on 1 April 2011 as a localised variant of American channel Nickelodeon, with programming aimed at children and teenagers. It is owned by Viacom International Media Networks Asia in partnership with All Youth Channels. Upon its launch, it replaced the Southeast Asian feed","psg_id":"15416975"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Sweden)","text":"aimed an older audience used to be broadcast in English with Swedish subtitles, but they are broadcast in Swedish dub these days. The Nicktoon \"The Fairly OddParents\" is broadcast on Disney Channel and Nickelodeon (as of Spring 2009). Nickelodeon (Sweden) Nickelodeon Sweden () is a children's channel broadcasting to Sweden. Nickelodeon is the most popular commercial children's television channel in Sweden. SVTB is by far the most popular none commercial channel, while Disney Channel is a strong second. Nickelodeon has been available in Sweden since 1996 when a pan-Scandinavian version was launched on the analogue Viasat platform. Since 2001, it","psg_id":"12197294"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"Nick.com; the move was a further step in the multimedia direction that the developers wanted to take the website. Skagerlind indicated that over 50% of Nick.com's audience were using a high speed connection, which allowed them to expand the gaming and video streaming options on the website. Nickelodeon released a free mobile app for smartphones and tablet computers operating on the Apple and Android platforms in February 2013. Like Nick.com, a TV Everywhere login code provided by participating subscription providers is required to view individual episodes of the network's series. Nickelodeon Movies is a motion picture production unit that was","psg_id":"1360376"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Teen","text":"definition only by the Canalsat bouquet and also broadcast in SD and HD by Canalsat ADSL/Fibre. The channel is also available on Numericable bouquet in HD. Nickelodeon Teen Nickelodeon Teen (formerly Nickelodeon 4Teen) is a French television channel owned by MTV Networks France. It is the French version of the American channel TeenNick. Although, like it's French sister channels, the Nickelodeon is extended and is not in front of the word 'Teen'. On November 16, 2014, Viacom announced that the channel Nickelodeon 4Teen would launch on November 19, 2014 at 18:00. The channel primarily targets at teenagers between 13 and","psg_id":"19420204"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Philippines)","text":"TV5's programming. \"Yo Gabba Gabba!\", also a Nickelodeon production, was the only Nick program retained by TV5 after losing its rights to ABS-CBN. Although produced by Nickelodeon, it wasn't dubbed to Filipino as the contract have been already expired. \"SpongeBob SquarePants\" was also aired on Q (now GMA News TV) weekday mornings until February 18, 2011 when the network was discontinued. It wasn't dubbed in Filipino either. ABS-CBN launched \"Nick Time\" (later Nickelodeon on ABS-CBN) on July 26, 2010 at under their \"Team Animazing\" timeblock. Nickelodeon shows such as \"Dora the Explorer\", \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", \"The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron\", and","psg_id":"15416970"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Germany)","text":"Nickelodeon (Germany) Nickelodeon Germany is a German free-to-air television channel in Germany, part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Launched in 2005, Nickelodeon is based in Berlin. The channel is available on subscription services and as an unscrambled, free-to-air (FTA) satellite signal. On 31 March 2010, the channel adopted the name Nickelodeon on-air and online, in addition to the new Nickelodeon logo and graphical package being rolled out internationally at the time. Since then, the channel is also broadcast in English in addition to German on a secondary audio track. The original version of Nickelodeon was launched on 5 July 1995","psg_id":"10148543"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Launch Box","text":"Nickelodeon Launch Box Nickelodeon Launch Box is an educational television series that was produced jointly by Nickelodeon and NASA. It was meant to teach kids about space travel technology. As part of the Cable in the Classroom service, the show was intended to be taped by teachers and shown in the classroom. Each episode also included a teachers portion before and after where ideas for lessons and other aides were discussed. The show was taped before a live studio audience at Nickelodeon Studios and made use of many sets for Nickelodeon shows such as \"What Would You Do?\" and \"Double","psg_id":"7479234"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Croatia)","text":"4:00PM Nick Jr. is a programming block on Nickelodeon that airs pre school content. Nickelodeon (Croatia) Nickelodeon Croatia is a Croatian cable and digital satellite television network dedicated to kids. It was launched in December 2011. The channel broadcasts 24 hours a day. All animated and live-action shows are dubbed into the Croatian language. Dubs are made by NET studio. The channel is served by the Pan-European feed. The channel is completely dubbed into Croatian. The dubs are made by NET studio. This programming block starts every Sunday at 4:45PM and airs special episodes and nickelodeon movies. This programming block","psg_id":"14546211"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Rewind","text":"Nickelodeon Rewind Nickelodeon Rewind is a spin-off brand of Nickelodeon consisting of DVDs, digital downloads, television blocks, T-shirts, and other merchandise having to do with programs formerly aired on the channel. Beginning in June 2010, Nickelodeon Rewind was featured as a part of Comcast On Demand programming, with a lineup that features Nicktoons that aired in the 1990s. Select episodes of \"The Angry Beavers\", \"Hey Arnold!\", \"Rugrats\", and \"Doug\", were available until December 31, 2010. Nickelodeon Rewind was originally a collection of DVDs and merchandise that featured \"classic\" Nickelodeon television shows such as \"Clarissa Explains It All\", \"The Adventures of","psg_id":"6934713"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Nickelodeon launched on April 1, 1979, initially distributed to Warner Cable systems via satellite on the RCA Satcom-1 transponder. Originally commercial-free, advertising was introduced in January 1984. Nickelodeon's schedule currently consists largely of original series aimed at children, pre-teens and young teenagers, including animated series (such as \"SpongeBob SquarePants\", \"ALVINNN!!! and the Chipmunks\", \"The Loud House\", \"Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\", and \"The Adventures of Kid Danger\"), to live-action comedy and action series (such as \"Power Rangers Ninja Steel\", \"The Thundermans\", \"Henry Danger\", \"Game Shakers\", \"School of Rock\", along with the month-long","psg_id":"1360354"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Latin America)","text":"Nickelodeon (Latin America) Nickelodeon is a Latin American pay television channel, counterpart of the American network of the same name. It is oriented to the It is owned by Viacom and was launched on 20 December 1996. It includes shows like Skimo and the hit teen drama Isa TKM and its successor Isa TK+. Nickelodeon is divided into four regional feeds: three (North, Central and South) in Spanish, and one (Brazil) in Portuguese. The channel was launched on 20 December 1996 in Latin America as a cartoon-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched three years","psg_id":"10722742"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Portugal)","text":"Nickelodeon (Portugal) Nickelodeon Portugal (formerly Nick Portugal) is a Portuguese digital cable and satellite television, which is the fourth Portuguese television network mostly for children and teens. The network launched on June 1, 2005. Initially, Nickelodeon Portugal relayed the Central European feed with a Portuguese audio track and partial local breaks. This changed on September 1, 2009, when the feed source changed to the Spanish feed. On April 1, 2010, Nickelodeon adopted the new typographical logo that is currently being used on the network in other countries around the world. The channel has been broadcasting in since 22 November 2012.","psg_id":"13259560"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"2002, and was spun off into a standalone channel on December 31, 2007, when it took over the satellite transponder of Nickelodeon Games and Sports. On September 28, 2009, the network was rebranded as TeenNick, named after the former TEENick block that aired on Nickelodeon from July 2000 to February 2009. Although TeenNick has more relaxed program standards than the other Nickelodeon channels (save for Nick at Nite and the Nickmom block on Nick Jr.) – allowing for moderate profanity, suggestive dialogue and some violent content – the network has shifted its lineup almost exclusively towards current and former Nickelodeon","psg_id":"1360366"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Rewind","text":"allegedly stated that Nick GAS would be replaced with a television channel called Nickelodeon Rewind around 2008. However, the channel was replaced with The N when it shut down on December 31, 2007. There has not been any news about it ever since and was possibly scrapped due to budget issues. Several years later, in September 2015, Nickelodeon teased a new block called The Splat, which would exclusively play 1990s and early 2000s Nickelodeon shows. Because details were vague, it was widely speculated that The Splat (now NickSplat) would be a separate network, replacing either TeenNick or Nicktoons. These rumors","psg_id":"6934720"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (South Korea)","text":"Nickelodeon began on August 1, 2005, before the formal launch in late 2005. This was a result of a deal between On-Media (then owned by Orion Group) and MTV Networks Asia. The channel was initially branded as Nick, and was exclusively available on cable TV providers. A Nickelodeon-branded programming block was also launched on On-Media's Tooniverse around that time. In around November 2008, the channel became a subsidiary of C&M Communication, along with MTV, when On-Media sold a percentage of its shares in On Music Network (which later became MTV Networks Korea). But a Nickelodeon block on Tooniverse continued to","psg_id":"13833698"},{"title":"Nickelodeon Universe","text":"Nickelodeon Universe Nickelodeon Universe (originally Knott's Camp Snoopy, later known as The Park at MOA) is the seven-acre (28,000 m²) indoor amusement park in the center of the Mall of America (MOA), in Bloomington, Minnesota, USA & at American Dream Meadowlands in East Rutherford NJ (Opening in April 2019) On August 18, 2009, Nickelodeon and Southern Star Amusement announced that the second Nickelodeon Universe would be in New Orleans, Louisiana and tentatively would open around the end of 2010. It was set to be the first outdoor Nickelodeon Universe theme park, but on November 9, 2009, Nickelodeon announced that it","psg_id":"1975357"},{"title":"Nickelodeon (Germany)","text":"December 2007 as Nick Premium. In 2009, Nickelodeon announced that Nick Premium would be rebranded as Nicktoons. The channel airs animated programs from Nickelodeon. Nick Jr. is a channel that broadcasts to younger kids. The channel was launched on 12 September 2005 as a block and on 31 March 2009 as a channel. Before the channel launched, some programs were broadcast on Super RTL and Disney Channel. Shown with their German titles in brackets. Nickelodeon (Germany) Nickelodeon Germany is a German free-to-air television channel in Germany, part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Launched in 2005, Nickelodeon is based in Berlin.","psg_id":"10148550"},{"title":"Nickelodeon","text":"network ventured into scripted originals with the 2010 debut of \"Hot in Cleveland\". On December 17, 2006, Viacom's MTV Networks Kids & Family Group division took over operational responsibilities for TV Land from Nick at Nite (concurrent with Nickelodeon taking operational duties for Nick at Nite), though TV Land continues to be operated as part of the company's Viacom Media Networks unit. Nickelodeon Games and Sports for Kids (commonly branded as Nickelodeon GAS or Nick GAS), was a pay television network that launched on March 1, 1999, as part of the suite of high-tier channels launched by MTV Networks. It","psg_id":"1360369"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott\",\n \"text\": \"remains unclear in light of Marriott's current relationship with Nickelodeon, which is limited to hosting weekend getaways at existing resorts. Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott was a proposed Nickelodeon-themed multi-resort to be developed by Viacom (owner of Nickelodeon), Miller Global Properties, LLC (resorts developer and owner - the company currently owns Nickelodeon Suites Resort), and Marriott International (resort operator). The first hotel was slated to open in 2010 at San Diego's Liberty Station. Six hundred fifty rooms were planned, a water park, and some attractions. This was to be the first of 20 resorts to be under\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12280600\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Digital\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Digital Nickelodeon Digital is an American animation studio based in New York City which opened in 1994. Nickelodeon Digital produces some of Nickelodeon's animated series and creates digital content and motion graphics for the Nickelodeon Group. The company's Burbank, California branch creates CGI and visual effects for Nickelodeon's animated series. Nickelodeon Creative Labs was founded in 1994 by Amy Friedman. The company produced motion graphics and short-form material for the Nickelodeon network, including the award-winning \\\"Short Films by Short People\\\" interstitial series. In 1996, Nickelodeon Creative Labs began producing the Nick Jr. series \\\"Blue's Clues\\\" in-house using Adobe After\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15529505\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott was a proposed Nickelodeon-themed multi-resort to be developed by Viacom (owner of Nickelodeon), Miller Global Properties, LLC (resorts developer and owner - the company currently owns Nickelodeon Suites Resort), and Marriott International (resort operator). The first hotel was slated to open in 2010 at San Diego's Liberty Station. Six hundred fifty rooms were planned, a water park, and some attractions. This was to be the first of 20 resorts to be under construction by 2020. The project was cancelled in 2009 amid the Great Recession. The fate of the remaining 19 hotels\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12280599\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Movies\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Movies Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon. Founded in 1996, the company released its first film \\\"Harriet the Spy\\\" in 1996. It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects. Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures. The studio's highest-grossing films are \\\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\\\" (2014), which grossed $493.3 million worldwide, \\\"The Adventures of Tintin\\\" (2011), which grossed $374 million worldwide, and \\\"\\\" (2015), which grossed $323.4 million worldwide. In 1993, Nickelodeon forged a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4309108\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Nickelodeon (often shortened to Nick) is an American pay television channel launched on December 1, 1977 as the first cable channel for children. It is owned by Viacom through its Viacom Media Networks division's Nickelodeon Group unit and is based in New York City. It is primarily aimed at children and adolescents aged 2–17. The channel was originally first tested as Pinwheel on December 1, 1977. Pinwheel was at the time only available on QUBE, which was the first two-way major market interactive cable television system, owned by Warner Cable. Pinwheel relaunched as Nickelodeon on April 1, 1979, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360352\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Movies\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Movies announced a reboot of the \\\"Rugrats\\\" film series, with a live-action/CGI hybrid film currently in development. Produced by Paramount Players and written by David A. Goodman, it is scheduled to be released on November 13, 2020. Nickelodeon Movies Nickelodeon Movies is the theatrical motion picture production arm of the American children's cable channel Nickelodeon. Founded in 1996, the company released its first film \\\"Harriet the Spy\\\" in 1996. It has produced family features and films based on Nickelodeon programs, as well as other adaptations and original projects. Its films are co-produced and/or distributed by Viacom division Paramount Pictures.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4309140\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"founded in 1995, as a family entertainment arm of Paramount Pictures (owned by Nickelodeon corporate parent Viacom), which releases the studio's films. The first film released from the studio was the 1996 mystery/comedy \\\"Harriet the Spy\\\". Nickelodeon Movies has produced films based on Nickelodeon animated programs including \\\"The Rugrats Movie\\\" and \\\"The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie\\\", as well as other adaptations and original live-action and animated projects. Nickelodeon Magazine was a print magazine that was launched in 1993; the channel had previously published a short-lived magazine effort in 1990. \\\"Nickelodeon Magazine\\\" incorporated informative non-fiction pieces, humor (including pranks and parodical pieces),\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360377\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Digital\",\n \"text\": \"Effects, Photoshop, and Power Macintosh computers. In October 1999, Nickelodeon Creative Labs relaunched as Nick Digital; it was now also producing \\\"Little Bill\\\", another Nick Jr. series. In December 2008, MTV Networks planned to shut down Nick Digital by the end of the year. The company ultimately stayed open, but a Nick Digital branch at Nickelodeon Animation Studio took over producing visual effects for Nickelodeon's animated series. In 2009, Nickelodeon launched Nickelodeon Creative Advertising, a creative agency which produces advertising for kids and families. Nickelodeon Digital Nickelodeon Digital is an American animation studio based in New York City which opened\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15529506\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Turkey)\",\n \"text\": \"much like Nickelodeon. On 1 July 2012, Nickelodeon HD launched. It became Turkey's first and, as of now, only HD kids channel. In 2017, The Loud House was banned by the Turkish government due to Luna Loud being a Lesbian. This happened after L Is for Love. The website still has services to stream. Nickelodeon (Turkey) Nickelodeon Turkey is a children's cable/satellite television channel which launched on 10 December 1997. Nickelodeon Turkey was launched on 10 December 1997 on cable by Turkish company RTV and timeshared with Discovery Channel Turkey. On 2001, Multi Channel Developers took over Nickelodeon's license, thus\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13899165\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Turkey)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Turkey) Nickelodeon Turkey is a children's cable/satellite television channel which launched on 10 December 1997. Nickelodeon Turkey was launched on 10 December 1997 on cable by Turkish company RTV and timeshared with Discovery Channel Turkey. On 2001, Multi Channel Developers took over Nickelodeon's license, thus making it a 24-hour channel. On 31 March 2010, Nickelodeon had a major rebrand with new idents and a new logo. On 22 May 2010, Nickelodeon and MTV Turkey were taken off of Digiturk, most likely due to misagreement issues. On 2 June 2010, Nickelodeon and MTV Turkey's websites were shut down, due to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13899163\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"putting them over rival companies such as HBO. Nickelodeon launched on April 1, 1979 (as the first ever all children's network) on Warner Cable's system in Buffalo, New York. It quickly expanded its audience reach, first to other Warner Cable systems across the country, and eventually to other cable providers. It was distributed via satellite on RCA Satcom-1, which went into orbit one week earlier on March 26 – originally transmitted on transponder space purchased from televangelists Jim and Tammy Faye Bakker. Despite its prior history on the QUBE system under the Pinwheel name, Nickelodeon has designated 1979 as the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Toys\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Toys This is a list of toys created by the popular children's television network Nickelodeon. A number of molding substances for children's play were created and sold by the American children's television channel Nickelodeon and toy company Mattel in the 1990s. Like most molding compounds, they could be kept in their container to retain plasticity, or molded and allowed to harden overnight. They featured a wide variety of compounds with different attributes. Nickelodeon's first compound, whose idea was first taken from the classic Nickelodeon show \\\"You Can't Do That on Television\\\". Nickelodeon Slime was first manufactured in the 1980s.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7085224\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"films produced by the network's Nickelodeon Movies film production division (whose films are distributed by sister company Paramount Pictures). Although the film division bears the Nickelodeon brand name, the channel does not have access to most of the movies produced by its film unit. Nickelodeon does have broadcast rights to most feature films based on or that served as the basis for original series produced by it (such as \\\"Barnyard: The Original Party Animals\\\"); the majority of the live-action feature films produced under the Nickelodeon Movies banner are licensed for broadcast by various free-to-air and pay television outlets within the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Pakistan)\",\n \"text\": \"network against any further violations. Nickelodeon (Pakistan) Nickelodeon Pakistan or Nick Pakistan is the Pakistani feed of Nickelodeon, which is operated by domestic media company ARY Group's Digital Network subsidiary under a brand licensing and programming agreement with Viacom International Media Networks. The network transmits over the AsiaSat 7 satellite to cable and satellite viewers in Pakistan, and features some portions of the schedule dubbed or subtitled in Urdu, along with some content directly imported from its Indian sister network (owned by Viacom 18). It also occasionally licenses Western market children's films. In 2005, the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405624\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Pakistan)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Pakistan) Nickelodeon Pakistan or Nick Pakistan is the Pakistani feed of Nickelodeon, which is operated by domestic media company ARY Group's Digital Network subsidiary under a brand licensing and programming agreement with Viacom International Media Networks. The network transmits over the AsiaSat 7 satellite to cable and satellite viewers in Pakistan, and features some portions of the schedule dubbed or subtitled in Urdu, along with some content directly imported from its Indian sister network (owned by Viacom 18). It also occasionally licenses Western market children's films. In 2005, the Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority issued an order regarding the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405619\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"History of Nickelodeon Nickelodeon is an American basic cable and satellite television network that is part of the Nickelodeon Group, a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom, which focuses on programs aimed at children and teenagers; it has since expanded to include three spin-off digital cable and satellite networks in the United States, and international channels in six continents. Nickelodeon's history dates back to December 1, 1977, when QUBE, the first two-way major market interactive cable television system was launched in Columbus, Ohio by Warner Cable, the parent company of Dimension Pictures. One of the ten \\\"community\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812357\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"some new ones. Kings Island followed suit, closing their Splat City in 2000 and opening their \\\"Nickelodeon Central\\\" in 2001, which would later be expanded and renamed \\\"Nickelodeon Universe\\\" in 2006. In 2002, Australian theme park Dreamworld opened Nickelodeon Central. In 2003, \\\"Nickelodeon Central\\\" opened at California's Great America, Canada's Wonderland and Carowinds, and Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast opened in Universal Studios Florida. Expansions of these areas took place in 2005, 2006 and 2008 for Carowinds, Kings Island and Dreamworld, respectively. The Kings Island area was also renamed to \\\"Nickelodeon Universe\\\" at the same time. In 2007, Movie Park Germany\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346056\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"2009, Nickelodeon and Southern Star Amusements announced that it would build a second Nickelodeon Universe in New Orleans, Louisiana on the site of the former Six Flags New Orleans by the end of 2010, which was set to be the first outdoor Nickelodeon Universe theme park. On November 9, 2009, Nickelodeon announced that it had ended the licensing agreement with Southern Star Amusements. Nickelodeon Universe has a second location currently under construction at the American Dream Meadowlands complex in East Rutherford, New Jersey, with a planned opening of some time in April 2019. All except three Nickelodeon-themed theme park areas\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360380\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"and WhiteWater World. On 7 June 1990, Universal Studios Florida opened with an attraction named Nickelodeon Studios. It was a television taping studio for the cable television channel, Nickelodeon. In 1995, \\\"Nickelodeon Splat City\\\" opened at three former Paramount Parks: California's Great America, Kings Dominion and Kings Island. These attractions were inspired by many of the game shows on the television network and generally involved slime. In 1999, Kings Dominion closed Nickelodeon Splat City in preparation for its 2000 attraction, Nickelodeon Central. \\\"Nickelodeon Central\\\" saw the retheme of many of the park's children's rides as well as the addition of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346055\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Toys\",\n \"text\": \"microphone. You also have the ability to type credits and e-mail your episodes to your friends. <br> Nickelodeon Toys This is a list of toys created by the popular children's television network Nickelodeon. A number of molding substances for children's play were created and sold by the American children's television channel Nickelodeon and toy company Mattel in the 1990s. Like most molding compounds, they could be kept in their container to retain plasticity, or molded and allowed to harden overnight. They featured a wide variety of compounds with different attributes. Nickelodeon's first compound, whose idea was first taken from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7085242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fast Company (1979 film)\",\n \"text\": \"Fast Company (1979 film) Fast Company is a 1979 Canadian action film directed by David Cronenberg and starring William Smith, John Saxon, Claudia Jennings and Nicholas Campbell. It was written by Phil Savath, Courtney Smith, Alan Treen and Cronenberg. It was primarily filmed at Edmonton International Speedway, in addition to other locations in Edmonton, Alberta, and Western Canada. At a racetrack, aging drag racing star Lonnie \\\"Lucky Man\\\" Johnson (Smith) makes engine refinements to his car, which is sponsored by the international oil company Fast Company. On its first test run it blows up, but Lonnie escapes unhurt. Fast Co.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5670545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Animation Studio\",\n \"text\": \"given to Film Roman, as well as Everett Peck's \\\"Duckman\\\" which was produced by Nickelodeon's sister company Paramount Television and aired on USA Network in 1994 through 1997). In 1993, Nickelodeon greenlit its first fully original in-house series, \\\"Rocko's Modern Life\\\", produced by Games Animation with the partnership of Joe Murray Studio. Games worked on the show for three years and employed over 70 people during the course of its run. The show was canceled in 1996 by Nickelodeon due to its creator Joe Murray wanting to spend more time with his family. Following the cancellation, Games Animation produced the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6121756\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"name. It does not mean that the ride was closed and/or removed. Below is a list of all of the Nickelodeon-themed shows which have been shown at theme parks around the world. The dates shown in the columns refer to the opening and closing dates for the show. Some parks have multiple shows in the one theatre, hence overlapping dates. A variety of Nickelodeon costumed characters have been showcased alongside each individual theme park's attractions. Some were used for meet and greets with guests, others for shows and some in the Nickelodeon Celebration Parade (which toured the former Paramount Parks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346059\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Animation Studio\",\n \"text\": \"pilot of \\\"Hey Arnold!\\\", along with its first 26 episodes. In 1996, Albie Hecht, then-president of Film and TV Entertainment for Nickelodeon, met with Nickelodeon artists for a brainstorming session on the elements of their ideal studio, and, with their feedback (and some inspiration from the fabled Willy Wonka chocolate factory), created \\\"a playful, inspirational and cutting-edge lab which will hopefully give birth to the next generation of cartoon classics.\\\" He added, \\\"For me, this building is the physical manifestation of a personal dream, which is that when people think of cartoons, they'll say Nicktoons.\\\" Nickelodeon and parent company Viacom\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6121757\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"opened a similar area entitled \\\"Nickland\\\". In 2007, it was announced that \\\"Nickelodeon Universe\\\" would be opening in Mall Of America in 2008, replacing \\\"Camp Snoopy\\\". In 2009 and 2010, Cedar Fair terminated their contract with Nickelodeon resulting in all of the areas being rethemed to \\\"Planet Snoopy\\\". In early 2011, at a cost of million, Pleasure Beach Blackpool opened \\\"Nickelodeon Land\\\". By mid-2011, Dreamworld had closed their \\\"Nickelodeon Central\\\" and rethemed it to the generic Kid's World theme (it was later revealed that the park had struck a deal with DreamWorks Animation). In 2012, Universal's Superstar Parade had its\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346057\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"also periodically acquires theatrically released feature films for broadcast on the channel including Universal's \\\"\\\", several Monster High films, and \\\"Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Turtles Forever\\\" (which was later released by Nickelodeon Movies through Paramount for DVD release), with the Barbie and Monster High films usually aired under a brokered format in which Mattel purchases the time in order to promote the release of their films on DVD within a few days of the Nickelodeon premiere, an arrangement possible as Nickelodeon does not have to meet the Federal Communications Commission rules which disallow that arrangement for broadcast channels due to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon on CBS\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon on CBS Nick on CBS (also known as Nick Jr. on CBS) is a defunct American Saturday morning children's programming block that ran on CBS from September 16, 2000 to September 9, 2006. The block featured programming from Nickelodeon, which was a sister cable television property to CBS under Viacom for the majority of the block's run. In June 2000, a few months after Viacom (which CBS founded in 1952 as television syndication distributor CBS Films, Inc., and later spun off in 1971 after the then-recently implemented Financial Interest and Syndication Rules barred networks from holding financial interest in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7366476\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon on CBS\",\n \"text\": \"a new block the following weekend called \\\"KOL Secret Slumber Party\\\". Nickelodeon on CBS Nick on CBS (also known as Nick Jr. on CBS) is a defunct American Saturday morning children's programming block that ran on CBS from September 16, 2000 to September 9, 2006. The block featured programming from Nickelodeon, which was a sister cable television property to CBS under Viacom for the majority of the block's run. In June 2000, a few months after Viacom (which CBS founded in 1952 as television syndication distributor CBS Films, Inc., and later spun off in 1971 after the then-recently implemented Financial\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7366482\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Streak\",\n \"text\": \"area, which will have 14 rides (9 new, 5 re-themed). Nickelodeon Streak Nickelodeon Streak is a wooden out-and-back roller coaster at Blackpool Pleasure Beach, Blackpool, England. It was built in 1933 by Charles Paige and uses the lift hill and other parts of the former Velvet Coaster, which was removed in 1932. From 1933 to 2010 it was known simply as \\\"Roller Coaster\\\" however after Nickelodeon Land was announced the coaster was renamed and rethemed to \\\"Nickelodeon Streak\\\". Now removed, a train from the Velvet Coaster used to be preserved on show in the station of Roller Coaster. It is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11823457\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Animation Studio\",\n \"text\": \"be confused with the original Nickelodeon Studios at Universal Studios Florida, which closed in 2005.) The studio also houses the Nickelodeon time capsule, first buried in Orlando, Florida in 1992 at the original Nickelodeon Studios and later at the Nickelodeon Suites Resort in 2006, which has moved to the new studio by the latter's closure and rebrand on June 1, 2016. The new studio opened on January 11, 2017. Nickelodeon Animation Studio Nickelodeon Animation Studio, also known in Burbank as Nickelodeon Studios Burbank, is an American animation studio owned and operated by Viacom through Nickelodeon producing many animated television series.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6121761\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"from 2004 to 2007). Keep in mind that this list also includes third-party characters who have been associated with Nickelodeon before. Nickelodeon in amusement parks Since the 1990s, \\\"Nickelodeon\\\", a worldwide children's television network and franchise, owned by Viacom, has had an involvement in the creation and theming of amusement parks rides. Several amusement parks have featured themed areas entirely devoted to the Nickelodeon brand whilst others have featured standalone attractions. Nickelodeon attractions currently exist at Movie Park Germany, Pleasure Beach Blackpool, Mall of America and Sea World, as well as a planned area at the upcoming American Dream Meadowlands.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346060\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Guts\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Guts Nickelodeon Guts (stylized as Nickelodeon GUTS) is an American television \\\"action sports\\\" competition series hosted by actor/writer Mike O'Malley and officiated by British actress Moira \\\"Mo\\\" Quirk. The series originally ran from 1992 to 1996 on Nickelodeon. Each episode features three young athletes competing against each other in four \\\"extreme\\\" versions of athletic events culminating in a fifth and final round which set the three competitors on a race up an artificial \\\"mountain\\\" called the Aggro Crag, Mega Crag, or Super Aggro Crag. \\\"Nickelodeon GUTS\\\" reruns were shown on Nickelodeon from January 15, 1996 until January 31, 1999\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6568487\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Movies\",\n \"text\": \"film to be nominated for an Academy Award. The success of the film spawned this film into a TV series, \\\"\\\", which aired on Nickelodeon from 2002 to 2006. On March 29, 2002, the studio released \\\"Clockstoppers\\\", a sci-fi action film, starring Jesse Bradford, Paula Garcés, and French Stewart. This film received negative reviews and was a minor box office success, only earning $36,989,956 in the United States and $38,793,283 worldwide. On June 28, 2002, Nickelodeon Movies released \\\"\\\", starring the series's original cast members and guest starring Paul Sorvino as Scheck, the CEO of a real estate company called\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4309114\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Europe)\",\n \"text\": \"which originally launched on Nickelodeon US in September, 2009. The roll-out of Nickelodeon's new global on-air, online and offline branding will take place throughout 2010 on all Nickelodeon channels worldwide (with exception to Nickelodeon US). Nickelodeon Europe picked up the new 2011 look from Nick USA in 2012. The first country to pick up the new bumpers was Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland). It first got random airings of these bumpers in October 2011 and they were fully used from 2 January 2012. Nickelodeon (Europe) Nickelodeon is a pay television network dedicated to kids. Nickelodeon is widely available throughout Europe as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12660114\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Central & Eastern Europe)\",\n \"text\": \"late November, they are no longer Russian). Unlike other Nickelodeon feeds, the end credits on shows do not appear. They were replaced by short credits including the show name, production year and production company. In fall 2011 it was reported that Nickelodeon HD and Nick Jr. will launch in the Romania and Czech Republic. In October, the Czech version of Nickelodeon HD began testing on satellite and is currently encrypted. Nickelodeon HD is expanding in Romania, Hungary, Czech Republic, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Malta, Turkey, Russia, CIS, Slovakia, and Poland. On December 1, 2011, Nick Czech increased its video bitrate\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14322444\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Denmark)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Denmark) Nickelodeon is a Danish television channel targeting children. The channel was launched on 15 March 2008 with the launch of VH1 Denmark, where it was broadcast between 6:00 am and 12:00 pm. From 1996 to 2008, Denmark had been served by the pan-Nordic Nickelodeon Scandinavia. The Pan-Nordic channel continues to be available on satellite. VH1 stopped simulcasting Nickelodeon around New Year's Eve 2008/2009, which meant that the two channels had their own frequencies in analogue cable networks such as YouSee and Telia Stofa, where Nickelodeon would now be available between 6:00 am and 6:00 pm. On 1 September\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13660769\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Magazine\",\n \"text\": \"Shiga, R. Sikoryak, Jen Sorensen, Art Spiegelman, Jay Stephens, Wayno, Todd Webb, Drew Weing, Steve Weissman, Kurt Wolfgang, and Gahan Wilson. In addition, \\\"Nickelodeon Magazine\\\"'s Comic Book also featured comics from characters of the network's programming, which usually appeared just before a season premiere or special movie event for the property on the actual series. Among the Nicktoons that were featured in the Comic Book: Nickelodeon Comics, formally titled Nickelodeon Magazine Presents, was a series of one-shot special issues put out by \\\"Nickelodeon Magazine\\\". Each issue tied in with comics. \\\"Nickelodeon Comics\\\" mainly contained comics, either newly made stories or\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5424577\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Portugal)\",\n \"text\": \"In Portugal it was only available on specific NOS digital packages, but in the summer of 2014 it became free-to-air in all NOS digital packages during the season's holidays, with ratings climbing. It kept free-to-air, during the new school year and widely available across digital services from the company. It is unavailable in analog basic cable and rival platforms. In September 2014, it and MTV Portugal moved their headquarters to one of the Colombo towers in Lisbon. Nickelodeon (Portugal) Nickelodeon Portugal (formerly Nick Portugal) is a Portuguese digital cable and satellite television, which is the fourth Portuguese television network mostly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13259561\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Europe)\",\n \"text\": \"that further launches of HD channels will occur across the continent in the next few years. In January 2010, Viacom International launched a global on-air identity campaign for its Nickelodeon channels worldwide (except Nickelodeon US, which adopted the new look identity 28 September 2009). The new look on air-identity debuted on Nickelodeon (France) 29 January 2010, Nickelodeon UK, and Nickelodeon Ireland on 15 February 2010, Nickelodeon (Poland) on 1 March, in Africa on 13 March 2010, and on Nickelodeon Netherlands, Germany, Nickelodeon Austria and Nickelodeon Switzerland on 31 March 2010. The new look design incorporates the newly designed Nickelodeon logo\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12660113\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Streak\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Streak Nickelodeon Streak is a wooden out-and-back roller coaster at Blackpool Pleasure Beach, Blackpool, England. It was built in 1933 by Charles Paige and uses the lift hill and other parts of the former Velvet Coaster, which was removed in 1932. From 1933 to 2010 it was known simply as \\\"Roller Coaster\\\" however after Nickelodeon Land was announced the coaster was renamed and rethemed to \\\"Nickelodeon Streak\\\". Now removed, a train from the Velvet Coaster used to be preserved on show in the station of Roller Coaster. It is currently the second tallest wooden coaster out of the four\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11823455\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Toys\",\n \"text\": \"a yellow wild screen appears, you can place a chip on any yellow space that doesn't already have a chip on it. The Nickelodeon DVD Bingo was released in 2006. Nickelodeon/Mattel's most popular compound; the idea was taken from the Nickelodeon show \\\"Double Dare\\\" and Wham-O's Super Stuff from the mid-1960s. The original edition was manufactured in 1992, and then re-issued in 1994 for the Nickelodeon Deluxe Gift Set which included one canister of Nickelodeon Gak and two canisters of Nickelodeon Floam. It was marketed on the fact that, unlike most of the compounds, it made a \\\"fart\\\" noise when\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7085228\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Studios\",\n \"text\": \"closed-set Nickelodeon on Sunset facility in Hollywood, California. In 2004, the studio got its new paint job. The final program taped was \\\"Nickelodeon Splat!\\\", which ran live from March 7, 2004, to August 17, 2004. The studio closed its doors on April 30, 2005. This was a result of Nickelodeon gradually moving its administration to the MTV Networks headquarters in Santa Monica, California and One Astor Plaza in New York City and its live-action production arm to the Nickelodeon on Sunset. A time capsule buried by the network in 1992 in front of Soundstage 18 was removed in August 2006\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3707768\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Animation Studio\",\n \"text\": \"foundations began with the creation of three original animated programs in 1991, \\\"Doug\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\" and \\\"The Ren & Stimpy Show\\\". In 1992, Nickelodeon founded Games Animation to produce future animated endeavors including their first fully in-house series \\\"Rocko's Modern Life\\\". Games Animation produced much of the mid-1990s output of the network in partnership with notable companies like Frederator Studios. In 1998, the studio moved from Studio City, California to Burbank in celebration of a new facility and was renamed Nickelodeon Animation Studio. Aside from Nickelodeon and its sister channels, it also produced cartoon series for other Viacom related networks like\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6121749\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks Since the 1990s, \\\"Nickelodeon\\\", a worldwide children's television network and franchise, owned by Viacom, has had an involvement in the creation and theming of amusement parks rides. Several amusement parks have featured themed areas entirely devoted to the Nickelodeon brand whilst others have featured standalone attractions. Nickelodeon attractions currently exist at Movie Park Germany, Pleasure Beach Blackpool, Mall of America and Sea World, as well as a planned area at the upcoming American Dream Meadowlands. Attractions previously existed at California's Great America, Canada's Wonderland, Carowinds, Dreamworld, Kings Dominion, Kings Island, Universal Studios Florida, Universal Studios Hollywood\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346054\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon in amusement parks\",\n \"text\": \"first performance which features floats based on \\\"SpongeBob SquarePants\\\" and \\\"Dora the Explorer\\\" and later opened a SpongeBob gift shop in Woody Woodpecker's Kidzone. In September 2016, it was announced that a new \\\"Nickelodeon Universe\\\" would open in the upcoming \\\"American Dream Meadowlands\\\" mall and entertainment complex owned by the Triple Five Group, who also own Mall Of America, with a projected opening of October 2019. Below is a list of all of the attractions at Nickelodeon themed areas around the world. The dates shown in the columns refer to the opening and closing dates for the ride under that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9346058\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"now closed: Nickelodeon Animation Studio (formerly Games Animation) is a production firm located in Burbank, California, which serves as the animation facilities for many of the network's Nicktoons series. It also houses the headquarters of the Nicktoons channel. Nickelodeon on Sunset is a studio complex in Hollywood, California, which serves the primary production facilities for Nickelodeon's series; the studio is designated by the National Register for Historic Places as a historical landmark as a result of its prior existence as the Earl Carroll Theater, a prominent dinner theater. It has served as the production facilities for several Nickelodeon series including\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360381\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Switzerland)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Switzerland) Nickelodeon (Switzerland), known on-air only as Nickelodeon, is a television channel for kids in Switzerland, and part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Nickelodeon Switzerland started off as part of a programming block on Schweizer Fernsehen (now known as SF). The block aired between 8am till 5pm and would be pre-empted if sporting or breaking news events occurred. From 12pm till 1pm Nick ran live programming which was repeated at 4pm. The Nickelodeon Switzerland block ended on 26 September 2003. After five years of being on air SF decided to change their plans and create a new programming block\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14378978\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines) Nickelodeon Philippines is a pay television channel that was launched on 1 April 2011 as a localised variant of American channel Nickelodeon, with programming aimed at children and teenagers. It is owned by Viacom International Media Networks Asia in partnership with All Youth Channels. Upon its launch, it replaced the Southeast Asian feed of Nickelodeon in the Philippines, which used to be distributed in the country since its launch in 1996. In October 11, 2006, Viacom's subsidiary MTV Networks Asia Pacific set up a new unit to manage Nickelodeon's southeast Asia operations. On April 1, 2011, MTV Networks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15416962\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"channels that were offered at no additional charge to QUBE subscribers was C-3, which exclusively carried Pinwheel each day from 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time. The channel was developed by Dr. Vivian Horner, who worked as director of research on the PBS series \\\"The Electric Company\\\" and included \\\"Pinwheel\\\" (one of Nickelodeon's earliest series, which spun off from the C-3 service). Nickelodeon was originally used as a loss leader for then-parent company Warner Cable. As the company saw it, having a commercial-free children's channel would prove useful in franchising its cable systems across the country, with that advantage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Studios\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon had with Universal, but was leased separately for the time of their productions on it. While Nickelodeon Studios was in production, there were many orange benches scattered around the facility, incorporating shapes like a footprint, carrot, finger, cruise ship, wave, cloud, etc., reflecting the network's station IDs. Some of these benches were moved to the \\\"Control Room\\\" at Jimmy Neutron's Nicktoon Blast, which closed in 2011. A gift shop was also located near the Slime Geyser, featuring Nickelodeon characters on the front of the building. In 1998, Nickelodeon opened two new studios in California, Nickelodeon On Sunset, (Live Action\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3707766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Greece)\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Restis Enterprises\\\" was involved in launching Nickelodeon in Greece. Nickelodeon was originally a block on Channel 9 from 2001 to 2008. Series which are viewable only on Nickelodeon.gr Nickelodeon (Greece) Nickelodeon Greece is the Greek kids' TV version of Nickelodeon. It launched on 3 September 2010. It was available free-to-air in the Athens area on 35 UHF signal broadcast from Hymettus, before the analog switch off on 20 July 2012, but it is available through the \\\"Digea\\\" DVB-T2 digital consortium on 54 UHF signal broadcast from Aegina, Hymettus and Parnitha. It also broadcasts in Thessaloniki and its surrounding areas through\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14816536\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fast Company (1979 film)\",\n \"text\": \"non-psychological B-movie - remains an anomaly in Cronenberg's filmography, it has never lost its place in the affections of its director, who is an enthusiast of cars and their machinery (\\\"which I get very metaphysical and boring about\\\") and sometime racer. This was the final film for Claudia Jennings before she was killed in a car accident later that year, several months after the film's release. \\\"Fast Company\\\" received generally positive reviews. It holds an 88% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with an average rating of 6.6/10. Fast Company (1979 film) Fast Company is a 1979 Canadian action film directed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5670555\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"year of the channel's official launch. Initial programming on Nickelodeon included \\\"Video Comic Book\\\", \\\"Pinwheel\\\" (which was reformatted as a daily hour-long series that ran in a three- to five-hour block format, and was a precursor to the Nick Jr. block that replaced it in 1988), \\\"America Goes Bananaz\\\", \\\"Nickel Flicks\\\", and \\\"By the Way\\\". The network's original logo incorporated a man looking into a Nickelodeon machine that was placed in the \\\"N\\\" in the wordmark; this was replaced the following year by another wordmark with the \\\"Nickelodeon\\\" text in Pinwheel's logo typeface. As Nickelodeon originally operated as a commercial-free\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Sweden)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon received a license to broadcast between 5 a.m. and 7 p.m. on the terrestrial network. On 18 June 2008 the dedicated Swedish version of Nickelodeon was launched with a separate schedule. The new channel broadcasts between 5 a.m. and 7 p.m. on most digital pay television platforms. Unlike the Pan-Scandinavian channel, which was broadcast from the UK, the Swedish version is broadcast from the Netherlands. Since September 2013, Nickelodeon Sweden started to use the new Idents from Nickelodeon USA and Nickelodeon UK & Ireland. The channel used to share frequency space with Comedy Central Sweden since the launch of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12197292\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Party Blast\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Party Blast Nickelodeon Party Blast is a party game developed by English developer Data Design Interactive and published by French game company Infogrames. \\\"Party Blast\\\" was released for Xbox in North America on October 30, 2002, and later in PAL regions on December 6, 2002. The Windows version was released in one day later after the release of the Xbox version in North America. The GameCube version was released worldwide on December 6, 2002. A PlayStation 2 version of the game was planned, but it was cancelled. The game features characters from Nicktoons, including \\\"SpongeBob SquarePants\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\", \\\"\\\", \\\"Invader\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8734789\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"with Pizza Hut, which provided a new kid-targeted publication \\\"Nickelodeon Magazine\\\" for free at the chain's participating restaurants. On August 11, 1991, Nickelodeon debuted its first original animated series – \\\"Doug\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\", and \\\"The Ren & Stimpy Show\\\" – under the Nicktoons banner. The development of these programs was a reversal of the network's previous concerns, as Nickelodeon had previously refused to produce weekly animated series due to the high production costs. The three series found success by 1993, resulting in the creation of the network's fourth Nicktoon, \\\"Rocko's Modern Life\\\", which also became a success. Later, Nickelodeon partnered with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812370\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (India)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (India) Nickelodeon India is an Indian children's pay television network based in Mumbai. It is the Indian equivalent to the original American network and is owned by Viacom 18, a joint venture between Viacom and TV18. Nick India is available in four languages: Hindi, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. Nickelodeon India was launched on 16 October 1999 and was initially picked up by Zee TV. Zee TV launched a Nickelodeon-branded programming block as part of a distribution deal between Viacom International and Zee Entertainment Enterprises. It was replaced by the Cartoon Network block in 2002. In 2004 Viacom revamped Nickelodeon\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16448040\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Studios\",\n \"text\": \"pattern), two slime spills by the exterior staircase and bathrooms (albeit painted blue), and the elevator door by the former Game Lab exit. Nickelodeon Studios Nickelodeon Studios was a television taping studio as well as an original family attraction at Universal Studios Florida, which opened on June 7, 1990. The studios closed permanently on April 30, 2005. In November 1988, Nickelodeon joined the Universal Studios Florida team to make its first production studio. In spring 1989, they filmed its first show there, \\\"Super Sloppy Double Dare\\\". On June 7, 1990, the studio (along with the park) officially opened. There was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3707776\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines)\",\n \"text\": \"timeslot and will be replaced by live-action shows and miscellaneous NickToons programs. This lineup will double the TeenNick block which only runs in the evening and other animated shows that only airs once a day. In 2012, Nickelodeon uses new graphics used in the US and UK, however it only applies to selected programs' promos and station IDs. The former Nick-Asia graphics is still used. In 2013, Nickelodeon Philippines introduced Hapon Hangout, A Nickelodeon hour special that starts at 4:00pm to 6:30pm every weekdays. On July 17, 2017, the channel was rebranded into the US version. It was made by\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15416966\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Germany)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon closed on 31 May 1998. Nickelodeon soon thereafter struck a deal with RTL's owner the Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion to broadcast their programming on RTL's own children's channel, Super RTL (which, ironically, was a joint venture between RTL and Disney) in addition to a weekend morning Nicktoons block on the main RTL channel. After VH-1 Germany shut down in 2001 (and was replaced by a pan-European feed on a separate channel), it was replaced with MTV2 Pop. On 7 April 2005 it was announced that on 12 September 2005 Nickelodeon Germany will be reactivate under the name Nick as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10148545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Studios\",\n \"text\": \"Studio) & Nickelodeon Animation Studios. Nickelodeon shifted away from live-action shows towards focusing on animation reducing the need for a television studio. In 1999 besides Figure It Out's final Season and other shows that aired, no new shows were made and filmed at the Orlando location. By the summer of 2001, Nickelodeon Studios had fewer than 100 employees, and begun to see a steady decline in visitors as Nickelodeon's live-action productions began to transition from game and stunt shows with audience participation to traditional sitcoms, many of which required closed-set production. The majority of Nickelodeon production had moved to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3707767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Europe)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Europe) Nickelodeon is a pay television network dedicated to kids. Nickelodeon is widely available throughout Europe as a subscription service or free-to-air service; depending on what region in Europe you are living in. Nickelodeon is seen in 24.2 million households throughout Europe, via channels and blocks. Nickelodeon is operated by Viacom International Media Networks Europe on behalf of its owner Viacom. Nickelodeon first launched in Europe in the United Kingdom in 1993, following this Nickelodeon subsequently launched a pan-European version of the channel and other local Nickelodeon channels. The Pan-European version, known as Nickelodeon airs a selection of programming\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12660111\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Toys\",\n \"text\": \"Smatter is that the compound doesn't grow. A modeling compound that was like Play-Doh but had a more Marshmallow-like feel. It was sold in sets with Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. characters like SpongeBob and Blue's Clues. The squeezable pouch that Skweeez was packaged in had a zipper on the top so that it could be used again. A Nickelodeon and Flying Colors/Jakks Pacific compound that was released in 2004. Splish Splat was also highly similar to Nickelodeon Gak,which was released in the years prior. Splish Splat! was also a tie in to the Nickelodeon game show airing at the time,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7085237\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Scandinavia)\",\n \"text\": \"and 1 p.m. A few years later, it switched to another transponder, allowing it to broadcast between 6 a.m. and 6 p.m. Nickelodeon joined the Swedish terrestrial network in 2001 and the Finnish terrestrial network on 1 September 2007. On 18 June 2008, a separate channel for Sweden was launched. Nickelodeon Sweden replaced the pan-Nordic channel in all of Sweden. The pan-Nordic does however continue to be available in Denmark, Finland and Norway. A Danish version, Nickelodeon Denmark, was launched in March 2008. It was launched with VH1 Denmark, which aired Nickelodeon for six hours in the morning. The Pan-Nordic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6976393\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Brazil)\",\n \"text\": \"for the channel, but a significant increase in viewers, 0.950 million. Nickelodeon (Brazil) Nickelodeon Brazil () is a cable and satellite television channel, the Brazilian counterpart of the American network Nickelodeon. Nickelodeon Brazil was launched on December 20, 1996 in Brazil as a children-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched 3 years before. On February 13, 2006, Nick at Nite was launched in Brazil, and aired on weeknights from 10 pm to 6 am, and on May 15 of the same year, it debuted the first original sitcom, \\\"Skimo\\\". On June 9, 2008, the channel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14450280\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Brazil)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Brazil) Nickelodeon Brazil () is a cable and satellite television channel, the Brazilian counterpart of the American network Nickelodeon. Nickelodeon Brazil was launched on December 20, 1996 in Brazil as a children-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched 3 years before. On February 13, 2006, Nick at Nite was launched in Brazil, and aired on weeknights from 10 pm to 6 am, and on May 15 of the same year, it debuted the first original sitcom, \\\"Skimo\\\". On June 9, 2008, the channel launched \\\"Nickers\\\", a live-action show with two hosts introducing shows and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14450276\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Canada)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Canada) Nickelodeon is a Canadian English-language discretionary service based on the U.S subscription network of the same name owned by Corus Entertainment under a brand licensing agreement with Viacom. As with all of its sister networks throughout the world, Nickelodeon airs programs aimed at children and young teenagers. YTV and Treehouse TV, have also carried Nickelodeon programs for many years, under output agreements with Viacom. Nickelodeon is one of two Viacom-branded networks owned by Corus; CMT is jointly owned by the two companies. In September 2008, Corus Entertainment was given approval by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13852816\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Party Blast\",\n \"text\": \"race each other and see who has the most coins and mess up with items and more. Clam bonus stages are bonus stages where each different stage lets players play 4 different games to win or lose. At the end there is also a Gooze Squirter stage where you squirt goo to Nicktoons characters and the person who goozes the most is the winner of the game and then goes back to the main menu. \\\"Nickelodeon Party Blast\\\" was developed by English developer Data Design Interactive and published by French game company Infogrames. \\\"Nickelodeon Party Blast\\\" was first shown at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8734792\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Arabia\",\n \"text\": \"time, in either their English or Arabic formats. There were even several series yet to debut on Nickelodeon Arabia, with exception of \\\"The Fairly OddParents\\\", which apparently already settled on the Middle Eastern Disney Channel. Although Fairly OddParent characters did appear in activity segments from Nickelodeon Magazine cutouts. Like most Arab channels, Nickelodeon did feature censorship, but this is by far limited to simply scenes of French kissing, although any mention of said kisses are retained. This was similar to the censorship on MTV Arabia, but after the relaunch, there is no censorship. \\\"Catch Match\\\" (كاتش ماتش) was an original\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12255884\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mon Nickelodeon Junior\",\n \"text\": \"Mon Nickelodeon Junior Mon Nickelodeon Junior \\\"(My Nickelodeon Junior)\\\" is a French edutainment TV channel which is customizable by parents and has no advertisements. The channel adapts to the preferences to each child and is exclusive to CanalSat subscribers only via SFR Evolution, Orange and Free. Mon Nickelodeon Junior is the first edutainment TV channel entirely customizable by parents and without advertising, which adapts to the preferences of each child. This is a unique broadcast TV experience in the world for unique children to learn while having fun. Parents can create a chain effect for their child, according to their\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17925201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"production, and CBS Television Distribution for production of first-run syndicated programs and off-network series distribution), advertising firm Viacom Outdoor (which was renamed CBS Outdoor), Simon & Schuster, and Paramount Parks (which was later sold). Nickelodeon Studios closed down in 2005 and was converted into the Blue Man Group Sharp Aquos Theatre in 2007; Nickelodeon now tapes its live-action series at the Nickelodeon on Sunset studios (formerly the Earl Carroll Theatre) in Hollywood, California as well as other studio facilities in Hollywood and other locations. In 2005, Nickelodeon premiered the animated series \\\"\\\", which became a hit series for the network.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812381\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Canada)\",\n \"text\": \"broadcast. On the day of the channel's launch, Discovery Kids (which Corus also owned) was shut down and replaced by Nickelodeon on most cable and satellite providers after the final episode of \\\"Aquateam\\\" ended. Because it is legally a distinct service, cable and satellite companies had to reach new agreements with Corus in order to carry Nickelodeon, as Discovery Kids operated under a different license. On April 9, 2013, Telus Optik TV launched Nickelodeon HD, a high definition simulcast of the standard definition feed. It was later launched on June 25, 2013 for Rogers Cable and added to Bell Fibe\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13852818\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Studios\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Studios Nickelodeon Studios was a television taping studio as well as an original family attraction at Universal Studios Florida, which opened on June 7, 1990. The studios closed permanently on April 30, 2005. In November 1988, Nickelodeon joined the Universal Studios Florida team to make its first production studio. In spring 1989, they filmed its first show there, \\\"Super Sloppy Double Dare\\\". On June 7, 1990, the studio (along with the park) officially opened. There was a 3 hour opening day ceremony party broadcast live on Nickelodeon, with Marc Summers as the master of ceremonies for the event that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3707763\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Teen\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Teen Nickelodeon Teen (formerly Nickelodeon 4Teen) is a French television channel owned by MTV Networks France. It is the French version of the American channel TeenNick. Although, like it's French sister channels, the Nickelodeon is extended and is not in front of the word 'Teen'. On November 16, 2014, Viacom announced that the channel Nickelodeon 4Teen would launch on November 19, 2014 at 18:00. The channel primarily targets at teenagers between 13 and 17 years. On August 26, 2017, Nickelodeon 4Teen became Nickelodeon Teen. Nickelodeon Teen is broadcast in standard definition and high definition. Satellite is broadcast in high\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19420203\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland)\",\n \"text\": \"which are awarded each year by Nickelodeon presenters as continuity during the airing of the American ceremony on a one-day delay. Nickelodeon Land is a section of the Blackpool Pleasure Beach resort in Blackpool which is a six-acre section of the park featuring themed Nickelodeon attractions and souvenirs. The Nickelodeon Land section of the park in opened April 2011. Nickelodeon (UK and Ireland) Nickelodeon is a British pay television network focused on kids programming, it is operated under a joint venture between Viacom International Media Networks Europe and Sky. On 1 September 1993, a localised version of the US channel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6032181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"offered on satellite providers, unbranded. Nick.com is Nickelodeon's main website, which launched in October 1995 as a component of America Online's Kids Only channel before eventually moving to the full World Wide Web. It provides content, as well as video clips and full episodes of Nickelodeon series available for streaming. The website's popularity grew to the point where in March 1999, Nick.com became the highest rated website among children aged 6–14 years old. Nickelodeon used the website in conjunction with television programs which increased traffic. In 2001, Nickelodeon partnered with Networks Inc. to provide broadband video games for rent from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360375\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Movies\",\n \"text\": \"2-year contract with 20th Century Fox to make feature films. The joint venture would mostly produce new material, though a Nickelodeon executive did not rule out the possibility of making films based on \\\"The Ren & Stimpy Show\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\" and \\\"Doug\\\". But none of the movies were produced due to the 1994 acquisition of Paramount Pictures by Nickelodeon's parent company, Viacom, and they would distribute the movies instead. The Nickelodeon version of the \\\"Doug\\\" film would not be made due to the 1996 sale of the show's production studio, Jumbo Pictures to Disney and that show's move to ABC, but\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4309109\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines)\",\n \"text\": \"Southeast Asia, South Asia, and Polynesia. Nickelodeon Philippines, Nickelodeon Pakistan, and Nickelodeon India started working independently. They started their new website in 2003. On March 15, 2010, Nickelodeon revamped their logo same as the United States and worldwide and started broadcasting newer Nickelodeon shows from the United States that represents the new Nickelodeon logo and airs latest episodes of current Nick shows. On April 1, 2011, the Nickelodeon Asia feed was replaced with a dedicated Filipino Nickelodeon channel, although it will still use the Nick-Asia branding used in other countries. On April 11, 2011, the lineup was changed prior to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15416964\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Rewind\",\n \"text\": \"Network division of CTVglobemedia. In 2008, Nickelodeon struck a deal with Amazon.com to sell exclusive DVD sets which included various shows under the Nickelodeon name, including \\\"Doug\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\", \\\"Rocko's Modern Life\\\", and \\\"Hey Arnold!\\\". These DVDs were widely criticized for being nothing more than DVD-R's that were burned to order, leading to a prohibitive cost, pricing many out of purchasing them. However, the prices for many of these DVDs were eventually reduced in 2014. In 2011, Nickelodeon reached a deal with Shout! Factory to release digitally remastered versions of classic Nickelodeon shows on traditional DVD, including Nickelodeon sitcoms and animated\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6934717\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"12, 2010, the network reached an agreement with Haim Saban to obtain rights to broadcast new episodes of \\\"Power Rangers\\\" (after Saban had repurchased rights to the franchise from The Walt Disney Company earlier that month). The network began airing the series starting with the February 7, 2011 debut of its 18th season, \\\"Power Rangers Samurai\\\"; as part of the deal, Nickelodeon also acquired the rights to all 700 episodes of the series produced prior to then for broadcast on sister network Nicktoons, which began airing the series later that year. On January 1, 2011, Nickelodeon debuted \\\"House of Anubis\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13812389\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Africa)\",\n \"text\": \"website as Nickelodeon. In June 2017, the Kenya Film Classification Board (KCFB), headed by CEO Ezekiel Mutua, ordered a ban on six cartoons airing on Cartoon Network Africa, Nickelodeon Africa and Nicktoons Africa for allegedly promoting LGBT themes to minors. The shows affected are the currently-running Cartoon Network shows \\\"Adventure Time\\\", \\\"Clarence\\\" and \\\"Steven Universe\\\", in addition to the already-ended Nickelodeon shows \\\"Hey Arnold!\\\" and \\\"The Legend of Korra\\\", and the currently-running Nickelodeon cartoon \\\"The Loud House\\\". List Of Programmes Broadcast By Nickelodeon Africa Formerly Broadcast Since 2018, Nickelodeon Africa has received new bumpers, promos and adverts since March 2018\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14322450\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Arabia\",\n \"text\": \"programme for Nickelodeon Arabia that was renewed every holy month of Ramadan. It was a kids' game show that had two opposing teams compete in a variety of physical challenges to gain the most points. This show was hosted by the announcer Taj Aser, and was filmed on location in Jeddah. \\\"Shoof Kids\\\" was an original show that featured home-made videos sent in by viewers. Nickelodeon Arabia Nickelodeon Arabia is an Arab pay television channel for kids, teens and adults that is exclusively available on Emirati satellite provider OSN. It is the official Arabic-localised variant of Nickelodeon and until 2011,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12255885\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines)\",\n \"text\": \"Beat Band\\\", \\\"\\\" and \\\"T.U.F.F. Puppy\\\". Original Nickelodeon and Nick Jr. titles still remains in the channel. The Loud House's Chinese dub available in Malaysia and Singapore via SAP (Second Audio). Programming in Nickelodeon Philippines also in Southeast Asia has often been segmented into blocks. Nickelodeon (Philippines) Nickelodeon Philippines is a pay television channel that was launched on 1 April 2011 as a localised variant of American channel Nickelodeon, with programming aimed at children and teenagers. It is owned by Viacom International Media Networks Asia in partnership with All Youth Channels. Upon its launch, it replaced the Southeast Asian feed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15416975\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Sweden)\",\n \"text\": \"aimed an older audience used to be broadcast in English with Swedish subtitles, but they are broadcast in Swedish dub these days. The Nicktoon \\\"The Fairly OddParents\\\" is broadcast on Disney Channel and Nickelodeon (as of Spring 2009). Nickelodeon (Sweden) Nickelodeon Sweden () is a children's channel broadcasting to Sweden. Nickelodeon is the most popular commercial children's television channel in Sweden. SVTB is by far the most popular none commercial channel, while Disney Channel is a strong second. Nickelodeon has been available in Sweden since 1996 when a pan-Scandinavian version was launched on the analogue Viasat platform. Since 2001, it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12197294\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"Nick.com; the move was a further step in the multimedia direction that the developers wanted to take the website. Skagerlind indicated that over 50% of Nick.com's audience were using a high speed connection, which allowed them to expand the gaming and video streaming options on the website. Nickelodeon released a free mobile app for smartphones and tablet computers operating on the Apple and Android platforms in February 2013. Like Nick.com, a TV Everywhere login code provided by participating subscription providers is required to view individual episodes of the network's series. Nickelodeon Movies is a motion picture production unit that was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360376\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Teen\",\n \"text\": \"definition only by the Canalsat bouquet and also broadcast in SD and HD by Canalsat ADSL/Fibre. The channel is also available on Numericable bouquet in HD. Nickelodeon Teen Nickelodeon Teen (formerly Nickelodeon 4Teen) is a French television channel owned by MTV Networks France. It is the French version of the American channel TeenNick. Although, like it's French sister channels, the Nickelodeon is extended and is not in front of the word 'Teen'. On November 16, 2014, Viacom announced that the channel Nickelodeon 4Teen would launch on November 19, 2014 at 18:00. The channel primarily targets at teenagers between 13 and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19420204\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Philippines)\",\n \"text\": \"TV5's programming. \\\"Yo Gabba Gabba!\\\", also a Nickelodeon production, was the only Nick program retained by TV5 after losing its rights to ABS-CBN. Although produced by Nickelodeon, it wasn't dubbed to Filipino as the contract have been already expired. \\\"SpongeBob SquarePants\\\" was also aired on Q (now GMA News TV) weekday mornings until February 18, 2011 when the network was discontinued. It wasn't dubbed in Filipino either. ABS-CBN launched \\\"Nick Time\\\" (later Nickelodeon on ABS-CBN) on July 26, 2010 at under their \\\"Team Animazing\\\" timeblock. Nickelodeon shows such as \\\"Dora the Explorer\\\", \\\"SpongeBob SquarePants\\\", \\\"The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron\\\", and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15416970\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Germany)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Germany) Nickelodeon Germany is a German free-to-air television channel in Germany, part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Launched in 2005, Nickelodeon is based in Berlin. The channel is available on subscription services and as an unscrambled, free-to-air (FTA) satellite signal. On 31 March 2010, the channel adopted the name Nickelodeon on-air and online, in addition to the new Nickelodeon logo and graphical package being rolled out internationally at the time. Since then, the channel is also broadcast in English in addition to German on a secondary audio track. The original version of Nickelodeon was launched on 5 July 1995\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10148543\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Launch Box\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Launch Box Nickelodeon Launch Box is an educational television series that was produced jointly by Nickelodeon and NASA. It was meant to teach kids about space travel technology. As part of the Cable in the Classroom service, the show was intended to be taped by teachers and shown in the classroom. Each episode also included a teachers portion before and after where ideas for lessons and other aides were discussed. The show was taped before a live studio audience at Nickelodeon Studios and made use of many sets for Nickelodeon shows such as \\\"What Would You Do?\\\" and \\\"Double\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7479234\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Croatia)\",\n \"text\": \"4:00PM Nick Jr. is a programming block on Nickelodeon that airs pre school content. Nickelodeon (Croatia) Nickelodeon Croatia is a Croatian cable and digital satellite television network dedicated to kids. It was launched in December 2011. The channel broadcasts 24 hours a day. All animated and live-action shows are dubbed into the Croatian language. Dubs are made by NET studio. The channel is served by the Pan-European feed. The channel is completely dubbed into Croatian. The dubs are made by NET studio. This programming block starts every Sunday at 4:45PM and airs special episodes and nickelodeon movies. This programming block\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14546211\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Rewind\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Rewind Nickelodeon Rewind is a spin-off brand of Nickelodeon consisting of DVDs, digital downloads, television blocks, T-shirts, and other merchandise having to do with programs formerly aired on the channel. Beginning in June 2010, Nickelodeon Rewind was featured as a part of Comcast On Demand programming, with a lineup that features Nicktoons that aired in the 1990s. Select episodes of \\\"The Angry Beavers\\\", \\\"Hey Arnold!\\\", \\\"Rugrats\\\", and \\\"Doug\\\", were available until December 31, 2010. Nickelodeon Rewind was originally a collection of DVDs and merchandise that featured \\\"classic\\\" Nickelodeon television shows such as \\\"Clarissa Explains It All\\\", \\\"The Adventures of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6934713\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"a.m. to 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time. Nickelodeon launched on April 1, 1979, initially distributed to Warner Cable systems via satellite on the RCA Satcom-1 transponder. Originally commercial-free, advertising was introduced in January 1984. Nickelodeon's schedule currently consists largely of original series aimed at children, pre-teens and young teenagers, including animated series (such as \\\"SpongeBob SquarePants\\\", \\\"ALVINNN!!! and the Chipmunks\\\", \\\"The Loud House\\\", \\\"Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles\\\", and \\\"The Adventures of Kid Danger\\\"), to live-action comedy and action series (such as \\\"Power Rangers Ninja Steel\\\", \\\"The Thundermans\\\", \\\"Henry Danger\\\", \\\"Game Shakers\\\", \\\"School of Rock\\\", along with the month-long\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360354\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Latin America)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Latin America) Nickelodeon is a Latin American pay television channel, counterpart of the American network of the same name. It is oriented to the It is owned by Viacom and was launched on 20 December 1996. It includes shows like Skimo and the hit teen drama Isa TKM and its successor Isa TK+. Nickelodeon is divided into four regional feeds: three (North, Central and South) in Spanish, and one (Brazil) in Portuguese. The channel was launched on 20 December 1996 in Latin America as a cartoon-oriented channel, being the main competitor of Cartoon Network, which was launched three years\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10722742\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Portugal)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon (Portugal) Nickelodeon Portugal (formerly Nick Portugal) is a Portuguese digital cable and satellite television, which is the fourth Portuguese television network mostly for children and teens. The network launched on June 1, 2005. Initially, Nickelodeon Portugal relayed the Central European feed with a Portuguese audio track and partial local breaks. This changed on September 1, 2009, when the feed source changed to the Spanish feed. On April 1, 2010, Nickelodeon adopted the new typographical logo that is currently being used on the network in other countries around the world. The channel has been broadcasting in since 22 November 2012.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13259560\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"2002, and was spun off into a standalone channel on December 31, 2007, when it took over the satellite transponder of Nickelodeon Games and Sports. On September 28, 2009, the network was rebranded as TeenNick, named after the former TEENick block that aired on Nickelodeon from July 2000 to February 2009. Although TeenNick has more relaxed program standards than the other Nickelodeon channels (save for Nick at Nite and the Nickmom block on Nick Jr.) – allowing for moderate profanity, suggestive dialogue and some violent content – the network has shifted its lineup almost exclusively towards current and former Nickelodeon\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360366\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Rewind\",\n \"text\": \"allegedly stated that Nick GAS would be replaced with a television channel called Nickelodeon Rewind around 2008. However, the channel was replaced with The N when it shut down on December 31, 2007. There has not been any news about it ever since and was possibly scrapped due to budget issues. Several years later, in September 2015, Nickelodeon teased a new block called The Splat, which would exclusively play 1990s and early 2000s Nickelodeon shows. Because details were vague, it was widely speculated that The Splat (now NickSplat) would be a separate network, replacing either TeenNick or Nicktoons. These rumors\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6934720\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (South Korea)\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon began on August 1, 2005, before the formal launch in late 2005. This was a result of a deal between On-Media (then owned by Orion Group) and MTV Networks Asia. The channel was initially branded as Nick, and was exclusively available on cable TV providers. A Nickelodeon-branded programming block was also launched on On-Media's Tooniverse around that time. In around November 2008, the channel became a subsidiary of C&M Communication, along with MTV, when On-Media sold a percentage of its shares in On Music Network (which later became MTV Networks Korea). But a Nickelodeon block on Tooniverse continued to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13833698\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon Universe\",\n \"text\": \"Nickelodeon Universe Nickelodeon Universe (originally Knott's Camp Snoopy, later known as The Park at MOA) is the seven-acre (28,000 m²) indoor amusement park in the center of the Mall of America (MOA), in Bloomington, Minnesota, USA & at American Dream Meadowlands in East Rutherford NJ (Opening in April 2019) On August 18, 2009, Nickelodeon and Southern Star Amusement announced that the second Nickelodeon Universe would be in New Orleans, Louisiana and tentatively would open around the end of 2010. It was set to be the first outdoor Nickelodeon Universe theme park, but on November 9, 2009, Nickelodeon announced that it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1975357\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon (Germany)\",\n \"text\": \"December 2007 as Nick Premium. In 2009, Nickelodeon announced that Nick Premium would be rebranded as Nicktoons. The channel airs animated programs from Nickelodeon. Nick Jr. is a channel that broadcasts to younger kids. The channel was launched on 12 September 2005 as a block and on 31 March 2009 as a channel. Before the channel launched, some programs were broadcast on Super RTL and Disney Channel. Shown with their German titles in brackets. Nickelodeon (Germany) Nickelodeon Germany is a German free-to-air television channel in Germany, part of the international Nickelodeon franchise. Launched in 2005, Nickelodeon is based in Berlin.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10148550\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nickelodeon\",\n \"text\": \"network ventured into scripted originals with the 2010 debut of \\\"Hot in Cleveland\\\". On December 17, 2006, Viacom's MTV Networks Kids & Family Group division took over operational responsibilities for TV Land from Nick at Nite (concurrent with Nickelodeon taking operational duties for Nick at Nite), though TV Land continues to be operated as part of the company's Viacom Media Networks unit. Nickelodeon Games and Sports for Kids (commonly branded as Nickelodeon GAS or Nick GAS), was a pay television network that launched on March 1, 1999, as part of the suite of high-tier channels launched by MTV Networks. It\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1360369\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["warner amex"],"string":"[\n \"warner amex\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":92,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which element along with polonium did the curies discover?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Polonium","text":"the Curies while they were investigating the cause of pitchblende radioactivity. Pitchblende, after removal of the radioactive elements uranium and thorium, was more radioactive than the uranium and thorium combined. This spurred the Curies to search for additional radioactive elements. They first separated out polonium from pitchblende in July 1898, and five months later, also isolated radium. German scientist Willy Marckwald successfully isolated 3 milligrams of polonium in 1902, though at the time he believed it was a new element, which he dubbed \"radio-tellurium\", and it was not until 1905 that it was demonstrated to be the same as polonium.","psg_id":"313421"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"the Curies while they were investigating the cause of pitchblende radioactivity. Pitchblende, after removal of the radioactive elements uranium and thorium, was more radioactive than the uranium and thorium combined. This spurred the Curies to search for additional radioactive elements. They first separated out polonium from pitchblende in July 1898, and five months later, also isolated radium. German scientist Willy Marckwald successfully isolated 3 milligrams of polonium in 1902, though at the time he believed it was a new element, which he dubbed \\\"radio-tellurium\\\", and it was not until 1905 that it was demonstrated to be the same as polonium.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313421\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Polonium","text":"and sources of neutrons and alpha particles. This radioactivity makes polonium dangerously toxic. Po is an alpha emitter that has a half-life of 138.4 days; it decays directly to its stable daughter isotope, Pb. A milligram (5 curies) of Po emits about as many alpha particles per second as 5 grams of Ra. A few curies (1 curie equals 37 gigabecquerels, 1 Ci = 37 GBq) of Po emit a blue glow which is caused by ionisation of the surrounding air. About one in 100,000 alpha emissions causes an excitation in the nucleus which then results in the emission of","psg_id":"313413"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"decay of radium-226 from fertilizers applied to the tobacco soils. The presence of polonium in tobacco smoke has been known since the early 1960s. Some of the world's biggest tobacco firms researched ways to remove the substance—to no avail—over a 40-year period. The results were never published. Polonium is found in the food chain, especially in seafood. Polonium Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84. A rare and highly radioactive metal with no stable isotopes, polonium is chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neighbors in the","psg_id":"313449"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"Today, polonium is usually produced in milligram quantities by the neutron irradiation of bismuth. Due to its intense radioactivity, which results in the radiolysis of chemical bonds and radioactive self-heating, its chemistry has mostly been investigated on the trace scale only. Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie, when it was extracted from uranium ore and identified solely by its strong radioactivity: it was the first element to be so discovered. Polonium was named after Marie Curie's homeland of Poland. Polonium has few applications, and those are related to its radioactivity: heaters in space probes, antistatic devices,","psg_id":"313412"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"radioactive noble gas radon-222, some of which, during its 3.8-day half-life, diffuses into the atmosphere. There it decays through several more steps to polonium-210, much of which, during its 138-day half-life, is washed back down to the Earth's surface, thus entering the biosphere, before finally decaying to stable lead-206. As early as the 1920s Antoine Lacassagne, using polonium provided by his colleague Marie Curie, showed that the element has a specific pattern of uptake in rabbit tissues, with high concentrations, particularly in liver, kidney, and testes. More recent evidence suggests that this behavior results from polonium substituting for its congener","psg_id":"313447"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"sulfur, also in group 16 of the periodic table, in sulfur-containing amino-acids or related molecules and that similar patterns of distribution occur in human tissues. Polonium is indeed an element naturally present in all humans, contributing appreciably to natural background dose, with wide geographical and cultural variations, and particularly high levels in arctic residents, for example. Polonium-210 in tobacco contributes to many of the cases of lung cancer worldwide. Most of this polonium is derived from lead-210 deposited on tobacco leaves from the atmosphere; the lead-210 is a product of radon-222 gas, much of which appears to originate from the","psg_id":"313448"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"Polonium Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84. A rare and highly radioactive metal with no stable isotopes, polonium is chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neighbors in the periodic table: thallium, lead, and bismuth. Due to the short half-life of all its isotopes, its natural occurrence is limited to tiny traces of the fleeting polonium-210 (with a half-life of 138 days) in uranium ores, as it is the penultimate daughter of natural uranium-238. Though slightly longer-lived isotopes exist, they are much more difficult to produce.","psg_id":"313411"},{"title":"Polonium trioxide","text":"that polonium trioxide may be formed by heating polonium dioxide and chromium trioxide together in air. It is very difficult to oxidize polonium beyond Po(IV); for example, the only hexahalide of polonium is the hexafluoride, PoF, and fluorine is already the most electronegative element (though polonium hexaiodide was once reportedly formed in the vapour phase, it immediately decomposed). However, the difficulty in obtaining polonium trioxide and polonates (containing the anion, analogous to sulfate, selenate, and tellurate) by direct oxidation of Po(IV) compounds may be due to the fact that polonium-210, while the most easily available isotope of polonium, is strongly","psg_id":"16585950"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"a gamma ray with a maximum energy of 803 keV. Polonium is a radioactive element that exists in two metallic allotropes. The alpha form is the only known example of a simple cubic crystal structure in a single atom basis at STP, with an edge length of 335.2 picometers; the beta form is rhombohedral. The structure of polonium has been characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction. Po (in common with Pu) has the ability to become airborne with ease: if a sample is heated in air to , 50% of it is vaporized in 45 hours to form diatomic","psg_id":"313414"},{"title":"Period 6 element","text":"element with the symbol Po and atomic number 84, discovered in 1898 by Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie. A rare and highly radioactive element, polonium is chemically similar to bismuth and tellurium, and it occurs in uraniumores. Polonium has been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. As it is unstable, all isotopes of polonium are radioactive. There is disagreement as to whether polonium is a post-transition metal or metalloid. Astatine is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol At and atomic number 85. It occurs on the Earth only as the result of decay of heavier elements, and decays","psg_id":"1533347"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"isotope. The DoE factsheet submitted for this experiment reported no follow up on these subjects. It has also been suggested that Irène Joliot-Curie was the first person to die from the radiation effects of polonium. She was accidentally exposed to polonium in 1946 when a sealed capsule of the element exploded on her laboratory bench. In 1956, she died from leukemia. According to the 2008 book \"The Bomb in the Basement\", several deaths in Israel during 1957–1969 were caused by Po. A leak was discovered at a Weizmann Institute laboratory in 1957. Traces of Po were found on the hands","psg_id":"313441"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"conclusions could not be drawn as to whether the Palestinian leader was poisoned or not\", and that \"the only way to confirm the findings would be to exhume Arafat's body to test it for polonium-210.\" On 27 November 2012 Arafat's body was exhumed, and samples were taken for separate analysis by experts from France, Switzerland and Russia. On 12 October 2013, \"The Lancet\" published the group's finding that high levels of the element were found in Arafat's blood, urine, and in saliva stains on his clothes and toothbrush. The French tests later found some polonium but stated it was from","psg_id":"313444"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH), which only produces elemental polonium, and the reaction of hydrochloric acid with magnesium polonide (MgPo). The fact that these synthesis routes do not work may be caused by the radiolysis of polonium hydride upon formation. Trace quantities of polonium hydride may be prepared by reacting hydrochloric acid with polonium-plated magnesium foil. In addition, the diffusion of trace quantities of polonium in palladium or platinum that is saturated with hydrogen (see palladium hydride) may be due to the formation and migration of polonium hydride. Experiments conducted on the trace scale show indications that the reaction between polonium","psg_id":"13878108"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"Polonium hydride Polonium hydride (also known as polonium dihydride, hydrogen polonide, or polane) is a chemical compound with the formula PoH. It is a liquid at room temperature, the second hydrogen chalcogenide with this property after water. It is very unstable chemically and tends to decompose into elemental polonium and hydrogen; like all polonium compounds, it is highly radioactive. It is a volatile and very labile compound, from which many polonides can be derived. Polonium hydride cannot be produced by direct reaction from the elements upon heating. Other unsuccessful routes to synthesis include the reaction of polonium tetrachloride (PoCl) with","psg_id":"13878112"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"Polonium hydride Polonium hydride (also known as polonium dihydride, hydrogen polonide, or polane) is a chemical compound with the formula PoH. It is a liquid at room temperature, the second hydrogen chalcogenide with this property after water. It is very unstable chemically and tends to decompose into elemental polonium and hydrogen; like all polonium compounds, it is highly radioactive. It is a volatile and very labile compound, from which many polonides can be derived. Polonium hydride cannot be produced by direct reaction from the elements upon heating. Other unsuccessful routes to synthesis include the reaction of polonium tetrachloride (PoCl) with","psg_id":"13878107"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"In the United States, polonium was produced as part of the Manhattan Project's Dayton Project during World War II. It was a critical part of the implosion-type nuclear weapon design used in the Fat Man bomb on Nagasaki in 1945. Polonium and beryllium were the key ingredients of the 'urchin' detonator at the center of the bomb's spherical plutonium pit. The urchin ignited the nuclear chain reaction at the moment of prompt-criticality to ensure the bomb did not fizzle. Much of the basic physics of polonium was classified until after the war. The fact that it was used as an","psg_id":"313422"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"polonium ionizes the solvent and converts Po into Po. This process is accompanied by bubbling and emission of heat and light by glassware due to the absorbed alpha particles; as a result, polonium solutions are volatile and will evaporate within days unless sealed. At pH about 1, polonium ions are readily hydrolyzed and complexed by acids such as oxalic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid. Polonium has no common compounds, and almost all of its compounds are synthetically created; more than 50 of those are known. The most stable class of polonium compounds are polonides, which are prepared by direct","psg_id":"313416"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"room temperature. Tetrahalides can be obtained by reacting polonium dioxide with HCl, HBr or HI. Other polonium compounds include potassium polonite as a polonite, polonate, acetate, bromate, carbonate, citrate, chromate, cyanide, formate, (II) and (IV) hydroxides, nitrate, selenate, selenite, monosulfide, sulfate, disulfate and sulfite. Oxides Hydrides Halides Polonium has 33 known isotopes, all of which are radioactive. They have atomic masses that range from 188 to 220 u. Po (half-life 138.376 days) is the most widely available and is made via neutron capture by natural bismuth. The longer-lived Po (half-life years, longest-lived of all polonium isotopes) and Po (half-life 2.9","psg_id":"313419"},{"title":"Polonium trioxide","text":"radioactive. Similar work with curium shows that it is easier to achieve higher oxidation states with longer-lived isotopes; thus, it may be easier to obtain Po(VI) (especially polonium trioxide) using the longer-lived polonium-208 or polonium-209. It has been suggested that Po(VI) might be more stabilized in anions such as or , like other high oxidation states. Polonium trioxide Polonium trioxide (also known as polonium(VI) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium dioxide (PoO). It is an interchalcogen. It has so far","psg_id":"16585951"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"the scarcity of polonium in nature and the high temperatures (250 °C) required to form the dioxide. Polonium dioxide is prepared by reacting elemental polonium with oxygen at 250 °C or by thermal decomposition of polonium(IV) hydroxide (PoO(OH)), polonium disulfate (Po(SO)), polonium selenate (Po(SeO)), or polonium tetranitrate (Po(NO)). When placed in hydrogen, polonium dioxide is slowly reduced to metallic polonium at 200 °C; the same reduction occurs at 250 °C in ammonia or hydrogen sulfide. When heated in sulfur dioxide at 250 °C, a white compound is formed, possibly a polonium sulfite. When polonium dioxide is hydrated, polonous acid (HPoO),","psg_id":"16587972"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"selenol and tellurol). However, no salts from polonium hydride are known. An example of a polonide is lead polonide (PbPo), which occurs naturally as lead is formed in the alpha decay of polonium. Polonium hydride is difficult to work with due to the extreme radioactivity of polonium and its compounds and has only been prepared in very dilute tracer quantities. As a result, its physical properties are not definitely known. It is also unknown if polonium hydride forms an acidic solution in water like its lighter homologues, or if it behaves more like a metal hydride (see also hydrogen astatide).","psg_id":"13878111"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"and similar authorities as they are not considered hazardous. Small amounts of Po are manufactured for sale to the public in the United States as 'needle sources' for laboratory experimentation, and they are retailed by scientific supply companies. The polonium is a layer of plating which in turn is plated with a material such as gold, which allows the alpha radiation (used in experiments such as cloud chambers) to pass while preventing the polonium from being released and presenting a toxic hazard. According to United Nuclear, they typically sell between four and eight such sources per year. Polonium spark plugs","psg_id":"313430"},{"title":"Polonium tetrachloride","text":"Polonium tetrachloride forms a complex with two moles of tributyl phosphate. Like selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride, polonium tetrachloride forms and halogen complexes. Polonium tetrachloride Polonium tetrachloride (also known as polonium(IV) chloride) is a chemical compound with the formula PoCl. It is a hygroscopic bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Above 200 °C, it tends to decompose into polonium dichloride and excess chlorine, similar to selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride. Polonium tetrachloride is either monoclinic or triclinic. Polonium tetrachloride is bright yellow at room temperature. At its melting point (300 °C), it becomes straw yellow, and at its boiling","psg_id":"16587482"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"Polonium dioxide Polonium dioxide (also known as polonium(IV) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium trioxide (PoO). It is a pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Under lowered pressure (such as a vacuum), it decomposes into elemental polonium and oxygen at 500 °C. It is the most stable oxide of polonium and is an interchalcogen. At room temperature, polonium dioxide has a face-centered cubic (fluorite) crystal structure; upon heating to high temperatures, it crystallises in the tetragonal crystal system. The","psg_id":"16587970"},{"title":"Polonium trioxide","text":"Polonium trioxide Polonium trioxide (also known as polonium(VI) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium dioxide (PoO). It is an interchalcogen. It has so far only been detected in traces. It has been reported that trace quantities of polonium trioxide form during the anodic deposition of polonium from acidic solutions; although there is no experimental evidence for this, the fact that the deposit dissolves in hydrogen peroxide suggests that it contains polonium in a high oxidation state. It has been predicted","psg_id":"16585949"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"out. Gloves made of natural rubber do not provide sufficient protection against the radiation from polonium; surgical gloves are necessary. Neoprene gloves shield radiation from polonium better than natural rubber. Polonium dioxide Polonium dioxide (also known as polonium(IV) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium trioxide (PoO). It is a pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Under lowered pressure (such as a vacuum), it decomposes into elemental polonium and oxygen at 500 °C. It is the most stable oxide of","psg_id":"16587975"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"easily if polonium is ingested, inhaled, or absorbed, although they do not penetrate the epidermis and hence are not hazardous as long as the alpha particles remain outside the body. Wearing chemically resistant and intact gloves is a mandatory precaution to avoid transcutaneous diffusion of polonium directly through the skin. Polonium delivered in concentrated nitric acid can easily diffuse through inadequate gloves (e.g., latex gloves) or the acid may damage the gloves. It has been reported that some microbes can methylate polonium by the action of methylcobalamin. This is similar to the way in which mercury, selenium, and tellurium are","psg_id":"313433"},{"title":"Operation Sandstone","text":"firings. More efficient weapons would require less efficient initiators. This meant that less polonium would be required. At the time of Sandstone, the national stockpile of polonium-beryllium initiators consisted of 50 A-Class initiators, with more than 25 curies of polonium, and 13 B-Class initiators with 12 to 25 curies. During Sandstone, at least one test would be conducted with a B-Class initiator. The tests were authorized by President Harry S. Truman on June 27, 1947. The Atomic Energy Commission's Director of Military Applications, Brigadier General James McCormack and his deputy, Captain James S. Russell, met with Bradbury and John Manley","psg_id":"3115545"},{"title":"Polonium tetrachloride","text":"Polonium tetrachloride Polonium tetrachloride (also known as polonium(IV) chloride) is a chemical compound with the formula PoCl. It is a hygroscopic bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Above 200 °C, it tends to decompose into polonium dichloride and excess chlorine, similar to selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride. Polonium tetrachloride is either monoclinic or triclinic. Polonium tetrachloride is bright yellow at room temperature. At its melting point (300 °C), it becomes straw yellow, and at its boiling point (390 °C), it becomes scarlet. Its vapours are purple-brown until 500 °C, when they turn blue-green. Polonium tetrachloride may be prepared by:","psg_id":"16587481"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"Po molecules, even though the melting point of polonium is and its boiling point is . More than one hypothesis exists for how polonium does this; one suggestion is that small clusters of polonium atoms are spalled off by the alpha decay. The chemistry of polonium is similar to that of tellurium, although it also shows some similarities to its neighbor bismuth due to its metallic character. Polonium dissolves readily in dilute acids but is only slightly soluble in alkalis. Polonium solutions are first colored in pink by the Po ions, but then rapidly become yellow because alpha radiation from","psg_id":"313415"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"and hydrogen selenide, and decomposes into its constituent elements, releasing heat in the process. The amount of heat given off in the decomposition of polonium hydride is over 100 kJ/mol, the largest of all the hydrogen chalcogenides. Polonium hydride is a liquid due to van der Waals forces, and not due to the same reason as why water (hydrogen oxide) is liquid (hydrogen bonding). It is predicted that, like the other hydrogen chalcogenides, polonium may form two types of salts: polonide (containing the Po anion) and one from polonium hydride (containing –PoH, which would be the polonium analogue of thiol,","psg_id":"13878110"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"purchases of more than of polonium-210 (enough to make up 5,000 lethal doses). The IAEA \"is said to be considering tighter regulations ... There is talk that it might tighten the polonium reporting requirement by a factor of 10, to .\" As of 2013, this is still the only alpha emitting byproduct material available, as a NRC Exempt Quantity, which may be held without a radioactive material license. Polonium and its compounds must be handled in a glove box, which is further enclosed in another box, maintained at a slightly higher pressure than the glove box to prevent the radioactive","psg_id":"313438"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"reaction of polonium dioxide with potassium hydroxide or potassium nitrate in air gives the colourless potassium polonite (KPoO): Polonium dioxide is closely related to the polonite anion (), similar to the relationship between polonium trioxide and the polonate anion (). Polonium dioxide has no uses outside of basic research. All polonium compounds, such as polonium dioxide, are extremely radioactive and thus must be handled in a glove box. The glove box must further be enclosed in another box similar to the glove box, maintained at a slightly lower pressure than the glove box to prevent the radioactive materials from leaking","psg_id":"16587974"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"materials from leaking out. Gloves made of natural rubber do not provide sufficient protection against the radiation from polonium; surgical gloves are necessary. Neoprene gloves shield radiation from polonium better than natural rubber. Polonium was administered to humans for experimental purposes from 1943 to 1947; it was injected into four hospitalised patients, and orally given to a fifth. Studies such as this were funded by the Manhattan Project and the AEC and conducted at the University of Rochester. The objective was to obtain data on human excretion of polonium to correlate with more extensive data from rats. Patients selected as","psg_id":"313439"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"a pale yellow, voluminous precipitate, is formed. Despite its name, polonous acid is an amphoteric compound, reacting with both acids and bases. Halogenation of polonium dioxide with the hydrogen halides yields the polonium tetrahalides: In reactions, polonium dioxide behaves very much like its homologue tellurium dioxide, forming Po(IV) salts; however, the acidic character of the chalcogen oxides decreases going down the group, and polonium dioxide and polonium(IV) hydroxide are much less acidic than their lighter homologues. For example, SO, SO, SeO, SeO and TeO are acidic, but TeO is amphoteric, and PoO, while amphoteric, even shows some basic character. The","psg_id":"16587973"},{"title":"Polonium dichloride","text":"Polonium dichloride Polonium dichloride is a chemical compound of the radioactive metalloid polonium and chlorine. Its chemical formula is PoCl. Polonium dichloride appears to crystallise with an orthorhombic unit cell in either the \"P\"222, \"P\"mm2 or \"Pmmm\" space group, although this is likely a pseudo-cell. Alternatively, the true space group may be monoclinic or triclinic, with one or more cell angles close to 90°. Assuming the space group is \"P\"222, the structure exhibits distorted cubic coordination of Po as {PoCl} and distorted square planar coordination of Cl as {ClPo}. PoCl can be obtained either by halogenation of polonium metal or","psg_id":"13551642"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"general population is exposed to small amounts of polonium as a radon daughter in indoor air; the isotopes Po and Po are thought to cause the majority of the estimated 15,000–22,000 lung cancer deaths in the US every year that have been attributed to indoor radon. Tobacco smoking causes additional exposure to polonium. The maximum allowable body burden for ingested Po is only , which is equivalent to a particle massing only 6.8 picograms. The maximum permissible workplace concentration of airborne Po is about 10 Bq/m ( µCi/cm). The target organs for polonium in humans are the spleen and liver.","psg_id":"313436"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"reaction of two elements. NaPo has the antifluorite structure, the polonides of Ca, Ba, Hg, Pb and lanthanides form a NaCl lattice, BePo and CdPo have the wurtzite and MgPo the nickel arsenide structure. Most polonides decompose upon heating to about 600 °C, except for HgPo that decomposes at ~300 °C and the lanthanide polonides, which do not decompose but melt at temperatures above 1000 °C. For example, PrPo melts at 1250 °C and TmPo at 2200 °C. PbPo is one of the very few naturally occurring polonium compounds, as polonium alpha decays to form lead. Polonium hydride () is","psg_id":"313417"},{"title":"Isotopes of polonium","text":"Isotopes of polonium Polonium (Po) has 33 isotopes, all of which are radioactive, with between 186 and 227 nucleons. Po with a half-life of 138.376 days has the longest half-life of naturally occurring polonium. Po with a half-life of 125 years has the longest half-life of all isotopes of polonium. Po and Po (half-life 2.9 years) can be made through the alpha, proton, or deuteron bombardment of lead or bismuth in a cyclotron. Po is an alpha emitter that has a half-life of 138.376 days; it decays directly to stable Pb. A milligram of Po emits as many alpha particles","psg_id":"5874500"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"a volatile liquid at room temperature prone to dissociation; it is thermally unstable. Water is the only other known hydrogen chalcogenide which is a liquid at room temperature; however, this is due to hydrogen bonding. The two oxides PoO and PoO are the products of oxidation of polonium. Halides of the structure PoX, PoX and PoF are known. They are soluble in the corresponding hydrogen halides, i.e., PoCl in HCl, PoBr in HBr and PoI in HI. Polonium dihalides are formed by direct reaction of the elements or by reduction of PoCl with SO and with PoBr with HS at","psg_id":"313418"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"is created, which then decays to Po via beta-minus decay. The final purification is done pyrochemically followed by liquid-liquid extraction techniques. Polonium may now be made in milligram amounts in this procedure which uses high neutron fluxes found in nuclear reactors. Only about 100 grams are produced each year, practically all of it in Russia, making polonium exceedingly rare. This process can cause problems in lead-bismuth based liquid metal cooled nuclear reactors such as those used in the Soviet Navy's K-27. Measures must be taken in these reactors to deal with the unwanted possibility of Po being released from the","psg_id":"313425"},{"title":"Polonium dichloride","text":"red solution followed by a flaky white precipitate of unknown composition. Polonium dichloride Polonium dichloride is a chemical compound of the radioactive metalloid polonium and chlorine. Its chemical formula is PoCl. Polonium dichloride appears to crystallise with an orthorhombic unit cell in either the \"P\"222, \"P\"mm2 or \"Pmmm\" space group, although this is likely a pseudo-cell. Alternatively, the true space group may be monoclinic or triclinic, with one or more cell angles close to 90°. Assuming the space group is \"P\"222, the structure exhibits distorted cubic coordination of Po as {PoCl} and distorted square planar coordination of Cl as {ClPo}.","psg_id":"13551644"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"highly dangerous and has no biological role. By mass, polonium-210 is around 250,000 times more toxic than hydrogen cyanide (the for Po is less than 1 microgram for an average adult (see below) compared with about 250 milligrams for hydrogen cyanide). The main hazard is its intense radioactivity (as an alpha emitter), which makes it difficult to handle safely. Even in microgram amounts, handling Po is extremely dangerous, requiring specialized equipment (a negative pressure alpha glove box equipped with high-performance filters), adequate monitoring, and strict handling procedures to avoid any contamination. Alpha particles emitted by polonium will damage organic tissue","psg_id":"313432"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"be bought in any amount under a \"general license\", which means that a buyer need not be registered by any authorities. Polonium needs to be replaced in these devices nearly every year because of its short half-life; it is also highly radioactive and therefore has been mostly replaced by less dangerous beta particle sources. Tiny amounts of Po are sometimes used in the laboratory and for teaching purposes—typically of the order of , in the form of sealed sources, with the polonium deposited on a substrate or in a resin or polymer matrix—are often exempt from licensing by the NRC","psg_id":"313429"},{"title":"Period 6 element","text":"period 6 other metals are incredibly toxic, such as thallium. Period 6 contains the last stable element, lead. All subsequent elements in the periodic table are radioactive. After bismuth, which has a half-life or more than 10 years, polonium, astatine, and radon are some of the shortest-lived and rarest elements known; less than a gram of astatine is estimated to exist on earth at any given time. Caesium or cesium is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C (82 °F), which makes","psg_id":"1533307"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"methylated in living things to create organometallic compounds. Studies investigating the metabolism of polonium-210 in rats have shown that only 0.002 to 0.009% of polonium-210 ingested is excreted as volatile polonium-210. The median lethal dose (LD) for acute radiation exposure is about 4.5 Sv. The committed effective dose equivalent Po is 0.51 µSv/Bq if ingested, and 2.5 µSv/Bq if inhaled. So a fatal 4.5 Sv dose can be caused by ingesting , about 50 nanograms (ng), or inhaling , about 10 ng. One gram of Po could thus in theory poison 20 million people of whom 10 million would die.","psg_id":"313434"},{"title":"Polonium dioxide","text":"cubic form is pale yellow, while the tetragonal form is red. Polonium dioxide darkens upon heating, and is chocolate brown at its sublimation point, 885 °C. The ionic radius of the ion is 1.02 or 1.04 Å; thus, the ratio of the ionic radii / is about 0.73, the lower limit of stability for the cubic crystal system, allowing polonium dioxide to have two modifications. When freshly prepared, polonium dioxide is always in the tetragonal form, and changes to the cubic form after being left to stand or after being cooled strongly. Polonium dioxide does not occur naturally due to","psg_id":"16587971"},{"title":"Polonium hydride","text":"metal and nascent hydrogen may produce polonium hydride. Polonium hydride is a more covalent compound than most metal hydrides because polonium straddles the border between metals and metalloids and has some nonmetallic properties. It is intermediate between a hydrogen halide like hydrogen chloride and a metal hydride like stannane. It should have properties similar to that of hydrogen selenide and hydrogen telluride, other borderline hydrides. It is very unstable at room temperature and must be stored at freezer temperatures to prevent reversion to elemental polonium and hydrogen; this is because it is an endothermic compound, like the lighter hydrogen telluride","psg_id":"13878109"},{"title":"Synthetic element","text":"short half-lives. The following elements do not occur naturally on Earth. All are transuranium elements and have atomic numbers of 95 and higher. All elements with atomic numbers 1 through 94 are naturally occurring at least in trace quantities, but the following elements are often produced through synthesis. Except for polonium, francium, actinium, and protactinium, they were all discovered through synthesis before being found in nature. Synthetic element In chemistry, a synthetic element is a chemical element that does not occur naturally on Earth, and can only be created artificially. So far, 24 synthetic elements have been created (those with","psg_id":"401232"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"of this type, with an individual activity of , have been used annually in the Soviet Union. Polonium was also part of brushes or more complex tools that eliminate static charges in photographic plates, textile mills, paper rolls, sheet plastics, and on substrates (such as automotive) prior to the application of coatings. Alpha particles emitted by polonium ionize air molecules that neutralize charges on the nearby surfaces. Some anti-static brushes contain up to of Po as a source of charged particles for neutralizing static electricity. In the US, the devices with no more than of (sealed) Po per unit can","psg_id":"313428"},{"title":"Operation Sandstone","text":"month. A \"Fat Man\" core required about of plutonium, of which 21% fissioned. Plutonium production fell off during 1946 due to swelling of the reactors' graphite neutron moderators. This is known as the Wigner effect, after its discoverer, the Manhattan Project scientist Eugene Wigner. These reactors were also required for the production (by irradiation of bismuth-209) of polonium-210, which was used in the initiators, a critical component of the nuclear weapons. Some of bismuth-209 had to be irradiated for 100 days to produce 600 curies of polonium-210, a little over . Because polonium-210 has a half-life of only 138 days,","psg_id":"3115539"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"coolant. The longer-lived isotopes of polonium, Po and Po, can be formed by proton or deuteron bombardment of bismuth using a cyclotron. Other more neutron-rich and more unstable isotopes can be formed by the irradiation of platinum with carbon nuclei. Polonium-based sources of alpha particles were produced in the former Soviet Union. Such sources were applied for measuring the thickness of industrial coatings via attenuation of alpha radiation. Because of intense alpha radiation, a one-gram sample of Po will spontaneously heat up to above generating about 140 watts of power. Therefore, Po is used as an atomic heat source to","psg_id":"313426"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"in biological specimens by alpha particle spectrometry to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized patients or to provide evidence in a medicolegal death investigation. The baseline urinary excretion of polonium-210 in healthy persons due to routine exposure to environmental sources is normally in a range of 5–15 mBq/day. Levels in excess of 30 mBq/day are suggestive of excessive exposure to the radionuclide. Polonium-210 is widespread in the biosphere, including in human tissues, because of its position in the uranium-238 decay chain. Natural uranium-238 in the Earth's crust decays through a series of solid radioactive intermediates including radium-226 to the","psg_id":"313446"},{"title":"HPE Discover","text":"HPE Discover HPE Discover is the Hewlett Packard Enterprise showcase technology event for business and government customers. In 2011, HP Enterprise Business, along with participating independent user groups, combined its annual HP Software Universe, HP Technology Forum and HP Technology@Work into a single event, HP Discover. There are now two HPE Discover events annually, one for the Americas and one for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Since the split of Hewlett-Packard into HP Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Discover was replaced with HPE Discover focusing on the enterprise company's products and services. HP Discover 2011 Americas took place","psg_id":"15429737"},{"title":"Discover Card","text":"Discover Card Discover is a credit card brand issued primarily in the United States. It was introduced by Sears in 1985. When launched, Discover did not charge an annual fee and offered a higher-than-normal credit limit, features that were disruptive to the existing credit card industry. A subsequent innovation was \"Cashback Bonus\" on purchases. Most cards with the Discover brand are issued by Discover Bank, formerly the Greenwood Trust Company. Discover transactions are processed through the Discover Network payment network. In 2005, Discover Financial Services acquired Pulse, an electronic funds transfer network, allowing it to market and issue debit and","psg_id":"2669161"},{"title":"HPE Discover","text":"Messe Wien Congress Center, on November 29 through December 1, 2011. HPE Discover HPE Discover is the Hewlett Packard Enterprise showcase technology event for business and government customers. In 2011, HP Enterprise Business, along with participating independent user groups, combined its annual HP Software Universe, HP Technology Forum and HP Technology@Work into a single event, HP Discover. There are now two HPE Discover events annually, one for the Americas and one for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Since the split of Hewlett-Packard into HP Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Discover was replaced with HPE Discover focusing on the","psg_id":"15429740"},{"title":"Manhattan Project","text":"radioactive polonium was directed by Charles Allen Thomas of the Monsanto Company and became known as the Dayton Project. Testing required up to 500 curies per month of polonium, which Monsanto was able to deliver. The whole assembly was encased in a duralumin bomb casing to protect it from bullets and flak. The ultimate task of the metallurgists was to determine how to cast plutonium into a sphere. The difficulties became apparent when attempts to measure the density of plutonium gave inconsistent results. At first contamination was believed to be the cause, but it was soon determined that there were","psg_id":"262835"},{"title":"Project Y","text":"chemistry and metallurgy of radioactive polonium was directed by Charles Allen Thomas of the Monsanto Company and became known as the Dayton Project. Testing required up to 500 curies per month of polonium, which Monsanto was able to deliver. The whole assembly was encased in a duralumin bomb casing to protect it from bullets and flak. The ultimate task of the metallurgists was to determine how to cast plutonium into a sphere. The brittle α phase that exists at room temperature changes to the plastic β phase at higher temperatures. Attention then shifted to the even more malleable δ phase","psg_id":"19616895"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"As the spleen (150 g) and the liver (1.3 to 3 kg) are much smaller than the rest of the body, if the polonium is concentrated in these vital organs, it is a greater threat to life than the dose which would be suffered (on average) by the whole body if it were spread evenly throughout the body, in the same way as caesium or tritium (as TO). Po is widely used in industry, and readily available with little regulation or restriction. In the US, a tracking system run by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission was implemented in 2007 to register","psg_id":"313437"},{"title":"Modulated neutron initiator","text":"the force of conventional explosives. The initiator used in the early devices, located at the center of the bomb's plutonium pit, consisted of a beryllium pellet, and a beryllium shell with polonium between the two. The pellet, 0.8 cm in diameter, was coated with nickel and then a layer of gold. The beryllium shell was of 2 cm outer diameter with wall thickness of 0.6 cm. The inner surface of that shell had 15 concentric, wedge-shaped latitudinal grooves and was, like the inner sphere, coated with gold and nickel. A small amount of polonium-210 (50 curies, 11 mg) was deposited","psg_id":"10929933"},{"title":"The Apocalypse Element","text":"galaxy. The Apocalypse Element The Apocalypse Element is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\". It forms the second serial in the Dalek Empire arc, following on from events in \"The Genocide Machine\". The arc continues in \"The Mutant Phase\" and concludes in \"The Time of the Daleks\". At a conference on Archetryx between major temporal powers, the Sixth Doctor and Evelyn discover that Romana has been missing for twenty years and that the Daleks' newest weapon — the Apocalypse Element — threatens not only the Time Lords but the","psg_id":"4782840"},{"title":"The Apocalypse Element","text":"The Apocalypse Element The Apocalypse Element is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series \"Doctor Who\". It forms the second serial in the Dalek Empire arc, following on from events in \"The Genocide Machine\". The arc continues in \"The Mutant Phase\" and concludes in \"The Time of the Daleks\". At a conference on Archetryx between major temporal powers, the Sixth Doctor and Evelyn discover that Romana has been missing for twenty years and that the Daleks' newest weapon — the Apocalypse Element — threatens not only the Time Lords but the entire","psg_id":"4782839"},{"title":"James Chadwick","text":"with no electric charge. Then in January 1932, Feather drew Chadwick's attention to another surprising result. Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie had succeeded in knocking protons from paraffin wax using polonium and beryllium as a source for what they thought was gamma radiation. Rutherford and Chadwick disagreed; protons were too heavy for that. But neutrons would need only a small amount of energy to achieve the same effect. In Rome, Ettore Majorana came to the same conclusion: the Joliot-Curies had discovered the neutron but did not know it. Chadwick dropped all his other responsibilities to concentrate on proving the existence of","psg_id":"1490164"},{"title":"Chalcogen","text":"and Pierre Curie discovered that a sample of pitchblende was emitting four times as much radioactivity as could be explained by the presence of uranium alone. The Curies gathered several tons of pitchblende and refined it for several months until they had a pure sample of polonium. The discovery officially took place in 1898. Prior to the invention of particle accelerators, the only way to create polonium was to extract it over several months from uranium ore. The first attempt at creating livermorium was from 1976 to 1977 at the LBNL, who bombarded curium-248 with calcium-48, but were not successful.","psg_id":"72997"},{"title":"Polonium dichloride","text":"by dehalogenation of polonium tetrachloride, PoCl. Methods for dehalogenating PoCl include thermal decomposition at 300 °C, reduction of cold, slightly moist PoCl by sulfur dioxide; and heating PoCl in a stream of carbon monoxide or hydrogen sulfide at 150 °C. PoCl dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid to give a pink solution, which autoxidises to Po(IV). PoCl is rapidly oxidised by hydrogen peroxide or chlorine water. Addition of potassium hydroxide to the pink solution results in a dark brown precipitate – possibly hydrated PoO or Po(OH) – which is rapidly oxidised to Po(IV). With dilute nitric acid, PoCl forms a dark","psg_id":"13551643"},{"title":"Discover Card","text":"card was used. A 1989 study found that Discover had strong consumer adoption in the U.S.; the number of households with Discover cards increased by 2.1 million, or 14 percent, in 1989. Discover was also noteworthy for being the only credit card accepted by the U.S. Customs Service to pay customs duty, effective Feb. 19, 1987. Since it did not charge a percentage fee to retailers, unlike Visa, MasterCard, and American Express, Discover was also the only credit card accepted at Sam's Club; the retailer has since started to accept MasterCard and American Express (see below). The plan to create","psg_id":"2669165"},{"title":"DISCover","text":"DISCover Digital Interactive Systems Corporation (or DISCover) is a company specializing in gaming technology for PCs. They are the creators of the DISCover technology which allow PC games to be played like a video game console. The technology, which features the \"Drop and Play\" engine, auto-plays CDs or DVDs and automates scripts for installing and updating games. Consoles with the engine connect to the Internet for game updates. This technology debuted at the 2003 Electronic Entertainment Expo. Machines using DISCover technology include the Apex Extreme, Alienware DHS 2 and DHS 5. In August 2007, DISCover announced that their Hardcore White-Label","psg_id":"11105597"},{"title":"DISCover","text":"Gaming System, or HAWGS, technology would be used for FiringSquad's Ammo digital distribution service. The following month, on September 2007, the company disclosed the InstaPlay desktop client, which improves the ease of use for accessing games. DISCover chief executive officer David Ferrigno addressed Instaplay concerns and comparisons with other digital distribution services such as Direct2Drive and Steam. DISCover Digital Interactive Systems Corporation (or DISCover) is a company specializing in gaming technology for PCs. They are the creators of the DISCover technology which allow PC games to be played like a video game console. The technology, which features the \"Drop and","psg_id":"11105598"},{"title":"Isotopes of polonium","text":"per second as 5 grams of Ra. A few curies (1 curie equals 37 gigabecquerels) of Po emit a blue glow caused by excitation of surrounding air. A single gram of Po generates 140 watts of power. Because it emits many alpha particles, which are stopped within a very short distance in dense media and release their energy, Po has been used as a lightweight heat source to power thermoelectric cells in artificial satellites; for instance, a Po heat source was also in each of the Lunokhod rovers deployed on the surface of the Moon, to keep their internal components","psg_id":"5874501"},{"title":"Modulated neutron initiator","text":"particle bombardment, the beryllium atoms emit neutrons at a rate of about 1 neutron each 5–10 nanoseconds (See Beryllium#Nuclear properties). These neutrons trigger the chain reaction in the compressed supercritical plutonium. Placing the polonium layer between two large masses of beryllium ensures contact of the metals even if the shock wave turbulence performs poorly. The 50 curies of polonium generated about 0.1 watts of decay heat, noticeably warming the small sphere. The grooves in the inner surface of the shell shaped the shock wave into jets by the Munroe effect, similar to a shaped charge, for fast and thorough mixing","psg_id":"10929935"},{"title":"The Fifth Element","text":"films among his readers, regarded as both the best and the worst summer blockbuster of all time. Kermode recalled his own experience: \"I remember very clearly being in Cannes when \"[The] Fifth Element\" was first played, and it \"really\" divided the audience.\" Stephen Cass of \"Discover\" ranked the film the third-best science fiction film on subscription service Hulu, writing, \"People seem to either like or loathe \"The Fifth Element \"... Lavish visuals and entertaining performances from Bruce Willis, Milla Jovovich, and Gary Oldman make this movie worth watching.\" In some circles the film has gained a \"so-bad-it's-good\" status; Meredith Woerner","psg_id":"1280952"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"Prof. Nick Priest of Middlesex University, an environmental toxicologist and radiation expert, speaking on Sky News on December 3, 2006, Litvinenko was probably the first person to die of the acute α-radiation effects of Po. Abnormally high concentrations of Po were detected in July 2012 in clothes and personal belongings of the Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, a heavy smoker, who died on 11 November 2004 of uncertain causes. The spokesman for the Institut de Radiophysique in Lausanne, Switzerland, where those items were analyzed, stressed that the \"clinical symptoms described in Arafat's medical reports were not consistent with polonium-210 and that","psg_id":"313443"},{"title":"Discover Financial","text":"Discover Financial Discover Financial Services, Inc. is an American financial services company that owns and operates Discover Bank, which offers checking and savings accounts and credit cards. It also owns and operates the Discover and Pulse networks, and owns Diners Club International. Discover Card is the third largest credit card brand in the United States, when measured by cards in force, with nearly 50 million cardholders. Discover is currently headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Riverwoods, Illinois. Sears introduced the Discover credit card in 1985 in conjunction with real estate franchise Coldwell, Banker & Company and brokerage firm Dean Witter","psg_id":"10696790"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"\"natural environmental origin\". Following later Russian tests, Vladimir Uiba, the head of the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency, stated in December 2013 that Arafat died of natural causes, and they had no plans to conduct further tests. It has been suggested that chelation agents, such as British Anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol), can be used to decontaminate humans. In one experiment, rats were given a fatal dose of 1.45 MBq/kg (8.7 ng/kg) of Po; all untreated rats were dead after 44 days, but 90% of the rats treated with the chelation agent HOEtTTC remained alive for 5 months. Polonium-210 may be quantified","psg_id":"313445"},{"title":"Period 6 element","text":"cancer, after cigarette smoking, causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States. About 2,900 of these deaths occur among people who have never smoked. While radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer, it is the number one cause among non-smokers, according to EPA estimates. Of the period 6 elements, only tungsten is known to have any biological role in organisms. However, gold, platinum, mercury, and some lanthanides such as gadolinium have applications as drugs. Most of the period 6 elements are toxic(for instance lead) and produce heavy-element poisoning. Promethium, polonium, astatine and radon are","psg_id":"1533354"},{"title":"Discover Financial","text":"and U.S. Bank. In addition to its card products, Discover also markets savings products, checking accounts, personal loans, student loans, and home equity loans. Discover Financial Discover Financial Services, Inc. is an American financial services company that owns and operates Discover Bank, which offers checking and savings accounts and credit cards. It also owns and operates the Discover and Pulse networks, and owns Diners Club International. Discover Card is the third largest credit card brand in the United States, when measured by cards in force, with nearly 50 million cardholders. Discover is currently headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Riverwoods,","psg_id":"10696797"},{"title":"Which Lie Did I Tell?","text":"Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \"Adventures in the Screen Trade\". Originally to be called \"The Big Campfire\", the inspiration for the title came when Goldman was in the office of a Hollywood producer who was talking on the phone to one of his associates. Suddenly he cupped his hands over the receiver, snapped his fingers and said “Bill, Bill! Which lie did I tell?” The book","psg_id":"6355609"},{"title":"Discover the Networks","text":"Discover the Networks Discover the Networks (originally Discover the Network) (DtN) is a website run by the David Horowitz Freedom Center that focuses on the individuals, groups, and history of groups alleged to be politically left wing. DtN was launched in 2004 and has a staff of about a dozen contributors. Its current Editor-in-Chief is David Horowitz; John Perazzo is the project's managing editor, and Richard Poe is its investigative editor. Discover the Networks is associated with FrontPageMag.com. According to the project's mission statement, DtN's goal is to provide a comprehensive \"guide to the political left\" covering \"the individuals and","psg_id":"9572606"},{"title":"Polonide","text":"iron, molybdenum, tantalum or tungsten. Polonide A polonide is a chemical compound of the radioactive element polonium with any element less electronegative than polonium. Polonides are usually prepared by a direct reaction between the elements at temperatures of around 300–400 °C. They are amongst the most chemically stable compounds of polonium, and can be divided into two broad groups: Some polonides are intermediate between these two cases and others are non-stoichiometric compounds. Alloys containing polonium are also classed as polonides. As polonium is immediately below tellurium in the periodic table, there are many chemical and structural similarities between polonides and","psg_id":"14593104"},{"title":"Polonide","text":"Polonide A polonide is a chemical compound of the radioactive element polonium with any element less electronegative than polonium. Polonides are usually prepared by a direct reaction between the elements at temperatures of around 300–400 °C. They are amongst the most chemically stable compounds of polonium, and can be divided into two broad groups: Some polonides are intermediate between these two cases and others are non-stoichiometric compounds. Alloys containing polonium are also classed as polonides. As polonium is immediately below tellurium in the periodic table, there are many chemical and structural similarities between polonides and tellurides. Lead polonide (PbPo) occurs","psg_id":"14593100"},{"title":"Field with one element","text":"Field with one element In mathematics, the field with one element is a suggestive name for an object that should behave similarly to a finite field with a single element, if such a field could exist. This object is denoted F, or, in a French–English pun, F. The name \"field with one element\" and the notation F are only suggestive, as there is no field with one element in classical abstract algebra. Instead, F refers to the idea that there should be a way to replace sets and operations, the traditional building blocks for abstract algebra, with other, more flexible","psg_id":"11047078"},{"title":"Field with one element","text":"discrete Fourier transform (complex-valued) and the related number-theoretic transform (Z/\"n\"Z-valued). Field with one element In mathematics, the field with one element is a suggestive name for an object that should behave similarly to a finite field with a single element, if such a field could exist. This object is denoted F, or, in a French–English pun, F. The name \"field with one element\" and the notation F are only suggestive, as there is no field with one element in classical abstract algebra. Instead, F refers to the idea that there should be a way to replace sets and operations, the","psg_id":"11047092"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"The actual toxicity of Po is lower than these estimates because radiation exposure that is spread out over several weeks (the biological half-life of polonium in humans is 30 to 50 days) is somewhat less damaging than an instantaneous dose. It has been estimated that a median lethal dose of Po is , or 0.089 micrograms, still an extremely small amount. For comparison, one grain of table salt is about 0.06 mg = 60 μg. In addition to the acute effects, radiation exposure (both internal and external) carries a long-term risk of death from cancer of 5–10% per Sv. The","psg_id":"313435"},{"title":"Polonium","text":"power radioisotope thermoelectric generators via thermoelectric materials. For example, Po heat sources were used in the Lunokhod 1 (1970) and Lunokhod 2 (1973) Moon rovers to keep their internal components warm during the lunar nights, as well as the Kosmos 84 and 90 satellites (1965). The alpha particles emitted by polonium can be converted to neutrons using beryllium oxide, at a rate of 93 neutrons per million alpha particles. Thus Po-BeO mixtures or alloys are used as a neutron source, for example, in a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons and for inspections of oil wells. About 1500 sources","psg_id":"313427"},{"title":"Discover: The World of Science","text":"Discover: The World of Science Discover: The World of Science is an American television show that ran between 1983 and 1990. Actor Peter Graves is the on-camera host and narrator of \"Discover: The World of Science\", a monthly, one-hour magazine-style television series which provides a human perspective on new developments in robots, science, technology, medicine, the environment, behavior and natural history. The series was typically broadcast on Wednesday evenings at 8 PM on PBS. The series, with early episodes being underwritten by Atari and later episodes being underwritten by GTE, was produced by Chedd-Angier Productions in association with Discover Magazine.","psg_id":"19744708"},{"title":"Discover Financial","text":"the Diners Club International network from Citigroup for $165 million. In May 2008, the Federal Trade Commission approved the transaction and it finalized on July 1, 2008. Discover stated that the Diners Club network, which is a major network outside the United States, will be merged with the Discover Network, a major network in the United States, creating an international network for Discover and Diners Club cardholders. Diners Club cards will continue to be issued by Diners Club International licensees. At this time, Discover Bank has no plans on issuing Diners Club branded cards itself. On September 17, 2010, Discover","psg_id":"10696794"},{"title":"Field with one element","text":"objects. While there is still no field with a single element in these theories, there is a field-like object whose characteristic is one. F cannot be a field because all fields must contain two distinct elements, the additive identity zero and the multiplicative identity one. Even if this restriction is dropped, a ring with one element must be the zero ring, which does not behave like a finite field. Instead, most proposed theories of F replace abstract algebra entirely. Mathematical objects such as vector spaces and polynomial rings can be carried over into these new theories by mimicking their abstract","psg_id":"11047079"},{"title":"Discover Wisconsin","text":"Discover Wisconsin Discover Wisconsin is a weekly non-fictional television program which encourages tourism in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and features profiles of cities, events and tourist attractions throughout the state. The program is written, directed and produced in Madison, Wisconsin and is billed as the longest running tourism TV show in the United States. The program has won 20 National Telly Awards. Discover Wisconsin has also been nominated for 8 Emmy nominations, winning once in 2012 for its 25th Anniversary Special. Dick Rose came up with the idea for a show in 1986 to showcase Wisconsin vacation spots. Discover","psg_id":"15702952"},{"title":"Discover Wisconsin","text":"Discover Wisconsin Discover Wisconsin is a weekly non-fictional television program which encourages tourism in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and features profiles of cities, events and tourist attractions throughout the state. The program is written, directed and produced in Madison, Wisconsin and is billed as the longest running tourism TV show in the United States. The program has won 20 National Telly Awards. Discover Wisconsin has also been nominated for 8 Emmy nominations, winning once in 2012 for its 25th Anniversary Special. Dick Rose came up with the idea for a show in 1986 to showcase Wisconsin vacation spots. Discover","psg_id":"15702949"},{"title":"Discover Financial","text":"Financial announced it would acquire Citigroup-owned Student Loan Corporation for $30/share. The deal finalized on December 31. On June 6, 2012, Tree.com, Inc. completed the sale of substantially all of the operating assets of its Home Loan Center, Inc. business to a wholly owned subsidiary of Discover Financial. In exchange for the assets sold, Discover paid an aggregate of $45.9 million including payments made prior to the closing which were applied to the closing price. On June 12, 2012, Discover began originating mortgages with its launch of Discover Home Loans, offering prime variable- and fixed-rate conventional and FHA home mortgage","psg_id":"10696795"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"and sources of neutrons and alpha particles. This radioactivity makes polonium dangerously toxic. Po is an alpha emitter that has a half-life of 138.4 days; it decays directly to its stable daughter isotope, Pb. A milligram (5 curies) of Po emits about as many alpha particles per second as 5 grams of Ra. A few curies (1 curie equals 37 gigabecquerels, 1 Ci = 37 GBq) of Po emit a blue glow which is caused by ionisation of the surrounding air. About one in 100,000 alpha emissions causes an excitation in the nucleus which then results in the emission of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313413\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"decay of radium-226 from fertilizers applied to the tobacco soils. The presence of polonium in tobacco smoke has been known since the early 1960s. Some of the world's biggest tobacco firms researched ways to remove the substance—to no avail—over a 40-year period. The results were never published. Polonium is found in the food chain, especially in seafood. Polonium Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84. A rare and highly radioactive metal with no stable isotopes, polonium is chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neighbors in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313449\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"Today, polonium is usually produced in milligram quantities by the neutron irradiation of bismuth. Due to its intense radioactivity, which results in the radiolysis of chemical bonds and radioactive self-heating, its chemistry has mostly been investigated on the trace scale only. Polonium was discovered in 1898 by Marie and Pierre Curie, when it was extracted from uranium ore and identified solely by its strong radioactivity: it was the first element to be so discovered. Polonium was named after Marie Curie's homeland of Poland. Polonium has few applications, and those are related to its radioactivity: heaters in space probes, antistatic devices,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313412\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"radioactive noble gas radon-222, some of which, during its 3.8-day half-life, diffuses into the atmosphere. There it decays through several more steps to polonium-210, much of which, during its 138-day half-life, is washed back down to the Earth's surface, thus entering the biosphere, before finally decaying to stable lead-206. As early as the 1920s Antoine Lacassagne, using polonium provided by his colleague Marie Curie, showed that the element has a specific pattern of uptake in rabbit tissues, with high concentrations, particularly in liver, kidney, and testes. More recent evidence suggests that this behavior results from polonium substituting for its congener\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313447\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"sulfur, also in group 16 of the periodic table, in sulfur-containing amino-acids or related molecules and that similar patterns of distribution occur in human tissues. Polonium is indeed an element naturally present in all humans, contributing appreciably to natural background dose, with wide geographical and cultural variations, and particularly high levels in arctic residents, for example. Polonium-210 in tobacco contributes to many of the cases of lung cancer worldwide. Most of this polonium is derived from lead-210 deposited on tobacco leaves from the atmosphere; the lead-210 is a product of radon-222 gas, much of which appears to originate from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313448\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84. A rare and highly radioactive metal with no stable isotopes, polonium is chemically similar to selenium and tellurium, though its metallic character resembles that of its horizontal neighbors in the periodic table: thallium, lead, and bismuth. Due to the short half-life of all its isotopes, its natural occurrence is limited to tiny traces of the fleeting polonium-210 (with a half-life of 138 days) in uranium ores, as it is the penultimate daughter of natural uranium-238. Though slightly longer-lived isotopes exist, they are much more difficult to produce.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313411\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium trioxide\",\n \"text\": \"that polonium trioxide may be formed by heating polonium dioxide and chromium trioxide together in air. It is very difficult to oxidize polonium beyond Po(IV); for example, the only hexahalide of polonium is the hexafluoride, PoF, and fluorine is already the most electronegative element (though polonium hexaiodide was once reportedly formed in the vapour phase, it immediately decomposed). However, the difficulty in obtaining polonium trioxide and polonates (containing the anion, analogous to sulfate, selenate, and tellurate) by direct oxidation of Po(IV) compounds may be due to the fact that polonium-210, while the most easily available isotope of polonium, is strongly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16585950\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"a gamma ray with a maximum energy of 803 keV. Polonium is a radioactive element that exists in two metallic allotropes. The alpha form is the only known example of a simple cubic crystal structure in a single atom basis at STP, with an edge length of 335.2 picometers; the beta form is rhombohedral. The structure of polonium has been characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron diffraction. Po (in common with Pu) has the ability to become airborne with ease: if a sample is heated in air to , 50% of it is vaporized in 45 hours to form diatomic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313414\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Period 6 element\",\n \"text\": \"element with the symbol Po and atomic number 84, discovered in 1898 by Marie Skłodowska-Curie and Pierre Curie. A rare and highly radioactive element, polonium is chemically similar to bismuth and tellurium, and it occurs in uraniumores. Polonium has been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. As it is unstable, all isotopes of polonium are radioactive. There is disagreement as to whether polonium is a post-transition metal or metalloid. Astatine is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol At and atomic number 85. It occurs on the Earth only as the result of decay of heavier elements, and decays\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1533347\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"isotope. The DoE factsheet submitted for this experiment reported no follow up on these subjects. It has also been suggested that Irène Joliot-Curie was the first person to die from the radiation effects of polonium. She was accidentally exposed to polonium in 1946 when a sealed capsule of the element exploded on her laboratory bench. In 1956, she died from leukemia. According to the 2008 book \\\"The Bomb in the Basement\\\", several deaths in Israel during 1957–1969 were caused by Po. A leak was discovered at a Weizmann Institute laboratory in 1957. Traces of Po were found on the hands\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313441\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"conclusions could not be drawn as to whether the Palestinian leader was poisoned or not\\\", and that \\\"the only way to confirm the findings would be to exhume Arafat's body to test it for polonium-210.\\\" On 27 November 2012 Arafat's body was exhumed, and samples were taken for separate analysis by experts from France, Switzerland and Russia. On 12 October 2013, \\\"The Lancet\\\" published the group's finding that high levels of the element were found in Arafat's blood, urine, and in saliva stains on his clothes and toothbrush. The French tests later found some polonium but stated it was from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313444\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"lithium aluminium hydride (LiAlH), which only produces elemental polonium, and the reaction of hydrochloric acid with magnesium polonide (MgPo). The fact that these synthesis routes do not work may be caused by the radiolysis of polonium hydride upon formation. Trace quantities of polonium hydride may be prepared by reacting hydrochloric acid with polonium-plated magnesium foil. In addition, the diffusion of trace quantities of polonium in palladium or platinum that is saturated with hydrogen (see palladium hydride) may be due to the formation and migration of polonium hydride. Experiments conducted on the trace scale show indications that the reaction between polonium\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878108\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium hydride Polonium hydride (also known as polonium dihydride, hydrogen polonide, or polane) is a chemical compound with the formula PoH. It is a liquid at room temperature, the second hydrogen chalcogenide with this property after water. It is very unstable chemically and tends to decompose into elemental polonium and hydrogen; like all polonium compounds, it is highly radioactive. It is a volatile and very labile compound, from which many polonides can be derived. Polonium hydride cannot be produced by direct reaction from the elements upon heating. Other unsuccessful routes to synthesis include the reaction of polonium tetrachloride (PoCl) with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878112\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium hydride Polonium hydride (also known as polonium dihydride, hydrogen polonide, or polane) is a chemical compound with the formula PoH. It is a liquid at room temperature, the second hydrogen chalcogenide with this property after water. It is very unstable chemically and tends to decompose into elemental polonium and hydrogen; like all polonium compounds, it is highly radioactive. It is a volatile and very labile compound, from which many polonides can be derived. Polonium hydride cannot be produced by direct reaction from the elements upon heating. Other unsuccessful routes to synthesis include the reaction of polonium tetrachloride (PoCl) with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878107\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"In the United States, polonium was produced as part of the Manhattan Project's Dayton Project during World War II. It was a critical part of the implosion-type nuclear weapon design used in the Fat Man bomb on Nagasaki in 1945. Polonium and beryllium were the key ingredients of the 'urchin' detonator at the center of the bomb's spherical plutonium pit. The urchin ignited the nuclear chain reaction at the moment of prompt-criticality to ensure the bomb did not fizzle. Much of the basic physics of polonium was classified until after the war. The fact that it was used as an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313422\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"polonium ionizes the solvent and converts Po into Po. This process is accompanied by bubbling and emission of heat and light by glassware due to the absorbed alpha particles; as a result, polonium solutions are volatile and will evaporate within days unless sealed. At pH about 1, polonium ions are readily hydrolyzed and complexed by acids such as oxalic acid, citric acid, and tartaric acid. Polonium has no common compounds, and almost all of its compounds are synthetically created; more than 50 of those are known. The most stable class of polonium compounds are polonides, which are prepared by direct\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313416\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"room temperature. Tetrahalides can be obtained by reacting polonium dioxide with HCl, HBr or HI. Other polonium compounds include potassium polonite as a polonite, polonate, acetate, bromate, carbonate, citrate, chromate, cyanide, formate, (II) and (IV) hydroxides, nitrate, selenate, selenite, monosulfide, sulfate, disulfate and sulfite. Oxides Hydrides Halides Polonium has 33 known isotopes, all of which are radioactive. They have atomic masses that range from 188 to 220 u. Po (half-life 138.376 days) is the most widely available and is made via neutron capture by natural bismuth. The longer-lived Po (half-life years, longest-lived of all polonium isotopes) and Po (half-life 2.9\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313419\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium trioxide\",\n \"text\": \"radioactive. Similar work with curium shows that it is easier to achieve higher oxidation states with longer-lived isotopes; thus, it may be easier to obtain Po(VI) (especially polonium trioxide) using the longer-lived polonium-208 or polonium-209. It has been suggested that Po(VI) might be more stabilized in anions such as or , like other high oxidation states. Polonium trioxide Polonium trioxide (also known as polonium(VI) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium dioxide (PoO). It is an interchalcogen. It has so far\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16585951\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"the scarcity of polonium in nature and the high temperatures (250 °C) required to form the dioxide. Polonium dioxide is prepared by reacting elemental polonium with oxygen at 250 °C or by thermal decomposition of polonium(IV) hydroxide (PoO(OH)), polonium disulfate (Po(SO)), polonium selenate (Po(SeO)), or polonium tetranitrate (Po(NO)). When placed in hydrogen, polonium dioxide is slowly reduced to metallic polonium at 200 °C; the same reduction occurs at 250 °C in ammonia or hydrogen sulfide. When heated in sulfur dioxide at 250 °C, a white compound is formed, possibly a polonium sulfite. When polonium dioxide is hydrated, polonous acid (HPoO),\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587972\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"selenol and tellurol). However, no salts from polonium hydride are known. An example of a polonide is lead polonide (PbPo), which occurs naturally as lead is formed in the alpha decay of polonium. Polonium hydride is difficult to work with due to the extreme radioactivity of polonium and its compounds and has only been prepared in very dilute tracer quantities. As a result, its physical properties are not definitely known. It is also unknown if polonium hydride forms an acidic solution in water like its lighter homologues, or if it behaves more like a metal hydride (see also hydrogen astatide).\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878111\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"and similar authorities as they are not considered hazardous. Small amounts of Po are manufactured for sale to the public in the United States as 'needle sources' for laboratory experimentation, and they are retailed by scientific supply companies. The polonium is a layer of plating which in turn is plated with a material such as gold, which allows the alpha radiation (used in experiments such as cloud chambers) to pass while preventing the polonium from being released and presenting a toxic hazard. According to United Nuclear, they typically sell between four and eight such sources per year. Polonium spark plugs\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313430\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium tetrachloride\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium tetrachloride forms a complex with two moles of tributyl phosphate. Like selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride, polonium tetrachloride forms and halogen complexes. Polonium tetrachloride Polonium tetrachloride (also known as polonium(IV) chloride) is a chemical compound with the formula PoCl. It is a hygroscopic bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Above 200 °C, it tends to decompose into polonium dichloride and excess chlorine, similar to selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride. Polonium tetrachloride is either monoclinic or triclinic. Polonium tetrachloride is bright yellow at room temperature. At its melting point (300 °C), it becomes straw yellow, and at its boiling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587482\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium dioxide Polonium dioxide (also known as polonium(IV) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium trioxide (PoO). It is a pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Under lowered pressure (such as a vacuum), it decomposes into elemental polonium and oxygen at 500 °C. It is the most stable oxide of polonium and is an interchalcogen. At room temperature, polonium dioxide has a face-centered cubic (fluorite) crystal structure; upon heating to high temperatures, it crystallises in the tetragonal crystal system. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587970\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium trioxide\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium trioxide Polonium trioxide (also known as polonium(VI) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium dioxide (PoO). It is an interchalcogen. It has so far only been detected in traces. It has been reported that trace quantities of polonium trioxide form during the anodic deposition of polonium from acidic solutions; although there is no experimental evidence for this, the fact that the deposit dissolves in hydrogen peroxide suggests that it contains polonium in a high oxidation state. It has been predicted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16585949\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"out. Gloves made of natural rubber do not provide sufficient protection against the radiation from polonium; surgical gloves are necessary. Neoprene gloves shield radiation from polonium better than natural rubber. Polonium dioxide Polonium dioxide (also known as polonium(IV) oxide) is a chemical compound with the formula PoO. It is one of three oxides of polonium, the other two being polonium monoxide (PoO) and polonium trioxide (PoO). It is a pale yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Under lowered pressure (such as a vacuum), it decomposes into elemental polonium and oxygen at 500 °C. It is the most stable oxide of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587975\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"easily if polonium is ingested, inhaled, or absorbed, although they do not penetrate the epidermis and hence are not hazardous as long as the alpha particles remain outside the body. Wearing chemically resistant and intact gloves is a mandatory precaution to avoid transcutaneous diffusion of polonium directly through the skin. Polonium delivered in concentrated nitric acid can easily diffuse through inadequate gloves (e.g., latex gloves) or the acid may damage the gloves. It has been reported that some microbes can methylate polonium by the action of methylcobalamin. This is similar to the way in which mercury, selenium, and tellurium are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313433\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Operation Sandstone\",\n \"text\": \"firings. More efficient weapons would require less efficient initiators. This meant that less polonium would be required. At the time of Sandstone, the national stockpile of polonium-beryllium initiators consisted of 50 A-Class initiators, with more than 25 curies of polonium, and 13 B-Class initiators with 12 to 25 curies. During Sandstone, at least one test would be conducted with a B-Class initiator. The tests were authorized by President Harry S. Truman on June 27, 1947. The Atomic Energy Commission's Director of Military Applications, Brigadier General James McCormack and his deputy, Captain James S. Russell, met with Bradbury and John Manley\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3115545\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium tetrachloride\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium tetrachloride Polonium tetrachloride (also known as polonium(IV) chloride) is a chemical compound with the formula PoCl. It is a hygroscopic bright yellow crystalline solid at room temperature. Above 200 °C, it tends to decompose into polonium dichloride and excess chlorine, similar to selenium tetrachloride and tellurium tetrachloride. Polonium tetrachloride is either monoclinic or triclinic. Polonium tetrachloride is bright yellow at room temperature. At its melting point (300 °C), it becomes straw yellow, and at its boiling point (390 °C), it becomes scarlet. Its vapours are purple-brown until 500 °C, when they turn blue-green. Polonium tetrachloride may be prepared by:\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587481\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"Po molecules, even though the melting point of polonium is and its boiling point is . More than one hypothesis exists for how polonium does this; one suggestion is that small clusters of polonium atoms are spalled off by the alpha decay. The chemistry of polonium is similar to that of tellurium, although it also shows some similarities to its neighbor bismuth due to its metallic character. Polonium dissolves readily in dilute acids but is only slightly soluble in alkalis. Polonium solutions are first colored in pink by the Po ions, but then rapidly become yellow because alpha radiation from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313415\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"and hydrogen selenide, and decomposes into its constituent elements, releasing heat in the process. The amount of heat given off in the decomposition of polonium hydride is over 100 kJ/mol, the largest of all the hydrogen chalcogenides. Polonium hydride is a liquid due to van der Waals forces, and not due to the same reason as why water (hydrogen oxide) is liquid (hydrogen bonding). It is predicted that, like the other hydrogen chalcogenides, polonium may form two types of salts: polonide (containing the Po anion) and one from polonium hydride (containing –PoH, which would be the polonium analogue of thiol,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878110\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"purchases of more than of polonium-210 (enough to make up 5,000 lethal doses). The IAEA \\\"is said to be considering tighter regulations ... There is talk that it might tighten the polonium reporting requirement by a factor of 10, to .\\\" As of 2013, this is still the only alpha emitting byproduct material available, as a NRC Exempt Quantity, which may be held without a radioactive material license. Polonium and its compounds must be handled in a glove box, which is further enclosed in another box, maintained at a slightly higher pressure than the glove box to prevent the radioactive\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313438\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"reaction of polonium dioxide with potassium hydroxide or potassium nitrate in air gives the colourless potassium polonite (KPoO): Polonium dioxide is closely related to the polonite anion (), similar to the relationship between polonium trioxide and the polonate anion (). Polonium dioxide has no uses outside of basic research. All polonium compounds, such as polonium dioxide, are extremely radioactive and thus must be handled in a glove box. The glove box must further be enclosed in another box similar to the glove box, maintained at a slightly lower pressure than the glove box to prevent the radioactive materials from leaking\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587974\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"materials from leaking out. Gloves made of natural rubber do not provide sufficient protection against the radiation from polonium; surgical gloves are necessary. Neoprene gloves shield radiation from polonium better than natural rubber. Polonium was administered to humans for experimental purposes from 1943 to 1947; it was injected into four hospitalised patients, and orally given to a fifth. Studies such as this were funded by the Manhattan Project and the AEC and conducted at the University of Rochester. The objective was to obtain data on human excretion of polonium to correlate with more extensive data from rats. Patients selected as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313439\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"a pale yellow, voluminous precipitate, is formed. Despite its name, polonous acid is an amphoteric compound, reacting with both acids and bases. Halogenation of polonium dioxide with the hydrogen halides yields the polonium tetrahalides: In reactions, polonium dioxide behaves very much like its homologue tellurium dioxide, forming Po(IV) salts; however, the acidic character of the chalcogen oxides decreases going down the group, and polonium dioxide and polonium(IV) hydroxide are much less acidic than their lighter homologues. For example, SO, SO, SeO, SeO and TeO are acidic, but TeO is amphoteric, and PoO, while amphoteric, even shows some basic character. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587973\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dichloride\",\n \"text\": \"Polonium dichloride Polonium dichloride is a chemical compound of the radioactive metalloid polonium and chlorine. Its chemical formula is PoCl. Polonium dichloride appears to crystallise with an orthorhombic unit cell in either the \\\"P\\\"222, \\\"P\\\"mm2 or \\\"Pmmm\\\" space group, although this is likely a pseudo-cell. Alternatively, the true space group may be monoclinic or triclinic, with one or more cell angles close to 90°. Assuming the space group is \\\"P\\\"222, the structure exhibits distorted cubic coordination of Po as {PoCl} and distorted square planar coordination of Cl as {ClPo}. PoCl can be obtained either by halogenation of polonium metal or\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13551642\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"general population is exposed to small amounts of polonium as a radon daughter in indoor air; the isotopes Po and Po are thought to cause the majority of the estimated 15,000–22,000 lung cancer deaths in the US every year that have been attributed to indoor radon. Tobacco smoking causes additional exposure to polonium. The maximum allowable body burden for ingested Po is only , which is equivalent to a particle massing only 6.8 picograms. The maximum permissible workplace concentration of airborne Po is about 10 Bq/m ( µCi/cm). The target organs for polonium in humans are the spleen and liver.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313436\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"reaction of two elements. NaPo has the antifluorite structure, the polonides of Ca, Ba, Hg, Pb and lanthanides form a NaCl lattice, BePo and CdPo have the wurtzite and MgPo the nickel arsenide structure. Most polonides decompose upon heating to about 600 °C, except for HgPo that decomposes at ~300 °C and the lanthanide polonides, which do not decompose but melt at temperatures above 1000 °C. For example, PrPo melts at 1250 °C and TmPo at 2200 °C. PbPo is one of the very few naturally occurring polonium compounds, as polonium alpha decays to form lead. Polonium hydride () is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313417\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isotopes of polonium\",\n \"text\": \"Isotopes of polonium Polonium (Po) has 33 isotopes, all of which are radioactive, with between 186 and 227 nucleons. Po with a half-life of 138.376 days has the longest half-life of naturally occurring polonium. Po with a half-life of 125 years has the longest half-life of all isotopes of polonium. Po and Po (half-life 2.9 years) can be made through the alpha, proton, or deuteron bombardment of lead or bismuth in a cyclotron. Po is an alpha emitter that has a half-life of 138.376 days; it decays directly to stable Pb. A milligram of Po emits as many alpha particles\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5874500\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"a volatile liquid at room temperature prone to dissociation; it is thermally unstable. Water is the only other known hydrogen chalcogenide which is a liquid at room temperature; however, this is due to hydrogen bonding. The two oxides PoO and PoO are the products of oxidation of polonium. Halides of the structure PoX, PoX and PoF are known. They are soluble in the corresponding hydrogen halides, i.e., PoCl in HCl, PoBr in HBr and PoI in HI. Polonium dihalides are formed by direct reaction of the elements or by reduction of PoCl with SO and with PoBr with HS at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313418\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"is created, which then decays to Po via beta-minus decay. The final purification is done pyrochemically followed by liquid-liquid extraction techniques. Polonium may now be made in milligram amounts in this procedure which uses high neutron fluxes found in nuclear reactors. Only about 100 grams are produced each year, practically all of it in Russia, making polonium exceedingly rare. This process can cause problems in lead-bismuth based liquid metal cooled nuclear reactors such as those used in the Soviet Navy's K-27. Measures must be taken in these reactors to deal with the unwanted possibility of Po being released from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313425\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dichloride\",\n \"text\": \"red solution followed by a flaky white precipitate of unknown composition. Polonium dichloride Polonium dichloride is a chemical compound of the radioactive metalloid polonium and chlorine. Its chemical formula is PoCl. Polonium dichloride appears to crystallise with an orthorhombic unit cell in either the \\\"P\\\"222, \\\"P\\\"mm2 or \\\"Pmmm\\\" space group, although this is likely a pseudo-cell. Alternatively, the true space group may be monoclinic or triclinic, with one or more cell angles close to 90°. Assuming the space group is \\\"P\\\"222, the structure exhibits distorted cubic coordination of Po as {PoCl} and distorted square planar coordination of Cl as {ClPo}.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13551644\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"highly dangerous and has no biological role. By mass, polonium-210 is around 250,000 times more toxic than hydrogen cyanide (the for Po is less than 1 microgram for an average adult (see below) compared with about 250 milligrams for hydrogen cyanide). The main hazard is its intense radioactivity (as an alpha emitter), which makes it difficult to handle safely. Even in microgram amounts, handling Po is extremely dangerous, requiring specialized equipment (a negative pressure alpha glove box equipped with high-performance filters), adequate monitoring, and strict handling procedures to avoid any contamination. Alpha particles emitted by polonium will damage organic tissue\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"be bought in any amount under a \\\"general license\\\", which means that a buyer need not be registered by any authorities. Polonium needs to be replaced in these devices nearly every year because of its short half-life; it is also highly radioactive and therefore has been mostly replaced by less dangerous beta particle sources. Tiny amounts of Po are sometimes used in the laboratory and for teaching purposes—typically of the order of , in the form of sealed sources, with the polonium deposited on a substrate or in a resin or polymer matrix—are often exempt from licensing by the NRC\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313429\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Period 6 element\",\n \"text\": \"period 6 other metals are incredibly toxic, such as thallium. Period 6 contains the last stable element, lead. All subsequent elements in the periodic table are radioactive. After bismuth, which has a half-life or more than 10 years, polonium, astatine, and radon are some of the shortest-lived and rarest elements known; less than a gram of astatine is estimated to exist on earth at any given time. Caesium or cesium is the chemical element with the symbol Cs and atomic number 55. It is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28 °C (82 °F), which makes\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1533307\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"methylated in living things to create organometallic compounds. Studies investigating the metabolism of polonium-210 in rats have shown that only 0.002 to 0.009% of polonium-210 ingested is excreted as volatile polonium-210. The median lethal dose (LD) for acute radiation exposure is about 4.5 Sv. The committed effective dose equivalent Po is 0.51 µSv/Bq if ingested, and 2.5 µSv/Bq if inhaled. So a fatal 4.5 Sv dose can be caused by ingesting , about 50 nanograms (ng), or inhaling , about 10 ng. One gram of Po could thus in theory poison 20 million people of whom 10 million would die.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313434\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dioxide\",\n \"text\": \"cubic form is pale yellow, while the tetragonal form is red. Polonium dioxide darkens upon heating, and is chocolate brown at its sublimation point, 885 °C. The ionic radius of the ion is 1.02 or 1.04 Å; thus, the ratio of the ionic radii / is about 0.73, the lower limit of stability for the cubic crystal system, allowing polonium dioxide to have two modifications. When freshly prepared, polonium dioxide is always in the tetragonal form, and changes to the cubic form after being left to stand or after being cooled strongly. Polonium dioxide does not occur naturally due to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16587971\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium hydride\",\n \"text\": \"metal and nascent hydrogen may produce polonium hydride. Polonium hydride is a more covalent compound than most metal hydrides because polonium straddles the border between metals and metalloids and has some nonmetallic properties. It is intermediate between a hydrogen halide like hydrogen chloride and a metal hydride like stannane. It should have properties similar to that of hydrogen selenide and hydrogen telluride, other borderline hydrides. It is very unstable at room temperature and must be stored at freezer temperatures to prevent reversion to elemental polonium and hydrogen; this is because it is an endothermic compound, like the lighter hydrogen telluride\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13878109\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Synthetic element\",\n \"text\": \"short half-lives. The following elements do not occur naturally on Earth. All are transuranium elements and have atomic numbers of 95 and higher. All elements with atomic numbers 1 through 94 are naturally occurring at least in trace quantities, but the following elements are often produced through synthesis. Except for polonium, francium, actinium, and protactinium, they were all discovered through synthesis before being found in nature. Synthetic element In chemistry, a synthetic element is a chemical element that does not occur naturally on Earth, and can only be created artificially. So far, 24 synthetic elements have been created (those with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"401232\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"of this type, with an individual activity of , have been used annually in the Soviet Union. Polonium was also part of brushes or more complex tools that eliminate static charges in photographic plates, textile mills, paper rolls, sheet plastics, and on substrates (such as automotive) prior to the application of coatings. Alpha particles emitted by polonium ionize air molecules that neutralize charges on the nearby surfaces. Some anti-static brushes contain up to of Po as a source of charged particles for neutralizing static electricity. In the US, the devices with no more than of (sealed) Po per unit can\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313428\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Operation Sandstone\",\n \"text\": \"month. A \\\"Fat Man\\\" core required about of plutonium, of which 21% fissioned. Plutonium production fell off during 1946 due to swelling of the reactors' graphite neutron moderators. This is known as the Wigner effect, after its discoverer, the Manhattan Project scientist Eugene Wigner. These reactors were also required for the production (by irradiation of bismuth-209) of polonium-210, which was used in the initiators, a critical component of the nuclear weapons. Some of bismuth-209 had to be irradiated for 100 days to produce 600 curies of polonium-210, a little over . Because polonium-210 has a half-life of only 138 days,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3115539\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"coolant. The longer-lived isotopes of polonium, Po and Po, can be formed by proton or deuteron bombardment of bismuth using a cyclotron. Other more neutron-rich and more unstable isotopes can be formed by the irradiation of platinum with carbon nuclei. Polonium-based sources of alpha particles were produced in the former Soviet Union. Such sources were applied for measuring the thickness of industrial coatings via attenuation of alpha radiation. Because of intense alpha radiation, a one-gram sample of Po will spontaneously heat up to above generating about 140 watts of power. Therefore, Po is used as an atomic heat source to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313426\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"in biological specimens by alpha particle spectrometry to confirm a diagnosis of poisoning in hospitalized patients or to provide evidence in a medicolegal death investigation. The baseline urinary excretion of polonium-210 in healthy persons due to routine exposure to environmental sources is normally in a range of 5–15 mBq/day. Levels in excess of 30 mBq/day are suggestive of excessive exposure to the radionuclide. Polonium-210 is widespread in the biosphere, including in human tissues, because of its position in the uranium-238 decay chain. Natural uranium-238 in the Earth's crust decays through a series of solid radioactive intermediates including radium-226 to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313446\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"HPE Discover\",\n \"text\": \"HPE Discover HPE Discover is the Hewlett Packard Enterprise showcase technology event for business and government customers. In 2011, HP Enterprise Business, along with participating independent user groups, combined its annual HP Software Universe, HP Technology Forum and HP Technology@Work into a single event, HP Discover. There are now two HPE Discover events annually, one for the Americas and one for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Since the split of Hewlett-Packard into HP Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Discover was replaced with HPE Discover focusing on the enterprise company's products and services. HP Discover 2011 Americas took place\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15429737\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Card\",\n \"text\": \"Discover Card Discover is a credit card brand issued primarily in the United States. It was introduced by Sears in 1985. When launched, Discover did not charge an annual fee and offered a higher-than-normal credit limit, features that were disruptive to the existing credit card industry. A subsequent innovation was \\\"Cashback Bonus\\\" on purchases. Most cards with the Discover brand are issued by Discover Bank, formerly the Greenwood Trust Company. Discover transactions are processed through the Discover Network payment network. In 2005, Discover Financial Services acquired Pulse, an electronic funds transfer network, allowing it to market and issue debit and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2669161\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"HPE Discover\",\n \"text\": \"Messe Wien Congress Center, on November 29 through December 1, 2011. HPE Discover HPE Discover is the Hewlett Packard Enterprise showcase technology event for business and government customers. In 2011, HP Enterprise Business, along with participating independent user groups, combined its annual HP Software Universe, HP Technology Forum and HP Technology@Work into a single event, HP Discover. There are now two HPE Discover events annually, one for the Americas and one for Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA). Since the split of Hewlett-Packard into HP Inc and Hewlett Packard Enterprise, HP Discover was replaced with HPE Discover focusing on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15429740\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Manhattan Project\",\n \"text\": \"radioactive polonium was directed by Charles Allen Thomas of the Monsanto Company and became known as the Dayton Project. Testing required up to 500 curies per month of polonium, which Monsanto was able to deliver. The whole assembly was encased in a duralumin bomb casing to protect it from bullets and flak. The ultimate task of the metallurgists was to determine how to cast plutonium into a sphere. The difficulties became apparent when attempts to measure the density of plutonium gave inconsistent results. At first contamination was believed to be the cause, but it was soon determined that there were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"262835\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Project Y\",\n \"text\": \"chemistry and metallurgy of radioactive polonium was directed by Charles Allen Thomas of the Monsanto Company and became known as the Dayton Project. Testing required up to 500 curies per month of polonium, which Monsanto was able to deliver. The whole assembly was encased in a duralumin bomb casing to protect it from bullets and flak. The ultimate task of the metallurgists was to determine how to cast plutonium into a sphere. The brittle α phase that exists at room temperature changes to the plastic β phase at higher temperatures. Attention then shifted to the even more malleable δ phase\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19616895\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"As the spleen (150 g) and the liver (1.3 to 3 kg) are much smaller than the rest of the body, if the polonium is concentrated in these vital organs, it is a greater threat to life than the dose which would be suffered (on average) by the whole body if it were spread evenly throughout the body, in the same way as caesium or tritium (as TO). Po is widely used in industry, and readily available with little regulation or restriction. In the US, a tracking system run by the Nuclear Regulatory Commission was implemented in 2007 to register\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313437\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Modulated neutron initiator\",\n \"text\": \"the force of conventional explosives. The initiator used in the early devices, located at the center of the bomb's plutonium pit, consisted of a beryllium pellet, and a beryllium shell with polonium between the two. The pellet, 0.8 cm in diameter, was coated with nickel and then a layer of gold. The beryllium shell was of 2 cm outer diameter with wall thickness of 0.6 cm. The inner surface of that shell had 15 concentric, wedge-shaped latitudinal grooves and was, like the inner sphere, coated with gold and nickel. A small amount of polonium-210 (50 curies, 11 mg) was deposited\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10929933\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Apocalypse Element\",\n \"text\": \"galaxy. The Apocalypse Element The Apocalypse Element is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series \\\"Doctor Who\\\". It forms the second serial in the Dalek Empire arc, following on from events in \\\"The Genocide Machine\\\". The arc continues in \\\"The Mutant Phase\\\" and concludes in \\\"The Time of the Daleks\\\". At a conference on Archetryx between major temporal powers, the Sixth Doctor and Evelyn discover that Romana has been missing for twenty years and that the Daleks' newest weapon — the Apocalypse Element — threatens not only the Time Lords but the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4782840\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Apocalypse Element\",\n \"text\": \"The Apocalypse Element The Apocalypse Element is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series \\\"Doctor Who\\\". It forms the second serial in the Dalek Empire arc, following on from events in \\\"The Genocide Machine\\\". The arc continues in \\\"The Mutant Phase\\\" and concludes in \\\"The Time of the Daleks\\\". At a conference on Archetryx between major temporal powers, the Sixth Doctor and Evelyn discover that Romana has been missing for twenty years and that the Daleks' newest weapon — the Apocalypse Element — threatens not only the Time Lords but the entire\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4782839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"James Chadwick\",\n \"text\": \"with no electric charge. Then in January 1932, Feather drew Chadwick's attention to another surprising result. Frédéric and Irène Joliot-Curie had succeeded in knocking protons from paraffin wax using polonium and beryllium as a source for what they thought was gamma radiation. Rutherford and Chadwick disagreed; protons were too heavy for that. But neutrons would need only a small amount of energy to achieve the same effect. In Rome, Ettore Majorana came to the same conclusion: the Joliot-Curies had discovered the neutron but did not know it. Chadwick dropped all his other responsibilities to concentrate on proving the existence of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1490164\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Chalcogen\",\n \"text\": \"and Pierre Curie discovered that a sample of pitchblende was emitting four times as much radioactivity as could be explained by the presence of uranium alone. The Curies gathered several tons of pitchblende and refined it for several months until they had a pure sample of polonium. The discovery officially took place in 1898. Prior to the invention of particle accelerators, the only way to create polonium was to extract it over several months from uranium ore. The first attempt at creating livermorium was from 1976 to 1977 at the LBNL, who bombarded curium-248 with calcium-48, but were not successful.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"72997\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium dichloride\",\n \"text\": \"by dehalogenation of polonium tetrachloride, PoCl. Methods for dehalogenating PoCl include thermal decomposition at 300 °C, reduction of cold, slightly moist PoCl by sulfur dioxide; and heating PoCl in a stream of carbon monoxide or hydrogen sulfide at 150 °C. PoCl dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid to give a pink solution, which autoxidises to Po(IV). PoCl is rapidly oxidised by hydrogen peroxide or chlorine water. Addition of potassium hydroxide to the pink solution results in a dark brown precipitate – possibly hydrated PoO or Po(OH) – which is rapidly oxidised to Po(IV). With dilute nitric acid, PoCl forms a dark\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13551643\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Card\",\n \"text\": \"card was used. A 1989 study found that Discover had strong consumer adoption in the U.S.; the number of households with Discover cards increased by 2.1 million, or 14 percent, in 1989. Discover was also noteworthy for being the only credit card accepted by the U.S. Customs Service to pay customs duty, effective Feb. 19, 1987. Since it did not charge a percentage fee to retailers, unlike Visa, MasterCard, and American Express, Discover was also the only credit card accepted at Sam's Club; the retailer has since started to accept MasterCard and American Express (see below). The plan to create\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2669165\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"DISCover\",\n \"text\": \"DISCover Digital Interactive Systems Corporation (or DISCover) is a company specializing in gaming technology for PCs. They are the creators of the DISCover technology which allow PC games to be played like a video game console. The technology, which features the \\\"Drop and Play\\\" engine, auto-plays CDs or DVDs and automates scripts for installing and updating games. Consoles with the engine connect to the Internet for game updates. This technology debuted at the 2003 Electronic Entertainment Expo. Machines using DISCover technology include the Apex Extreme, Alienware DHS 2 and DHS 5. In August 2007, DISCover announced that their Hardcore White-Label\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11105597\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"DISCover\",\n \"text\": \"Gaming System, or HAWGS, technology would be used for FiringSquad's Ammo digital distribution service. The following month, on September 2007, the company disclosed the InstaPlay desktop client, which improves the ease of use for accessing games. DISCover chief executive officer David Ferrigno addressed Instaplay concerns and comparisons with other digital distribution services such as Direct2Drive and Steam. DISCover Digital Interactive Systems Corporation (or DISCover) is a company specializing in gaming technology for PCs. They are the creators of the DISCover technology which allow PC games to be played like a video game console. The technology, which features the \\\"Drop and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11105598\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Isotopes of polonium\",\n \"text\": \"per second as 5 grams of Ra. A few curies (1 curie equals 37 gigabecquerels) of Po emit a blue glow caused by excitation of surrounding air. A single gram of Po generates 140 watts of power. Because it emits many alpha particles, which are stopped within a very short distance in dense media and release their energy, Po has been used as a lightweight heat source to power thermoelectric cells in artificial satellites; for instance, a Po heat source was also in each of the Lunokhod rovers deployed on the surface of the Moon, to keep their internal components\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5874501\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Modulated neutron initiator\",\n \"text\": \"particle bombardment, the beryllium atoms emit neutrons at a rate of about 1 neutron each 5–10 nanoseconds (See Beryllium#Nuclear properties). These neutrons trigger the chain reaction in the compressed supercritical plutonium. Placing the polonium layer between two large masses of beryllium ensures contact of the metals even if the shock wave turbulence performs poorly. The 50 curies of polonium generated about 0.1 watts of decay heat, noticeably warming the small sphere. The grooves in the inner surface of the shell shaped the shock wave into jets by the Munroe effect, similar to a shaped charge, for fast and thorough mixing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10929935\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Fifth Element\",\n \"text\": \"films among his readers, regarded as both the best and the worst summer blockbuster of all time. Kermode recalled his own experience: \\\"I remember very clearly being in Cannes when \\\"[The] Fifth Element\\\" was first played, and it \\\"really\\\" divided the audience.\\\" Stephen Cass of \\\"Discover\\\" ranked the film the third-best science fiction film on subscription service Hulu, writing, \\\"People seem to either like or loathe \\\"The Fifth Element \\\"... Lavish visuals and entertaining performances from Bruce Willis, Milla Jovovich, and Gary Oldman make this movie worth watching.\\\" In some circles the film has gained a \\\"so-bad-it's-good\\\" status; Meredith Woerner\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1280952\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"Prof. Nick Priest of Middlesex University, an environmental toxicologist and radiation expert, speaking on Sky News on December 3, 2006, Litvinenko was probably the first person to die of the acute α-radiation effects of Po. Abnormally high concentrations of Po were detected in July 2012 in clothes and personal belongings of the Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, a heavy smoker, who died on 11 November 2004 of uncertain causes. The spokesman for the Institut de Radiophysique in Lausanne, Switzerland, where those items were analyzed, stressed that the \\\"clinical symptoms described in Arafat's medical reports were not consistent with polonium-210 and that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313443\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Financial\",\n \"text\": \"Discover Financial Discover Financial Services, Inc. is an American financial services company that owns and operates Discover Bank, which offers checking and savings accounts and credit cards. It also owns and operates the Discover and Pulse networks, and owns Diners Club International. Discover Card is the third largest credit card brand in the United States, when measured by cards in force, with nearly 50 million cardholders. Discover is currently headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Riverwoods, Illinois. Sears introduced the Discover credit card in 1985 in conjunction with real estate franchise Coldwell, Banker & Company and brokerage firm Dean Witter\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10696790\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"natural environmental origin\\\". Following later Russian tests, Vladimir Uiba, the head of the Russian Federal Medical and Biological Agency, stated in December 2013 that Arafat died of natural causes, and they had no plans to conduct further tests. It has been suggested that chelation agents, such as British Anti-Lewisite (dimercaprol), can be used to decontaminate humans. In one experiment, rats were given a fatal dose of 1.45 MBq/kg (8.7 ng/kg) of Po; all untreated rats were dead after 44 days, but 90% of the rats treated with the chelation agent HOEtTTC remained alive for 5 months. Polonium-210 may be quantified\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313445\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Period 6 element\",\n \"text\": \"cancer, after cigarette smoking, causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States. About 2,900 of these deaths occur among people who have never smoked. While radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer, it is the number one cause among non-smokers, according to EPA estimates. Of the period 6 elements, only tungsten is known to have any biological role in organisms. However, gold, platinum, mercury, and some lanthanides such as gadolinium have applications as drugs. Most of the period 6 elements are toxic(for instance lead) and produce heavy-element poisoning. Promethium, polonium, astatine and radon are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1533354\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Financial\",\n \"text\": \"and U.S. Bank. In addition to its card products, Discover also markets savings products, checking accounts, personal loans, student loans, and home equity loans. Discover Financial Discover Financial Services, Inc. is an American financial services company that owns and operates Discover Bank, which offers checking and savings accounts and credit cards. It also owns and operates the Discover and Pulse networks, and owns Diners Club International. Discover Card is the third largest credit card brand in the United States, when measured by cards in force, with nearly 50 million cardholders. Discover is currently headquartered in the Chicago suburb of Riverwoods,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10696797\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Which Lie Did I Tell?\",\n \"text\": \"Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \\\"Adventures in the Screen Trade\\\". Originally to be called \\\"The Big Campfire\\\", the inspiration for the title came when Goldman was in the office of a Hollywood producer who was talking on the phone to one of his associates. Suddenly he cupped his hands over the receiver, snapped his fingers and said “Bill, Bill! Which lie did I tell?” The book\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6355609\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover the Networks\",\n \"text\": \"Discover the Networks Discover the Networks (originally Discover the Network) (DtN) is a website run by the David Horowitz Freedom Center that focuses on the individuals, groups, and history of groups alleged to be politically left wing. DtN was launched in 2004 and has a staff of about a dozen contributors. Its current Editor-in-Chief is David Horowitz; John Perazzo is the project's managing editor, and Richard Poe is its investigative editor. Discover the Networks is associated with FrontPageMag.com. According to the project's mission statement, DtN's goal is to provide a comprehensive \\\"guide to the political left\\\" covering \\\"the individuals and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9572606\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonide\",\n \"text\": \"iron, molybdenum, tantalum or tungsten. Polonide A polonide is a chemical compound of the radioactive element polonium with any element less electronegative than polonium. Polonides are usually prepared by a direct reaction between the elements at temperatures of around 300–400 °C. They are amongst the most chemically stable compounds of polonium, and can be divided into two broad groups: Some polonides are intermediate between these two cases and others are non-stoichiometric compounds. Alloys containing polonium are also classed as polonides. As polonium is immediately below tellurium in the periodic table, there are many chemical and structural similarities between polonides and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14593104\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonide\",\n \"text\": \"Polonide A polonide is a chemical compound of the radioactive element polonium with any element less electronegative than polonium. Polonides are usually prepared by a direct reaction between the elements at temperatures of around 300–400 °C. They are amongst the most chemically stable compounds of polonium, and can be divided into two broad groups: Some polonides are intermediate between these two cases and others are non-stoichiometric compounds. Alloys containing polonium are also classed as polonides. As polonium is immediately below tellurium in the periodic table, there are many chemical and structural similarities between polonides and tellurides. Lead polonide (PbPo) occurs\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14593100\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Field with one element\",\n \"text\": \"Field with one element In mathematics, the field with one element is a suggestive name for an object that should behave similarly to a finite field with a single element, if such a field could exist. This object is denoted F, or, in a French–English pun, F. The name \\\"field with one element\\\" and the notation F are only suggestive, as there is no field with one element in classical abstract algebra. Instead, F refers to the idea that there should be a way to replace sets and operations, the traditional building blocks for abstract algebra, with other, more flexible\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11047078\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Field with one element\",\n \"text\": \"discrete Fourier transform (complex-valued) and the related number-theoretic transform (Z/\\\"n\\\"Z-valued). Field with one element In mathematics, the field with one element is a suggestive name for an object that should behave similarly to a finite field with a single element, if such a field could exist. This object is denoted F, or, in a French–English pun, F. The name \\\"field with one element\\\" and the notation F are only suggestive, as there is no field with one element in classical abstract algebra. Instead, F refers to the idea that there should be a way to replace sets and operations, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11047092\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"The actual toxicity of Po is lower than these estimates because radiation exposure that is spread out over several weeks (the biological half-life of polonium in humans is 30 to 50 days) is somewhat less damaging than an instantaneous dose. It has been estimated that a median lethal dose of Po is , or 0.089 micrograms, still an extremely small amount. For comparison, one grain of table salt is about 0.06 mg = 60 μg. In addition to the acute effects, radiation exposure (both internal and external) carries a long-term risk of death from cancer of 5–10% per Sv. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313435\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polonium\",\n \"text\": \"power radioisotope thermoelectric generators via thermoelectric materials. For example, Po heat sources were used in the Lunokhod 1 (1970) and Lunokhod 2 (1973) Moon rovers to keep their internal components warm during the lunar nights, as well as the Kosmos 84 and 90 satellites (1965). The alpha particles emitted by polonium can be converted to neutrons using beryllium oxide, at a rate of 93 neutrons per million alpha particles. Thus Po-BeO mixtures or alloys are used as a neutron source, for example, in a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons and for inspections of oil wells. About 1500 sources\",\n \"psg_id\": \"313427\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover: The World of Science\",\n \"text\": \"Discover: The World of Science Discover: The World of Science is an American television show that ran between 1983 and 1990. Actor Peter Graves is the on-camera host and narrator of \\\"Discover: The World of Science\\\", a monthly, one-hour magazine-style television series which provides a human perspective on new developments in robots, science, technology, medicine, the environment, behavior and natural history. The series was typically broadcast on Wednesday evenings at 8 PM on PBS. The series, with early episodes being underwritten by Atari and later episodes being underwritten by GTE, was produced by Chedd-Angier Productions in association with Discover Magazine.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19744708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Financial\",\n \"text\": \"the Diners Club International network from Citigroup for $165 million. In May 2008, the Federal Trade Commission approved the transaction and it finalized on July 1, 2008. Discover stated that the Diners Club network, which is a major network outside the United States, will be merged with the Discover Network, a major network in the United States, creating an international network for Discover and Diners Club cardholders. Diners Club cards will continue to be issued by Diners Club International licensees. At this time, Discover Bank has no plans on issuing Diners Club branded cards itself. On September 17, 2010, Discover\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10696794\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Field with one element\",\n \"text\": \"objects. While there is still no field with a single element in these theories, there is a field-like object whose characteristic is one. F cannot be a field because all fields must contain two distinct elements, the additive identity zero and the multiplicative identity one. Even if this restriction is dropped, a ring with one element must be the zero ring, which does not behave like a finite field. Instead, most proposed theories of F replace abstract algebra entirely. Mathematical objects such as vector spaces and polynomial rings can be carried over into these new theories by mimicking their abstract\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11047079\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Wisconsin\",\n \"text\": \"Discover Wisconsin Discover Wisconsin is a weekly non-fictional television program which encourages tourism in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and features profiles of cities, events and tourist attractions throughout the state. The program is written, directed and produced in Madison, Wisconsin and is billed as the longest running tourism TV show in the United States. The program has won 20 National Telly Awards. Discover Wisconsin has also been nominated for 8 Emmy nominations, winning once in 2012 for its 25th Anniversary Special. Dick Rose came up with the idea for a show in 1986 to showcase Wisconsin vacation spots. Discover\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15702952\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Wisconsin\",\n \"text\": \"Discover Wisconsin Discover Wisconsin is a weekly non-fictional television program which encourages tourism in the U.S. state of Wisconsin and features profiles of cities, events and tourist attractions throughout the state. The program is written, directed and produced in Madison, Wisconsin and is billed as the longest running tourism TV show in the United States. The program has won 20 National Telly Awards. Discover Wisconsin has also been nominated for 8 Emmy nominations, winning once in 2012 for its 25th Anniversary Special. Dick Rose came up with the idea for a show in 1986 to showcase Wisconsin vacation spots. Discover\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15702949\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Discover Financial\",\n \"text\": \"Financial announced it would acquire Citigroup-owned Student Loan Corporation for $30/share. The deal finalized on December 31. On June 6, 2012, Tree.com, Inc. completed the sale of substantially all of the operating assets of its Home Loan Center, Inc. business to a wholly owned subsidiary of Discover Financial. In exchange for the assets sold, Discover paid an aggregate of $45.9 million including payments made prior to the closing which were applied to the closing price. On June 12, 2012, Discover began originating mortgages with its launch of Discover Home Loans, offering prime variable- and fixed-rate conventional and FHA home mortgage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10696795\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["radium","radium (ra)","ra-226","element 88"],"string":"[\n \"radium\",\n \"radium (ra)\",\n \"ra-226\",\n \"element 88\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":93,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"in the banana splits what sort of animal was snorky?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"Banana Splits discography The Banana Splits are a fictional musical group of four animal characters; Fleegle, a beagle; Bingo, a gorilla; Drooper, a lion; and Snorky, an elephant; played by actors in costume miming to music created for them, who starred in their own successful television series \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\". The Banana Splits' bubblegum pop rock and roll was provided by studio professionals, including Al Kooper (\"You're the Lovin' End\"), Barry White (\"Doin' the Banana Split\"), and Gene Pitney (\"Two Ton Tessie\"). Jimmy Radcliffe provided his songs (\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\", \"Soul\", \"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\",","psg_id":"9932558"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"Banana Splits discography The Banana Splits are a fictional musical group of four animal characters; Fleegle, a beagle; Bingo, a gorilla; Drooper, a lion; and Snorky, an elephant; played by actors in costume miming to music created for them, who starred in their own successful television series \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\". The Banana Splits' bubblegum pop rock and roll was provided by studio professionals, including Al Kooper (\\\"You're the Lovin' End\\\"), Barry White (\\\"Doin' the Banana Split\\\"), and Gene Pitney (\\\"Two Ton Tessie\\\"). Jimmy Radcliffe provided his songs (\\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\", \\\"Soul\\\", \\\"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932558\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"The Banana Splits The Banana Splits Adventure Hour was an hour-long, packaged television variety program featuring The Banana Splits, a fictional rock band composed of four funny animal characters. The costumed hosts of the show were Fleegle (guitar, vocals), Bingo (drums, vocals), Drooper (bass, vocals) and Snorky (keyboards, effects). The series was produced by Hanna-Barbera, and ran for 31 episodes on NBC Saturday mornings, from September 7, 1968, to September 5, 1970, and in syndication from 1971 to 1982. The costumes and sets were designed by Sid and Marty Krofft, and the series' sponsor was Kellogg's Cereals. The show featured","psg_id":"1675070"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"VHS. Warner Archive has yet to release the complete series on DVD. The Banana Splits The Banana Splits Adventure Hour was an hour-long, packaged television variety program featuring The Banana Splits, a fictional rock band composed of four funny animal characters. The costumed hosts of the show were Fleegle (guitar, vocals), Bingo (drums, vocals), Drooper (bass, vocals) and Snorky (keyboards, effects). The series was produced by Hanna-Barbera, and ran for 31 episodes on NBC Saturday mornings, from September 7, 1968, to September 5, 1970, and in syndication from 1971 to 1982. The costumes and sets were designed by Sid and","psg_id":"1675087"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"Michael Vincent) and Ronne Troup appeared in the live-action component \"Danger Island\". All the live-action material filmed for the series' first season, including the \"Banana Splits\" and \"Danger Island\" segments, was directed by Richard Donner. Each show represented a meeting of the \"Banana Splits Club\", and the wraparounds featured the adventures of the club members, who doubled as a musical quartet, meant to be reminiscent of The Monkees. The main characters were Fleegle, a beagle (possibly crossed with a flat-coated retriever); Bingo, an orange-furred gorilla (possibly half-orangutan); Drooper, a lion; and Snorky, called \"Snork\" in the theme song lyrics, an","psg_id":"1675073"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"Bumper Cars, Merry-Go-Rounds, and many other rides at Six Flags and Coney Island. The Sour Grapes Bunch is a group of human girl characters from the Banana Splits. One of the members of the club—Charley, usually played by Shirley Hillstrom—would bring a written note to the Splits. None of the Sour Grapes spoke in the entire series; however, they would also do a number with the Banana Splits. In the first-season episode on October 5, 1968, a song debuted entitled \"Doin' The Banana Split\", as all five girls appeared together with the Splits. Also featured were the \"Banana Buggies\" mentioned","psg_id":"1675076"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"also spawned the \"Snap, Crackle, Pop\" jingle, among others. Adams and Barkan were music directors for the show. The song was released as a single, attributed to The Banana Splits, and peaked at number 96 on Billboard's Top 100 in February 1969. The version included on the \"We're The Banana Splits\" album is the same recording heard at the beginning of the show, while the single version is an entirely different arrangement and recording of the song, featuring an additional verse. The Banana Splits' bubblegum pop rock and roll was provided by studio professionals, including Joey Levine (\"I Enjoy Being","psg_id":"1675080"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"credits under his stage name Rick Lancelot. Lancelotti went on to record several songs with Frank Zappa. In 1968, The Banana Splits released an album on Decca Records titled \"We're the Banana Splits\". US punk rock act The Dickies covered the theme song in 1978, entitled \"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\". Their recording reached Number 7 in the UK charts and now appears as a bonus on the CD reissue of their 1979 album \"The Incredible Shrinking Dickies\". They still perform this cover live at almost every concert. It was also featured in the movie soundtrack of \"Kick-Ass\", during","psg_id":"1675082"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"books. Gold Key began publishing a comic version in 1969, releasing eight issues through 1971. Drawn by Jack Manning, these stories followed the musicians either trying to find work or on the road between gigs. The Banana Splits had a crossover with the Suicide Squad in \"Suicide Squad/Banana Splits\" #1 on March 29, 2017. On September 21, 2009, Warner Home Video released the complete first season on DVD in Region 2. The 6-disc set consists of 36 edited half-hour episodes of \"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\" as aired on Cartoon Network and Boomerang. The series was also released on","psg_id":"1675086"},{"title":"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park","text":"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park is a 1972 live-action/animated television film made by Hanna-Barbera featuring the characters from \"The Banana Splits\" television series. Mixing live action sequences shot at Kings Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio with animation, the film follows the Banana Splits as they attempt to rescue a young girl who is kidnapped by a power-hungry witch. Like many animated Hanna-Barbera productions of the 1970s, \"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\" contained an inferior laugh track created by the studio. \"Hocus Pocus Park\" was first broadcast as an","psg_id":"12862649"},{"title":"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park","text":"episode on the weekly program \"The ABC Saturday Superstar Movie\" on November 25, 1972 and continued to air sporadically well into the 2000s, via cable networks Cartoon Network and Boomerang, both of which also aired reruns of its parent series. The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park is a 1972 live-action/animated television film made by Hanna-Barbera featuring the characters from \"The Banana Splits\" television series. Mixing live action sequences shot at Kings Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio with animation, the film follows the Banana Splits as they attempt to rescue a young","psg_id":"12862650"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"The Lovin' End\"/\"Toy Piano Melody\"/\"In New Orleans\"/\"Two-Ton Tessie\"/\"Long Live Love\"/\"Don't Go Away—Go-Go Girl\"/\"It's A Good Day For A Parade\"/\"Pretty Painted Carousel\"/\"I Enjoy Being A Boy (In Love With You)\"/\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\" (single version)/\"Looking For The Beagles\"/\"Sharing Wishes\"/\"I'd Join The Foreign Legion\"/\"What More Can I Do?\"/\"Be The Captain\"/\"Humpty Dumpty\"/\"Thanks To The Man On The Moon\"/\"I Wanna Capture You\"/\"Indian Love Dance\"/\"You Satisfy\"/\"That's The Pretty Part Of You\"/\"The Very First Kid On My Block\"/\"The Beautiful Calliopa\"/\"Let Me Remember You Smiling\"/\"Soul\" This was an unauthorized CD reissue of the complete Banana Splits discography, including the \"We're The Banana","psg_id":"9932570"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"the single version of \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana),\" were not included on the \"We're The Banana Splits\" album. The single version of \"The Tra La La Song\" is an entirely different arrangement and recording of the song from the one on the \"We're The Banana Splits\" album and the TV show, and features an additional verse. Decca singles 32429 and 73256 were issued with picture sleeves; Decca 32391 was not—although foreign releases of the first single had picture sleeves. \"The Tra La La Song\" and \"Doin' The Banana Split\" are the same takes included on","psg_id":"9932566"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"ten-year-old Hit-Girl's brutally violent fight scene. A cover of the show's theme song performed by Liz Phair with Material Issue (surprisingly appropriate as Liz Phair and three cast members of the Banana Splits attended New Trier High School) is included on the 1995 tribute album \"\", produced by Ralph Sall for MCA Records. Another rendition was performed by rock & roll comic C.C. Banana on the 2005 cartoon tribute album \"Complete Balanced Breakfast.\" A cover of \"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\" by pop-punk band Mr. T Experience was issued on the 1993 tribute album \"Banana Pad Riot\" and their \"Big","psg_id":"1675083"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"\"Adam Had 'Em\" and \"The Show Must Go On\") but did not contribute vocals to Splits recordings. The music director was music publisher Aaron Schroeder who picked the songs created by his staff writers. The intended main theme song was to be the Ritchie Adams and Tony Powers song \"We're The Banana Splits\" but the television and advertising executives thought the \"Tra La La Song\", another Adams composition co-written with prolific songwriter and producer Mark Barkan, was a catchier theme. According to an interview in \"DISCoveries\" magazine, Adams and Barkan sang \"Wait Til Tomorrow,\" \"We're The Banana Splits\" and \"The","psg_id":"9932559"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"both live action and animated segments, and was Hanna-Barbera's first foray into mixing live action with animation. In 1967, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera approached Sid Krofft and Marty Krofft to design costumes for a television show which would feature animated and live-action segments, with the whole show hosted by a bubblegum rock group of anthropomorphic characters. The format of the show was loosely based on \"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\". \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\" premiered on NBC on September 7, 1968. In his autobiography, Barbera said that the show was to be called \"The Banana Bunch\", but they could","psg_id":"1675071"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"copies was added on a small yellow sticker. Later pressings are a lighter shade of green and have a copyright notice printed directly in the lower left corner of the front cover. Counterfeit versions of the vinyl album appeared in the late 1990s. They carry a white promo Decca label, but have all other references to Decca Records removed, including the front cover logo. The songs also fade out slightly earlier than on the original album. \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\" (album version)/\"We're The Banana Splits\"/\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\"/\"This Spot\"/\"Doin' The Banana Split\"/\"Wait Til Tomorrow\"/\"You're","psg_id":"9932569"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"1989 release \"Big Black Bugs Bleed Blue Blood\" and as a hidden track on the \"Our Bodies Our Selves\" release also from 1993. \"Banana Pad Riot\" also featured recordings from punk bands The Vindictives (\"Two Ton Tessie\"), Boris The Sprinkler (\"We're The Banana Splits\"), and The Young Fresh Fellows (\"Doin' The Banana Split\"). Liz Phair and Material Issue recorded \"The Tra La La Song\" for the 1995 compilation album \"\". Their version was based on the Decca Records single version, with a different arrangement than the version used on the TV series, also including an otherwise unheard additional verse. Throughout","psg_id":"9932564"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"a Boy\", \"It's a Good Day for a Parade\"); Al Kooper (\"You're the Lovin' End\"); Barry White (\"Doin' the Banana Split\"); Gene Pitney (\"Two Ton Tessie\") and Jimmy Radcliffe, who provided his songs (\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\", \"Soul\", \"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\", \"Adam Had 'Em\" and \"The Show Must Go On\") but did not contribute vocals to Splits recordings. The music director was music publisher Aaron Schroeder, while production duties were mainly handled by David Mook. When a heavier R&B vocal was needed, the music producers usually turned to singer Ricky Lancelotti, who was billed in the show","psg_id":"1675081"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"Tra La La Song\". David Mook produced all of the released tracks (co-producing the single sides \"Long Live Love\" and \"Pretty Painted Carousel\" with Aaron Schroeder), credited as \"A Past, Present, and Future Production by David Mook for Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc.\" (Mook also co-wrote the theme songs for Chuck Barris' \"The Dating Game\" and \"The Newlywed Game\".) Arranger Jack Eskew also orchestrated some of the Splits' tunes. Three singles, \"The Tra La La Song\", \"Wait Till Tomorrow\", and \"Long Live Love\" were released by the Splits along with an album, \"We're the Banana Splits\". Two 45RPM EP records with four","psg_id":"9932560"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"producer credits, the other being \"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\"; Edward Rosen served as producer on both series. They would not, however, assume the title full-time for another five years. This Hanna-Barbera series was also one of the first Saturday morning cartoon shows to utilize a laugh track. Hanna-Barbera produced \"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\", a televised feature film, for ABC in 1972. In August 2008, Warner Bros. announced a multi-platform release featuring new comedy shorts and music videos; this debuted on Cartoon Network starting on September 2, 2008. The relaunch included a live show and a","psg_id":"1675078"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"in the theme song. These were seen driven by each live-action character in the opening and closing segments, and occasionally in the wraparound and music video segments as well. The buggies were customized Amphicat six-wheel drive all-terrain vehicles each decorated to resemble the character who drove them. Plastic 1/25 scale model kits were issued by Aurora Plastics Corporation under catalog number 832, beginning in 1969. These were never reissued by Aurora, but have since been released as high-end, resin-based kits. \"The Banana Splits\" was one of the first two Hanna-Barbera series in 1968 in which Hanna and Barbera received executive","psg_id":"1675077"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"not get permission from the author of a children's book by that title. The Krofft brothers give credit to the success of the series for opening the door for their own entry into television, \"H.R. Pufnstuf\". NBC picked up the Krofft series, which was launched during an hour-long special hosted by \"The Banana Splits\" on August 30, 1969. The show's live-action segment \"Danger Island\", a cliffhanger serial, as well as the short-lived \"Micro Ventures\", a part-live action, part-animated series consisting of only four episodes, ran alongside the animated segments \"Arabian Knights\" and \"The Three Musketeers\". Actors Jan-Michael Vincent (billed as","psg_id":"1675072"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"of the Sea\". An unusual claim is that the song may have inspired Bob Marley, with the striking similarity between the song's chorus and the bridge of the Bob Marley & The Wailers song \"Buffalo Soldier\". A story by BBC in 2010 examines the claim. New York-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants have covered \"I Enjoy Being A Boy (In Love With You)\", released as part of their podcast. Cleveland-based garage rock band 45 Spider have covered \"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\" for the Underground Garage \"Coolest Song in the World\". The Banana Splits' adventures continued in comic","psg_id":"1675085"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"which entered the UK charts in 1979. The Bob Marley and the Wailers song \"Buffalo Soldier\", from the 1983 album \"Confrontation\", features a very similar melody to \"The Tra La La Song\" in its chorus. In 1988, \"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\" was covered by Girl Trouble for the \"Sub Pop 200\" compilation The Mr. T Experience recorded \"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\" for the 1993 Banana Splits Tribute album \"Banana Pad Riot\" on the Skull Duggery Label. Mr. T Experience also included \"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\", as a bonus track on their 1997 Lookout Records re-issue of the","psg_id":"9932563"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"Black Bugs Bleed Blue Blood\" and \"Our Bodies Our Selves\" CD releases. The 1988 landmark release \"Sub Pop 200\" included a version of \"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\" retitled \"Gonna Find a Cave\" by the band Girl Trouble. \"Sub Pop 200\" featured recordings from many soon to be notable bands, Nirvana, Green River, Mudhoney, Soundgarden and others from Seattle's Grunge music explosion that followed. Chicago-based musician Ralph Covert, who records children's music under the group name Ralph's World, covered the theme song under the title \"The Banana Splits (The Tra La La Song)\" on his 2001 album \"At the Bottom","psg_id":"1675084"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"a cartoon segment that previously appeared on \"The Atom Ant Show\" (1965–1968). In reruns, episodes of \"The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show\", \"The Adventures of Gulliver\" and \"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\" were aired on the show. For the first season, some of the live-action segments—specifically those used during the musical segments—were shot at Six Flags Over Texas, an amusement park located in Arlington, Texas. For the second season, filming took place at the Coney Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio. In many episodes, the Banana Splits would be seen riding on the Runaway Mine Train roller coasters, Log Flumes,","psg_id":"1675075"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"recently, an unauthorized vinyl pressing was issued in 2007 by Ripped Couch Records in the UK. This pressing has a different track listing from the original album, consisting of the first 16 tracks on the Hollywood Library bootleg CD (one track from the original album, \"Soul\" written by noted soul singer songwriter Jimmy Radcliffe, is missing from this version despite its being listed on the front cover). The audio was sourced from the Hollywood Library CD. The Californian punk band The Dickies released a sped-up version of \"The Tra La La Song\" as the \"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\"","psg_id":"9932562"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"the \"We're The Banana Splits\" album. However, as released here, they are presented in \"twin-track\" stereo mixes, with vocals in one channel and instruments in the other, not unlike some of the early Beatles stereo mixes. The stereo mixes of the other six songs are similar, but mixed less widely with both vocals and instruments closer to the center. These records were sold together as a Kellogg's cereal box offer, and were released through Hanna-Barbera's premium division. They came in a mailer including unique outer artwork, showing Fleegle holding the two discs. Both were issued in art sleeves featuring drawings","psg_id":"9932567"},{"title":"The Banana Splits","text":"website, as well as a CD and a DVD featuring 13 new songs, released by Universal Records. In addition, a child-themed area named Banana Splitsville was placed at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina's Hard Rock Park rock-and-roll theme park, which later became Freestyle Music Park before closing permanently in 2009. The show's theme song, titled \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\", was credited as being written by Ritchie Adams and Mark Barkan, but that was merely contractual. In fact it was written by N.B. Winkless, Jr. on the slightly out-of-tune upright piano in his living room—a piano that","psg_id":"1675079"},{"title":"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)","text":"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana) \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\" is a 1968 pop song, which was the theme song for the children’s television program \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\". Originally released by Decca Records on the album titled \"We're the Banana Splits\", the single release peaked at #96 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on February 8, 1969. The writing of the song is credited to Mark Barkan and Ritchie Adams, who were the show's music directors. However, there are claims that the theme was written by jingle writer N. B. Winkless,","psg_id":"12915006"},{"title":"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)","text":"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana) \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\" is a 1968 pop song, which was the theme song for the children’s television program \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\". Originally released by Decca Records on the album titled \"We're the Banana Splits\", the single release peaked at #96 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 on February 8, 1969. The writing of the song is credited to Mark Barkan and Ritchie Adams, who were the show's music directors. However, there are claims that the theme was written by jingle writer N. B. Winkless,","psg_id":"12915004"},{"title":"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits","text":"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits Max Bemis and the Painful Splits is a side project created by Say Anything's lead singer Max Bemis in September 2010. He has recorded six albums, titled \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\", \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits 2\", \"The Painful Splits Destroy\", \"The Painful Splits Are Multiplying\", \"Max Bemis and The Painful Splits Stripped Down\", and \"The Painful Splits Wins\", respectively. Bemis himself denied that this was an official \"solo project\", called it a \"low-key sort of release\", and expected the first CD to be the first of a series of such","psg_id":"15498358"},{"title":"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)","text":"Jr. of the Leo Burnett Agency but was credited to Adams and Barkan for contractual reasons. In 1995, Hollywood Library released the 1,000-copy limited-edition CD reissue \"We're the Banana Splits/Here Come the Beagles\" which, in addition to the original album version, includes an alternate version on the song. American punk rock band The Dickies made the song a hit in the United Kingdom in 1979 with their cover version, marketed by A&M Records as \"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\". The record reached #7 in the UK Singles Chart. This cover version was later used in the 2010 film \"Kick-Ass\".","psg_id":"12915005"},{"title":"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits","text":"projects under varying band names. Max Bemis and the Painful Splits Max Bemis and the Painful Splits is a side project created by Say Anything's lead singer Max Bemis in September 2010. He has recorded six albums, titled \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\", \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits 2\", \"The Painful Splits Destroy\", \"The Painful Splits Are Multiplying\", \"Max Bemis and The Painful Splits Stripped Down\", and \"The Painful Splits Wins\", respectively. Bemis himself denied that this was an official \"solo project\", called it a \"low-key sort of release\", and expected the first CD to be the first","psg_id":"15498359"},{"title":"Animal Kwackers","text":"Animal Kwackers Animal Kwackers was a popular children's television series produced by Yorkshire Television and broadcast on Britain's ITV in the 1970s. The Animal Kwackers were a four-piece pop band consisting of Rory, a lion; Twang, a monkey; Bongo, a dog; and Boots, a tiger. The characters were played by actors in costumes. The show was similar in many ways to the successful United States of America (US) series, \"Banana Splits\". The music was a mixture of well-known pop songs and original songs - most of which (including the theme song) were written by Roy Apps and the producer Peter","psg_id":"4993485"},{"title":"Animal Kwackers","text":"released on DVD on 16 April 2012. Animal Kwackers Animal Kwackers was a popular children's television series produced by Yorkshire Television and broadcast on Britain's ITV in the 1970s. The Animal Kwackers were a four-piece pop band consisting of Rory, a lion; Twang, a monkey; Bongo, a dog; and Boots, a tiger. The characters were played by actors in costumes. The show was similar in many ways to the successful United States of America (US) series, \"Banana Splits\". The music was a mixture of well-known pop songs and original songs - most of which (including the theme song) were written","psg_id":"4993487"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"songs each were available via an offer on the back of Kellogg's cereal boxes. Two of the three singles as well as both EPs were issued with picture sleeves. A bootleg recording of all the released Splits recordings was made and released on CD in 1995 on the Hollywood Library label (this CD was mastered from vinyl sources at a slightly increased speed, with excessive noise-reduction, resulting in a noticeable echo effect, especially at the ends of the songs). One song, \"Wait Til Tomorrow\", later appeared on a various artists bubblegum hits CD, sourced from the Hollywood Library bootleg. Most","psg_id":"9932561"},{"title":"History of peasant banana production in the Americas","text":"History of peasant banana production in the Americas While the production of bananas for export is largely in the hands of large commercial companies, such as Chiquita or Dole, the Caribbean, and particularly the Windward Islands, are notable for the production of bananas by small holders for export. They focus their attention on the popular Cavendish banana as these are the fruit of choice on markets in Europe. In the Caribbean, and especially in Dominica where this sort of cultivation is widespread, holdings are in the 1-2 acre range. In many cases the farmer earns additional money from other crops,","psg_id":"15574870"},{"title":"Banana Splits discography","text":"of the characters; advertisements promoting these discs on the back of contemporary Kellogg's cereal boxes showed slightly different artwork, and had a copyright date of 1968, even though those 45rpm Extended Play records were released in 1969. In the prototype artwork for the second disc used in the cereal box ad, it is more clear that the Banana Buggy is driving atop the surface of a 45 RPM record. All songs on the album are true stereo mixes. There are two minor cover variations. The earliest pressings had a darker green color and had no copyright notice, which on some","psg_id":"9932568"},{"title":"Latundan banana","text":"Latundan banana Latundan bananas (also called Tundan, silk bananas, Pisang raja sereh, Manzana bananas or apple bananas), are triploid hybrid banana cultivars from the Philippines. It is one of the most common banana cultivars in Southeast Asia and the Philippines, along with the Lacatan and Saba bananas. Latundan banana plants typically reach a height of 10 to 13 feet. They require full or partial sun exposure. The flowers are yellow, purple, or ivory in color. The fruits are round-tipped with thin yellow skin that splits once fully ripe. They are smaller than the Lacatan cultivar and the commercially dominant Cavendish","psg_id":"15230984"},{"title":"Merge sort","text":"Merge sort In computer science, merge sort (also commonly spelled mergesort) is an efficient, general-purpose, comparison-based sorting algorithm. Most implementations produce a stable sort, which means that the order of equal elements is the same in the input and output. Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that was invented by John von Neumann in 1945. A detailed description and analysis of bottom-up mergesort appeared in a report by Goldstine and von Neumann as early as 1948. Conceptually, a merge sort works as follows: Example C-like code using indices for top-down merge sort algorithm that recursively splits the list","psg_id":"267263"},{"title":"Polyphase merge sort","text":"Polyphase merge sort A polyphase merge sort is a variation of bottom up Merge sort that sorts a list using an initial uneven distribution of sub-lists (runs), primarily used for external sorting, and is more efficient than an ordinary merge sort when there are less than 8 external working files (such as a tape drive or a file on a hard drive). A polyphase merge sort is not a stable sort. A merge sort splits the records of a dataset into sorted runs of records and then repeatedly merges sorted runs into larger sorted runs until only one run, the","psg_id":"11982363"},{"title":"Banana flour","text":"as animal feed in various parts of the world. In particular, it is used as an ingredient in milk replacers for calves. Dynasty Banana Flour Manufacturing and Trading in the Philippines and Taj Agro Products in India export banana flour worldwide for use in livestock feeds (where it acts as a coagulant) and for use in glue production, mainly plywood glue. Academic and institutional researchers in a number of countries have been conducting studies on the effects of banana flour on human health. Interests been strong in banana flour recently, because of its high resistant starch content. Banana flour also","psg_id":"18327033"},{"title":"Banana slug","text":"Banana slug Banana slugs are North American terrestrial slug comprising the genus Ariolimax. These slugs are often yellow in color and are sometimes spotted with brown, like a ripe (or overripe) banana which is the source of their common name, although they can come in other colours. Species within the genus \"Ariolimax\" include: Banana slugs are often bright yellow (giving rise to the banana nomenclature) although they may also be greenish, brown, tan, or white. The species \"Ariolimax columbianus\" sometimes has black spots that are so extensive that the animal looks almost entirely black. Individual slugs will change colors with","psg_id":"1682626"},{"title":"Banana production in Ecuador","text":"member of the Union of Banana Exporting Countries in an attempt to bargain for better prices. The UEB proposal of an export tax did not succeed in Ecuador, however. In 1975 the UEB collapsed after what became known as \"bananagate\", bribery of the banana trade monopoly consisting of the three US companies (United Fruit, Standard Fruit, and the Del Monte Corporation). Eventually, the \"Black sigatoka\", a banana disease destroying much of banana production in Central American countries and Colombia, as well as a levy of export tax, and political unrest in Central America, came to Ecuador's advantage. the Standard Fruit","psg_id":"17353341"},{"title":"Banana wine","text":"Banana wine Banana wine is a fruit wine made exclusively from bananas. It is different from banana beer, which has a long tradition and great cultural significance in East Africa. Blocker et al. (2001) wrote a chapter on \"Banana Wine\" in the book \"Alcohol and temperance in modern history: an international encyclopedia\", though this is slightly confusing, as they define what is traditionally referred to as banana beer as being banana wine. The data they present on \"Production Techniques\" and \"Social Practices and Rituals\" relates to the latter and not to what is commonly known as banana wine. In Tanzania,","psg_id":"15023419"},{"title":"Banana","text":"interests. The vast majority of the world's bananas today are cultivated for family consumption or for sale on local markets. India is the world leader in this sort of production, but many other Asian and African countries where climate and soil conditions allow cultivation also host large populations of banana growers who sell at least some of their crop. Peasant sector banana growers produce for the world market in the Caribbean, however. The Windward Islands are notable for the growing, largely of Cavendish bananas, for an international market, generally in Europe but also in North America. In the Caribbean, and","psg_id":"506019"},{"title":"Banana flour","text":"an excellent and useful source of resistant starch. Resistant starch refers starch that resists digestion - it is not broken down in the small intestine, but reaches the large intestine, where it functions as a fermentable dietary fiber. Banana flour may have a high resistant starch content (>60%) or it may have a low resistant starch content (<10%), depending upon the drying procedures of the specific ingredient. Banana flour is often used raw, for example as an ingredient in smoothies or nutrition bars, because cooking may reduce the resistant starch content. Animal feed and glue manufacturing Banana flour is used","psg_id":"18327032"},{"title":"Union of Banana Exporting Countries","text":"Union of Banana Exporting Countries The Union of Banana Exporting Countries ( or UPEB) was a cartel of Central and South American banana exporting countries established in 1974, inspired by OPEC. Its aim was to achieve better remuneration from the North American banana trade oligopoly, which consisted of three US companies. UPEB's proposal of an export tax was undermined by the U.S. oligopoly bribing Honduran and Italian officials. The UPEB cartel collapsed when bribes became public. What is referred to as the Bananagate scandal paved the way for the U.S. Congress to create the 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In","psg_id":"8967720"},{"title":"Banana (slur)","text":"traditional Chinese culture. Ted: You've become what is known as a \"banana\".<br> Kahn\":\"Banana\"?<br> Ted: Consider the properties of a banana, Kahn.<br> Its skin is yellow, but its insides are white. \"She thinks you’re some kind of unrefined banana—yellow on the outside, white on the inside.\" <br> Goh Peik Lin (Awkwafina) telling Rachel Chu (Constance Wu) that she is a banana Banana (slur) Banana is a term for an Asian person living in a Western country (e.g., an Asian American) who has lost touch with the cultural identity of his or her parents. The term is derived from the fruit banana,","psg_id":"18834552"},{"title":"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn","text":"repackaged into syndication as part of \"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\". Although originally airing in an hour-long format as a Saturday morning show called \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\", subsequent incarnations were re-edited and sold into syndication as half-hour episodes which included several series not originally part of the original show. As part of \"The Banana Splits\", \"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\" enjoyed new life, becoming well known to subsequent generations for the next four decades. The show opened and closed with a catchy theme song, using banjo accompaniment to give it a Southern flavor: We got the","psg_id":"10933627"},{"title":"Cache-oblivious distribution sort","text":"subroutine copy_elems. In this base case, all elements from subarray i that belong to bucket j are added at once. If this leads to bucket j having too many elements, it splits the bucket with the procedure described beforehand. Cache-oblivious distribution sort The cache-oblivious distribution sort is a comparison-based sorting algorithm. It is similar to quicksort, but it is a cache-oblivious algorithm, designed for a setting where the number of elements to sort is too large to fit in a cache where operations are done. In the external memory model, the number of memory transfers it needs to perform a","psg_id":"18054976"},{"title":"Banana production in the United States","text":"the far southern Midwest and along the Ohio river, Kentucky, and Virginia,) containing a climate similar to that of the banana growing region of inland south-central and eastern China (Sichuan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangsu, Henan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Chongqing, and Guizhou provinces,) banana cultivation is more seasonal. If independent cultivation was counted towards a nations total of banana production, its estimated that the United States would rank at about the 4th or 5th country for banana production in the world. Bananas are also grown commercially in Puerto Rico, Guam, and American Samoa. Banana#Modern cultivation Banana production in the United States Commercial","psg_id":"18715227"},{"title":"Banana wine","text":"wine production to other countries where the crop is prevalent. The Philippines government has sought to expand a local banana wine industry, while India has produced both award-winning banana wines and research into expanding production. Banana wine Banana wine is a fruit wine made exclusively from bananas. It is different from banana beer, which has a long tradition and great cultural significance in East Africa. Blocker et al. (2001) wrote a chapter on \"Banana Wine\" in the book \"Alcohol and temperance in modern history: an international encyclopedia\", though this is slightly confusing, as they define what is traditionally referred to","psg_id":"15023422"},{"title":"Collection of Splits 2002–2004","text":"making it readily available again. Collection of Splits 2002–2004 Collection of Splits 2002–2004 is a compilation album by Canadian grindcore band Fuck the Facts. It was released in the spring of 2006 on Great White North Records. The compilation contains all of the tracks (minus live and bonus tracks) from the splits released between \"Backstabber Ettiquette\" and \"Legacy of Hopelessness\". It was also packed with enhanced MP3 tracks from some of the earlier splits and other oddities. Topon Das had expressed an interest in releasing a compilation after he realized that many fans were unable to acquire the actual splits,","psg_id":"12299254"},{"title":"Collection of Splits 2002–2004","text":"Collection of Splits 2002–2004 Collection of Splits 2002–2004 is a compilation album by Canadian grindcore band Fuck the Facts. It was released in the spring of 2006 on Great White North Records. The compilation contains all of the tracks (minus live and bonus tracks) from the splits released between \"Backstabber Ettiquette\" and \"Legacy of Hopelessness\". It was also packed with enhanced MP3 tracks from some of the earlier splits and other oddities. Topon Das had expressed an interest in releasing a compilation after he realized that many fans were unable to acquire the actual splits, due to their limited pressings","psg_id":"12299252"},{"title":"Banana production in the United States","text":"Banana production in the United States Commercial banana production in the United States is relatively limited in scale and economic impact. While Americans eat of bananas per person per year, the vast majority of the fruit is imported from other countries, chiefly Central and South America, where the US has previously occupied areas containing banana plantations, and controlled the importation of bananas via various fruit companies, such as Dole and Chiquita. The first commercial banana farm in the United States was established in Florida, near Silver Lake, in 1876. A number of independent banana farms and cultivars have been located","psg_id":"18715221"},{"title":"Banana production in Ecuador","text":"decade of the 1990s. In 1998, there were 4,941 banana planters employing a workforce of 98,000. In 1999 Dole established a new loading terminal at Bananapuerto in 1999. In 2003 the Food and Agriculture Organization reported that the country's banana workers received lower wages than banana workers in all other Latin American banana-exporting nations. A study conducted three years earlier stated that the country's banana worker's average monthly wage was US$56. In 2012, Ecuador reported losses of $600 million due to the Black sigatoka fungus, with 40% (85,000 hectares) of the country's banana plantations affected by it. Production of banana","psg_id":"17353343"},{"title":"Banana slug","text":"and gullies. This population is probably also a relic from the Pleistocene epoch. Banana slugs are detritivores, or decomposers. They process leaves, animal droppings, moss, and dead plant material, and then recycle them into soil humus. They seem to have a fondness for mushrooms, spread seeds and spores when they eat, and excrete a nitrogen rich fertilizer. By consuming detritus (dead organic matter) slugs contribute to decomposition and the nutrient cycles and are an important aspect of the ecosystem. Raccoons, garter snakes, ducks, geese and salamanders sometimes eat banana slugs; they roll the slugs in soil to bind the slime.","psg_id":"1682633"},{"title":"Banana production in the United States","text":"to high employment and land expenses. The chief US banana exporter is Florida, which produces mostly Thai and cooking bananas (Bluggoe type). In addition, US banana producers are looking for opportunities in the organic and specialty segments of the banana market in Florida, Texas, California, Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, and Georgia. Banana cultivation in Florida has been about 500 acres, valued at roughly 2 million US $. Other states that remain popular locations for independent banana farming, which usually only export on a highly domestic level, are Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Arizona,","psg_id":"18715225"},{"title":"Banana production in Belize","text":"Banana production in Belize Banana production in Belize accounted for 16 percent of total Belizean exports in 1999. Banana production was aided in the 1990s by privatization and market and production. Banana production in Belize fluctuates, falling from 68,000 tons in 1994 to 45,000 tons in 1995 before rising back to 78,000 tons in 1999. Banana production in Belize began in the late nineteenth century when it was a British colony, when American and British investors established the first plantations. Over the last 70 years, the pattern of banana production has gradually shifted away from large scale American and British","psg_id":"12405881"},{"title":"Banana flour","text":"particular, Maribel Ovando-Martinez led a group of researchers from Mexico and Spain did a study to find what effect the addition of banana flour to pasta would have on pasta’s resistant starch content. Their results showed that such an addition to a normal pasta recipe, even with cooking loss, appreciably increased the resistant starch content of the pasta. Other researchers did similar tests adding banana flour to bread and also found banana flour increased the total resistant starch content of the final product. Researchers have also conducted tests on the effects banana flour has on taste and general palatability. Researchers","psg_id":"18327035"},{"title":"Shire of Banana","text":"November 1879 as one of 74 divisions around Queensland under the \"Divisional Boards Act 1879\" with a population of 2155. The name \"Banana\" does not relate to the fruit, but rather the area was named after a dun-coloured bullock called \"Banana\". On 20 April 1881 part of Banana Division was separated to create Duaringa Division. With the passage of the \"Local Authorities Act 1902\", Banana Division became Shire on Banana on 31 March 1903. The shire's administrative centre was in Banana until 1930, when the building was physically relocated to Rannes. In 1946, the shire headquarters moved to Biloela. On","psg_id":"9243703"},{"title":"Banana production in Brazil","text":"Banana production in Brazil Banana production in Brazil accounts for approximately 10% of the entire world banana production, making Brazil a major banana-producing country in the world. Production has steadily increased over the years, rising from 5.4 million tonnes in 1997 to almost 7 million tonnes in 2007. In 2000, Brazil was fourth, behind India, Uganda and Ecuador, in banana production. By 2006, Brazil became the second largest banana-producer, behind only India, followed by China, Ecuador and the Philippines. Most of the bananas produced are consumed domestically. Gross exports has increased from 12.5 thousand tonnes in 1995 to more than","psg_id":"12829794"},{"title":"Banana production in the Caribbean","text":"employment for about 10,000 workers. In St.Vincent, there are about 5,000 banana growers. The small size of farms makes for inefficient production and contributes to a low standard of living. In Dominica, 8% of the fruit is supplied by 51% of the banana farming population, medium growers supply 41% and over 51% is supplied by large land holders. In the Windward group generally, the majority of the farming population owns less than a third of the banana acreage. In Grenada, there are a large number of peasant plots given to intercrop cultivation with bananas. In St. Vincent, the pattern is","psg_id":"11730672"},{"title":"Banana production in the Caribbean","text":"is exported there is a high incidence of ship-ripe fruit which arrive at their destination in poor condition. Panama disease (Fusarium oxysporum) is caused by tiny worms which feed on the roots of the plants, block the water vessels and reduce production. Production is also affected by pests which scar the banana peel. The placing of sleeves over the bunches and the removal of the buds are two controlling measures. Banana production in the Caribbean Banana production in the Caribbean is widespread. Bananas are cultivated by both small farmers and large land holders. The plant is perennial and is planted","psg_id":"11730675"},{"title":"Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo","text":"century, largely as part of the slave trade. Henry Morton Stanley arrived at Banana in 1879 at the start of an exploratory expedition funded by Léopold II of Belgium. Following the Conference of Berlin (1884–85) the European powers recognized Léopold's claim to the Congo basin, and in a ceremony at Banana in 1885 the king announced the establishment of the Congo Free State, headed by himself, beginning the period of European colonization. Banana was the main Belgian naval base of the Congo until independence in 1960. Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo Banana is a small seaport in the Bas-Congo","psg_id":"2839186"},{"title":"Banana production in Panama","text":"tax on bananas. Panama threatened to take over United Brands' plantations. An agreement was reached in 1976 to tax banana exports. In that year, the tax provided the government with US$10 million, nearly 4 percent of all revenues. In addition, United Brands sold all of land that it owned in Panama to the government; payment was in tax credits. The government leased back to United Brands over for banana production and export operations. Part of the excess land went to the government's newly established banana companies. Banana production in Panama Banana production in Panama has traditionally played an important role","psg_id":"12406042"},{"title":"Radix sort","text":"the keys. In the top level of recursion, opportunity for parallelism is in the counting sort portion of the algorithm. Counting is highly parallel, amenable to the parallel_reduce pattern, and splits the work well across multiple cores until reaching memory bandwidth limit. This portion of the algorithm has data-independent parallelism. Processing each bin in subsequent recursion levels is data-dependent, however. For example, if all keys were of the same value, then there would be only a single bin with any elements in it, and no parallelism would be available. For random inputs all bins would be near equally populated and","psg_id":"351753"},{"title":"The Banana Man","text":"Betty Grable. Sam Levine (May 15, 1881–November 13, 1974) bought Proper's original props and gimmicks from Proper's estate, and performed as The Banana Man on \"Captain Kangaroo\" and \"The Ed Sullivan Show\". \"Allan Jones\" of Cleveland, TN purchased the entire Banana Man props and gimmicks sometime in the early 2000's. The Banana Man The Banana Man was a vaudeville character created by Adolf Proper (November 27, 1886–December 17, 1950) who worked under the stage name \"A. Robins\". The Banana Man (BZ) act consisted of Proper, dressed as a clownish character in a baggy tuxedo, producing an amazing and apparently impossible","psg_id":"9700259"},{"title":"Gordon Splits","text":"Gordon Splits The Gordon Splits is a notable section of gorges of the Gordon River, located in South West Tasmania, Australia. The once impassable gorges are situated on the lower Gordon River in the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The splits has also been an important location of focus within the larger environmental campaign for wilderness preservation in South West Tasmania. The earlier works of Charles Whitham and others suggested that the river went underground at some point. It was not until in 1928 that three piners (J.Hadmar Sticht, G.W. Harrison and","psg_id":"10878792"},{"title":"Banana production in Honduras","text":"Banana production in Honduras Banana production in Honduras plays an important role in the economy of Honduras. In 1992, the revenue generated from banana sales amounted to US$287 million and along with the coffee industry accounted for some 50% of exports. Honduras produced 861,000 tons of bananas in 1999. The two corporations, Chiquita Brands International and the Dole Food Company are responsible for most Honduran banana production and exports. Honduras began exporting bananas in the late nineteenth century, and the trade grew rapidly. Initially, in the 1870s most banana production was confined to the Bay Islands, serious production did not","psg_id":"12405646"},{"title":"Shire of Banana","text":"Shire of Banana The Shire of Banana is a local government area located in the Capricorn region of Queensland, Australia, inland from the regional city of Gladstone. The shire was named after the first township in the region (Banana), which in turn was named for the burial site of a huge dun coloured bullock named 'Banana'. The council sits in the town of Biloela, which is the largest town in the Shire. Major industries in the shire include coal mining, beef production, power generation, dryland cropping and irrigation cropping such as lucerne and cotton. Banana Division was created on 11","psg_id":"9243702"},{"title":"Banana production in Honduras","text":"that global banana production was under threat by disease and may be wiped out within ten years if preventative measures are not taken to protect against it. Scientists from the banana industry in Honduras responded to the potential crisis by implementing new large-scale breeding schemes in a new FHIA variety. This FHIA banana crop is resistant to major diseases and pests, but is also highly productive and efficient. The scheme in Honduras is financed by the multinational United Brands. Banana production in Honduras Banana production in Honduras plays an important role in the economy of Honduras. In 1992, the revenue","psg_id":"12405658"},{"title":"Banana (video game player)","text":"Banana (video game player) Wang Jiao (), known by his tag Banana, is a Chinese \"Dota 2\" coach and player for LGD Gaming. He was part of the Newbee eSports Club team that won what was then the single largest money prize in video game history, a 5,028,308 payout at The International 4 (TI4) at the KeyArena, in Seattle, Washington. Newbee defeated ViCi Gaming three game to one. \"e-Sports Earnings\" estimates that Banana has won a total of 1,192,049.89 individually from tournaments. As of April 14, 2015, after TI4 Wang \"Banana\" Jiao was the highest ranking player in terms of","psg_id":"18570782"},{"title":"Banana (video game player)","text":"prize money won across all competitive video games. Banana joined NewBee in March 2014. Banana (video game player) Wang Jiao (), known by his tag Banana, is a Chinese \"Dota 2\" coach and player for LGD Gaming. He was part of the Newbee eSports Club team that won what was then the single largest money prize in video game history, a 5,028,308 payout at The International 4 (TI4) at the KeyArena, in Seattle, Washington. Newbee defeated ViCi Gaming three game to one. \"e-Sports Earnings\" estimates that Banana has won a total of 1,192,049.89 individually from tournaments. As of April 14,","psg_id":"18570783"},{"title":"Banana slug","text":"alterations in food consumption, light exposure, and moisture levels. Color may also indicate whether a slug is healthy or injured or what age it is. The Pacific banana slug is the second-largest species of terrestrial slug in the world, growing up to long, and weights of . (The largest slug species is \"Limax cinereoniger\" of Europe, which can reach in length.) Banana slugs have an average lifespan of 1–7 years. Banana slugs (like other gastropods and many other mollusks) have a radula, a ribbon-like anatomical structure covered in rows of microscopic teeth; the radula is used for feeding. Individuals can","psg_id":"1682627"},{"title":"Banana","text":"especially in Dominica where this sort of cultivation is widespread, holdings are in the 1–2 acre range. In many cases the farmer earns additional money from other crops, from engaging in labor outside the farm, and from a share of the earnings of relatives living overseas. Banana crops are vulnerable to destruction by high winds, such as tropical storms or cyclones. All widely cultivated bananas today descend from the two wild bananas \"Musa acuminata\" and \"Musa balbisiana\". While the original wild bananas contained large seeds, diploid or polyploid cultivars (some being hybrids) with tiny seeds are preferred for human raw","psg_id":"506020"},{"title":"Banana production in Brazil","text":"Czech Republic. Apart from molecular genomics research, Embrapa also has a successful banana breeding program, generating disease-resistant varieties, such as the Pacovan Ken. Pacovan Ken, a banana breed resistant to yellow and black sigatoka and to Panama disease launched in November 2001 as a national crop plant in Brazil, is named after Embrapa scientist Kenneth Shepherd. Banana production in Brazil Banana production in Brazil accounts for approximately 10% of the entire world banana production, making Brazil a major banana-producing country in the world. Production has steadily increased over the years, rising from 5.4 million tonnes in 1997 to almost 7","psg_id":"12829798"},{"title":"Banana production in Belize","text":"sector. Five years later, banana production had almost tripled, and the cultivated area had increased to more than 2,400 hectares. The Banana Control Board was reorganized and retained the responsibility for marketing and research. In 1991 responsibility for the board was passed to the Banana Growers' Association. Britain was the almost exclusive importer of Belizean bananas. Marketing of exports was handled by Fyffes, an Irish subsidiary of the United States company, United Fruit. The special provisions of the Lomé Convention's Banana Protocol allowed Britain to guarantee artificially high prices for bananas to the beneficiaries of the protocol. These prices were","psg_id":"12405883"},{"title":"The Electric Banana","text":"punk rock soap opera; Savage Amused, Flak, 99 Cents, The Garden, White Wreckage, Moist, Real Enemy, The Feedback, The Throbbing Dogs (1995 House Band), AMS and Carsickness, all of which became regular acts at The Banana, and often \"hosted\" the national acts coming through. A mention is made to the Electric Banana in the song \"Pittsburgh\" by They Might Be Giants on their 2004 Venue Songs Album. The song concentrates on Mister Smalls theater in Millvale, but The Banana is mentioned in the lines: The Electric Banana was also known for its stylized yellow matchbook covers. The image of a","psg_id":"7362178"},{"title":"The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show","text":"Hillbilly Bears\" cartoon segments were later repeated during the second season of \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\" (1969–1970), and all 52 \"Atom Ant\" and \"Secret Squirrel\" half-hours were syndicated as part of \"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\", an umbrella title for a package combining episodes of several different Hanna-Barbera series (the other series included \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\", and \"The Adventures of Gulliver\"). The program contained six segments: The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show was an hour-long Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from 1965 to 1967","psg_id":"6100988"},{"title":"Banana production in Belize","text":"in a 2014 \"List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor\" published by the Bureau of International Labor Affairs. The U.S. Department of Labor added that \"important gaps remain in the country's legal framework on the worst forms of child labor [...] and the impact of many of the Government's development and education policies and programs on child labor remains unknown.\" Banana production in Belize Banana production in Belize accounted for 16 percent of total Belizean exports in 1999. Banana production was aided in the 1990s by privatization and market and production. Banana production in Belize fluctuates, falling","psg_id":"12405887"},{"title":"Banana production in Honduras","text":"to protect the supremacy of the banana companies operating in the country. The growth of banana production in Honduras soon saw the industry constituting some 88% of Honduran exports at its all-time peak, centering the economic activity of the country almost entirely on the Atlantic coast region, with the economic center at the coastal city of San Pedro Sula rather than Tegucigalpa. The Honduran banana industry employed a significant Garifuna workforce from the Bay Islands off Trujillo and in 1901 the government gave concessions for them to use over 7,000 hectares for banana cultivation. However in practice it was impossible","psg_id":"12405654"},{"title":"Gordon Splits","text":"through the splits, the photographs taken by Truchanas were destroyed in the 1967 Tasmanian fires. Southwell and others in the 1970s tended to free float on an inflatable water mattress through the splits to alleviate some of the issues arising from using fixed structure boats travelling through. Photographs by Truchanas, Les Southwell, and Dombrovskis show the steep narrow nature of the splits dramatically in their photographs. More recent aerial photographs can be found like Joe Shemesh's in the Huon Pine book of Kerr and McDermott. Geraldine Brooks wrote a piece in the \"National Times\" of 24–30 May 1981 which Peter","psg_id":"10878794"},{"title":"Gordon Splits","text":"they appear like pieces of a giant's unsolved jigsaw, crggy masses and voids of sparkling quartzite, frozen a few metres apart, never quite meshing in the first Split, the rock rises vertically for about 100 metres before it merges with the gentler mountainside\" Gordon Splits The Gordon Splits is a notable section of gorges of the Gordon River, located in South West Tasmania, Australia. The once impassable gorges are situated on the lower Gordon River in the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The splits has also been an important location of focus","psg_id":"10878796"},{"title":"Banana production in Belize","text":"owned company production to smaller-scale localised indigenous farming primarily targeted at the European market. The Banana trade began between British Honduras and New Orleans. Commerce was wiped out in the 1920s by an outbreak of the Panama disease. Plantations were destroyed again by hurricanes in 1975 and 1978. The subsequent takeover of banana cultivation by the Banana Control Board, a public enterprise, had the effect of further inhibiting production. By mid-1985, the Banana Control Board had accumulated debts of US$9 million. The government reacted to the plight of the board by selling the 880 hectares under cultivation to the private","psg_id":"12405882"},{"title":"Gordon Splits","text":"Thompson quoted in his \"Power in Tasmania\" as an evocative overview of the splits and their context. \"The Splits are a geological phenomenon. Six hundred million years ago, the powerful waters of the Gordon River wore a deep erosion slot through a rugged spine of quartzite. The river runs across the grain of the countryside, instead of following it. The result is rare and spectacular\". \"From the air, the Splits seem to grasp the Gordon River like giant rocky pincers, squeezing its wide flow into narrow strips of deep water about 100 metres long\". \"From the river bank below them,","psg_id":"10878795"},{"title":"The Adventures of Gulliver","text":"\"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\", the syndicated version of \"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\". Toys had been produced in Germany by Heimo. A Hanna-Barbera Production. Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. ©MCMLXVIII-MCMLXXI All rights reserved. The Adventures of Gulliver The Adventures of Gulliver is a 1968 television cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The show is based on the novel \"Gulliver's Travels\". The show aired Saturday mornings on ABC-TV and lasted for one season in its original broadcast. While on a boat trip with his father, Gary Gulliver and his dog Tagg end up shipwrecked on an island. On this island is the","psg_id":"4545010"},{"title":"Banana production in the United States","text":"In the 70's, a variety of bananas, including Ice Cream and Cavendish, were commonly grown throughout the Appalachian region, primarily throughout Tennessee, as well as in Kentucky along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers as well as in mountain areas of the eastern reaches of the state. Hawaii is by far the largest banana producer in the United States, followed by Florida. Banana plantation in Hawaii has followed a descending trend, from 13,181 mmt in 2000 to 8,090 mmt in 2010. Hawaii produces mainly the conventional Cavendish assortment and the Hawaiian apple banana, which are sold in the local markets due","psg_id":"18715224"},{"title":"Banana Wars","text":"hemisphere spanning both of the Roosevelt presidencies. The term was popularized through this writing which portrayed the United States as a police force that was sent to reconcile warring tropical countries, lawless societies and corrupt politicians, establishing a reign over tropical trade. The Banana Wars began with injustices, corruption, lawless societies and labor abuse in Latin America. Banana workers began what was comparable to a civil rights movement in the tropical fruit trade. Warring tropical countries stemmed from maltreatment and abusive working conditions gave rise to one of the earliest and most militant labor movements in early Latin America. When","psg_id":"7393151"},{"title":"Banana Wars","text":"high import duties on bananas were announced in 1913, consumer representatives together with the banana industry protested successfully. They claimed it was the most widely consumed fruit among the urban poor, thus contrasting it with the aristocratic traditions associated with the consumption of other tropical commodities such as tea,coffee, and chocolate.The discourse and corruption facing Latin American people and governments is what prompted the United States influence.The Spanish American War was the US first global conflict. U.S. motivations for these conflicts were largely economic and military. The term \"Banana Wars\" was coined much later to cast the motivations for these","psg_id":"7393152"},{"title":"History of modern banana plantations in the Americas","text":"economies of the countries in which they operated. Since banana exports came to dominate the overseas trade and most of the foreign exchange earnings of Central American countries, and the companies could use their financial clout as well as carefully established connections with local elites, they had great influence over politics in those areas, leading O. Henry, who lived in Honduras (which he called \"Anchuria\") in 1896-97 to coin the term banana republic for them. Company influence was buttressed both by their willingness to hire mercenaries as paramilitary forces and to involve the United States government in military interventions when","psg_id":"15533119"},{"title":"Banana","text":"large-scale cultivation in the next 10–20 years. Its predecessor 'Gros Michel', discovered in the 1820s, suffered this fate. Like almost all bananas, Cavendish lacks genetic diversity, which makes it vulnerable to diseases, threatening both commercial cultivation and small-scale subsistence farming. Some commentators remarked that those variants which could replace what much of the world considers a \"typical banana\" are so different that most people would not consider them the same fruit, and blame the decline of the banana on monogenetic cultivation driven by short-term commercial motives. Panama disease is caused by a fusarium soil fungus (Race 1), which enters the","psg_id":"506030"},{"title":"History of modern banana plantations in the Americas","text":"this zone. Racial discrimination policies that were widespread in the United States at the time were transported to Central America. The companies never used as much land as they acquired. They learned early that the plants were vulnerable to hurricanes, and to Panama disease, which first appeared in the 1910s in Panama, and completely destroyed banana growth very rapidly in areas where it had taken hold. As a result, they both acquired far more land than they needed to support banana cultivation, and they left these lands vacant as a reserve. Such policies in countries like Guatemala where landlessness was","psg_id":"15533122"},{"title":"Shire of Banana","text":"15 March 2008, under the \"Local Government (Reform Implementation) Act 2007\" passed by the Parliament of Queensland on 10 August 2007, the Shire of Banana absorbed the northern part of the neighbouring Shire of Taroom, including the town of Taroom itself (the southern part was amgalmated into the Dalby Region later renamed Western Downs Region). The council has 3 offices: The Shire of Banana includes the following settlements: Banana area: North Taroom area: – shared with the Western Downs Region Banana Shire Council operate libraries at Biloela, Moura, Taroom, and Theodore. The council operates a fortnightly mobile library service to","psg_id":"9243704"},{"title":"Sort Of","text":"\"Just a Conversation\"): The same master was also issued in Japan with an additional 3\" CD single: Sort Of Sort Of is the debut studio album by the avant-rock band Slapp Happy. It was recorded in Wümme, Germany in May and June 1972 with Faust as their backing band, and released on LP by Polydor Records in 1972. In 1980 Recommended Records released a limited edition of \"Sort Of\" on LP, and the album was reissued on CD by Blueprint Records in 1999 with one bonus track. All titles written by Peter Blegvad and Anthony Moore. \"Sort Of\" was released","psg_id":"8359672"},{"title":"Deep Banana Blackout","text":"Deep Banana Blackout Deep Banana Blackout (or DBB) is a New Orleans style Jazz-funk band from Fairfield County, Connecticut. Formed in the summer of 1995 when members of two bands (\"Tongue & Groove\" from Connecticut and \"Pack of Matches\" from Long Island, NY) joined forces in their spare time to run through old Funk & Soul standards. As the band members' chemistry became apparent, all other projects fell by the wayside so that they could focus on writing and arranging material for what had become Deep Banana Blackout. The band soon became a highly acclaimed musical force on the East","psg_id":"7557809"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"The Banana Splits The Banana Splits Adventure Hour was an hour-long, packaged television variety program featuring The Banana Splits, a fictional rock band composed of four funny animal characters. The costumed hosts of the show were Fleegle (guitar, vocals), Bingo (drums, vocals), Drooper (bass, vocals) and Snorky (keyboards, effects). The series was produced by Hanna-Barbera, and ran for 31 episodes on NBC Saturday mornings, from September 7, 1968, to September 5, 1970, and in syndication from 1971 to 1982. The costumes and sets were designed by Sid and Marty Krofft, and the series' sponsor was Kellogg's Cereals. The show featured\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675070\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"VHS. Warner Archive has yet to release the complete series on DVD. The Banana Splits The Banana Splits Adventure Hour was an hour-long, packaged television variety program featuring The Banana Splits, a fictional rock band composed of four funny animal characters. The costumed hosts of the show were Fleegle (guitar, vocals), Bingo (drums, vocals), Drooper (bass, vocals) and Snorky (keyboards, effects). The series was produced by Hanna-Barbera, and ran for 31 episodes on NBC Saturday mornings, from September 7, 1968, to September 5, 1970, and in syndication from 1971 to 1982. The costumes and sets were designed by Sid and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675087\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Michael Vincent) and Ronne Troup appeared in the live-action component \\\"Danger Island\\\". All the live-action material filmed for the series' first season, including the \\\"Banana Splits\\\" and \\\"Danger Island\\\" segments, was directed by Richard Donner. Each show represented a meeting of the \\\"Banana Splits Club\\\", and the wraparounds featured the adventures of the club members, who doubled as a musical quartet, meant to be reminiscent of The Monkees. The main characters were Fleegle, a beagle (possibly crossed with a flat-coated retriever); Bingo, an orange-furred gorilla (possibly half-orangutan); Drooper, a lion; and Snorky, called \\\"Snork\\\" in the theme song lyrics, an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675073\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Bumper Cars, Merry-Go-Rounds, and many other rides at Six Flags and Coney Island. The Sour Grapes Bunch is a group of human girl characters from the Banana Splits. One of the members of the club—Charley, usually played by Shirley Hillstrom—would bring a written note to the Splits. None of the Sour Grapes spoke in the entire series; however, they would also do a number with the Banana Splits. In the first-season episode on October 5, 1968, a song debuted entitled \\\"Doin' The Banana Split\\\", as all five girls appeared together with the Splits. Also featured were the \\\"Banana Buggies\\\" mentioned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675076\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"also spawned the \\\"Snap, Crackle, Pop\\\" jingle, among others. Adams and Barkan were music directors for the show. The song was released as a single, attributed to The Banana Splits, and peaked at number 96 on Billboard's Top 100 in February 1969. The version included on the \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" album is the same recording heard at the beginning of the show, while the single version is an entirely different arrangement and recording of the song, featuring an additional verse. The Banana Splits' bubblegum pop rock and roll was provided by studio professionals, including Joey Levine (\\\"I Enjoy Being\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675080\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"credits under his stage name Rick Lancelot. Lancelotti went on to record several songs with Frank Zappa. In 1968, The Banana Splits released an album on Decca Records titled \\\"We're the Banana Splits\\\". US punk rock act The Dickies covered the theme song in 1978, entitled \\\"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\\\". Their recording reached Number 7 in the UK charts and now appears as a bonus on the CD reissue of their 1979 album \\\"The Incredible Shrinking Dickies\\\". They still perform this cover live at almost every concert. It was also featured in the movie soundtrack of \\\"Kick-Ass\\\", during\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675082\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"books. Gold Key began publishing a comic version in 1969, releasing eight issues through 1971. Drawn by Jack Manning, these stories followed the musicians either trying to find work or on the road between gigs. The Banana Splits had a crossover with the Suicide Squad in \\\"Suicide Squad/Banana Splits\\\" #1 on March 29, 2017. On September 21, 2009, Warner Home Video released the complete first season on DVD in Region 2. The 6-disc set consists of 36 edited half-hour episodes of \\\"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\\\" as aired on Cartoon Network and Boomerang. The series was also released on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675086\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\",\n \"text\": \"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park is a 1972 live-action/animated television film made by Hanna-Barbera featuring the characters from \\\"The Banana Splits\\\" television series. Mixing live action sequences shot at Kings Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio with animation, the film follows the Banana Splits as they attempt to rescue a young girl who is kidnapped by a power-hungry witch. Like many animated Hanna-Barbera productions of the 1970s, \\\"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\\\" contained an inferior laugh track created by the studio. \\\"Hocus Pocus Park\\\" was first broadcast as an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12862649\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\",\n \"text\": \"episode on the weekly program \\\"The ABC Saturday Superstar Movie\\\" on November 25, 1972 and continued to air sporadically well into the 2000s, via cable networks Cartoon Network and Boomerang, both of which also aired reruns of its parent series. The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park is a 1972 live-action/animated television film made by Hanna-Barbera featuring the characters from \\\"The Banana Splits\\\" television series. Mixing live action sequences shot at Kings Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio with animation, the film follows the Banana Splits as they attempt to rescue a young\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12862650\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"The Lovin' End\\\"/\\\"Toy Piano Melody\\\"/\\\"In New Orleans\\\"/\\\"Two-Ton Tessie\\\"/\\\"Long Live Love\\\"/\\\"Don't Go Away—Go-Go Girl\\\"/\\\"It's A Good Day For A Parade\\\"/\\\"Pretty Painted Carousel\\\"/\\\"I Enjoy Being A Boy (In Love With You)\\\"/\\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\\\" (single version)/\\\"Looking For The Beagles\\\"/\\\"Sharing Wishes\\\"/\\\"I'd Join The Foreign Legion\\\"/\\\"What More Can I Do?\\\"/\\\"Be The Captain\\\"/\\\"Humpty Dumpty\\\"/\\\"Thanks To The Man On The Moon\\\"/\\\"I Wanna Capture You\\\"/\\\"Indian Love Dance\\\"/\\\"You Satisfy\\\"/\\\"That's The Pretty Part Of You\\\"/\\\"The Very First Kid On My Block\\\"/\\\"The Beautiful Calliopa\\\"/\\\"Let Me Remember You Smiling\\\"/\\\"Soul\\\" This was an unauthorized CD reissue of the complete Banana Splits discography, including the \\\"We're The Banana\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932570\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"the single version of \\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana),\\\" were not included on the \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" album. The single version of \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\" is an entirely different arrangement and recording of the song from the one on the \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" album and the TV show, and features an additional verse. Decca singles 32429 and 73256 were issued with picture sleeves; Decca 32391 was not—although foreign releases of the first single had picture sleeves. \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\" and \\\"Doin' The Banana Split\\\" are the same takes included on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932566\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"ten-year-old Hit-Girl's brutally violent fight scene. A cover of the show's theme song performed by Liz Phair with Material Issue (surprisingly appropriate as Liz Phair and three cast members of the Banana Splits attended New Trier High School) is included on the 1995 tribute album \\\"\\\", produced by Ralph Sall for MCA Records. Another rendition was performed by rock & roll comic C.C. Banana on the 2005 cartoon tribute album \\\"Complete Balanced Breakfast.\\\" A cover of \\\"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\\\" by pop-punk band Mr. T Experience was issued on the 1993 tribute album \\\"Banana Pad Riot\\\" and their \\\"Big\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675083\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Adam Had 'Em\\\" and \\\"The Show Must Go On\\\") but did not contribute vocals to Splits recordings. The music director was music publisher Aaron Schroeder who picked the songs created by his staff writers. The intended main theme song was to be the Ritchie Adams and Tony Powers song \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" but the television and advertising executives thought the \\\"Tra La La Song\\\", another Adams composition co-written with prolific songwriter and producer Mark Barkan, was a catchier theme. According to an interview in \\\"DISCoveries\\\" magazine, Adams and Barkan sang \\\"Wait Til Tomorrow,\\\" \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" and \\\"The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932559\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"both live action and animated segments, and was Hanna-Barbera's first foray into mixing live action with animation. In 1967, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera approached Sid Krofft and Marty Krofft to design costumes for a television show which would feature animated and live-action segments, with the whole show hosted by a bubblegum rock group of anthropomorphic characters. The format of the show was loosely based on \\\"Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In\\\". \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\" premiered on NBC on September 7, 1968. In his autobiography, Barbera said that the show was to be called \\\"The Banana Bunch\\\", but they could\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675071\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"copies was added on a small yellow sticker. Later pressings are a lighter shade of green and have a copyright notice printed directly in the lower left corner of the front cover. Counterfeit versions of the vinyl album appeared in the late 1990s. They carry a white promo Decca label, but have all other references to Decca Records removed, including the front cover logo. The songs also fade out slightly earlier than on the original album. \\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\\\" (album version)/\\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\"/\\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\"/\\\"This Spot\\\"/\\\"Doin' The Banana Split\\\"/\\\"Wait Til Tomorrow\\\"/\\\"You're\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932569\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"1989 release \\\"Big Black Bugs Bleed Blue Blood\\\" and as a hidden track on the \\\"Our Bodies Our Selves\\\" release also from 1993. \\\"Banana Pad Riot\\\" also featured recordings from punk bands The Vindictives (\\\"Two Ton Tessie\\\"), Boris The Sprinkler (\\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\"), and The Young Fresh Fellows (\\\"Doin' The Banana Split\\\"). Liz Phair and Material Issue recorded \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\" for the 1995 compilation album \\\"\\\". Their version was based on the Decca Records single version, with a different arrangement than the version used on the TV series, also including an otherwise unheard additional verse. Throughout\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932564\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"a Boy\\\", \\\"It's a Good Day for a Parade\\\"); Al Kooper (\\\"You're the Lovin' End\\\"); Barry White (\\\"Doin' the Banana Split\\\"); Gene Pitney (\\\"Two Ton Tessie\\\") and Jimmy Radcliffe, who provided his songs (\\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\", \\\"Soul\\\", \\\"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\\\", \\\"Adam Had 'Em\\\" and \\\"The Show Must Go On\\\") but did not contribute vocals to Splits recordings. The music director was music publisher Aaron Schroeder, while production duties were mainly handled by David Mook. When a heavier R&B vocal was needed, the music producers usually turned to singer Ricky Lancelotti, who was billed in the show\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675081\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"Tra La La Song\\\". David Mook produced all of the released tracks (co-producing the single sides \\\"Long Live Love\\\" and \\\"Pretty Painted Carousel\\\" with Aaron Schroeder), credited as \\\"A Past, Present, and Future Production by David Mook for Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc.\\\" (Mook also co-wrote the theme songs for Chuck Barris' \\\"The Dating Game\\\" and \\\"The Newlywed Game\\\".) Arranger Jack Eskew also orchestrated some of the Splits' tunes. Three singles, \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\", \\\"Wait Till Tomorrow\\\", and \\\"Long Live Love\\\" were released by the Splits along with an album, \\\"We're the Banana Splits\\\". Two 45RPM EP records with four\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932560\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"producer credits, the other being \\\"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\\\"; Edward Rosen served as producer on both series. They would not, however, assume the title full-time for another five years. This Hanna-Barbera series was also one of the first Saturday morning cartoon shows to utilize a laugh track. Hanna-Barbera produced \\\"The Banana Splits in Hocus Pocus Park\\\", a televised feature film, for ABC in 1972. In August 2008, Warner Bros. announced a multi-platform release featuring new comedy shorts and music videos; this debuted on Cartoon Network starting on September 2, 2008. The relaunch included a live show and a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675078\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"in the theme song. These were seen driven by each live-action character in the opening and closing segments, and occasionally in the wraparound and music video segments as well. The buggies were customized Amphicat six-wheel drive all-terrain vehicles each decorated to resemble the character who drove them. Plastic 1/25 scale model kits were issued by Aurora Plastics Corporation under catalog number 832, beginning in 1969. These were never reissued by Aurora, but have since been released as high-end, resin-based kits. \\\"The Banana Splits\\\" was one of the first two Hanna-Barbera series in 1968 in which Hanna and Barbera received executive\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675077\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"not get permission from the author of a children's book by that title. The Krofft brothers give credit to the success of the series for opening the door for their own entry into television, \\\"H.R. Pufnstuf\\\". NBC picked up the Krofft series, which was launched during an hour-long special hosted by \\\"The Banana Splits\\\" on August 30, 1969. The show's live-action segment \\\"Danger Island\\\", a cliffhanger serial, as well as the short-lived \\\"Micro Ventures\\\", a part-live action, part-animated series consisting of only four episodes, ran alongside the animated segments \\\"Arabian Knights\\\" and \\\"The Three Musketeers\\\". Actors Jan-Michael Vincent (billed as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675072\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"of the Sea\\\". An unusual claim is that the song may have inspired Bob Marley, with the striking similarity between the song's chorus and the bridge of the Bob Marley & The Wailers song \\\"Buffalo Soldier\\\". A story by BBC in 2010 examines the claim. New York-based alternative rock band They Might Be Giants have covered \\\"I Enjoy Being A Boy (In Love With You)\\\", released as part of their podcast. Cleveland-based garage rock band 45 Spider have covered \\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\" for the Underground Garage \\\"Coolest Song in the World\\\". The Banana Splits' adventures continued in comic\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675085\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"which entered the UK charts in 1979. The Bob Marley and the Wailers song \\\"Buffalo Soldier\\\", from the 1983 album \\\"Confrontation\\\", features a very similar melody to \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\" in its chorus. In 1988, \\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\" was covered by Girl Trouble for the \\\"Sub Pop 200\\\" compilation The Mr. T Experience recorded \\\"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\\\" for the 1993 Banana Splits Tribute album \\\"Banana Pad Riot\\\" on the Skull Duggery Label. Mr. T Experience also included \\\"Don't Go Away Go-Go Girl\\\", as a bonus track on their 1997 Lookout Records re-issue of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932563\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Black Bugs Bleed Blue Blood\\\" and \\\"Our Bodies Our Selves\\\" CD releases. The 1988 landmark release \\\"Sub Pop 200\\\" included a version of \\\"I'm Gonna Find a Cave\\\" retitled \\\"Gonna Find a Cave\\\" by the band Girl Trouble. \\\"Sub Pop 200\\\" featured recordings from many soon to be notable bands, Nirvana, Green River, Mudhoney, Soundgarden and others from Seattle's Grunge music explosion that followed. Chicago-based musician Ralph Covert, who records children's music under the group name Ralph's World, covered the theme song under the title \\\"The Banana Splits (The Tra La La Song)\\\" on his 2001 album \\\"At the Bottom\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675084\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"a cartoon segment that previously appeared on \\\"The Atom Ant Show\\\" (1965–1968). In reruns, episodes of \\\"The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show\\\", \\\"The Adventures of Gulliver\\\" and \\\"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\\\" were aired on the show. For the first season, some of the live-action segments—specifically those used during the musical segments—were shot at Six Flags Over Texas, an amusement park located in Arlington, Texas. For the second season, filming took place at the Coney Island amusement park in Cincinnati, Ohio. In many episodes, the Banana Splits would be seen riding on the Runaway Mine Train roller coasters, Log Flumes,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675075\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"recently, an unauthorized vinyl pressing was issued in 2007 by Ripped Couch Records in the UK. This pressing has a different track listing from the original album, consisting of the first 16 tracks on the Hollywood Library bootleg CD (one track from the original album, \\\"Soul\\\" written by noted soul singer songwriter Jimmy Radcliffe, is missing from this version despite its being listed on the front cover). The audio was sourced from the Hollywood Library CD. The Californian punk band The Dickies released a sped-up version of \\\"The Tra La La Song\\\" as the \\\"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932562\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"the \\\"We're The Banana Splits\\\" album. However, as released here, they are presented in \\\"twin-track\\\" stereo mixes, with vocals in one channel and instruments in the other, not unlike some of the early Beatles stereo mixes. The stereo mixes of the other six songs are similar, but mixed less widely with both vocals and instruments closer to the center. These records were sold together as a Kellogg's cereal box offer, and were released through Hanna-Barbera's premium division. They came in a mailer including unique outer artwork, showing Fleegle holding the two discs. Both were issued in art sleeves featuring drawings\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932567\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Splits\",\n \"text\": \"website, as well as a CD and a DVD featuring 13 new songs, released by Universal Records. In addition, a child-themed area named Banana Splitsville was placed at Myrtle Beach, South Carolina's Hard Rock Park rock-and-roll theme park, which later became Freestyle Music Park before closing permanently in 2009. The show's theme song, titled \\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\\\", was credited as being written by Ritchie Adams and Mark Barkan, but that was merely contractual. In fact it was written by N.B. Winkless, Jr. on the slightly out-of-tune upright piano in his living room—a piano that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1675079\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\",\n \"text\": \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana) \\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\\\" is a 1968 pop song, which was the theme song for the children’s television program \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\". Originally released by Decca Records on the album titled \\\"We're the Banana Splits\\\", the single release peaked at #96 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 on February 8, 1969. The writing of the song is credited to Mark Barkan and Ritchie Adams, who were the show's music directors. However, there are claims that the theme was written by jingle writer N. B. Winkless,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12915006\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\",\n \"text\": \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana) \\\"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\\\" is a 1968 pop song, which was the theme song for the children’s television program \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\". Originally released by Decca Records on the album titled \\\"We're the Banana Splits\\\", the single release peaked at #96 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 on February 8, 1969. The writing of the song is credited to Mark Barkan and Ritchie Adams, who were the show's music directors. However, there are claims that the theme was written by jingle writer N. B. Winkless,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12915004\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits Max Bemis and the Painful Splits is a side project created by Say Anything's lead singer Max Bemis in September 2010. He has recorded six albums, titled \\\"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\\\", \\\"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits 2\\\", \\\"The Painful Splits Destroy\\\", \\\"The Painful Splits Are Multiplying\\\", \\\"Max Bemis and The Painful Splits Stripped Down\\\", and \\\"The Painful Splits Wins\\\", respectively. Bemis himself denied that this was an official \\\"solo project\\\", called it a \\\"low-key sort of release\\\", and expected the first CD to be the first of a series of such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15498358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Tra La La Song (One Banana, Two Banana)\",\n \"text\": \"Jr. of the Leo Burnett Agency but was credited to Adams and Barkan for contractual reasons. In 1995, Hollywood Library released the 1,000-copy limited-edition CD reissue \\\"We're the Banana Splits/Here Come the Beagles\\\" which, in addition to the original album version, includes an alternate version on the song. American punk rock band The Dickies made the song a hit in the United Kingdom in 1979 with their cover version, marketed by A&M Records as \\\"Banana Splits (Tra La La Song)\\\". The record reached #7 in the UK Singles Chart. This cover version was later used in the 2010 film \\\"Kick-Ass\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12915005\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\",\n \"text\": \"projects under varying band names. Max Bemis and the Painful Splits Max Bemis and the Painful Splits is a side project created by Say Anything's lead singer Max Bemis in September 2010. He has recorded six albums, titled \\\"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits\\\", \\\"Max Bemis and the Painful Splits 2\\\", \\\"The Painful Splits Destroy\\\", \\\"The Painful Splits Are Multiplying\\\", \\\"Max Bemis and The Painful Splits Stripped Down\\\", and \\\"The Painful Splits Wins\\\", respectively. Bemis himself denied that this was an official \\\"solo project\\\", called it a \\\"low-key sort of release\\\", and expected the first CD to be the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15498359\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Animal Kwackers\",\n \"text\": \"Animal Kwackers Animal Kwackers was a popular children's television series produced by Yorkshire Television and broadcast on Britain's ITV in the 1970s. The Animal Kwackers were a four-piece pop band consisting of Rory, a lion; Twang, a monkey; Bongo, a dog; and Boots, a tiger. The characters were played by actors in costumes. The show was similar in many ways to the successful United States of America (US) series, \\\"Banana Splits\\\". The music was a mixture of well-known pop songs and original songs - most of which (including the theme song) were written by Roy Apps and the producer Peter\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4993485\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Animal Kwackers\",\n \"text\": \"released on DVD on 16 April 2012. Animal Kwackers Animal Kwackers was a popular children's television series produced by Yorkshire Television and broadcast on Britain's ITV in the 1970s. The Animal Kwackers were a four-piece pop band consisting of Rory, a lion; Twang, a monkey; Bongo, a dog; and Boots, a tiger. The characters were played by actors in costumes. The show was similar in many ways to the successful United States of America (US) series, \\\"Banana Splits\\\". The music was a mixture of well-known pop songs and original songs - most of which (including the theme song) were written\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4993487\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"songs each were available via an offer on the back of Kellogg's cereal boxes. Two of the three singles as well as both EPs were issued with picture sleeves. A bootleg recording of all the released Splits recordings was made and released on CD in 1995 on the Hollywood Library label (this CD was mastered from vinyl sources at a slightly increased speed, with excessive noise-reduction, resulting in a noticeable echo effect, especially at the ends of the songs). One song, \\\"Wait Til Tomorrow\\\", later appeared on a various artists bubblegum hits CD, sourced from the Hollywood Library bootleg. Most\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932561\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of peasant banana production in the Americas\",\n \"text\": \"History of peasant banana production in the Americas While the production of bananas for export is largely in the hands of large commercial companies, such as Chiquita or Dole, the Caribbean, and particularly the Windward Islands, are notable for the production of bananas by small holders for export. They focus their attention on the popular Cavendish banana as these are the fruit of choice on markets in Europe. In the Caribbean, and especially in Dominica where this sort of cultivation is widespread, holdings are in the 1-2 acre range. In many cases the farmer earns additional money from other crops,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15574870\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Splits discography\",\n \"text\": \"of the characters; advertisements promoting these discs on the back of contemporary Kellogg's cereal boxes showed slightly different artwork, and had a copyright date of 1968, even though those 45rpm Extended Play records were released in 1969. In the prototype artwork for the second disc used in the cereal box ad, it is more clear that the Banana Buggy is driving atop the surface of a 45 RPM record. All songs on the album are true stereo mixes. There are two minor cover variations. The earliest pressings had a darker green color and had no copyright notice, which on some\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9932568\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Latundan banana\",\n \"text\": \"Latundan banana Latundan bananas (also called Tundan, silk bananas, Pisang raja sereh, Manzana bananas or apple bananas), are triploid hybrid banana cultivars from the Philippines. It is one of the most common banana cultivars in Southeast Asia and the Philippines, along with the Lacatan and Saba bananas. Latundan banana plants typically reach a height of 10 to 13 feet. They require full or partial sun exposure. The flowers are yellow, purple, or ivory in color. The fruits are round-tipped with thin yellow skin that splits once fully ripe. They are smaller than the Lacatan cultivar and the commercially dominant Cavendish\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15230984\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Merge sort\",\n \"text\": \"Merge sort In computer science, merge sort (also commonly spelled mergesort) is an efficient, general-purpose, comparison-based sorting algorithm. Most implementations produce a stable sort, which means that the order of equal elements is the same in the input and output. Merge sort is a divide and conquer algorithm that was invented by John von Neumann in 1945. A detailed description and analysis of bottom-up mergesort appeared in a report by Goldstine and von Neumann as early as 1948. Conceptually, a merge sort works as follows: Example C-like code using indices for top-down merge sort algorithm that recursively splits the list\",\n \"psg_id\": \"267263\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Polyphase merge sort\",\n \"text\": \"Polyphase merge sort A polyphase merge sort is a variation of bottom up Merge sort that sorts a list using an initial uneven distribution of sub-lists (runs), primarily used for external sorting, and is more efficient than an ordinary merge sort when there are less than 8 external working files (such as a tape drive or a file on a hard drive). A polyphase merge sort is not a stable sort. A merge sort splits the records of a dataset into sorted runs of records and then repeatedly merges sorted runs into larger sorted runs until only one run, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11982363\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana flour\",\n \"text\": \"as animal feed in various parts of the world. In particular, it is used as an ingredient in milk replacers for calves. Dynasty Banana Flour Manufacturing and Trading in the Philippines and Taj Agro Products in India export banana flour worldwide for use in livestock feeds (where it acts as a coagulant) and for use in glue production, mainly plywood glue. Academic and institutional researchers in a number of countries have been conducting studies on the effects of banana flour on human health. Interests been strong in banana flour recently, because of its high resistant starch content. Banana flour also\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18327033\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana slug\",\n \"text\": \"Banana slug Banana slugs are North American terrestrial slug comprising the genus Ariolimax. These slugs are often yellow in color and are sometimes spotted with brown, like a ripe (or overripe) banana which is the source of their common name, although they can come in other colours. Species within the genus \\\"Ariolimax\\\" include: Banana slugs are often bright yellow (giving rise to the banana nomenclature) although they may also be greenish, brown, tan, or white. The species \\\"Ariolimax columbianus\\\" sometimes has black spots that are so extensive that the animal looks almost entirely black. Individual slugs will change colors with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1682626\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Ecuador\",\n \"text\": \"member of the Union of Banana Exporting Countries in an attempt to bargain for better prices. The UEB proposal of an export tax did not succeed in Ecuador, however. In 1975 the UEB collapsed after what became known as \\\"bananagate\\\", bribery of the banana trade monopoly consisting of the three US companies (United Fruit, Standard Fruit, and the Del Monte Corporation). Eventually, the \\\"Black sigatoka\\\", a banana disease destroying much of banana production in Central American countries and Colombia, as well as a levy of export tax, and political unrest in Central America, came to Ecuador's advantage. the Standard Fruit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17353341\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana wine\",\n \"text\": \"Banana wine Banana wine is a fruit wine made exclusively from bananas. It is different from banana beer, which has a long tradition and great cultural significance in East Africa. Blocker et al. (2001) wrote a chapter on \\\"Banana Wine\\\" in the book \\\"Alcohol and temperance in modern history: an international encyclopedia\\\", though this is slightly confusing, as they define what is traditionally referred to as banana beer as being banana wine. The data they present on \\\"Production Techniques\\\" and \\\"Social Practices and Rituals\\\" relates to the latter and not to what is commonly known as banana wine. In Tanzania,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15023419\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana\",\n \"text\": \"interests. The vast majority of the world's bananas today are cultivated for family consumption or for sale on local markets. India is the world leader in this sort of production, but many other Asian and African countries where climate and soil conditions allow cultivation also host large populations of banana growers who sell at least some of their crop. Peasant sector banana growers produce for the world market in the Caribbean, however. The Windward Islands are notable for the growing, largely of Cavendish bananas, for an international market, generally in Europe but also in North America. In the Caribbean, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506019\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana flour\",\n \"text\": \"an excellent and useful source of resistant starch. Resistant starch refers starch that resists digestion - it is not broken down in the small intestine, but reaches the large intestine, where it functions as a fermentable dietary fiber. Banana flour may have a high resistant starch content (>60%) or it may have a low resistant starch content (<10%), depending upon the drying procedures of the specific ingredient. Banana flour is often used raw, for example as an ingredient in smoothies or nutrition bars, because cooking may reduce the resistant starch content. Animal feed and glue manufacturing Banana flour is used\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18327032\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Union of Banana Exporting Countries\",\n \"text\": \"Union of Banana Exporting Countries The Union of Banana Exporting Countries ( or UPEB) was a cartel of Central and South American banana exporting countries established in 1974, inspired by OPEC. Its aim was to achieve better remuneration from the North American banana trade oligopoly, which consisted of three US companies. UPEB's proposal of an export tax was undermined by the U.S. oligopoly bribing Honduran and Italian officials. The UPEB cartel collapsed when bribes became public. What is referred to as the Bananagate scandal paved the way for the U.S. Congress to create the 1977 Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. In\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8967720\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana (slur)\",\n \"text\": \"traditional Chinese culture. Ted: You've become what is known as a \\\"banana\\\".<br> Kahn\\\":\\\"Banana\\\"?<br> Ted: Consider the properties of a banana, Kahn.<br> Its skin is yellow, but its insides are white. \\\"She thinks you’re some kind of unrefined banana—yellow on the outside, white on the inside.\\\" <br> Goh Peik Lin (Awkwafina) telling Rachel Chu (Constance Wu) that she is a banana Banana (slur) Banana is a term for an Asian person living in a Western country (e.g., an Asian American) who has lost touch with the cultural identity of his or her parents. The term is derived from the fruit banana,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18834552\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\",\n \"text\": \"repackaged into syndication as part of \\\"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\\\". Although originally airing in an hour-long format as a Saturday morning show called \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\", subsequent incarnations were re-edited and sold into syndication as half-hour episodes which included several series not originally part of the original show. As part of \\\"The Banana Splits\\\", \\\"The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\\\" enjoyed new life, becoming well known to subsequent generations for the next four decades. The show opened and closed with a catchy theme song, using banjo accompaniment to give it a Southern flavor: We got the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10933627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cache-oblivious distribution sort\",\n \"text\": \"subroutine copy_elems. In this base case, all elements from subarray i that belong to bucket j are added at once. If this leads to bucket j having too many elements, it splits the bucket with the procedure described beforehand. Cache-oblivious distribution sort The cache-oblivious distribution sort is a comparison-based sorting algorithm. It is similar to quicksort, but it is a cache-oblivious algorithm, designed for a setting where the number of elements to sort is too large to fit in a cache where operations are done. In the external memory model, the number of memory transfers it needs to perform a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18054976\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"the far southern Midwest and along the Ohio river, Kentucky, and Virginia,) containing a climate similar to that of the banana growing region of inland south-central and eastern China (Sichuan, Anhui, Zhejiang, Hubei, Jiangsu, Henan, Jiangxi, Hunan, Chongqing, and Guizhou provinces,) banana cultivation is more seasonal. If independent cultivation was counted towards a nations total of banana production, its estimated that the United States would rank at about the 4th or 5th country for banana production in the world. Bananas are also grown commercially in Puerto Rico, Guam, and American Samoa. Banana#Modern cultivation Banana production in the United States Commercial\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715227\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana wine\",\n \"text\": \"wine production to other countries where the crop is prevalent. The Philippines government has sought to expand a local banana wine industry, while India has produced both award-winning banana wines and research into expanding production. Banana wine Banana wine is a fruit wine made exclusively from bananas. It is different from banana beer, which has a long tradition and great cultural significance in East Africa. Blocker et al. (2001) wrote a chapter on \\\"Banana Wine\\\" in the book \\\"Alcohol and temperance in modern history: an international encyclopedia\\\", though this is slightly confusing, as they define what is traditionally referred to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15023422\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Collection of Splits 2002–2004\",\n \"text\": \"making it readily available again. Collection of Splits 2002–2004 Collection of Splits 2002–2004 is a compilation album by Canadian grindcore band Fuck the Facts. It was released in the spring of 2006 on Great White North Records. The compilation contains all of the tracks (minus live and bonus tracks) from the splits released between \\\"Backstabber Ettiquette\\\" and \\\"Legacy of Hopelessness\\\". It was also packed with enhanced MP3 tracks from some of the earlier splits and other oddities. Topon Das had expressed an interest in releasing a compilation after he realized that many fans were unable to acquire the actual splits,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12299254\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Collection of Splits 2002–2004\",\n \"text\": \"Collection of Splits 2002–2004 Collection of Splits 2002–2004 is a compilation album by Canadian grindcore band Fuck the Facts. It was released in the spring of 2006 on Great White North Records. The compilation contains all of the tracks (minus live and bonus tracks) from the splits released between \\\"Backstabber Ettiquette\\\" and \\\"Legacy of Hopelessness\\\". It was also packed with enhanced MP3 tracks from some of the earlier splits and other oddities. Topon Das had expressed an interest in releasing a compilation after he realized that many fans were unable to acquire the actual splits, due to their limited pressings\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12299252\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"Banana production in the United States Commercial banana production in the United States is relatively limited in scale and economic impact. While Americans eat of bananas per person per year, the vast majority of the fruit is imported from other countries, chiefly Central and South America, where the US has previously occupied areas containing banana plantations, and controlled the importation of bananas via various fruit companies, such as Dole and Chiquita. The first commercial banana farm in the United States was established in Florida, near Silver Lake, in 1876. A number of independent banana farms and cultivars have been located\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Ecuador\",\n \"text\": \"decade of the 1990s. In 1998, there were 4,941 banana planters employing a workforce of 98,000. In 1999 Dole established a new loading terminal at Bananapuerto in 1999. In 2003 the Food and Agriculture Organization reported that the country's banana workers received lower wages than banana workers in all other Latin American banana-exporting nations. A study conducted three years earlier stated that the country's banana worker's average monthly wage was US$56. In 2012, Ecuador reported losses of $600 million due to the Black sigatoka fungus, with 40% (85,000 hectares) of the country's banana plantations affected by it. Production of banana\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17353343\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana slug\",\n \"text\": \"and gullies. This population is probably also a relic from the Pleistocene epoch. Banana slugs are detritivores, or decomposers. They process leaves, animal droppings, moss, and dead plant material, and then recycle them into soil humus. They seem to have a fondness for mushrooms, spread seeds and spores when they eat, and excrete a nitrogen rich fertilizer. By consuming detritus (dead organic matter) slugs contribute to decomposition and the nutrient cycles and are an important aspect of the ecosystem. Raccoons, garter snakes, ducks, geese and salamanders sometimes eat banana slugs; they roll the slugs in soil to bind the slime.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1682633\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"to high employment and land expenses. The chief US banana exporter is Florida, which produces mostly Thai and cooking bananas (Bluggoe type). In addition, US banana producers are looking for opportunities in the organic and specialty segments of the banana market in Florida, Texas, California, Mississippi, Alabama, South Carolina, and Georgia. Banana cultivation in Florida has been about 500 acres, valued at roughly 2 million US $. Other states that remain popular locations for independent banana farming, which usually only export on a highly domestic level, are Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, Arkansas, Texas, Oklahoma, Alabama, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Arizona,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Belize\",\n \"text\": \"Banana production in Belize Banana production in Belize accounted for 16 percent of total Belizean exports in 1999. Banana production was aided in the 1990s by privatization and market and production. Banana production in Belize fluctuates, falling from 68,000 tons in 1994 to 45,000 tons in 1995 before rising back to 78,000 tons in 1999. Banana production in Belize began in the late nineteenth century when it was a British colony, when American and British investors established the first plantations. Over the last 70 years, the pattern of banana production has gradually shifted away from large scale American and British\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405881\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana flour\",\n \"text\": \"particular, Maribel Ovando-Martinez led a group of researchers from Mexico and Spain did a study to find what effect the addition of banana flour to pasta would have on pasta’s resistant starch content. Their results showed that such an addition to a normal pasta recipe, even with cooking loss, appreciably increased the resistant starch content of the pasta. Other researchers did similar tests adding banana flour to bread and also found banana flour increased the total resistant starch content of the final product. Researchers have also conducted tests on the effects banana flour has on taste and general palatability. Researchers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18327035\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shire of Banana\",\n \"text\": \"November 1879 as one of 74 divisions around Queensland under the \\\"Divisional Boards Act 1879\\\" with a population of 2155. The name \\\"Banana\\\" does not relate to the fruit, but rather the area was named after a dun-coloured bullock called \\\"Banana\\\". On 20 April 1881 part of Banana Division was separated to create Duaringa Division. With the passage of the \\\"Local Authorities Act 1902\\\", Banana Division became Shire on Banana on 31 March 1903. The shire's administrative centre was in Banana until 1930, when the building was physically relocated to Rannes. In 1946, the shire headquarters moved to Biloela. On\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9243703\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Brazil\",\n \"text\": \"Banana production in Brazil Banana production in Brazil accounts for approximately 10% of the entire world banana production, making Brazil a major banana-producing country in the world. Production has steadily increased over the years, rising from 5.4 million tonnes in 1997 to almost 7 million tonnes in 2007. In 2000, Brazil was fourth, behind India, Uganda and Ecuador, in banana production. By 2006, Brazil became the second largest banana-producer, behind only India, followed by China, Ecuador and the Philippines. Most of the bananas produced are consumed domestically. Gross exports has increased from 12.5 thousand tonnes in 1995 to more than\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12829794\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the Caribbean\",\n \"text\": \"employment for about 10,000 workers. In St.Vincent, there are about 5,000 banana growers. The small size of farms makes for inefficient production and contributes to a low standard of living. In Dominica, 8% of the fruit is supplied by 51% of the banana farming population, medium growers supply 41% and over 51% is supplied by large land holders. In the Windward group generally, the majority of the farming population owns less than a third of the banana acreage. In Grenada, there are a large number of peasant plots given to intercrop cultivation with bananas. In St. Vincent, the pattern is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11730672\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the Caribbean\",\n \"text\": \"is exported there is a high incidence of ship-ripe fruit which arrive at their destination in poor condition. Panama disease (Fusarium oxysporum) is caused by tiny worms which feed on the roots of the plants, block the water vessels and reduce production. Production is also affected by pests which scar the banana peel. The placing of sleeves over the bunches and the removal of the buds are two controlling measures. Banana production in the Caribbean Banana production in the Caribbean is widespread. Bananas are cultivated by both small farmers and large land holders. The plant is perennial and is planted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11730675\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo\",\n \"text\": \"century, largely as part of the slave trade. Henry Morton Stanley arrived at Banana in 1879 at the start of an exploratory expedition funded by Léopold II of Belgium. Following the Conference of Berlin (1884–85) the European powers recognized Léopold's claim to the Congo basin, and in a ceremony at Banana in 1885 the king announced the establishment of the Congo Free State, headed by himself, beginning the period of European colonization. Banana was the main Belgian naval base of the Congo until independence in 1960. Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo Banana is a small seaport in the Bas-Congo\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2839186\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Panama\",\n \"text\": \"tax on bananas. Panama threatened to take over United Brands' plantations. An agreement was reached in 1976 to tax banana exports. In that year, the tax provided the government with US$10 million, nearly 4 percent of all revenues. In addition, United Brands sold all of land that it owned in Panama to the government; payment was in tax credits. The government leased back to United Brands over for banana production and export operations. Part of the excess land went to the government's newly established banana companies. Banana production in Panama Banana production in Panama has traditionally played an important role\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12406042\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Radix sort\",\n \"text\": \"the keys. In the top level of recursion, opportunity for parallelism is in the counting sort portion of the algorithm. Counting is highly parallel, amenable to the parallel_reduce pattern, and splits the work well across multiple cores until reaching memory bandwidth limit. This portion of the algorithm has data-independent parallelism. Processing each bin in subsequent recursion levels is data-dependent, however. For example, if all keys were of the same value, then there would be only a single bin with any elements in it, and no parallelism would be available. For random inputs all bins would be near equally populated and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"351753\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Banana Man\",\n \"text\": \"Betty Grable. Sam Levine (May 15, 1881–November 13, 1974) bought Proper's original props and gimmicks from Proper's estate, and performed as The Banana Man on \\\"Captain Kangaroo\\\" and \\\"The Ed Sullivan Show\\\". \\\"Allan Jones\\\" of Cleveland, TN purchased the entire Banana Man props and gimmicks sometime in the early 2000's. The Banana Man The Banana Man was a vaudeville character created by Adolf Proper (November 27, 1886–December 17, 1950) who worked under the stage name \\\"A. Robins\\\". The Banana Man (BZ) act consisted of Proper, dressed as a clownish character in a baggy tuxedo, producing an amazing and apparently impossible\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9700259\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gordon Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Gordon Splits The Gordon Splits is a notable section of gorges of the Gordon River, located in South West Tasmania, Australia. The once impassable gorges are situated on the lower Gordon River in the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The splits has also been an important location of focus within the larger environmental campaign for wilderness preservation in South West Tasmania. The earlier works of Charles Whitham and others suggested that the river went underground at some point. It was not until in 1928 that three piners (J.Hadmar Sticht, G.W. Harrison and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10878792\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Honduras\",\n \"text\": \"Banana production in Honduras Banana production in Honduras plays an important role in the economy of Honduras. In 1992, the revenue generated from banana sales amounted to US$287 million and along with the coffee industry accounted for some 50% of exports. Honduras produced 861,000 tons of bananas in 1999. The two corporations, Chiquita Brands International and the Dole Food Company are responsible for most Honduran banana production and exports. Honduras began exporting bananas in the late nineteenth century, and the trade grew rapidly. Initially, in the 1870s most banana production was confined to the Bay Islands, serious production did not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405646\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shire of Banana\",\n \"text\": \"Shire of Banana The Shire of Banana is a local government area located in the Capricorn region of Queensland, Australia, inland from the regional city of Gladstone. The shire was named after the first township in the region (Banana), which in turn was named for the burial site of a huge dun coloured bullock named 'Banana'. The council sits in the town of Biloela, which is the largest town in the Shire. Major industries in the shire include coal mining, beef production, power generation, dryland cropping and irrigation cropping such as lucerne and cotton. Banana Division was created on 11\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9243702\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Honduras\",\n \"text\": \"that global banana production was under threat by disease and may be wiped out within ten years if preventative measures are not taken to protect against it. Scientists from the banana industry in Honduras responded to the potential crisis by implementing new large-scale breeding schemes in a new FHIA variety. This FHIA banana crop is resistant to major diseases and pests, but is also highly productive and efficient. The scheme in Honduras is financed by the multinational United Brands. Banana production in Honduras Banana production in Honduras plays an important role in the economy of Honduras. In 1992, the revenue\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405658\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana (video game player)\",\n \"text\": \"Banana (video game player) Wang Jiao (), known by his tag Banana, is a Chinese \\\"Dota 2\\\" coach and player for LGD Gaming. He was part of the Newbee eSports Club team that won what was then the single largest money prize in video game history, a 5,028,308 payout at The International 4 (TI4) at the KeyArena, in Seattle, Washington. Newbee defeated ViCi Gaming three game to one. \\\"e-Sports Earnings\\\" estimates that Banana has won a total of 1,192,049.89 individually from tournaments. As of April 14, 2015, after TI4 Wang \\\"Banana\\\" Jiao was the highest ranking player in terms of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18570782\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana (video game player)\",\n \"text\": \"prize money won across all competitive video games. Banana joined NewBee in March 2014. Banana (video game player) Wang Jiao (), known by his tag Banana, is a Chinese \\\"Dota 2\\\" coach and player for LGD Gaming. He was part of the Newbee eSports Club team that won what was then the single largest money prize in video game history, a 5,028,308 payout at The International 4 (TI4) at the KeyArena, in Seattle, Washington. Newbee defeated ViCi Gaming three game to one. \\\"e-Sports Earnings\\\" estimates that Banana has won a total of 1,192,049.89 individually from tournaments. As of April 14,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18570783\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana slug\",\n \"text\": \"alterations in food consumption, light exposure, and moisture levels. Color may also indicate whether a slug is healthy or injured or what age it is. The Pacific banana slug is the second-largest species of terrestrial slug in the world, growing up to long, and weights of . (The largest slug species is \\\"Limax cinereoniger\\\" of Europe, which can reach in length.) Banana slugs have an average lifespan of 1–7 years. Banana slugs (like other gastropods and many other mollusks) have a radula, a ribbon-like anatomical structure covered in rows of microscopic teeth; the radula is used for feeding. Individuals can\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1682627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana\",\n \"text\": \"especially in Dominica where this sort of cultivation is widespread, holdings are in the 1–2 acre range. In many cases the farmer earns additional money from other crops, from engaging in labor outside the farm, and from a share of the earnings of relatives living overseas. Banana crops are vulnerable to destruction by high winds, such as tropical storms or cyclones. All widely cultivated bananas today descend from the two wild bananas \\\"Musa acuminata\\\" and \\\"Musa balbisiana\\\". While the original wild bananas contained large seeds, diploid or polyploid cultivars (some being hybrids) with tiny seeds are preferred for human raw\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506020\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Brazil\",\n \"text\": \"Czech Republic. Apart from molecular genomics research, Embrapa also has a successful banana breeding program, generating disease-resistant varieties, such as the Pacovan Ken. Pacovan Ken, a banana breed resistant to yellow and black sigatoka and to Panama disease launched in November 2001 as a national crop plant in Brazil, is named after Embrapa scientist Kenneth Shepherd. Banana production in Brazil Banana production in Brazil accounts for approximately 10% of the entire world banana production, making Brazil a major banana-producing country in the world. Production has steadily increased over the years, rising from 5.4 million tonnes in 1997 to almost 7\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12829798\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Belize\",\n \"text\": \"sector. Five years later, banana production had almost tripled, and the cultivated area had increased to more than 2,400 hectares. The Banana Control Board was reorganized and retained the responsibility for marketing and research. In 1991 responsibility for the board was passed to the Banana Growers' Association. Britain was the almost exclusive importer of Belizean bananas. Marketing of exports was handled by Fyffes, an Irish subsidiary of the United States company, United Fruit. The special provisions of the Lomé Convention's Banana Protocol allowed Britain to guarantee artificially high prices for bananas to the beneficiaries of the protocol. These prices were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405883\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Electric Banana\",\n \"text\": \"punk rock soap opera; Savage Amused, Flak, 99 Cents, The Garden, White Wreckage, Moist, Real Enemy, The Feedback, The Throbbing Dogs (1995 House Band), AMS and Carsickness, all of which became regular acts at The Banana, and often \\\"hosted\\\" the national acts coming through. A mention is made to the Electric Banana in the song \\\"Pittsburgh\\\" by They Might Be Giants on their 2004 Venue Songs Album. The song concentrates on Mister Smalls theater in Millvale, but The Banana is mentioned in the lines: The Electric Banana was also known for its stylized yellow matchbook covers. The image of a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7362178\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show\",\n \"text\": \"Hillbilly Bears\\\" cartoon segments were later repeated during the second season of \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\" (1969–1970), and all 52 \\\"Atom Ant\\\" and \\\"Secret Squirrel\\\" half-hours were syndicated as part of \\\"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\\\", an umbrella title for a package combining episodes of several different Hanna-Barbera series (the other series included \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour, The New Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\\\", and \\\"The Adventures of Gulliver\\\"). The program contained six segments: The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show The Atom Ant/Secret Squirrel Show was an hour-long Saturday morning cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from 1965 to 1967\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6100988\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Belize\",\n \"text\": \"in a 2014 \\\"List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor\\\" published by the Bureau of International Labor Affairs. The U.S. Department of Labor added that \\\"important gaps remain in the country's legal framework on the worst forms of child labor [...] and the impact of many of the Government's development and education policies and programs on child labor remains unknown.\\\" Banana production in Belize Banana production in Belize accounted for 16 percent of total Belizean exports in 1999. Banana production was aided in the 1990s by privatization and market and production. Banana production in Belize fluctuates, falling\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405887\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Honduras\",\n \"text\": \"to protect the supremacy of the banana companies operating in the country. The growth of banana production in Honduras soon saw the industry constituting some 88% of Honduran exports at its all-time peak, centering the economic activity of the country almost entirely on the Atlantic coast region, with the economic center at the coastal city of San Pedro Sula rather than Tegucigalpa. The Honduran banana industry employed a significant Garifuna workforce from the Bay Islands off Trujillo and in 1901 the government gave concessions for them to use over 7,000 hectares for banana cultivation. However in practice it was impossible\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405654\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gordon Splits\",\n \"text\": \"through the splits, the photographs taken by Truchanas were destroyed in the 1967 Tasmanian fires. Southwell and others in the 1970s tended to free float on an inflatable water mattress through the splits to alleviate some of the issues arising from using fixed structure boats travelling through. Photographs by Truchanas, Les Southwell, and Dombrovskis show the steep narrow nature of the splits dramatically in their photographs. More recent aerial photographs can be found like Joe Shemesh's in the Huon Pine book of Kerr and McDermott. Geraldine Brooks wrote a piece in the \\\"National Times\\\" of 24–30 May 1981 which Peter\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10878794\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gordon Splits\",\n \"text\": \"they appear like pieces of a giant's unsolved jigsaw, crggy masses and voids of sparkling quartzite, frozen a few metres apart, never quite meshing in the first Split, the rock rises vertically for about 100 metres before it merges with the gentler mountainside\\\" Gordon Splits The Gordon Splits is a notable section of gorges of the Gordon River, located in South West Tasmania, Australia. The once impassable gorges are situated on the lower Gordon River in the Franklin-Gordon Wild Rivers National Park, part of the Tasmanian Wilderness World Heritage Area. The splits has also been an important location of focus\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10878796\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in Belize\",\n \"text\": \"owned company production to smaller-scale localised indigenous farming primarily targeted at the European market. The Banana trade began between British Honduras and New Orleans. Commerce was wiped out in the 1920s by an outbreak of the Panama disease. Plantations were destroyed again by hurricanes in 1975 and 1978. The subsequent takeover of banana cultivation by the Banana Control Board, a public enterprise, had the effect of further inhibiting production. By mid-1985, the Banana Control Board had accumulated debts of US$9 million. The government reacted to the plight of the board by selling the 880 hectares under cultivation to the private\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405882\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gordon Splits\",\n \"text\": \"Thompson quoted in his \\\"Power in Tasmania\\\" as an evocative overview of the splits and their context. \\\"The Splits are a geological phenomenon. Six hundred million years ago, the powerful waters of the Gordon River wore a deep erosion slot through a rugged spine of quartzite. The river runs across the grain of the countryside, instead of following it. The result is rare and spectacular\\\". \\\"From the air, the Splits seem to grasp the Gordon River like giant rocky pincers, squeezing its wide flow into narrow strips of deep water about 100 metres long\\\". \\\"From the river bank below them,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10878795\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Adventures of Gulliver\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"The Banana Splits and Friends Show\\\", the syndicated version of \\\"The Banana Splits Adventure Hour\\\". Toys had been produced in Germany by Heimo. A Hanna-Barbera Production. Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. ©MCMLXVIII-MCMLXXI All rights reserved. The Adventures of Gulliver The Adventures of Gulliver is a 1968 television cartoon produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions. The show is based on the novel \\\"Gulliver's Travels\\\". The show aired Saturday mornings on ABC-TV and lasted for one season in its original broadcast. While on a boat trip with his father, Gary Gulliver and his dog Tagg end up shipwrecked on an island. On this island is the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4545010\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana production in the United States\",\n \"text\": \"In the 70's, a variety of bananas, including Ice Cream and Cavendish, were commonly grown throughout the Appalachian region, primarily throughout Tennessee, as well as in Kentucky along the Mississippi and Ohio rivers as well as in mountain areas of the eastern reaches of the state. Hawaii is by far the largest banana producer in the United States, followed by Florida. Banana plantation in Hawaii has followed a descending trend, from 13,181 mmt in 2000 to 8,090 mmt in 2010. Hawaii produces mainly the conventional Cavendish assortment and the Hawaiian apple banana, which are sold in the local markets due\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18715224\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Wars\",\n \"text\": \"hemisphere spanning both of the Roosevelt presidencies. The term was popularized through this writing which portrayed the United States as a police force that was sent to reconcile warring tropical countries, lawless societies and corrupt politicians, establishing a reign over tropical trade. The Banana Wars began with injustices, corruption, lawless societies and labor abuse in Latin America. Banana workers began what was comparable to a civil rights movement in the tropical fruit trade. Warring tropical countries stemmed from maltreatment and abusive working conditions gave rise to one of the earliest and most militant labor movements in early Latin America. When\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7393151\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana Wars\",\n \"text\": \"high import duties on bananas were announced in 1913, consumer representatives together with the banana industry protested successfully. They claimed it was the most widely consumed fruit among the urban poor, thus contrasting it with the aristocratic traditions associated with the consumption of other tropical commodities such as tea,coffee, and chocolate.The discourse and corruption facing Latin American people and governments is what prompted the United States influence.The Spanish American War was the US first global conflict. U.S. motivations for these conflicts were largely economic and military. The term \\\"Banana Wars\\\" was coined much later to cast the motivations for these\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7393152\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of modern banana plantations in the Americas\",\n \"text\": \"economies of the countries in which they operated. Since banana exports came to dominate the overseas trade and most of the foreign exchange earnings of Central American countries, and the companies could use their financial clout as well as carefully established connections with local elites, they had great influence over politics in those areas, leading O. Henry, who lived in Honduras (which he called \\\"Anchuria\\\") in 1896-97 to coin the term banana republic for them. Company influence was buttressed both by their willingness to hire mercenaries as paramilitary forces and to involve the United States government in military interventions when\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15533119\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Banana\",\n \"text\": \"large-scale cultivation in the next 10–20 years. Its predecessor 'Gros Michel', discovered in the 1820s, suffered this fate. Like almost all bananas, Cavendish lacks genetic diversity, which makes it vulnerable to diseases, threatening both commercial cultivation and small-scale subsistence farming. Some commentators remarked that those variants which could replace what much of the world considers a \\\"typical banana\\\" are so different that most people would not consider them the same fruit, and blame the decline of the banana on monogenetic cultivation driven by short-term commercial motives. Panama disease is caused by a fusarium soil fungus (Race 1), which enters the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"506030\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"History of modern banana plantations in the Americas\",\n \"text\": \"this zone. Racial discrimination policies that were widespread in the United States at the time were transported to Central America. The companies never used as much land as they acquired. They learned early that the plants were vulnerable to hurricanes, and to Panama disease, which first appeared in the 1910s in Panama, and completely destroyed banana growth very rapidly in areas where it had taken hold. As a result, they both acquired far more land than they needed to support banana cultivation, and they left these lands vacant as a reserve. Such policies in countries like Guatemala where landlessness was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15533122\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shire of Banana\",\n \"text\": \"15 March 2008, under the \\\"Local Government (Reform Implementation) Act 2007\\\" passed by the Parliament of Queensland on 10 August 2007, the Shire of Banana absorbed the northern part of the neighbouring Shire of Taroom, including the town of Taroom itself (the southern part was amgalmated into the Dalby Region later renamed Western Downs Region). The council has 3 offices: The Shire of Banana includes the following settlements: Banana area: North Taroom area: – shared with the Western Downs Region Banana Shire Council operate libraries at Biloela, Moura, Taroom, and Theodore. The council operates a fortnightly mobile library service to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9243704\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sort Of\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Just a Conversation\\\"): The same master was also issued in Japan with an additional 3\\\" CD single: Sort Of Sort Of is the debut studio album by the avant-rock band Slapp Happy. It was recorded in Wümme, Germany in May and June 1972 with Faust as their backing band, and released on LP by Polydor Records in 1972. In 1980 Recommended Records released a limited edition of \\\"Sort Of\\\" on LP, and the album was reissued on CD by Blueprint Records in 1999 with one bonus track. All titles written by Peter Blegvad and Anthony Moore. \\\"Sort Of\\\" was released\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8359672\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Deep Banana Blackout\",\n \"text\": \"Deep Banana Blackout Deep Banana Blackout (or DBB) is a New Orleans style Jazz-funk band from Fairfield County, Connecticut. Formed in the summer of 1995 when members of two bands (\\\"Tongue & Groove\\\" from Connecticut and \\\"Pack of Matches\\\" from Long Island, NY) joined forces in their spare time to run through old Funk & Soul standards. As the band members' chemistry became apparent, all other projects fell by the wayside so that they could focus on writing and arranging material for what had become Deep Banana Blackout. The band soon became a highly acclaimed musical force on the East\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7557809\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["elephantinely","elephant tusks","rogue elephant","elephant","🐘","elephant hunting","elephantineness","elephant hunter","rogue elephant","baby elephants","brown elephants","elephant","elephan","פיל","elephant population","elephant evolution","elefonts","evolution of elephants","elephants","mating elephants","elaphant","elephant rage","gestation period for elephants","elephant tusk","sexual behavior of elephants"],"string":"[\n \"elephantinely\",\n \"elephant tusks\",\n \"rogue elephant\",\n \"elephant\",\n \"🐘\",\n \"elephant hunting\",\n \"elephantineness\",\n \"elephant hunter\",\n \"rogue elephant\",\n \"baby elephants\",\n \"brown elephants\",\n \"elephant\",\n \"elephan\",\n \"פיל\",\n \"elephant population\",\n \"elephant evolution\",\n \"elefonts\",\n \"evolution of elephants\",\n \"elephants\",\n \"mating elephants\",\n \"elaphant\",\n \"elephant rage\",\n \"gestation period for elephants\",\n \"elephant tusk\",\n \"sexual behavior of elephants\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":94,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"who had an 80s no 1 hit with can't fight this feeling?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Can't Fight This Feeling","text":"Can't Fight This Feeling \"Can't Fight This Feeling\" is a power ballad performed by the American rock band REO Speedwagon. The single remained at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three consecutive weeks from March 9 to March 23, 1985. The song first appeared on REO Speedwagon's 1984 album \"Wheels Are Turnin'\". It was the group's second number-one hit on the U.S. charts (the first being 1981's \"Keep on Loving You\", also written by Kevin Cronin) and reached number sixteen in the UK. \"Can't Fight This Feeling\" has appeared on dozens of 'various artists' compilation albums, as","psg_id":"6330528"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling \\\"Can't Fight This Feeling\\\" is a power ballad performed by the American rock band REO Speedwagon. The single remained at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three consecutive weeks from March 9 to March 23, 1985. The song first appeared on REO Speedwagon's 1984 album \\\"Wheels Are Turnin'\\\". It was the group's second number-one hit on the U.S. charts (the first being 1981's \\\"Keep on Loving You\\\", also written by Kevin Cronin) and reached number sixteen in the UK. \\\"Can't Fight This Feeling\\\" has appeared on dozens of 'various artists' compilation albums, as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6330528\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song)","text":"Madonna to complete this song. The single was released in Australia on 26 March 2011. </div> Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song) \"Can't Fight this Feeling\" is a song written by Junior Caldera, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Roselyn Della Sabina, and produced by Junior Caldera for his first album, \"Début\", released in 2009. It was released as the album's fourth single in February 2010. It was also the second single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, \"Make A Scene\". The single was released in France prior to the release of Ellis-Bextor following single, \"Bittersweet\". The video for the song was shot","psg_id":"14223584"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"version of the song had been released previously as part of the soundtrack for the video game \"Madden NFL 2004\" under the erroneous title \"Action\". Barker explained in an interview that \"'Action' just sounded kind of dorky to us. Like we would always call it 'Feeling This' and then someone at our label, I think, like wrote it as 'Action' one time and sent out singles to people. And it was always supposed to be 'Feeling This'.\" To promote \"Blink-182\", the group performed \"Feeling This\", as well as their past hit \"Dammit\" on \"Total Request Live\" on November 11, 2003,","psg_id":"3652791"},{"title":"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song)","text":"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song) \"Can't Fight this Feeling\" is a song written by Junior Caldera, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Roselyn Della Sabina, and produced by Junior Caldera for his first album, \"Début\", released in 2009. It was released as the album's fourth single in February 2010. It was also the second single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, \"Make A Scene\". The single was released in France prior to the release of Ellis-Bextor following single, \"Bittersweet\". The video for the song was shot in Paris on 10 March 2010. It was believed that Roselyn Della Sabina stopped writing for","psg_id":"14223583"},{"title":"No Census, No Feeling","text":"them, and the Stooges run out of the stadium. \"No Census, No Feeling\" was filmed on May 25–29, 1940. The film title is a parody on the expression \"No sense, no feeling\". Curly confuses \"census\" for \"the censor\", thinking he is working for Will H. Hays. In one scene, Curly believes that it is Independence Day in October, claiming that \"you never can tell; look what they did to Thanksgiving!\". This is a reference to an event in 1939 when Franklin Roosevelt moved Thanksgiving to an earlier Thursday in November to lengthen the Christmas shopping season. This act angered many","psg_id":"11223683"},{"title":"Feeling Yes, Feeling No","text":"as a control group. The study found that the children who went through the program had greater knowledge about sexual assault than the control children, and that the children who went through the program were slightly better than the control children at distinguishing between safe and unsafe situations. Feeling Yes, Feeling No Feeling Yes, Feeling No (French: Mon corps, c'est mon corps) is a film series produced and distributed by the National Film Board of Canada to teach children between the ages of six and twelve to avoid being sexually assaulted by people they trust, family members, and strangers. The","psg_id":"18880378"},{"title":"This Happy Feeling","text":"This Happy Feeling This Happy Feeling is a 1958 film by Blake Edwards adapted from the F. Hugh Herbert play \"For Love or Money\". Edwards regretted Universal-International's eleventh hour decision of a name change, but the studio was hoping to trade off another pop hit by Debbie Reynolds as they had with \"Tammy and the Bachelor\". Reynolds stars, along with John Saxon, Curt Jurgens and veteran Hollywood actresses Alexis Smith and Mary Astor. Nita Holloway, a woman romantically involved with veteran actor Preston \"Mitch\" Mitchell, tries to persuade him to come out of retirement to appear in a Broadway play","psg_id":"8001723"},{"title":"This Happy Feeling","text":"realizes that Bill and Janet were meant for each other. He happily goes back to Nita, and is last seen on stage in the new Broadway play. This Happy Feeling This Happy Feeling is a 1958 film by Blake Edwards adapted from the F. Hugh Herbert play \"For Love or Money\". Edwards regretted Universal-International's eleventh hour decision of a name change, but the studio was hoping to trade off another pop hit by Debbie Reynolds as they had with \"Tammy and the Bachelor\". Reynolds stars, along with John Saxon, Curt Jurgens and veteran Hollywood actresses Alexis Smith and Mary Astor.","psg_id":"8001726"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"Tracks chart in late 2003. It was also a top 20 hit in the United Kingdom and Australia. The digital single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 2005. Blink-182 has performed \"Feeling This\" in a number of live appearances, including on \"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\". \"Feeling This\" was the first track that was recorded for \"Blink-182\" in early 2003. On the first day of pre-production on the album, bassist Mark Hoppus asked an engineer to explain Pro Tools to him, as it was the first time the band would record their music digitally. He began recording","psg_id":"3652783"},{"title":"Who Can It Be Now?","text":"the single, by then well over a year old, went on to hit No. 1 in the US in October 1982. \"Who Can It Be Now?\" was also a modest hit in the UK, reaching No. 45. As one of the Men at Work's biggest hits, it was featured on their later compilation albums, and a live version can be found on \"Brazil\". The song remains a popular symbol of new wave music and has been featured on numerous 1980s compilations. The band performed both this song and \"Down Under\" live on \"Saturday Night Live\" on 23 October 1982. Around","psg_id":"9335627"},{"title":"Human T-lymphotropic virus 1","text":"with both viruses. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation has been investigated in the treatment of HTLV-1 disease with varied results. One case report describes an HTLV-1 infected woman who developed chronic refractory eczema, corneal injury and adult T cell leukemia. She was subsequently treated with allogenic stem cell transplantation and had complete resolution of symptoms. One year post-transplant, she has had no recurrence of any symptoms, and furthermore has had a decrease in her proviral load. Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type","psg_id":"2415035"},{"title":"Feeling Yes, Feeling No","text":"Feeling Yes, Feeling No Feeling Yes, Feeling No (French: Mon corps, c'est mon corps) is a film series produced and distributed by the National Film Board of Canada to teach children between the ages of six and twelve to avoid being sexually assaulted by people they trust, family members, and strangers. The films consist of recordings of a play that began development in 1980 in Vancouver, British Columbia by Green Thumb Theatre. Dennis Foon, Wendy Van Reisen, and Fran Gebhard finished writing the play in 1982. Initially performed in workshops with children, the play was very successful. The filmed version","psg_id":"18880376"},{"title":"Fight for This Love","text":"being worried that Cheryl would not be able to cope going solo. She said \"Whilst it does sound just a little bit Girls Aloud-y, we still love it, and can see it being a huge hit on the club circuit up and down the country ... we think this is going to send her well on her way to global superstardom.\" Popjustice also liked the song saying \"'Fight For This Love' is very definitely not just a Girls Aloud single with one person singing it... its one of those songs you can have on repeat for an hour and a","psg_id":"13760802"},{"title":"How Can I Unlove You (album)","text":"How Can I Unlove You (album) How Can I Unlove You is an album by Country music singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1971 (see 1971 in music). The album's title is derived from Anderson's No. 1 hit single late that year, \"How Can I Unlove You\". Written by Joe South (who had previously written her 1970 No. 1 Country and Pop hit, \"(I Never Promised You A) Rose Garden\", the song also reached No. 63 on the Pop music charts and No. 30 on the Adult Contemporary charts, and was Anderson's third No. 1 hit. This album includes covers of","psg_id":"11030552"},{"title":"What is this Feeling?","text":"What is this Feeling? \"What is this Feeling?\" is a song from the hit musical \"Wicked\". It is sung between Elphaba, Galinda (later Glinda), and the students at Shiz University, expressing their loathing for each other's contrasting personalities as newly-assigned roommates. The song is performed towards the beginning of the first act. It opens with the two girls, Galinda and Elphaba, writing letters home to their parents in order to complain about their new rooming situation at Shiz University, brought about by Madame Morrible. During the song, Galinda and Elphaba graphically detail their mutual and \"unadulterated loathing\" toward one another.","psg_id":"14382816"},{"title":"Fight with Tools","text":"Fight with Tools Fight with Tools is the debut album by Flobots originally released in October 2007 and re-released on May 20, 2008. The album was recorded in 2007 around the band's home state of Colorado. \"Fight with Tools\" received a mildly positive reception from critics who praised the production and serious subject matter. The album features the single \"Handlebars\" which became a popular hit on Modern Rock radio the following April, also becoming a popular hit in the UK (#14), New Zealand (#26) and Canada (#63). The album also features the single \"Rise\" which also became a popular hit","psg_id":"11895211"},{"title":"Who Can It Be Now?","text":"Who Can It Be Now? \"Who Can It Be Now?\" is a song recorded by Australian band Men at Work. It was first released as a single in Australia in June 1981, prior to the recording of their 1981 debut album \"Business as Usual\", on which the track was later included. \"Who Can It Be Now?\" reached No. 2 on the Australian singles chart in August that year, and also hit No. 45 in New Zealand. Released in Canada in early 1982, the track peaked at No. 8 in late July. This spurred an American release of the song, and","psg_id":"9335626"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"the liner notes for \"Blink-182\", DeLonge stated that the recording was done in a living room at the home previously mentioned, with microphones away. The end of the song is a melodic duet between the band's two vocalists, both singing conflicting but harmonizing parts. Blink-182 first performed \"Feeling This\" alongside other new songs from \"Blink-182\" during their performances at the 2003 Reading and Leeds festivals. The band picked \"Feeling This\" as the first single because they felt it representative of the transition they had undergone since their fourth studio album, \"Take Off Your Pants and Jacket\" (2001). A slightly different","psg_id":"3652790"},{"title":"No Census, No Feeling","text":"No Census, No Feeling No Census, No Feeling (1940) is the 50th short film released by Columbia Pictures starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959. The Stooges are caught sleeping in a closed awning situated over a store. A brief argument among the trio results in Curly casually tossing a pot over his shoulder, breaking several dishes. The shopkeeper (Max Davidson) becomes irate, calls the police and chases the Stooges for vandalizing his store, who quickly dash into a","psg_id":"11223679"},{"title":"Big '80s","text":"Big '80s Big '80s was an all 1980s music channel on Sirius Satellite Radio channel 8 and Dish Network channel 6008. It was replaced by XM's The 80s on 8 on November 12, 2008, as part of the Sirius XM Merger. It featured all four living original MTV VJs who are now on The 80s on 8 channel. Big '80s was SIRIUS's highest rated music channel during its early days. Nina Blackwood's countdown show was dropped and replaced by \"AT40 Flashback\" (which had always been broadcast on '80s On 8) when Sirius XM replaced this channel with '80s on 8.","psg_id":"8643473"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"and on the late-night talk show \"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\" in November 26, 2003. Richard Cheese covered the song on their 2004 album \"I'd Like a Virgin\". \"Feeling This\" debuted at number 40 on \"Billboard\" Modern Rock Tracks chart on October 18, 2003, jumping to number 13 in its second week, which was at that time the fourth-biggest move in the history of that chart. The song moved upwards on the chart over the following weeks, eventually achieving a peak of number two (behind Linkin Park's hit \"Numb\") on November 29, 2003. It remained at number two for two more weeks","psg_id":"3652792"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"mix of the song, the engineer automated the music to fade at the song's conclusion, but mistakenly forgot to do the same for the vocal tracks. Hoppus, who had been listening to the Beach Boys at the time, liked the a cappella interplay of their voices. All agreed to keep it in the final version of the song. The song is composed in the key of E major and is set in time signature of common time with a tempo of 173 beats per minute. The vocal range spans from E3 to B4. \"Feeling This\" opens with flanged drums. Although","psg_id":"3652787"},{"title":"No Census, No Feeling","text":"Republicans and, after some time, the holiday ended up moving to the fourth Thursday of November which just happens to be on the last Thursday of November most years. In 1940 and 1941, the holiday was on the third Thursday of November. A colorized version of this film was released in the 2004 DVD collection entitled \"Stooged & Confoosed.\" No Census, No Feeling No Census, No Feeling (1940) is the 50th short film released by Columbia Pictures starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the","psg_id":"11223684"},{"title":"Fight with Tools","text":"Tools\" booklet. Fight with Tools Fight with Tools is the debut album by Flobots originally released in October 2007 and re-released on May 20, 2008. The album was recorded in 2007 around the band's home state of Colorado. \"Fight with Tools\" received a mildly positive reception from critics who praised the production and serious subject matter. The album features the single \"Handlebars\" which became a popular hit on Modern Rock radio the following April, also becoming a popular hit in the UK (#14), New Zealand (#26) and Canada (#63). The album also features the single \"Rise\" which also became a","psg_id":"11895215"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"sung the standard lyric in live performance. Also, arranger Johnny Pearson utilized a bassoon solo for the instrumental break in Black's version as opposed to the saxophone utilized in the Warwick original. Cilla Black, interviewed for that \"Great Performances\" telecast, expressed her awareness of Warwick's disenchantment: \"It was a No.1; Dionne was dead choked and she's never forgiven me to this day.\" It was in fact Burt Bacharach himself who backed Cilla to record this song for a British release, after Dionne Warwick had a hit in America with it. \"At one point it looked as if Shirley Bassey would","psg_id":"8026225"},{"title":"Kids Can Say No!","text":"proper and improper physical intimacy, which he calls \"yes\" and \"no\" feelings; a parent's hug is given as an example of a \"yes\" feeling. In vox populi segments, children give other examples of \"yes\" and \"no\" feelings; one child says that being tickled by his father is a \"yes\" feeling, and another says that being squeezed hard is a \"no\" feeling. Harris leads the children in a chant of \"Go away!\" as an exercise in how to respond to \"no\" feelings. He teaches the children about stranger danger, and that adults they know can also be a threat. The film","psg_id":"18856173"},{"title":"Blues with a Feeling","text":"Blues with a Feeling \"Blues with a Feeling\" is a blues song written and first recorded by Rabon Tarrant with Jack McVea and His All Stars in 1947, as the B-side of \"Slowly Goin' Crazy Blues\". Although the original release was commercially unsuccessful, the song later became an important hit for Little Walter, with whom it is usually identified. Walter transformed the tune from Tarrant's jump blues-oriented style to a Chicago blues harmonica classic. It became an important piece for blues harp players and a variety of musicians have recorded their own renditions. Rabon Tarrant, a drummer with saxophone player","psg_id":"14841984"},{"title":"Absolute Radio 80s","text":"Absolute Radio 80s Absolute 80s is a digital radio station in the United Kingdom catering for \"reluctant adults\" who want to reconnect with the tunes of their 1980s youth. Absolute 80s launched at 7.00pm on 4 December 2009, replacing Absolute Xtreme. The marketing plan for Absolute 80s started with targeted sampling at 80s events such as Madness, Pet Shop Boys and Depeche Mode at the O2 Arena, Erasure at the NEC Birmingham and Simple Minds at the Wembley Arena. The first track to play on the station was \"(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)\" by the Beastie Boys.","psg_id":"5853867"},{"title":"'80s on 8","text":"far between, so the opportunity to see them all on the same bill, made for a fun and playful evening.\" The internet version can be biased toward dance pop or toward mainstream rock hits. '80s on 8 '80s on 8 (also known as The Big '80s on 8) is a commercial-free, satellite radio station on Sirius XM Radio channel 8 and also Dish Network 6008. As a result of the Sirius/XM merger on November 12, 2008, the channel was merged with the Big '80s channel on Sirius 8, and took its current name. The channel plays hit music from the","psg_id":"7898459"},{"title":"The Woman Who Had No Shadow","text":"night, the parson recognized her as his wife, and the housekeeper called him out to see how the roof had bloomed with flowers. The legend of \"Tannhäuser\" features the same growth as evidence of miraculous forgiveness. \"Die Frau ohne Schatten\" by Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Richard Strauss is loosely based on this tale. The Woman Who Had No Shadow \"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\" is a Scandinavian fairy tale, included by Sven Grundtvig in \"Gamle danske Minder i Folkemunde\" and Ella Ohlson in \"Sagor från Ångermanland\". It is Aarne-Thompson type 755, Sin and grace. A woman, wishing to have","psg_id":"14822435"},{"title":"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling","text":"played the song in concert several times, although no recordings have been officially released. You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\", or \"Love with a Feeling\" as it was originally titled, is a blues song first recorded by Tampa Red in 1938. Numerous blues artists have interpreted and recorded the song, including Freddie King who had a number 92 \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 1961 with \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\". Tampa Red recorded \"Love with a Feeling\" as a mid-tempo twelve-bar blues. Accompanying Red, who sang and played","psg_id":"14839288"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"\"Billboard\" reported that the sales tally for Black's \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" was nearing one million units. Internationally, Black's version also reached No.1 in Ireland, New Zealand and South Africa. In The Netherlands the song reached the No.6 position and in Australia it peaked at No.34. In May 2010, research published by BBC Radio 2 revealed that \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" by Cilla Black was the biggest female UK chart hit of the 1960s. Despite the international success and recognition of Warwick's original version, the besting in Great Britain by Black's version has long been a sore point","psg_id":"8026223"},{"title":"T(1) theorem","text":"function satisfying certain conditions. Then the \"T\"(1) theorem states that \"T\" can be extended to a bounded operator on the Hilbert space \"L\"(R) if and only if the following conditions are satisfied: T(1) theorem In mathematics, the T(1) theorem, first proved by , describes when an operator \"T\" given by a kernel can be extended to a bounded linear operator on the Hilbert space \"L\"(R). The name \"T\"(1) theorem refers to a condition on the distribution \"T\"(1), given by the operator \"T\" applied to the function 1. Suppose that \"T\" is a continuous operator from Schwartz functions on R to","psg_id":"13891986"},{"title":"Fight Back! with David Horowitz","text":"second season of Consumer Buyline. In this segment, viewers would write in with various complaints about companies or customer service, while others would send in confusing and amusing signs, labels, or ads. Starting with the second season of \"Fight Back!\", if Horowitz challenged a viewer's commercial or used his/her letter on air, he'd send a \"Fight Back!\" T-shirt and a 45rpm record of the show's theme song. In some instances, the t-shirt would be substituted with a red button that read \"Don't Rip Me Off! I Fight Back with David Horowitz!\". Since wrapping production of \"Fight Back!\", David Horowitz has","psg_id":"8207452"},{"title":"Can't Fight This Feeling","text":"5, \"Simon Said\". Jo Harvelle turns this song on for Dean Winchester in Harvelle's Roadhouse. Later, he sings it in the car (claiming the song had stuck in his head to a very confused Sam Winchester). It was also featured in the \"South Park\" episode \"Miss Teacher Bangs a Boy\", and the musical \"Rock of Ages\". It was featured prominently in advertisements for the film, \"Horton Hears a Who!\", and sung by the major characters near the end of the film as the titular character celebrates his vindication and his charges' salvation. In 2013 it was used in the first","psg_id":"6330531"},{"title":"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)","text":"on VH1's list of \"The 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s.\" According to Daryl Hall, during the recording of \"We Are the World\", Michael Jackson approached him and admitted to lifting the bass line for \"Billie Jean\" from a Hall & Oates song, apparently referring to \"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do).\" Hall says that he told Jackson that he had lifted the bass line from another song himself, and that it was \"something we all do.\" Van Halen would also do something similar by lifting the synthesizer used in \"Kiss On My List\" for their hit \"Jump\".","psg_id":"8293858"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"Feeling This \"Feeling This\" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for their eponymously titled fifth studio album (2003). The song was released as the lead single from \"Blink-182\" on October 2, 2003 through Geffen Records. It was written by guitarist Tom DeLonge, bassist Mark Hoppus, and drummer Travis Barker, and was produced and mixed by Jerry Finn. The song originated on the first day of producing the album. Its lyrics are purely sexual in nature; the band attempted to juxtapose lust and passion between verses and choruses, thematically connected with a wistful, regretful tone. The song's composition","psg_id":"3652781"},{"title":"The Woman Who Had No Shadow","text":"The Woman Who Had No Shadow \"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\" is a Scandinavian fairy tale, included by Sven Grundtvig in \"Gamle danske Minder i Folkemunde\" and Ella Ohlson in \"Sagor från Ångermanland\". It is Aarne-Thompson type 755, Sin and grace. A woman, wishing to have no children, threw rocks into a well at a witch's direction. Thereafter, she had no shadow. Her husband, the parson, demanded to know why and threw her out, saying that their slate roof would blossom with flowers before she was forgiven. One day, a beggar woman sought refuge there; she died in the","psg_id":"14822434"},{"title":"Let This Feeling","text":"artist, jewellery-maker, and portraitist Andrew Logan. Let This Feeling \"Let This Feeling\" is a 1993 Eurodance-single by Dutch TV host, singer and MTV VJ Simone Angel. The song is produced by Italian Eurodance act Cappella. It peaked at number 4 in Finland, number 8 in Israel, number 15 in Switzerland and number 17 in Austria. \"Let This Feeling\" also peaked at number 51 on the Eurochart Hot 100. The music video for \"Let This Feeling\" was directed by Scottish director Matthew Glamorre. It features Simone dancing in a silver flashing kaleidoscope thing and flying on a pegasus sculpture. The sculpture","psg_id":"18993060"},{"title":"Let This Feeling","text":"Let This Feeling \"Let This Feeling\" is a 1993 Eurodance-single by Dutch TV host, singer and MTV VJ Simone Angel. The song is produced by Italian Eurodance act Cappella. It peaked at number 4 in Finland, number 8 in Israel, number 15 in Switzerland and number 17 in Austria. \"Let This Feeling\" also peaked at number 51 on the Eurochart Hot 100. The music video for \"Let This Feeling\" was directed by Scottish director Matthew Glamorre. It features Simone dancing in a silver flashing kaleidoscope thing and flying on a pegasus sculpture. The sculpture was made by English sculptor, performance","psg_id":"18993059"},{"title":"Symphony No. 1 (Rachmaninoff)","text":"no doubt that the First Symphony is powerful and dramatic. It is influenced by Tchaikovsky's last symphonies, although this influence can only be seen in the feeling of anguish against relentless fate. The composer Robert Simpson regarded Rachmaninoff's First Symphony as much superior to the two that followed it, feeling that it had been created \"naturally and without strain\" on the whole and with all four of its movements \"thematically genuinely integrated.\" He also felt the symphony sidesteps what he called the \"lyrical inflation\" and \"forced climaxes\" of the Second Symphony and the piano concertos. Instead of this lyric inflation,","psg_id":"5883703"},{"title":"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!","text":"City in 1918. A top 20 song in 1918, the sheet music was repeatedly offered in a war edition with insets of the following performers Emma Carus, Flora Starr, Grace Wallace, and Rae Samuels. If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany! \"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\" is a World War I song from the perspective of a woman confident that her boyfriend will be a good soldier because he was a good lover. It became a hit after it was released by The Farber Sisters in 1918. The lyrics and","psg_id":"18150799"},{"title":"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!","text":"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany! \"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\" is a World War I song from the perspective of a woman confident that her boyfriend will be a good soldier because he was a good lover. It became a hit after it was released by The Farber Sisters in 1918. The lyrics and cover art are in the public domain. The song was composed by George W. Meyer, with words by Grant Clarke and Howard E. Rogers. It was published by Leo Feist Inc in New York","psg_id":"18150798"},{"title":"T-80","text":"battalion used 31 T-80s and lost 6 of them during three months of combat. The forces selected to capture Grozny were not prepared for such an operation, while the city was defended by, among others, veterans of the Soviet–Afghan War. The T-80 tanks used in this operation either did not have reactive armour (T-80B) or they were not fitted with explosive inserts before the start of the operation (T-80BV), and the T-80 crews lacked sufficient training before the war. The inexperienced crews had no knowledge of the layout of the city, while the tanks were attacked by RPG teams hidden","psg_id":"1612964"},{"title":"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling","text":"Lose This Feeling\" and Madonna's 1985 single \"Into the Groove\" was also issued. Inspired by the many bootleg recordings being made in the UK, Minogue sent Madonna a copy of the mashup for her legal approval. Madonna, an artist who rarely approves of others using her music, called it \"brilliant\". Minogue described Madonna's approval as \"the biggest, most amazing thing\". The music video for \"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\" was directed by Phil Griffin and filmed in 2003. The video begins with Minogue sitting and dancing on the porch of a colourfully lit beach house. She is then shown sitting","psg_id":"7015646"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"Black's versions of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" were released as singles: Warwick's version rose as high as No.11 while Black's peak was No.34. Warwick had the hit with \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in Belgium (Flemish Region), the Netherlands and South Africa, reaching No.4 in each territory. Petula Clark was on the roster of Pye Records, Warwick's UK label, and therefore in a position to almost immediately cover \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\" in the spring of 1964 then","psg_id":"8026230"},{"title":"'80s on 8","text":"somehow reminiscent of that channel. On April 26, 2017, it was announced that SiriusXM's '80s on 8 would be presenting the Replay America Tour, offering hits from the 80s. The lineup included the following pop stars from the 80s, who mostly played their best known songs: The tour dates and locations were as follows: A review of the final show reported that the tour \"fulfilled its purpose of taking fans back to seemingly more simple times, with the hit songs they grew up with, and a party-like atmosphere. The chance to see some of these acts might be few and","psg_id":"7898458"},{"title":"Perry Beadle T.1","text":"the more powerful T.2. The T.1 and T.2 are the only Perry Beadle types known to have flown. The T.1 was a biplane with wings of equal span, constant chord and no stagger or sweep. It had an essentially two bay wing structure, though a third set of simple parallel interplane struts on each wing, close to the fuselage, took the place of cabane struts. Parallel chord ailerons were fitted only to the upper wing. The fuselage was mounted between the wings, with gaps both above and below; the interplane gap was wide at about 5 ft 9 in (1.75","psg_id":"15249159"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"a peak achieved of No.37 in May 1964, marking Warwick's sole German chart entry until 1982's \"Heartbreaker\" and Black's sole German charting ever. The orchestra on Petula Clark's versions of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" was conducted by Tony Hatch. The instrumentation of Clark differs from that of the versions by Dionne Warwick and Cilla Black in utilizing an organ for the solo on the instrumental break rather than a saxophone as on the Warwick original or a bassoon as on Black's cover. Petula Clark has never recorded \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in English, feeling that both Dionne Warwick","psg_id":"8026232"},{"title":"Blues with a Feeling","text":"Jack McVea's band, wrote \"Blues with a Feeling\" and also provided the vocals. The song was performed as a mid-tempo twelve-bar jump blues that features sax and trumpet soloing over a strong backbeat. The opening verses reflect on lost love: In its \"Advance Record Releases\" column, \"Billboard\" describes the single on Black & White Records as \"slowly goin'\". The notice appears on May 10, 1947, about one month after McVea's number two hit \"Open the Door Richard\" exited the chart. However, \"Blues with a Feeling\" did not reach the chart. Little Walter follows much of McVea's verses and arrangement, however,","psg_id":"14841985"},{"title":"Can't Keep this Feeling In","text":"Can't Keep this Feeling In \"Can't Keep this Feeling In\" was the lead single from Cliff Richard's 1998 album \"Real as I Wanna Be\", released a week prior to the album. It peaked on debut at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart. Richard was complaining about his deliberate exclusion from airplay on UK radio stations (not including BBC Radio 2). So a ruse was concocted in an attempt to circumvent prejudice that had increasingly led to Richard's exclusion. Richard picked the song because as he says \"it was a slow, black rhythm and blues style and had a lot","psg_id":"20258816"},{"title":"Once More, with Feeling!","text":"More, With Feeling\" which was adapted for this film, opened on Broadway on 21 October 1958 at the National Theatre, in a production directed by George Axelrod and designed by George Jenkins, and starring Joseph Cotten, Arlene Francis, and Walter Matthau, who was nominated for a Tony Award as Best featured actor. The play ran for 263 performances. The film was Kay Kendall's last. She died of leukemia on 6 September 1959, prior to the film's release. Once More, with Feeling! Once More, with Feeling! is a 1960 British comedy film starring Yul Brynner and Kay Kendall and directed and","psg_id":"9193261"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"love.\" In the narrative, the boys and girls are separated at the school and sexually repressed, and release their energies when they meet between a glass window. The clip was shot at the abandoned Lincoln Heights Jail north of downtown Los Angeles. All songs written and composed by Tom DeLonge, Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker, except where noted. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \"Blink-182\", Geffen Records. Feeling This \"Feeling This\" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for their eponymously titled fifth studio album (2003). The song was released as the lead single from \"Blink-182\" on","psg_id":"3652797"},{"title":"T(1) theorem","text":"T(1) theorem In mathematics, the T(1) theorem, first proved by , describes when an operator \"T\" given by a kernel can be extended to a bounded linear operator on the Hilbert space \"L\"(R). The name \"T\"(1) theorem refers to a condition on the distribution \"T\"(1), given by the operator \"T\" applied to the function 1. Suppose that \"T\" is a continuous operator from Schwartz functions on R to tempered distributions, so that \"T\" is given by a kernel \"K\" which is a distribution. Assume that the kernel is standard, which means that off the diagonal it is given by a","psg_id":"13891985"},{"title":"The Man Who Had No Idea","text":"The Man Who Had No Idea \"The Man Who Had No Idea\" is a 1978 science fiction story by Thomas M. Disch. It was first published in \"The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction\". In a world where licenses are required in order to participate in conversation, Barry Riordan risks failing his exam because he cannot think of anything original. \"The Man Who Had No Idea\" was a finalist for the 1979 Hugo Award for Best Novelette John Sladek considered it to depict \"delightful problems\". \"Kirkus Reviews\" noted that it \"say(s) a great deal about our expectations of ourselves and","psg_id":"20768168"},{"title":"Arabian Fight","text":"the far back of the screen and give a feeling of perspective. The game also makes use of the foreground, something rarely done at this time, as characters perform special attacks very close to the screen, some so close that only their torso and head will fit; likewise enemies can jump from the foreground to fight (characters cannot be hit while in these animations). The corrupt Sheikh Sazabiss has abducted Princess Lurana, and he is utilizing every unscrupulous means of power he has at his disposal to achieve his ultimate ambition of conquering the world. The quartet of valiant and","psg_id":"8091368"},{"title":"No. 1 Flying Training School RAF","text":"25 February 1948. Aircraft flown in this period were the de Havilland Tiger Moth and the North American Harvard. RAF Oakington saw the fifth incarnation of 1 FTS, when it was reformed once again on 1 December 1950 with the North American Harvard T.2B. On 31 October 1951 the school had completely moved to RAF Moreton-in-Marsh and had been given Percival Prentice T.1s, but disbanded again on 20 April 1955. On 1 May 1955 No. 22 Flying Training School RAF (22 FTS) at RAF Syerston was renamed to 1 FTS. It flew the Percival Provost T.1, de Havilland Canada DHC-1","psg_id":"11089001"},{"title":"T-80","text":"a muzzle referencing system, and an auxiliary power unit. In 1999 a new variant, T-84, appeared. This modification got many improvements, including deeper sideskirts, modified reactive armour, a small reference radar antenna near the gunner's hatch (used to track rounds and compensate for barrel wear), and a large armoured box for an auxiliary power unit at the rear of the right fender. Unlike Russia, Ukraine has had much better success selling T-80s (but not T-84s) to foreign customers. Cyprus bought a number of T-80s for its small army. Pakistan, countering India's adoption of the Russian T-90, bought Ukrainian T-80UDs for","psg_id":"1612956"},{"title":"How Can I Unlove You","text":"charts, the same position as her previous No. 1 country hit, \"You're My Man\". \"How Can I Unlove You\" was written by Joe South, who had also written \"(I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden\". The song was produced by Anderson's husband at the time, Glenn Sutton, who had also produced \"(I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden\". A Bluegrass version of the song was recorded by Anderson for her Grammy-nominated 2004 album, \"The Bluegrass Sessions\". How Can I Unlove You \"How Can I Unlove You\" is the name of a No. 1 country hit by country music singer Lynn","psg_id":"9350797"},{"title":"Fight the Power (Part 1 & 2)","text":"said the word, Ron simply replied, \"because it needed to be said\" and \"it's what people want to hear.\" The song reflected a negative opinion of authority figures, a feeling shared by all the band members, which can explain the intensified vocalizing by Ron, Rudy, and Kelly. Later, the trio added in the background chant, \"fight it!\" to merge in with the brothers' vocal ad-libbing near the end. Though the track had a unison lead style, onstage during performances, Ron Isley would sing the majority of the song with his older brothers chipping in during some parts. As was with","psg_id":"5251523"},{"title":"Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma","text":"or standard first-line chemotherapy that works for the majority of AITL patients. There are several clinical trials that offer treatment options that can fight the disease. Stem cell transplantation is the treatment of choice, with the allogeneic one being the preference because AITL tends to recur after autologous transplants. The typical patient with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is either middle-aged or elderly, and no gender preference for this disease has been observed. AITL comprises 15–20% of peripheral T-cell lymphomas and 1–2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, sometimes misspelled AILT) (formerly known as \"angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy","psg_id":"10192227"},{"title":"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling","text":"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\", or \"Love with a Feeling\" as it was originally titled, is a blues song first recorded by Tampa Red in 1938. Numerous blues artists have interpreted and recorded the song, including Freddie King who had a number 92 \"Billboard\" Hot 100 in 1961 with \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\". Tampa Red recorded \"Love with a Feeling\" as a mid-tempo twelve-bar blues. Accompanying Red, who sang and played slide guitar, were Black Bob Hudson on piano and an unknown bass player. Although","psg_id":"14839283"},{"title":"Kids Can Say No!","text":"The film has four role-playing scenes in which children encounter paedophiles, with Harris and the children discussing each scene. Harris said that he came up with the idea for the film on a 1982 Canadian tour when he saw Vancouver's Green Thumb Theatre production of \"Feeling Yes, Feeling No\", a play about child sexual abuse. \"Kids Can Say No!\", released in October 1985 on VHS in the United Kingdom, was the first British children's film about sexual abuse and was purchased by police forces, educational institutions, and libraries across Europe. Upon the film's release, \"The Times\" obtained opinions from four","psg_id":"18856169"},{"title":"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll","text":"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll () is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. The troll is, as commonly depicted, not very intelligent and has poor vision, while the boy is clever, outwitting the troll to win an eating contest. A farmer sent his sons to cut wood in a forest he owned, to pay off debts. A troll threatened them as they came, one by one; the two older ones allowed themselves to be chased off, but the youngest son (known in","psg_id":"8183014"},{"title":"Big '80s","text":"However due to subscriber demand, Sirius/XM overhauled many of the channels absorbed by the XM line-up due to subscriber feedback. 80s on 8 was one of those channels, resulting in the return of Nina Blackwood's countdown in October 2009, and the Big '80s name has returned as the slogan for '80s on 8. However, this version includes the other VJs and is named the \"VJ big 40 countdown\". By 2010, the schedule had returned to that of the Big '80s. Big '80s Big '80s was an all 1980s music channel on Sirius Satellite Radio channel 8 and Dish Network channel","psg_id":"8643474"},{"title":"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll","text":"the boy took his gold and silver and paid off the family debt. The story was adapted into a 1967 puppet animation directed by Ivo Caprino, titled \"Gutten som kappåt med trollet\". The film credits Peter Christen Asbjørnsen as having collected the tale, despite \"Norwegian Folktales\" attributing it to Jørgen Moe. The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll () is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. The troll is, as commonly depicted, not very intelligent and has poor vision, while the boy is clever,","psg_id":"8183017"},{"title":"What is this Feeling?","text":"and new?/I felt the moment I laid eyes on you/My pulse is rushing/My head is reeling/My face is flushing/What is this feeling?/Fervid as a flame/Does it have a name?\"). The irony comes in when phrases traditionally used for love songs are revealed to be expressing hate. When Galinda and Elphaba describe each other, Galinda complains about Elphaba being \"utterly impossible to describe\", while Elphaba simply calls Galinda \"blonde\". At the end of the song, Elphaba scares Galinda, by saying \"Boo\", with Galinda letting out a high-pitched squeal. What is this Feeling? \"What is this Feeling?\" is a song from the","psg_id":"14382819"},{"title":"Shaadi No. 1","text":"falls onto a cement packet. Injured, Veer, Raj and Aryan apologize to Lucky Bhai as he feels awkward about saving people but has trust in them. \"Garam Masala\" was released at the same time as \"Shaadi No. 1\" and \"Kyon Ki\". During the filming of \"Shaadi No. 1\", Riya Sen was hit by a motorbike and supposedly had a near death experience. Shaadi No. 1 Shaadi No. 1 (Translation: \"Marriage No. 1\") is an Indian comedy film released in November 2005. The film, directed by David Dhawan, stars Fardeen Khan, Zayed Khan, Sharman Joshi, Ayesha Takia, Esha Deol, Soha Ali","psg_id":"6705281"},{"title":"Cocaine 80s","text":"Cocaine 80s Cocaine 80s is an American hip hop collective founded in 2011, by record producer No I.D.. With James Fauntleroy serving as lead singer on each song, the group has collectively released four full-length projects: \"The Pursuit EP\" (2011), \"Ghost Lady EP\" (2011), \"Express OG EP\" (2012) and \"The Flower of Life\" (2013). On June 22, 2011, an extended play (EP) titled \"Cocaine 80s: The Pursuit\", surfaced online. \"The Pursuit\" EP features vocals from Steve Wyreman, Rob Kinelski, Kevin Randolph, James Fauntleroy, Makeba Riddick and more. On October 21, 2011, another EP was released, titled \"Cocaine 80s: Ghost Lady\".","psg_id":"17033829"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"around 950,000 copies. Petula Clark also recorded \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\" in the spring of 1964, then No.5 in Italy with \"Quelli che hanno un cuore\" that September. In October 1964, Clark reached No.1 in Spain - for a two-week period - with \"Tú no tienes corazón\". \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" was presented to Dionne Warwick in unfinished form while she, Burt Bacharach and Hal David were rehearsing in Bacharach's Manhattan apartment for an upcoming recording session. Bacharach","psg_id":"8026216"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"chart for the following week at No.42; by then Black's version had reached No.10, ascending in the subsequent two weeks to No.2 and then No.1, while Warwick's version concurrently ended its chart run with two weeks at No.47. On the chart dated 29 February 1964, besides Black's \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" at No.1 for the first of three weeks and Warwick's version in its final chart week at No.47, the UK Top 50 featured a third version of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" as the version by Mary May made its one-week appearance at No.49. On 25 April 1964,","psg_id":"8026222"},{"title":"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling","text":"Wanna Lose This Feeling\". UK CD single 12-inch single Australian CD single Official remixes The following people contributed to \"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\": Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling \"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\" is a song recorded by Australian singer Dannii Minogue for her 2003 album \"Neon Nights\". It was written by the singer with Bruno Alexandre, Matthieu Joly, Terry Ronald, Madonna, Stephen Bray, James Theochari and Camille Troillard. The song was released as the album's fourth single in June 2003, reaching number five in the United Kingdom and the top 40 in Australia, Walloon Belgium, France, Ireland, and","psg_id":"7015649"},{"title":"Fight for This Love","text":"was relaxing in comparison. We made the video in London, with a lot of focus on fashion and dance, with very tough choreography, before putting it all together in Los Angeles afterwards. I have a strong feeling that this will be a #1 for Cheryl in England!\" The video starts off with Cheryl in a simple white vest, and biker gloves, accompanied with an entourage of female dancers dressed in black. Various scenes throughout the video include Cheryl in silk leopard print bottoms, an all black outfit with silver sparks coming out from both sides of her top, standing in","psg_id":"13760809"},{"title":"Such a Good Feeling","text":"Such a Good Feeling \"Such A Good Feeling\" is a song by English electronic music trio Brothers In Rhythm. It sampled Charvoni's \"Always There\" which itself is a cover of a Side Effect song from 1976, however was a bigger hit for Incognito feat. Jocelyn Brown in 1991. The original lyrics for \"Always There\", written by Paul B Allen III, were sampled, and different music was sampled by Brothers in Rhythm to play underneath those vocalized lyrics. Upon its first release it reached No. 64 on the UK Singles Chart & No. 1 on the US Hot Dance Music/Club Play","psg_id":"19779832"},{"title":"Tony T.","text":"by \"When the Sun Comes Down\", \"Hot Girl\", \"Like I Love You\" and \"Miss Sunshine\". But R.I.O.'s hit \"Turn This Club Around\" featuring the vocals of U-Jean proved to be an international success reaching No. 5 in Austria, No. 3 in Germany, No. 1 in Switzerland also charting in the UK, Scotland, Netherlands, as well as Belgium, Canada. The band released same titled album \"Turn This Club Around\" with the further hit \"Animal\" from the album. Tony T. left the R.I.O. project in 2012 to launch a solo career. His first solo releaser was \"Way to Rio\". He was featured","psg_id":"17545499"},{"title":"Back to the 80s (song)","text":"in 1980s rocker fashions. The video is presented in \"Aquascope\", returning to the Aquarium-era tradition. \"Back to the 80s\" debuted on 5 June 2009 at number one on both the Danish Singles Chart and Airplay Chart. It claimed the mark for most weekly plays on Danish radio with 585. In Norway it debuted at number 8 on the official Norwegian Singles Chart. The single spent six weeks at No. 1 in Denmark and peaked at No. 3 in Norway and at No. 25 in Sweden. Back to the 80s (song) \"Back to the 80s\" is a song by Norwegian/Danish band","psg_id":"13399726"},{"title":"Saunders T.1","text":"war time was spent building other companies' designs. The T.1 (T for Henry Haberfield Thomas, its designer) was the first all-Saunders aircraft, appearing in 1917. It was a single-engined two-seat biplane with single bay wings. These were unswept, carried no stagger and had parallel chord apart from the tips; notable was the large interplane gap and the large (6 ft 4 in, 1.93 m) overhang of the upper wing, wire braced from upward extensions of the interplane struts. It had unbalanced ailerons on the upper wing only. The most unusual feature of the aircraft, though no surprise given Saunders' previous","psg_id":"13289053"},{"title":"Confessions of an Economic Hit Man","text":"grandson of Teddy, who overthrew the government of Iran, a democratically elected government, Mossadegh’s government who was Time‘s magazine person of the year; and he was so successful at doing this without any bloodshed—well, there was a little bloodshed, but no military intervention, just spending millions of dollars and replaced Mossadegh with the Shah of Iran. At that point, we understood that this idea of economic hit man was an extremely good one. We didn’t have to worry about the threat of war with Russia when we did it this way. The problem with that was that Roosevelt was a","psg_id":"5884642"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"The track was also a hit in Canada, reaching No.11 on the hit parade for Toronto radio station CHUM, the country's most influential rock music broadcaster (national charts for Canada were not published during the chart run of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\"). A scout for English record producer George Martin discovered \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" when Warwick's version took off in the United States, suggesting to Martin that the song would be a strong UK single for Shirley Bassey. However, Martin saw the song as a vehicle for Cilla Black, the Liverpool vocalist whose star potential had yet","psg_id":"8026220"},{"title":"Now 80s","text":"Now 80s Now 80s is a British music television channel, focusing exclusively on playing music from the 1980s. The channel launched in its current form on 27 December 2016, initially as a temporary pop-up rebrand of NOW Music, previously a contemporary pop channel; the 80s format was subsequently made permanent. In October 2013, Greatest Hits TV was replaced with a channel based on the \"Now That's What I Call Music!\" compilation brand, marking the 30th anniversary year of the \"Now!\" series. The new channel played a mix of current/contemporary and classic pop hits, broadcasting strands such as \"Britain's Hit 40\".","psg_id":"20836874"},{"title":"Tom T. Hall","text":"Tom T. Hall Thomas T. Hall (born May 25, 1936 in Olive Hill, Kentucky) is an American country music songwriter, singer, instrumentalist, novelist, and short-story writer. He has written 12 No. 1 hit songs, with 26 more that reached the Top 10, including the No. 1 international pop crossover smash \"Harper Valley PTA\" and the hit \"I Love\", which reached No. 12 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. He became known to fans as \"The Storyteller,\" thanks to his storytelling skills in his songwriting. Hall was born in 1936. As a teenager, he organized a band called the Kentucky Travelers that","psg_id":"3168485"},{"title":"The Man Who Had No Idea","text":"others.\" John Clute, however, found it to be \"unaccountably genial and without formal bite\", such that its \"potentially formidable idea gradually declines into doodle\". In a 1984 interview, Disch described it as \"a story about what our social relationships are really like\" and \"a springboard to the subject of what do we talk about when we talk about anything. What are all these social interactions \"about\"? What is the \"subject\" of them?\" The Man Who Had No Idea \"The Man Who Had No Idea\" is a 1978 science fiction story by Thomas M. Disch. It was first published in \"The","psg_id":"20768169"},{"title":"Hit selection","text":"and SSMD* for cases without replicates. In a screen with replicates, we can directly estimate data variability for each compound, and thus we can use more powerful methods, such as SSMD for cases with replicates and t-statistic that does not rely on the strong assumption that the z-score and z*-score rely on. One issue with the use of t-statistic and associated p-values is that they are affected by both sample size and effect size . They come from testing for no mean difference, thus are not designed to measure the size of small molecule or siRNA effects. For hit selection,","psg_id":"15741422"},{"title":"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)","text":"to be realized despite her association with The Beatles, her recording of the Lennon-McCartney original \"Love of the Loved\" having been only a modest hit (No.35). Martin produced the session for Black's recording of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" at Abbey Road Studios; the arrangement was by Johnny Pearson and the session personnel included guitarists Vic Flick and Big Jim Sullivan and The Breakaways vocal group. Black's single of \"Anyone Who Had a Heart\" debuted at No.28 on the UK Top 50 dated 8 February 1964. The Dionne Warwick original, issued by Scepter's UK licensee Pye Records, debuted on the","psg_id":"8026221"},{"title":"T-80","text":"on the previous tanks of the T-80 line. This gas turbine can use jet fuels as well as diesel and low-octane gasoline and has good dynamic stability, service life, and reliability. The GTD-1250 has a built-in automatic system of dust deposits removal. It retains the T-80s high fuel consumption, which the Russian army found unacceptable during the Chechen conflicts. It is equipped with the 2A46 fire control system and a new turret. The T-80U is protected by a second generation of explosive reactive armour called \"Kontakt-5\", which can severely dissipate the penetrative capabilities of an APFSDS round, such as the","psg_id":"1612949"},{"title":"1 More Hit","text":"and tobacco use and addiction. The filmmaker updated the documentary in 2011 when it was picked up for digital release by Gravitas Ventures. It released digitally over 16.5 million homes. The doc had its ON DEMAND premiere in January 2012 and is available on DVD through Smart Girl Productions. All appearing as themselves. 1 More Hit 1 More Hit is a documentary film by Shauna Garr. It follows the life of hip hop producer J-Swift, formerly of The Pharcyde, from homelessness and crack addiction to his mission to win back his life and music career. 1 More Hit screened at","psg_id":"7783273"},{"title":"This Day We Fight!","text":"all three songs are classified as very difficult songs to play, requiring much skill with the series. A T-shirt was later released with the title of the song featured on it. \"Endgame\" was very well received, and some of said praise was directed to \"This Day We Fight!\". In a song by song review of the album, Terrybezer of \"Metal Hammer\" praised the song and remarked that \"lyrics inspired by \"Lord of the Rings\" and riffs inspired by fighting for your frigging life as a horde of hellbeasts bare down on you, this track is at once vintage and future","psg_id":"13795257"},{"title":"Jam Session with Feeling","text":"Jam Session with Feeling Jam Session with Feeling is the second descarga album recorded by Cuban bassist Cachao. Following the recording and release of \"Cuban Jam Sessions in Miniature\", which received critical and commercial acclaim, Cachao assembled a similar roster of musicians to record \"Jam Session with Feeling\" in Havana in 1958. The album was meant to be released by Maype, but due to the political events of the time, it was not released until 1962, in the United States, once Maype had relocated there. The title of the album is a reference to \"filin\" (feeling), the 1940s movement in","psg_id":"20396430"},{"title":"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll","text":"declared they were too small, and said he would just fetch the entire spring. The troll, not wanting to lose his spring, exchanged chores with him. When the porridge was made, they had an eating match, but the boy put more into his scrip than into his stomach, and when it was full, he cut a hole in it. The troll said he could eat no more. The boy suggested that he cut a hole in his stomach, which would let him eat as much as he liked, and it didn't hurt much. The troll did so, and died, and","psg_id":"8183016"},{"title":"Thor's Fight with the Giants","text":"became popular among contemporary nationalists. The art historian Per Hedström wrote in \"Dagens Nyheter\" in 1992 that the painting, which was no longer exhibited publicly, had become popular among skinheads. Hedström wrote that the dark jötnar could be interpreted as immigrants, and speculated that the swastika on Thor's belt might add further to the appeal. Hedström wrote: \"So can the meaning of an image shift from being a symbol for liberty and enlightenment to becoming a symbol for xenophobia and right-wing extremism. From being an image for an elite to becoming a cult image within a subculture.\" Thor's Fight with","psg_id":"19366120"},{"title":"Tobal No. 1","text":"by GUIDO, who later released their own 7-track remix disc, \"Tobal No. 1 Remixes Electrical Indian\". Tobal No. 1 Original Sound Track \"Tobal No. 1\" sold in excess of 650,000 copies in Japan the year it was released. The healthy sales are sometimes attributed to the inclusion of the \"Final Fantasy VII\" demo disc, a highly anticipated title at the time. The game is cited as a cult hit in North America, where it did not sell as well. The game received mostly positive reviews. A \"Next Generation\" critic said that it \"establishes itself as a major player in an","psg_id":"2212255"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"spent ten weeks on the chart. \"Feeling This\" received favorable reviews from music critics. Kelefa Sanneh, writing for \"The New York Times\" felt the song was an \"appealing hybrid,\" while noting the growing popularity of emo could have influenced the \"more anguished\" tone. Greg Kot of \"Entertainment Weekly\" praised the vocal harmonies, calling them reminiscent of Queen. Joshua Klein of \"The Washington Post\" similarly complimented the interplay between DeLonge and Hoppus and its \"multiple-perspective portrait of first love.\" Andy Doerschuk of \"Drum!\" praised Barker's \"fat, syncopated beat\" and noted elements of Bonham as well as James Brown's drummers. \"Rolling Stone\"","psg_id":"3652794"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"before dropping to number three, after which it continued dropping before exiting the top 20 on February 21, 2004. In total, it spent nine weeks on the chart. It spent eight weeks on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles, which acts as an extension to the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 chart; it peaked at number two on December 20, 2003. In the United Kingdom, \"Feeling This\" debuted at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart for the week ending date November 30, 2003. It dropped to number 35 the following week before exiting the chart on December 28; in all, it","psg_id":"3652793"},{"title":"Feeling This","text":"contains elements of spoken word in the verses and a Latin-inspired backbeat in the chorus, and the song ends in a melodic, harmonized duet split between DeLonge and Hoppus. Elements of the song were inspired by rock groups Led Zeppelin and the Beach Boys. The song's music video, photographed by David LaChapelle, depicts a dystopian correctional facility that is overtaken by its inmates. An early version of the song, erroneously titled \"Action\", was released on the soundtrack for the video game \"Madden NFL 2004\". \"Feeling This\" received critical acclaim and the song peaked to number two on \"Billboard\" Modern Rock","psg_id":"3652782"},{"title":"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)","text":"released by Capitol Records as catalog number 1131. The record reached the Billboard magazine charts on September 2, 1950 and lasted 13 weeks on the charts, also peaking at number five. Other versions that appeared on the singles chart: Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!) \"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\" is a popular song written by Bennie Benjamin and George David Weiss and published in 1950. The biggest hit version of the song was recorded by the Ames Brothers. The recording was made on May 17, 1950, and released by Coral Records as catalog number 60253. The record first","psg_id":"5281303"},{"title":"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)","text":"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!) \"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\" is a popular song written by Bennie Benjamin and George David Weiss and published in 1950. The biggest hit version of the song was recorded by the Ames Brothers. The recording was made on May 17, 1950, and released by Coral Records as catalog number 60253. The record first reached the \"Billboard\" charts on August 4, 1950, and lasted 19 weeks on the chart, peaking at number five. Another version which made the chart was by Ray Anthony's orchestra (vocal: Ronnie Deauville and The Skyliners). The recording was","psg_id":"5281302"},{"title":"'80s on 8","text":"'80s on 8 '80s on 8 (also known as The Big '80s on 8) is a commercial-free, satellite radio station on Sirius XM Radio channel 8 and also Dish Network 6008. As a result of the Sirius/XM merger on November 12, 2008, the channel was merged with the Big '80s channel on Sirius 8, and took its current name. The channel plays hit music from the 1980s. The channel was created in 2000/2001 and programmed by Bruce Kelly, a veteran radio program director and morning drive/afternoon personality. Kelly's morning show was one of XM's highest rated programs. Kelly remained through","psg_id":"7898454"},{"title":"Minnesota Fight","text":"RAH! <br> The old fight gang! On your marks—Slam! Bang! <br> Hit 'em hard and hit 'em low! <br> So Fight! Minnesota, Fight <br> Minnesota! Come on! Let's go! Minnesota Fight \"Minnesota Fight\" is one of several school songs of the University of Minnesota. Responding to a 1925 contest to find an additional fight song for the school, University graduate Truman E. Rickard entered a piece entitled \"Minnesota! Let's Go!\". Rickard shared the contest's hundred-dollar prize with another entry, Marion Bassett's \"Our Minnesota\". Rickard's fight song can still be heard at Minnesota Golden Gopher athletic events, but is now known","psg_id":"8716388"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song)\",\n \"text\": \"Madonna to complete this song. The single was released in Australia on 26 March 2011. </div> Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song) \\\"Can't Fight this Feeling\\\" is a song written by Junior Caldera, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Roselyn Della Sabina, and produced by Junior Caldera for his first album, \\\"Début\\\", released in 2009. It was released as the album's fourth single in February 2010. It was also the second single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, \\\"Make A Scene\\\". The single was released in France prior to the release of Ellis-Bextor following single, \\\"Bittersweet\\\". The video for the song was shot\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14223584\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"version of the song had been released previously as part of the soundtrack for the video game \\\"Madden NFL 2004\\\" under the erroneous title \\\"Action\\\". Barker explained in an interview that \\\"'Action' just sounded kind of dorky to us. Like we would always call it 'Feeling This' and then someone at our label, I think, like wrote it as 'Action' one time and sent out singles to people. And it was always supposed to be 'Feeling This'.\\\" To promote \\\"Blink-182\\\", the group performed \\\"Feeling This\\\", as well as their past hit \\\"Dammit\\\" on \\\"Total Request Live\\\" on November 11, 2003,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652791\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song)\",\n \"text\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song) \\\"Can't Fight this Feeling\\\" is a song written by Junior Caldera, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Roselyn Della Sabina, and produced by Junior Caldera for his first album, \\\"Début\\\", released in 2009. It was released as the album's fourth single in February 2010. It was also the second single from Ellis-Bextor's fourth studio album, \\\"Make A Scene\\\". The single was released in France prior to the release of Ellis-Bextor following single, \\\"Bittersweet\\\". The video for the song was shot in Paris on 10 March 2010. It was believed that Roselyn Della Sabina stopped writing for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14223583\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"No Census, No Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"them, and the Stooges run out of the stadium. \\\"No Census, No Feeling\\\" was filmed on May 25–29, 1940. The film title is a parody on the expression \\\"No sense, no feeling\\\". Curly confuses \\\"census\\\" for \\\"the censor\\\", thinking he is working for Will H. Hays. In one scene, Curly believes that it is Independence Day in October, claiming that \\\"you never can tell; look what they did to Thanksgiving!\\\". This is a reference to an event in 1939 when Franklin Roosevelt moved Thanksgiving to an earlier Thursday in November to lengthen the Christmas shopping season. This act angered many\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11223683\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling Yes, Feeling No\",\n \"text\": \"as a control group. The study found that the children who went through the program had greater knowledge about sexual assault than the control children, and that the children who went through the program were slightly better than the control children at distinguishing between safe and unsafe situations. Feeling Yes, Feeling No Feeling Yes, Feeling No (French: Mon corps, c'est mon corps) is a film series produced and distributed by the National Film Board of Canada to teach children between the ages of six and twelve to avoid being sexually assaulted by people they trust, family members, and strangers. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18880378\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"This Happy Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"This Happy Feeling This Happy Feeling is a 1958 film by Blake Edwards adapted from the F. Hugh Herbert play \\\"For Love or Money\\\". Edwards regretted Universal-International's eleventh hour decision of a name change, but the studio was hoping to trade off another pop hit by Debbie Reynolds as they had with \\\"Tammy and the Bachelor\\\". Reynolds stars, along with John Saxon, Curt Jurgens and veteran Hollywood actresses Alexis Smith and Mary Astor. Nita Holloway, a woman romantically involved with veteran actor Preston \\\"Mitch\\\" Mitchell, tries to persuade him to come out of retirement to appear in a Broadway play\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8001723\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"This Happy Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"realizes that Bill and Janet were meant for each other. He happily goes back to Nita, and is last seen on stage in the new Broadway play. This Happy Feeling This Happy Feeling is a 1958 film by Blake Edwards adapted from the F. Hugh Herbert play \\\"For Love or Money\\\". Edwards regretted Universal-International's eleventh hour decision of a name change, but the studio was hoping to trade off another pop hit by Debbie Reynolds as they had with \\\"Tammy and the Bachelor\\\". Reynolds stars, along with John Saxon, Curt Jurgens and veteran Hollywood actresses Alexis Smith and Mary Astor.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8001726\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"Tracks chart in late 2003. It was also a top 20 hit in the United Kingdom and Australia. The digital single was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 2005. Blink-182 has performed \\\"Feeling This\\\" in a number of live appearances, including on \\\"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\\\". \\\"Feeling This\\\" was the first track that was recorded for \\\"Blink-182\\\" in early 2003. On the first day of pre-production on the album, bassist Mark Hoppus asked an engineer to explain Pro Tools to him, as it was the first time the band would record their music digitally. He began recording\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652783\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Who Can It Be Now?\",\n \"text\": \"the single, by then well over a year old, went on to hit No. 1 in the US in October 1982. \\\"Who Can It Be Now?\\\" was also a modest hit in the UK, reaching No. 45. As one of the Men at Work's biggest hits, it was featured on their later compilation albums, and a live version can be found on \\\"Brazil\\\". The song remains a popular symbol of new wave music and has been featured on numerous 1980s compilations. The band performed both this song and \\\"Down Under\\\" live on \\\"Saturday Night Live\\\" on 23 October 1982. Around\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9335627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Human T-lymphotropic virus 1\",\n \"text\": \"with both viruses. Allogenic bone marrow transplantation has been investigated in the treatment of HTLV-1 disease with varied results. One case report describes an HTLV-1 infected woman who developed chronic refractory eczema, corneal injury and adult T cell leukemia. She was subsequently treated with allogenic stem cell transplantation and had complete resolution of symptoms. One year post-transplant, she has had no recurrence of any symptoms, and furthermore has had a decrease in her proviral load. Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2415035\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling Yes, Feeling No\",\n \"text\": \"Feeling Yes, Feeling No Feeling Yes, Feeling No (French: Mon corps, c'est mon corps) is a film series produced and distributed by the National Film Board of Canada to teach children between the ages of six and twelve to avoid being sexually assaulted by people they trust, family members, and strangers. The films consist of recordings of a play that began development in 1980 in Vancouver, British Columbia by Green Thumb Theatre. Dennis Foon, Wendy Van Reisen, and Fran Gebhard finished writing the play in 1982. Initially performed in workshops with children, the play was very successful. The filmed version\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18880376\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight for This Love\",\n \"text\": \"being worried that Cheryl would not be able to cope going solo. She said \\\"Whilst it does sound just a little bit Girls Aloud-y, we still love it, and can see it being a huge hit on the club circuit up and down the country ... we think this is going to send her well on her way to global superstardom.\\\" Popjustice also liked the song saying \\\"'Fight For This Love' is very definitely not just a Girls Aloud single with one person singing it... its one of those songs you can have on repeat for an hour and a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13760802\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"How Can I Unlove You (album)\",\n \"text\": \"How Can I Unlove You (album) How Can I Unlove You is an album by Country music singer Lynn Anderson, released in 1971 (see 1971 in music). The album's title is derived from Anderson's No. 1 hit single late that year, \\\"How Can I Unlove You\\\". Written by Joe South (who had previously written her 1970 No. 1 Country and Pop hit, \\\"(I Never Promised You A) Rose Garden\\\", the song also reached No. 63 on the Pop music charts and No. 30 on the Adult Contemporary charts, and was Anderson's third No. 1 hit. This album includes covers of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11030552\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What is this Feeling?\",\n \"text\": \"What is this Feeling? \\\"What is this Feeling?\\\" is a song from the hit musical \\\"Wicked\\\". It is sung between Elphaba, Galinda (later Glinda), and the students at Shiz University, expressing their loathing for each other's contrasting personalities as newly-assigned roommates. The song is performed towards the beginning of the first act. It opens with the two girls, Galinda and Elphaba, writing letters home to their parents in order to complain about their new rooming situation at Shiz University, brought about by Madame Morrible. During the song, Galinda and Elphaba graphically detail their mutual and \\\"unadulterated loathing\\\" toward one another.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14382816\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight with Tools\",\n \"text\": \"Fight with Tools Fight with Tools is the debut album by Flobots originally released in October 2007 and re-released on May 20, 2008. The album was recorded in 2007 around the band's home state of Colorado. \\\"Fight with Tools\\\" received a mildly positive reception from critics who praised the production and serious subject matter. The album features the single \\\"Handlebars\\\" which became a popular hit on Modern Rock radio the following April, also becoming a popular hit in the UK (#14), New Zealand (#26) and Canada (#63). The album also features the single \\\"Rise\\\" which also became a popular hit\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11895211\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Who Can It Be Now?\",\n \"text\": \"Who Can It Be Now? \\\"Who Can It Be Now?\\\" is a song recorded by Australian band Men at Work. It was first released as a single in Australia in June 1981, prior to the recording of their 1981 debut album \\\"Business as Usual\\\", on which the track was later included. \\\"Who Can It Be Now?\\\" reached No. 2 on the Australian singles chart in August that year, and also hit No. 45 in New Zealand. Released in Canada in early 1982, the track peaked at No. 8 in late July. This spurred an American release of the song, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9335626\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"the liner notes for \\\"Blink-182\\\", DeLonge stated that the recording was done in a living room at the home previously mentioned, with microphones away. The end of the song is a melodic duet between the band's two vocalists, both singing conflicting but harmonizing parts. Blink-182 first performed \\\"Feeling This\\\" alongside other new songs from \\\"Blink-182\\\" during their performances at the 2003 Reading and Leeds festivals. The band picked \\\"Feeling This\\\" as the first single because they felt it representative of the transition they had undergone since their fourth studio album, \\\"Take Off Your Pants and Jacket\\\" (2001). A slightly different\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652790\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"No Census, No Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"No Census, No Feeling No Census, No Feeling (1940) is the 50th short film released by Columbia Pictures starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959. The Stooges are caught sleeping in a closed awning situated over a store. A brief argument among the trio results in Curly casually tossing a pot over his shoulder, breaking several dishes. The shopkeeper (Max Davidson) becomes irate, calls the police and chases the Stooges for vandalizing his store, who quickly dash into a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11223679\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Big '80s\",\n \"text\": \"Big '80s Big '80s was an all 1980s music channel on Sirius Satellite Radio channel 8 and Dish Network channel 6008. It was replaced by XM's The 80s on 8 on November 12, 2008, as part of the Sirius XM Merger. It featured all four living original MTV VJs who are now on The 80s on 8 channel. Big '80s was SIRIUS's highest rated music channel during its early days. Nina Blackwood's countdown show was dropped and replaced by \\\"AT40 Flashback\\\" (which had always been broadcast on '80s On 8) when Sirius XM replaced this channel with '80s on 8.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8643473\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"and on the late-night talk show \\\"Jimmy Kimmel Live!\\\" in November 26, 2003. Richard Cheese covered the song on their 2004 album \\\"I'd Like a Virgin\\\". \\\"Feeling This\\\" debuted at number 40 on \\\"Billboard\\\" Modern Rock Tracks chart on October 18, 2003, jumping to number 13 in its second week, which was at that time the fourth-biggest move in the history of that chart. The song moved upwards on the chart over the following weeks, eventually achieving a peak of number two (behind Linkin Park's hit \\\"Numb\\\") on November 29, 2003. It remained at number two for two more weeks\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652792\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"mix of the song, the engineer automated the music to fade at the song's conclusion, but mistakenly forgot to do the same for the vocal tracks. Hoppus, who had been listening to the Beach Boys at the time, liked the a cappella interplay of their voices. All agreed to keep it in the final version of the song. The song is composed in the key of E major and is set in time signature of common time with a tempo of 173 beats per minute. The vocal range spans from E3 to B4. \\\"Feeling This\\\" opens with flanged drums. Although\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652787\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"No Census, No Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Republicans and, after some time, the holiday ended up moving to the fourth Thursday of November which just happens to be on the last Thursday of November most years. In 1940 and 1941, the holiday was on the third Thursday of November. A colorized version of this film was released in the 2004 DVD collection entitled \\\"Stooged & Confoosed.\\\" No Census, No Feeling No Census, No Feeling (1940) is the 50th short film released by Columbia Pictures starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). The comedians released 190 short films for the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11223684\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight with Tools\",\n \"text\": \"Tools\\\" booklet. Fight with Tools Fight with Tools is the debut album by Flobots originally released in October 2007 and re-released on May 20, 2008. The album was recorded in 2007 around the band's home state of Colorado. \\\"Fight with Tools\\\" received a mildly positive reception from critics who praised the production and serious subject matter. The album features the single \\\"Handlebars\\\" which became a popular hit on Modern Rock radio the following April, also becoming a popular hit in the UK (#14), New Zealand (#26) and Canada (#63). The album also features the single \\\"Rise\\\" which also became a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11895215\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"sung the standard lyric in live performance. Also, arranger Johnny Pearson utilized a bassoon solo for the instrumental break in Black's version as opposed to the saxophone utilized in the Warwick original. Cilla Black, interviewed for that \\\"Great Performances\\\" telecast, expressed her awareness of Warwick's disenchantment: \\\"It was a No.1; Dionne was dead choked and she's never forgiven me to this day.\\\" It was in fact Burt Bacharach himself who backed Cilla to record this song for a British release, after Dionne Warwick had a hit in America with it. \\\"At one point it looked as if Shirley Bassey would\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026225\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kids Can Say No!\",\n \"text\": \"proper and improper physical intimacy, which he calls \\\"yes\\\" and \\\"no\\\" feelings; a parent's hug is given as an example of a \\\"yes\\\" feeling. In vox populi segments, children give other examples of \\\"yes\\\" and \\\"no\\\" feelings; one child says that being tickled by his father is a \\\"yes\\\" feeling, and another says that being squeezed hard is a \\\"no\\\" feeling. Harris leads the children in a chant of \\\"Go away!\\\" as an exercise in how to respond to \\\"no\\\" feelings. He teaches the children about stranger danger, and that adults they know can also be a threat. The film\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18856173\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Blues with a Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Blues with a Feeling \\\"Blues with a Feeling\\\" is a blues song written and first recorded by Rabon Tarrant with Jack McVea and His All Stars in 1947, as the B-side of \\\"Slowly Goin' Crazy Blues\\\". Although the original release was commercially unsuccessful, the song later became an important hit for Little Walter, with whom it is usually identified. Walter transformed the tune from Tarrant's jump blues-oriented style to a Chicago blues harmonica classic. It became an important piece for blues harp players and a variety of musicians have recorded their own renditions. Rabon Tarrant, a drummer with saxophone player\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14841984\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Absolute Radio 80s\",\n \"text\": \"Absolute Radio 80s Absolute 80s is a digital radio station in the United Kingdom catering for \\\"reluctant adults\\\" who want to reconnect with the tunes of their 1980s youth. Absolute 80s launched at 7.00pm on 4 December 2009, replacing Absolute Xtreme. The marketing plan for Absolute 80s started with targeted sampling at 80s events such as Madness, Pet Shop Boys and Depeche Mode at the O2 Arena, Erasure at the NEC Birmingham and Simple Minds at the Wembley Arena. The first track to play on the station was \\\"(You Gotta) Fight for Your Right (To Party!)\\\" by the Beastie Boys.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5853867\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"'80s on 8\",\n \"text\": \"far between, so the opportunity to see them all on the same bill, made for a fun and playful evening.\\\" The internet version can be biased toward dance pop or toward mainstream rock hits. '80s on 8 '80s on 8 (also known as The Big '80s on 8) is a commercial-free, satellite radio station on Sirius XM Radio channel 8 and also Dish Network 6008. As a result of the Sirius/XM merger on November 12, 2008, the channel was merged with the Big '80s channel on Sirius 8, and took its current name. The channel plays hit music from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7898459\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\",\n \"text\": \"night, the parson recognized her as his wife, and the housekeeper called him out to see how the roof had bloomed with flowers. The legend of \\\"Tannhäuser\\\" features the same growth as evidence of miraculous forgiveness. \\\"Die Frau ohne Schatten\\\" by Hugo von Hofmannsthal and Richard Strauss is loosely based on this tale. The Woman Who Had No Shadow \\\"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\\\" is a Scandinavian fairy tale, included by Sven Grundtvig in \\\"Gamle danske Minder i Folkemunde\\\" and Ella Ohlson in \\\"Sagor från Ångermanland\\\". It is Aarne-Thompson type 755, Sin and grace. A woman, wishing to have\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14822435\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"played the song in concert several times, although no recordings have been officially released. You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling \\\"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\\\", or \\\"Love with a Feeling\\\" as it was originally titled, is a blues song first recorded by Tampa Red in 1938. Numerous blues artists have interpreted and recorded the song, including Freddie King who had a number 92 \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 in 1961 with \\\"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\\\". Tampa Red recorded \\\"Love with a Feeling\\\" as a mid-tempo twelve-bar blues. Accompanying Red, who sang and played\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14839288\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Billboard\\\" reported that the sales tally for Black's \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" was nearing one million units. Internationally, Black's version also reached No.1 in Ireland, New Zealand and South Africa. In The Netherlands the song reached the No.6 position and in Australia it peaked at No.34. In May 2010, research published by BBC Radio 2 revealed that \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" by Cilla Black was the biggest female UK chart hit of the 1960s. Despite the international success and recognition of Warwick's original version, the besting in Great Britain by Black's version has long been a sore point\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026223\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"T(1) theorem\",\n \"text\": \"function satisfying certain conditions. Then the \\\"T\\\"(1) theorem states that \\\"T\\\" can be extended to a bounded operator on the Hilbert space \\\"L\\\"(R) if and only if the following conditions are satisfied: T(1) theorem In mathematics, the T(1) theorem, first proved by , describes when an operator \\\"T\\\" given by a kernel can be extended to a bounded linear operator on the Hilbert space \\\"L\\\"(R). The name \\\"T\\\"(1) theorem refers to a condition on the distribution \\\"T\\\"(1), given by the operator \\\"T\\\" applied to the function 1. Suppose that \\\"T\\\" is a continuous operator from Schwartz functions on R to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13891986\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight Back! with David Horowitz\",\n \"text\": \"second season of Consumer Buyline. In this segment, viewers would write in with various complaints about companies or customer service, while others would send in confusing and amusing signs, labels, or ads. Starting with the second season of \\\"Fight Back!\\\", if Horowitz challenged a viewer's commercial or used his/her letter on air, he'd send a \\\"Fight Back!\\\" T-shirt and a 45rpm record of the show's theme song. In some instances, the t-shirt would be substituted with a red button that read \\\"Don't Rip Me Off! I Fight Back with David Horowitz!\\\". Since wrapping production of \\\"Fight Back!\\\", David Horowitz has\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8207452\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Can't Fight This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"5, \\\"Simon Said\\\". Jo Harvelle turns this song on for Dean Winchester in Harvelle's Roadhouse. Later, he sings it in the car (claiming the song had stuck in his head to a very confused Sam Winchester). It was also featured in the \\\"South Park\\\" episode \\\"Miss Teacher Bangs a Boy\\\", and the musical \\\"Rock of Ages\\\". It was featured prominently in advertisements for the film, \\\"Horton Hears a Who!\\\", and sung by the major characters near the end of the film as the titular character celebrates his vindication and his charges' salvation. In 2013 it was used in the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6330531\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do)\",\n \"text\": \"on VH1's list of \\\"The 100 Greatest Songs of the '80s.\\\" According to Daryl Hall, during the recording of \\\"We Are the World\\\", Michael Jackson approached him and admitted to lifting the bass line for \\\"Billie Jean\\\" from a Hall & Oates song, apparently referring to \\\"I Can't Go for That (No Can Do).\\\" Hall says that he told Jackson that he had lifted the bass line from another song himself, and that it was \\\"something we all do.\\\" Van Halen would also do something similar by lifting the synthesizer used in \\\"Kiss On My List\\\" for their hit \\\"Jump\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8293858\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"Feeling This \\\"Feeling This\\\" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for their eponymously titled fifth studio album (2003). The song was released as the lead single from \\\"Blink-182\\\" on October 2, 2003 through Geffen Records. It was written by guitarist Tom DeLonge, bassist Mark Hoppus, and drummer Travis Barker, and was produced and mixed by Jerry Finn. The song originated on the first day of producing the album. Its lyrics are purely sexual in nature; the band attempted to juxtapose lust and passion between verses and choruses, thematically connected with a wistful, regretful tone. The song's composition\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652781\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\",\n \"text\": \"The Woman Who Had No Shadow \\\"The Woman Who Had No Shadow\\\" is a Scandinavian fairy tale, included by Sven Grundtvig in \\\"Gamle danske Minder i Folkemunde\\\" and Ella Ohlson in \\\"Sagor från Ångermanland\\\". It is Aarne-Thompson type 755, Sin and grace. A woman, wishing to have no children, threw rocks into a well at a witch's direction. Thereafter, she had no shadow. Her husband, the parson, demanded to know why and threw her out, saying that their slate roof would blossom with flowers before she was forgiven. One day, a beggar woman sought refuge there; she died in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14822434\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"artist, jewellery-maker, and portraitist Andrew Logan. Let This Feeling \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" is a 1993 Eurodance-single by Dutch TV host, singer and MTV VJ Simone Angel. The song is produced by Italian Eurodance act Cappella. It peaked at number 4 in Finland, number 8 in Israel, number 15 in Switzerland and number 17 in Austria. \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" also peaked at number 51 on the Eurochart Hot 100. The music video for \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" was directed by Scottish director Matthew Glamorre. It features Simone dancing in a silver flashing kaleidoscope thing and flying on a pegasus sculpture. The sculpture\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18993060\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Let This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Let This Feeling \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" is a 1993 Eurodance-single by Dutch TV host, singer and MTV VJ Simone Angel. The song is produced by Italian Eurodance act Cappella. It peaked at number 4 in Finland, number 8 in Israel, number 15 in Switzerland and number 17 in Austria. \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" also peaked at number 51 on the Eurochart Hot 100. The music video for \\\"Let This Feeling\\\" was directed by Scottish director Matthew Glamorre. It features Simone dancing in a silver flashing kaleidoscope thing and flying on a pegasus sculpture. The sculpture was made by English sculptor, performance\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18993059\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Symphony No. 1 (Rachmaninoff)\",\n \"text\": \"no doubt that the First Symphony is powerful and dramatic. It is influenced by Tchaikovsky's last symphonies, although this influence can only be seen in the feeling of anguish against relentless fate. The composer Robert Simpson regarded Rachmaninoff's First Symphony as much superior to the two that followed it, feeling that it had been created \\\"naturally and without strain\\\" on the whole and with all four of its movements \\\"thematically genuinely integrated.\\\" He also felt the symphony sidesteps what he called the \\\"lyrical inflation\\\" and \\\"forced climaxes\\\" of the Second Symphony and the piano concertos. Instead of this lyric inflation,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5883703\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\",\n \"text\": \"City in 1918. A top 20 song in 1918, the sheet music was repeatedly offered in a war edition with insets of the following performers Emma Carus, Flora Starr, Grace Wallace, and Rae Samuels. If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany! \\\"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\\\" is a World War I song from the perspective of a woman confident that her boyfriend will be a good soldier because he was a good lover. It became a hit after it was released by The Farber Sisters in 1918. The lyrics and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18150799\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\",\n \"text\": \"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany! \\\"If He Can Fight Like He Can Love, Good Night Germany!\\\" is a World War I song from the perspective of a woman confident that her boyfriend will be a good soldier because he was a good lover. It became a hit after it was released by The Farber Sisters in 1918. The lyrics and cover art are in the public domain. The song was composed by George W. Meyer, with words by Grant Clarke and Howard E. Rogers. It was published by Leo Feist Inc in New York\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18150798\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"T-80\",\n \"text\": \"battalion used 31 T-80s and lost 6 of them during three months of combat. The forces selected to capture Grozny were not prepared for such an operation, while the city was defended by, among others, veterans of the Soviet–Afghan War. The T-80 tanks used in this operation either did not have reactive armour (T-80B) or they were not fitted with explosive inserts before the start of the operation (T-80BV), and the T-80 crews lacked sufficient training before the war. The inexperienced crews had no knowledge of the layout of the city, while the tanks were attacked by RPG teams hidden\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1612964\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Lose This Feeling\\\" and Madonna's 1985 single \\\"Into the Groove\\\" was also issued. Inspired by the many bootleg recordings being made in the UK, Minogue sent Madonna a copy of the mashup for her legal approval. Madonna, an artist who rarely approves of others using her music, called it \\\"brilliant\\\". Minogue described Madonna's approval as \\\"the biggest, most amazing thing\\\". The music video for \\\"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\\\" was directed by Phil Griffin and filmed in 2003. The video begins with Minogue sitting and dancing on the porch of a colourfully lit beach house. She is then shown sitting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7015646\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Black's versions of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" were released as singles: Warwick's version rose as high as No.11 while Black's peak was No.34. Warwick had the hit with \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in Belgium (Flemish Region), the Netherlands and South Africa, reaching No.4 in each territory. Petula Clark was on the roster of Pye Records, Warwick's UK label, and therefore in a position to almost immediately cover \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \\\"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\\\" in the spring of 1964 then\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026230\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"'80s on 8\",\n \"text\": \"somehow reminiscent of that channel. On April 26, 2017, it was announced that SiriusXM's '80s on 8 would be presenting the Replay America Tour, offering hits from the 80s. The lineup included the following pop stars from the 80s, who mostly played their best known songs: The tour dates and locations were as follows: A review of the final show reported that the tour \\\"fulfilled its purpose of taking fans back to seemingly more simple times, with the hit songs they grew up with, and a party-like atmosphere. The chance to see some of these acts might be few and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7898458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Perry Beadle T.1\",\n \"text\": \"the more powerful T.2. The T.1 and T.2 are the only Perry Beadle types known to have flown. The T.1 was a biplane with wings of equal span, constant chord and no stagger or sweep. It had an essentially two bay wing structure, though a third set of simple parallel interplane struts on each wing, close to the fuselage, took the place of cabane struts. Parallel chord ailerons were fitted only to the upper wing. The fuselage was mounted between the wings, with gaps both above and below; the interplane gap was wide at about 5 ft 9 in (1.75\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15249159\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"a peak achieved of No.37 in May 1964, marking Warwick's sole German chart entry until 1982's \\\"Heartbreaker\\\" and Black's sole German charting ever. The orchestra on Petula Clark's versions of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" was conducted by Tony Hatch. The instrumentation of Clark differs from that of the versions by Dionne Warwick and Cilla Black in utilizing an organ for the solo on the instrumental break rather than a saxophone as on the Warwick original or a bassoon as on Black's cover. Petula Clark has never recorded \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in English, feeling that both Dionne Warwick\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026232\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Blues with a Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Jack McVea's band, wrote \\\"Blues with a Feeling\\\" and also provided the vocals. The song was performed as a mid-tempo twelve-bar jump blues that features sax and trumpet soloing over a strong backbeat. The opening verses reflect on lost love: In its \\\"Advance Record Releases\\\" column, \\\"Billboard\\\" describes the single on Black & White Records as \\\"slowly goin'\\\". The notice appears on May 10, 1947, about one month after McVea's number two hit \\\"Open the Door Richard\\\" exited the chart. However, \\\"Blues with a Feeling\\\" did not reach the chart. Little Walter follows much of McVea's verses and arrangement, however,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14841985\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Can't Keep this Feeling In\",\n \"text\": \"Can't Keep this Feeling In \\\"Can't Keep this Feeling In\\\" was the lead single from Cliff Richard's 1998 album \\\"Real as I Wanna Be\\\", released a week prior to the album. It peaked on debut at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart. Richard was complaining about his deliberate exclusion from airplay on UK radio stations (not including BBC Radio 2). So a ruse was concocted in an attempt to circumvent prejudice that had increasingly led to Richard's exclusion. Richard picked the song because as he says \\\"it was a slow, black rhythm and blues style and had a lot\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20258816\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Once More, with Feeling!\",\n \"text\": \"More, With Feeling\\\" which was adapted for this film, opened on Broadway on 21 October 1958 at the National Theatre, in a production directed by George Axelrod and designed by George Jenkins, and starring Joseph Cotten, Arlene Francis, and Walter Matthau, who was nominated for a Tony Award as Best featured actor. The play ran for 263 performances. The film was Kay Kendall's last. She died of leukemia on 6 September 1959, prior to the film's release. Once More, with Feeling! Once More, with Feeling! is a 1960 British comedy film starring Yul Brynner and Kay Kendall and directed and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9193261\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"love.\\\" In the narrative, the boys and girls are separated at the school and sexually repressed, and release their energies when they meet between a glass window. The clip was shot at the abandoned Lincoln Heights Jail north of downtown Los Angeles. All songs written and composed by Tom DeLonge, Mark Hoppus and Travis Barker, except where noted. Credits adapted from the liner notes of \\\"Blink-182\\\", Geffen Records. Feeling This \\\"Feeling This\\\" is a song recorded by American rock band Blink-182 for their eponymously titled fifth studio album (2003). The song was released as the lead single from \\\"Blink-182\\\" on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652797\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"T(1) theorem\",\n \"text\": \"T(1) theorem In mathematics, the T(1) theorem, first proved by , describes when an operator \\\"T\\\" given by a kernel can be extended to a bounded linear operator on the Hilbert space \\\"L\\\"(R). The name \\\"T\\\"(1) theorem refers to a condition on the distribution \\\"T\\\"(1), given by the operator \\\"T\\\" applied to the function 1. Suppose that \\\"T\\\" is a continuous operator from Schwartz functions on R to tempered distributions, so that \\\"T\\\" is given by a kernel \\\"K\\\" which is a distribution. Assume that the kernel is standard, which means that off the diagonal it is given by a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13891985\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Man Who Had No Idea\",\n \"text\": \"The Man Who Had No Idea \\\"The Man Who Had No Idea\\\" is a 1978 science fiction story by Thomas M. Disch. It was first published in \\\"The Magazine of Fantasy and Science Fiction\\\". In a world where licenses are required in order to participate in conversation, Barry Riordan risks failing his exam because he cannot think of anything original. \\\"The Man Who Had No Idea\\\" was a finalist for the 1979 Hugo Award for Best Novelette John Sladek considered it to depict \\\"delightful problems\\\". \\\"Kirkus Reviews\\\" noted that it \\\"say(s) a great deal about our expectations of ourselves and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20768168\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Arabian Fight\",\n \"text\": \"the far back of the screen and give a feeling of perspective. The game also makes use of the foreground, something rarely done at this time, as characters perform special attacks very close to the screen, some so close that only their torso and head will fit; likewise enemies can jump from the foreground to fight (characters cannot be hit while in these animations). The corrupt Sheikh Sazabiss has abducted Princess Lurana, and he is utilizing every unscrupulous means of power he has at his disposal to achieve his ultimate ambition of conquering the world. The quartet of valiant and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8091368\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"No. 1 Flying Training School RAF\",\n \"text\": \"25 February 1948. Aircraft flown in this period were the de Havilland Tiger Moth and the North American Harvard. RAF Oakington saw the fifth incarnation of 1 FTS, when it was reformed once again on 1 December 1950 with the North American Harvard T.2B. On 31 October 1951 the school had completely moved to RAF Moreton-in-Marsh and had been given Percival Prentice T.1s, but disbanded again on 20 April 1955. On 1 May 1955 No. 22 Flying Training School RAF (22 FTS) at RAF Syerston was renamed to 1 FTS. It flew the Percival Provost T.1, de Havilland Canada DHC-1\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11089001\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"T-80\",\n \"text\": \"a muzzle referencing system, and an auxiliary power unit. In 1999 a new variant, T-84, appeared. This modification got many improvements, including deeper sideskirts, modified reactive armour, a small reference radar antenna near the gunner's hatch (used to track rounds and compensate for barrel wear), and a large armoured box for an auxiliary power unit at the rear of the right fender. Unlike Russia, Ukraine has had much better success selling T-80s (but not T-84s) to foreign customers. Cyprus bought a number of T-80s for its small army. Pakistan, countering India's adoption of the Russian T-90, bought Ukrainian T-80UDs for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1612956\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"How Can I Unlove You\",\n \"text\": \"charts, the same position as her previous No. 1 country hit, \\\"You're My Man\\\". \\\"How Can I Unlove You\\\" was written by Joe South, who had also written \\\"(I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden\\\". The song was produced by Anderson's husband at the time, Glenn Sutton, who had also produced \\\"(I Never Promised You a) Rose Garden\\\". A Bluegrass version of the song was recorded by Anderson for her Grammy-nominated 2004 album, \\\"The Bluegrass Sessions\\\". How Can I Unlove You \\\"How Can I Unlove You\\\" is the name of a No. 1 country hit by country music singer Lynn\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9350797\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight the Power (Part 1 & 2)\",\n \"text\": \"said the word, Ron simply replied, \\\"because it needed to be said\\\" and \\\"it's what people want to hear.\\\" The song reflected a negative opinion of authority figures, a feeling shared by all the band members, which can explain the intensified vocalizing by Ron, Rudy, and Kelly. Later, the trio added in the background chant, \\\"fight it!\\\" to merge in with the brothers' vocal ad-libbing near the end. Though the track had a unison lead style, onstage during performances, Ron Isley would sing the majority of the song with his older brothers chipping in during some parts. As was with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5251523\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma\",\n \"text\": \"or standard first-line chemotherapy that works for the majority of AITL patients. There are several clinical trials that offer treatment options that can fight the disease. Stem cell transplantation is the treatment of choice, with the allogeneic one being the preference because AITL tends to recur after autologous transplants. The typical patient with angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is either middle-aged or elderly, and no gender preference for this disease has been observed. AITL comprises 15–20% of peripheral T-cell lymphomas and 1–2% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL, sometimes misspelled AILT) (formerly known as \\\"angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10192227\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling \\\"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\\\", or \\\"Love with a Feeling\\\" as it was originally titled, is a blues song first recorded by Tampa Red in 1938. Numerous blues artists have interpreted and recorded the song, including Freddie King who had a number 92 \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 in 1961 with \\\"You've Got to Love Her with a Feeling\\\". Tampa Red recorded \\\"Love with a Feeling\\\" as a mid-tempo twelve-bar blues. Accompanying Red, who sang and played slide guitar, were Black Bob Hudson on piano and an unknown bass player. Although\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14839283\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kids Can Say No!\",\n \"text\": \"The film has four role-playing scenes in which children encounter paedophiles, with Harris and the children discussing each scene. Harris said that he came up with the idea for the film on a 1982 Canadian tour when he saw Vancouver's Green Thumb Theatre production of \\\"Feeling Yes, Feeling No\\\", a play about child sexual abuse. \\\"Kids Can Say No!\\\", released in October 1985 on VHS in the United Kingdom, was the first British children's film about sexual abuse and was purchased by police forces, educational institutions, and libraries across Europe. Upon the film's release, \\\"The Times\\\" obtained opinions from four\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18856169\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll\",\n \"text\": \"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll () is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. The troll is, as commonly depicted, not very intelligent and has poor vision, while the boy is clever, outwitting the troll to win an eating contest. A farmer sent his sons to cut wood in a forest he owned, to pay off debts. A troll threatened them as they came, one by one; the two older ones allowed themselves to be chased off, but the youngest son (known in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8183014\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Big '80s\",\n \"text\": \"However due to subscriber demand, Sirius/XM overhauled many of the channels absorbed by the XM line-up due to subscriber feedback. 80s on 8 was one of those channels, resulting in the return of Nina Blackwood's countdown in October 2009, and the Big '80s name has returned as the slogan for '80s on 8. However, this version includes the other VJs and is named the \\\"VJ big 40 countdown\\\". By 2010, the schedule had returned to that of the Big '80s. Big '80s Big '80s was an all 1980s music channel on Sirius Satellite Radio channel 8 and Dish Network channel\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8643474\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll\",\n \"text\": \"the boy took his gold and silver and paid off the family debt. The story was adapted into a 1967 puppet animation directed by Ivo Caprino, titled \\\"Gutten som kappåt med trollet\\\". The film credits Peter Christen Asbjørnsen as having collected the tale, despite \\\"Norwegian Folktales\\\" attributing it to Jørgen Moe. The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll () is a Norwegian fairy tale collected by Asbjørnsen and Moe. The troll is, as commonly depicted, not very intelligent and has poor vision, while the boy is clever,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8183017\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What is this Feeling?\",\n \"text\": \"and new?/I felt the moment I laid eyes on you/My pulse is rushing/My head is reeling/My face is flushing/What is this feeling?/Fervid as a flame/Does it have a name?\\\"). The irony comes in when phrases traditionally used for love songs are revealed to be expressing hate. When Galinda and Elphaba describe each other, Galinda complains about Elphaba being \\\"utterly impossible to describe\\\", while Elphaba simply calls Galinda \\\"blonde\\\". At the end of the song, Elphaba scares Galinda, by saying \\\"Boo\\\", with Galinda letting out a high-pitched squeal. What is this Feeling? \\\"What is this Feeling?\\\" is a song from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14382819\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Shaadi No. 1\",\n \"text\": \"falls onto a cement packet. Injured, Veer, Raj and Aryan apologize to Lucky Bhai as he feels awkward about saving people but has trust in them. \\\"Garam Masala\\\" was released at the same time as \\\"Shaadi No. 1\\\" and \\\"Kyon Ki\\\". During the filming of \\\"Shaadi No. 1\\\", Riya Sen was hit by a motorbike and supposedly had a near death experience. Shaadi No. 1 Shaadi No. 1 (Translation: \\\"Marriage No. 1\\\") is an Indian comedy film released in November 2005. The film, directed by David Dhawan, stars Fardeen Khan, Zayed Khan, Sharman Joshi, Ayesha Takia, Esha Deol, Soha Ali\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6705281\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cocaine 80s\",\n \"text\": \"Cocaine 80s Cocaine 80s is an American hip hop collective founded in 2011, by record producer No I.D.. With James Fauntleroy serving as lead singer on each song, the group has collectively released four full-length projects: \\\"The Pursuit EP\\\" (2011), \\\"Ghost Lady EP\\\" (2011), \\\"Express OG EP\\\" (2012) and \\\"The Flower of Life\\\" (2013). On June 22, 2011, an extended play (EP) titled \\\"Cocaine 80s: The Pursuit\\\", surfaced online. \\\"The Pursuit\\\" EP features vocals from Steve Wyreman, Rob Kinelski, Kevin Randolph, James Fauntleroy, Makeba Riddick and more. On October 21, 2011, another EP was released, titled \\\"Cocaine 80s: Ghost Lady\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17033829\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"around 950,000 copies. Petula Clark also recorded \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" in several foreign language versions for the international market. Clark reached No.7 in France with \\\"Ceux Qui Ont Un Coeur\\\" in the spring of 1964, then No.5 in Italy with \\\"Quelli che hanno un cuore\\\" that September. In October 1964, Clark reached No.1 in Spain - for a two-week period - with \\\"Tú no tienes corazón\\\". \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" was presented to Dionne Warwick in unfinished form while she, Burt Bacharach and Hal David were rehearsing in Bacharach's Manhattan apartment for an upcoming recording session. Bacharach\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026216\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"chart for the following week at No.42; by then Black's version had reached No.10, ascending in the subsequent two weeks to No.2 and then No.1, while Warwick's version concurrently ended its chart run with two weeks at No.47. On the chart dated 29 February 1964, besides Black's \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" at No.1 for the first of three weeks and Warwick's version in its final chart week at No.47, the UK Top 50 featured a third version of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" as the version by Mary May made its one-week appearance at No.49. On 25 April 1964,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026222\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Wanna Lose This Feeling\\\". UK CD single 12-inch single Australian CD single Official remixes The following people contributed to \\\"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\\\": Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling \\\"Don't Wanna Lose This Feeling\\\" is a song recorded by Australian singer Dannii Minogue for her 2003 album \\\"Neon Nights\\\". It was written by the singer with Bruno Alexandre, Matthieu Joly, Terry Ronald, Madonna, Stephen Bray, James Theochari and Camille Troillard. The song was released as the album's fourth single in June 2003, reaching number five in the United Kingdom and the top 40 in Australia, Walloon Belgium, France, Ireland, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7015649\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Fight for This Love\",\n \"text\": \"was relaxing in comparison. We made the video in London, with a lot of focus on fashion and dance, with very tough choreography, before putting it all together in Los Angeles afterwards. I have a strong feeling that this will be a #1 for Cheryl in England!\\\" The video starts off with Cheryl in a simple white vest, and biker gloves, accompanied with an entourage of female dancers dressed in black. Various scenes throughout the video include Cheryl in silk leopard print bottoms, an all black outfit with silver sparks coming out from both sides of her top, standing in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13760809\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Such a Good Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Such a Good Feeling \\\"Such A Good Feeling\\\" is a song by English electronic music trio Brothers In Rhythm. It sampled Charvoni's \\\"Always There\\\" which itself is a cover of a Side Effect song from 1976, however was a bigger hit for Incognito feat. Jocelyn Brown in 1991. The original lyrics for \\\"Always There\\\", written by Paul B Allen III, were sampled, and different music was sampled by Brothers in Rhythm to play underneath those vocalized lyrics. Upon its first release it reached No. 64 on the UK Singles Chart & No. 1 on the US Hot Dance Music/Club Play\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19779832\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tony T.\",\n \"text\": \"by \\\"When the Sun Comes Down\\\", \\\"Hot Girl\\\", \\\"Like I Love You\\\" and \\\"Miss Sunshine\\\". But R.I.O.'s hit \\\"Turn This Club Around\\\" featuring the vocals of U-Jean proved to be an international success reaching No. 5 in Austria, No. 3 in Germany, No. 1 in Switzerland also charting in the UK, Scotland, Netherlands, as well as Belgium, Canada. The band released same titled album \\\"Turn This Club Around\\\" with the further hit \\\"Animal\\\" from the album. Tony T. left the R.I.O. project in 2012 to launch a solo career. His first solo releaser was \\\"Way to Rio\\\". He was featured\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17545499\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Back to the 80s (song)\",\n \"text\": \"in 1980s rocker fashions. The video is presented in \\\"Aquascope\\\", returning to the Aquarium-era tradition. \\\"Back to the 80s\\\" debuted on 5 June 2009 at number one on both the Danish Singles Chart and Airplay Chart. It claimed the mark for most weekly plays on Danish radio with 585. In Norway it debuted at number 8 on the official Norwegian Singles Chart. The single spent six weeks at No. 1 in Denmark and peaked at No. 3 in Norway and at No. 25 in Sweden. Back to the 80s (song) \\\"Back to the 80s\\\" is a song by Norwegian/Danish band\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13399726\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Saunders T.1\",\n \"text\": \"war time was spent building other companies' designs. The T.1 (T for Henry Haberfield Thomas, its designer) was the first all-Saunders aircraft, appearing in 1917. It was a single-engined two-seat biplane with single bay wings. These were unswept, carried no stagger and had parallel chord apart from the tips; notable was the large interplane gap and the large (6 ft 4 in, 1.93 m) overhang of the upper wing, wire braced from upward extensions of the interplane struts. It had unbalanced ailerons on the upper wing only. The most unusual feature of the aircraft, though no surprise given Saunders' previous\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13289053\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Confessions of an Economic Hit Man\",\n \"text\": \"grandson of Teddy, who overthrew the government of Iran, a democratically elected government, Mossadegh’s government who was Time‘s magazine person of the year; and he was so successful at doing this without any bloodshed—well, there was a little bloodshed, but no military intervention, just spending millions of dollars and replaced Mossadegh with the Shah of Iran. At that point, we understood that this idea of economic hit man was an extremely good one. We didn’t have to worry about the threat of war with Russia when we did it this way. The problem with that was that Roosevelt was a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5884642\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"The track was also a hit in Canada, reaching No.11 on the hit parade for Toronto radio station CHUM, the country's most influential rock music broadcaster (national charts for Canada were not published during the chart run of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\"). A scout for English record producer George Martin discovered \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" when Warwick's version took off in the United States, suggesting to Martin that the song would be a strong UK single for Shirley Bassey. However, Martin saw the song as a vehicle for Cilla Black, the Liverpool vocalist whose star potential had yet\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Now 80s\",\n \"text\": \"Now 80s Now 80s is a British music television channel, focusing exclusively on playing music from the 1980s. The channel launched in its current form on 27 December 2016, initially as a temporary pop-up rebrand of NOW Music, previously a contemporary pop channel; the 80s format was subsequently made permanent. In October 2013, Greatest Hits TV was replaced with a channel based on the \\\"Now That's What I Call Music!\\\" compilation brand, marking the 30th anniversary year of the \\\"Now!\\\" series. The new channel played a mix of current/contemporary and classic pop hits, broadcasting strands such as \\\"Britain's Hit 40\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20836874\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom T. Hall\",\n \"text\": \"Tom T. Hall Thomas T. Hall (born May 25, 1936 in Olive Hill, Kentucky) is an American country music songwriter, singer, instrumentalist, novelist, and short-story writer. He has written 12 No. 1 hit songs, with 26 more that reached the Top 10, including the No. 1 international pop crossover smash \\\"Harper Valley PTA\\\" and the hit \\\"I Love\\\", which reached No. 12 on the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100. He became known to fans as \\\"The Storyteller,\\\" thanks to his storytelling skills in his songwriting. Hall was born in 1936. As a teenager, he organized a band called the Kentucky Travelers that\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3168485\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Man Who Had No Idea\",\n \"text\": \"others.\\\" John Clute, however, found it to be \\\"unaccountably genial and without formal bite\\\", such that its \\\"potentially formidable idea gradually declines into doodle\\\". In a 1984 interview, Disch described it as \\\"a story about what our social relationships are really like\\\" and \\\"a springboard to the subject of what do we talk about when we talk about anything. What are all these social interactions \\\"about\\\"? What is the \\\"subject\\\" of them?\\\" The Man Who Had No Idea \\\"The Man Who Had No Idea\\\" is a 1978 science fiction story by Thomas M. Disch. It was first published in \\\"The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20768169\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hit selection\",\n \"text\": \"and SSMD* for cases without replicates. In a screen with replicates, we can directly estimate data variability for each compound, and thus we can use more powerful methods, such as SSMD for cases with replicates and t-statistic that does not rely on the strong assumption that the z-score and z*-score rely on. One issue with the use of t-statistic and associated p-values is that they are affected by both sample size and effect size . They come from testing for no mean difference, thus are not designed to measure the size of small molecule or siRNA effects. For hit selection,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15741422\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Anyone Who Had a Heart (song)\",\n \"text\": \"to be realized despite her association with The Beatles, her recording of the Lennon-McCartney original \\\"Love of the Loved\\\" having been only a modest hit (No.35). Martin produced the session for Black's recording of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" at Abbey Road Studios; the arrangement was by Johnny Pearson and the session personnel included guitarists Vic Flick and Big Jim Sullivan and The Breakaways vocal group. Black's single of \\\"Anyone Who Had a Heart\\\" debuted at No.28 on the UK Top 50 dated 8 February 1964. The Dionne Warwick original, issued by Scepter's UK licensee Pye Records, debuted on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8026221\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"T-80\",\n \"text\": \"on the previous tanks of the T-80 line. This gas turbine can use jet fuels as well as diesel and low-octane gasoline and has good dynamic stability, service life, and reliability. The GTD-1250 has a built-in automatic system of dust deposits removal. It retains the T-80s high fuel consumption, which the Russian army found unacceptable during the Chechen conflicts. It is equipped with the 2A46 fire control system and a new turret. The T-80U is protected by a second generation of explosive reactive armour called \\\"Kontakt-5\\\", which can severely dissipate the penetrative capabilities of an APFSDS round, such as the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1612949\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"1 More Hit\",\n \"text\": \"and tobacco use and addiction. The filmmaker updated the documentary in 2011 when it was picked up for digital release by Gravitas Ventures. It released digitally over 16.5 million homes. The doc had its ON DEMAND premiere in January 2012 and is available on DVD through Smart Girl Productions. All appearing as themselves. 1 More Hit 1 More Hit is a documentary film by Shauna Garr. It follows the life of hip hop producer J-Swift, formerly of The Pharcyde, from homelessness and crack addiction to his mission to win back his life and music career. 1 More Hit screened at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7783273\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"This Day We Fight!\",\n \"text\": \"all three songs are classified as very difficult songs to play, requiring much skill with the series. A T-shirt was later released with the title of the song featured on it. \\\"Endgame\\\" was very well received, and some of said praise was directed to \\\"This Day We Fight!\\\". In a song by song review of the album, Terrybezer of \\\"Metal Hammer\\\" praised the song and remarked that \\\"lyrics inspired by \\\"Lord of the Rings\\\" and riffs inspired by fighting for your frigging life as a horde of hellbeasts bare down on you, this track is at once vintage and future\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13795257\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jam Session with Feeling\",\n \"text\": \"Jam Session with Feeling Jam Session with Feeling is the second descarga album recorded by Cuban bassist Cachao. Following the recording and release of \\\"Cuban Jam Sessions in Miniature\\\", which received critical and commercial acclaim, Cachao assembled a similar roster of musicians to record \\\"Jam Session with Feeling\\\" in Havana in 1958. The album was meant to be released by Maype, but due to the political events of the time, it was not released until 1962, in the United States, once Maype had relocated there. The title of the album is a reference to \\\"filin\\\" (feeling), the 1940s movement in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20396430\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Boy Who Had an Eating Match with a Troll\",\n \"text\": \"declared they were too small, and said he would just fetch the entire spring. The troll, not wanting to lose his spring, exchanged chores with him. When the porridge was made, they had an eating match, but the boy put more into his scrip than into his stomach, and when it was full, he cut a hole in it. The troll said he could eat no more. The boy suggested that he cut a hole in his stomach, which would let him eat as much as he liked, and it didn't hurt much. The troll did so, and died, and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8183016\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thor's Fight with the Giants\",\n \"text\": \"became popular among contemporary nationalists. The art historian Per Hedström wrote in \\\"Dagens Nyheter\\\" in 1992 that the painting, which was no longer exhibited publicly, had become popular among skinheads. Hedström wrote that the dark jötnar could be interpreted as immigrants, and speculated that the swastika on Thor's belt might add further to the appeal. Hedström wrote: \\\"So can the meaning of an image shift from being a symbol for liberty and enlightenment to becoming a symbol for xenophobia and right-wing extremism. From being an image for an elite to becoming a cult image within a subculture.\\\" Thor's Fight with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19366120\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tobal No. 1\",\n \"text\": \"by GUIDO, who later released their own 7-track remix disc, \\\"Tobal No. 1 Remixes Electrical Indian\\\". Tobal No. 1 Original Sound Track \\\"Tobal No. 1\\\" sold in excess of 650,000 copies in Japan the year it was released. The healthy sales are sometimes attributed to the inclusion of the \\\"Final Fantasy VII\\\" demo disc, a highly anticipated title at the time. The game is cited as a cult hit in North America, where it did not sell as well. The game received mostly positive reviews. A \\\"Next Generation\\\" critic said that it \\\"establishes itself as a major player in an\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2212255\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"spent ten weeks on the chart. \\\"Feeling This\\\" received favorable reviews from music critics. Kelefa Sanneh, writing for \\\"The New York Times\\\" felt the song was an \\\"appealing hybrid,\\\" while noting the growing popularity of emo could have influenced the \\\"more anguished\\\" tone. Greg Kot of \\\"Entertainment Weekly\\\" praised the vocal harmonies, calling them reminiscent of Queen. Joshua Klein of \\\"The Washington Post\\\" similarly complimented the interplay between DeLonge and Hoppus and its \\\"multiple-perspective portrait of first love.\\\" Andy Doerschuk of \\\"Drum!\\\" praised Barker's \\\"fat, syncopated beat\\\" and noted elements of Bonham as well as James Brown's drummers. \\\"Rolling Stone\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652794\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"before dropping to number three, after which it continued dropping before exiting the top 20 on February 21, 2004. In total, it spent nine weeks on the chart. It spent eight weeks on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles, which acts as an extension to the \\\"Billboard\\\" Hot 100 chart; it peaked at number two on December 20, 2003. In the United Kingdom, \\\"Feeling This\\\" debuted at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart for the week ending date November 30, 2003. It dropped to number 35 the following week before exiting the chart on December 28; in all, it\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652793\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Feeling This\",\n \"text\": \"contains elements of spoken word in the verses and a Latin-inspired backbeat in the chorus, and the song ends in a melodic, harmonized duet split between DeLonge and Hoppus. Elements of the song were inspired by rock groups Led Zeppelin and the Beach Boys. The song's music video, photographed by David LaChapelle, depicts a dystopian correctional facility that is overtaken by its inmates. An early version of the song, erroneously titled \\\"Action\\\", was released on the soundtrack for the video game \\\"Madden NFL 2004\\\". \\\"Feeling This\\\" received critical acclaim and the song peaked to number two on \\\"Billboard\\\" Modern Rock\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3652782\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\",\n \"text\": \"released by Capitol Records as catalog number 1131. The record reached the Billboard magazine charts on September 2, 1950 and lasted 13 weeks on the charts, also peaking at number five. Other versions that appeared on the singles chart: Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!) \\\"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\\\" is a popular song written by Bennie Benjamin and George David Weiss and published in 1950. The biggest hit version of the song was recorded by the Ames Brothers. The recording was made on May 17, 1950, and released by Coral Records as catalog number 60253. The record first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5281303\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\",\n \"text\": \"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!) \\\"Can Anyone Explain? (No! No! No!)\\\" is a popular song written by Bennie Benjamin and George David Weiss and published in 1950. The biggest hit version of the song was recorded by the Ames Brothers. The recording was made on May 17, 1950, and released by Coral Records as catalog number 60253. The record first reached the \\\"Billboard\\\" charts on August 4, 1950, and lasted 19 weeks on the chart, peaking at number five. Another version which made the chart was by Ray Anthony's orchestra (vocal: Ronnie Deauville and The Skyliners). The recording was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5281302\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"'80s on 8\",\n \"text\": \"'80s on 8 '80s on 8 (also known as The Big '80s on 8) is a commercial-free, satellite radio station on Sirius XM Radio channel 8 and also Dish Network 6008. As a result of the Sirius/XM merger on November 12, 2008, the channel was merged with the Big '80s channel on Sirius 8, and took its current name. The channel plays hit music from the 1980s. The channel was created in 2000/2001 and programmed by Bruce Kelly, a veteran radio program director and morning drive/afternoon personality. Kelly's morning show was one of XM's highest rated programs. Kelly remained through\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7898454\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Minnesota Fight\",\n \"text\": \"RAH! <br> The old fight gang! On your marks—Slam! Bang! <br> Hit 'em hard and hit 'em low! <br> So Fight! Minnesota, Fight <br> Minnesota! Come on! Let's go! Minnesota Fight \\\"Minnesota Fight\\\" is one of several school songs of the University of Minnesota. Responding to a 1925 contest to find an additional fight song for the school, University graduate Truman E. Rickard entered a piece entitled \\\"Minnesota! Let's Go!\\\". Rickard shared the contest's hundred-dollar prize with another entry, Marion Bassett's \\\"Our Minnesota\\\". Rickard's fight song can still be heard at Minnesota Golden Gopher athletic events, but is now known\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8716388\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["reo (album)","alan gratzer","r.e.o. speedwagon","reo speedwagon","michael bryan murphy","can't stop rockin","reo speedwagon","r.e.o speedwagon"],"string":"[\n \"reo (album)\",\n \"alan gratzer\",\n \"r.e.o. speedwagon\",\n \"reo speedwagon\",\n \"michael bryan murphy\",\n \"can't stop rockin\",\n \"reo speedwagon\",\n \"r.e.o speedwagon\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":95,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which parallel was the truce line in the korean war?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"North Korea in the Korean War","text":"North Korea in the Korean War The Korean War started when North Korea invaded South Korea, and ended on July 27, 1953 with the armistice creating the well-known Korean Demilitarized Zone. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel. The Russians occupied the area north of the line and the United States occupied the area to its south. On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s","psg_id":"19742126"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"North Korea in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"North Korea in the Korean War The Korean War started when North Korea invaded South Korea, and ended on July 27, 1953 with the armistice creating the well-known Korean Demilitarized Zone. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the Korean peninsula in half along the 38th parallel. The Russians occupied the area north of the line and the United States occupied the area to its south. On June 25, 1950, the Korean War began when some 75,000 soldiers from the North Korean People’s Army poured across the 38th parallel, the boundary between the Soviet-backed Democratic People’s\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19742126\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"The Truce","text":"home town Turin, which he had last seen 20 months ago. This book was adapted as a screenplay by Tonino Guerra for a film directed by Francesco Rosi, also titled \"The Truce\" (1997). The Truce The Truce () is a book by the Italian author Primo Levi. It is the sequel to \"If This Is a Man\" and describes the author's experiences from the liberation of Auschwitz (Monowitz), which was a concentration camp, until he reaches home in Turin, Italy, after a long journey. He describes the situation in different displaced persons camps after the Second World War. \"The Truce\",","psg_id":"10588402"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"1st Commonwealth Division and the 1st South Korean Division) seized the Jamestown Line destroying elements of the 42nd Army, 47th Army, 64th Army and 65th Army, and after five days of intense combat, eventually forcing the Chinese into retreat. The operation was a success, and ended on 15 October, with a few hills south of the line still in Communist hands, requiring a follow-up operation (Operation Polecharge). The official historian for the Korean War, Robert O'Neill, wrote of this battle: \"In this action 3RAR had won one of the most impressive victories achieved by any Australian battalion. In five days","psg_id":"11585959"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"and by South Korean, American and UN troops on the other. The DMZ runs north of the parallel towards the east, and to the south as it travels west. The site of the peace talks, Kaesong, the old capital of Korea, was part of the South before hostilities broke out but is currently a special city of the North. North Korea and the United States signed the , with Syngman Rhee refusing to sign. After the war ended, Australians remained in Korea for four years as military observers. Australia gained political and security benefits, the most important being the signing","psg_id":"11585969"},{"title":"United States in the Korean War","text":"late July 1950 Task Force Smith was overrun in the city of Taejon. Troops from the Army's 25th Infantry Division were deployed to Taejon to establish a new line and pullout the decimated 24th I.D. This addition of combat troops did not stop the North Korean advance and both American and South Korean troops were pushed further south. The first battle the Americans entered in the Korean War was the Battle of Osan, where about four hundred U.S. soldiers landed in Pusan airport on the first of July. The American troops were sent off to Taejon the next morning where","psg_id":"17281510"},{"title":"The Truce","text":"The Truce The Truce () is a book by the Italian author Primo Levi. It is the sequel to \"If This Is a Man\" and describes the author's experiences from the liberation of Auschwitz (Monowitz), which was a concentration camp, until he reaches home in Turin, Italy, after a long journey. He describes the situation in different displaced persons camps after the Second World War. \"The Truce\", the literal translation of the title, is the name of the translation published in Britain; the US title is \"The Reawakening\". The historian Fritz Stern, in a brief review on \"Foreign Affairs\", wrote","psg_id":"10588397"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"Canada in the Korean War The Canadian Forces were involved in the 1950–1953 Korean War and its aftermath. 26,000 Canadians participated on the side of the United Nations, and Canada sent eight destroyers. Canadian aircraft provided transport, supply and logistics. 516 Canadians died, 312 of which were from combat. After the war, Canadian troops remained for three years as military observers. Japan's defeat in World War II brought an end to 35 years of Japanese occupation of the Korean Peninsula. The surrender of Japan to the Allied forces on 2 September 1945 led to the peninsula being divided into North","psg_id":"17215031"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"China. By April 1950, the Soviet Union had provided 63 of the North Korean Air Force's 178 aircraft, which until September 1950 proved highly effective against minimal South Korean air defenses (which was more heavily backed by US and UN air forces instead) An important area in which Soviet intervention was key in the Korean War was in the air-war. Soviet innovation in aircraft design, as well as the experience of many of its pilots following the Second World War meant that the 'new' states of China and North Korea were dependent on Soviet help in this area. Both the","psg_id":"16543599"},{"title":"North Korea in the Korean War","text":"these, about 10 percent of Korea’s pre-war population, were civilians. This rate of civilian casualties was higher than in World War II and the Vietnam War. Nearly 10,000 North and South Korean soldiers were also killed in battle before the war even began. North Korean casualties amount at around 600,000 civilians and 406,000 soldiers. Unlike World War II and Vietnam, the Korean War did not get much media attention in the United States. The most famous representation of the war in popular culture is the television series \"M*A*S*H\", which was set in a field hospital in South Korea. The series","psg_id":"19742134"},{"title":"Sweden in the Korean War","text":"Sweden in the Korean War Sweden took part in the Korean War by providing the Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital and participating in the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission. The Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital was the name given to the Swedish mission sent to Korea to deal with the humanitarian situation created by the Korean War, 1950-3. Following the temporary resolution of the war in 1953, Sweden was heavily involved in maintaining the armistice through its position in the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission. Following the North Korean invasion of the South, the UN Security Council adopted a resolution asking all","psg_id":"16622023"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"before hostilities broke out but is currently a special city of the North. North Korea and the United States signed the , which Syngman Rhee refused to sign. After the war ended, Canadians remained in Korea for three years as military observers. Between 1950 and 1956, over 25,000 Canadians served in Korea, and 516 died. The United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan, South Korea has the remains of 378 Canadians who died during the war. Canada in the Korean War The Canadian Forces were involved in the 1950–1953 Korean War and its aftermath. 26,000 Canadians participated on the side of","psg_id":"17215056"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"about 30 miles across and was a section of the United Nations front occupied by British Commonwealth forces. Most of the Canadians' combat missions took place on the 30 mile zone. The Canadians' two main adversaries during the war were the North Korean army and the Chinese in the Battle of Kapyong. Canada's military objective was to give military support towards the resolution of the war on the central front, which was central Korea. Operation Killer was a counter-offensive by the United Nations forces to push Communist Chinese and North Korean Armies back behind the Han River and recover the","psg_id":"17215039"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"The same day the war had officially begun (25 June), the United Nations immediately drafted UNSC Resolution 82, which called for: The Liberal government of Australia, led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies, immediately responded to the UN resolution by offering military assistance. 17,000 Australians served in the Korean War between 1950 and 1953, and they suffered 339 dead, and 1200 wounded. With the commitment of Australian forces to the Korean War, the Australian government called for 1000 men who had prior military experience in World War II to enlist in the army for three years, with one year of overseas","psg_id":"11585932"},{"title":"Sweden in the Korean War","text":"personnel and 2,400 Korean personnel were treated by Swedish doctors. Because of Sweden's reputation for neutrality during the major 20th century conflicts (First World, Second World and Korean Wars), Sweden was included as one of the four founding members of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission and several Swedish military personnel served in Korea enforcing the Panmunjom armistice. Sweden was the first Western European country to establish diplomatic relations and an embassy in North Korea. Sweden in the Korean War Sweden took part in the Korean War by providing the Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital and participating in the Neutral Nations","psg_id":"16622026"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"of the ANZUS Treaty with the United States and New Zealand. After two years and 17 days of fighting the UN and North Korea had finally negotiated an agreement to suspend hostilities on 27 July 1953. Out of 17,000 Australians who served in Korea, casualties numbered more than 1,500, of whom 339 were killed. Australia in the Korean War The military history of Australia during the Korean War was very eventful. Japan's defeat in World War II heralded the end to 35 years of Japanese occupation of the Korean Peninsula. The surrender of Japan to the Allied forces on 2","psg_id":"11585970"},{"title":"Partisans in the Korean War","text":"They are usually called by the name of: The KongBi has now become a general term for any armed North Korean infiltrators. Against this decision, turmoil in the south begins, and USMGIK tried to calm down civil violence in the south by banning strikes on December 8 and outlawing the revolutionary government and the people's committees on December 12, 1945. Partisans in the Korean War Partisans were active before, during and after the Korean War in the South Korean peninsula. They are considered as the remnants of the Korean People's Army of North Korea, some local civilians who are in","psg_id":"16586503"},{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"Aftermath of the Korean War The aftermath of the Korean War set the tone for Cold War tension between all the superpowers. The Korean War was important in the development of the Cold War, as it showed that the two superpowers, United States and Soviet Union, could fight a \"limited war\" in a third country. The \"limited war\" or \"proxy war\" strategy was a feature of conflicts such as the Vietnam War and the Soviet War in Afghanistan, as well as Angola, Greece, and wars in the Middle East. The Korean War was the first war in which the United","psg_id":"10570131"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"in the objective that it had set with the United Nations forces. In April 1951, Chinese forces of the 118th Division attacked the Kapyong Valley in force, and pushed South Korean and New Zealand troops into retreat. Under heavy pressure, the Korean 6th Division broke, and the line collapsed. American and South Korean men poured through a gap under protective covering fire from Australians who were holding their section of the line despite heavy pressure. The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) and 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (2 PPCLI) were ordered to halt this Chinese advance.","psg_id":"17215043"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"certainly influenced by the Korean War shaped relations between the two countries until 1989. Soviet Union in the Korean War Though not officially belligerent during the Korean War (1950–1953), the Soviet Union played a significant, covert role in the conflict. It provided material and medical services, as well as Soviet pilots and aircraft, most notably MiG 15 fighter jets, to aid the North Korean-Chinese forces against the United Nations Forces. The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the","psg_id":"16543610"},{"title":"Thailand in the Korean War","text":"Thailand in the Korean War Thailand was one of the 21 countries who responded to the United Nations request to send troops to aid South Korea during the Korean War 1950-53. As well as being one of the first countries to openly express its support for South Korea's cause, whilst also being one of the UN's larger contributors to the war. Thai support was important to battles determining the outcome of the war, including Pork Chop Hill and the Third Battle of Seoul. Thailand was the first country in Asia to send aid to South Korea. Realising that a communist","psg_id":"16625419"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"Canadian Army Medical Corps rotated in and out of the war. Three Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) destroyers were dispatched as Canada's initial response to the United Nations' call for assistance during the Korean War, and were sent to Korean waters to join other UN naval forces. The eight Canadian ships' duties included \"exciting but dangerous\" shore bombardments and the destruction of North Korean trains and railway lines. Initially dispatched in 1950, Canadian destroyers maintained a presence off the Korean peninsula until 1955. The ships were first under fire during the bombardment of Inchon in the middle of January 1951. The","psg_id":"17215050"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"the United States and its allies elsewhere, which could have led to a nuclear war. By officially denying its participation, the Soviets prevented the Korean War from escalating. Participation on the North Korean side was also contrary to the UN Security Council Resolution 84 by which the Soviet Union was technically bound. Along with several \"Eastern Block\" countries (notably Czechoslovakia), the Soviet Union sent over 20 doctors to Korea to aid Communist forces there, similar to Indian, Italian, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish medical detachments in Southern Korea who did not have military force engaged, but merely offered humanitarian support instead.","psg_id":"16543597"},{"title":"Student soldiers in the Korean War","text":"who could prove they met the criteria were handed the award. In 1997, the government handed it out to a further 45 people who had failed to receive it before. On June 16, 2010, the movie \"\" was released, which depicted the death of 71 students during the Korean War, mainly in August 1950. \"Taegukgi: The Brotherhood of War\" mentions the soldiers, although the main focus is on the personal story of two brothers, one in education when drafted. Student soldiers in the Korean War Student soldiers were individuals in Korea who volunteered or were forced to cease their studies","psg_id":"20768423"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"and the United Nations Security Council asked its members to help repel the North Korean attack. Australia immediately contributed No. 77 Squadron RAAF and the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR), both of which were stationed in Japan under the British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF). No. 77 Squadron converted to P-51D Mustang fighters before arriving in Japan in February 1946 to participate in the British Commonwealth Occupation Force. Occupation duties proved uneventful, and No. 77 Squadron was preparing to leave Japan for Australia when the Korean War broke out in June 1950. 77 Sqn was immediately dispatched to Korea,","psg_id":"11585934"},{"title":"Student soldiers in the Korean War","text":"Province during the Korean War. In the exhibition room, there are about 200 artifacts such as diaries, photographs, and weapons used by the municipal police officers at the time, worn clothes. In addition, war-related documentaries are shown in the audiovisual room. This tower is located at Seoul National Cemetery. In this tower, the remains of 48 unknown warriors who were killed in Pohang district during the Korean War were buried in a hemispherical grave. As the war broke out in the wake of the Korean War, the country's fate was at risk, and about 50,000 students were dressed in school","psg_id":"20768419"},{"title":"United States in the Korean War","text":"were suffering, eating out of garbage, and many people starved. Meanwhile, the U.S. troops in the Korean War were in great demand of uniforms and other equipment. The American government turned to Japan for the favor, which eventually stimulated the manufacturing factories that were in jeopardy due to damage caused by World War II. Japan accepted the offer and mainly supplied U.S. troops in Korea with uniforms and other sorts of clothing. Bases were also erected in Japan for U.S. Air Force planes, such as B-29 Superfortress bombers. United States in the Korean War At the conclusion of World War","psg_id":"17281515"},{"title":"New Zealand in the Korean War","text":"was killed in February 1953 when his Hawker Sea Fury was shot down by ground fire. Five New Zealanders took part in Royal Australian Navy missions over Korea from the Australian carrier HMAS \"Sydney\". Some of these pilots were former RNZAF members, others joining directly the British and Australian forces. New Zealand in the Korean War The involvement of New Zealand in the Korean War began in 1950 as a response to the United Nations Security Council's call for combat assistance in the erupting Korean War. New Zealand was one of the first (of a total of sixteen) nations to","psg_id":"9895284"},{"title":"Korean War","text":"conflicts played more of a role in not deploying them than the threat of a possible nuclear exchange. When Eisenhower succeeded Truman in early 1953 he was similarly cautious about using nuclear weapons in Korea, including for diplomatic purposes to encourage progress in ongoing truce discussions. The administration prepared contingency plans to use them against China, but like Truman, the new president feared doing so would result in Soviet attacks on Japan. The war ended as it began, without U.S. nuclear weapons deployed near battle. There were numerous atrocities and massacres of civilians throughout the Korean war committed by both","psg_id":"229248"},{"title":"Student soldiers in the Korean War","text":"Student soldiers in the Korean War Student soldiers were individuals in Korea who volunteered or were forced to cease their studies and fight as soldiers during the Korean War. The soldiers were typically high school students. In its narrowest sense, it often refers only to students who were forced to join them during the Japanese occupation period and Korean War. Generally, those studying found themselves exempt from the draft but in emergency situations, students were drafted into the army and engaged in the battle. It was the first time that the student soldier was organized because they had gathered in","psg_id":"20768410"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53","text":"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 is the official history of Australia's involvement in the Korean War. The series consists of two volumes covering Australia's strategy and diplomacy in the war and the Australian military's combat operations respectively. Both volumes were written by Robert O'Neill, and they were published in 1981 and 1985. In 1970 Robert O'Neill was selected by the Australian Government as the official historian of the Korean War. O'Neill had served as the 5th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment's intelligence officer during the Vietnam War, and had later become an academic. At","psg_id":"13330291"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"One RCN aviator flew with the U.S. Navy. In 1950, the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was heavily involved with the transportation of personnel and supplies in support of the Korean War. No. 426 Transport Squadron was attached to the Military Air Transport Service. During Canada's involvement in the Korean War, 600 trans-Pacific flights were flown carrying 3000 tons of cargo and 13,000 passengers. The RCAF suffered no losses. The RCAF was not involved with a combat role since no jet fighter squadrons capable of the type of combat required in Korea were yet in service, and capable fighter squadrons","psg_id":"17215052"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"Soviet Union in the Korean War Though not officially belligerent during the Korean War (1950–1953), the Soviet Union played a significant, covert role in the conflict. It provided material and medical services, as well as Soviet pilots and aircraft, most notably MiG 15 fighter jets, to aid the North Korean-Chinese forces against the United Nations Forces. The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the American forces in the south, Soviet troops remained in Korea after the end of","psg_id":"16543594"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"the war to rebuild the country. Soviet soldiers were instrumental in the creation and early development of the North Korean People's Army and Korean People's Air Force, as well as for stabilizing the early years of the Northern regime. The Shineuiju Air Force Academy was founded under Soviet leadership on 25 October 1945 in order to train new pilots. Because at the time the war broke out in 1950, the Communist Soviet Union, China and their allies were already locked into a \"Cold War\" with capitalist countries, both sides felt that the Korean Conflict carried the potential to further destabilize","psg_id":"16543595"},{"title":"Thailand in the Korean War","text":"outpost hills along the front line while having a truce talk at Panmunjeom. A typical hill battle was waged at \"Porkchop Hill\", then held by soldiers of the 21st Thai Infantry Battalion, who repulsed an attack by the Chinese People's Volunteers. After this victory, the United States military awarded one Thai soldier the prestigious Legion of Merit, while 12 received Silver Stars and 26 were awarded a Bronze Star Medal. They were given the nickname \"Little Tigers\" by General James Van Fleet, commander of the 8th US Army. The Chinese made an all out effort to capture Porkchop Hill, attacking","psg_id":"16625421"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"to as the Fifth Phase Offensive, with the intention of recapturing Seoul. The Chinese launched a major assault between 22 and 25 April that resulted in a victory in the Battle of the Imjin River. At the same time, the UN repelled Chinese forces at Kapyong. Chinese forces of the 118th Division attacked the Kapyong Valley in force, and pushed South Korean and New Zealand troops into retreat. Under heavy pressure, the Korean 6th Division broke, and the line collapsed. American and South Korean men poured through a gap under protective covering fire from Australians who were holding their section","psg_id":"11585951"},{"title":"Thailand in the Korean War","text":"to Korea. It is recorded that 136 Thai soldiers had lost their lives in the war. In 1974, the Government of the Republic of Korea built a monument, and a Thai pavilion in Pocheon City, to honour the Thai soldiers who took part in the Korean War. On 4 November 2008, the Thai Embassy in Seoul, with the cooperation from the Office of Defense Attache, hosted the opening ceremony of the Thai memorial at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Korea (UNMCK) to commemorate the sacrifices made by Thai soldiers during the Korean War. Nowadays, the Thai Government has maintained","psg_id":"16625425"},{"title":"Thailand in the Korean War","text":"Korea. They sailed for home a year and a half after the armistice on January 21, 1955. The transport ship HTMS \"Sichang\" arrived in Korea on November 7, 1950, remaining there until July 15, 1951. Royal Thai Air Force supply Douglas C-47 Skytrain aircraft took part in Korean war. On September 22, 1950, the Thai Government ordered units of its forces to assist the United Nations military operations in the Korea War. Three task force contingents of the Royal Thai Air Force would serve South Korea: During the course of the Korean War, Thailand dispatched a total of 11,786 soldiers","psg_id":"16625424"},{"title":"United States in the Korean War","text":"Major General John H. Church the head of U.S. field headquarters was confident in the US troop's strengths to push back the North Koreans. On July fifth the troops were finally put to the test when North Korean tanks crept towards Osan. The four hundred infantryman of the U.S. also called Task Force Smith opened fire on the North Koreans at 8:16 am. Only four of the North Korean tanks were destroyed and twenty-nine kept moving forward breaking the US line. At the end of the battle only two more North Korean Tanks and two regiments of North Korean infantry","psg_id":"17281511"},{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"forces than in previous wars. For service during the Korean War, the U.S. military issued the Korean Service Medal. However, many still-living Korean War veterans claim that their country tends to neglect the remembrance of this war. With more overt displays made for World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, the Persian Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq war, the Korean War has come to be dubbed by some as the \"Forgotten war\" or the \"Unknown War.\" As a partial remedy, the Korean War Veterans Memorial was built in Washington, D.C. and dedicated to veterans","psg_id":"10570162"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"June 1950 beginning a civil war. The invasion of South Korea came as a surprise to the United Nations. The day the war began, the United Nations immediately drafted UNSC Resolution 82, which called for: When the North Korean Army crossed into South Korea on 25 June 1950, they advanced for the capital Seoul, which fell in less than a week. North Korea's forces continued toward the port of Pusan, a strategic goal and the seat of the ROK government. The forces of the North conquered all of Korea except for this tiny enclave at the end of the peninsula.","psg_id":"17215034"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53","text":"the editor of \"The Official History of Australia's Involvement in Southeast Asian Conflicts 1948–1975\", states that the first volume in the series has been of most importance to Australian historiography due to its \"detailed and authoritative\" coverage of the ANZUS treaty. There was little public interest in the books after they were released, however, and sales of both volumes were slow. Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 is the official history of Australia's involvement in the Korean War. The series consists of two volumes covering Australia's strategy and diplomacy in the war and the","psg_id":"13330295"},{"title":"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States","text":"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States The impact of the Korean War on the Economy of the United States refers to the ways in which the American economy was affected by the Korean experience from 1950 to 1953. While the cost of the Korean War was less significant than that of World War II, it still changed the structure of the American growth as a result of its financing. The Korean War boosted GDP growth through government spending, which in turn constrained investment and consumption. While taxes were raised significantly to finance the war,","psg_id":"17184696"},{"title":"North Korea in the Korean War","text":"Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War. Tactics were based on Soviet doctrine which emphasised rapid advances spearheaded by armoured and infantry assaults. The quality and power of the KPA’s initial invasion resulted in its opponents being forced back to the southern tip of the Korean peninsula. By July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf. As far as American officials were concerned, it was a war against the forces of international communism itself. After some early back-and-forth","psg_id":"19742127"},{"title":"The Truce (1997 film)","text":"contributes to the \"cinema of poetry,\" as defined by Pier Paolo Pasolini. Brian Webster, writing for the \"Apollo Guide\", finds the film \"a war story with little violence and virtually no sentimentality. If you're not ready for it, you might find The Truce passing before your eyes without making much of an impact. It doesn't smack you in the face with a powerful message, but instead works its way inside you more gradually.\" The Truce (1997 film) The Truce () is a 1997 film directed by Francesco Rosi, written by Tonino Guerra, based on Primo Levi's memoir, \"The Truce\". The","psg_id":"11193371"},{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"in the French Parliament was caused by Gaullist fears that the creation of the EDC threatened France's national sovereignty. The EDC was not ratified, and the initiative collapsed in August 1955. Aftermath of the Korean War The aftermath of the Korean War set the tone for Cold War tension between all the superpowers. The Korean War was important in the development of the Cold War, as it showed that the two superpowers, United States and Soviet Union, could fight a \"limited war\" in a third country. The \"limited war\" or \"proxy war\" strategy was a feature of conflicts such as","psg_id":"10570165"},{"title":"Parallel Line (song)","text":"Parallel Line (song) On 15 December 2016, Fuji TV's Noitamina revealed that Sayuri would perform \"Parallel Line\" as ending theme song for \"Scum's Wish\". Parallel Line was released as a single on 1 March 2017 on three edition; Reguler edition, Limited edition and Limited anime edition. The single reached number 10 on Oricon and Japan Hot 100 and 4 on Japan Hot Animation with spent 8, 5 and 6 weeks respectively. The music video for \"Parallel Line\" was directed by Yasuhiro Arafune and the storyboards were created from \"Scum's Wish's\" author Mengo Yokoyari. The video features Sayuri singing in front","psg_id":"20179241"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"Flying Cross was Ernie Glover. He was also a World War II veteran who flew Hurricane fighter planes. He was known for shooting down three enemy planes in less than two days and contributing a major effort to the South Korean air support throughout the war. During the war, the United Nations had air dominance, giving them an advantage in air to ground offences. When the USAF experienced a shortage of F-86s, Canada supplied sixty Canadair Sabres. On 29 November 1952, U.S. President-elect Dwight D. Eisenhower fulfilled a campaign promise by going to Korea to find out what could be","psg_id":"17215054"},{"title":"The Truce (1997 film)","text":"The Truce (1997 film) The Truce () is a 1997 film directed by Francesco Rosi, written by Tonino Guerra, based on Primo Levi's memoir, \"The Truce\". The film deals with Primo Levi's experiences returning to Italy in 1945 after the Red Army liberated the concentration camp at Auschwitz during the Second World War. This was Rosi's final film before his death in 2015. Although liberated on January 27, 1945, Levi did not reach Turin until October 19 of that year. After spending some time in a Soviet camp for former concentration camp inmates, he embarked on an arduous journey home","psg_id":"11193369"},{"title":"United States in the Korean War","text":"were destroyed. The US had lost the battle, revealing that the mere sight of US troops would not reverse the military balance in Korea. By early August, the North Korean troops had pushed back the US and South Korean troops all the way to Naktong River, which is located about thirty miles from Pusan. The two weeks of fighting following this resulted in the most casualties of US troops than any other equivalent period of this war. However, during this time the US pushed supplies and personnel to Korea and by the end of July South Koreans and US troops","psg_id":"17281512"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"coastal defence fire was inaccurate, and the ships doubled back and silenced the guns. Another bombardment at Inchon two days later was also successful, without damage. The only Canadian naval casualties of the Korean War occurred on 2 October 1952 during an inshore patrol by on the east coast, inflicted by a coastal defence battery: 3 sailors died and 10 were wounded. Canadian ships destroyed 8 of the 28 trains destroyed by United Nations forces, and alone hit 3 trains. The first dispatch was: , and , which were followed by , \"Iroquois\", , and \"Crusader\". 3621 Canadian sailors participated.","psg_id":"17215051"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"pilots flying MiG-15 jets participated in battles around the Yalu River Valley on the Chinese-Korean border in the area known as \"Mig Alley\" and in operations against UN \"trainbusting\" attacks in Northern Korea, with considerable success. The lack of a shared language between Soviet, Chinese and North Korean pilots frequently led to incidences of friendly fire as other MiG fighters were mistaken for American F-86 Sabre jets and shot down. The MiG-15 was a jet aircraft, supplied in large numbers to Chinese and North Korean forces during the war by the Soviet Union. Owing to their modern design (they were","psg_id":"16543603"},{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"of the country's recent history, some also believe that sending the country's soldiers to die for the interests of the \"imperialist powers\" was one of the most misguided foreign policy decisions ever made by the Turkish Republic. Nevertheless, Turkey's entrance into the war as part of the U.N. command did indeed have a great impact on earning a place in NATO. Thus, Turkey can be considered a country which benefited from the Korean War. The Defense Department estimated that the United States spent $15 billion (equivalent to $ billion today) on the Korean War. The American defense budget had nearly","psg_id":"10570158"},{"title":"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States","text":"benefits as the World War II G.I. Bill, including mustering-out pay, financial support for education, home and business loan guarantees, unemployment compensation, and job placement. Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States The impact of the Korean War on the Economy of the United States refers to the ways in which the American economy was affected by the Korean experience from 1950 to 1953. While the cost of the Korean War was less significant than that of World War II, it still changed the structure of the American growth as a result of its financing.","psg_id":"17184705"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"where they became the first UN air unit to enter the war, primarily in ground support, combat air patrol, and escort missions. 3 RAR was rapidly committed as Australia's main land force contribution to the United Nations forces in the Korean War. After a period of intensive training and reinforcement in Japan, the battalion arrived in South Korea in late September 1950. The battalion formed part of the 27th Commonwealth Brigade and took part in the United Nations offensive into North Korea and the subsequent retreat into South Korea following the Chinese offensive in the winter of 1950–51. It was","psg_id":"11585935"},{"title":"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States","text":"tensions with the Soviet Union, the Korean War further increased it. The Korean War cost the US$30 billion in 1953, which is equivalent to US$341 billion in 2011. During the last year of the war, annual war expenditure comprised about 14.1 percent of GDP. Approximately 34,000 Americans were killed in battle and about another 2,800 died from disease or injury, with total US casualties, which includes dead, wounded, and missing in action, adding up to 139,860. The \"Korean War GI Bill\" was implemented in 1952, eventually covering veterans between June 27, 1950 and February 1, 1955. It offered the same","psg_id":"17184704"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"No. 77 Squadron operated in the ground attack role from December 1951 until the end of the war; it remained in South Korea on garrison duties until returning to Australia in November 1954. The Battle of Sunchon was an air battle fought near the city of Sunchon on 1 December 1951, 12 Gloster Meteor jets of the RAAF's No. 77 Squadron were attacked by 40–50 Chinese MiG-15s. Despite their Meteors having inferior manoeuvrability to the Soviet-built MiGs, the Australian pilots managed to score their first victories of the Korean War, for the loss of three aircraft. Accounts vary, with the","psg_id":"11585967"},{"title":"Australia in the Korean War","text":"border between North Korea and China, and extend their rollback policy into China. Many in the West, including General MacArthur, thought that spreading the war to China would be necessary and that since North Korean troops were being supplied by bases in China, those supply depots should be bombed. However, Truman and the other leaders disagreed, and MacArthur was ordered to be very cautious when approaching the Chinese border. Except on some rare occasions, UN bombers remained out of Manchuria during the war. China warned American leaders through neutral diplomats that it would intervene to protect its national security, however","psg_id":"11585947"},{"title":"Canada in the Korean War","text":"recommended recruiting a separate Special Force for the Korean War. Recruits for the Special Force were enlisted for a period of eighteen months with recruits coming from both the Active Force, World War II veterans and adventure seeking young men. The normal recruitment standards were lowered since \"the army would not wish to retain the 'soldier of fortune' type of personnel on a long term basis'\". Units of the Special Force would be second battalions of the existing three Permanent Force regiments. On 15 August 1950, the 2nd Battalion was created within Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI) as a","psg_id":"17215036"},{"title":"Parallel Line (song)","text":"of mirrors with night sky and cracked glass effect. Sometimes scene shifts to a classroom and a white background. It was also mixed with the scene from anime \"Scum's Wish\". All tracks written by Sayuri. Parallel Line (song) On 15 December 2016, Fuji TV's Noitamina revealed that Sayuri would perform \"Parallel Line\" as ending theme song for \"Scum's Wish\". Parallel Line was released as a single on 1 March 2017 on three edition; Reguler edition, Limited edition and Limited anime edition. The single reached number 10 on Oricon and Japan Hot 100 and 4 on Japan Hot Animation with spent","psg_id":"20179242"},{"title":"Aftermath of the Korean War","text":"SEATO (1954). However, because of the war, the authority of the Soviet State grew, which showed in its readiness to interfere in developing countries of the Third World, many of which after the Korean war went down the socialist path of development, after selecting the Soviet Union as their patron. It is generally assumed that the war was a heavy burden on the national economy of the Soviet Union, which was still suffering from the effects of World War II. Expenditures for defense certainly grew more sharply than they otherwise would have. However, it has been claimed that in fact","psg_id":"10570152"},{"title":"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War","text":"generally declined following the December Massacres but the Rhee regime further cemented its heavy-handed image. The massacres made easy political propaganda for communist forces and were used to denounce the regime in the South for years to come. December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War The December Massacres were a series of politically motivated executions carried out by the South Korean government following the recapture of Pyongyang by communist forces in the Korean War. The killings took place mainly in and around Seoul but also in other locations in South Korea. It is believed the South Korean government executed","psg_id":"18763246"},{"title":"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War","text":"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War The December Massacres were a series of politically motivated executions carried out by the South Korean government following the recapture of Pyongyang by communist forces in the Korean War. The killings took place mainly in and around Seoul but also in other locations in South Korea. It is believed the South Korean government executed thousands of people though accurate estimates are difficult to come by. The Rhee regime received criticism from the international community and the executions damaged his image. In October 1950, United Nations and Republic of Korea (ROK) forces had","psg_id":"18763239"},{"title":"South Korea in the Vietnam War","text":"Lai Đại Hàn were ostracised and neglected by Vietnamese society following the war. Korean civil groups have discussed the issue considerably, and calls have been made for a Korean inquiry, in line with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission on massacres committed by government forces during the Korean War, known as the People's Tribunal on War Crimes by South Korean Troops during the Vietnam War. The alleged war crimes have had an impact upon South Korea–Vietnam relations and led the Vietnamese government to oppose the \"commemoration of mercenaries\" when South Korean President Moon Jae-in honoured the 50th Anniversary of South Korean","psg_id":"17631892"},{"title":"Forward air control operations during the Korean War","text":"Forward air control operations during the Korean War Forward air controllers in the Korean War were prominent throughout the conflict. United Nations forces depended upon improvised U.S. forward air control systems. The United States military held two competing doctrines for directing close air support (CAS). The U.S. Marine Corps' system depended on an organic supporting air wing delivering ordnance within 1,000 yards of front-line troops; this was to compensate for their weakness in artillery caused by being an amphibious force. On the other hand, the U.S. Army believed close air support should extend the range of its own organic artillery;","psg_id":"19158833"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"the precarious relations between both sides, while also offering possible advantages. As American and UN soldiers were already deployed in the war on the South Korean side, it was virtually assured that Soviet forces could not engage in open and direct hostilities against the South without provoking conflicts with other UN countries. Instead, the Soviet Union was compelled to conceal its participation in the conflict (at least to the extent where Soviet involvement could still be plausibly denied by the Soviet government) so as to minimize the risk of escalating the \"Cold War\" into a \"Hot War\" with NATO and","psg_id":"16543596"},{"title":"Soviet Union in the Korean War","text":"both an unreliable and demanding ally and took greater steps to ensure autarky from the USSR in the years following the War. In 1960, China broke from the Soviet Union in an event known today as the Sino-Soviet Split, creating a rift amongst all communist powers which were expected to pick one side of the divide. The North Korean regime, which bordered both countries, successfully navigated the split by playing one power off against the other. It did not firmly align with either power until the Soviet reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev compelled the regime to align with China. This split,","psg_id":"16543609"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"The Truce\",\n \"text\": \"home town Turin, which he had last seen 20 months ago. This book was adapted as a screenplay by Tonino Guerra for a film directed by Francesco Rosi, also titled \\\"The Truce\\\" (1997). The Truce The Truce () is a book by the Italian author Primo Levi. It is the sequel to \\\"If This Is a Man\\\" and describes the author's experiences from the liberation of Auschwitz (Monowitz), which was a concentration camp, until he reaches home in Turin, Italy, after a long journey. He describes the situation in different displaced persons camps after the Second World War. \\\"The Truce\\\",\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10588402\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"1st Commonwealth Division and the 1st South Korean Division) seized the Jamestown Line destroying elements of the 42nd Army, 47th Army, 64th Army and 65th Army, and after five days of intense combat, eventually forcing the Chinese into retreat. The operation was a success, and ended on 15 October, with a few hills south of the line still in Communist hands, requiring a follow-up operation (Operation Polecharge). The official historian for the Korean War, Robert O'Neill, wrote of this battle: \\\"In this action 3RAR had won one of the most impressive victories achieved by any Australian battalion. In five days\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585959\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"and by South Korean, American and UN troops on the other. The DMZ runs north of the parallel towards the east, and to the south as it travels west. The site of the peace talks, Kaesong, the old capital of Korea, was part of the South before hostilities broke out but is currently a special city of the North. North Korea and the United States signed the , with Syngman Rhee refusing to sign. After the war ended, Australians remained in Korea for four years as military observers. Australia gained political and security benefits, the most important being the signing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585969\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United States in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"late July 1950 Task Force Smith was overrun in the city of Taejon. Troops from the Army's 25th Infantry Division were deployed to Taejon to establish a new line and pullout the decimated 24th I.D. This addition of combat troops did not stop the North Korean advance and both American and South Korean troops were pushed further south. The first battle the Americans entered in the Korean War was the Battle of Osan, where about four hundred U.S. soldiers landed in Pusan airport on the first of July. The American troops were sent off to Taejon the next morning where\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17281510\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Truce\",\n \"text\": \"The Truce The Truce () is a book by the Italian author Primo Levi. It is the sequel to \\\"If This Is a Man\\\" and describes the author's experiences from the liberation of Auschwitz (Monowitz), which was a concentration camp, until he reaches home in Turin, Italy, after a long journey. He describes the situation in different displaced persons camps after the Second World War. \\\"The Truce\\\", the literal translation of the title, is the name of the translation published in Britain; the US title is \\\"The Reawakening\\\". The historian Fritz Stern, in a brief review on \\\"Foreign Affairs\\\", wrote\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10588397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Canada in the Korean War The Canadian Forces were involved in the 1950–1953 Korean War and its aftermath. 26,000 Canadians participated on the side of the United Nations, and Canada sent eight destroyers. Canadian aircraft provided transport, supply and logistics. 516 Canadians died, 312 of which were from combat. After the war, Canadian troops remained for three years as military observers. Japan's defeat in World War II brought an end to 35 years of Japanese occupation of the Korean Peninsula. The surrender of Japan to the Allied forces on 2 September 1945 led to the peninsula being divided into North\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215031\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"China. By April 1950, the Soviet Union had provided 63 of the North Korean Air Force's 178 aircraft, which until September 1950 proved highly effective against minimal South Korean air defenses (which was more heavily backed by US and UN air forces instead) An important area in which Soviet intervention was key in the Korean War was in the air-war. Soviet innovation in aircraft design, as well as the experience of many of its pilots following the Second World War meant that the 'new' states of China and North Korea were dependent on Soviet help in this area. Both the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543599\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"North Korea in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"these, about 10 percent of Korea’s pre-war population, were civilians. This rate of civilian casualties was higher than in World War II and the Vietnam War. Nearly 10,000 North and South Korean soldiers were also killed in battle before the war even began. North Korean casualties amount at around 600,000 civilians and 406,000 soldiers. Unlike World War II and Vietnam, the Korean War did not get much media attention in the United States. The most famous representation of the war in popular culture is the television series \\\"M*A*S*H\\\", which was set in a field hospital in South Korea. The series\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19742134\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sweden in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Sweden in the Korean War Sweden took part in the Korean War by providing the Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital and participating in the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission. The Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital was the name given to the Swedish mission sent to Korea to deal with the humanitarian situation created by the Korean War, 1950-3. Following the temporary resolution of the war in 1953, Sweden was heavily involved in maintaining the armistice through its position in the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission. Following the North Korean invasion of the South, the UN Security Council adopted a resolution asking all\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16622023\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"before hostilities broke out but is currently a special city of the North. North Korea and the United States signed the , which Syngman Rhee refused to sign. After the war ended, Canadians remained in Korea for three years as military observers. Between 1950 and 1956, over 25,000 Canadians served in Korea, and 516 died. The United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan, South Korea has the remains of 378 Canadians who died during the war. Canada in the Korean War The Canadian Forces were involved in the 1950–1953 Korean War and its aftermath. 26,000 Canadians participated on the side of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215056\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"about 30 miles across and was a section of the United Nations front occupied by British Commonwealth forces. Most of the Canadians' combat missions took place on the 30 mile zone. The Canadians' two main adversaries during the war were the North Korean army and the Chinese in the Battle of Kapyong. Canada's military objective was to give military support towards the resolution of the war on the central front, which was central Korea. Operation Killer was a counter-offensive by the United Nations forces to push Communist Chinese and North Korean Armies back behind the Han River and recover the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215039\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"The same day the war had officially begun (25 June), the United Nations immediately drafted UNSC Resolution 82, which called for: The Liberal government of Australia, led by Prime Minister Robert Menzies, immediately responded to the UN resolution by offering military assistance. 17,000 Australians served in the Korean War between 1950 and 1953, and they suffered 339 dead, and 1200 wounded. With the commitment of Australian forces to the Korean War, the Australian government called for 1000 men who had prior military experience in World War II to enlist in the army for three years, with one year of overseas\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585932\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sweden in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"personnel and 2,400 Korean personnel were treated by Swedish doctors. Because of Sweden's reputation for neutrality during the major 20th century conflicts (First World, Second World and Korean Wars), Sweden was included as one of the four founding members of the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission and several Swedish military personnel served in Korea enforcing the Panmunjom armistice. Sweden was the first Western European country to establish diplomatic relations and an embassy in North Korea. Sweden in the Korean War Sweden took part in the Korean War by providing the Swedish Red Cross Field Hospital and participating in the Neutral Nations\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16622026\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"of the ANZUS Treaty with the United States and New Zealand. After two years and 17 days of fighting the UN and North Korea had finally negotiated an agreement to suspend hostilities on 27 July 1953. Out of 17,000 Australians who served in Korea, casualties numbered more than 1,500, of whom 339 were killed. Australia in the Korean War The military history of Australia during the Korean War was very eventful. Japan's defeat in World War II heralded the end to 35 years of Japanese occupation of the Korean Peninsula. The surrender of Japan to the Allied forces on 2\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585970\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Partisans in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"They are usually called by the name of: The KongBi has now become a general term for any armed North Korean infiltrators. Against this decision, turmoil in the south begins, and USMGIK tried to calm down civil violence in the south by banning strikes on December 8 and outlawing the revolutionary government and the people's committees on December 12, 1945. Partisans in the Korean War Partisans were active before, during and after the Korean War in the South Korean peninsula. They are considered as the remnants of the Korean People's Army of North Korea, some local civilians who are in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16586503\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War The aftermath of the Korean War set the tone for Cold War tension between all the superpowers. The Korean War was important in the development of the Cold War, as it showed that the two superpowers, United States and Soviet Union, could fight a \\\"limited war\\\" in a third country. The \\\"limited war\\\" or \\\"proxy war\\\" strategy was a feature of conflicts such as the Vietnam War and the Soviet War in Afghanistan, as well as Angola, Greece, and wars in the Middle East. The Korean War was the first war in which the United\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10570131\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"in the objective that it had set with the United Nations forces. In April 1951, Chinese forces of the 118th Division attacked the Kapyong Valley in force, and pushed South Korean and New Zealand troops into retreat. Under heavy pressure, the Korean 6th Division broke, and the line collapsed. American and South Korean men poured through a gap under protective covering fire from Australians who were holding their section of the line despite heavy pressure. The 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR) and 2nd Battalion, Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (2 PPCLI) were ordered to halt this Chinese advance.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215043\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"certainly influenced by the Korean War shaped relations between the two countries until 1989. Soviet Union in the Korean War Though not officially belligerent during the Korean War (1950–1953), the Soviet Union played a significant, covert role in the conflict. It provided material and medical services, as well as Soviet pilots and aircraft, most notably MiG 15 fighter jets, to aid the North Korean-Chinese forces against the United Nations Forces. The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543610\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thailand in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Thailand in the Korean War Thailand was one of the 21 countries who responded to the United Nations request to send troops to aid South Korea during the Korean War 1950-53. As well as being one of the first countries to openly express its support for South Korea's cause, whilst also being one of the UN's larger contributors to the war. Thai support was important to battles determining the outcome of the war, including Pork Chop Hill and the Third Battle of Seoul. Thailand was the first country in Asia to send aid to South Korea. Realising that a communist\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16625419\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Canadian Army Medical Corps rotated in and out of the war. Three Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) destroyers were dispatched as Canada's initial response to the United Nations' call for assistance during the Korean War, and were sent to Korean waters to join other UN naval forces. The eight Canadian ships' duties included \\\"exciting but dangerous\\\" shore bombardments and the destruction of North Korean trains and railway lines. Initially dispatched in 1950, Canadian destroyers maintained a presence off the Korean peninsula until 1955. The ships were first under fire during the bombardment of Inchon in the middle of January 1951. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215050\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"the United States and its allies elsewhere, which could have led to a nuclear war. By officially denying its participation, the Soviets prevented the Korean War from escalating. Participation on the North Korean side was also contrary to the UN Security Council Resolution 84 by which the Soviet Union was technically bound. Along with several \\\"Eastern Block\\\" countries (notably Czechoslovakia), the Soviet Union sent over 20 doctors to Korea to aid Communist forces there, similar to Indian, Italian, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish medical detachments in Southern Korea who did not have military force engaged, but merely offered humanitarian support instead.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543597\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Student soldiers in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"who could prove they met the criteria were handed the award. In 1997, the government handed it out to a further 45 people who had failed to receive it before. On June 16, 2010, the movie \\\"\\\" was released, which depicted the death of 71 students during the Korean War, mainly in August 1950. \\\"Taegukgi: The Brotherhood of War\\\" mentions the soldiers, although the main focus is on the personal story of two brothers, one in education when drafted. Student soldiers in the Korean War Student soldiers were individuals in Korea who volunteered or were forced to cease their studies\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20768423\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"and the United Nations Security Council asked its members to help repel the North Korean attack. Australia immediately contributed No. 77 Squadron RAAF and the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment (3 RAR), both of which were stationed in Japan under the British Commonwealth Occupation Force (BCOF). No. 77 Squadron converted to P-51D Mustang fighters before arriving in Japan in February 1946 to participate in the British Commonwealth Occupation Force. Occupation duties proved uneventful, and No. 77 Squadron was preparing to leave Japan for Australia when the Korean War broke out in June 1950. 77 Sqn was immediately dispatched to Korea,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585934\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Student soldiers in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Province during the Korean War. In the exhibition room, there are about 200 artifacts such as diaries, photographs, and weapons used by the municipal police officers at the time, worn clothes. In addition, war-related documentaries are shown in the audiovisual room. This tower is located at Seoul National Cemetery. In this tower, the remains of 48 unknown warriors who were killed in Pohang district during the Korean War were buried in a hemispherical grave. As the war broke out in the wake of the Korean War, the country's fate was at risk, and about 50,000 students were dressed in school\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20768419\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United States in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"were suffering, eating out of garbage, and many people starved. Meanwhile, the U.S. troops in the Korean War were in great demand of uniforms and other equipment. The American government turned to Japan for the favor, which eventually stimulated the manufacturing factories that were in jeopardy due to damage caused by World War II. Japan accepted the offer and mainly supplied U.S. troops in Korea with uniforms and other sorts of clothing. Bases were also erected in Japan for U.S. Air Force planes, such as B-29 Superfortress bombers. United States in the Korean War At the conclusion of World War\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17281515\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"New Zealand in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"was killed in February 1953 when his Hawker Sea Fury was shot down by ground fire. Five New Zealanders took part in Royal Australian Navy missions over Korea from the Australian carrier HMAS \\\"Sydney\\\". Some of these pilots were former RNZAF members, others joining directly the British and Australian forces. New Zealand in the Korean War The involvement of New Zealand in the Korean War began in 1950 as a response to the United Nations Security Council's call for combat assistance in the erupting Korean War. New Zealand was one of the first (of a total of sixteen) nations to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9895284\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"conflicts played more of a role in not deploying them than the threat of a possible nuclear exchange. When Eisenhower succeeded Truman in early 1953 he was similarly cautious about using nuclear weapons in Korea, including for diplomatic purposes to encourage progress in ongoing truce discussions. The administration prepared contingency plans to use them against China, but like Truman, the new president feared doing so would result in Soviet attacks on Japan. The war ended as it began, without U.S. nuclear weapons deployed near battle. There were numerous atrocities and massacres of civilians throughout the Korean war committed by both\",\n \"psg_id\": \"229248\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Student soldiers in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Student soldiers in the Korean War Student soldiers were individuals in Korea who volunteered or were forced to cease their studies and fight as soldiers during the Korean War. The soldiers were typically high school students. In its narrowest sense, it often refers only to students who were forced to join them during the Japanese occupation period and Korean War. Generally, those studying found themselves exempt from the draft but in emergency situations, students were drafted into the army and engaged in the battle. It was the first time that the student soldier was organized because they had gathered in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20768410\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53\",\n \"text\": \"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 is the official history of Australia's involvement in the Korean War. The series consists of two volumes covering Australia's strategy and diplomacy in the war and the Australian military's combat operations respectively. Both volumes were written by Robert O'Neill, and they were published in 1981 and 1985. In 1970 Robert O'Neill was selected by the Australian Government as the official historian of the Korean War. O'Neill had served as the 5th Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment's intelligence officer during the Vietnam War, and had later become an academic. At\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13330291\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"One RCN aviator flew with the U.S. Navy. In 1950, the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) was heavily involved with the transportation of personnel and supplies in support of the Korean War. No. 426 Transport Squadron was attached to the Military Air Transport Service. During Canada's involvement in the Korean War, 600 trans-Pacific flights were flown carrying 3000 tons of cargo and 13,000 passengers. The RCAF suffered no losses. The RCAF was not involved with a combat role since no jet fighter squadrons capable of the type of combat required in Korea were yet in service, and capable fighter squadrons\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215052\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War Though not officially belligerent during the Korean War (1950–1953), the Soviet Union played a significant, covert role in the conflict. It provided material and medical services, as well as Soviet pilots and aircraft, most notably MiG 15 fighter jets, to aid the North Korean-Chinese forces against the United Nations Forces. The Soviet 25th Army took part in the Soviet advance into northern Korea immediately after World War II had ended, and was headquartered at Pyongyang for a period. Like the American forces in the south, Soviet troops remained in Korea after the end of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543594\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"the war to rebuild the country. Soviet soldiers were instrumental in the creation and early development of the North Korean People's Army and Korean People's Air Force, as well as for stabilizing the early years of the Northern regime. The Shineuiju Air Force Academy was founded under Soviet leadership on 25 October 1945 in order to train new pilots. Because at the time the war broke out in 1950, the Communist Soviet Union, China and their allies were already locked into a \\\"Cold War\\\" with capitalist countries, both sides felt that the Korean Conflict carried the potential to further destabilize\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543595\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thailand in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"outpost hills along the front line while having a truce talk at Panmunjeom. A typical hill battle was waged at \\\"Porkchop Hill\\\", then held by soldiers of the 21st Thai Infantry Battalion, who repulsed an attack by the Chinese People's Volunteers. After this victory, the United States military awarded one Thai soldier the prestigious Legion of Merit, while 12 received Silver Stars and 26 were awarded a Bronze Star Medal. They were given the nickname \\\"Little Tigers\\\" by General James Van Fleet, commander of the 8th US Army. The Chinese made an all out effort to capture Porkchop Hill, attacking\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16625421\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"to as the Fifth Phase Offensive, with the intention of recapturing Seoul. The Chinese launched a major assault between 22 and 25 April that resulted in a victory in the Battle of the Imjin River. At the same time, the UN repelled Chinese forces at Kapyong. Chinese forces of the 118th Division attacked the Kapyong Valley in force, and pushed South Korean and New Zealand troops into retreat. Under heavy pressure, the Korean 6th Division broke, and the line collapsed. American and South Korean men poured through a gap under protective covering fire from Australians who were holding their section\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585951\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thailand in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"to Korea. It is recorded that 136 Thai soldiers had lost their lives in the war. In 1974, the Government of the Republic of Korea built a monument, and a Thai pavilion in Pocheon City, to honour the Thai soldiers who took part in the Korean War. On 4 November 2008, the Thai Embassy in Seoul, with the cooperation from the Office of Defense Attache, hosted the opening ceremony of the Thai memorial at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Korea (UNMCK) to commemorate the sacrifices made by Thai soldiers during the Korean War. Nowadays, the Thai Government has maintained\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16625425\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thailand in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Korea. They sailed for home a year and a half after the armistice on January 21, 1955. The transport ship HTMS \\\"Sichang\\\" arrived in Korea on November 7, 1950, remaining there until July 15, 1951. Royal Thai Air Force supply Douglas C-47 Skytrain aircraft took part in Korean war. On September 22, 1950, the Thai Government ordered units of its forces to assist the United Nations military operations in the Korea War. Three task force contingents of the Royal Thai Air Force would serve South Korea: During the course of the Korean War, Thailand dispatched a total of 11,786 soldiers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16625424\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United States in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Major General John H. Church the head of U.S. field headquarters was confident in the US troop's strengths to push back the North Koreans. On July fifth the troops were finally put to the test when North Korean tanks crept towards Osan. The four hundred infantryman of the U.S. also called Task Force Smith opened fire on the North Koreans at 8:16 am. Only four of the North Korean tanks were destroyed and twenty-nine kept moving forward breaking the US line. At the end of the battle only two more North Korean Tanks and two regiments of North Korean infantry\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17281511\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"forces than in previous wars. For service during the Korean War, the U.S. military issued the Korean Service Medal. However, many still-living Korean War veterans claim that their country tends to neglect the remembrance of this war. With more overt displays made for World War I, World War II, the Vietnam War, the Persian Gulf War, the War in Afghanistan, and the Iraq war, the Korean War has come to be dubbed by some as the \\\"Forgotten war\\\" or the \\\"Unknown War.\\\" As a partial remedy, the Korean War Veterans Memorial was built in Washington, D.C. and dedicated to veterans\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10570162\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"June 1950 beginning a civil war. The invasion of South Korea came as a surprise to the United Nations. The day the war began, the United Nations immediately drafted UNSC Resolution 82, which called for: When the North Korean Army crossed into South Korea on 25 June 1950, they advanced for the capital Seoul, which fell in less than a week. North Korea's forces continued toward the port of Pusan, a strategic goal and the seat of the ROK government. The forces of the North conquered all of Korea except for this tiny enclave at the end of the peninsula.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215034\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War 1950–53\",\n \"text\": \"the editor of \\\"The Official History of Australia's Involvement in Southeast Asian Conflicts 1948–1975\\\", states that the first volume in the series has been of most importance to Australian historiography due to its \\\"detailed and authoritative\\\" coverage of the ANZUS treaty. There was little public interest in the books after they were released, however, and sales of both volumes were slow. Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 Australia in the Korean War 1950–53 is the official history of Australia's involvement in the Korean War. The series consists of two volumes covering Australia's strategy and diplomacy in the war and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13330295\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States\",\n \"text\": \"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States The impact of the Korean War on the Economy of the United States refers to the ways in which the American economy was affected by the Korean experience from 1950 to 1953. While the cost of the Korean War was less significant than that of World War II, it still changed the structure of the American growth as a result of its financing. The Korean War boosted GDP growth through government spending, which in turn constrained investment and consumption. While taxes were raised significantly to finance the war,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17184696\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"North Korea in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Republic of Korea to the north and the pro-Western Republic of Korea to the south. This invasion was the first military action of the Cold War. Tactics were based on Soviet doctrine which emphasised rapid advances spearheaded by armoured and infantry assaults. The quality and power of the KPA’s initial invasion resulted in its opponents being forced back to the southern tip of the Korean peninsula. By July, American troops had entered the war on South Korea’s behalf. As far as American officials were concerned, it was a war against the forces of international communism itself. After some early back-and-forth\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19742127\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Truce (1997 film)\",\n \"text\": \"contributes to the \\\"cinema of poetry,\\\" as defined by Pier Paolo Pasolini. Brian Webster, writing for the \\\"Apollo Guide\\\", finds the film \\\"a war story with little violence and virtually no sentimentality. If you're not ready for it, you might find The Truce passing before your eyes without making much of an impact. It doesn't smack you in the face with a powerful message, but instead works its way inside you more gradually.\\\" The Truce (1997 film) The Truce () is a 1997 film directed by Francesco Rosi, written by Tonino Guerra, based on Primo Levi's memoir, \\\"The Truce\\\". The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11193371\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"in the French Parliament was caused by Gaullist fears that the creation of the EDC threatened France's national sovereignty. The EDC was not ratified, and the initiative collapsed in August 1955. Aftermath of the Korean War The aftermath of the Korean War set the tone for Cold War tension between all the superpowers. The Korean War was important in the development of the Cold War, as it showed that the two superpowers, United States and Soviet Union, could fight a \\\"limited war\\\" in a third country. The \\\"limited war\\\" or \\\"proxy war\\\" strategy was a feature of conflicts such as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10570165\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Parallel Line (song)\",\n \"text\": \"Parallel Line (song) On 15 December 2016, Fuji TV's Noitamina revealed that Sayuri would perform \\\"Parallel Line\\\" as ending theme song for \\\"Scum's Wish\\\". Parallel Line was released as a single on 1 March 2017 on three edition; Reguler edition, Limited edition and Limited anime edition. The single reached number 10 on Oricon and Japan Hot 100 and 4 on Japan Hot Animation with spent 8, 5 and 6 weeks respectively. The music video for \\\"Parallel Line\\\" was directed by Yasuhiro Arafune and the storyboards were created from \\\"Scum's Wish's\\\" author Mengo Yokoyari. The video features Sayuri singing in front\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20179241\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Flying Cross was Ernie Glover. He was also a World War II veteran who flew Hurricane fighter planes. He was known for shooting down three enemy planes in less than two days and contributing a major effort to the South Korean air support throughout the war. During the war, the United Nations had air dominance, giving them an advantage in air to ground offences. When the USAF experienced a shortage of F-86s, Canada supplied sixty Canadair Sabres. On 29 November 1952, U.S. President-elect Dwight D. Eisenhower fulfilled a campaign promise by going to Korea to find out what could be\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215054\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Truce (1997 film)\",\n \"text\": \"The Truce (1997 film) The Truce () is a 1997 film directed by Francesco Rosi, written by Tonino Guerra, based on Primo Levi's memoir, \\\"The Truce\\\". The film deals with Primo Levi's experiences returning to Italy in 1945 after the Red Army liberated the concentration camp at Auschwitz during the Second World War. This was Rosi's final film before his death in 2015. Although liberated on January 27, 1945, Levi did not reach Turin until October 19 of that year. After spending some time in a Soviet camp for former concentration camp inmates, he embarked on an arduous journey home\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11193369\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"United States in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"were destroyed. The US had lost the battle, revealing that the mere sight of US troops would not reverse the military balance in Korea. By early August, the North Korean troops had pushed back the US and South Korean troops all the way to Naktong River, which is located about thirty miles from Pusan. The two weeks of fighting following this resulted in the most casualties of US troops than any other equivalent period of this war. However, during this time the US pushed supplies and personnel to Korea and by the end of July South Koreans and US troops\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17281512\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"coastal defence fire was inaccurate, and the ships doubled back and silenced the guns. Another bombardment at Inchon two days later was also successful, without damage. The only Canadian naval casualties of the Korean War occurred on 2 October 1952 during an inshore patrol by on the east coast, inflicted by a coastal defence battery: 3 sailors died and 10 were wounded. Canadian ships destroyed 8 of the 28 trains destroyed by United Nations forces, and alone hit 3 trains. The first dispatch was: , and , which were followed by , \\\"Iroquois\\\", , and \\\"Crusader\\\". 3621 Canadian sailors participated.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215051\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"pilots flying MiG-15 jets participated in battles around the Yalu River Valley on the Chinese-Korean border in the area known as \\\"Mig Alley\\\" and in operations against UN \\\"trainbusting\\\" attacks in Northern Korea, with considerable success. The lack of a shared language between Soviet, Chinese and North Korean pilots frequently led to incidences of friendly fire as other MiG fighters were mistaken for American F-86 Sabre jets and shot down. The MiG-15 was a jet aircraft, supplied in large numbers to Chinese and North Korean forces during the war by the Soviet Union. Owing to their modern design (they were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543603\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"of the country's recent history, some also believe that sending the country's soldiers to die for the interests of the \\\"imperialist powers\\\" was one of the most misguided foreign policy decisions ever made by the Turkish Republic. Nevertheless, Turkey's entrance into the war as part of the U.N. command did indeed have a great impact on earning a place in NATO. Thus, Turkey can be considered a country which benefited from the Korean War. The Defense Department estimated that the United States spent $15 billion (equivalent to $ billion today) on the Korean War. The American defense budget had nearly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10570158\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States\",\n \"text\": \"benefits as the World War II G.I. Bill, including mustering-out pay, financial support for education, home and business loan guarantees, unemployment compensation, and job placement. Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States The impact of the Korean War on the Economy of the United States refers to the ways in which the American economy was affected by the Korean experience from 1950 to 1953. While the cost of the Korean War was less significant than that of World War II, it still changed the structure of the American growth as a result of its financing.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17184705\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"where they became the first UN air unit to enter the war, primarily in ground support, combat air patrol, and escort missions. 3 RAR was rapidly committed as Australia's main land force contribution to the United Nations forces in the Korean War. After a period of intensive training and reinforcement in Japan, the battalion arrived in South Korea in late September 1950. The battalion formed part of the 27th Commonwealth Brigade and took part in the United Nations offensive into North Korea and the subsequent retreat into South Korea following the Chinese offensive in the winter of 1950–51. It was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585935\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Impact of the Korean War on the economy of the United States\",\n \"text\": \"tensions with the Soviet Union, the Korean War further increased it. The Korean War cost the US$30 billion in 1953, which is equivalent to US$341 billion in 2011. During the last year of the war, annual war expenditure comprised about 14.1 percent of GDP. Approximately 34,000 Americans were killed in battle and about another 2,800 died from disease or injury, with total US casualties, which includes dead, wounded, and missing in action, adding up to 139,860. The \\\"Korean War GI Bill\\\" was implemented in 1952, eventually covering veterans between June 27, 1950 and February 1, 1955. It offered the same\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17184704\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"No. 77 Squadron operated in the ground attack role from December 1951 until the end of the war; it remained in South Korea on garrison duties until returning to Australia in November 1954. The Battle of Sunchon was an air battle fought near the city of Sunchon on 1 December 1951, 12 Gloster Meteor jets of the RAAF's No. 77 Squadron were attacked by 40–50 Chinese MiG-15s. Despite their Meteors having inferior manoeuvrability to the Soviet-built MiGs, the Australian pilots managed to score their first victories of the Korean War, for the loss of three aircraft. Accounts vary, with the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585967\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Australia in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"border between North Korea and China, and extend their rollback policy into China. Many in the West, including General MacArthur, thought that spreading the war to China would be necessary and that since North Korean troops were being supplied by bases in China, those supply depots should be bombed. However, Truman and the other leaders disagreed, and MacArthur was ordered to be very cautious when approaching the Chinese border. Except on some rare occasions, UN bombers remained out of Manchuria during the war. China warned American leaders through neutral diplomats that it would intervene to protect its national security, however\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11585947\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Canada in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"recommended recruiting a separate Special Force for the Korean War. Recruits for the Special Force were enlisted for a period of eighteen months with recruits coming from both the Active Force, World War II veterans and adventure seeking young men. The normal recruitment standards were lowered since \\\"the army would not wish to retain the 'soldier of fortune' type of personnel on a long term basis'\\\". Units of the Special Force would be second battalions of the existing three Permanent Force regiments. On 15 August 1950, the 2nd Battalion was created within Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI) as a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17215036\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Parallel Line (song)\",\n \"text\": \"of mirrors with night sky and cracked glass effect. Sometimes scene shifts to a classroom and a white background. It was also mixed with the scene from anime \\\"Scum's Wish\\\". All tracks written by Sayuri. Parallel Line (song) On 15 December 2016, Fuji TV's Noitamina revealed that Sayuri would perform \\\"Parallel Line\\\" as ending theme song for \\\"Scum's Wish\\\". Parallel Line was released as a single on 1 March 2017 on three edition; Reguler edition, Limited edition and Limited anime edition. The single reached number 10 on Oricon and Japan Hot 100 and 4 on Japan Hot Animation with spent\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20179242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Aftermath of the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"SEATO (1954). However, because of the war, the authority of the Soviet State grew, which showed in its readiness to interfere in developing countries of the Third World, many of which after the Korean war went down the socialist path of development, after selecting the Soviet Union as their patron. It is generally assumed that the war was a heavy burden on the national economy of the Soviet Union, which was still suffering from the effects of World War II. Expenditures for defense certainly grew more sharply than they otherwise would have. However, it has been claimed that in fact\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10570152\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"generally declined following the December Massacres but the Rhee regime further cemented its heavy-handed image. The massacres made easy political propaganda for communist forces and were used to denounce the regime in the South for years to come. December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War The December Massacres were a series of politically motivated executions carried out by the South Korean government following the recapture of Pyongyang by communist forces in the Korean War. The killings took place mainly in and around Seoul but also in other locations in South Korea. It is believed the South Korean government executed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18763246\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"December Massacres of 1950 in the Korean War The December Massacres were a series of politically motivated executions carried out by the South Korean government following the recapture of Pyongyang by communist forces in the Korean War. The killings took place mainly in and around Seoul but also in other locations in South Korea. It is believed the South Korean government executed thousands of people though accurate estimates are difficult to come by. The Rhee regime received criticism from the international community and the executions damaged his image. In October 1950, United Nations and Republic of Korea (ROK) forces had\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18763239\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"South Korea in the Vietnam War\",\n \"text\": \"Lai Đại Hàn were ostracised and neglected by Vietnamese society following the war. Korean civil groups have discussed the issue considerably, and calls have been made for a Korean inquiry, in line with the Truth and Reconciliation Commission on massacres committed by government forces during the Korean War, known as the People's Tribunal on War Crimes by South Korean Troops during the Vietnam War. The alleged war crimes have had an impact upon South Korea–Vietnam relations and led the Vietnamese government to oppose the \\\"commemoration of mercenaries\\\" when South Korean President Moon Jae-in honoured the 50th Anniversary of South Korean\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17631892\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Forward air control operations during the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"Forward air control operations during the Korean War Forward air controllers in the Korean War were prominent throughout the conflict. United Nations forces depended upon improvised U.S. forward air control systems. The United States military held two competing doctrines for directing close air support (CAS). The U.S. Marine Corps' system depended on an organic supporting air wing delivering ordnance within 1,000 yards of front-line troops; this was to compensate for their weakness in artillery caused by being an amphibious force. On the other hand, the U.S. Army believed close air support should extend the range of its own organic artillery;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19158833\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"the precarious relations between both sides, while also offering possible advantages. As American and UN soldiers were already deployed in the war on the South Korean side, it was virtually assured that Soviet forces could not engage in open and direct hostilities against the South without provoking conflicts with other UN countries. Instead, the Soviet Union was compelled to conceal its participation in the conflict (at least to the extent where Soviet involvement could still be plausibly denied by the Soviet government) so as to minimize the risk of escalating the \\\"Cold War\\\" into a \\\"Hot War\\\" with NATO and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543596\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Soviet Union in the Korean War\",\n \"text\": \"both an unreliable and demanding ally and took greater steps to ensure autarky from the USSR in the years following the War. In 1960, China broke from the Soviet Union in an event known today as the Sino-Soviet Split, creating a rift amongst all communist powers which were expected to pick one side of the divide. The North Korean regime, which bordered both countries, successfully navigated the split by playing one power off against the other. It did not firmly align with either power until the Soviet reforms under Mikhail Gorbachev compelled the regime to align with China. This split,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16543609\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["38th parallel","38th parallel","38th parallel (disambiguation)"],"string":"[\n \"38th parallel\",\n \"38th parallel\",\n \"38th parallel (disambiguation)\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":96,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"on a computer keyboard which letter is between a and d?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Keyboard computer","text":"Keyboard computer A keyboard computer is a computer which contains all of the regular components of a personal computer, except for a screen, in the same housing as the keyboard. The power supply is typically external and connects to the computer via an adapter cable. The motherboard is specially designed to fit inside, and the device is larger than most standard keyboards. Additional peripheral components such as a monitor are connected to the computer via external ports. Usually no or only a minimum of storage devices is built in. Most home computers of the late 1970s and during the 1980s","psg_id":"14858130"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"key presses can produce actions or execute computer commands. In normal usage, the keyboard is used as a text entry interface for typing text and numbers into a word processor, text editor or any other program. In a modern computer, the interpretation of key presses is generally left to the software. A computer keyboard distinguishes each physical key from every other key and reports all key presses to the controlling software. Keyboards are also used for computer gaming — either regular keyboards or keyboards with special gaming features, which can expedite frequently used keystroke combinations. A keyboard is also used","psg_id":"12323751"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"Computer keyboard In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input method for computers. Keyboard keys (buttons) typically have characters engraved or printed on them, and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, producing some symbols may require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous","psg_id":"12323750"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"the Y lines and, when a key is depressed, detected sequentially by scanning the X lines. The first computer keyboards were for mainframe computer data terminals and used discrete electronic parts. The first keyboard microprocessor was introduced in 1972 by General Instruments, but keyboards have been using the single-chip 8048 microcontroller variant since it became available in 1978. The keyboard switch matrix is wired to its inputs, it converts the keystrokes to key codes, and, for a detached keyboard, sends the codes down a serial cable (the keyboard cord) to the main processor on the computer motherboard. This serial keyboard","psg_id":"12323802"},{"title":"Keyboard computer","text":"were keyboard computers, the Commodore VIC-20 and the Atari ST being prime examples. While this form factor went out of style around 1990 in favour for more standard PC setups, some notable x86 keyboard computers have been built, like the Olivetti Prodest PC1 in 1988 and the Schneider EuroPC Series between 1988 and 1995. Cybernet Manufacturing is still producing similar devices, using Intel Quad Core processors. Newer developments include the Commodore 64 WebIt by Tulip, the Asus Eee Keyboard, which uses an Intel Atom processor, and optionally solid state hard drives. Or designs like the Commodore Invictus PC.<refm Keyboard computer","psg_id":"14858131"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"cable communication is only bi-directional to the extent that the computer's electronics controls the illumination of the caps lock, num lock and scroll lock lights. One test for whether the computer has crashed is pressing the caps lock key. The keyboard sends the key code to the keyboard driver running in the main computer; if the main computer is operating, it commands the light to turn on. All the other indicator lights work in a similar way. The keyboard driver also tracks the Shift, alt and control state of the keyboard. Some lower-quality keyboards have multiple or false key entries","psg_id":"12323803"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"enter key is usually shaped differently. Computer keyboards are similar to electric-typewriter keyboards but contain additional keys, such as the command or Windows keys. There is no standard computer keyboard, although many manufacturers imitate the keyboard of PCs. There are actually three different PC keyboards: the original PC keyboard with 84 keys, the AT keyboard also with 84 keys and the enhanced keyboard with 101 keys. The three differ somewhat in the placement of function keys, the control keys, the return key, and the shift key. Keyboards on laptops and notebook computers usually have a shorter travel distance for the","psg_id":"12323758"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"the arms and hands. Some keyboards were found to contain five times more potentially harmful germs than a toilet seat. This can be a concern when using shared keyboards; the keyboards can serve as vectors for pathogens that cause the cold, flu, and other communicable diseases easily spread by indirect contact. Computer keyboard In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input method for computers. Keyboard keys","psg_id":"12323819"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"includes a required combination transmitter and receiver unit that attaches to the computer's keyboard port. The wireless aspect is achieved either by radio frequency (RF) or by infrared (IR) signals sent and received from both the keyboard and the unit attached to the computer. A wireless keyboard may use an industry standard RF, called Bluetooth. With Bluetooth, the transceiver may be built into the computer. However, a wireless keyboard needs batteries to work and may pose a security problem due to the risk of data \"eavesdropping\" by hackers. Wireless solar keyboards charge their batteries from small solar panels using sunlight","psg_id":"12323809"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"both data entry onto magnetic tape (instead of paper) and data output. The keyboard remained the primary, most integrated computer peripheral well into the era of personal computing until the introduction of the mouse as a consumer device in 1984. By this time, text-only user interfaces with sparse graphics gave way to comparatively graphics-rich icons on screen. However, keyboards remain central to human-computer interaction to the present, even as mobile personal computing devices such as smartphones and tablets adapt the keyboard as an optional virtual, touchscreen-based means of data entry. One factor determining the size of a keyboard is the","psg_id":"12323755"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"devices, which soon evolved to include keys for text and number entry akin to normal typewriters by the 1930s. The keyboard on the teleprinter played a strong role in point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication for most of the 20th century, while the keyboard on the keypunch device played a strong role in data entry and storage for just as long. The development of the earliest computers incorporated electric typewriter keyboards: the development of the ENIAC computer incorporated a keypunch device as both the input and paper-based output device, while the BINAC computer also made use of an electromechanically controlled typewriter for","psg_id":"12323754"},{"title":"A Computer Animated Hand","text":"and typed them into the machine with a Teletype keyboard. With a 3-D animation program Catmull wrote, they could reproduce the disembodied hand on a screen and make it move. During this time, Parke had created a computer animation of his wife's face as well, which is seen in the film. Transferring the images to film was a task in itself. Because the display hardware never showed the entire image on screen at any one moment, Catmull could see a frame of his work only by taking a long-exposure Polaroid of the screen and looking at the snapshot. Once satisfied,","psg_id":"16208640"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"to give commands to the operating system of a computer, such as Windows' Control-Alt-Delete combination. Although on Pre-Windows 95 Microsoft operating systems this forced a re-boot, now it brings up a system security options screen. A command-line interface is a type of user interface navigated entirely using a keyboard, or some other similar device that does the job of one. While typewriters are the definitive ancestor of all key-based text entry devices, the computer keyboard as a device for electromechanical data entry and communication derives largely from the utility of two devices: teleprinters (or teletypes) and keypunches. It was through","psg_id":"12323752"},{"title":"Chorded keyboard","text":"keyboard. A chorded keyboard minus the board, typically designed to be used while held in the hand, is called a keyer. Douglas Engelbart introduced the chorded keyset as a computer interface in 1968 at what is often called \"The Mother of All Demos\". Each key is mapped to a number and then can be mapped to a corresponding letter or command. By pressing two or more keys together the user can generate many combinations. In Engelbart's original mapping, he used five keys: 1,2,4,8,16. The keys were mapped as follows: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d =","psg_id":"78788"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"hook into the keyboard with functions provided by the OS, or use remote access software to transmit recorded data out of the target computer to a remote location. Some hackers also use wireless keylogger sniffers to collect packets of data being transferred from a wireless keyboard and its receiver, and then they crack the encryption key being used to secure wireless communications between the two devices. Anti-spyware applications are able to detect many keyloggers and cleanse them. Responsible vendors of monitoring software support detection by anti-spyware programs, thus preventing abuse of the software. Enabling a firewall does not stop keyloggers","psg_id":"12323814"},{"title":"PLUM keyboard","text":"keyboard layouts, their pains went away. While there are currently no good studies comparing the efficiency of the PLUM and Dvorak keyboards, the Dvorak keyboard is more mainstream, but the PLUM keyboard has a keyboard layout that many find more memorable, with the rows spelling out the words \"PLUM,\" \"READONTHIS\" and \"WXYZ\". As of 2012, PLUM keyboards were no longer being manufactured. PLUM keyboard The PLUM keyboard is a computer keyboard which varies from the traditional QWERTY keyboard in both physical key layout and letter arrangement. Unlike most keyboards, the PLUM keyboard organizes keys in a square grid, as opposed","psg_id":"5524671"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"is similar to the Greek in that in most (but not all) cases, a given Armenian letter is at the same location as the corresponding Latin letter on the QWERTY keyboard. The illustrated keyboard layout can be enabled on Linux with: . Western and Eastern Armenian have different layouts. The current official Bulgarian keyboard layout for both typewriters and computer keyboards is described in BDS (Bulgarian State/National Standard) 5237:1978. It superseded the old standard, BDS 5237:1968, on 1 January 1978. Like the Dvorak keyboard, it has been designed to optimize typing speed and efficiency, placing the most common letters in","psg_id":"14318189"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"key's symbol is usually a small icon depicting a cursor hovering above a menu. On some Samsung keyboards the cursor in the icon is not present, showing the menu only. This key was created at the same time as the Windows key. This key is normally used when the right mouse button is not present on the mouse. Some Windows public terminals do not have a Menu key on their keyboard to prevent users from right-clicking (however, in many Windows applications, a similar functionality can be invoked with the Shift+F10 keyboard shortcut). Many, but not all, computer keyboards have a","psg_id":"12323788"},{"title":"PLUM keyboard","text":"PLUM keyboard The PLUM keyboard is a computer keyboard which varies from the traditional QWERTY keyboard in both physical key layout and letter arrangement. Unlike most keyboards, the PLUM keyboard organizes keys in a square grid, as opposed to the staggered rows of a typewriter. Though the Plum Keyboard is currently off-line, it is still being promoted. The purpose of the product is to teach non-typists how to type, not to encourage Qwerty users to switch. The ergonomic advantages are secondary to the incredibly short learning curve. New typists learning Qwerty can typically expect a 4- to 6-week learning curve,","psg_id":"5524667"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"modifier and for Windows keyboards, there is a Windows key. Compact keyboard layouts often use a Fn key. \"Dead keys\" allow placement of a diacritic mark, such as an accent, on the following letter (e.g., the Compose key). The Enter/Return key typically causes a command line, window form or dialog box to operate its default function, which is typically to finish an \"entry\" and begin the desired process. In word processing applications, pressing the enter key ends a paragraph and starts a new one. Navigation keys or cursor keys include a variety of keys which move the cursor to different","psg_id":"12323779"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"per row of keys (most commonly horizontal beam). There are a number of different arrangements of alphabetic, numeric, and punctuation symbols on keys. These different keyboard layouts arise mainly because different people need easy access to different symbols, either because they are inputting text in different languages, or because they need a specialized layout for mathematics, accounting, computer programming, or other purposes. The United States keyboard layout is used as default in the currently most popular operating systems: Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The common QWERTY-based layout was designed early in the era of mechanical typewriters, so its ergonomics","psg_id":"12323770"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"due to inadequate electrical designs. These are caused by inadequate keyswitch \"debouncing\" or inadequate keyswitch matrix layout that don't allow multiple keys to be depressed at the same time, both circumstances which are explained below: When pressing a keyboard key, the key contacts may \"bounce\" against each other for several milliseconds before they settle into firm contact. When released, they bounce some more until they revert to the uncontacted state. If the computer were watching for each pulse, it would see many keystrokes for what the user thought was just one. To resolve this problem, the processor in a keyboard","psg_id":"12323804"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"were compromised to allow for the mechanical limitations of the typewriter. As the letter-keys were attached to levers that needed to move freely, inventor Christopher Sholes developed the QWERTY layout to reduce the likelihood of jamming. With the advent of computers, lever jams are no longer an issue, but nevertheless, QWERTY layouts were adopted for electronic keyboards because they were widely used. Alternative layouts such as the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard are not in widespread use. The QWERTZ layout is widely used in Germany and much of Central Europe. The main difference between it and QWERTY is that Y and Z","psg_id":"12323771"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"yet only be accessed by pressing two sets of keys at once; one acting as a function key similar to a 'Shift' key that would allow for capital letters on a standard keyboard. Handheld keyboards allow the user the ability to move around a room or to lean back on a chair while also being able to type in front or away from the computer. Some variations of handheld ergonomic keyboards also include a trackball mouse that allow mouse movement and typing included in one handheld device. Smaller external keyboards have been introduced for devices without a built-in keyboard, such","psg_id":"12323761"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"signatures that can be detected using special spying equipment to reconstruct the keys pressed on the keyboard. Neal O'Farrell, executive director of the Identity Theft Council, revealed to InformationWeek that \"More than 25 years ago, a couple of former spooks showed me how they could capture a user's ATM PIN, from a van parked across the street, simply by capturing and decoding the electromagnetic signals generated by every keystroke,\" O'Farrell said. \"They could even capture keystrokes from computers in nearby offices, but the technology wasn't sophisticated enough to focus in on any specific computer.\" The use of any keyboard may","psg_id":"12323816"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"reference number, \"raw keycodes\", and these numbers are what is sent to the computer when a key is pressed or released.) The keyboard and the computer each have no information about what is marked on that key, and it could equally well be the letter \"A\" or the digit \"9\". The user of the computer is requested to identify the \"functional layout\" of the keyboard when installing the operating system. Today, most keyboards use one of three different mechanical layouts, usually referred to as simply \"ISO\" (ISO/IEC 9995-2), \"ANSI\" (ANSI-INCITS 154-1988), and \"JIS\" (JIS X 6002-1980), referring roughly to the","psg_id":"14318140"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"by the keyboard driver software. A key press generates a scancode which is interpreted as an alphanumeric character or control function. Depending on operating systems, various application programs are available to create, add and switch among keyboard layouts. Many programs are available, some of which are language specific. The arrangement of symbols of specific language can be customized. An existing keyboard layout can be edited, and a new layout can be created using this type of software. For example, for Mac, The Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator and open-source Avro Keyboard for Windows provide the ability to customize the keyboard layout","psg_id":"12323791"},{"title":"Computer port (hardware)","text":"signals between devices. Bent pins are easier to replace on a cable than on a connector attached to a computer, so it was common to use connectors for the fixed side of an interface. Computer ports in common use cover a wide variety of shapes such as round (PS/2, etc.), rectangular (FireWire, etc.), square (Telephone plug), trapezoidal (D-Sub — the old printer port was a DB-25), etc. There is some standardization to physical properties and function. For instance, most computers have a keyboard port (currently a Universal Serial Bus USB-like outlet referred to as USB Port), into which the keyboard","psg_id":"7710055"},{"title":"Portuguese keyboard layout","text":"Portuguese keyboard layout There are two QWERTY-based keyboard layouts used for the Portuguese language. Additionally, there are two variants of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard designed for Brazilian Portuguese. Typewriters in Portuguese-speaking countries generally have a separate extra key for \"Ç\", and a dead key for each diacritic except the cedilla; so that \"Á\" is obtained by typing first the acute accent, then the letter \"A\". The same thing happens with computer keyboards, except when using an \"English – International\" keyboard layout, where to type \"Ç\" one should first type the acute accent and then the letter \"C\". The Brazilian keyboards","psg_id":"8517581"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"keystroke, shorter over travel distance, and a reduced set of keys. They may not have a numeric keypad, and the function keys may be placed in locations that differ from their placement on a standard, full-sized keyboard. The switch mechanism for a laptop keyboard is more likely to be a scissor switch than a rubber dome; this is opposite the trend for full-size keyboards. Flexible keyboards are a junction between normal type and laptop type keyboards: normal from the full arrangement of keys, and laptop from the short key distance. Additionally, the flexibility allows the user to fold/roll the keyboard","psg_id":"12323759"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"the right of L (where colon/semicolon is on a US keyboard). The digits 0 to 9 are on the same keys, but to be typed the shift key must be pressed. The unshifted positions are used for accented characters. In bilingual regions of Canada and in the French-speaking province of Québec, keyboards can often be switched between an English and a French-language keyboard; while both keyboards share the same QWERTY alphabetic layout, the French-language keyboard enables the user to type accented vowels such as \"é\" or \"à\" with a single keystroke. Using keyboards for other languages leads to a conflict:","psg_id":"12323773"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"presence of duplicate keys, such as a separate numeric keyboard or two each of Shift, ALT and CTL for convenience. Further the keyboard size depends on the extent to which a system is used where a single action is produced by a combination of subsequent or simultaneous keystrokes (with modifier keys), or multiple pressing of a single key. A keyboard with few keys is called a keypad. Another factor determining the size of a keyboard is the size and spacing of the keys. Reduction is limited by the practical consideration that the keys must be large enough to be easily","psg_id":"12323756"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"key. Another use is to type more symbols than appear to be available, for instance the apostrophe key is accompanied with a quotation mark on the top. If one wants to type the quotation mark but pressed that key alone, the symbol that would appear would be the apostrophe. The quotation mark will only appear if both the required key and the Shift key are pressed. The Menu key or Application key is a key found on Windows-oriented computer keyboards. It is used to launch a context menu with the keyboard rather than with the usual right mouse button. The","psg_id":"12323787"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"pressed by fingers. Alternatively a tool is used for pressing small keys. Standard alphanumeric keyboards have keys that are on three-quarter inch centers (0.750 inches, 19.05 mm), and have a key travel of at least 0.150 inches (3.81 mm). Desktop computer keyboards, such as the 101-key US traditional keyboards or the 104-key Windows keyboards, include alphabetic characters, punctuation symbols, numbers and a variety of function keys. The internationally common 102/104 key keyboards have a smaller left shift key and an additional key with some more symbols between that and the letter to its right (usually Z or Y). Also the","psg_id":"12323757"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"and it can consist of the following types of keys: Arithmetic operators, numbers, arrow keys, Navigation keys, Num Lock and Enter key. Multifunctional keyboards provide additional function beyond the standard keyboard. Many are programmable, configurable computer keyboards and some control multiple PCs, workstations (incl. SUN) and other information sources (incl. Thomson Reuters FXT/Eikon, Bloomberg, EBS, etc.) usually in multi-screen work environments. Users have additional key functions as well as the standard functions and can typically use a single keyboard and mouse to access multiple sources. Multifunctional keyboards may feature customised keypads, fully programmable function or soft keys for macros/pre-sets, biometric","psg_id":"12323763"},{"title":"Virtual keyboard","text":"Virtual keyboard A virtual keyboard is a software component that allows the input of characters without the need for physical keys. The interaction with the virtual keyboard happens mostly via a touchscreen interface, but can also take place in a different form in virtual or augmented reality. On a desktop computer, a virtual keyboard might provide an alternative input mechanism for users with disabilities who cannot use a conventional keyboard, or for bi- or multi-lingual users who switch frequently between different character sets or alphabets, which may be confusing over time. Although hardware keyboards are available with dual keyboard layouts","psg_id":"7199549"},{"title":"Magic Keyboard","text":"Magic Keyboard The Apple Magic Keyboard is the current computer keyboard produced by Apple Inc. It was released alongside the Magic Mouse 2 and the Magic Trackpad 2. It is the successor to the Apple Wireless Keyboard. The Magic keyboard is similar to its predecessor but it has a lower profile. Apple reengineered the scissor mechanism to increase key stability by 33 percent and reduce key travel. It has a sealed non-replaceable rechargeable Lithium-ion battery which is charged through a Lightning Connector in the middle rear of the keyboard. The rechargeable battery lasts one month between charges. The keyboard uses","psg_id":"19389070"},{"title":"Keyboard technology","text":"lock\", \"num lock\" and \"scroll lock\" lights. A common test for whether the computer has crashed is pressing the \"caps lock\" key. The keyboard sends the key code to the keyboard driver running in the main computer; if the main computer is operating, it commands the light to turn on. All the other indicator lights work in a similar way. The keyboard driver also tracks the shift, alt and control state of the keyboard. The keyboard switch matrix is often drawn with horizontal wires and vertical wires in a grid which is called a matrix circuit. It has a switch","psg_id":"225608"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"8, and 10. The Enter key is located: One in the alphanumeric keys and the other one is in the numeric keys. When one worked something on their computer and wanted to do something with their work, pressing the enter key would do the command they ordered. Another function is to create a space for next paragraph. When one typed and finished typing a paragraph and they wanted to have a second paragraph, they could press enter and it would do spacing. Shift key: when one presses shift and a letter, it will capitalize the letter pressed with the shift","psg_id":"12323786"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"(or computer) \"debounces\" the keystrokes, by aggregating them across time to produce one \"confirmed\" keystroke. Some low-quality keyboards also suffer problems with \"rollover\" (that is, when multiple keys pressed at the same time, or when keys are pressed so fast that multiple keys are down within the same milliseconds). Early \"solid-state\" keyswitch keyboards did not have this problem because the keyswitches are electrically isolated from each other, and early \"direct-contact\" keyswitch keyboards avoided this problem by having isolation diodes for every keyswitch. These early keyboards had \"n-key\" rollover, which means any number of keys can be depressed and the keyboard","psg_id":"12323805"},{"title":"Work Is a Four-Letter Word","text":"was it, really. I made a decision that I was going to get away on holiday. The only place I could think of was L.A. L.A. was the only place I knew where there'd be sunshine, so off I went. I never saw Morrissey again.\" Work Is a Four-Letter Word Work Is a Four-Letter Word (also known as Work Is a 4-Letter Word) is a 1968 British satirical comedy film starring David Warner and Cilla Black, in her only acting role in a cinematic film. The film, which directed by Peter Hall, was not well received by critics even though","psg_id":"13332423"},{"title":"Work Is a Four-Letter Word","text":"Work Is a Four-Letter Word Work Is a Four-Letter Word (also known as Work Is a 4-Letter Word) is a 1968 British satirical comedy film starring David Warner and Cilla Black, in her only acting role in a cinematic film. The film, which directed by Peter Hall, was not well received by critics even though it was based on the award-winning play \"Eh?\". It also marked the acting debut of Elizabeth Spriggs. Everyone is employed by the ultra-modern DICE Corporation but Valentine Brose (Warner) would rather stay at home to tend his psychedelic mushrooms. However, his bedroom is too small","psg_id":"13332417"},{"title":"Wireless keyboard","text":"are not compatible across operating systems, so compatibility of the keyboard needs to be checked before purchasing one; this is because of the special function keys which differ between Android and iOS. Wireless keyboard A wireless keyboard is a computer keyboard that allows the user to communicate with computers, tablets, or laptops with the help of radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR) or Bluetooth technology. It is common for wireless keyboards available these days to be accompanied by a wireless mouse. Wireless keyboards based on infrared technology use light waves to transmit signals to other infrared-enabled devices. But, in case of","psg_id":"17275834"},{"title":"Between C & D","text":"on computer disk. Contributors included Kathy Acker, Bruce Benderson, Dennis Cooper, Gary Indiana, Tama Janowitz, Patrick McGrath and Lynne Tillman. In 1988, Penguin published the anthology \"Between C & D: New Writing from the Lower East Side Fiction Magazine\" for its Contemporary American Fiction series that included twenty-five writers chosen by Rose and Texier. The magazine was discussed in-depth in Brandon Stosuy's \"Up Is Up, But So Is Down: New York's Downtown Literary Scene, 1974-1992\" (NYU Press) in 2006. Between C & D Between C & D (1983–1990) was a Lower East Side quarterly literary magazine edited by Joel Rose","psg_id":"7644724"},{"title":"Avro Keyboard","text":"A settlement was made between Dr. Khan and Jabbar in a formal meeting on 16 June 2010 in Bangladesh Computer Council office in Agargaon, Dhaka at presence of many IT experts. According to that, Dr. Khan removes the UniBijoy keyboard layout from Avro keyboard software and Jabbar withdraws the allegation of copyright violation from Bangladesh copyright office by 20 August 2010. As a result, UniBijoy keyboard layout was removed from the Avro Keyboard version 4.5.2 which was released on 20 August 2010. Jabbar informed that the trial in copyright office is withheld and will be withdrawn. He congratulated Dr. Khan","psg_id":"12217589"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"or standard artificial lighting. An early example of a consumer wireless keyboard is that of the Olivetti Envision. Optical character recognition (OCR) is preferable to rekeying for converting existing text that is already written down but not in machine-readable format (for example, a Linotype-composed book from the 1940s). In other words, to convert the text from an image to editable text (that is, a string of character codes), a person could re-type it, or a computer could look at the image and deduce what each character is. OCR technology has already reached an impressive state (for example, Google Book Search)","psg_id":"12323810"},{"title":"Keyboard buffer","text":"Keyboard buffer A keyboard buffer is a section of computer memory used to hold keystrokes before they are processed. Keyboard buffers have long been used in command-line processing. As a user enters a command, they see it echoed on their terminal and can edit it before it is processed by the computer. In time-sharing systems, the location of the buffer depends on whether communications is full-duplex or half-duplex. In full-duplex systems, keystrokes are transmitted one by one. As the main computer receives each keystroke, it ordinarily appends the character which it represents to the end of the keyboard buffer. The","psg_id":"2172071"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"are preferable, such as on devices that can be used with only one hand, and on small mobile devices that don't have room for larger keyboards. Chorded keyboards are less desirable in many cases because it usually takes practice and memorization of the combinations to become proficient. Software keyboards or on-screen keyboards often take the form of computer programs that display an image of a keyboard on the screen. Another input device such as a mouse or a touchscreen can be used to operate each virtual key to enter text. Software keyboards have become very popular in touchscreen enabled cell","psg_id":"12323766"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"Windows family) interpret the character \"\\\" as \"¥\" for display purposes without changing the bytecode which has led some keyboard makers to mark \"\\\" as \"¥\" or both. Keyboards for other alphabets supported include: In Microsoft word, ALT+Shift allows shifting between languages. Alphabetical, numeric, and punctuation keys are used in the same fashion as a typewriter keyboard to enter their respective symbol into a word processing program, text editor, data spreadsheet, or other program. Many of these keys will produce different symbols when modifier keys or shift keys are pressed. The alphabetic characters become uppercase when the shift key or","psg_id":"12323775"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"after its current location, and insert mode, where the cursor inserts a character at its current position, forcing all characters past it one position further. The Delete key discards the character ahead of the cursor's position, moving all following characters one position \"back\" towards the freed place. On many notebook computer keyboards the key labeled Delete (sometimes Delete and Backspace are printed on the same key) serves the same purpose as a Backspace key. The Backspace key deletes the preceding character. Lock keys lock part of a keyboard, depending on the settings selected. The lock keys are scattered around the","psg_id":"12323781"},{"title":"Lady is a Four Letter Word","text":"1975. Lady is a Four Letter Word Lady is a Four Letter Word is a Canadian current affairs television series which aired on CBC Television in 1975. This Ottawa-produced series on women's issues was hosted by Elizabeth Gray with announcer Bob Carl. Topics such as home and workplace, marriage and singleness were featured. A highlight of the series was that persons deemed sexist were written on an \"honour roll\" of toilet paper. This half-hour series was initially aired locally from 20 January 1975. It was broadcast on the national network Fridays at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 11 April to 30","psg_id":"14828268"},{"title":"Lady is a Four Letter Word","text":"Lady is a Four Letter Word Lady is a Four Letter Word is a Canadian current affairs television series which aired on CBC Television in 1975. This Ottawa-produced series on women's issues was hosted by Elizabeth Gray with announcer Bob Carl. Topics such as home and workplace, marriage and singleness were featured. A highlight of the series was that persons deemed sexist were written on an \"honour roll\" of toilet paper. This half-hour series was initially aired locally from 20 January 1975. It was broadcast on the national network Fridays at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 11 April to 30 May","psg_id":"14828267"},{"title":"Young woman with a letter and a messenger in an interior","text":"right-hand corner of a vestibule paved with tiles. A dog lies on her lap ; a bigger dog stands to the left. Through a door on the right a man-servant, hat in hand, enters with a letter. The scene is lighted from a window and from the street-door on the left, outside of which stands a child with a whip. Through the door are seen the trees by the canal and the sunlit houses on the other side of the street, which is the Kloveniersburgwal in Amsterdam. Signed \"P d' hooch f. 1670\" ; canvas, 27 inches by 23 1/2","psg_id":"18803395"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"designs and unknowledgeable engineers may not know these tricks, and it can still be a problem in games due to wildly different or configurable layouts in different games. There are several ways of connecting a keyboard to a system unit (more precisely, to its keyboard controller) using cables, including the standard AT connector commonly found on motherboards, which was eventually replaced by the PS/2 and the USB connection. Prior to the iMac line of systems, Apple used the proprietary Apple Desktop Bus for its keyboard connector. Wireless keyboards have become popular for their increased user freedom. A wireless keyboard often","psg_id":"12323808"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"keyboards generally associate one action with each key, chorded keyboards associate actions with combinations of key presses. Since there are many combinations available, chorded keyboards can effectively produce more actions on a board with fewer keys. Court reporters' stenotype machines use chorded keyboards to enable them to enter text much faster by typing a syllable with each stroke instead of one letter at a time. The fastest typists (as of 2007) use a stenograph, a kind of chorded keyboard used by most court reporters and closed-caption reporters. Some chorded keyboards are also made for use in situations where fewer keys","psg_id":"12323765"},{"title":"Between C & D","text":"Between C & D Between C & D (1983–1990) was a Lower East Side quarterly literary magazine edited by Joel Rose and Catherine Texier. Though a geographical reference from New York City, \"Between C & D\" has also been suggested to mean \"between coke and dope\", giving an indication of the transgressive content and ethos. Its actual tagline was \"Sex. Drugs. Danger. Violence. Computers.\". The magazine was printed on fanfold computer paper, sold in a plastic bag and featured original artwork on each binding. These limited run editions were collected by New York galleries and libraries and back issues sold","psg_id":"7644723"},{"title":"Portuguese keyboard layout","text":"are specified in the ABNT NBR (\"Norma Brasileira Regulamentadora\") 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric) and NBR 10347 (numeric portion) standards. Portuguese keyboard layout There are two QWERTY-based keyboard layouts used for the Portuguese language. Additionally, there are two variants of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard designed for Brazilian Portuguese. Typewriters in Portuguese-speaking countries generally have a separate extra key for \"Ç\", and a dead key for each diacritic except the cedilla; so that \"Á\" is obtained by typing first the acute accent, then the letter \"A\". The same thing happens with computer keyboards, except when using an \"English – International\" keyboard layout,","psg_id":"8517582"},{"title":"Letter to a Phoenix","text":"said that he was \"fascinated\" by the story, and that it was the direct inspiration for the 1975 story \"The Peddler's Apprentice\" which he co-wrote with his then-wife, Joan D. Vinge. Letter to a Phoenix \"Letter to a Phoenix\" is a science fiction short story by American writer Fredric Brown, about immortality. It was first published in \"Astounding Science Fiction\" in August 1949. A 180,000-year-old man writes a letter to humanity as a whole, explaining the lessons he has learned while observing the rise and fall of multiple civilizations. Literary scholar Jack Seabrook has described it as \"(t)hought-provoking rather than","psg_id":"20847594"},{"title":"Keyboard protector","text":"Keyboard protector A keyboard protector or keyboard cover is a device which is placed on top of a computer keyboard in order to reduce its contact with the environment, for example, to prevent dust entry, and to keep the keyboard in a pristine state and reduce or eliminate the need for cleaning the keyboard. A keyboard protector is usually made with plastic, polyurethane or silicone. Comparatively, silicone is a more protective and stronger substance which cannot be penetrated by liquids (unless they are corrosive alcohol), such as oil and water. A keyboard protector is placed on top of a keyboard","psg_id":"8586331"},{"title":"A Letter to Lord Ellenborough","text":"of the New Testament was \"an exceedingly virtuous, good man, but nothing supernatural or divine.\" Despite the paucity of evidence, on 15 May 1812, the Ellenborough-led jury found Eaton guilty. His sentence was severe, including eighteen months in Newgate Prison and a monthly pillorying for the entire term of his sentence. The letter was republished as \"Shelley on Blasphemy: Being His Letter to Lord Ellenborough, Occasioned by the Sentence which He Passed on Mr. D. I. Eaton\" in 1883 in London by the Progressive Publishing Company. The letter was republished in \"A letter to Lord Ellenborough: Occasioned by the Sentence","psg_id":"14123860"},{"title":"Phonetic keyboard layout","text":"Phonetic keyboard layout A phonetic keyboard layout is a setup in which the letters of a language correspond to the keys in the keyboard layout for another language and assumes a one-to-one correspondence between letters in the languages that is based on their sound. Russian has two popular keyboard layouts: The Cyrillic letters are on the same keys as similarly-sounding Roman letters: A-А, Б-B, В-V, Г-G, Д-D, Ф-F, K-K, O-O and so on. There are Russian phonetic layouts based on the QWERTY layout and others based on other localized layouts. The Russian phonetic layout is especially suited for foreigners studying","psg_id":"19590718"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"or a command like minimizing all windows. When we calculate, we use these numeric keys to type numbers. Symbols concerned with calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division symbols are located in this group of keys. The enter key in this keys indicate the equal sign. It is possible to install multiple keyboard layouts within an operating system and switch between them, either through features implemented within the OS, or through an external application. Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac provide support to add keyboard layouts and choose from them. The character code produced by any key press is determined","psg_id":"12323790"},{"title":"A World Between","text":"would be like. If Spinrad sometimes succumbs to the urge to preach, what he preaches is democracy, sexual equality, and human understanding; surely, we can forgive him for this.\" A World Between A World Between is a novel by Norman Spinrad published in 1979. \"A World Between\" is a novel which takes place on a planet called Pacifica, whose governmental system is a media democracy, in which elections are held on a world-wide computer net. Greg Costikyan reviewed \"A World Between\" in \"Ares Magazine\" #1. Costikyan commented that \"In Spinrad's firm hands, the result is a gripping story from start","psg_id":"20411232"},{"title":"A World Between","text":"A World Between A World Between is a novel by Norman Spinrad published in 1979. \"A World Between\" is a novel which takes place on a planet called Pacifica, whose governmental system is a media democracy, in which elections are held on a world-wide computer net. Greg Costikyan reviewed \"A World Between\" in \"Ares Magazine\" #1. Costikyan commented that \"In Spinrad's firm hands, the result is a gripping story from start to finish. His portrayal of Pacifican society is so convincing that the reader takes for granted its differences from our own, and his depiction of all three sides's propaganda","psg_id":"20411231"},{"title":"Keyboard protector","text":"in order to have the keyboard fully and well protected. Different keyboards will often feature slightly different key spacing or arrangement, leading to ill-fitting protectors. Keyboard protector A keyboard protector or keyboard cover is a device which is placed on top of a computer keyboard in order to reduce its contact with the environment, for example, to prevent dust entry, and to keep the keyboard in a pristine state and reduce or eliminate the need for cleaning the keyboard. A keyboard protector is usually made with plastic, polyurethane or silicone. Comparatively, silicone is a more protective and stronger substance which","psg_id":"8586334"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"only available in black and white, and was not suitable for keytops (too soft), so keytops use ABS plastic. However, as plastic molding advanced in maintaining tight tolerances, and as key travel length reduced from 0.187-inch to 0.110-inch (4.75 mm to 2.79 mm), single-part keytop/plungers could be made of ABS, with the keyboard monolocks also made of ABS. Computer keyboards include control circuitry to convert key presses into key codes (usually scancodes) that the computer's electronics can understand. The key switches are connected via the printed circuit board in an electrical X-Y matrix where a voltage is provided sequentially to","psg_id":"12323801"},{"title":"Membrane keyboard","text":"Membrane keyboard A membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose \"keys\" are not separate, moving parts, as with the majority of other keyboards, but rather are pressure pads that have only outlines and symbols printed on a flat, flexible surface. Very little, if any, tactile feedback is felt when using such a keyboard, and error-free blind typing is difficult. Membrane keyboards work by electrical contact between the keyboard surface and the underlying circuits when keytop areas are pressed. These models were used with some early 1980s home computers, enjoying wide adoption in consumer electronics devices. The keyboards are quite inexpensive","psg_id":"2787421"},{"title":"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word","text":"\"Trumbo\". It was ranked at number 3 on the Top 10 after \"Deadpool\" and \"Vir Altyd\". Mario Dos Santos, CEO of Ster-Kinekor Entertainment, said: \"The opening weekend's results for the film are simply overwhelming not only from local content perspective but also in comparison to Hollywood content.\" Happiness Is a Four-letter Word received critical acclaimed from its critics. The movie received a 97% approval rating from Metacritic. Happiness Is a Four-letter Word Happiness is a Four-letter Word is a 2016 South African romantic drama film directed by Thabang Moleya and written by Busisiwe Ntintili. Based on the novel of the","psg_id":"19385363"},{"title":"Virtual keyboard","text":"for one, such as a pocket computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer or touchscreen-equipped mobile phone. Text is commonly inputted either by tapping a virtual keyboard or finger-tracing. Virtual keyboards are also used as features of emulation software for systems that have fewer buttons than a computer keyboard would have. The four main approaches to enter text into a PDA were, virtual keyboards operated by a stylus, external USB keyboards, handwritten keyboards and stroke recognition. Many early PDA not primarily focused on virtual keyboards. Microsoft’s mobile operating system approach was to simulate a complete functional keyboard. Which resulted in","psg_id":"7199551"},{"title":"Ergonomic keyboard","text":"Ergonomic keyboard An ergonomic keyboard is a computer keyboard designed with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain and a host of related problems. Typically such keyboards for two-handed typists are constructed in a V shape, to allow right and left hands to type at a slight angle more natural to the human form. A \"fixed-split keyboard\" is a single board, with the keys separated into two or three groups, allowing the user to type at a different angle than the typical straight keyboard. An \"adjustable split keyboard\" has the keyboard split into several independent pieces, so the angle between them","psg_id":"6774050"},{"title":"Keyboard tablature","text":"Keyboard tablature A keyboard tablature is a tablature for a keyboard instrument such as the piano. The most common keyboard tablature is written using letters and numbers that designate the timing and keys to hit on a keyboard or piano. Modern piano tablature is based on scientific pitch notation, a variation of letter notation which has roots going back to the 11th century when Italian Guido of Arezzo developed Solfege. An example of modern piano tab notation, the scale of F played on 2 octaves: Some of the rules for this keyboard tablature are: Another example of piano tab notation,","psg_id":"7538179"},{"title":"Apple Adjustable Keyboard","text":"several ergonomic problems, it was reviewed poorly due to using a large amount of desk space, mainly because of the optional palm rests. The keyboard uses Alps SKFS switches, which provide tactile feedback with a slightly \"clicky\" feel. Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic keyboard introduced by Apple Computer, Inc. in 1993 for the Macintosh family of personal computers. The keyboard attaches to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus port. The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White), as","psg_id":"6328122"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"the first keyboard technologies not to use self-contained switches. There was simply a sponge pad with a conductive-coated Mylar plastic sheet on the switch plunger, and two half-moon trace patterns on the printed circuit board below. As the key was depressed, the capacitance between the plunger pad and the patterns on the PCB below changed, which was detected by integrated circuits (IC). These keyboards were claimed to have the same reliability as the other \"solid-state switch\" keyboards such as inductive and Hall-effect, but competitive with direct-contact keyboards. Prices of $60 for keyboards were achieved, and Key Tronic rapidly became the","psg_id":"12323794"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"articles Japanese language and computers, Japanese input methods, and language input keys. Keyboard layout A keyboard layout is any specific \"mechanical\", \"visual\", or \"functional\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard. Mechanical layout is the placements and \"keys\" of a keyboard. Visual layout is the arrangement of the \"legends\" (labels, markings, engravings) that appear on the keys of a keyboard. Functional layout is the arrangement of the \"key-meaning associations\", determined in software, of all the keys of a keyboard. Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating","psg_id":"14318226"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"Keyboard layout A keyboard layout is any specific \"mechanical\", \"visual\", or \"functional\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard. Mechanical layout is the placements and \"keys\" of a keyboard. Visual layout is the arrangement of the \"legends\" (labels, markings, engravings) that appear on the keys of a keyboard. Functional layout is the arrangement of the \"key-meaning associations\", determined in software, of all the keys of a keyboard. Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating system, rather than directly sending characters. From there, the series of scancodes","psg_id":"14318119"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"photo-electric keyboard and optical key actuation detection technology. An optical keyboard technology utilizes LEDs and photo sensors to optically detect actuated keys. Most commonly the emitters and sensors are located in the perimeter, mounted on a small PCB. The light is directed from side to side of the keyboard interior and it can only be blocked by the actuated keys. Most optical keyboards require at least 2 beams (most commonly vertical beam and horizontal beam) to determine the actuated key. Some optical keyboards use a special key structure that blocks the light in a certain pattern, allowing only one beam","psg_id":"12323769"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"will still recognize the next key depressed. But when three keys are pressed (electrically closed) at the same time in a \"direct contact\" keyswitch matrix that doesn't have isolation diodes, the keyboard electronics can see a fourth \"phantom\" key which is the intersection of the X and Y lines of the three keys. Some types of keyboard circuitry will register a maximum number of keys at one time. \"Three-key\" rollover, also called \"phantom key blocking\" or \"phantom key lockout\", will only register three keys and ignore all others until one of the three keys is lifted. This is undesirable, especially","psg_id":"12323806"},{"title":"Membrane keyboard","text":"two layers apart. Under normal conditions, the switch (key) is open, because current cannot cross the non-conductive gap between the traces on the bottom layer. However, when the top layer is pressed down (with a finger), it makes contact with the bottom layer. The conductive traces on the underside of the top layer can then bridge the gap, allowing current to flow. The switch is now \"closed\", and the parent device registers a keypress. Typical applications include; Source, APEM, Membrane switch panels \"QWERTY layouts unless otherwise specified\" Membrane keyboard A membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose \"keys\" are not","psg_id":"2787424"},{"title":"Keyboard buffer","text":"to read. On some systems, by pressing too many keys at once, the keyboard buffer overflows and will emit a beep from the computer's internal speaker. The use of keyboard buffers is sometimes known from the user experience side as typeahead. Keyboard buffer A keyboard buffer is a section of computer memory used to hold keystrokes before they are processed. Keyboard buffers have long been used in command-line processing. As a user enters a command, they see it echoed on their terminal and can edit it before it is processed by the computer. In time-sharing systems, the location of the","psg_id":"2172073"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"such devices that modern computer keyboards inherited their layouts. As early as the 1870s, teleprinter-like devices were used to simultaneously type and transmit stock market text data from the keyboard across telegraph lines to stock ticker machines to be immediately copied and displayed onto ticker tape. The teleprinter, in its more contemporary form, was developed from 1907 to 1910 by American mechanical engineer Charles Krum and his son Howard, with early contributions by electrical engineer Frank Pearne. Earlier models were developed separately by individuals such as Royal Earl House and Frederick G. Creed. Earlier, Herman Hollerith developed the first keypunch","psg_id":"12323753"},{"title":"Musical keyboard","text":"organ, digital piano, synthesizer). Since the most commonly encountered keyboard instrument is the piano, the keyboard layout is often referred to as the \"piano keyboard\". The twelve notes of the Western musical scale are laid out with the lowest note on the left; The longer keys (for the seven \"natural\" notes of the C major scale: C, D, E, F, G, A, B) jut forward. Because these keys were traditionally covered in ivory they are often called the \"white notes\" or \"white keys\". The keys for the remaining five notes—which are not part of the C major scale—(i.e., C/D, D/E,","psg_id":"287706"},{"title":"Keyboard technology","text":"at some or all intersections, much like a multiplexed display. Almost all keyboards have only the switch at each intersection, which causes \"ghost keys\" and \"key jamming\" when multiple keys are pressed (rollover). Certain, often more expensive, keyboards have a diode between each intersection, allowing the keyboard microcontroller to accurately sense any number of simultaneous keys being pressed, without generating erroneous ghost keys. List of mechanical keyboards Keyboard technology Computer keyboards can be classified by the switch technology that they use. Computer alphanumeric keyboards typically have 80 to 110 durable switches, generally one for each key. The choice of switch","psg_id":"225609"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"of their keycaps. This can be e.g. for masking foreign layouts, adding additional information such as shortcuts, learning aid, gaming controls, or solely for decorational purposes. The \"functional layout\" of the keyboard refers to the mapping between the physical keys, such as the key, and software events, such as the letter \"A\" appearing on the screen. Usually the functional layout is set to match the visual layout of the keyboard being used, so that pressing a key will produce the expected result, corresponding to the legends on the keyboard. However, most operating systems have software that allow the user to","psg_id":"14318143"},{"title":"A Letter to a Hindu","text":"peaceful resistance were the only alternative to violent revolution. These ideas ultimately proved to be successful in 1947 in the culmination of the Indian Independence Movement. In this letter, Tolstoy mentions the works of Swami Vivekananda. This letter, along with Tolstoy's views, preaching, and his book \"The Kingdom of God Is Within You\", helped to form Mohandas Gandhi's views about nonviolent resistance. The letter introduced Gandhi to the ancient Tamil moral literature, the Tirukkuṛaḷ, which Tolstoy referred to as the Hindu Kural. Gandhi then took to studying the Kural while in prison. A Letter to a Hindu \"A Letter to","psg_id":"6108135"},{"title":"Keyboard (magazine)","text":"Keyboard (magazine) Keyboard is a magazine that originally covered electronic keyboard instruments and keyboardists, though with the advent of computer-based recording and audio technology, they have added digital music technology to their regular coverage, including those not strictly pertaining to the keyboard-related instruments. The magazine has its headquarters in San Bruno, California. Future is the owner of \"Keyboard\" which was launched in 1975. During the initial years the magazine was named \"Contemporary Keyboard\". Over the years, the print and online editions of the magazine have moved into discussions on anything related to gear. The editors and writers of the magazine","psg_id":"6176759"},{"title":"Keyboard (magazine)","text":"one. Jon Regen was made editor of Keyboardmag.com in March 2017. Keyboard (magazine) Keyboard is a magazine that originally covered electronic keyboard instruments and keyboardists, though with the advent of computer-based recording and audio technology, they have added digital music technology to their regular coverage, including those not strictly pertaining to the keyboard-related instruments. The magazine has its headquarters in San Bruno, California. Future is the owner of \"Keyboard\" which was launched in 1975. During the initial years the magazine was named \"Contemporary Keyboard\". Over the years, the print and online editions of the magazine have moved into discussions on","psg_id":"6176761"},{"title":"Keyboard technology","text":"(due to the limited movement of the keys and their multiple attachment points) but also less likely to get debris in them as the gaps between the keys are often smaller (as there is no need for extra room to allow for the 'wiggle' in the key, as typically found on a membrane keyboard). In this type of keyboard, pressing a key changes the capacitance of a pattern of capacitor pads. The pattern consists of two D-shaped capacitor pads for each switch, printed on a printed circuit board (PCB) and covered by a thin, insulating film of soldermask which acts","psg_id":"225593"},{"title":"Projection keyboard","text":"a light source and may project a full size QWERTY keyboard. The projected keyboard size is usually 295 mm x 95 mm and it is projected at a distance of 60 mm from the virtual keyboard unit. The projection keyboard detects up to 400 characters per minute. Projection keyboards connect to the computer either through Bluetooth or USB. Bluetooth dongle technology enables the projection keyboard for point to multi-point connectivity with other Bluetooth devices, such as PCs, PDAs and mobile phone. The way that Bluetooth projection keyboards connect to devices depends on the specific tablet, phone or computer. Apart from","psg_id":"7815063"},{"title":"Ergonomic keyboard","text":"room or to lean back on a chair while also being able to type in front or away from the computer. Some variations of handheld ergonomic keyboards also include a trackball mouse that allow mouse movement and typing included in one handheld device. The angled split keyboard (sometimes referred to as a Klockenburg keyboard) is similar to a split keyboard, but the middle is tented up so that the index fingers are higher than the little fingers while typing. Key Ovation makes the Goldtouch ergonomic keyboard which is an adjustable angled split keyboard. Other ergonomic keyboards have fixed, vertically aligned","psg_id":"6774052"},{"title":"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word","text":"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word Happiness is a Four-letter Word is a 2016 South African romantic drama film directed by Thabang Moleya and written by Busisiwe Ntintili. Based on the novel of the same name by Nozizwe Cynthia Jele, the film tells the story of three friends trying to find their happiness while maintaining images of success and acceptability. The film revolves around three women. Glamorous trophy housewife Zaza, played by Khanyi Mbau, seems to be living the new South African dream of money, success, and loving partners. Lawyer and compulsive perfectionist Nandi, played by Mmabatho Montsho, whose life from","psg_id":"19385360"},{"title":"Apple Adjustable Keyboard","text":"Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic keyboard introduced by Apple Computer, Inc. in 1993 for the Macintosh family of personal computers. The keyboard attaches to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus port. The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White), as it was the last one with the Apple Desktop Bus. It aimed to solve repetitive stress injuries resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome, after several computer keyboard manufacturers were sued for poor design . The Apple Adjustable Keyboard came","psg_id":"6328120"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"cause serious injury (that is, carpal tunnel syndrome or other repetitive strain injury) to hands, wrists, arms, neck or back. The risks of injuries can be reduced by taking frequent short breaks to get up and walk around a couple of times every hour. As well, users should vary tasks throughout the day, to avoid overuse of the hands and wrists. When inputting at the keyboard, a person should keep the shoulders relaxed with the elbows at the side, with the keyboard and mouse positioned so that reaching is not necessary. The chair height and keyboard tray should be adjusted","psg_id":"12323817"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"keyboards were about two inches (5 cm) thick. Over time, less key travel was accepted in the market, finally landing on 0.110 inches (2.79 mm). Coincident with this, Key Tronic was the first company to introduce a keyboard that was only about one inch thick. And now keyboards measure only about a half-inch thick. Keytops are an important element of keyboards. In the beginning, keyboard keytops had a \"dish shape\" on top, like typewriters before them. Keyboard key legends must be extremely durable over tens of millions of depressions, since they are subjected to extreme mechanical wear from fingers and","psg_id":"12323796"},{"title":"A Letter to a Young Poet","text":"A Letter to a Young Poet A Letter to a Young Poet was an epistolary letter by Virginia Woolf, written in 1932 to John Lehman, laying out her views on modern poetry. In 1932, Woolf responded to a letter from the writer, John Lehmann, about her novel \"The Waves\" (1931) in which he asked her to write about her views on modern poetry. Lehmann had a mission to revitalise modern poetry, and came to the Hogarth Press to enlist their help. Virginia was enthusiastic about his suggestion of a \"letter to a young poet\", which she thought was \"most brilliant\".","psg_id":"20660942"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"normally there are no Russian letters drawn on keyboard buttons. This layout is made for typists who are more familiar with other layouts, like the common English QWERTY keyboard, and follows the Greek and Armenian layouts in placing most letters at the corresponding Latin letter locations. It is famous among both native speakers and people who use, teach, or are learning Russian, and is recommended — along with the Standard Layout — by the linguists, translators, teachers and students of AATSEEL.org. The earliest known implementation of the Cyrillic-to-QWERTY homophonic keyboard was by former AATSEEL officer Constance Curtin between 1972 and","psg_id":"14318195"},{"title":"Computer keyboard","text":"the image on the key does not correspond to the character. In such cases, each new language may require an additional label on the keys, because the standard keyboard layouts do not share even similar characters of different languages (see the example in the figure above). Keyboards in many parts of Asia may have special keys to switch between the Latin character set and a completely different typing system. Japanese layout keyboards can be switched between various Japanese input methods and the Latin alphabet by signaling the operating system's input interpreter of the change, and some operating systems (namely the","psg_id":"12323774"},{"title":"Photovoltaic keyboard","text":"Photovoltaic keyboard A photovoltaic keyboard is a wireless computer keyboard that charges its batteries from a light source such as the sun or interior lighting, addressing a major drawback of wireless computer peripherals that otherwise require regular replacement of discharged batteries. The Logitech K750 has a set of photovoltaic cells on the top edge, charges in sunlight or under a standard bulb, can work up to three months in total darkness, and includes software to display battery charging status. It is a fullsized keyboard, including the usual movement keys and NumPad section on the right side, with low-profile keys much","psg_id":"15090259"},{"title":"Keyboard layout","text":"with special characters being entered using a separate Shift key; the home row was, uniquely, the bottom one (i.e. the typist kept her hands on the bottom row). A computer or standard typewriter keyboard, on the other hand, has four banks of keys, with home row being second from bottom. To fit on a Sholes-patterned (typewriter or computer) keyboard, the Blickensderfer layout was modified by Nick Matavka in 2012, and released for both Mac OS X and Windows. To accommodate the differences between Blickensderfer and Sholes keyboards (\"not\" the layouts, but the keyboards themselves), the order of the rows was","psg_id":"14318174"},{"title":"Galaksija (computer)","text":"added using Letraset transfer letter sheets after the first (white) coat of paint but before the second coat of final colour. After the paint dried, transferred decorations were supposed to be scratched off, exposing underlying white paint. The keyboard is laid out such that keys have their own memory-mapped addresses that, in most cases, follow the same order as ASCII code of the letter on the key. This saved the ROM space by reducing lookup tables but significantly increased the complexity of single-layer keyboard PCB such that it alone required 35 jumpers. Galaksija (computer) The Galaksija (pronounced \"Galaxiya\" , meaning","psg_id":"3747638"},{"title":"Wireless keyboard","text":"Wireless keyboard A wireless keyboard is a computer keyboard that allows the user to communicate with computers, tablets, or laptops with the help of radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR) or Bluetooth technology. It is common for wireless keyboards available these days to be accompanied by a wireless mouse. Wireless keyboards based on infrared technology use light waves to transmit signals to other infrared-enabled devices. But, in case of radio frequency technology, a wireless keyboard communicates using signals which range from 27 MHz to up to 2.4 GHz. Most wireless keyboards today work on 2.4 GHz radio frequency. Bluetooth is another","psg_id":"17275831"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard computer\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard computer A keyboard computer is a computer which contains all of the regular components of a personal computer, except for a screen, in the same housing as the keyboard. The power supply is typically external and connects to the computer via an adapter cable. The motherboard is specially designed to fit inside, and the device is larger than most standard keyboards. Additional peripheral components such as a monitor are connected to the computer via external ports. Usually no or only a minimum of storage devices is built in. Most home computers of the late 1970s and during the 1980s\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14858130\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"key presses can produce actions or execute computer commands. In normal usage, the keyboard is used as a text entry interface for typing text and numbers into a word processor, text editor or any other program. In a modern computer, the interpretation of key presses is generally left to the software. A computer keyboard distinguishes each physical key from every other key and reports all key presses to the controlling software. Keyboards are also used for computer gaming — either regular keyboards or keyboards with special gaming features, which can expedite frequently used keystroke combinations. A keyboard is also used\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323751\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Computer keyboard In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input method for computers. Keyboard keys (buttons) typically have characters engraved or printed on them, and each press of a key typically corresponds to a single written symbol. However, producing some symbols may require pressing and holding several keys simultaneously or in sequence. While most keyboard keys produce letters, numbers or signs (characters), other keys or simultaneous\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323750\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"the Y lines and, when a key is depressed, detected sequentially by scanning the X lines. The first computer keyboards were for mainframe computer data terminals and used discrete electronic parts. The first keyboard microprocessor was introduced in 1972 by General Instruments, but keyboards have been using the single-chip 8048 microcontroller variant since it became available in 1978. The keyboard switch matrix is wired to its inputs, it converts the keystrokes to key codes, and, for a detached keyboard, sends the codes down a serial cable (the keyboard cord) to the main processor on the computer motherboard. This serial keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323802\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard computer\",\n \"text\": \"were keyboard computers, the Commodore VIC-20 and the Atari ST being prime examples. While this form factor went out of style around 1990 in favour for more standard PC setups, some notable x86 keyboard computers have been built, like the Olivetti Prodest PC1 in 1988 and the Schneider EuroPC Series between 1988 and 1995. Cybernet Manufacturing is still producing similar devices, using Intel Quad Core processors. Newer developments include the Commodore 64 WebIt by Tulip, the Asus Eee Keyboard, which uses an Intel Atom processor, and optionally solid state hard drives. Or designs like the Commodore Invictus PC.<refm Keyboard computer\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14858131\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"cable communication is only bi-directional to the extent that the computer's electronics controls the illumination of the caps lock, num lock and scroll lock lights. One test for whether the computer has crashed is pressing the caps lock key. The keyboard sends the key code to the keyboard driver running in the main computer; if the main computer is operating, it commands the light to turn on. All the other indicator lights work in a similar way. The keyboard driver also tracks the Shift, alt and control state of the keyboard. Some lower-quality keyboards have multiple or false key entries\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323803\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"enter key is usually shaped differently. Computer keyboards are similar to electric-typewriter keyboards but contain additional keys, such as the command or Windows keys. There is no standard computer keyboard, although many manufacturers imitate the keyboard of PCs. There are actually three different PC keyboards: the original PC keyboard with 84 keys, the AT keyboard also with 84 keys and the enhanced keyboard with 101 keys. The three differ somewhat in the placement of function keys, the control keys, the return key, and the shift key. Keyboards on laptops and notebook computers usually have a shorter travel distance for the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323758\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"the arms and hands. Some keyboards were found to contain five times more potentially harmful germs than a toilet seat. This can be a concern when using shared keyboards; the keyboards can serve as vectors for pathogens that cause the cold, flu, and other communicable diseases easily spread by indirect contact. Computer keyboard In computing, a computer keyboard is a typewriter-style device which uses an arrangement of buttons or keys to act as mechanical levers or electronic switches. Following the decline of punch cards and paper tape, interaction via teleprinter-style keyboards became the main input method for computers. Keyboard keys\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323819\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"includes a required combination transmitter and receiver unit that attaches to the computer's keyboard port. The wireless aspect is achieved either by radio frequency (RF) or by infrared (IR) signals sent and received from both the keyboard and the unit attached to the computer. A wireless keyboard may use an industry standard RF, called Bluetooth. With Bluetooth, the transceiver may be built into the computer. However, a wireless keyboard needs batteries to work and may pose a security problem due to the risk of data \\\"eavesdropping\\\" by hackers. Wireless solar keyboards charge their batteries from small solar panels using sunlight\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323809\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"both data entry onto magnetic tape (instead of paper) and data output. The keyboard remained the primary, most integrated computer peripheral well into the era of personal computing until the introduction of the mouse as a consumer device in 1984. By this time, text-only user interfaces with sparse graphics gave way to comparatively graphics-rich icons on screen. However, keyboards remain central to human-computer interaction to the present, even as mobile personal computing devices such as smartphones and tablets adapt the keyboard as an optional virtual, touchscreen-based means of data entry. One factor determining the size of a keyboard is the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323755\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"devices, which soon evolved to include keys for text and number entry akin to normal typewriters by the 1930s. The keyboard on the teleprinter played a strong role in point-to-point and point-to-multipoint communication for most of the 20th century, while the keyboard on the keypunch device played a strong role in data entry and storage for just as long. The development of the earliest computers incorporated electric typewriter keyboards: the development of the ENIAC computer incorporated a keypunch device as both the input and paper-based output device, while the BINAC computer also made use of an electromechanically controlled typewriter for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323754\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Computer Animated Hand\",\n \"text\": \"and typed them into the machine with a Teletype keyboard. With a 3-D animation program Catmull wrote, they could reproduce the disembodied hand on a screen and make it move. During this time, Parke had created a computer animation of his wife's face as well, which is seen in the film. Transferring the images to film was a task in itself. Because the display hardware never showed the entire image on screen at any one moment, Catmull could see a frame of his work only by taking a long-exposure Polaroid of the screen and looking at the snapshot. Once satisfied,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16208640\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"to give commands to the operating system of a computer, such as Windows' Control-Alt-Delete combination. Although on Pre-Windows 95 Microsoft operating systems this forced a re-boot, now it brings up a system security options screen. A command-line interface is a type of user interface navigated entirely using a keyboard, or some other similar device that does the job of one. While typewriters are the definitive ancestor of all key-based text entry devices, the computer keyboard as a device for electromechanical data entry and communication derives largely from the utility of two devices: teleprinters (or teletypes) and keypunches. It was through\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323752\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Chorded keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"keyboard. A chorded keyboard minus the board, typically designed to be used while held in the hand, is called a keyer. Douglas Engelbart introduced the chorded keyset as a computer interface in 1968 at what is often called \\\"The Mother of All Demos\\\". Each key is mapped to a number and then can be mapped to a corresponding letter or command. By pressing two or more keys together the user can generate many combinations. In Engelbart's original mapping, he used five keys: 1,2,4,8,16. The keys were mapped as follows: a = 1, b = 2, c = 3, d =\",\n \"psg_id\": \"78788\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"hook into the keyboard with functions provided by the OS, or use remote access software to transmit recorded data out of the target computer to a remote location. Some hackers also use wireless keylogger sniffers to collect packets of data being transferred from a wireless keyboard and its receiver, and then they crack the encryption key being used to secure wireless communications between the two devices. Anti-spyware applications are able to detect many keyloggers and cleanse them. Responsible vendors of monitoring software support detection by anti-spyware programs, thus preventing abuse of the software. Enabling a firewall does not stop keyloggers\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323814\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"PLUM keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"keyboard layouts, their pains went away. While there are currently no good studies comparing the efficiency of the PLUM and Dvorak keyboards, the Dvorak keyboard is more mainstream, but the PLUM keyboard has a keyboard layout that many find more memorable, with the rows spelling out the words \\\"PLUM,\\\" \\\"READONTHIS\\\" and \\\"WXYZ\\\". As of 2012, PLUM keyboards were no longer being manufactured. PLUM keyboard The PLUM keyboard is a computer keyboard which varies from the traditional QWERTY keyboard in both physical key layout and letter arrangement. Unlike most keyboards, the PLUM keyboard organizes keys in a square grid, as opposed\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5524671\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"is similar to the Greek in that in most (but not all) cases, a given Armenian letter is at the same location as the corresponding Latin letter on the QWERTY keyboard. The illustrated keyboard layout can be enabled on Linux with: . Western and Eastern Armenian have different layouts. The current official Bulgarian keyboard layout for both typewriters and computer keyboards is described in BDS (Bulgarian State/National Standard) 5237:1978. It superseded the old standard, BDS 5237:1968, on 1 January 1978. Like the Dvorak keyboard, it has been designed to optimize typing speed and efficiency, placing the most common letters in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318189\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"key's symbol is usually a small icon depicting a cursor hovering above a menu. On some Samsung keyboards the cursor in the icon is not present, showing the menu only. This key was created at the same time as the Windows key. This key is normally used when the right mouse button is not present on the mouse. Some Windows public terminals do not have a Menu key on their keyboard to prevent users from right-clicking (however, in many Windows applications, a similar functionality can be invoked with the Shift+F10 keyboard shortcut). Many, but not all, computer keyboards have a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323788\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"PLUM keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"PLUM keyboard The PLUM keyboard is a computer keyboard which varies from the traditional QWERTY keyboard in both physical key layout and letter arrangement. Unlike most keyboards, the PLUM keyboard organizes keys in a square grid, as opposed to the staggered rows of a typewriter. Though the Plum Keyboard is currently off-line, it is still being promoted. The purpose of the product is to teach non-typists how to type, not to encourage Qwerty users to switch. The ergonomic advantages are secondary to the incredibly short learning curve. New typists learning Qwerty can typically expect a 4- to 6-week learning curve,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5524667\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"modifier and for Windows keyboards, there is a Windows key. Compact keyboard layouts often use a Fn key. \\\"Dead keys\\\" allow placement of a diacritic mark, such as an accent, on the following letter (e.g., the Compose key). The Enter/Return key typically causes a command line, window form or dialog box to operate its default function, which is typically to finish an \\\"entry\\\" and begin the desired process. In word processing applications, pressing the enter key ends a paragraph and starts a new one. Navigation keys or cursor keys include a variety of keys which move the cursor to different\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323779\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"per row of keys (most commonly horizontal beam). There are a number of different arrangements of alphabetic, numeric, and punctuation symbols on keys. These different keyboard layouts arise mainly because different people need easy access to different symbols, either because they are inputting text in different languages, or because they need a specialized layout for mathematics, accounting, computer programming, or other purposes. The United States keyboard layout is used as default in the currently most popular operating systems: Windows, Mac OS X and Linux. The common QWERTY-based layout was designed early in the era of mechanical typewriters, so its ergonomics\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323770\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"due to inadequate electrical designs. These are caused by inadequate keyswitch \\\"debouncing\\\" or inadequate keyswitch matrix layout that don't allow multiple keys to be depressed at the same time, both circumstances which are explained below: When pressing a keyboard key, the key contacts may \\\"bounce\\\" against each other for several milliseconds before they settle into firm contact. When released, they bounce some more until they revert to the uncontacted state. If the computer were watching for each pulse, it would see many keystrokes for what the user thought was just one. To resolve this problem, the processor in a keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323804\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"were compromised to allow for the mechanical limitations of the typewriter. As the letter-keys were attached to levers that needed to move freely, inventor Christopher Sholes developed the QWERTY layout to reduce the likelihood of jamming. With the advent of computers, lever jams are no longer an issue, but nevertheless, QWERTY layouts were adopted for electronic keyboards because they were widely used. Alternative layouts such as the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard are not in widespread use. The QWERTZ layout is widely used in Germany and much of Central Europe. The main difference between it and QWERTY is that Y and Z\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323771\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"yet only be accessed by pressing two sets of keys at once; one acting as a function key similar to a 'Shift' key that would allow for capital letters on a standard keyboard. Handheld keyboards allow the user the ability to move around a room or to lean back on a chair while also being able to type in front or away from the computer. Some variations of handheld ergonomic keyboards also include a trackball mouse that allow mouse movement and typing included in one handheld device. Smaller external keyboards have been introduced for devices without a built-in keyboard, such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323761\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"signatures that can be detected using special spying equipment to reconstruct the keys pressed on the keyboard. Neal O'Farrell, executive director of the Identity Theft Council, revealed to InformationWeek that \\\"More than 25 years ago, a couple of former spooks showed me how they could capture a user's ATM PIN, from a van parked across the street, simply by capturing and decoding the electromagnetic signals generated by every keystroke,\\\" O'Farrell said. \\\"They could even capture keystrokes from computers in nearby offices, but the technology wasn't sophisticated enough to focus in on any specific computer.\\\" The use of any keyboard may\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323816\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"reference number, \\\"raw keycodes\\\", and these numbers are what is sent to the computer when a key is pressed or released.) The keyboard and the computer each have no information about what is marked on that key, and it could equally well be the letter \\\"A\\\" or the digit \\\"9\\\". The user of the computer is requested to identify the \\\"functional layout\\\" of the keyboard when installing the operating system. Today, most keyboards use one of three different mechanical layouts, usually referred to as simply \\\"ISO\\\" (ISO/IEC 9995-2), \\\"ANSI\\\" (ANSI-INCITS 154-1988), and \\\"JIS\\\" (JIS X 6002-1980), referring roughly to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318140\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"by the keyboard driver software. A key press generates a scancode which is interpreted as an alphanumeric character or control function. Depending on operating systems, various application programs are available to create, add and switch among keyboard layouts. Many programs are available, some of which are language specific. The arrangement of symbols of specific language can be customized. An existing keyboard layout can be edited, and a new layout can be created using this type of software. For example, for Mac, The Microsoft Keyboard Layout Creator and open-source Avro Keyboard for Windows provide the ability to customize the keyboard layout\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323791\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer port (hardware)\",\n \"text\": \"signals between devices. Bent pins are easier to replace on a cable than on a connector attached to a computer, so it was common to use connectors for the fixed side of an interface. Computer ports in common use cover a wide variety of shapes such as round (PS/2, etc.), rectangular (FireWire, etc.), square (Telephone plug), trapezoidal (D-Sub — the old printer port was a DB-25), etc. There is some standardization to physical properties and function. For instance, most computers have a keyboard port (currently a Universal Serial Bus USB-like outlet referred to as USB Port), into which the keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7710055\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Portuguese keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"Portuguese keyboard layout There are two QWERTY-based keyboard layouts used for the Portuguese language. Additionally, there are two variants of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard designed for Brazilian Portuguese. Typewriters in Portuguese-speaking countries generally have a separate extra key for \\\"Ç\\\", and a dead key for each diacritic except the cedilla; so that \\\"Á\\\" is obtained by typing first the acute accent, then the letter \\\"A\\\". The same thing happens with computer keyboards, except when using an \\\"English – International\\\" keyboard layout, where to type \\\"Ç\\\" one should first type the acute accent and then the letter \\\"C\\\". The Brazilian keyboards\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8517581\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"keystroke, shorter over travel distance, and a reduced set of keys. They may not have a numeric keypad, and the function keys may be placed in locations that differ from their placement on a standard, full-sized keyboard. The switch mechanism for a laptop keyboard is more likely to be a scissor switch than a rubber dome; this is opposite the trend for full-size keyboards. Flexible keyboards are a junction between normal type and laptop type keyboards: normal from the full arrangement of keys, and laptop from the short key distance. Additionally, the flexibility allows the user to fold/roll the keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323759\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"the right of L (where colon/semicolon is on a US keyboard). The digits 0 to 9 are on the same keys, but to be typed the shift key must be pressed. The unshifted positions are used for accented characters. In bilingual regions of Canada and in the French-speaking province of Québec, keyboards can often be switched between an English and a French-language keyboard; while both keyboards share the same QWERTY alphabetic layout, the French-language keyboard enables the user to type accented vowels such as \\\"é\\\" or \\\"à\\\" with a single keystroke. Using keyboards for other languages leads to a conflict:\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323773\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"presence of duplicate keys, such as a separate numeric keyboard or two each of Shift, ALT and CTL for convenience. Further the keyboard size depends on the extent to which a system is used where a single action is produced by a combination of subsequent or simultaneous keystrokes (with modifier keys), or multiple pressing of a single key. A keyboard with few keys is called a keypad. Another factor determining the size of a keyboard is the size and spacing of the keys. Reduction is limited by the practical consideration that the keys must be large enough to be easily\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323756\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"key. Another use is to type more symbols than appear to be available, for instance the apostrophe key is accompanied with a quotation mark on the top. If one wants to type the quotation mark but pressed that key alone, the symbol that would appear would be the apostrophe. The quotation mark will only appear if both the required key and the Shift key are pressed. The Menu key or Application key is a key found on Windows-oriented computer keyboards. It is used to launch a context menu with the keyboard rather than with the usual right mouse button. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323787\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"pressed by fingers. Alternatively a tool is used for pressing small keys. Standard alphanumeric keyboards have keys that are on three-quarter inch centers (0.750 inches, 19.05 mm), and have a key travel of at least 0.150 inches (3.81 mm). Desktop computer keyboards, such as the 101-key US traditional keyboards or the 104-key Windows keyboards, include alphabetic characters, punctuation symbols, numbers and a variety of function keys. The internationally common 102/104 key keyboards have a smaller left shift key and an additional key with some more symbols between that and the letter to its right (usually Z or Y). Also the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323757\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"and it can consist of the following types of keys: Arithmetic operators, numbers, arrow keys, Navigation keys, Num Lock and Enter key. Multifunctional keyboards provide additional function beyond the standard keyboard. Many are programmable, configurable computer keyboards and some control multiple PCs, workstations (incl. SUN) and other information sources (incl. Thomson Reuters FXT/Eikon, Bloomberg, EBS, etc.) usually in multi-screen work environments. Users have additional key functions as well as the standard functions and can typically use a single keyboard and mouse to access multiple sources. Multifunctional keyboards may feature customised keypads, fully programmable function or soft keys for macros/pre-sets, biometric\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323763\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Virtual keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Virtual keyboard A virtual keyboard is a software component that allows the input of characters without the need for physical keys. The interaction with the virtual keyboard happens mostly via a touchscreen interface, but can also take place in a different form in virtual or augmented reality. On a desktop computer, a virtual keyboard might provide an alternative input mechanism for users with disabilities who cannot use a conventional keyboard, or for bi- or multi-lingual users who switch frequently between different character sets or alphabets, which may be confusing over time. Although hardware keyboards are available with dual keyboard layouts\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7199549\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Magic Keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Magic Keyboard The Apple Magic Keyboard is the current computer keyboard produced by Apple Inc. It was released alongside the Magic Mouse 2 and the Magic Trackpad 2. It is the successor to the Apple Wireless Keyboard. The Magic keyboard is similar to its predecessor but it has a lower profile. Apple reengineered the scissor mechanism to increase key stability by 33 percent and reduce key travel. It has a sealed non-replaceable rechargeable Lithium-ion battery which is charged through a Lightning Connector in the middle rear of the keyboard. The rechargeable battery lasts one month between charges. The keyboard uses\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19389070\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard technology\",\n \"text\": \"lock\\\", \\\"num lock\\\" and \\\"scroll lock\\\" lights. A common test for whether the computer has crashed is pressing the \\\"caps lock\\\" key. The keyboard sends the key code to the keyboard driver running in the main computer; if the main computer is operating, it commands the light to turn on. All the other indicator lights work in a similar way. The keyboard driver also tracks the shift, alt and control state of the keyboard. The keyboard switch matrix is often drawn with horizontal wires and vertical wires in a grid which is called a matrix circuit. It has a switch\",\n \"psg_id\": \"225608\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"8, and 10. The Enter key is located: One in the alphanumeric keys and the other one is in the numeric keys. When one worked something on their computer and wanted to do something with their work, pressing the enter key would do the command they ordered. Another function is to create a space for next paragraph. When one typed and finished typing a paragraph and they wanted to have a second paragraph, they could press enter and it would do spacing. Shift key: when one presses shift and a letter, it will capitalize the letter pressed with the shift\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323786\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"(or computer) \\\"debounces\\\" the keystrokes, by aggregating them across time to produce one \\\"confirmed\\\" keystroke. Some low-quality keyboards also suffer problems with \\\"rollover\\\" (that is, when multiple keys pressed at the same time, or when keys are pressed so fast that multiple keys are down within the same milliseconds). Early \\\"solid-state\\\" keyswitch keyboards did not have this problem because the keyswitches are electrically isolated from each other, and early \\\"direct-contact\\\" keyswitch keyboards avoided this problem by having isolation diodes for every keyswitch. These early keyboards had \\\"n-key\\\" rollover, which means any number of keys can be depressed and the keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323805\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Work Is a Four-Letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"was it, really. I made a decision that I was going to get away on holiday. The only place I could think of was L.A. L.A. was the only place I knew where there'd be sunshine, so off I went. I never saw Morrissey again.\\\" Work Is a Four-Letter Word Work Is a Four-Letter Word (also known as Work Is a 4-Letter Word) is a 1968 British satirical comedy film starring David Warner and Cilla Black, in her only acting role in a cinematic film. The film, which directed by Peter Hall, was not well received by critics even though\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13332423\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Work Is a Four-Letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"Work Is a Four-Letter Word Work Is a Four-Letter Word (also known as Work Is a 4-Letter Word) is a 1968 British satirical comedy film starring David Warner and Cilla Black, in her only acting role in a cinematic film. The film, which directed by Peter Hall, was not well received by critics even though it was based on the award-winning play \\\"Eh?\\\". It also marked the acting debut of Elizabeth Spriggs. Everyone is employed by the ultra-modern DICE Corporation but Valentine Brose (Warner) would rather stay at home to tend his psychedelic mushrooms. However, his bedroom is too small\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13332417\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wireless keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"are not compatible across operating systems, so compatibility of the keyboard needs to be checked before purchasing one; this is because of the special function keys which differ between Android and iOS. Wireless keyboard A wireless keyboard is a computer keyboard that allows the user to communicate with computers, tablets, or laptops with the help of radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR) or Bluetooth technology. It is common for wireless keyboards available these days to be accompanied by a wireless mouse. Wireless keyboards based on infrared technology use light waves to transmit signals to other infrared-enabled devices. But, in case of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17275834\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Between C & D\",\n \"text\": \"on computer disk. Contributors included Kathy Acker, Bruce Benderson, Dennis Cooper, Gary Indiana, Tama Janowitz, Patrick McGrath and Lynne Tillman. In 1988, Penguin published the anthology \\\"Between C & D: New Writing from the Lower East Side Fiction Magazine\\\" for its Contemporary American Fiction series that included twenty-five writers chosen by Rose and Texier. The magazine was discussed in-depth in Brandon Stosuy's \\\"Up Is Up, But So Is Down: New York's Downtown Literary Scene, 1974-1992\\\" (NYU Press) in 2006. Between C & D Between C & D (1983–1990) was a Lower East Side quarterly literary magazine edited by Joel Rose\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7644724\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Avro Keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"A settlement was made between Dr. Khan and Jabbar in a formal meeting on 16 June 2010 in Bangladesh Computer Council office in Agargaon, Dhaka at presence of many IT experts. According to that, Dr. Khan removes the UniBijoy keyboard layout from Avro keyboard software and Jabbar withdraws the allegation of copyright violation from Bangladesh copyright office by 20 August 2010. As a result, UniBijoy keyboard layout was removed from the Avro Keyboard version 4.5.2 which was released on 20 August 2010. Jabbar informed that the trial in copyright office is withheld and will be withdrawn. He congratulated Dr. Khan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12217589\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"or standard artificial lighting. An early example of a consumer wireless keyboard is that of the Olivetti Envision. Optical character recognition (OCR) is preferable to rekeying for converting existing text that is already written down but not in machine-readable format (for example, a Linotype-composed book from the 1940s). In other words, to convert the text from an image to editable text (that is, a string of character codes), a person could re-type it, or a computer could look at the image and deduce what each character is. OCR technology has already reached an impressive state (for example, Google Book Search)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323810\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard buffer\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard buffer A keyboard buffer is a section of computer memory used to hold keystrokes before they are processed. Keyboard buffers have long been used in command-line processing. As a user enters a command, they see it echoed on their terminal and can edit it before it is processed by the computer. In time-sharing systems, the location of the buffer depends on whether communications is full-duplex or half-duplex. In full-duplex systems, keystrokes are transmitted one by one. As the main computer receives each keystroke, it ordinarily appends the character which it represents to the end of the keyboard buffer. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2172071\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"are preferable, such as on devices that can be used with only one hand, and on small mobile devices that don't have room for larger keyboards. Chorded keyboards are less desirable in many cases because it usually takes practice and memorization of the combinations to become proficient. Software keyboards or on-screen keyboards often take the form of computer programs that display an image of a keyboard on the screen. Another input device such as a mouse or a touchscreen can be used to operate each virtual key to enter text. Software keyboards have become very popular in touchscreen enabled cell\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Windows family) interpret the character \\\"\\\\\\\" as \\\"¥\\\" for display purposes without changing the bytecode which has led some keyboard makers to mark \\\"\\\\\\\" as \\\"¥\\\" or both. Keyboards for other alphabets supported include: In Microsoft word, ALT+Shift allows shifting between languages. Alphabetical, numeric, and punctuation keys are used in the same fashion as a typewriter keyboard to enter their respective symbol into a word processing program, text editor, data spreadsheet, or other program. Many of these keys will produce different symbols when modifier keys or shift keys are pressed. The alphabetic characters become uppercase when the shift key or\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323775\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"after its current location, and insert mode, where the cursor inserts a character at its current position, forcing all characters past it one position further. The Delete key discards the character ahead of the cursor's position, moving all following characters one position \\\"back\\\" towards the freed place. On many notebook computer keyboards the key labeled Delete (sometimes Delete and Backspace are printed on the same key) serves the same purpose as a Backspace key. The Backspace key deletes the preceding character. Lock keys lock part of a keyboard, depending on the settings selected. The lock keys are scattered around the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323781\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lady is a Four Letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"1975. Lady is a Four Letter Word Lady is a Four Letter Word is a Canadian current affairs television series which aired on CBC Television in 1975. This Ottawa-produced series on women's issues was hosted by Elizabeth Gray with announcer Bob Carl. Topics such as home and workplace, marriage and singleness were featured. A highlight of the series was that persons deemed sexist were written on an \\\"honour roll\\\" of toilet paper. This half-hour series was initially aired locally from 20 January 1975. It was broadcast on the national network Fridays at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 11 April to 30\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14828268\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lady is a Four Letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"Lady is a Four Letter Word Lady is a Four Letter Word is a Canadian current affairs television series which aired on CBC Television in 1975. This Ottawa-produced series on women's issues was hosted by Elizabeth Gray with announcer Bob Carl. Topics such as home and workplace, marriage and singleness were featured. A highlight of the series was that persons deemed sexist were written on an \\\"honour roll\\\" of toilet paper. This half-hour series was initially aired locally from 20 January 1975. It was broadcast on the national network Fridays at 1:00 p.m. (Eastern) from 11 April to 30 May\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14828267\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Young woman with a letter and a messenger in an interior\",\n \"text\": \"right-hand corner of a vestibule paved with tiles. A dog lies on her lap ; a bigger dog stands to the left. Through a door on the right a man-servant, hat in hand, enters with a letter. The scene is lighted from a window and from the street-door on the left, outside of which stands a child with a whip. Through the door are seen the trees by the canal and the sunlit houses on the other side of the street, which is the Kloveniersburgwal in Amsterdam. Signed \\\"P d' hooch f. 1670\\\" ; canvas, 27 inches by 23 1/2\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18803395\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"designs and unknowledgeable engineers may not know these tricks, and it can still be a problem in games due to wildly different or configurable layouts in different games. There are several ways of connecting a keyboard to a system unit (more precisely, to its keyboard controller) using cables, including the standard AT connector commonly found on motherboards, which was eventually replaced by the PS/2 and the USB connection. Prior to the iMac line of systems, Apple used the proprietary Apple Desktop Bus for its keyboard connector. Wireless keyboards have become popular for their increased user freedom. A wireless keyboard often\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323808\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"keyboards generally associate one action with each key, chorded keyboards associate actions with combinations of key presses. Since there are many combinations available, chorded keyboards can effectively produce more actions on a board with fewer keys. Court reporters' stenotype machines use chorded keyboards to enable them to enter text much faster by typing a syllable with each stroke instead of one letter at a time. The fastest typists (as of 2007) use a stenograph, a kind of chorded keyboard used by most court reporters and closed-caption reporters. Some chorded keyboards are also made for use in situations where fewer keys\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323765\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Between C & D\",\n \"text\": \"Between C & D Between C & D (1983–1990) was a Lower East Side quarterly literary magazine edited by Joel Rose and Catherine Texier. Though a geographical reference from New York City, \\\"Between C & D\\\" has also been suggested to mean \\\"between coke and dope\\\", giving an indication of the transgressive content and ethos. Its actual tagline was \\\"Sex. Drugs. Danger. Violence. Computers.\\\". The magazine was printed on fanfold computer paper, sold in a plastic bag and featured original artwork on each binding. These limited run editions were collected by New York galleries and libraries and back issues sold\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7644723\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Portuguese keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"are specified in the ABNT NBR (\\\"Norma Brasileira Regulamentadora\\\") 10346 variant 2 (alphanumeric) and NBR 10347 (numeric portion) standards. Portuguese keyboard layout There are two QWERTY-based keyboard layouts used for the Portuguese language. Additionally, there are two variants of the Dvorak Simplified Keyboard designed for Brazilian Portuguese. Typewriters in Portuguese-speaking countries generally have a separate extra key for \\\"Ç\\\", and a dead key for each diacritic except the cedilla; so that \\\"Á\\\" is obtained by typing first the acute accent, then the letter \\\"A\\\". The same thing happens with computer keyboards, except when using an \\\"English – International\\\" keyboard layout,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8517582\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Letter to a Phoenix\",\n \"text\": \"said that he was \\\"fascinated\\\" by the story, and that it was the direct inspiration for the 1975 story \\\"The Peddler's Apprentice\\\" which he co-wrote with his then-wife, Joan D. Vinge. Letter to a Phoenix \\\"Letter to a Phoenix\\\" is a science fiction short story by American writer Fredric Brown, about immortality. It was first published in \\\"Astounding Science Fiction\\\" in August 1949. A 180,000-year-old man writes a letter to humanity as a whole, explaining the lessons he has learned while observing the rise and fall of multiple civilizations. Literary scholar Jack Seabrook has described it as \\\"(t)hought-provoking rather than\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20847594\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard protector\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard protector A keyboard protector or keyboard cover is a device which is placed on top of a computer keyboard in order to reduce its contact with the environment, for example, to prevent dust entry, and to keep the keyboard in a pristine state and reduce or eliminate the need for cleaning the keyboard. A keyboard protector is usually made with plastic, polyurethane or silicone. Comparatively, silicone is a more protective and stronger substance which cannot be penetrated by liquids (unless they are corrosive alcohol), such as oil and water. A keyboard protector is placed on top of a keyboard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8586331\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Letter to Lord Ellenborough\",\n \"text\": \"of the New Testament was \\\"an exceedingly virtuous, good man, but nothing supernatural or divine.\\\" Despite the paucity of evidence, on 15 May 1812, the Ellenborough-led jury found Eaton guilty. His sentence was severe, including eighteen months in Newgate Prison and a monthly pillorying for the entire term of his sentence. The letter was republished as \\\"Shelley on Blasphemy: Being His Letter to Lord Ellenborough, Occasioned by the Sentence which He Passed on Mr. D. I. Eaton\\\" in 1883 in London by the Progressive Publishing Company. The letter was republished in \\\"A letter to Lord Ellenborough: Occasioned by the Sentence\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14123860\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Phonetic keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"Phonetic keyboard layout A phonetic keyboard layout is a setup in which the letters of a language correspond to the keys in the keyboard layout for another language and assumes a one-to-one correspondence between letters in the languages that is based on their sound. Russian has two popular keyboard layouts: The Cyrillic letters are on the same keys as similarly-sounding Roman letters: A-А, Б-B, В-V, Г-G, Д-D, Ф-F, K-K, O-O and so on. There are Russian phonetic layouts based on the QWERTY layout and others based on other localized layouts. The Russian phonetic layout is especially suited for foreigners studying\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19590718\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"or a command like minimizing all windows. When we calculate, we use these numeric keys to type numbers. Symbols concerned with calculations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division symbols are located in this group of keys. The enter key in this keys indicate the equal sign. It is possible to install multiple keyboard layouts within an operating system and switch between them, either through features implemented within the OS, or through an external application. Microsoft Windows, Linux, and Mac provide support to add keyboard layouts and choose from them. The character code produced by any key press is determined\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323790\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A World Between\",\n \"text\": \"would be like. If Spinrad sometimes succumbs to the urge to preach, what he preaches is democracy, sexual equality, and human understanding; surely, we can forgive him for this.\\\" A World Between A World Between is a novel by Norman Spinrad published in 1979. \\\"A World Between\\\" is a novel which takes place on a planet called Pacifica, whose governmental system is a media democracy, in which elections are held on a world-wide computer net. Greg Costikyan reviewed \\\"A World Between\\\" in \\\"Ares Magazine\\\" #1. Costikyan commented that \\\"In Spinrad's firm hands, the result is a gripping story from start\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20411232\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A World Between\",\n \"text\": \"A World Between A World Between is a novel by Norman Spinrad published in 1979. \\\"A World Between\\\" is a novel which takes place on a planet called Pacifica, whose governmental system is a media democracy, in which elections are held on a world-wide computer net. Greg Costikyan reviewed \\\"A World Between\\\" in \\\"Ares Magazine\\\" #1. Costikyan commented that \\\"In Spinrad's firm hands, the result is a gripping story from start to finish. His portrayal of Pacifican society is so convincing that the reader takes for granted its differences from our own, and his depiction of all three sides's propaganda\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20411231\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard protector\",\n \"text\": \"in order to have the keyboard fully and well protected. Different keyboards will often feature slightly different key spacing or arrangement, leading to ill-fitting protectors. Keyboard protector A keyboard protector or keyboard cover is a device which is placed on top of a computer keyboard in order to reduce its contact with the environment, for example, to prevent dust entry, and to keep the keyboard in a pristine state and reduce or eliminate the need for cleaning the keyboard. A keyboard protector is usually made with plastic, polyurethane or silicone. Comparatively, silicone is a more protective and stronger substance which\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8586334\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"only available in black and white, and was not suitable for keytops (too soft), so keytops use ABS plastic. However, as plastic molding advanced in maintaining tight tolerances, and as key travel length reduced from 0.187-inch to 0.110-inch (4.75 mm to 2.79 mm), single-part keytop/plungers could be made of ABS, with the keyboard monolocks also made of ABS. Computer keyboards include control circuitry to convert key presses into key codes (usually scancodes) that the computer's electronics can understand. The key switches are connected via the printed circuit board in an electrical X-Y matrix where a voltage is provided sequentially to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323801\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Membrane keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Membrane keyboard A membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose \\\"keys\\\" are not separate, moving parts, as with the majority of other keyboards, but rather are pressure pads that have only outlines and symbols printed on a flat, flexible surface. Very little, if any, tactile feedback is felt when using such a keyboard, and error-free blind typing is difficult. Membrane keyboards work by electrical contact between the keyboard surface and the underlying circuits when keytop areas are pressed. These models were used with some early 1980s home computers, enjoying wide adoption in consumer electronics devices. The keyboards are quite inexpensive\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2787421\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Trumbo\\\". It was ranked at number 3 on the Top 10 after \\\"Deadpool\\\" and \\\"Vir Altyd\\\". Mario Dos Santos, CEO of Ster-Kinekor Entertainment, said: \\\"The opening weekend's results for the film are simply overwhelming not only from local content perspective but also in comparison to Hollywood content.\\\" Happiness Is a Four-letter Word received critical acclaimed from its critics. The movie received a 97% approval rating from Metacritic. Happiness Is a Four-letter Word Happiness is a Four-letter Word is a 2016 South African romantic drama film directed by Thabang Moleya and written by Busisiwe Ntintili. Based on the novel of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19385363\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Virtual keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"for one, such as a pocket computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer or touchscreen-equipped mobile phone. Text is commonly inputted either by tapping a virtual keyboard or finger-tracing. Virtual keyboards are also used as features of emulation software for systems that have fewer buttons than a computer keyboard would have. The four main approaches to enter text into a PDA were, virtual keyboards operated by a stylus, external USB keyboards, handwritten keyboards and stroke recognition. Many early PDA not primarily focused on virtual keyboards. Microsoft’s mobile operating system approach was to simulate a complete functional keyboard. Which resulted in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7199551\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ergonomic keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Ergonomic keyboard An ergonomic keyboard is a computer keyboard designed with ergonomic considerations to minimize muscle strain and a host of related problems. Typically such keyboards for two-handed typists are constructed in a V shape, to allow right and left hands to type at a slight angle more natural to the human form. A \\\"fixed-split keyboard\\\" is a single board, with the keys separated into two or three groups, allowing the user to type at a different angle than the typical straight keyboard. An \\\"adjustable split keyboard\\\" has the keyboard split into several independent pieces, so the angle between them\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6774050\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard tablature\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard tablature A keyboard tablature is a tablature for a keyboard instrument such as the piano. The most common keyboard tablature is written using letters and numbers that designate the timing and keys to hit on a keyboard or piano. Modern piano tablature is based on scientific pitch notation, a variation of letter notation which has roots going back to the 11th century when Italian Guido of Arezzo developed Solfege. An example of modern piano tab notation, the scale of F played on 2 octaves: Some of the rules for this keyboard tablature are: Another example of piano tab notation,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7538179\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Apple Adjustable Keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"several ergonomic problems, it was reviewed poorly due to using a large amount of desk space, mainly because of the optional palm rests. The keyboard uses Alps SKFS switches, which provide tactile feedback with a slightly \\\"clicky\\\" feel. Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic keyboard introduced by Apple Computer, Inc. in 1993 for the Macintosh family of personal computers. The keyboard attaches to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus port. The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White), as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6328122\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"the first keyboard technologies not to use self-contained switches. There was simply a sponge pad with a conductive-coated Mylar plastic sheet on the switch plunger, and two half-moon trace patterns on the printed circuit board below. As the key was depressed, the capacitance between the plunger pad and the patterns on the PCB below changed, which was detected by integrated circuits (IC). These keyboards were claimed to have the same reliability as the other \\\"solid-state switch\\\" keyboards such as inductive and Hall-effect, but competitive with direct-contact keyboards. Prices of $60 for keyboards were achieved, and Key Tronic rapidly became the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323794\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"articles Japanese language and computers, Japanese input methods, and language input keys. Keyboard layout A keyboard layout is any specific \\\"mechanical\\\", \\\"visual\\\", or \\\"functional\\\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard. Mechanical layout is the placements and \\\"keys\\\" of a keyboard. Visual layout is the arrangement of the \\\"legends\\\" (labels, markings, engravings) that appear on the keys of a keyboard. Functional layout is the arrangement of the \\\"key-meaning associations\\\", determined in software, of all the keys of a keyboard. Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318226\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard layout A keyboard layout is any specific \\\"mechanical\\\", \\\"visual\\\", or \\\"functional\\\" arrangement of the keys, legends, or key-meaning associations (respectively) of a computer, typewriter, or other typographic keyboard. Mechanical layout is the placements and \\\"keys\\\" of a keyboard. Visual layout is the arrangement of the \\\"legends\\\" (labels, markings, engravings) that appear on the keys of a keyboard. Functional layout is the arrangement of the \\\"key-meaning associations\\\", determined in software, of all the keys of a keyboard. Most computer keyboards are designed to send scancodes to the operating system, rather than directly sending characters. From there, the series of scancodes\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318119\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"photo-electric keyboard and optical key actuation detection technology. An optical keyboard technology utilizes LEDs and photo sensors to optically detect actuated keys. Most commonly the emitters and sensors are located in the perimeter, mounted on a small PCB. The light is directed from side to side of the keyboard interior and it can only be blocked by the actuated keys. Most optical keyboards require at least 2 beams (most commonly vertical beam and horizontal beam) to determine the actuated key. Some optical keyboards use a special key structure that blocks the light in a certain pattern, allowing only one beam\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323769\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"will still recognize the next key depressed. But when three keys are pressed (electrically closed) at the same time in a \\\"direct contact\\\" keyswitch matrix that doesn't have isolation diodes, the keyboard electronics can see a fourth \\\"phantom\\\" key which is the intersection of the X and Y lines of the three keys. Some types of keyboard circuitry will register a maximum number of keys at one time. \\\"Three-key\\\" rollover, also called \\\"phantom key blocking\\\" or \\\"phantom key lockout\\\", will only register three keys and ignore all others until one of the three keys is lifted. This is undesirable, especially\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323806\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Membrane keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"two layers apart. Under normal conditions, the switch (key) is open, because current cannot cross the non-conductive gap between the traces on the bottom layer. However, when the top layer is pressed down (with a finger), it makes contact with the bottom layer. The conductive traces on the underside of the top layer can then bridge the gap, allowing current to flow. The switch is now \\\"closed\\\", and the parent device registers a keypress. Typical applications include; Source, APEM, Membrane switch panels \\\"QWERTY layouts unless otherwise specified\\\" Membrane keyboard A membrane keyboard is a computer keyboard whose \\\"keys\\\" are not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2787424\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard buffer\",\n \"text\": \"to read. On some systems, by pressing too many keys at once, the keyboard buffer overflows and will emit a beep from the computer's internal speaker. The use of keyboard buffers is sometimes known from the user experience side as typeahead. Keyboard buffer A keyboard buffer is a section of computer memory used to hold keystrokes before they are processed. Keyboard buffers have long been used in command-line processing. As a user enters a command, they see it echoed on their terminal and can edit it before it is processed by the computer. In time-sharing systems, the location of the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2172073\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"such devices that modern computer keyboards inherited their layouts. As early as the 1870s, teleprinter-like devices were used to simultaneously type and transmit stock market text data from the keyboard across telegraph lines to stock ticker machines to be immediately copied and displayed onto ticker tape. The teleprinter, in its more contemporary form, was developed from 1907 to 1910 by American mechanical engineer Charles Krum and his son Howard, with early contributions by electrical engineer Frank Pearne. Earlier models were developed separately by individuals such as Royal Earl House and Frederick G. Creed. Earlier, Herman Hollerith developed the first keypunch\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323753\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Musical keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"organ, digital piano, synthesizer). Since the most commonly encountered keyboard instrument is the piano, the keyboard layout is often referred to as the \\\"piano keyboard\\\". The twelve notes of the Western musical scale are laid out with the lowest note on the left; The longer keys (for the seven \\\"natural\\\" notes of the C major scale: C, D, E, F, G, A, B) jut forward. Because these keys were traditionally covered in ivory they are often called the \\\"white notes\\\" or \\\"white keys\\\". The keys for the remaining five notes—which are not part of the C major scale—(i.e., C/D, D/E,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"287706\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard technology\",\n \"text\": \"at some or all intersections, much like a multiplexed display. Almost all keyboards have only the switch at each intersection, which causes \\\"ghost keys\\\" and \\\"key jamming\\\" when multiple keys are pressed (rollover). Certain, often more expensive, keyboards have a diode between each intersection, allowing the keyboard microcontroller to accurately sense any number of simultaneous keys being pressed, without generating erroneous ghost keys. List of mechanical keyboards Keyboard technology Computer keyboards can be classified by the switch technology that they use. Computer alphanumeric keyboards typically have 80 to 110 durable switches, generally one for each key. The choice of switch\",\n \"psg_id\": \"225609\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"of their keycaps. This can be e.g. for masking foreign layouts, adding additional information such as shortcuts, learning aid, gaming controls, or solely for decorational purposes. The \\\"functional layout\\\" of the keyboard refers to the mapping between the physical keys, such as the key, and software events, such as the letter \\\"A\\\" appearing on the screen. Usually the functional layout is set to match the visual layout of the keyboard being used, so that pressing a key will produce the expected result, corresponding to the legends on the keyboard. However, most operating systems have software that allow the user to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318143\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Letter to a Hindu\",\n \"text\": \"peaceful resistance were the only alternative to violent revolution. These ideas ultimately proved to be successful in 1947 in the culmination of the Indian Independence Movement. In this letter, Tolstoy mentions the works of Swami Vivekananda. This letter, along with Tolstoy's views, preaching, and his book \\\"The Kingdom of God Is Within You\\\", helped to form Mohandas Gandhi's views about nonviolent resistance. The letter introduced Gandhi to the ancient Tamil moral literature, the Tirukkuṛaḷ, which Tolstoy referred to as the Hindu Kural. Gandhi then took to studying the Kural while in prison. A Letter to a Hindu \\\"A Letter to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6108135\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard (magazine)\",\n \"text\": \"Keyboard (magazine) Keyboard is a magazine that originally covered electronic keyboard instruments and keyboardists, though with the advent of computer-based recording and audio technology, they have added digital music technology to their regular coverage, including those not strictly pertaining to the keyboard-related instruments. The magazine has its headquarters in San Bruno, California. Future is the owner of \\\"Keyboard\\\" which was launched in 1975. During the initial years the magazine was named \\\"Contemporary Keyboard\\\". Over the years, the print and online editions of the magazine have moved into discussions on anything related to gear. The editors and writers of the magazine\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6176759\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard (magazine)\",\n \"text\": \"one. Jon Regen was made editor of Keyboardmag.com in March 2017. Keyboard (magazine) Keyboard is a magazine that originally covered electronic keyboard instruments and keyboardists, though with the advent of computer-based recording and audio technology, they have added digital music technology to their regular coverage, including those not strictly pertaining to the keyboard-related instruments. The magazine has its headquarters in San Bruno, California. Future is the owner of \\\"Keyboard\\\" which was launched in 1975. During the initial years the magazine was named \\\"Contemporary Keyboard\\\". Over the years, the print and online editions of the magazine have moved into discussions on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6176761\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard technology\",\n \"text\": \"(due to the limited movement of the keys and their multiple attachment points) but also less likely to get debris in them as the gaps between the keys are often smaller (as there is no need for extra room to allow for the 'wiggle' in the key, as typically found on a membrane keyboard). In this type of keyboard, pressing a key changes the capacitance of a pattern of capacitor pads. The pattern consists of two D-shaped capacitor pads for each switch, printed on a printed circuit board (PCB) and covered by a thin, insulating film of soldermask which acts\",\n \"psg_id\": \"225593\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Projection keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"a light source and may project a full size QWERTY keyboard. The projected keyboard size is usually 295 mm x 95 mm and it is projected at a distance of 60 mm from the virtual keyboard unit. The projection keyboard detects up to 400 characters per minute. Projection keyboards connect to the computer either through Bluetooth or USB. Bluetooth dongle technology enables the projection keyboard for point to multi-point connectivity with other Bluetooth devices, such as PCs, PDAs and mobile phone. The way that Bluetooth projection keyboards connect to devices depends on the specific tablet, phone or computer. Apart from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7815063\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ergonomic keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"room or to lean back on a chair while also being able to type in front or away from the computer. Some variations of handheld ergonomic keyboards also include a trackball mouse that allow mouse movement and typing included in one handheld device. The angled split keyboard (sometimes referred to as a Klockenburg keyboard) is similar to a split keyboard, but the middle is tented up so that the index fingers are higher than the little fingers while typing. Key Ovation makes the Goldtouch ergonomic keyboard which is an adjustable angled split keyboard. Other ergonomic keyboards have fixed, vertically aligned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6774052\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word\",\n \"text\": \"Happiness Is a Four-letter Word Happiness is a Four-letter Word is a 2016 South African romantic drama film directed by Thabang Moleya and written by Busisiwe Ntintili. Based on the novel of the same name by Nozizwe Cynthia Jele, the film tells the story of three friends trying to find their happiness while maintaining images of success and acceptability. The film revolves around three women. Glamorous trophy housewife Zaza, played by Khanyi Mbau, seems to be living the new South African dream of money, success, and loving partners. Lawyer and compulsive perfectionist Nandi, played by Mmabatho Montsho, whose life from\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19385360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Apple Adjustable Keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic keyboard introduced by Apple Computer, Inc. in 1993 for the Macintosh family of personal computers. The keyboard attaches to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus port. The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 (Blue and White), as it was the last one with the Apple Desktop Bus. It aimed to solve repetitive stress injuries resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome, after several computer keyboard manufacturers were sued for poor design . The Apple Adjustable Keyboard came\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6328120\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"cause serious injury (that is, carpal tunnel syndrome or other repetitive strain injury) to hands, wrists, arms, neck or back. The risks of injuries can be reduced by taking frequent short breaks to get up and walk around a couple of times every hour. As well, users should vary tasks throughout the day, to avoid overuse of the hands and wrists. When inputting at the keyboard, a person should keep the shoulders relaxed with the elbows at the side, with the keyboard and mouse positioned so that reaching is not necessary. The chair height and keyboard tray should be adjusted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323817\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"keyboards were about two inches (5 cm) thick. Over time, less key travel was accepted in the market, finally landing on 0.110 inches (2.79 mm). Coincident with this, Key Tronic was the first company to introduce a keyboard that was only about one inch thick. And now keyboards measure only about a half-inch thick. Keytops are an important element of keyboards. In the beginning, keyboard keytops had a \\\"dish shape\\\" on top, like typewriters before them. Keyboard key legends must be extremely durable over tens of millions of depressions, since they are subjected to extreme mechanical wear from fingers and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323796\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A Letter to a Young Poet\",\n \"text\": \"A Letter to a Young Poet A Letter to a Young Poet was an epistolary letter by Virginia Woolf, written in 1932 to John Lehman, laying out her views on modern poetry. In 1932, Woolf responded to a letter from the writer, John Lehmann, about her novel \\\"The Waves\\\" (1931) in which he asked her to write about her views on modern poetry. Lehmann had a mission to revitalise modern poetry, and came to the Hogarth Press to enlist their help. Virginia was enthusiastic about his suggestion of a \\\"letter to a young poet\\\", which she thought was \\\"most brilliant\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20660942\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"normally there are no Russian letters drawn on keyboard buttons. This layout is made for typists who are more familiar with other layouts, like the common English QWERTY keyboard, and follows the Greek and Armenian layouts in placing most letters at the corresponding Latin letter locations. It is famous among both native speakers and people who use, teach, or are learning Russian, and is recommended — along with the Standard Layout — by the linguists, translators, teachers and students of AATSEEL.org. The earliest known implementation of the Cyrillic-to-QWERTY homophonic keyboard was by former AATSEEL officer Constance Curtin between 1972 and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318195\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Computer keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"the image on the key does not correspond to the character. In such cases, each new language may require an additional label on the keys, because the standard keyboard layouts do not share even similar characters of different languages (see the example in the figure above). Keyboards in many parts of Asia may have special keys to switch between the Latin character set and a completely different typing system. Japanese layout keyboards can be switched between various Japanese input methods and the Latin alphabet by signaling the operating system's input interpreter of the change, and some operating systems (namely the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12323774\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Photovoltaic keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Photovoltaic keyboard A photovoltaic keyboard is a wireless computer keyboard that charges its batteries from a light source such as the sun or interior lighting, addressing a major drawback of wireless computer peripherals that otherwise require regular replacement of discharged batteries. The Logitech K750 has a set of photovoltaic cells on the top edge, charges in sunlight or under a standard bulb, can work up to three months in total darkness, and includes software to display battery charging status. It is a fullsized keyboard, including the usual movement keys and NumPad section on the right side, with low-profile keys much\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15090259\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Keyboard layout\",\n \"text\": \"with special characters being entered using a separate Shift key; the home row was, uniquely, the bottom one (i.e. the typist kept her hands on the bottom row). A computer or standard typewriter keyboard, on the other hand, has four banks of keys, with home row being second from bottom. To fit on a Sholes-patterned (typewriter or computer) keyboard, the Blickensderfer layout was modified by Nick Matavka in 2012, and released for both Mac OS X and Windows. To accommodate the differences between Blickensderfer and Sholes keyboards (\\\"not\\\" the layouts, but the keyboards themselves), the order of the rows was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14318174\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Galaksija (computer)\",\n \"text\": \"added using Letraset transfer letter sheets after the first (white) coat of paint but before the second coat of final colour. After the paint dried, transferred decorations were supposed to be scratched off, exposing underlying white paint. The keyboard is laid out such that keys have their own memory-mapped addresses that, in most cases, follow the same order as ASCII code of the letter on the key. This saved the ROM space by reducing lookup tables but significantly increased the complexity of single-layer keyboard PCB such that it alone required 35 jumpers. Galaksija (computer) The Galaksija (pronounced \\\"Galaxiya\\\" , meaning\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3747638\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Wireless keyboard\",\n \"text\": \"Wireless keyboard A wireless keyboard is a computer keyboard that allows the user to communicate with computers, tablets, or laptops with the help of radio frequency (RF), infrared (IR) or Bluetooth technology. It is common for wireless keyboards available these days to be accompanied by a wireless mouse. Wireless keyboards based on infrared technology use light waves to transmit signals to other infrared-enabled devices. But, in case of radio frequency technology, a wireless keyboard communicates using signals which range from 27 MHz to up to 2.4 GHz. Most wireless keyboards today work on 2.4 GHz radio frequency. Bluetooth is another\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17275831\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["🅢","ess","ⓢ","s (letter)","s","⒮","🄢","ｓ","ⓢ","🆂","🅂"],"string":"[\n \"🅢\",\n \"ess\",\n \"ⓢ\",\n \"s (letter)\",\n \"s\",\n \"⒮\",\n \"🄢\",\n \"ｓ\",\n \"ⓢ\",\n \"🆂\",\n \"🅂\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":97,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what was hitchcock's first sound movie?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"wrote in 1982: \"The Hitchcock touch had four hands, and two were Alma's.\" Hitchcock began work on his tenth film, \"Blackmail\" (1929), when its production company, British International Pictures (BIP), converted its Elstree studios to sound. The film was the first British \"\"; it followed the first American sound feature film, \"The Jazz Singer\" (1927). \"Blackmail\" began the Hitchcock tradition of using famous landmarks as a backdrop for suspense sequences, with the climax taking place on the dome of the British Museum. It also features one of his longest cameo appearances, which shows him being bothered by a small boy","psg_id":"3618"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"wrote in 1982: \\\"The Hitchcock touch had four hands, and two were Alma's.\\\" Hitchcock began work on his tenth film, \\\"Blackmail\\\" (1929), when its production company, British International Pictures (BIP), converted its Elstree studios to sound. The film was the first British \\\"\\\"; it followed the first American sound feature film, \\\"The Jazz Singer\\\" (1927). \\\"Blackmail\\\" began the Hitchcock tradition of using famous landmarks as a backdrop for suspense sequences, with the climax taking place on the dome of the British Museum. It also features one of his longest cameo appearances, which shows him being bothered by a small boy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3618\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"A. S. Hitchcock","text":"from the Smithsonian. A. S. Hitchcock Albert Spear Hitchcock (September 4, 1865 – December 16, 1935) was an American botanist and agrostologist. Hitchcock graduated from the Iowa Agricultural College with bachelor's degree in 1884 and M.S. in 1886. From 1892 to 1901 he was a professor of botany at the Kansas Agricultural College. Hitchcock joined the USDA in 1901 as Assistant Agrostologist under Frank Lamson-Scribner. In 1905 he was put in charge of the grass herbarium and became Systematic Agrostologist. After 1928, he held the title of Principal Biologist in charge of Systematic Agrostology of the Department of Agriculture and","psg_id":"9620537"},{"title":"A. S. Hitchcock","text":"A. S. Hitchcock Albert Spear Hitchcock (September 4, 1865 – December 16, 1935) was an American botanist and agrostologist. Hitchcock graduated from the Iowa Agricultural College with bachelor's degree in 1884 and M.S. in 1886. From 1892 to 1901 he was a professor of botany at the Kansas Agricultural College. Hitchcock joined the USDA in 1901 as Assistant Agrostologist under Frank Lamson-Scribner. In 1905 he was put in charge of the grass herbarium and became Systematic Agrostologist. After 1928, he held the title of Principal Biologist in charge of Systematic Agrostology of the Department of Agriculture and kept that title","psg_id":"9620535"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock Presents","text":"Pictures UK has released the first three seasons on DVD, and Fabulous Films has released all seven seasons on DVD, including all three seasons of \"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\". In Region 4, Madman Entertainment has released all seven seasons on DVD in Australia. They have also released all three seasons of \"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\". In 1985, NBC aired a new TV movie pilot based upon the series, combining four newly filmed stories with colorized footage of Hitchcock from the original series to introduce each segment. The movie was a huge ratings success. The \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\" revival series debuted","psg_id":"1842351"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"as he reads a book on the London Underground. In the PBS series \"The Men Who Made The Movies\", Hitchcock explained how he used early sound recording as a special element of the film, stressing the word \"knife\" in a conversation with the woman suspected of murder. During this period, Hitchcock directed segments for a BIP revue, \"Elstree Calling\" (1930), and directed a short film, \"An Elastic Affair\" (1930), featuring two \"Film Weekly\" scholarship winners. \"An Elastic Affair\" is one of the lost films. In 1933 Hitchcock was once again working for Michael Balcon at Gaumont British. His first film","psg_id":"3619"},{"title":"Edward Hitchcock Jr.","text":"medicine from the Harvard Medical School. The same year, after receiving his doctorate, he married Mary Judson. They had ten children; three of whom died in infancy. Hitchcock Jr. returned to Amherst College in 1861 as professor of Hygiene and Physical Education. Hitchcock Jr. was the first ever physical educator. Colleges had hired physical educators since the early 1820s, but Edward Hitchcock Jr. is generally credited with being the first formal physical educator at the collegiate level. He believed in the importance of sound physical health for college students, so that the mind could accomplish its best work and students","psg_id":"15452550"},{"title":"A. S. Hitchcock","text":"until his death in 1935. In 1912 he became Custodian of Grasses, Division of Plants, United States National Museum. Hitchcock remained Custodian without remuneration until his death. His field notebooks are archived in the Smithsonian Institution. He was a professor of botany in the Kansas State Agricultural College and authored over 250 works during his lifetime. The Hitchcock-Chase Collection consists of 2,707 drawings (mostly ink, but some pencil) of grasses, representing hundreds of genera, that were assembled by the Smithsonian Institution agrostologists Albert Spear Hitchcock (1865–1935) and Mary Agnes Chase (1869–1963). The collection is on indefinite loan to Hunt Institute","psg_id":"9620536"},{"title":"Robyn Hitchcock","text":"Pictures.\" The pair subsequently toured, releasing another 7\" single double A side with the songs \"Love Is A Drag\" and \"Life Is Change,\" produced by Teenage Fanclub's Norman Blake. In 2017, Hitchcock released his eponymous album \"Robyn Hitchcock\". Working with Brendan Benson as co-producer, the album saw a return to a full band sound after his previous release, with guest appearances from Gillian Welch and Emma Swift. Hitchcock was born in Paddington, London, England, son of novelist Raymond Hitchcock (writer of \"Percy\"). He was educated at Winchester College. and Trinity College, Cambridge from where he was sent down, failing to","psg_id":"3743565"},{"title":"Tara Hitchcock","text":"KTVK, in Phoenix from 1997 through September 27, 2011. Tara Hitchcock lived in the Phoenix suburb of Ahwatukee Foothills, prior to her marriage to Kenn Francis. Hitchcock now resides in Scottsdale with Francis and his children from a previous relationship. On October 31, 2013 she started a Thursday morning segment on KPHO's CBS 5 News at 6AM called \"Tara's Reel Travels\" where she interviews cast members of an upcoming movie. Tara Hitchcock Tara Hitchcock (born 1971) is an American journalist and news anchor. She was born in Pennsylvania, the eldest of four daughters. Her family lived in Massachusetts and New","psg_id":"3036397"},{"title":"Storefront Hitchcock","text":"Storefront Hitchcock Storefront Hitchcock is the title of a soundtrack album by Robyn Hitchcock, released in support of a film of the same name, which was directed by Jonathan Demme. The film is essentially an audience-eye view of its subject matter, singer-songwriter Hitchcock, standing inside a derelict shop window in New York, performing selections from his considerable back catalogue on acoustic guitar. The street scenes and passers by glimpsed through the glass act as a backdrop to the movie, which went on general release in 1998. Recorded by John Hanlon and David Hewitt on Remote Recording Services' Silver Truck The","psg_id":"10229641"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock Presents","text":"ended up directing what would be the last episode. The broadcast history was as follows: \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\", 25 minutes long, aired weekly at 9:30 on CBS on Sunday nights from 1955 to 1960, and then at 8:30 on NBC on Tuesday nights from 1960 to 1962.It was followed by \"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\", which lasted for three seasons, September 1962 to June 1965, adding another 93 episodes to the 268 already produced for \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\". Two episodes that were directed by Hitchcock were nominated for Emmy Awards. The first episode was \"The Case of Mr. Pelham\" in 1955","psg_id":"1842347"},{"title":"Hitchcock, South Dakota","text":"Hitchcock, South Dakota Hitchcock is a town in Beadle County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 91 at the 2010 census. Hitchcock co-ops with the nearby town of Tulare for sports, making them the Hitchcock/Tulare Patriots. Hitchcock was platted in 1881. Early variant names were Clarkville and Altoona. The present name honors Charles S. Hitchcock, an original owner of the town site. A post office has been in operation in Hitchcock since 1881. Hitchcock is located at (44.630123, -98.410259). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land. Hitchcock has been","psg_id":"1216922"},{"title":"Nigel Hitchcock","text":"Nigel Hitchcock Nigel Hitchcock (born 4 January 1971) is an English jazz saxophonist. Hitchcock began to play alto sax at the age of eight. In 1982 he and his elder brother Clive joined the National Youth Jazz Orchestra. After one year Nigel took the lead alto chair for the next five years. During this time the orchestra toured with different musicians such as Vic Damone, Buddy Greco and Al Martino. At the age of 16, Hitchcock moved to London and began his career as a session musician and also had recorded TV jingles, movie soundtracks, and pop solos. In 1989","psg_id":"12426157"},{"title":"Raymond Hitchcock (actor)","text":"which was originally produced on Broadway in 1917, 1918, 1919, and 1920. Cole Porter wrote the music for the 1919 version. Raymond Hitchcock also figured prominently in John Ford's \"Upstream\" (1927). He died on November 24, 1929. Hitchcock was married to Freda Bowen from 1891 to 1903, and then was married to actress Flora Zabelle (1880-1968) from 1905 to his death in 1929. Hitchcock and Zabelle had no children. In one of her few movie roles, Zabelle appeared in the silent film \"The Red Widow\" (1916) opposite male lead John Barrymore. Barrymore's role had been played by Hitchcock in the","psg_id":"12725912"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"Mountain Eagle\" (1926), released in the United States as \"Fear o' God\". The film is lost; Hitchcock called it \"a very bad movie\". Hitchcock's luck changed with his first thriller, \"\" (1927), about the hunt for a serial killer who, wearing a black cloak and carrying a black bag, is murdering young blonde women in London, and only on Tuesdays. A landlady suspects that her lodger is the killer, but he turns out to be innocent. To convey that footsteps were being heard from an upper floor, Hitchcock had a glass floor made so that the audience could see the","psg_id":"3614"},{"title":"Do You Like Hitchcock?","text":"mind. Giulio stands staring with mouth agape. \"Do You Like Hitchcock?\" received mixed reviews from critics and audiences, earning a 31% audience score on Rotten Tomatoes and a 5.7 / 10 rating on IMDb. The film was nominated for Best TV-Movie at the 2006 Barcelona Film Awards. Do You Like Hitchcock? Do You Like Hitchcock? (orig. Ti piace Hitchcock?) is a 2005 made-for-TV giallo film directed by Dario Argento. The film is a homage to the acclaimed thriller film director Alfred Hitchcock. In 1991 Giulio, a young boy bicycling in the woods, spots a woman darting between the trees. He","psg_id":"9698688"},{"title":"What Sound","text":"not feature the track \"Written\". 2002 Australian limited edition What Sound What Sound is the third album by English electronic music group Lamb, released in October 2001 Original members Andy Barlow and Lou Rhodes are joined by session musicians Arto Lindsay on guitar, Me'Shell NdegéOcello on bass, and Michael Franti with additional vocal work. Doves guitarist Jimi Goodwin, producers Nellee Hooper and Richard Dorfmeister (one half of Kruder & Dorfmeister) also contributed to the album. The track \"Heaven\" was used constantly on the HBO television series \"Six Feet Under\". A hidden track called \"Blessing in Disguise\" follows a period of","psg_id":"6504393"},{"title":"What Sound","text":"What Sound What Sound is the third album by English electronic music group Lamb, released in October 2001 Original members Andy Barlow and Lou Rhodes are joined by session musicians Arto Lindsay on guitar, Me'Shell NdegéOcello on bass, and Michael Franti with additional vocal work. Doves guitarist Jimi Goodwin, producers Nellee Hooper and Richard Dorfmeister (one half of Kruder & Dorfmeister) also contributed to the album. The track \"Heaven\" was used constantly on the HBO television series \"Six Feet Under\". A hidden track called \"Blessing in Disguise\" follows a period of silence after the final track. Note: Some editions do","psg_id":"6504392"},{"title":"Sound film","text":"true boundaries of the cinema.\" Such opinions were not rare among those who cared about cinema as an art form; Alfred Hitchcock, though he directed the first commercially successful talkie produced in Europe, held that \"the silent pictures were the purest form of cinema\" and scoffed at many early sound films as delivering little beside \"photographs of people talking\". In Germany, Max Reinhardt, stage producer and movie director, expressed the belief that the talkies, \"bringing to the screen stage plays ... tend to make this independent art a subsidiary of the theater and really make it only a substitute for","psg_id":"788609"},{"title":"Before There Was Sound","text":"Freddy\" is dedicated to the trumpeter. \"Jo Jar\" is for Joseph Jarman. The \"Down Beat\" review by Peter Margasak states \"This is incredible, rigorously rehearsed and researched music made only less radical by what followed it—but in 1965 this would have blown minds.\" Before There Was Sound Before There Was Sound is an album by American jazz saxophonist Roscoe Mitchell recorded in 1965 but not issued until 2011 by Nessa Records. The album presents the earliest recordings available of the work of the AACM, taped shortly after the first meeting of the organization in May 1965 and approximately a year","psg_id":"18520651"},{"title":"Carol Hitchcock","text":"Lucky\" (December 1987) – both are produced by the UK trio – and found \"one of their relatively memorable singles was [Hitchcock]'s 'Get Ready'. Her gimmick for that single was her shaven head. The reason that single was memorable was the threatening tone of [her] vocal. On this single, all Kylie has to offer is sweetness. Bad for the teeth, as it grates.\" According to Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, \"The gutsy singer had made her mark but, unfortunately, there was no follow-up and Hitchcock slipped from view.\" During the mid-1980s Hitchcock was married to fellow Australian singer, Roger Hart (ex-Little","psg_id":"6046709"},{"title":"This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For","text":"You're Dead? Nobody.\", \"Dagger\", \"Passe Compose\", \"Traitors Never Play Hangman\" and \"We Are All Movie Stars\". The artwork was different as well, with the cover featuring the band's logo with a sparrow in the corner of the cover standing about a bottle of leaking love hearts. Jack Rogers writing for \"Rock Sound\" reviewed the song \"RE: They Have No Reflections\" and commented that it is \"Scrappy, heavy and completely and utterly debauched\". This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For is the first release by Bring","psg_id":"9078661"},{"title":"Hitchcock & Herrmann","text":"and \"Marnie\". After ten years the two men ended their collaboration. Through what is two intersecting monologues the play \"Hitchcock & Herrmann\" explores the relationship between these two geniuses and endeavours to explain in their own words why at the height of their creative talents they parted company and never worked together again. Interspersed throughout are examples of Herrmann's music - often taking the place for important dramatic points. The play was first performed in January, 2005 as a rehearsed reading at the 4MBS Performance Studio in Brisbane, Australia with Knijnenburg himself playing the part of Hitchcock and Yalin Ozucelik","psg_id":"10159198"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock and the Making of Psycho","text":"Required reading not only for \"Psycho\"-files, but for anyone interested in the backstage world of movie-creation.\" Images Journal reviewer Gary Johnson called it \"one of the best books ever written about the making of a movie.\" Gerald Kaufman of \"The Sunday Telegraph\" found it \"joyously entertaining.\" \"Entertainment Weekly,\" referring to Rebello's revealing how Hitchcock arrived at the sound of the knife stabbing the heroine in the shower, opined \"the melon tale alone is worth the price of [the book].\" Another top critic wrote that, unlike other books about films and filmmakers, it \"reads more like a gripping novel than detached","psg_id":"11942839"},{"title":"Edward Griffin Hitchcock","text":"what was called the Volcano School because of the use of the volcanoes of Hawaii island as subjects. Edward Griffin Hitchcock Edward Griffin \"Holy Terror\" Hitchcock (January 20, 1837 – October 9, 1898) was a law enforcement officer in the Kingdom of Hawaii, who rose to the position of Marshal of the Republic of Hawaii. Edward Griffin Hitchcock was born January 20, 1837 in Lahaina on the island of Maui. His father was early missionary Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), and mother was Rebecca Howard (1808–1890). They were assigned the mission station called Kaluaaha on the eastern end of the island","psg_id":"14562786"},{"title":"Dave Hitchcock","text":"business, DBM Ltd, \"For artists, producers, writers and other creatives - 85% of what we do is music-related.\" Dave Hitchcock Dave Hitchcock is a former record producer working with Genesis, Caravan, Camel, Curved Air and Renaissance. David Hitchcock worked in A&R as a staff producer at Decca Records before becoming an independent record producer. He worked with Decca Records and Charisma Records and formed the company \"Gruggy Woof Productions\". Hitchcock later retrained as a chartered accountant with KPMG with the aim of becoming someone who could provide financial advice for musicians. He then joined Ernst & Young's \"Entertainment & Media","psg_id":"15905501"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"start gathering, watching, and attacking. The question: \"What do the birds want?\" is left unanswered. Hitchcock made the film with equipment from the Revue Studio, which made \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\". He said it was his most technically challenging film yet, using a combination of trained and mechanical birds against a backdrop of wild ones. Every shot was sketched in advance. An HBO/BBC television film, \"The Girl\" (2012), depicted Hedren's experiences on set; she said that Hitchcock became obsessed with her and sexually harassed her. He reportedly isolated her from the rest of the crew, had her followed, whispered obscenities to","psg_id":"3659"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"molest Marnie—Marnie had killed the client to save her mother. Cured of her fears when she remembers what happened, she decides to stay with Mark. No longer speaking to her because she had rebuffed him, Hitchcock apparently referred to Hedren throughout as \"the girl\" rather than by name. He told Robert Burks, the cinematographer, that the camera had to be placed as close as possible to Hedren when he filmed her face. Evan Hunter, the screenwriter of \"The Birds\" who was writing \"Marnie\" too, explained to Hitchcock that, if Mark loved Marnie, he would comfort her, not rape her. Hitchcock","psg_id":"3664"},{"title":"Lambert Hitchcock","text":"Lambert Hitchcock Lambert Hitchcock (May 28, 1795, Cheshire, Connecticut – 1852) was an American furniture manufacturer, famous for designing and mass-producing the Hitchcock chair. Hitchcock was the son of John Lee Hitchcock, an American Revolutionary War veteran who was lost at sea in 1811. He attended the Episcopal Academy of Cheshire, now known as Cheshire Academy, and was an apprentice to woodworker Silas Cheney. In 1818, he opened a furniture factory in Riverton, Connecticut, then called Hitchcocksville. The factory at first made chair parts. Soon Hitchcock, influenced by Connecticut clockmaker Eli Terry, began mass-producing simple, affordable chairs. Instead of painting","psg_id":"10330589"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"relation between sex and death than any other work in his filmography. \"Vertigo\" contains a camera technique developed by Irmin Roberts, commonly referred to as a dolly zoom, that has been copied many times by filmmakers. The film premiered at the San Sebastián International Film Festival, where Hitchcock won a Silver Seashell. \"Vertigo\" is considered a classic, but it attracted some negative reviews and poor box-office receipts at the time, and it was the last collaboration between Stewart and Hitchcock. In the 2002 \"Sight & Sound\" polls, it ranked just behind \"Citizen Kane\" (1941); ten years later, in the same","psg_id":"3651"},{"title":"Jimmy Hitchcock","text":"Jimmy Hitchcock James Franklin Hitchcock, Jr. (June 28, 1911 – July 23, 1959) was an American college football player and Major League Baseball player during the Depression Era. Hitchcock played for the Auburn Tigers football team of Auburn University (then Alabama Polytechnic Institute), where he was the school's first All-American in both football and baseball. Jimmy Hitchcock was born on June 28, 1911 in Inverness, Alabama to James Franklin Hitchcock, clerk of the circuit court in Bullock County, and Sallie Louise Davis. Known as \"The Phantom of Union Springs\", where he played in high school, Hitchcock earned three varsity football","psg_id":"9286706"},{"title":"Ken Hitchcock","text":"season with the Stars, Hitchcock again led the Stars to the playoffs, losing in the Conference Finals to the eventual Stanley Cup champion Detroit Red Wings. Also during the 1997–98 season, Hitchcock was named to his first of three consecutive NHL All-Star Game teams as coach. During the 1998–99 NHL season, Hitchcock led the Stars to a regular season record of 51–19–12 (0.695 winning percentage), a team best. In the playoffs, Hitchcock led the team to a Stanley Cup victory over the Buffalo Sabres, the team's first. The next season, Hitchcock again led the team to the Stanley Cup finals,","psg_id":"3103661"},{"title":"Henry Hitchcock","text":"Henry Hitchcock Henry Hitchcock (September 11, 1792 – August 11, 1839) was the first Attorney General of Alabama, having been elected by the Alabama General Assembly in December 1819 in its initial session. He was also the Secretary of the Alabama Territory, the position which was the precursor to the modern-day Secretary of State of Alabama. Henry Hitchcock was born in Burlington, Vermont in 1792. He was the grandson of General Ethan Allen, leader of the Green Mountain Boys and hero of Ticonderoga, and the son of Judge Samuel Hitchcock. Major General Ethan Allen Hitchcock was his brother. Henry Hitchcock's","psg_id":"4978748"},{"title":"Hitchcock (film)","text":"much fun and so suspenseful that it would make the original Hitchcock proud ... It's a serious contender for Best Picture, Lead Actor, Lead Actress, Adapted Screenplay, Makeup, Music Score, and maybe Art Direction.\" John Patterson of \"The Guardian\" called the film \"clever and witty\"; \"the making of \"Psycho\" is depicted in detail without our seeing one frame of the completed movie\" and concluding \"it lives and breathes through Hopkins and Mirren.\" Upon its theatrical release, Mary Pols of \"Time\" called the film \"a feel-good frolic, which is fine for anyone who prefers their Hitchcock history tidied up, absent the","psg_id":"16797766"},{"title":"Sterling Hitchcock","text":"Sterling Hitchcock Sterling Alex Hitchcock (born April 29, 1971) is an American former Major League Baseball left-handed pitcher. He played from to , mostly with the New York Yankees and San Diego Padres. Hitchcock was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina. He attended Armwood High School in Seffner, Florida. The Yankees selected Hitchcock in the ninth round of the 1989 Major League Baseball Draft. Though he committed to attend the University of South Florida, the Yankees signed Hitchcock with a $50,000 signing bonus. He made his Major League debut in 1992, pitching his first full season in 1994. He was traded","psg_id":"8467627"},{"title":"Tom Hitchcock","text":"Ben Nugent, combining his studies and appearances for the school's first XI with his Academy commitments. When his father was appointed as goalkeeping coach at Blackburn Rovers as part of Mark Hughes' coaching team in 2004, Hitchcock and his family moved north and Tom transferred to the Blackburn youth teams. Tom Hitchcock Thomas Joseph Hitchcock (born 1 October 1992) is an English amateur (and former professional) footballer who plays as a forward for Harlow Town. Hitchcock progressed through the youth system at Blackburn Rovers academy after officially joining in 2007, after being recommended by his father Kevin Hitchcock who was","psg_id":"15759247"},{"title":"Tom Hitchcock","text":"for the club, before returning to Milton Keynes Dons in January 2015. On 7 August 2015, Hitchcock signed for League Two side Stevenage, initially on a one-month loan which was later extended. Hitchcock made his debut for Stevenage against Notts County but was sent off on his debut. Hitchcock scored his first goal for Stevenage in a 1-1 away draw to Dagenham & Redbridge. Hitchcock scored his second goal for the club on 19 September 2015 in a 3-2 away defeat to Barnet before returning to Milton Keynes Dons. On 23 February 2016, Hitchcock returned to League One side Crewe","psg_id":"15759245"},{"title":"D. Howard Hitchcock","text":"D. Howard Hitchcock David Howard Hitchcock (May 15, 1861 – January 1, 1943) was an American painter of the Volcano School, known for his depictions of Hawaii. David Howard Hitchcock was born May 15, 1861 in Hilo, Hawaii. Since his father was also named David Howard Hitchcock (1831–1899), he generally went by D. Howard Hitchcock. His mother was Almeda Eliza Widger (1828–1895). His paternal grandparents were missionaries Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855) and Rebecca Howard (1808–1890). His father was a lawyer who served in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and his sister Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (1863–1895) was the first","psg_id":"10203642"},{"title":"Tom Hitchcock","text":"Tom Hitchcock Thomas Joseph Hitchcock (born 1 October 1992) is an English amateur (and former professional) footballer who plays as a forward for Harlow Town. Hitchcock progressed through the youth system at Blackburn Rovers academy after officially joining in 2007, after being recommended by his father Kevin Hitchcock who was then goalkeeping coach at the club. He made his breakthrough into the Blackburn Rovers reserve team in 2009, scoring his first goal that year. On 19 July 2011, following a successful pre-season trial, Hitchcock joined then League Two side Plymouth Argyle on an initial three-month loan, eventually making 10 appearances","psg_id":"15759242"},{"title":"Hitchcock Ranch, California","text":"Hitchcock Ranch, California Hitchcock Ranch is a former settlement in El Dorado County, California. It was located southeast of Salmon Falls. Was also known as Green Springs Ranch, California HITCHCOCK RANCH: This post office was established on Oct.9, 1860, with William Dormody serving as its first postmaster. The Hitchcock Ranch was settled in 1848 and had become a supply center for the local miners. Service at the Hitchcock Ranch Post Office was discontinued on Sep. 12, 1865 when its name was changed to the Green Valley Post Office. Green Valley, El Dorado County, California A post office operated at Hitchcock","psg_id":"13358141"},{"title":"D. Howard Hitchcock","text":"and the Oakland Museum of California are among the public collections holding paintings by David Howard Hitchcock. Hitchcock is called the first homegrown artist in Hawaii with international recognition. The auction record for a painting by David Howard Hitchcock is $82,250. This record was set by \"Windward Oahu, Hawaii\", a 12 by 18 inch oil painting on canvas sold May 19, 2006 at Skinner Inc. (Boston). Painting of Pele D. Howard Hitchcock David Howard Hitchcock (May 15, 1861 – January 1, 1943) was an American painter of the Volcano School, known for his depictions of Hawaii. David Howard Hitchcock was","psg_id":"10203651"},{"title":"Henry Hitchcock","text":"eventually arriving in Mobile on January 22, 1816, after a brief stay in Natchez. On May 14, 1818, six months after the creation of the Alabama Territory, Hitchcock was appointed its first secretary by Governor William Wyatt Bibb. He also participated in the writing of Alabama's first constitution, representing Washington County in the constitutional convention in Huntsville on July 5, 1819. Hitchcock was elected as the State's first Attorney General by the General Assembly in December 1819. Hitchcock then had the distinction of producing the first book printed in the State of Alabama entitled, \"The Alabama Juctice of the Peace,","psg_id":"4978750"},{"title":"Orra White Hitchcock","text":"Hitchcock Papers\" and copies of all of Edward Hitchcock's scientific publications. The Mead Art Museum at Amherst College held the first major retrospective exhibition of her work in 2011, \"Orra White Hitchcock (1796-1863): An Amherst Woman of Art and Science,\" with a catalogue. Orra White Hitchcock Orra White Hitchcock (March 8, 1796 – May 26, 1863) was one of America's earliest women botanical and scientific illustrators and artists, best known for illustrating the scientific works of her husband, geologist Edward Hitchcock (1793–1864), but also notable for her own artistic and scientific work. Hitchcock was born to a prosperous farming family","psg_id":"16292490"},{"title":"Cameron Hitchcock","text":"20 goals. He won Port Adelaide's best first year player award. He was upgraded to the main list for the 2011 season. Hitchcock was delisted at the end of the 2014 season, after a string of shoulder, hamstring and foot injuries derailed his career. In 2016, Hitchcock played for the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club South Adelaide, and was selected in the 2016 West End SANFL State Team. Cameron Hitchcock Cameron Hitchcock (born 3 July 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Cameron","psg_id":"14291049"},{"title":"Samuel Hitchcock","text":"children who lived to adulthood included Lorraine Allen Hitchcock, Henry Hitchcock, Mary Anne Hitchcock, Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Caroline P. Hitchcock, and Samuel Hitchcock. Samuel Hitchcock Samuel Hitchcock (March 23, 1755 – November 30, 1813) was an attorney and judge in Vermont. He was the son-in-law of Ethan Allen, and the father of Ethan Allen Hitchcock. Samuel Hitchcock, the son of Noah and Mary Hitchcock, was born in Brimfield, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard College in 1777. He studied law with Jedediah Foster in West Brookfield, Massachusetts, attained admission to the bar, and practiced in Worcester, Massachusetts. He moved to Manchester,","psg_id":"12978670"},{"title":"Hitchcock/Truffaut (film)","text":"Hitchcock/Truffaut (film) Hitchcock/Truffaut is a 2015 French-American documentary film directed by Kent Jones about François Truffaut's book on Alfred Hitchcock, \"Hitchcock/Truffaut\", and its impact on cinema. Truffaut interviewed Hitchcock over eight days in 1962 at his offices at Universal Studios to write his book, and the documentary features reflections from directors including James Gray, Martin Scorsese, Paul Schrader, Wes Anderson, David Fincher, Arnaud Desplechin, and Olivier Assayas. It was first screened at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival and was shown in the TIFF Docs section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. \"Hitchcock/Truffaut\" received critical acclaim. On Rotten Tomatoes, the","psg_id":"18965481"},{"title":"Henry Hitchcock","text":"son, Ethan Hitcocock, served as United States Secretary of the Interior under William McKinley. Another son, Henry Hitchcock, was a prominent attorney in St. Louis, Missouri. Henry Hitchcock attended Middlebury College for a while and then graduated from the University of Vermont in 1811. While studying law, he cultivated a small farm in order to provide for the needs of his family. He became a member of the bar in 1815 and handled several important lawsuits before leaving Burlington for the lure of what was then called the Southwest. He traveled by flat boat down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers,","psg_id":"4978749"},{"title":"Hitchcock Ranch, California","text":"Ranch from 1860 and 1865, when it was transferred to Green Valley. Hitchcock Ranch, California Hitchcock Ranch is a former settlement in El Dorado County, California. It was located southeast of Salmon Falls. Was also known as Green Springs Ranch, California HITCHCOCK RANCH: This post office was established on Oct.9, 1860, with William Dormody serving as its first postmaster. The Hitchcock Ranch was settled in 1848 and had become a supply center for the local miners. Service at the Hitchcock Ranch Post Office was discontinued on Sep. 12, 1865 when its name was changed to the Green Valley Post Office.","psg_id":"13358142"},{"title":"Billy Hitchcock","text":"the Braves, whose general manager at the time was former Tiger player and executive John McHale. Hitchcock began the season as a coach for the Atlanta Braves under Bobby Bragan during the club's first season in Atlanta. But when the Braves won only 52 of their first 111 games, Bragan was fired on August 9 and Hitchcock took over. The Braves won 33 of their last 51 games to finish fifth in the National League, and Hitchcock was invited back for , but he was fired September 28 of that year with the team in seventh place and three games","psg_id":"6073979"},{"title":"Robyn Hitchcock","text":"In 2001 Hitchcock reunited and toured with Kimberley Rew, bassist Matthew Seligman, and Morris Windsor for the Soft Boys' re-release of their best-known album, 1980's \"Underwater Moonlight\". The following year they recorded and released a new album, \"Nextdoorland\", which was accompanied by a short album of outtakes, \"Side Three\". The reunion proved to be short-lived. The 2002 double album \"Robyn Sings\" comprised cover versions of Bob Dylan songs, including a live re-creation (performed in 1996) of Dylan's so-called \"Live at the Royal Albert Hall\" 1966 concert. Hitchcock celebrated his 50th birthday in 2003 with a concert at the Queen Elizabeth","psg_id":"3743557"},{"title":"Billy Hitchcock","text":"Hitchcock also made a name for himself in college football and golf. As an All-Conference tailback, he led Auburn to its first bowl game (a 7-7 tie against Villanova on January 1, 1937). Later in life, he established the Billy Hitchcock Golf Tournament at his alma mater. In recognition of his contribution to the school, Auburn renamed its renovated baseball stadium \"Hitchcock Field\" in 2003. Also in that year, \"Baseball America\" named it the best college baseball facility in the country. Hitchcock died in Opelika, Alabama at age 89. He was a charter member and elder at Trinity Presbyterian Church,","psg_id":"6073981"},{"title":"Jeremy Hitchcock","text":"Upon graduating, Hitchcock moved the company to Manchester, New Hampshire, where it is still headquartered. As CEO, he funded the company until 2012 when it finally took its first round of outside capital – $38 million from North Bridge Venture Partners. The company raised $100M total outside funding. Hitchcock is an active angel investor and is currently Founder and CEO of wifi management and IoT security startup, Minim, based in Manchester, NH Jeremy Hitchcock Jeremy Hitchcock (born September 11, 1981) is co-founder and former CEO of Dyn. Hitchcock resigned from the business in May 2016 prior to the Oracle acquisition,","psg_id":"17464166"},{"title":"Russell Hitchcock (album)","text":"from the album \"Super Exitos\" (1991) and \"Is It You\" with Rita Coolidge (1995). Also of note is the track \"The River Cried\", which would also be featured on the debut solo album of former Scandal vocalist/songwriter Patty Smyth (the version heard here is 12 seconds shorter), and this album also featured his version of \"What Becomes of the Brokenhearted\". Russell Hitchcock (album) Russell Hitchcock is the self-titled debut album by Russell Hitchcock, best known as the lead singer of Air Supply, released in 1988. The album didn't reach the charts, though singles \"Someone Who Believes in You\", \"I Can't","psg_id":"11896840"},{"title":"Carol Hitchcock","text":"(March 1987). The recording featured Paul McCartney, Kate Bush and Bananarama. The final episode of \"Countdown\" aired on 19 July; the compère, Molly Meldrum, interviewed Hitchcock. Her music video for \"Get Ready\" was also broadcast. In August of that year Hitchcock anticipated working on her second single with Stock, Aitken, Waterman, \"I'll just wait to see what happens after this next single. They seem to like me, they've said I'm easy to get along with, and there is talk about an album.\" In March 1988 Wellham contrasted Hitchcock's music video for her single with Kylie Minogue's \"I Should Be So","psg_id":"6046708"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"Hitchcock had intended to film \"Marnie\" first, and in March 1962 it was announced that Grace Kelly, Princess Grace of Monaco since 1956, would come out of retirement to star in it. When Kelly asked Hitchcock to postpone \"Marnie\" until 1963 or 1964, he recruited Evan Hunter, author of \"The Blackboard Jungle\" (1954), to develop a screenplay based on a Daphne du Maurier short story, \"The Birds\" (1952), which Hitchcock had republished in his \"My Favorites in Suspense\" (1959). He hired Tippi Hedren to play the lead role. It was her first role; she had been a model in New","psg_id":"3657"},{"title":"Stereophonic sound","text":"of the first stereo cable stations was The Movie Channel, though the most popular cable TV station that drove up usage of stereo simulcasting was MTV. Japanese television began multiplex (stereo) sound broadcasts in 1978, and regular transmissions with stereo sound came in 1982. By 1984, about 12% of the programming, or about 14 or 15 hours per station per week, made use of the multiplex technology. West Germany's second television network, ZDF, began offering stereo programs in 1984. In 1979, \"The New York Times\" reported, \"What has prompted the [television] industry to embark on establishing high-fidelity [sound] standards now,","psg_id":"4403310"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock filmography","text":"1980, Hitchcock received a knighthood. Alfred Hitchcock filmography Alfred Hitchcock (1899–1980) was an English filmmaker and director. Popularly known as the \"Master of Suspense\" for his use of innovative film techniques in thrillers, Hitchcock started his career in the British film industry as a title designer and art director for a number of silent films during the early 1920s, most of which are now lost. His directorial debut was the 1925 release \"The Pleasure Garden\". Hitchcock followed this with \"\", his first commercial and critical success. It featured many of the thematic elements his films would be known for such","psg_id":"8566458"},{"title":"Almeda Eliza Hitchcock","text":"Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (December 5, 1863 – May 9, 1895) was the first female lawyer and notary public in the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1888. Almeda Eliza Hitchcock was born on December 5, 1863, in Hilo, on the island of Hawaii, into a missionary family. Her paternal grandparents Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855) and Rebecca Howard (1808–1890) were American Protestant missionaries who settled in the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1832. Her parents were David Howard Hitchcock (1831–1899), a lawyer and legislator in the legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii, and Almeda Eliza Widger (1828–1895). Her older brother","psg_id":"20861299"},{"title":"Jane Stanton Hitchcock","text":"the sixth season of \"American Greed\" which included interviews with Hitchcock detailing how she pursued Starr until his conviction was secured. Jane Stanton Hitchcock Jane Stanton Hitchcock (born November 24, 1946) is an American author, playwright, and screenwriter. She has written several plays but is known mostly for her mystery novels \"Mortal Friends\", \"One Dangerous Lady\", \"Social Crimes\", \"The Witches' Hammer\" and \"Trick of the Eye\". Hitchcock also wrote the screenplays for \"Our Time\" and \"First Love\". Hitchcock was born Jane Johnston Crowley on , to Robert Crowley, a surgeon, and Joan Crowley (known professionally as Joan Alexander), an actress","psg_id":"20452205"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock filmography","text":"the host of the anthology television series \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\" which he also produced. In 1958, Hitchcock directed the psychological thriller \"Vertigo\" starring Stewart and Kim Novak. The film topped the 2012 poll of the British film magazine \"Sight & Sound\" of the 50 Greatest Films of All Time and also topped the American Film Institute's Top Ten in the mystery genre. He followed this with the spy thriller \"North by Northwest\" (1959) which starred Grant and Eva Marie Saint. In 1960, he directed \"Psycho\", the biggest commercial success of his career and for which he received his fifth nomination","psg_id":"8566456"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock Presents","text":"\"How do you do, boys and girls. I’m delighted to find that you believe in ghosts, too. After all, they believe in you, so it is only common courtesy to return the favor.\" Hitchcock introduces each of the stories, all the while recounting a droll story of his own failed attempts to deal with a leaky faucet (which at the conclusion of the album leads to Hitchcock \"drowning\" in his flooded home). The ghost stories themselves, accompanied by minimal sound effects and music, are told by actor John Allen, four of which he wrote himself, and two of which are","psg_id":"1842353"},{"title":"Sailor Moon S: The Movie","text":"Sailor Moon S: The Movie Sailor Moon S: The Movie, known in Japan as and Sailor Moon S the Movie: Hearts in Ice in the Pioneer English adaptation, is a 1994 Japanese anime fantasy film directed by Hiroki Shibata and written by Sukehiro Tomita. It is the second film in the \"Sailor Moon\" series. The film is adapted from a side story of the original manga series created by Naoko Takeuchi, \"The Lover of Princess Kaguya\". The storyline is loosely based on \"The Snow Queen\" fairytale by Hans Christen Andersen. The film was released on December 4, 1994 in Japan","psg_id":"7581274"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock Presents","text":"briefly detail how fate (or the authorities) eventually brought the character to justice. Hitchcock told \"TV Guide\" that his reassurances that the criminal had been apprehended were \"a necessary gesture to morality.\" \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\" finished at number 6 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1956–57 season, number 12 in 1957–58, number 24 in 1958–59, and number 25 in 1959–60. The series was originally 25 minutes per episode, but it was expanded to 50 minutes in 1962 and retitled \"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\". Hitchcock directed 17 of the 267 filmed episodes of \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\"—four during the first season and","psg_id":"1842344"},{"title":"Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)","text":"first Ambassador accredited from the United States to the court of Russia. He was recalled in 1898 to serve in first McKinley's and then his successor, Roosevelt's, Cabinet. As Secretary of the Interior, Hitchcock pursued a vigorous program for the conservation of natural resources and reorganized the administration of Native American affairs. Hitchcock died April 9, 1909, in Washington, D.C., at the age of 73. Hitchcock was buried at the Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri. Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior) Ethan Allen Hitchcock (September 19, 1835 – April 9, 1909) served under Presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt as U.S.","psg_id":"4360010"},{"title":"Robyn Hitchcock","text":"performing it live with the Egyptians. At the beginning of 1990, Hitchcock took a break from the Egyptians and A&M Records to release another solo acoustic album, \"Eye\", then resumed with the band's \"Perspex Island\" release in 1991. 1993's \"Respect\", influenced a great deal by his father's death, marked the last Egyptians release and the end of his association with A&M Records. Early in 1994, after disbanding the Egyptians, Hitchcock embarked on a short reunion tour with the Soft Boys. His work received a slight boost in 1995 when his back catalogue (including both solo releases and Egyptians albums) were","psg_id":"3743554"},{"title":"Margaret Hitchcock","text":"Wellington. In 1946 she was awarded an MBE for her military nursing service. Hitchcock died in Palmerston North on 13 March, 1967. During her time in Europe, Hitchcock received several items of trench art and rehabilitative art from soldiers she nursed, and some of these were later donated to Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. Margaret Hitchcock Margaret (Daisy) Hitchcock (1883 - 13 March, 1967) was a nurse from New Zealand who served in France in World War I. Hitchcock was born in 1883 to Maria and Henry Hitchcock of Wellington. Hitchcock trained as a nurse in Wellington, passing","psg_id":"20709213"},{"title":"Hitchcock, Texas","text":"REQUIRED. Hitchcock ISD received a warning for LOW ACCOUNTABILITY marks in 2011 and 2013. Our Lady of Lourdes School, a Roman Catholic elementary school operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston, is in Hitchcock. All of Hitchcock is served by the College of the Mainland. The Genevieve Miller Hitchcock Public Library was established in 2015. Hitchcock, Texas Hitchcock is a city in Galveston County, Texas, United States. The population was 6,961 at the 2010 census. Hitchcock was created as a station of the railroad between Galveston and Houston in 1873 and around the turn of the 20th century became","psg_id":"1233365"},{"title":"Karen R. Hitchcock","text":"founded and run by one of Hitchcock's faculty members at SUNY Albany, Alan S. Chartock. This program was paid for by the SUNY Albany Foundation, using gifts intended for the students and faculty of the university, until Dr. Hitchcock's abrupt departure from that campus. For some time afterward, her participation in the program was paid for by Queen's University. Chartock, a vocal political opponent of then-Governor George Pataki, delivered a number of print and broadcast defenses of Hitchcock, in which Chartock failed to mention his financial reliance on her patronage. Hitchcock became the Principal of Queen's University in July, 2004.","psg_id":"5208290"},{"title":"Harvey Rexford Hitchcock","text":"(1861–1943) who was a painter. David Howard Hitchcock Sr. was a lawyer who served in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and partnered with his daughter Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (1863–1895) who was the first woman lawyer in Hawaii. He died December 12, 1899. Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr. (generally known as H. Rexford Hitchcock) was born in 1835 and published a dictionary of the Hawaiian language while principal of Lahainaluna School, in an effort to teach Hawaiians the English language. He married Alice Field Hardy (1854–1895) on May 30, 1877, was elected to the House of Representatives of the Kingdom","psg_id":"14278440"},{"title":"Margaret Hitchcock","text":"Margaret Hitchcock Margaret (Daisy) Hitchcock (1883 - 13 March, 1967) was a nurse from New Zealand who served in France in World War I. Hitchcock was born in 1883 to Maria and Henry Hitchcock of Wellington. Hitchcock trained as a nurse in Wellington, passing her nursing registration exam in 1909. In 1910 Hitchcock travelled with her friend Lily Lind to Ireland to study midwifery at Dublin’s Rotunda Hospital. At the time World War I broke out, the two women were living and working in London as private nurses. Hitchcock and Lind volunteered their services to the newly formed French Flag","psg_id":"20709208"},{"title":"Pat Hitchcock","text":"Fog: Alfred Hitchcock's San Francisco\" by Jeff Kraft and Aaron Leventhal, which was published in 2002. In 2003, she published \"Alma Hitchcock: The Woman Behind the Man\", co-written with Laurent Bouzereau. Pat Hitchcock Patricia Alma O'Connell (née Hitchcock; born 7 July 1928), commonly known as Pat Hitchcock, is an English actress and producer. She is the only child of English director Alfred Hitchcock and Alma Reville, and had small roles in several of his films, starting with \"Stage Fright\" (1950). Hitchcock was born in London in 1928, the only child of film director Alfred Hitchcock and film editor Alma Reville.","psg_id":"1707567"},{"title":"Daniel Hitchcock","text":"Ebenezer and Mary Hitchcock. In 1761, Hitchcock graduated from Yale University, and he went on to practice law in Northampton, Massachusetts. Hitchcock moved to Providence, Rhode Island in 1771. Hitchcock was thought by authorities to be affiliated with the \"Gaspée Affair\", a sinking of a British ship and a lead up to the American Revolutionary War. Hitchcock, along with other lawyers, were forced to testify in front of the Rhode Island Court. Hitchcock, however, denied any involvement in the \"Affair\". In June 1775, Hitchcock authorized the Providence County Regiment, which was organized as eight companies of volunteers from Providence County","psg_id":"16171795"},{"title":"Robyn Hitchcock (1995 album)","text":"Robyn Hitchcock (1995 album) Robyn Hitchcock was the first official collection of pre-released Robyn Hitchcock material, issued in 1995 by Sequel Records. This little-noted compilation was worthy of particular attention, being the only Hitchcock album to include the studio recording \"Statue With a Walkman\", a humorous depiction of a haemoglobin-counting figure found resting at the bottom of a garden. (Hitchcock would re-write the song with new sections, for the \"Storefront Hitchcock\" project a few years later.). This recording ended up on Shadow Cat in slightly edited form in 2008 (shortened by 63 seconds), making this compilation much less desirable. The","psg_id":"10229490"},{"title":"Edward Hitchcock","text":"1864. In 1845, Hitchcock became President of the College, a post he held until 1854. As president, Hitchcock was responsible for Amherst's recovery from severe financial difficulties. He is also credited with developing the college's scientific resources and establishing its reputation for scientific teaching. In addition to his positions at Amherst, Hitchcock was a well-known early geologist. He ran the first geological survey of Massachusetts, and in 1830 was appointed state geologist of Massachusetts (he held the post until 1844). He also played a role in the geological surveys of New York and Vermont. His chief project, however, was natural","psg_id":"3444104"},{"title":"Robyn Hitchcock","text":"re-packaged and re-issued in the United States by the respected Rhino Records label. For the rest of the decade he continued recording and performing as a solo artist, releasing several albums on Warner Brothers Records, such as 1996's \"Moss Elixir\" (which featured the contributions of violinist Deni Bonet and guitarist Tim Keegan), and the soundtrack from the Jonathan Demme-directed concert film \"Storefront Hitchcock\" in 1998. The 1999 release \"Jewels for Sophia\", also on Warner, featured cameos from Southern California-based musicians Jon Brion and Grant-Lee Phillips, both of whom often shared the stage with Hitchcock when he played Los Angeles nightclub","psg_id":"3743555"},{"title":"Edward Hitchcock","text":"Randy Moore described Hitchcock as \"America's leading advocate of catastrophism-based gap creationism.\" Hitchcock left his mark in paleontology. He discovered some of the first fossil fishes in the United States. He published papers on fossilized tracks in the Connecticut Valley, including Eubrontes and Otozoum, that were later associated with dinosaurs, though he believed, with a certain prescience, that they were made by gigantic ancient birds. In the Hitchcock Ichnological Cabinet he established a remarkable collection of fossil footmarks. His son, Edward \"Doc\" Hitchcock, named one of the earliest dinosaurs discovered in North America and the United States, \"Megadactylus polyzelus\". Later","psg_id":"3444106"},{"title":"Ken Hitchcock","text":"Manager Bobby Clarke stepped down. On November 1, 2006, the Flyers assigned Hitchcock to be a pro scout for the club. On November 22, 2006, Hitchcock and the Columbus Blue Jackets agreed to a three-year contract to become their new head coach. He coached his first game for the Blue Jackets on November 24 against his former team, the Philadelphia Flyers, a game Columbus lost, 3–2. On July 9, 2008, the Blue Jackets announced that they had signed Hitchcock to a three-year extension to remain as their head coach. On February 19, 2009, the Blue Jackets earned Hitchcock his 500th","psg_id":"3103664"},{"title":"Hitchcock (film)","text":"film's premiere, Hitchcock first views the audience from the projection booth, looking out through its small window at them. Hitchcock then waits in the lobby for the audience's reaction, conducting slashing motions to their reactions as they scream on cue. The film is rewarded with an enthusiastic reception. With the film's screening so well received, Hitchcock publicly thanks his wife for helping make it possible and they affirm their love and partnership. At the conclusion at his home, Hitchcock addresses the audience noting \"Psycho\" proved a major high point of his career and he is currently pondering his next project.","psg_id":"16797758"},{"title":"Tom Hitchcock","text":"for the club before returning to his parent club. On 2 February 2012, Hitchcock became a free agent following the mutual cancellation of his contract with Blackburn. On 4 March 2012 Hitchcock signed a one-year deal with Queens Park Rangers. On 17 August 2013, Hitchcock made his debut for the club as an 83rd substitute for Bobby Zamora, scoring a 90th minute winner in a 1-0 win over Ipswich Town. Following limited first team opportunities, Hitchcock signed on loan for League One side Crewe Alexandra. He went on to make 6 appearances for the club, scoring 3 goals. On 10","psg_id":"15759243"},{"title":"Frank Harris Hitchcock","text":"his time at Harvard he met Theodore Roosevelt at the Audubon Society, both sharing a passion for the study of birds. Hitchcock credited Roosevelt for his success at the national level: From 1897 to 1905 Hitchcock served in the departments of Agriculture and Commerce. From 1905-08, he was assistant postmaster general.\" Frank Harris Hitchcock Frank Harris Hitchcock (October 5, 1867 – August 25, 1935), was chairman of Republican National Committee from 1908 to 1909. He was then Postmaster General of the United States under President William Howard Taft from 1909 to 1913. He is credited with establishing the first U.S.","psg_id":"5293672"},{"title":"Charles Henry Hitchcock","text":"He used the tetrahedral hypothesis which had been first published in 1875 by William Lowthian Green to explain the formation of the Earth's land masses. His distant cousin was Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), who was an early missionary to Hawaii. This led to a publication of a book the volcanoes of Hawaii. Hitchcock was a founder of the Geological Society of America, and in 1883 vice-president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He left a collection of botanical specimens to the University of North Carolina Herbarium. Charles Henry Hitchcock Charles Henry Hitchcock (August 23, 1836 – November","psg_id":"14792877"},{"title":"Peter Hitchcock","text":"reorganization of the judicial tribunals of the state, and still continued to discharge his duties on the bench. He was called the \"Father of the constitution of 1851.\" One of the debates was over granting the power of the veto to the governor. As a good Whig, Judge Peter Hitchcock opposed it: The convention did not give the governor the veto in the new constitution. Peter Hitchcock was the uncle of Seabury Ford, the first Ohio governor from the Western Reserve. Peter Hitchcock died in Painesville, Ohio, while stopped at the home of his eldest son on his way home","psg_id":"7863345"},{"title":"Samuel Hitchcock","text":"1787 to 1790, when he became the first Attorney General of Vermont, serving from 1790 to 1793. He served simultaneously, from 1789 to 1793, as a member of the Vermont House of Representatives. Hitchcock also served as a Justice of the Peace and heard cases in Burlington. In 1791, Hitchcock was a delegate to the Vermont convention which ratified the United States Constitution and enabled Vermont to join the Union as the 14th state. Hitchcock drafted the charter for the University of Vermont, was an original member of its board of trustees, and was the longtime secretary of the board.","psg_id":"12978667"},{"title":"Hitchcock (film)","text":"the film, his last with Paramount. However, the pressures of the production, such as dealing with Geoffrey Shurlock of the Motion Picture Production Code, and Hitchcock's lecherous habits, such as when they confer with the female lead, Janet Leigh, annoy Alma. She begins a personal writing collaboration with Whitfield Cook on his screenplay at his beach house without Hitchcock's knowledge. Hitchcock eventually discovers what she has been doing and suspects her of having an affair. This concern affects Hitchcock's work on \"Psycho\". Hitchcock eventually confronts Alma and asks her if she is having an affair. Alma angrily denies it. Alma","psg_id":"16797755"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock filmography","text":"Alfred Hitchcock filmography Alfred Hitchcock (1899–1980) was an English filmmaker and director. Popularly known as the \"Master of Suspense\" for his use of innovative film techniques in thrillers, Hitchcock started his career in the British film industry as a title designer and art director for a number of silent films during the early 1920s, most of which are now lost. His directorial debut was the 1925 release \"The Pleasure Garden\". Hitchcock followed this with \"\", his first commercial and critical success. It featured many of the thematic elements his films would be known for such as an innocent man on","psg_id":"8566452"},{"title":"George Hitchcock (poet)","text":"Christine Neilson in 2009. George Hitchcock (poet) George Parks Hitchcock (June 2, 1914 – August 27, 2010) was an American actor, poet, playwright, teacher, labor activist, publisher, and painter. He is best known for creating \"Kayak\", a poetry magazine that he published as a one-man operation from 1964 to 1984. Equally important, Hitchcock published writers under the \"Kayak\" imprint including the first two books by Charles Simic, second books by Philip Levine and Raymond Carver, translations by W.S. Merwin, and early books by Robert Bly and James Tate. Hitchcock was born in Hood River, Oregon, graduating in 1935 from the","psg_id":"14884858"},{"title":"George Hitchcock (poet)","text":"George Hitchcock (poet) George Parks Hitchcock (June 2, 1914 – August 27, 2010) was an American actor, poet, playwright, teacher, labor activist, publisher, and painter. He is best known for creating \"Kayak\", a poetry magazine that he published as a one-man operation from 1964 to 1984. Equally important, Hitchcock published writers under the \"Kayak\" imprint including the first two books by Charles Simic, second books by Philip Levine and Raymond Carver, translations by W.S. Merwin, and early books by Robert Bly and James Tate. Hitchcock was born in Hood River, Oregon, graduating in 1935 from the University of Oregon, where","psg_id":"14884851"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"the light makes sure that the audience's attention is on the glass. Grant's character is a killer in the book on which the film was based, \"Before the Fact\" by Francis Iles, but the studio felt that Grant's image would be tarnished by that. Hitchcock therefore settled for an ambiguous finale, although, as he told François Truffaut, he would have preferred to end with the wife's murder. Fontaine won Best Actress for her performance. \"Saboteur\" (1942) is the first of two films that Hitchcock made for Universal during the decade. Hitchcock was forced by Universal Studios to use Universal contract","psg_id":"3629"},{"title":"Cameron Hitchcock","text":"Cameron Hitchcock Cameron Hitchcock (born 3 July 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Cameron was born on the Eyre Peninsula in the little country town of Elliston, South Australia, and lived there before moving to Adelaide with his family and attended Sacred Heart College, Adelaide. He made his debut for Port in the opening round of the 2010 NAB Cup, impressing with his pace and goal sense. In his first season, Hitchcock was elevated onto the senior list and played in 17 games, kicking","psg_id":"14291048"},{"title":"Gilbert Hitchcock","text":"moved to Washington, D.C., where he died on February 3, 1934. He was interred in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Omaha. Gilbert M. Hitchcock Elementary School and Hitchcock Park in Omaha were named in his honor. The newspaper was then led by his son-in-law Henry Doorly, husband of Hitchcock's daughter Margaret. Gilbert Hitchcock Gilbert Monell Hitchcock (September 18, 1859February 3, 1934) was an American congressman and U.S. Senator from Nebraska, and the founder of the \"Omaha World-Herald\" newspaper. Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Hitchcock was the son of U.S. Senator Phineas Warren Hitchcock of Nebraska. He attended the public schools of","psg_id":"6879351"},{"title":"Pat Hitchcock","text":"Pat Hitchcock Patricia Alma O'Connell (née Hitchcock; born 7 July 1928), commonly known as Pat Hitchcock, is an English actress and producer. She is the only child of English director Alfred Hitchcock and Alma Reville, and had small roles in several of his films, starting with \"Stage Fright\" (1950). Hitchcock was born in London in 1928, the only child of film director Alfred Hitchcock and film editor Alma Reville. The family moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1939. Once there, Hitchcock's father soon made his mark in Hollywood. As a child, Hitchcock knew she wanted to be an actress. In","psg_id":"1707561"},{"title":"Lambert Hitchcock","text":"while fishing on the Farmington River. He wrote a biography, \"The Hitchcock Chair\", and started a new Hitchcock Chair Company in the same location. That business lasted until 2006, when it was forced to close due to competition from low-cost overseas furniture manufacturers. In the spring of 2010, Rick Swenson and his business partner, Gary Hath, purchased the Hitchcock name, plans, and artwork. Their goal is to continue the Hitchcock legacy, bringing Hitchcock furniture into the 21st century while maintaining the quality and integrity of Lambert Hitchcock's original dream. Lambert Hitchcock Lambert Hitchcock (May 28, 1795, Cheshire, Connecticut – 1852)","psg_id":"10330591"},{"title":"Stereophonic sound","text":"year later, MGM started using three tracks instead of one to record the musical selections of movie soundtracks, and very quickly upgraded to four. One track was used for dialogue, two for music, and one for sound effects. The purpose for this form of multitrack recording was to make mixing down to a single optical track easier and was not intended to be a recording for stereophonic purposes. The very first two-track recording MGM made (although released in mono) was \"It Never Rains But What It Pours\" by Judy Garland, recorded on June 21, 1938, for the movie \"Love Finds","psg_id":"4403264"},{"title":"Ken Hitchcock","text":"On April 13, 2017, Hitchcock was named as the head coach of the Dallas Stars for the second time. On December 21, Hitchcock earned his 800th win as NHL head coach when the Stars defeated the Blackhawks 4–0. On April 13, 2018, Hitchcock announced his retirement. On November 20, 2018, Hitchcock came out of retirement and was named head coach of the Edmonton Oilers after Todd McLellan was relieved of his duties. Ken Hitchcock Ken Hitchcock (born December 17, 1951) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach. He is the head coach for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey","psg_id":"3103668"},{"title":"Alfred Hitchcock","text":"Hitchcock with his five-bedroom Victorian house on Campion Road, Putney, complete with maid, cook, chauffeur and gardener. Every summer John rented a seaside house for the family in Cliftonville, Kent. Hitchcock said that he first became class-conscious there, noticing the differences between tourists and locals. Describing himself as a well-behaved boy—his father called him his \"little lamb without a spot\"—Hitchcock said he could not remember ever having had a playmate. One of his favourite stories for interviewers was about his father sending him to the local police station with a note when he was five; the policeman looked at the","psg_id":"3601"},{"title":"Jane Stanton Hitchcock","text":"Jane Stanton Hitchcock Jane Stanton Hitchcock (born November 24, 1946) is an American author, playwright, and screenwriter. She has written several plays but is known mostly for her mystery novels \"Mortal Friends\", \"One Dangerous Lady\", \"Social Crimes\", \"The Witches' Hammer\" and \"Trick of the Eye\". Hitchcock also wrote the screenplays for \"Our Time\" and \"First Love\". Hitchcock was born Jane Johnston Crowley on , to Robert Crowley, a surgeon, and Joan Crowley (known professionally as Joan Alexander), an actress known for playing Lois Lane on the radio serial \"The Adventures of Superman,\" and Della Street on the radio serial \"Perry","psg_id":"20452194"},{"title":"D. Howard Hitchcock","text":"woman lawyer in Hawaii. His uncle Edward Griffin Hitchcock (1837–1898) married Mary Tenney Castle, daughter of Castle & Cooke founder Samuel Northrup Castle. His cousin once removed (Edward Griffin's grandson) was football player Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr.. After graduating from Punahou School, Hitchcock attended Oberlin College in Ohio, where he saw his first art exhibition. Back in Hawaii, he wandered the volcano wilderness with a sketch pad and watercolors. French artist Jules Tavernier, painting in Hawaii, saw Hitchcock's sketches and convinced him to study art seriously. After Tavernier's death in 1889 Hitchcock studied painting at the National Academy of Design","psg_id":"10203643"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"A. S. Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"from the Smithsonian. A. S. Hitchcock Albert Spear Hitchcock (September 4, 1865 – December 16, 1935) was an American botanist and agrostologist. Hitchcock graduated from the Iowa Agricultural College with bachelor's degree in 1884 and M.S. in 1886. From 1892 to 1901 he was a professor of botany at the Kansas Agricultural College. Hitchcock joined the USDA in 1901 as Assistant Agrostologist under Frank Lamson-Scribner. In 1905 he was put in charge of the grass herbarium and became Systematic Agrostologist. After 1928, he held the title of Principal Biologist in charge of Systematic Agrostology of the Department of Agriculture and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9620537\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A. S. Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"A. S. Hitchcock Albert Spear Hitchcock (September 4, 1865 – December 16, 1935) was an American botanist and agrostologist. Hitchcock graduated from the Iowa Agricultural College with bachelor's degree in 1884 and M.S. in 1886. From 1892 to 1901 he was a professor of botany at the Kansas Agricultural College. Hitchcock joined the USDA in 1901 as Assistant Agrostologist under Frank Lamson-Scribner. In 1905 he was put in charge of the grass herbarium and became Systematic Agrostologist. After 1928, he held the title of Principal Biologist in charge of Systematic Agrostology of the Department of Agriculture and kept that title\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9620535\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\",\n \"text\": \"Pictures UK has released the first three seasons on DVD, and Fabulous Films has released all seven seasons on DVD, including all three seasons of \\\"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\\\". In Region 4, Madman Entertainment has released all seven seasons on DVD in Australia. They have also released all three seasons of \\\"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\\\". In 1985, NBC aired a new TV movie pilot based upon the series, combining four newly filmed stories with colorized footage of Hitchcock from the original series to introduce each segment. The movie was a huge ratings success. The \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\" revival series debuted\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1842351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"as he reads a book on the London Underground. In the PBS series \\\"The Men Who Made The Movies\\\", Hitchcock explained how he used early sound recording as a special element of the film, stressing the word \\\"knife\\\" in a conversation with the woman suspected of murder. During this period, Hitchcock directed segments for a BIP revue, \\\"Elstree Calling\\\" (1930), and directed a short film, \\\"An Elastic Affair\\\" (1930), featuring two \\\"Film Weekly\\\" scholarship winners. \\\"An Elastic Affair\\\" is one of the lost films. In 1933 Hitchcock was once again working for Michael Balcon at Gaumont British. His first film\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3619\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Edward Hitchcock Jr.\",\n \"text\": \"medicine from the Harvard Medical School. The same year, after receiving his doctorate, he married Mary Judson. They had ten children; three of whom died in infancy. Hitchcock Jr. returned to Amherst College in 1861 as professor of Hygiene and Physical Education. Hitchcock Jr. was the first ever physical educator. Colleges had hired physical educators since the early 1820s, but Edward Hitchcock Jr. is generally credited with being the first formal physical educator at the collegiate level. He believed in the importance of sound physical health for college students, so that the mind could accomplish its best work and students\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15452550\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"A. S. Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"until his death in 1935. In 1912 he became Custodian of Grasses, Division of Plants, United States National Museum. Hitchcock remained Custodian without remuneration until his death. His field notebooks are archived in the Smithsonian Institution. He was a professor of botany in the Kansas State Agricultural College and authored over 250 works during his lifetime. The Hitchcock-Chase Collection consists of 2,707 drawings (mostly ink, but some pencil) of grasses, representing hundreds of genera, that were assembled by the Smithsonian Institution agrostologists Albert Spear Hitchcock (1865–1935) and Mary Agnes Chase (1869–1963). The collection is on indefinite loan to Hunt Institute\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9620536\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robyn Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Pictures.\\\" The pair subsequently toured, releasing another 7\\\" single double A side with the songs \\\"Love Is A Drag\\\" and \\\"Life Is Change,\\\" produced by Teenage Fanclub's Norman Blake. In 2017, Hitchcock released his eponymous album \\\"Robyn Hitchcock\\\". Working with Brendan Benson as co-producer, the album saw a return to a full band sound after his previous release, with guest appearances from Gillian Welch and Emma Swift. Hitchcock was born in Paddington, London, England, son of novelist Raymond Hitchcock (writer of \\\"Percy\\\"). He was educated at Winchester College. and Trinity College, Cambridge from where he was sent down, failing to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3743565\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tara Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"KTVK, in Phoenix from 1997 through September 27, 2011. Tara Hitchcock lived in the Phoenix suburb of Ahwatukee Foothills, prior to her marriage to Kenn Francis. Hitchcock now resides in Scottsdale with Francis and his children from a previous relationship. On October 31, 2013 she started a Thursday morning segment on KPHO's CBS 5 News at 6AM called \\\"Tara's Reel Travels\\\" where she interviews cast members of an upcoming movie. Tara Hitchcock Tara Hitchcock (born 1971) is an American journalist and news anchor. She was born in Pennsylvania, the eldest of four daughters. Her family lived in Massachusetts and New\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3036397\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Storefront Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Storefront Hitchcock Storefront Hitchcock is the title of a soundtrack album by Robyn Hitchcock, released in support of a film of the same name, which was directed by Jonathan Demme. The film is essentially an audience-eye view of its subject matter, singer-songwriter Hitchcock, standing inside a derelict shop window in New York, performing selections from his considerable back catalogue on acoustic guitar. The street scenes and passers by glimpsed through the glass act as a backdrop to the movie, which went on general release in 1998. Recorded by John Hanlon and David Hewitt on Remote Recording Services' Silver Truck The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10229641\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\",\n \"text\": \"ended up directing what would be the last episode. The broadcast history was as follows: \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\", 25 minutes long, aired weekly at 9:30 on CBS on Sunday nights from 1955 to 1960, and then at 8:30 on NBC on Tuesday nights from 1960 to 1962.It was followed by \\\"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\\\", which lasted for three seasons, September 1962 to June 1965, adding another 93 episodes to the 268 already produced for \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\". Two episodes that were directed by Hitchcock were nominated for Emmy Awards. The first episode was \\\"The Case of Mr. Pelham\\\" in 1955\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1842347\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock, South Dakota\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock, South Dakota Hitchcock is a town in Beadle County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 91 at the 2010 census. Hitchcock co-ops with the nearby town of Tulare for sports, making them the Hitchcock/Tulare Patriots. Hitchcock was platted in 1881. Early variant names were Clarkville and Altoona. The present name honors Charles S. Hitchcock, an original owner of the town site. A post office has been in operation in Hitchcock since 1881. Hitchcock is located at (44.630123, -98.410259). According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all land. Hitchcock has been\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1216922\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nigel Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Nigel Hitchcock Nigel Hitchcock (born 4 January 1971) is an English jazz saxophonist. Hitchcock began to play alto sax at the age of eight. In 1982 he and his elder brother Clive joined the National Youth Jazz Orchestra. After one year Nigel took the lead alto chair for the next five years. During this time the orchestra toured with different musicians such as Vic Damone, Buddy Greco and Al Martino. At the age of 16, Hitchcock moved to London and began his career as a session musician and also had recorded TV jingles, movie soundtracks, and pop solos. In 1989\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12426157\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Raymond Hitchcock (actor)\",\n \"text\": \"which was originally produced on Broadway in 1917, 1918, 1919, and 1920. Cole Porter wrote the music for the 1919 version. Raymond Hitchcock also figured prominently in John Ford's \\\"Upstream\\\" (1927). He died on November 24, 1929. Hitchcock was married to Freda Bowen from 1891 to 1903, and then was married to actress Flora Zabelle (1880-1968) from 1905 to his death in 1929. Hitchcock and Zabelle had no children. In one of her few movie roles, Zabelle appeared in the silent film \\\"The Red Widow\\\" (1916) opposite male lead John Barrymore. Barrymore's role had been played by Hitchcock in the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12725912\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Mountain Eagle\\\" (1926), released in the United States as \\\"Fear o' God\\\". The film is lost; Hitchcock called it \\\"a very bad movie\\\". Hitchcock's luck changed with his first thriller, \\\"\\\" (1927), about the hunt for a serial killer who, wearing a black cloak and carrying a black bag, is murdering young blonde women in London, and only on Tuesdays. A landlady suspects that her lodger is the killer, but he turns out to be innocent. To convey that footsteps were being heard from an upper floor, Hitchcock had a glass floor made so that the audience could see the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3614\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Do You Like Hitchcock?\",\n \"text\": \"mind. Giulio stands staring with mouth agape. \\\"Do You Like Hitchcock?\\\" received mixed reviews from critics and audiences, earning a 31% audience score on Rotten Tomatoes and a 5.7 / 10 rating on IMDb. The film was nominated for Best TV-Movie at the 2006 Barcelona Film Awards. Do You Like Hitchcock? Do You Like Hitchcock? (orig. Ti piace Hitchcock?) is a 2005 made-for-TV giallo film directed by Dario Argento. The film is a homage to the acclaimed thriller film director Alfred Hitchcock. In 1991 Giulio, a young boy bicycling in the woods, spots a woman darting between the trees. He\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9698688\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Sound\",\n \"text\": \"not feature the track \\\"Written\\\". 2002 Australian limited edition What Sound What Sound is the third album by English electronic music group Lamb, released in October 2001 Original members Andy Barlow and Lou Rhodes are joined by session musicians Arto Lindsay on guitar, Me'Shell NdegéOcello on bass, and Michael Franti with additional vocal work. Doves guitarist Jimi Goodwin, producers Nellee Hooper and Richard Dorfmeister (one half of Kruder & Dorfmeister) also contributed to the album. The track \\\"Heaven\\\" was used constantly on the HBO television series \\\"Six Feet Under\\\". A hidden track called \\\"Blessing in Disguise\\\" follows a period of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6504393\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Sound\",\n \"text\": \"What Sound What Sound is the third album by English electronic music group Lamb, released in October 2001 Original members Andy Barlow and Lou Rhodes are joined by session musicians Arto Lindsay on guitar, Me'Shell NdegéOcello on bass, and Michael Franti with additional vocal work. Doves guitarist Jimi Goodwin, producers Nellee Hooper and Richard Dorfmeister (one half of Kruder & Dorfmeister) also contributed to the album. The track \\\"Heaven\\\" was used constantly on the HBO television series \\\"Six Feet Under\\\". A hidden track called \\\"Blessing in Disguise\\\" follows a period of silence after the final track. Note: Some editions do\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6504392\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sound film\",\n \"text\": \"true boundaries of the cinema.\\\" Such opinions were not rare among those who cared about cinema as an art form; Alfred Hitchcock, though he directed the first commercially successful talkie produced in Europe, held that \\\"the silent pictures were the purest form of cinema\\\" and scoffed at many early sound films as delivering little beside \\\"photographs of people talking\\\". In Germany, Max Reinhardt, stage producer and movie director, expressed the belief that the talkies, \\\"bringing to the screen stage plays ... tend to make this independent art a subsidiary of the theater and really make it only a substitute for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"788609\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Before There Was Sound\",\n \"text\": \"Freddy\\\" is dedicated to the trumpeter. \\\"Jo Jar\\\" is for Joseph Jarman. The \\\"Down Beat\\\" review by Peter Margasak states \\\"This is incredible, rigorously rehearsed and researched music made only less radical by what followed it—but in 1965 this would have blown minds.\\\" Before There Was Sound Before There Was Sound is an album by American jazz saxophonist Roscoe Mitchell recorded in 1965 but not issued until 2011 by Nessa Records. The album presents the earliest recordings available of the work of the AACM, taped shortly after the first meeting of the organization in May 1965 and approximately a year\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18520651\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Carol Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Lucky\\\" (December 1987) – both are produced by the UK trio – and found \\\"one of their relatively memorable singles was [Hitchcock]'s 'Get Ready'. Her gimmick for that single was her shaven head. The reason that single was memorable was the threatening tone of [her] vocal. On this single, all Kylie has to offer is sweetness. Bad for the teeth, as it grates.\\\" According to Australian musicologist, Ian McFarlane, \\\"The gutsy singer had made her mark but, unfortunately, there was no follow-up and Hitchcock slipped from view.\\\" During the mid-1980s Hitchcock was married to fellow Australian singer, Roger Hart (ex-Little\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6046709\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For\",\n \"text\": \"You're Dead? Nobody.\\\", \\\"Dagger\\\", \\\"Passe Compose\\\", \\\"Traitors Never Play Hangman\\\" and \\\"We Are All Movie Stars\\\". The artwork was different as well, with the cover featuring the band's logo with a sparrow in the corner of the cover standing about a bottle of leaking love hearts. Jack Rogers writing for \\\"Rock Sound\\\" reviewed the song \\\"RE: They Have No Reflections\\\" and commented that it is \\\"Scrappy, heavy and completely and utterly debauched\\\". This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For This Is What the Edge of Your Seat Was Made For is the first release by Bring\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9078661\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock & Herrmann\",\n \"text\": \"and \\\"Marnie\\\". After ten years the two men ended their collaboration. Through what is two intersecting monologues the play \\\"Hitchcock & Herrmann\\\" explores the relationship between these two geniuses and endeavours to explain in their own words why at the height of their creative talents they parted company and never worked together again. Interspersed throughout are examples of Herrmann's music - often taking the place for important dramatic points. The play was first performed in January, 2005 as a rehearsed reading at the 4MBS Performance Studio in Brisbane, Australia with Knijnenburg himself playing the part of Hitchcock and Yalin Ozucelik\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10159198\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock and the Making of Psycho\",\n \"text\": \"Required reading not only for \\\"Psycho\\\"-files, but for anyone interested in the backstage world of movie-creation.\\\" Images Journal reviewer Gary Johnson called it \\\"one of the best books ever written about the making of a movie.\\\" Gerald Kaufman of \\\"The Sunday Telegraph\\\" found it \\\"joyously entertaining.\\\" \\\"Entertainment Weekly,\\\" referring to Rebello's revealing how Hitchcock arrived at the sound of the knife stabbing the heroine in the shower, opined \\\"the melon tale alone is worth the price of [the book].\\\" Another top critic wrote that, unlike other books about films and filmmakers, it \\\"reads more like a gripping novel than detached\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11942839\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Edward Griffin Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"what was called the Volcano School because of the use of the volcanoes of Hawaii island as subjects. Edward Griffin Hitchcock Edward Griffin \\\"Holy Terror\\\" Hitchcock (January 20, 1837 – October 9, 1898) was a law enforcement officer in the Kingdom of Hawaii, who rose to the position of Marshal of the Republic of Hawaii. Edward Griffin Hitchcock was born January 20, 1837 in Lahaina on the island of Maui. His father was early missionary Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), and mother was Rebecca Howard (1808–1890). They were assigned the mission station called Kaluaaha on the eastern end of the island\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14562786\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Dave Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"business, DBM Ltd, \\\"For artists, producers, writers and other creatives - 85% of what we do is music-related.\\\" Dave Hitchcock Dave Hitchcock is a former record producer working with Genesis, Caravan, Camel, Curved Air and Renaissance. David Hitchcock worked in A&R as a staff producer at Decca Records before becoming an independent record producer. He worked with Decca Records and Charisma Records and formed the company \\\"Gruggy Woof Productions\\\". Hitchcock later retrained as a chartered accountant with KPMG with the aim of becoming someone who could provide financial advice for musicians. He then joined Ernst & Young's \\\"Entertainment & Media\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15905501\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"start gathering, watching, and attacking. The question: \\\"What do the birds want?\\\" is left unanswered. Hitchcock made the film with equipment from the Revue Studio, which made \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\". He said it was his most technically challenging film yet, using a combination of trained and mechanical birds against a backdrop of wild ones. Every shot was sketched in advance. An HBO/BBC television film, \\\"The Girl\\\" (2012), depicted Hedren's experiences on set; she said that Hitchcock became obsessed with her and sexually harassed her. He reportedly isolated her from the rest of the crew, had her followed, whispered obscenities to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3659\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"molest Marnie—Marnie had killed the client to save her mother. Cured of her fears when she remembers what happened, she decides to stay with Mark. No longer speaking to her because she had rebuffed him, Hitchcock apparently referred to Hedren throughout as \\\"the girl\\\" rather than by name. He told Robert Burks, the cinematographer, that the camera had to be placed as close as possible to Hedren when he filmed her face. Evan Hunter, the screenwriter of \\\"The Birds\\\" who was writing \\\"Marnie\\\" too, explained to Hitchcock that, if Mark loved Marnie, he would comfort her, not rape her. Hitchcock\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3664\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lambert Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Lambert Hitchcock Lambert Hitchcock (May 28, 1795, Cheshire, Connecticut – 1852) was an American furniture manufacturer, famous for designing and mass-producing the Hitchcock chair. Hitchcock was the son of John Lee Hitchcock, an American Revolutionary War veteran who was lost at sea in 1811. He attended the Episcopal Academy of Cheshire, now known as Cheshire Academy, and was an apprentice to woodworker Silas Cheney. In 1818, he opened a furniture factory in Riverton, Connecticut, then called Hitchcocksville. The factory at first made chair parts. Soon Hitchcock, influenced by Connecticut clockmaker Eli Terry, began mass-producing simple, affordable chairs. Instead of painting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10330589\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"relation between sex and death than any other work in his filmography. \\\"Vertigo\\\" contains a camera technique developed by Irmin Roberts, commonly referred to as a dolly zoom, that has been copied many times by filmmakers. The film premiered at the San Sebastián International Film Festival, where Hitchcock won a Silver Seashell. \\\"Vertigo\\\" is considered a classic, but it attracted some negative reviews and poor box-office receipts at the time, and it was the last collaboration between Stewart and Hitchcock. In the 2002 \\\"Sight & Sound\\\" polls, it ranked just behind \\\"Citizen Kane\\\" (1941); ten years later, in the same\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3651\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jimmy Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Jimmy Hitchcock James Franklin Hitchcock, Jr. (June 28, 1911 – July 23, 1959) was an American college football player and Major League Baseball player during the Depression Era. Hitchcock played for the Auburn Tigers football team of Auburn University (then Alabama Polytechnic Institute), where he was the school's first All-American in both football and baseball. Jimmy Hitchcock was born on June 28, 1911 in Inverness, Alabama to James Franklin Hitchcock, clerk of the circuit court in Bullock County, and Sallie Louise Davis. Known as \\\"The Phantom of Union Springs\\\", where he played in high school, Hitchcock earned three varsity football\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9286706\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ken Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"season with the Stars, Hitchcock again led the Stars to the playoffs, losing in the Conference Finals to the eventual Stanley Cup champion Detroit Red Wings. Also during the 1997–98 season, Hitchcock was named to his first of three consecutive NHL All-Star Game teams as coach. During the 1998–99 NHL season, Hitchcock led the Stars to a regular season record of 51–19–12 (0.695 winning percentage), a team best. In the playoffs, Hitchcock led the team to a Stanley Cup victory over the Buffalo Sabres, the team's first. The next season, Hitchcock again led the team to the Stanley Cup finals,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3103661\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Henry Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Henry Hitchcock Henry Hitchcock (September 11, 1792 – August 11, 1839) was the first Attorney General of Alabama, having been elected by the Alabama General Assembly in December 1819 in its initial session. He was also the Secretary of the Alabama Territory, the position which was the precursor to the modern-day Secretary of State of Alabama. Henry Hitchcock was born in Burlington, Vermont in 1792. He was the grandson of General Ethan Allen, leader of the Green Mountain Boys and hero of Ticonderoga, and the son of Judge Samuel Hitchcock. Major General Ethan Allen Hitchcock was his brother. Henry Hitchcock's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4978748\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock (film)\",\n \"text\": \"much fun and so suspenseful that it would make the original Hitchcock proud ... It's a serious contender for Best Picture, Lead Actor, Lead Actress, Adapted Screenplay, Makeup, Music Score, and maybe Art Direction.\\\" John Patterson of \\\"The Guardian\\\" called the film \\\"clever and witty\\\"; \\\"the making of \\\"Psycho\\\" is depicted in detail without our seeing one frame of the completed movie\\\" and concluding \\\"it lives and breathes through Hopkins and Mirren.\\\" Upon its theatrical release, Mary Pols of \\\"Time\\\" called the film \\\"a feel-good frolic, which is fine for anyone who prefers their Hitchcock history tidied up, absent the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16797766\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sterling Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Sterling Hitchcock Sterling Alex Hitchcock (born April 29, 1971) is an American former Major League Baseball left-handed pitcher. He played from to , mostly with the New York Yankees and San Diego Padres. Hitchcock was born in Fayetteville, North Carolina. He attended Armwood High School in Seffner, Florida. The Yankees selected Hitchcock in the ninth round of the 1989 Major League Baseball Draft. Though he committed to attend the University of South Florida, the Yankees signed Hitchcock with a $50,000 signing bonus. He made his Major League debut in 1992, pitching his first full season in 1994. He was traded\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8467627\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Ben Nugent, combining his studies and appearances for the school's first XI with his Academy commitments. When his father was appointed as goalkeeping coach at Blackburn Rovers as part of Mark Hughes' coaching team in 2004, Hitchcock and his family moved north and Tom transferred to the Blackburn youth teams. Tom Hitchcock Thomas Joseph Hitchcock (born 1 October 1992) is an English amateur (and former professional) footballer who plays as a forward for Harlow Town. Hitchcock progressed through the youth system at Blackburn Rovers academy after officially joining in 2007, after being recommended by his father Kevin Hitchcock who was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15759247\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"for the club, before returning to Milton Keynes Dons in January 2015. On 7 August 2015, Hitchcock signed for League Two side Stevenage, initially on a one-month loan which was later extended. Hitchcock made his debut for Stevenage against Notts County but was sent off on his debut. Hitchcock scored his first goal for Stevenage in a 1-1 away draw to Dagenham & Redbridge. Hitchcock scored his second goal for the club on 19 September 2015 in a 3-2 away defeat to Barnet before returning to Milton Keynes Dons. On 23 February 2016, Hitchcock returned to League One side Crewe\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15759245\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"D. Howard Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"D. Howard Hitchcock David Howard Hitchcock (May 15, 1861 – January 1, 1943) was an American painter of the Volcano School, known for his depictions of Hawaii. David Howard Hitchcock was born May 15, 1861 in Hilo, Hawaii. Since his father was also named David Howard Hitchcock (1831–1899), he generally went by D. Howard Hitchcock. His mother was Almeda Eliza Widger (1828–1895). His paternal grandparents were missionaries Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855) and Rebecca Howard (1808–1890). His father was a lawyer who served in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and his sister Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (1863–1895) was the first\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10203642\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Tom Hitchcock Thomas Joseph Hitchcock (born 1 October 1992) is an English amateur (and former professional) footballer who plays as a forward for Harlow Town. Hitchcock progressed through the youth system at Blackburn Rovers academy after officially joining in 2007, after being recommended by his father Kevin Hitchcock who was then goalkeeping coach at the club. He made his breakthrough into the Blackburn Rovers reserve team in 2009, scoring his first goal that year. On 19 July 2011, following a successful pre-season trial, Hitchcock joined then League Two side Plymouth Argyle on an initial three-month loan, eventually making 10 appearances\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15759242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock Ranch, California\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock Ranch, California Hitchcock Ranch is a former settlement in El Dorado County, California. It was located southeast of Salmon Falls. Was also known as Green Springs Ranch, California HITCHCOCK RANCH: This post office was established on Oct.9, 1860, with William Dormody serving as its first postmaster. The Hitchcock Ranch was settled in 1848 and had become a supply center for the local miners. Service at the Hitchcock Ranch Post Office was discontinued on Sep. 12, 1865 when its name was changed to the Green Valley Post Office. Green Valley, El Dorado County, California A post office operated at Hitchcock\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13358141\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"D. Howard Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"and the Oakland Museum of California are among the public collections holding paintings by David Howard Hitchcock. Hitchcock is called the first homegrown artist in Hawaii with international recognition. The auction record for a painting by David Howard Hitchcock is $82,250. This record was set by \\\"Windward Oahu, Hawaii\\\", a 12 by 18 inch oil painting on canvas sold May 19, 2006 at Skinner Inc. (Boston). Painting of Pele D. Howard Hitchcock David Howard Hitchcock (May 15, 1861 – January 1, 1943) was an American painter of the Volcano School, known for his depictions of Hawaii. David Howard Hitchcock was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10203651\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Henry Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"eventually arriving in Mobile on January 22, 1816, after a brief stay in Natchez. On May 14, 1818, six months after the creation of the Alabama Territory, Hitchcock was appointed its first secretary by Governor William Wyatt Bibb. He also participated in the writing of Alabama's first constitution, representing Washington County in the constitutional convention in Huntsville on July 5, 1819. Hitchcock was elected as the State's first Attorney General by the General Assembly in December 1819. Hitchcock then had the distinction of producing the first book printed in the State of Alabama entitled, \\\"The Alabama Juctice of the Peace,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4978750\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Orra White Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock Papers\\\" and copies of all of Edward Hitchcock's scientific publications. The Mead Art Museum at Amherst College held the first major retrospective exhibition of her work in 2011, \\\"Orra White Hitchcock (1796-1863): An Amherst Woman of Art and Science,\\\" with a catalogue. Orra White Hitchcock Orra White Hitchcock (March 8, 1796 – May 26, 1863) was one of America's earliest women botanical and scientific illustrators and artists, best known for illustrating the scientific works of her husband, geologist Edward Hitchcock (1793–1864), but also notable for her own artistic and scientific work. Hitchcock was born to a prosperous farming family\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16292490\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cameron Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"20 goals. He won Port Adelaide's best first year player award. He was upgraded to the main list for the 2011 season. Hitchcock was delisted at the end of the 2014 season, after a string of shoulder, hamstring and foot injuries derailed his career. In 2016, Hitchcock played for the South Australian National Football League (SANFL) club South Adelaide, and was selected in the 2016 West End SANFL State Team. Cameron Hitchcock Cameron Hitchcock (born 3 July 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Cameron\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14291049\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Samuel Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"children who lived to adulthood included Lorraine Allen Hitchcock, Henry Hitchcock, Mary Anne Hitchcock, Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Caroline P. Hitchcock, and Samuel Hitchcock. Samuel Hitchcock Samuel Hitchcock (March 23, 1755 – November 30, 1813) was an attorney and judge in Vermont. He was the son-in-law of Ethan Allen, and the father of Ethan Allen Hitchcock. Samuel Hitchcock, the son of Noah and Mary Hitchcock, was born in Brimfield, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard College in 1777. He studied law with Jedediah Foster in West Brookfield, Massachusetts, attained admission to the bar, and practiced in Worcester, Massachusetts. He moved to Manchester,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12978670\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock/Truffaut (film)\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock/Truffaut (film) Hitchcock/Truffaut is a 2015 French-American documentary film directed by Kent Jones about François Truffaut's book on Alfred Hitchcock, \\\"Hitchcock/Truffaut\\\", and its impact on cinema. Truffaut interviewed Hitchcock over eight days in 1962 at his offices at Universal Studios to write his book, and the documentary features reflections from directors including James Gray, Martin Scorsese, Paul Schrader, Wes Anderson, David Fincher, Arnaud Desplechin, and Olivier Assayas. It was first screened at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival and was shown in the TIFF Docs section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival. \\\"Hitchcock/Truffaut\\\" received critical acclaim. On Rotten Tomatoes, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18965481\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Henry Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"son, Ethan Hitcocock, served as United States Secretary of the Interior under William McKinley. Another son, Henry Hitchcock, was a prominent attorney in St. Louis, Missouri. Henry Hitchcock attended Middlebury College for a while and then graduated from the University of Vermont in 1811. While studying law, he cultivated a small farm in order to provide for the needs of his family. He became a member of the bar in 1815 and handled several important lawsuits before leaving Burlington for the lure of what was then called the Southwest. He traveled by flat boat down the Ohio and Mississippi rivers,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4978749\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock Ranch, California\",\n \"text\": \"Ranch from 1860 and 1865, when it was transferred to Green Valley. Hitchcock Ranch, California Hitchcock Ranch is a former settlement in El Dorado County, California. It was located southeast of Salmon Falls. Was also known as Green Springs Ranch, California HITCHCOCK RANCH: This post office was established on Oct.9, 1860, with William Dormody serving as its first postmaster. The Hitchcock Ranch was settled in 1848 and had become a supply center for the local miners. Service at the Hitchcock Ranch Post Office was discontinued on Sep. 12, 1865 when its name was changed to the Green Valley Post Office.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13358142\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Billy Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"the Braves, whose general manager at the time was former Tiger player and executive John McHale. Hitchcock began the season as a coach for the Atlanta Braves under Bobby Bragan during the club's first season in Atlanta. But when the Braves won only 52 of their first 111 games, Bragan was fired on August 9 and Hitchcock took over. The Braves won 33 of their last 51 games to finish fifth in the National League, and Hitchcock was invited back for , but he was fired September 28 of that year with the team in seventh place and three games\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6073979\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robyn Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"In 2001 Hitchcock reunited and toured with Kimberley Rew, bassist Matthew Seligman, and Morris Windsor for the Soft Boys' re-release of their best-known album, 1980's \\\"Underwater Moonlight\\\". The following year they recorded and released a new album, \\\"Nextdoorland\\\", which was accompanied by a short album of outtakes, \\\"Side Three\\\". The reunion proved to be short-lived. The 2002 double album \\\"Robyn Sings\\\" comprised cover versions of Bob Dylan songs, including a live re-creation (performed in 1996) of Dylan's so-called \\\"Live at the Royal Albert Hall\\\" 1966 concert. Hitchcock celebrated his 50th birthday in 2003 with a concert at the Queen Elizabeth\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3743557\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Billy Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock also made a name for himself in college football and golf. As an All-Conference tailback, he led Auburn to its first bowl game (a 7-7 tie against Villanova on January 1, 1937). Later in life, he established the Billy Hitchcock Golf Tournament at his alma mater. In recognition of his contribution to the school, Auburn renamed its renovated baseball stadium \\\"Hitchcock Field\\\" in 2003. Also in that year, \\\"Baseball America\\\" named it the best college baseball facility in the country. Hitchcock died in Opelika, Alabama at age 89. He was a charter member and elder at Trinity Presbyterian Church,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6073981\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jeremy Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Upon graduating, Hitchcock moved the company to Manchester, New Hampshire, where it is still headquartered. As CEO, he funded the company until 2012 when it finally took its first round of outside capital – $38 million from North Bridge Venture Partners. The company raised $100M total outside funding. Hitchcock is an active angel investor and is currently Founder and CEO of wifi management and IoT security startup, Minim, based in Manchester, NH Jeremy Hitchcock Jeremy Hitchcock (born September 11, 1981) is co-founder and former CEO of Dyn. Hitchcock resigned from the business in May 2016 prior to the Oracle acquisition,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17464166\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Russell Hitchcock (album)\",\n \"text\": \"from the album \\\"Super Exitos\\\" (1991) and \\\"Is It You\\\" with Rita Coolidge (1995). Also of note is the track \\\"The River Cried\\\", which would also be featured on the debut solo album of former Scandal vocalist/songwriter Patty Smyth (the version heard here is 12 seconds shorter), and this album also featured his version of \\\"What Becomes of the Brokenhearted\\\". Russell Hitchcock (album) Russell Hitchcock is the self-titled debut album by Russell Hitchcock, best known as the lead singer of Air Supply, released in 1988. The album didn't reach the charts, though singles \\\"Someone Who Believes in You\\\", \\\"I Can't\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11896840\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Carol Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"(March 1987). The recording featured Paul McCartney, Kate Bush and Bananarama. The final episode of \\\"Countdown\\\" aired on 19 July; the compère, Molly Meldrum, interviewed Hitchcock. Her music video for \\\"Get Ready\\\" was also broadcast. In August of that year Hitchcock anticipated working on her second single with Stock, Aitken, Waterman, \\\"I'll just wait to see what happens after this next single. They seem to like me, they've said I'm easy to get along with, and there is talk about an album.\\\" In March 1988 Wellham contrasted Hitchcock's music video for her single with Kylie Minogue's \\\"I Should Be So\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6046708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock had intended to film \\\"Marnie\\\" first, and in March 1962 it was announced that Grace Kelly, Princess Grace of Monaco since 1956, would come out of retirement to star in it. When Kelly asked Hitchcock to postpone \\\"Marnie\\\" until 1963 or 1964, he recruited Evan Hunter, author of \\\"The Blackboard Jungle\\\" (1954), to develop a screenplay based on a Daphne du Maurier short story, \\\"The Birds\\\" (1952), which Hitchcock had republished in his \\\"My Favorites in Suspense\\\" (1959). He hired Tippi Hedren to play the lead role. It was her first role; she had been a model in New\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3657\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Stereophonic sound\",\n \"text\": \"of the first stereo cable stations was The Movie Channel, though the most popular cable TV station that drove up usage of stereo simulcasting was MTV. Japanese television began multiplex (stereo) sound broadcasts in 1978, and regular transmissions with stereo sound came in 1982. By 1984, about 12% of the programming, or about 14 or 15 hours per station per week, made use of the multiplex technology. West Germany's second television network, ZDF, began offering stereo programs in 1984. In 1979, \\\"The New York Times\\\" reported, \\\"What has prompted the [television] industry to embark on establishing high-fidelity [sound] standards now,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4403310\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock filmography\",\n \"text\": \"1980, Hitchcock received a knighthood. Alfred Hitchcock filmography Alfred Hitchcock (1899–1980) was an English filmmaker and director. Popularly known as the \\\"Master of Suspense\\\" for his use of innovative film techniques in thrillers, Hitchcock started his career in the British film industry as a title designer and art director for a number of silent films during the early 1920s, most of which are now lost. His directorial debut was the 1925 release \\\"The Pleasure Garden\\\". Hitchcock followed this with \\\"\\\", his first commercial and critical success. It featured many of the thematic elements his films would be known for such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8566458\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Almeda Eliza Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (December 5, 1863 – May 9, 1895) was the first female lawyer and notary public in the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1888. Almeda Eliza Hitchcock was born on December 5, 1863, in Hilo, on the island of Hawaii, into a missionary family. Her paternal grandparents Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855) and Rebecca Howard (1808–1890) were American Protestant missionaries who settled in the Kingdom of Hawaii in 1832. Her parents were David Howard Hitchcock (1831–1899), a lawyer and legislator in the legislature of the Kingdom of Hawaii, and Almeda Eliza Widger (1828–1895). Her older brother\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20861299\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jane Stanton Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"the sixth season of \\\"American Greed\\\" which included interviews with Hitchcock detailing how she pursued Starr until his conviction was secured. Jane Stanton Hitchcock Jane Stanton Hitchcock (born November 24, 1946) is an American author, playwright, and screenwriter. She has written several plays but is known mostly for her mystery novels \\\"Mortal Friends\\\", \\\"One Dangerous Lady\\\", \\\"Social Crimes\\\", \\\"The Witches' Hammer\\\" and \\\"Trick of the Eye\\\". Hitchcock also wrote the screenplays for \\\"Our Time\\\" and \\\"First Love\\\". Hitchcock was born Jane Johnston Crowley on , to Robert Crowley, a surgeon, and Joan Crowley (known professionally as Joan Alexander), an actress\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20452205\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock filmography\",\n \"text\": \"the host of the anthology television series \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\" which he also produced. In 1958, Hitchcock directed the psychological thriller \\\"Vertigo\\\" starring Stewart and Kim Novak. The film topped the 2012 poll of the British film magazine \\\"Sight & Sound\\\" of the 50 Greatest Films of All Time and also topped the American Film Institute's Top Ten in the mystery genre. He followed this with the spy thriller \\\"North by Northwest\\\" (1959) which starred Grant and Eva Marie Saint. In 1960, he directed \\\"Psycho\\\", the biggest commercial success of his career and for which he received his fifth nomination\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8566456\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"How do you do, boys and girls. I’m delighted to find that you believe in ghosts, too. After all, they believe in you, so it is only common courtesy to return the favor.\\\" Hitchcock introduces each of the stories, all the while recounting a droll story of his own failed attempts to deal with a leaky faucet (which at the conclusion of the album leads to Hitchcock \\\"drowning\\\" in his flooded home). The ghost stories themselves, accompanied by minimal sound effects and music, are told by actor John Allen, four of which he wrote himself, and two of which are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1842353\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Sailor Moon S: The Movie\",\n \"text\": \"Sailor Moon S: The Movie Sailor Moon S: The Movie, known in Japan as and Sailor Moon S the Movie: Hearts in Ice in the Pioneer English adaptation, is a 1994 Japanese anime fantasy film directed by Hiroki Shibata and written by Sukehiro Tomita. It is the second film in the \\\"Sailor Moon\\\" series. The film is adapted from a side story of the original manga series created by Naoko Takeuchi, \\\"The Lover of Princess Kaguya\\\". The storyline is loosely based on \\\"The Snow Queen\\\" fairytale by Hans Christen Andersen. The film was released on December 4, 1994 in Japan\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7581274\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\",\n \"text\": \"briefly detail how fate (or the authorities) eventually brought the character to justice. Hitchcock told \\\"TV Guide\\\" that his reassurances that the criminal had been apprehended were \\\"a necessary gesture to morality.\\\" \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\" finished at number 6 in the Nielsen ratings for the 1956–57 season, number 12 in 1957–58, number 24 in 1958–59, and number 25 in 1959–60. The series was originally 25 minutes per episode, but it was expanded to 50 minutes in 1962 and retitled \\\"The Alfred Hitchcock Hour\\\". Hitchcock directed 17 of the 267 filmed episodes of \\\"Alfred Hitchcock Presents\\\"—four during the first season and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1842344\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior)\",\n \"text\": \"first Ambassador accredited from the United States to the court of Russia. He was recalled in 1898 to serve in first McKinley's and then his successor, Roosevelt's, Cabinet. As Secretary of the Interior, Hitchcock pursued a vigorous program for the conservation of natural resources and reorganized the administration of Native American affairs. Hitchcock died April 9, 1909, in Washington, D.C., at the age of 73. Hitchcock was buried at the Bellefontaine Cemetery in St. Louis, Missouri. Ethan A. Hitchcock (Interior) Ethan Allen Hitchcock (September 19, 1835 – April 9, 1909) served under Presidents William McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt as U.S.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4360010\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robyn Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"performing it live with the Egyptians. At the beginning of 1990, Hitchcock took a break from the Egyptians and A&M Records to release another solo acoustic album, \\\"Eye\\\", then resumed with the band's \\\"Perspex Island\\\" release in 1991. 1993's \\\"Respect\\\", influenced a great deal by his father's death, marked the last Egyptians release and the end of his association with A&M Records. Early in 1994, after disbanding the Egyptians, Hitchcock embarked on a short reunion tour with the Soft Boys. His work received a slight boost in 1995 when his back catalogue (including both solo releases and Egyptians albums) were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3743554\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Margaret Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Wellington. In 1946 she was awarded an MBE for her military nursing service. Hitchcock died in Palmerston North on 13 March, 1967. During her time in Europe, Hitchcock received several items of trench art and rehabilitative art from soldiers she nursed, and some of these were later donated to Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa. Margaret Hitchcock Margaret (Daisy) Hitchcock (1883 - 13 March, 1967) was a nurse from New Zealand who served in France in World War I. Hitchcock was born in 1883 to Maria and Henry Hitchcock of Wellington. Hitchcock trained as a nurse in Wellington, passing\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20709213\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock, Texas\",\n \"text\": \"REQUIRED. Hitchcock ISD received a warning for LOW ACCOUNTABILITY marks in 2011 and 2013. Our Lady of Lourdes School, a Roman Catholic elementary school operated by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Galveston-Houston, is in Hitchcock. All of Hitchcock is served by the College of the Mainland. The Genevieve Miller Hitchcock Public Library was established in 2015. Hitchcock, Texas Hitchcock is a city in Galveston County, Texas, United States. The population was 6,961 at the 2010 census. Hitchcock was created as a station of the railroad between Galveston and Houston in 1873 and around the turn of the 20th century became\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1233365\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Karen R. Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"founded and run by one of Hitchcock's faculty members at SUNY Albany, Alan S. Chartock. This program was paid for by the SUNY Albany Foundation, using gifts intended for the students and faculty of the university, until Dr. Hitchcock's abrupt departure from that campus. For some time afterward, her participation in the program was paid for by Queen's University. Chartock, a vocal political opponent of then-Governor George Pataki, delivered a number of print and broadcast defenses of Hitchcock, in which Chartock failed to mention his financial reliance on her patronage. Hitchcock became the Principal of Queen's University in July, 2004.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5208290\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Harvey Rexford Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"(1861–1943) who was a painter. David Howard Hitchcock Sr. was a lawyer who served in the legislature of the Hawaiian Kingdom, and partnered with his daughter Almeda Eliza Hitchcock Moore (1863–1895) who was the first woman lawyer in Hawaii. He died December 12, 1899. Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr. (generally known as H. Rexford Hitchcock) was born in 1835 and published a dictionary of the Hawaiian language while principal of Lahainaluna School, in an effort to teach Hawaiians the English language. He married Alice Field Hardy (1854–1895) on May 30, 1877, was elected to the House of Representatives of the Kingdom\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14278440\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Margaret Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Margaret Hitchcock Margaret (Daisy) Hitchcock (1883 - 13 March, 1967) was a nurse from New Zealand who served in France in World War I. Hitchcock was born in 1883 to Maria and Henry Hitchcock of Wellington. Hitchcock trained as a nurse in Wellington, passing her nursing registration exam in 1909. In 1910 Hitchcock travelled with her friend Lily Lind to Ireland to study midwifery at Dublin’s Rotunda Hospital. At the time World War I broke out, the two women were living and working in London as private nurses. Hitchcock and Lind volunteered their services to the newly formed French Flag\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20709208\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Pat Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Fog: Alfred Hitchcock's San Francisco\\\" by Jeff Kraft and Aaron Leventhal, which was published in 2002. In 2003, she published \\\"Alma Hitchcock: The Woman Behind the Man\\\", co-written with Laurent Bouzereau. Pat Hitchcock Patricia Alma O'Connell (née Hitchcock; born 7 July 1928), commonly known as Pat Hitchcock, is an English actress and producer. She is the only child of English director Alfred Hitchcock and Alma Reville, and had small roles in several of his films, starting with \\\"Stage Fright\\\" (1950). Hitchcock was born in London in 1928, the only child of film director Alfred Hitchcock and film editor Alma Reville.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1707567\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Daniel Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Ebenezer and Mary Hitchcock. In 1761, Hitchcock graduated from Yale University, and he went on to practice law in Northampton, Massachusetts. Hitchcock moved to Providence, Rhode Island in 1771. Hitchcock was thought by authorities to be affiliated with the \\\"Gaspée Affair\\\", a sinking of a British ship and a lead up to the American Revolutionary War. Hitchcock, along with other lawyers, were forced to testify in front of the Rhode Island Court. Hitchcock, however, denied any involvement in the \\\"Affair\\\". In June 1775, Hitchcock authorized the Providence County Regiment, which was organized as eight companies of volunteers from Providence County\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16171795\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robyn Hitchcock (1995 album)\",\n \"text\": \"Robyn Hitchcock (1995 album) Robyn Hitchcock was the first official collection of pre-released Robyn Hitchcock material, issued in 1995 by Sequel Records. This little-noted compilation was worthy of particular attention, being the only Hitchcock album to include the studio recording \\\"Statue With a Walkman\\\", a humorous depiction of a haemoglobin-counting figure found resting at the bottom of a garden. (Hitchcock would re-write the song with new sections, for the \\\"Storefront Hitchcock\\\" project a few years later.). This recording ended up on Shadow Cat in slightly edited form in 2008 (shortened by 63 seconds), making this compilation much less desirable. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10229490\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Edward Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"1864. In 1845, Hitchcock became President of the College, a post he held until 1854. As president, Hitchcock was responsible for Amherst's recovery from severe financial difficulties. He is also credited with developing the college's scientific resources and establishing its reputation for scientific teaching. In addition to his positions at Amherst, Hitchcock was a well-known early geologist. He ran the first geological survey of Massachusetts, and in 1830 was appointed state geologist of Massachusetts (he held the post until 1844). He also played a role in the geological surveys of New York and Vermont. His chief project, however, was natural\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3444104\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robyn Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"re-packaged and re-issued in the United States by the respected Rhino Records label. For the rest of the decade he continued recording and performing as a solo artist, releasing several albums on Warner Brothers Records, such as 1996's \\\"Moss Elixir\\\" (which featured the contributions of violinist Deni Bonet and guitarist Tim Keegan), and the soundtrack from the Jonathan Demme-directed concert film \\\"Storefront Hitchcock\\\" in 1998. The 1999 release \\\"Jewels for Sophia\\\", also on Warner, featured cameos from Southern California-based musicians Jon Brion and Grant-Lee Phillips, both of whom often shared the stage with Hitchcock when he played Los Angeles nightclub\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3743555\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Edward Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Randy Moore described Hitchcock as \\\"America's leading advocate of catastrophism-based gap creationism.\\\" Hitchcock left his mark in paleontology. He discovered some of the first fossil fishes in the United States. He published papers on fossilized tracks in the Connecticut Valley, including Eubrontes and Otozoum, that were later associated with dinosaurs, though he believed, with a certain prescience, that they were made by gigantic ancient birds. In the Hitchcock Ichnological Cabinet he established a remarkable collection of fossil footmarks. His son, Edward \\\"Doc\\\" Hitchcock, named one of the earliest dinosaurs discovered in North America and the United States, \\\"Megadactylus polyzelus\\\". Later\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3444106\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ken Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Manager Bobby Clarke stepped down. On November 1, 2006, the Flyers assigned Hitchcock to be a pro scout for the club. On November 22, 2006, Hitchcock and the Columbus Blue Jackets agreed to a three-year contract to become their new head coach. He coached his first game for the Blue Jackets on November 24 against his former team, the Philadelphia Flyers, a game Columbus lost, 3–2. On July 9, 2008, the Blue Jackets announced that they had signed Hitchcock to a three-year extension to remain as their head coach. On February 19, 2009, the Blue Jackets earned Hitchcock his 500th\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3103664\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock (film)\",\n \"text\": \"film's premiere, Hitchcock first views the audience from the projection booth, looking out through its small window at them. Hitchcock then waits in the lobby for the audience's reaction, conducting slashing motions to their reactions as they scream on cue. The film is rewarded with an enthusiastic reception. With the film's screening so well received, Hitchcock publicly thanks his wife for helping make it possible and they affirm their love and partnership. At the conclusion at his home, Hitchcock addresses the audience noting \\\"Psycho\\\" proved a major high point of his career and he is currently pondering his next project.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16797758\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Tom Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"for the club before returning to his parent club. On 2 February 2012, Hitchcock became a free agent following the mutual cancellation of his contract with Blackburn. On 4 March 2012 Hitchcock signed a one-year deal with Queens Park Rangers. On 17 August 2013, Hitchcock made his debut for the club as an 83rd substitute for Bobby Zamora, scoring a 90th minute winner in a 1-0 win over Ipswich Town. Following limited first team opportunities, Hitchcock signed on loan for League One side Crewe Alexandra. He went on to make 6 appearances for the club, scoring 3 goals. On 10\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15759243\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Frank Harris Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"his time at Harvard he met Theodore Roosevelt at the Audubon Society, both sharing a passion for the study of birds. Hitchcock credited Roosevelt for his success at the national level: From 1897 to 1905 Hitchcock served in the departments of Agriculture and Commerce. From 1905-08, he was assistant postmaster general.\\\" Frank Harris Hitchcock Frank Harris Hitchcock (October 5, 1867 – August 25, 1935), was chairman of Republican National Committee from 1908 to 1909. He was then Postmaster General of the United States under President William Howard Taft from 1909 to 1913. He is credited with establishing the first U.S.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5293672\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Charles Henry Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"He used the tetrahedral hypothesis which had been first published in 1875 by William Lowthian Green to explain the formation of the Earth's land masses. His distant cousin was Harvey Rexford Hitchcock (1800–1855), who was an early missionary to Hawaii. This led to a publication of a book the volcanoes of Hawaii. Hitchcock was a founder of the Geological Society of America, and in 1883 vice-president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He left a collection of botanical specimens to the University of North Carolina Herbarium. Charles Henry Hitchcock Charles Henry Hitchcock (August 23, 1836 – November\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14792877\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Peter Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"reorganization of the judicial tribunals of the state, and still continued to discharge his duties on the bench. He was called the \\\"Father of the constitution of 1851.\\\" One of the debates was over granting the power of the veto to the governor. As a good Whig, Judge Peter Hitchcock opposed it: The convention did not give the governor the veto in the new constitution. Peter Hitchcock was the uncle of Seabury Ford, the first Ohio governor from the Western Reserve. Peter Hitchcock died in Painesville, Ohio, while stopped at the home of his eldest son on his way home\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7863345\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Samuel Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"1787 to 1790, when he became the first Attorney General of Vermont, serving from 1790 to 1793. He served simultaneously, from 1789 to 1793, as a member of the Vermont House of Representatives. Hitchcock also served as a Justice of the Peace and heard cases in Burlington. In 1791, Hitchcock was a delegate to the Vermont convention which ratified the United States Constitution and enabled Vermont to join the Union as the 14th state. Hitchcock drafted the charter for the University of Vermont, was an original member of its board of trustees, and was the longtime secretary of the board.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12978667\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hitchcock (film)\",\n \"text\": \"the film, his last with Paramount. However, the pressures of the production, such as dealing with Geoffrey Shurlock of the Motion Picture Production Code, and Hitchcock's lecherous habits, such as when they confer with the female lead, Janet Leigh, annoy Alma. She begins a personal writing collaboration with Whitfield Cook on his screenplay at his beach house without Hitchcock's knowledge. Hitchcock eventually discovers what she has been doing and suspects her of having an affair. This concern affects Hitchcock's work on \\\"Psycho\\\". Hitchcock eventually confronts Alma and asks her if she is having an affair. Alma angrily denies it. Alma\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16797755\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock filmography\",\n \"text\": \"Alfred Hitchcock filmography Alfred Hitchcock (1899–1980) was an English filmmaker and director. Popularly known as the \\\"Master of Suspense\\\" for his use of innovative film techniques in thrillers, Hitchcock started his career in the British film industry as a title designer and art director for a number of silent films during the early 1920s, most of which are now lost. His directorial debut was the 1925 release \\\"The Pleasure Garden\\\". Hitchcock followed this with \\\"\\\", his first commercial and critical success. It featured many of the thematic elements his films would be known for such as an innocent man on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8566452\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"George Hitchcock (poet)\",\n \"text\": \"Christine Neilson in 2009. George Hitchcock (poet) George Parks Hitchcock (June 2, 1914 – August 27, 2010) was an American actor, poet, playwright, teacher, labor activist, publisher, and painter. He is best known for creating \\\"Kayak\\\", a poetry magazine that he published as a one-man operation from 1964 to 1984. Equally important, Hitchcock published writers under the \\\"Kayak\\\" imprint including the first two books by Charles Simic, second books by Philip Levine and Raymond Carver, translations by W.S. Merwin, and early books by Robert Bly and James Tate. Hitchcock was born in Hood River, Oregon, graduating in 1935 from the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14884858\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"George Hitchcock (poet)\",\n \"text\": \"George Hitchcock (poet) George Parks Hitchcock (June 2, 1914 – August 27, 2010) was an American actor, poet, playwright, teacher, labor activist, publisher, and painter. He is best known for creating \\\"Kayak\\\", a poetry magazine that he published as a one-man operation from 1964 to 1984. Equally important, Hitchcock published writers under the \\\"Kayak\\\" imprint including the first two books by Charles Simic, second books by Philip Levine and Raymond Carver, translations by W.S. Merwin, and early books by Robert Bly and James Tate. Hitchcock was born in Hood River, Oregon, graduating in 1935 from the University of Oregon, where\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14884851\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"the light makes sure that the audience's attention is on the glass. Grant's character is a killer in the book on which the film was based, \\\"Before the Fact\\\" by Francis Iles, but the studio felt that Grant's image would be tarnished by that. Hitchcock therefore settled for an ambiguous finale, although, as he told François Truffaut, he would have preferred to end with the wife's murder. Fontaine won Best Actress for her performance. \\\"Saboteur\\\" (1942) is the first of two films that Hitchcock made for Universal during the decade. Hitchcock was forced by Universal Studios to use Universal contract\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3629\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cameron Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Cameron Hitchcock Cameron Hitchcock (born 3 July 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Cameron was born on the Eyre Peninsula in the little country town of Elliston, South Australia, and lived there before moving to Adelaide with his family and attended Sacred Heart College, Adelaide. He made his debut for Port in the opening round of the 2010 NAB Cup, impressing with his pace and goal sense. In his first season, Hitchcock was elevated onto the senior list and played in 17 games, kicking\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14291048\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Gilbert Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"moved to Washington, D.C., where he died on February 3, 1934. He was interred in Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Omaha. Gilbert M. Hitchcock Elementary School and Hitchcock Park in Omaha were named in his honor. The newspaper was then led by his son-in-law Henry Doorly, husband of Hitchcock's daughter Margaret. Gilbert Hitchcock Gilbert Monell Hitchcock (September 18, 1859February 3, 1934) was an American congressman and U.S. Senator from Nebraska, and the founder of the \\\"Omaha World-Herald\\\" newspaper. Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Hitchcock was the son of U.S. Senator Phineas Warren Hitchcock of Nebraska. He attended the public schools of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6879351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Pat Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Pat Hitchcock Patricia Alma O'Connell (née Hitchcock; born 7 July 1928), commonly known as Pat Hitchcock, is an English actress and producer. She is the only child of English director Alfred Hitchcock and Alma Reville, and had small roles in several of his films, starting with \\\"Stage Fright\\\" (1950). Hitchcock was born in London in 1928, the only child of film director Alfred Hitchcock and film editor Alma Reville. The family moved to Los Angeles, California, in 1939. Once there, Hitchcock's father soon made his mark in Hollywood. As a child, Hitchcock knew she wanted to be an actress. In\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1707561\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Lambert Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"while fishing on the Farmington River. He wrote a biography, \\\"The Hitchcock Chair\\\", and started a new Hitchcock Chair Company in the same location. That business lasted until 2006, when it was forced to close due to competition from low-cost overseas furniture manufacturers. In the spring of 2010, Rick Swenson and his business partner, Gary Hath, purchased the Hitchcock name, plans, and artwork. Their goal is to continue the Hitchcock legacy, bringing Hitchcock furniture into the 21st century while maintaining the quality and integrity of Lambert Hitchcock's original dream. Lambert Hitchcock Lambert Hitchcock (May 28, 1795, Cheshire, Connecticut – 1852)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10330591\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Stereophonic sound\",\n \"text\": \"year later, MGM started using three tracks instead of one to record the musical selections of movie soundtracks, and very quickly upgraded to four. One track was used for dialogue, two for music, and one for sound effects. The purpose for this form of multitrack recording was to make mixing down to a single optical track easier and was not intended to be a recording for stereophonic purposes. The very first two-track recording MGM made (although released in mono) was \\\"It Never Rains But What It Pours\\\" by Judy Garland, recorded on June 21, 1938, for the movie \\\"Love Finds\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4403264\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ken Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"On April 13, 2017, Hitchcock was named as the head coach of the Dallas Stars for the second time. On December 21, Hitchcock earned his 800th win as NHL head coach when the Stars defeated the Blackhawks 4–0. On April 13, 2018, Hitchcock announced his retirement. On November 20, 2018, Hitchcock came out of retirement and was named head coach of the Edmonton Oilers after Todd McLellan was relieved of his duties. Ken Hitchcock Ken Hitchcock (born December 17, 1951) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach. He is the head coach for the Edmonton Oilers of the National Hockey\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3103668\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Alfred Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Hitchcock with his five-bedroom Victorian house on Campion Road, Putney, complete with maid, cook, chauffeur and gardener. Every summer John rented a seaside house for the family in Cliftonville, Kent. Hitchcock said that he first became class-conscious there, noticing the differences between tourists and locals. Describing himself as a well-behaved boy—his father called him his \\\"little lamb without a spot\\\"—Hitchcock said he could not remember ever having had a playmate. One of his favourite stories for interviewers was about his father sending him to the local police station with a note when he was five; the policeman looked at the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3601\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jane Stanton Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"Jane Stanton Hitchcock Jane Stanton Hitchcock (born November 24, 1946) is an American author, playwright, and screenwriter. She has written several plays but is known mostly for her mystery novels \\\"Mortal Friends\\\", \\\"One Dangerous Lady\\\", \\\"Social Crimes\\\", \\\"The Witches' Hammer\\\" and \\\"Trick of the Eye\\\". Hitchcock also wrote the screenplays for \\\"Our Time\\\" and \\\"First Love\\\". Hitchcock was born Jane Johnston Crowley on , to Robert Crowley, a surgeon, and Joan Crowley (known professionally as Joan Alexander), an actress known for playing Lois Lane on the radio serial \\\"The Adventures of Superman,\\\" and Della Street on the radio serial \\\"Perry\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20452194\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"D. Howard Hitchcock\",\n \"text\": \"woman lawyer in Hawaii. His uncle Edward Griffin Hitchcock (1837–1898) married Mary Tenney Castle, daughter of Castle & Cooke founder Samuel Northrup Castle. His cousin once removed (Edward Griffin's grandson) was football player Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr.. After graduating from Punahou School, Hitchcock attended Oberlin College in Ohio, where he saw his first art exhibition. Back in Hawaii, he wandered the volcano wilderness with a sketch pad and watercolors. French artist Jules Tavernier, painting in Hawaii, saw Hitchcock's sketches and convinced him to study art seriously. After Tavernier's death in 1889 Hitchcock studied painting at the National Academy of Design\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10203643\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["blackmailer","blackmailing","blackmail","r v lawrence and pomroy","blackmailed","blackmails","black mail"],"string":"[\n \"blackmailer\",\n \"blackmailing\",\n \"blackmail\",\n \"r v lawrence and pomroy\",\n \"blackmailed\",\n \"blackmails\",\n \"black mail\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":98,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"which newspaper did jackie kennedy work for just before her marriage?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Jackie (2016 film)","text":"Jackie (2016 film) Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life immediately after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kennedy. Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, and John Hurt also star; it was Hurt's final film released before his death in January 2017. The film follows Jackie Kennedy in the days when she was First Lady in the White House and her life immediately following the assassination of her husband, President John F. Kennedy, in","psg_id":"19215843"},{"title":"Jackie (2016 film)","text":"offered the opportunity. He stated that although he did not have any history or knowledge about John F. Kennedy's assassination, he connected with Jacqueline Kennedy. Prior to directing \"Jackie\", he had only made films centering on male protagonists rather than women. Thus, \"Jackie\" is the first film that he could approach from a woman's perspective. He grew more interested in Kennedy after learning more about her. To him, her life after the assassination \"had all the elements that you need for a movie: rage, curiosity, and love.\" Oppenheim said that the screenplay itself did not change much over the long","psg_id":"19215847"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"followed her everywhere and nicknamed her \"Jackie O\". During their marriage, the couple inhabited six different residences: her 15-room Fifth Avenue apartment in Manhattan, her horse farm in New Jersey, his Avenue Foch apartment in Paris, his private island Skorpios, his house in Athens, and his yacht \"Christina O\". Kennedy ensured that her children continued a connection with the Kennedy family by having Ted Kennedy visit them often. She developed a close relationship with Ted, and from then on he was involved in her public appearances. Aristotle Onassis' health deteriorated rapidly following the death of his son Alexander in a","psg_id":"741871"},{"title":"Jackie (2016 film)","text":"film's negative portrayal of Jackie's relationship with Lyndon and Lady Bird Johnson. She noted that letters, as well as a taped phone conversation between President Johnson and Jackie, which occurred on December 2, 1963, showed that the former first lady and the Johnsons were cooperating well. Jackie (2016 film) Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life immediately after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kennedy. Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, and John Hurt","psg_id":"19215858"},{"title":"Florynce Kennedy","text":"of African American oral history\". In 1946, Kennedy wrote a monograph called \"The Case Against Marriage\", which she later summarized in her autobiography: ...the idea being that marriage is a crock. Why should you lock yourself in the bathroom just because you have to go three times a day? In 1957 Kennedy married science fiction author Charles Dye, who was previously married to fellow science fiction author Katherine MacLean. Dye suffered from alcoholism and died circa 1960, in his mid-30s. Kennedy never remarried or had children. In 1986 on her 70th birthday, Kennedy had a birthday gala at the New","psg_id":"8165990"},{"title":"Jackie Speier","text":"Germany. Speier took Jacqueline as her confirmation name after Jackie Kennedy. She is a graduate of Mercy High School in Burlingame. She earned a B.A. degree from the University of California, Davis, and a J.D. degree from the University of California, Hastings College of the Law in 1976. Speier's first marriage was to Dr. Steven Sierra, an emergency-room doctor, in 1987. In 1988, they had a son Jackson Kent, while she was serving as a member of the California State Assembly. Dr. Sierra died in a car accident in 1994 at the age of 53. At the time, Jackie was","psg_id":"5348604"},{"title":"Jackie Ferrara","text":"seating. In 1988, she created the work \"Belvedere\" at the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden. Other public works include the 250 seat \"Amphitheater\" (1999) at LACMA, the sixty-foot-high \"Stepped Tower\" (2000) at the University of Minnesota, and the 60-foot-long red and black granite \"Fountain\" (2006) at University of Houston. Ferrara married jazz musician Don Ferrara (second marriage) in 1955; they separated in 1957. Ferrara lived in Tuscany in 1959/1960. Jackie Ferrara Jackie Ferrara (born Jackie Hirschhorn on November 17, 1929, in Detroit, Michigan) is an American sculptor and draughtswoman best known for her pyramidal stacked structures. Her work is in the collection","psg_id":"16286182"},{"title":"Jackie (magazine)","text":"Jackie (magazine) Jackie was a weekly British magazine for girls. The magazine was published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd of Dundee from 11 January 1964 until its closure on 3 July 1993—a total of 1534 issues. The name was chosen from a list of girls' names, although it was nearly dropped due to the association with Jackie Kennedy following her husband's assassination in 1963. An urban legend exists that it was named after Jacqueline Wilson who worked there at the time, before she became a notable children's author. Although the author has attempted to perpetuate this claim, this","psg_id":"7343220"},{"title":"Hilary and Jackie","text":"hoping it will help her work through her nervous breakdown. This, however, ultimately drives a rift between the sisters as the affair becomes emotionally suffused. Jackie leaves and resumes touring, but yearns for a different life. From Jackie's perspective, Hilary chose a life with Kiffer over their relationship. While Jackie found solace in her marriage to Daniel, she began to notice a subtle yet progressive deterioration of her motor skills and hand-eye coordination. It had in fact been unspoken anxieties over her health that led to her previous visit to Hilary's. During a live performance, Jackie finds herself unable to","psg_id":"2626282"},{"title":"Jackie Dobbs","text":"son Tyrone (Alan Halsall), squatting in Curly Watts' (Kevin Kennedy) vacant premises. She became a factory worker for Mike Baldwin (Johnny Briggs), where she had numerous run-ins with Janice Battersby (Vicky Entwistle) over flirtations with Janice's husband Les Battersby (Bruce Jones). Jackie remained on the show for one year before leaving in the midst of a property feud with Curly, who had returned to Coronation Street to find her formally renting his house. Jackie fled back to Liverpool with her husband Darren (James McMartin), though Tyrone stayed behind as a lodger with Jack (Bill Tarmey) and Vera Duckworth (Liz Dawn).","psg_id":"12098894"},{"title":"Susan Kennedy","text":"wrote \"The gorgeous Karl and Susan are meant to be together. Every time they break up, it's like being torn limb from limb – and that's just for me.\" Susan Kennedy Susan Kennedy (also Smith and Kinski), is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Jackie Woodburne. The character and her family were created by storyliners in an attempt to bring the show back to its roots. Susan made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 3 October 1994, along with her eldest son and daughter. The storyliners made Susan a teacher at Erinsborough","psg_id":"7665211"},{"title":"Kerry Kennedy","text":"insisting that being a member of the Kennedy family had nothing to do with the jury's verdict, she did mention the Criminal Justice Act and its 50th anniversary, which she said \"my father passed as Attorney General to assure access to counsel for indigent criminal defendants.\" Kerry Kennedy Mary Kerry Kennedy (born September 8, 1959) is an American human rights activist, writer, and president of Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights. She is the seventh child and third daughter of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. During her 15-year marriage to now-New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, she was known as Kerry","psg_id":"15356481"},{"title":"Jackie Tour","text":"Jackie Tour The Jackie Tour is the fourth concert tour by American singer Ciara. The tour supported her sixth studio album, \"Jackie\". Harris posted on her social media accounts a string of concerts in New Zealand and Australia. Those appearances marked the singer's first performances in those territories, along with it being her first concert tour in 6 years. Although sales were strong, the opening dates of the tour proved to be disaterious. Many events were cancelled nearly minutes before the concert was to commence. Also, many spectators purchased meet & greet packages, of which Harris did not appear. The","psg_id":"18704584"},{"title":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)","text":"a steady schedule of live dates while working with Stern, recording \"Sgt. Pecker\", \"F Jackie\", and \"The Very Best of Jackie Martling's Talking Joke Book Cassettes, Vol. 1\". What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \"What Did You Expect?\" He released two more albums, 1980's \"Goin' Ape!\" and 1981's \"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\". Martling sent all three","psg_id":"14196352"},{"title":"Nancy Tuckerman","text":"own travel business before being asked by Jackie Kennedy to work for her in the White House after her husband was elected president. In 1963, Jackie Kennedy threw a surprise 35th birthday party for Tuckerman at the White House. When John F. Kennedy was assassinated, Tuckerman was responsible for responding to the thousands of letters that poured into the White House as condolences for Jackie Kennedy. These letters are now collectors items and are signed by Tuckerman. After leaving the White House, she remained the personal secretary to Jackie Kennedy until the latter's death in 1994. Tuckerman's personal papers reflecting","psg_id":"19808332"},{"title":"Jackie (2016 film)","text":"Hyannis Port regarding her husband's legacy. After some small talk and introductory questions, the journalist turns to inquiries about the assassination and its aftermath for Jackie and her family. Jackie expresses her emotional reaction to the events of the assassination and her interaction with members of the White House close to the President. Lyndon Johnson and his wife Lady Bird are seen comforting Jackie in the aftermath. Robert Kennedy soon appears to help her, in planning the funeral and looking after the family. Jackie is especially concerned for the well-being of the children in adjusting to the loss of their","psg_id":"19215845"},{"title":"Diana Kennedy","text":"Diana Kennedy Diana Kennedy (born 3 March 1923) is an authority on Mexican cooking known for her nine books on the subject, including \"The Cuisines of Mexico\", which started changing how Americans view Mexican cooking. Her work is the basis of much of the work of Mexican chefs in the United States. Her cookbooks are distinctive because they are based on her fifty years of traveling Mexico, interviewing and learning from cooks of all kinds in the country, and from just about every region. Her work has also documented native edible plants, which has been digitized by National Commission for","psg_id":"2004851"},{"title":"Jackie Tyler","text":"cameo appearances in \"Only Human\" by Gareth Roberts and \"The Stealers of Dreams\" by Steve Lyons published in September 2005. In \"Only Human\", a time-lost Neanderthal flirts with Jackie at a London nightclub before Captain Jack Harkness steers him away from her, feeling that Jackie would not appreciate further Doctor-related strangeness in her life. In \"The Stealers of Dreams\", Rose uses the \"superphone\" to call Jackie from a human colony world in the future. Jackie complains that Rose did not let her know she was going to be in Cardiff during her recent visit to that city. Jackie appears in","psg_id":"4995144"},{"title":"Ellen Marriage","text":"by marriage to Millicent Fawcett and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, and showed interest in the women's suffrage movement. She did some work for the suffragist newspaper \"Common Cause\". Ellen Marriage Ellen Marriage (26 August 1865 – 23 December 1946) was an English translator from French, notably of Balzac's novels. She put an effort into readability and accuracy that was unusual in translators of her period. Marriage was born in Stratford, Essex, into the Quaker family of James Haworth Marriage (1839–1913), a confectionery maker, and his wife, Mary, née Brookfield (1835–1899). All four children were sent to Quaker schools – she and","psg_id":"14847580"},{"title":"Jackie Appiah","text":"Screen Actors Awards (PAMSAA) 2013 which was held in Abuja. Appiah’s face can be seen on many billboards and TV commercials in Ghana including a GSMF advert on protection against HIV AIDS. She won the face of U.B in a promotion she did for them on TV commercials and she is currently the face of IPMC for commercials and billboards. \"GSMF \" was her first TV commercial. Jackie Appiah Jackie Agyemang Appiah (born 5 December 1983) is a Canadian-born Ghanaian actress. For her work as an actress, she has received several awards and nominations, including the awards for \"Best Actress","psg_id":"9836659"},{"title":"Jackie Tyler","text":"attends her parents' marriage, in which Pete is unable to recite Jackie's full name, Jacqueline Andrea Suzette Prentice, and after then travelling ahead to 1987, learns that her father was a failed entrepreneur and that her parents' marriage had been stormy; Jackie suspects Pete is an adulterer and also threatens him with divorce. In the 2005 series finale, \"The Parting of the Ways\", Jackie is glad to have Rose home after the Doctor returns her to the 21st century from the far future in order to protect her. She is persuaded to help return Rose to save the Doctor after","psg_id":"4995138"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"the 2011 miniseries \"The Kennedys\", set during the Kennedy presidency and its 2017 sequel \"\", focusing on her life after 1968. Mary McNamara and Hank Stuever regarded Holmes' performance with neutrality in their reviews of \"The Kennedys\" while Hadley Freeman called her \"bloodless\" in the role. Holmes stated reprising the role was a \"bigger challenge\" for having to act through later periods of Kennedy's life. When asked of the concurrent \"Jackie\" film, Holmes said, \"I think its really exciting. It's just is a testament to how amazing Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis was and how much she meant to our country.\" Holmes","psg_id":"741898"},{"title":"Jackie Marone","text":"remain very much in love, despite the occasional rough spots. However their marriage is in real trouble now because of Owen cheating on Jackie by having a one-night stand with Bridget, which resulted in the birth of his & Bridget's son Logan on September 3, 2010. In October 2010, Rick Forrester, Bridget's older brother, makes his interest in Jackie known to her & begins pursuing her especially after Nick fired Jackie, Owen & Bridget from Jackie M Designs. Even though Jackie is interested, she makes it clear to Rick that she is married to Owen. Rick had no intention of","psg_id":"8097750"},{"title":"Jackie Hill-Perry","text":"certain sins, it's not, 'Oh, I'm just doing this because I want to.' No, what in this sin do you think will satisfy me that God can't? It makes my processing of my issues a lot deeper, and it's also expanded my view of God. Jackie Hill-Perry has written for various Christian ministry organizations, focusing on reconciling issues of homosexuality with Christianity. Among these are her articles \"Love Letter to a Lesbian\", written for Desiring God, a ministry of John Piper, and \"A Christian Response to the Same-Sex Marriage Ruling\", for The Resurgence, a ministry of Mars Hill Church. Jackie","psg_id":"18368950"},{"title":"Ten Years of Marriage","text":"was considered a xiaojie (someone of poor standing), before she married Xu Chongxian. Her new husband is from a big feudal family. He is called Shaoye (young master), by the family servants. The novel begins with an official notice of their marriage in a newspaper. The characters in this work are as follows: Ten Years of Marriage Ten Years of Marriage (结婚十年) is a 1943 Chinese novel written by Su Qing 苏青 (1914–1982). Owing to her authentic descriptions of sexual psychology, Su Qing was described as a bold female writer and her work received mixed praise. \"Ten Years of Marriage\"","psg_id":"15984125"},{"title":"Jackie Fairweather","text":"it was announced that Fairweather had committed suicide at the age of 46 on 1 November 2014, nine days before her 47th birthday. Her death led to many former athletes recognizing her achievements. Her Australian triathlon rival in the 1990s, Emma Carney said \"Jackie was a perfectionist and I think perhaps Jackie never really appreciated – or realised – all that she achieved. It wasn't just the races she won, or the sports she excelled in – Jackie was a pioneer in Australian triathlon coaching and administration.\" Emma Snowsill, 2008 Beijing Olympics Women's Triathlon gold medalist commented that \"You shared","psg_id":"8652767"},{"title":"Thomas Fortescue Kennedy","text":"in his painting \"The Fighting Temeraire tugged to her last Berth to be broken up, 1838\". Kennedy's commission did not long outlive \"Temeraire\"s. He left his post at Sheerness in 1838 and went into retirement, dying on 15 May 1846. Kennedy married twice. His first marriage took place on 2 October 1806 to Louisa Adlam. The marriage produced two sons who survived him, both of whom entered the military and became officers: George Kennedy served in the Royal Artillery, and his brother Hugh Kennedy served in the Royal Marines. Kennedy remarried on 2 October 1834 to Hannah Kennedy, the widow","psg_id":"15978042"},{"title":"Jackie (2016 film)","text":"books, and listening to audiotapes of her interviews. She also read around twenty of her \"pulpy\" biographies, which she did not consider high literature. Her primary source was the seven-part eight-and-a-half-hour \"Life\" magazine interview conducted in the early part of 1964, by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. with Kennedy. One of three interviews she gave following her husband's assassination, it was kept private throughout her life. Portman said she was intimidated at first, and her initial knowledge of Kennedy was just a \"superficial understanding of [Kennedy] as a fashion plate.\" But through playing her in the film, Portman gained a deeper","psg_id":"19215851"},{"title":"John F. Kennedy","text":"Jackie Kennedy to Paris.\" On June 4, 1961, the president met with Khrushchev in Vienna and left the meetings angry and disappointed that he had allowed the premier to bully him, despite the warnings he had received. Khrushchev, for his part, was impressed with the president's intelligence, but thought him weak. Kennedy did succeed in conveying the bottom line to Khrushchev on the most sensitive issue before them, a proposed treaty between Moscow and East Berlin. He made it clear that any treaty interfering with U.S access rights in West Berlin would be regarded as an act of war. Shortly","psg_id":"7796909"},{"title":"Looking for Jackie","text":"he is captured and the officer is wounded badly. Zhang takes her to the hospital where she is saved and Zhang is returned to his grandparents. After arguing with his grandmother, he goes to a film studio where he is cast as an extra and soon thrown out. Meanwhile, his grandmother asks Jackie to meet her grandson, to which he agrees. Zhang is brought to the studio by Jackie where Zhang sees Jackie fight and after a little chat, he is returned home by Jackie and he tells Zhang to study hard. At the end Zhang passes his exam and","psg_id":"14908241"},{"title":"Betty Kennedy","text":"1982. Betty Kennedy Betty Margaret Hannah Kennedy, (January 4, 1926 – March 20, 2017) was a Canadian broadcaster, journalist, author, and Senator, who is best known for her work on radio and television. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, the daughter of Walter Herbert Styran and Janet Kincaid (McPhee) Styran, Kennedy graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute, and began her career with the \"Ottawa Citizen\". She became a broadcaster, as a host of a local radio show, during a newspaper strike. She was soon hired away by CFRB in Toronto where she became host of \"The Betty Kennedy Show\" in 1959;","psg_id":"4587489"},{"title":"Betty Kennedy","text":"Betty Kennedy Betty Margaret Hannah Kennedy, (January 4, 1926 – March 20, 2017) was a Canadian broadcaster, journalist, author, and Senator, who is best known for her work on radio and television. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, the daughter of Walter Herbert Styran and Janet Kincaid (McPhee) Styran, Kennedy graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute, and began her career with the \"Ottawa Citizen\". She became a broadcaster, as a host of a local radio show, during a newspaper strike. She was soon hired away by CFRB in Toronto where she became host of \"The Betty Kennedy Show\" in 1959; the","psg_id":"4587485"},{"title":"Jackie Hyland","text":"correspondent work for CNBC's \"High Net Worth\" and \"The Business of Innovation\", before anchoring for ABC News Now. Hyland returned to WPIX as a weekend anchor then general reporter before leaving in April 2011. On September 20, 2011 she joined WRAL-TV in Raleigh, NC as an evening anchor. She left WRAL in June, 2015. Jackie Hyland Jackie Hyland, born in New York City, is a television anchor. Hyland lived for 10 years in Drumshanbo, County Leitrim, Ireland as a child where she was proficient in Irish folk song and dance, appeared in several Irish magazines and newspapers and did runway","psg_id":"6866965"},{"title":"Jackie Shane","text":"with her in the mid 1990s. This news was relayed to a small number of her old musician friends, a couple of whom contacted her. One, Steve Kennedy, discussed with Shane the possibility of organizing and staging a reunion concert, but this never materialized — the next time Kennedy called the same phone number, it had been reassigned to somebody else who had never heard of Shane. CBC Radio's \"Inside the Music\" aired a documentary feature, \"I Got Mine: The Story of Jackie Shane\", in 2010. At the time, nobody involved in the documentary, the executive producer of which was","psg_id":"18888664"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"Kennedy Library in Boston, Massachusetts, and the dresses of her attendants were created by designer Ann Lowe of New York City. The newlyweds honeymooned in Acapulco, Mexico, before settling in their new home, Hickory Hill in McLean, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Kennedy developed a warm relationship with her in-laws, Joseph and Rose Kennedy. In the early years of their marriage, the couple faced several personal setbacks. John Kennedy suffered from Addison's Disease and from chronic and at times debilitating back pain, which had been exacerbated by a war injury; in late 1954, he underwent a near-fatal spinal operation.","psg_id":"741829"},{"title":"Jackie Tyler","text":"fact her marriage is deteriorating, denies turning forty and chastises Rose for speaking to her whilst posing as staff. Rose and the parallel universe Pete try to save her when the Cybermen invade, but she is killed during the attack. In \"Love & Monsters\", Jackie expresses how hard and lonely it has been to be left behind by her daughter. After learning a romantic interest, Elton Pope (Marc Warren), only befriended her to track Rose and the Doctor, Jackie, she throws him out of her house, stating a priority to defend the Doctor and Rose. In \"Army of Ghosts\" Jackie","psg_id":"4995140"},{"title":"Jackie Marone","text":"came out as did Jackie's prior knowledge of the baby's paternity, which greatly strained her relationship with Nick and nearly destroyed her marriage to Massimo who had supported Nick's relationship with Brooke thinking Nick was the father. This caused Ridge to turn his back on Massimo and started a war between Ridge and Nick with Massimo caught in the middle and losing his eldest son Ridge. Around the same time Jackie began an affair with Deacon Sharpe and used him to conduct the second paternity test. The affair was soon discovered by Massimo who had a massive stroke as a","psg_id":"8097735"},{"title":"Madge Kennedy","text":"a business trip to South America. He was a member of the New York banking firm of Bennett, Bolster & Coghill. Bolster was 38 and a veteran of World War I. Kennedy inherited more than $500,000 when he died. She wed William B. Hanley, Jr., in Kingman, Arizona, on August 13, 1934. Hanley was an actor and radio personality. The couple resided in Los Angeles, California. Kennedy retired temporarily after her marriage before returning to work in entertainment. The couple would remain married until Hanley's death in 1959. She enjoyed outdoor activities such as playing golf, horseback riding and driving","psg_id":"8188546"},{"title":"Diana Kennedy","text":"Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity. Due to her style of work, Kennedy has been called a \"culinary anthropologist\" and has self-identified as an \"ethno-gastronomer\". Kennedy has received numerous awards for her work, including the Order of the Aztec Eagle from the Mexican government and was appointed an Member of the Order of the British Empire. Kennedy was born Diana Southwood in Loughton, Essex, in the southeast of England. Her father was a salesman, and her mother was a schoolteacher who loved nature and wanted to live quietly in the countryside. Kennedy did not attend college because of World War II,","psg_id":"2004852"},{"title":"Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy","text":"for Cambridge, Lapovsky married Perry Kennedy, a beatnik and writer. Through her marriage to Perry Kennedy, who had more radical leanings developed in Putney work camp, Kennedy became involved with the anti Vietnam-war movement in England. Together, Liz and Perry developed a lifelong commitment to social activism. Extensive research and fieldwork of the Waunan people in the Chocó provence, Colombia led to her 1972 Ph.D. in social anthropology from Cambridge University. While at Cambridge, Kennedy produced three documentary films on the indigenous peoples of South America allowing her to later consult with both the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and ITV","psg_id":"14041694"},{"title":"Just Before Dawn (1981 film)","text":"Just Before Dawn (1981 film) Just Before Dawn is a 1981 American independent slasher film directed by Jeff Lieberman, and starring Chris Lemmon, Gregg Henry, Deborah Benson, Jamie Rose, and George Kennedy. The film follows a group of hikers who travel into the Oregon mountains to visit property inherited by one of them, only to be hunted by a ruthless backwoods killer. The film was shot in the Silver Falls State Park in Silverton, Oregon. Despite not being a commercial success when released, the film received positive reviews, with many praising the atmosphere and cinematography. The film has gained a","psg_id":"10111895"},{"title":"Just Before Dawn (1981 film)","text":"Just Before Dawn (1981 film) Just Before Dawn is a 1981 American independent slasher film directed by Jeff Lieberman, and starring Chris Lemmon, Gregg Henry, Deborah Benson, Jamie Rose, and George Kennedy. The film follows a group of hikers who travel into the Oregon mountains to visit property inherited by one of them, only to be hunted by a ruthless backwoods killer. The film was shot in the Silver Falls State Park in Silverton, Oregon. Despite not being a commercial success when released, the film received positive reviews, with many praising the atmosphere and cinematography. The film has gained a","psg_id":"10111879"},{"title":"Michael Kennedy (music critic)","text":"was married twice. His first wife was Eslyn Durdle, who suffered from multiple sclerosis for approximately fifty years. Their marriage lasted from 1947 until her death in 1999. His second wife was Joyce Bourne, a physician whom Kennedy had met in 1976. Eslyn accepted Joyce, and only asked that he continue to look after her. He did so for 23 more years, marrying Joyce only after Eslyn's death in 1999. Bourne and Kennedy married in 1999, after the death of Eslyn. Their own marriage lasted until Kennedy's death. Bourne served as Kennedy's associate editor for his various editions of \"The","psg_id":"11182057"},{"title":"Jackie Burkhart","text":"(true to form, the breakup doesn't stick and they reunite one episode later). In the season four finale, Jackie and Kelso both agree that they don't want to stay broken up. So, Jackie has Kelso choose to kiss any girl at The Hub to make things even between them and they can move on and be together again. Kelso surprises Jackie when he pretends to look around the room, but ends up choosing to kiss her. Jackie decides that it's time for Kelso to really choose her. Without warning, she brings up marriage to Kelso and decides that they're getting","psg_id":"5273779"},{"title":"Jackie Biskupski","text":"Jackie Biskupski Jackie Biskupski (born January 11, 1966) is an American Democratic politician, and the Mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah. Upon taking office, Biskupski became Salt Lake City's 35th mayor, the city's first openly gay mayor, and the second female mayor (after Deedee Corradini). She is a former member of the Utah House of Representatives, representing the 30th District in Salt Lake County from 1999 to 2011. One of four siblings raised in Hastings, Minnesota, Biskupski, of Polish-American descent, says that her Catholic parents, Marvin and Arlene Biskupski, named her after former First Lady Jacqueline \"Jackie\" Kennedy Onassis. While","psg_id":"4523436"},{"title":"Jackie Marone","text":"giving up on her no matter what but realizes that it just wasn't worth it in the end. Jackie asked Owen to meet up with Bridget in Hawaii, where she enables Owen to realize his love for his son Logan and Bridget. Jackie sorrowfully asked Owen for a divorce, and Owen went to Bridget. In October 2011, Jackie moves closer again to Eric. They share more kisses but in the end Eric chooses Stephanie and this has angered Jackie. In November 2011, Nick receives an anonymous message from a woman which says to meet him in the sauna of Jackie","psg_id":"8097751"},{"title":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)","text":"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \"What Did You Expect?\" He released two more albums, 1980's \"Goin' Ape!\" and 1981's \"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\". Martling sent all three records to fledgling New York City disk jockey Howard Stern. By 1986, he was a full-time member of Stern's show, later becoming the program's head writer. Martling maintained","psg_id":"14196351"},{"title":"Which Lie Did I Tell?","text":"Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \"Adventures in the Screen Trade\". Originally to be called \"The Big Campfire\", the inspiration for the title came when Goldman was in the office of a Hollywood producer who was talking on the phone to one of his associates. Suddenly he cupped his hands over the receiver, snapped his fingers and said “Bill, Bill! Which lie did I tell?” The book","psg_id":"6355609"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"Taylor-Isherwood, Emily VanCamp, and Joanne Whalley portray Onassis in the 2000 television miniseries \"Jackie Bouvier Kennedy Onassis\", covering chronologically her entire life. Whalley prepared for the role by listening to recordings of Kennedy's voice along with working with a dialect coach; by the end of production, she developed an attachment to Kennedy. Laura Fries assessed Whalley as lacking Kennedy's charisma despite being \"soulful and regal\" in her own right while Ron Wertheimer viewed Whalley as being passive in the role and lamented \"the filmmakers render Jackie as Forrest Gump in a pillbox hat, someone who keeps passing close to the","psg_id":"741894"},{"title":"Jackie Brown","text":"the blaxploitation genre, just like \"Foxy Brown\" and \"Coffy\". Tarantino wanted Pam Grier to play the title character. She previously read for the \"Pulp Fiction\" character Jody, but Tarantino did not believe audiences would find it plausible for Eric Stoltz to yell at her. Grier did not expect Tarantino to contact her after the success of \"Pulp Fiction\". When she showed up to read for \"Jackie Brown\", Tarantino had posters of her films in his office. She asked if he had put them up because she was coming to read for his film, and he responded that he was actually","psg_id":"2399223"},{"title":"Merna Kennedy","text":"in 1934 when she married choreographer/director Busby Berkeley. Their marriage broke up a year later. Kennedy died of a heart attack, aged 36, four days after her marriage to Master Sergeant Forrest Brayton. Merna Kennedy Merna Kennedy (born Maude Kahler; September 7, 1908 – December 20, 1944) was an American actress of the late silent era and the transitional period into talkies. Kennedy was best known during her brief career for her role opposite Charlie Chaplin in the silent film \"The Circus\" (1928). Kennedy was brought to the attention of Chaplin by her friend Lita Grey, who became Chaplin's second","psg_id":"5821202"},{"title":"Jackie Tonawanda","text":"Jackie Tonawanda Jackie Tonawanda, dubbed \"the Female Ali\" Born Jackie Garrett in New York on Sept. 4, 1933, was a pioneer female heavyweight boxer from the 1970s and 1980s. Tonawanda was a well-known figure in the sport and was featured in many newspaper articles and magazines. In 1975, Jackie sued the New York State Athletic Commission. Jackie Tonawanda went to court against then-boxing commissioner Edwin Dooley, who refused to grant her a license because state law had discriminated against women from professional fighting. The upshot was that the judge scolded the commission for \"continuing attitudes espoused a century ago.\" The","psg_id":"19569418"},{"title":"Jackie Joseph","text":"included on the 2012 DVD release of the series. In the early 1980s, Joseph helped form an organization for celebrity wives overcoming divorce. The group, which included Lynn Landon, Patti Palmer Lewis, and Carol Lawrence, went on talk shows (such as \"The Phil Donahue Show\") discussing the foibles of celebrity split-ups. In recent years she has been heavily involved with the Screen Actors Guild as well as organizations providing care for stray animals. She has been a columnist for Toluca Lake's newspaper, \"The Tolucan Times\", in which her signature sign off was \"We'll talk.\" Jackie Joseph Sammie Jacqueline “Jackie” Joseph","psg_id":"5833201"},{"title":"Ellen J. Kennedy","text":"Against Women. Kennedy has also written articles for the Minneapolis Star Tribune. Her most recent article, “How hateful rhetoric can turn deadly,” was printed on April 18, 2016. She also contributes to the MinnPost regularly. Her last article, “Nicosia: Peace advocates in a divided city,” was published on August 5, 2016. Kennedy contributed to Minnesota Public Radio between 2010 and 2012. Her last article, “To limit freedom of marriage is an impulse felt by the worst of governments,” was issued on October 11, 2012. Kennedy’s advocacy work was featured in the Minnesota Women’s Press in July 2016. Ellen J. Kennedy","psg_id":"15250633"},{"title":"Just Before Losing Everything","text":"the other cars. He drives away, and they run across the parking lot to Miriam’s sister’s car. In the last shot, a car which may or may not be Antoine's turns to follow them. Just Before Losing Everything Just Before Losing Everything (original title Avant que de tout perdre) is a 2013 short film by French film maker Xavier Legrand. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. The film follows the day in the life of a woman who has decided to leave her abusive husband. The story was continued (with the same actors","psg_id":"17843178"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"children remained in the White House for two weeks following the assassination. Wanting to \"do something nice for Jackie,\" President Johnson offered an ambassadorship to France to her, aware of her heritage and fondness for the country's culture, but she turned the offer down, as well as follow-up offers of ambassadorships to Mexico and the United Kingdom. At her request, Johnson renamed the Florida space center the John F. Kennedy Space Center a week after the assassination. Kennedy later publicly praised Johnson for his kindness to her. Kennedy spent 1964 in mourning and made few public appearances. In the winter","psg_id":"741861"},{"title":"Jackie Reid","text":"Robbie Ross, a close friend, share a tender moment following a slow dance and she momentarily questions her devotion to Brian before marrying him at the end of the episode. She glances at Robbie seconds before reciting 'and forsaking all others' during her vows. Jackie had a special (platonic) relationship with DCI Michael Jardine (James MacPherson) throughout their time together on the Taggart team. She was seriously affected by his murder in 2002 and this contributed to the breakdown of her marriage. She struggles to get along with their new boss, DCI Matthew 'Matt' Burke (Alex Norton) as he couldn't","psg_id":"13273438"},{"title":"Jackie Marone","text":"result but with the help of his sons recovered. Massimo embarked on a revenge plan against Deacon eventually driving Deacon back into alcoholism and rehab. Massimo divorced Jackie giving her a huge settlement including Jackie M Designs but after Brooke married Nick and Jackie continued to support the marriage, Massimo used his connections with the FBI in Washington D.C. to have Jackie arrested on false charges of tax evasion, money laundering, and tax fraud. Nick later convinced Massimo to release her but also was able to convince the Marone board to replace Massimo as CEO with Nick. Massimo soon left","psg_id":"8097736"},{"title":"Which Lie Did I Tell?","text":"how stories are written and films are made. Sprinkled throughout is his advice for future screenwriters. In the second section, he analyzes classic film sequences, setting each scene, quoting excerpts from the screenplays, and then explaining what made them great. Finally, the author offers story ideas and examines their potential for the big screen.\" Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \"Adventures in the Screen Trade\". Originally to","psg_id":"6355616"},{"title":"Looking for Jackie","text":"is respected by other students. He calls Jackie to tell him about his result but no one replies. Everyone begins to doubt him whether he met Jackie or not but after a few moments a picture is received by Zhang which was promised by Jackie that if he would pass his exam Jackie would send him the picture. Looking for Jackie Looking for Jackie () is a 2009 film directed by Gangliang Fang and Ping Jiang and written by Xuan Hua and Jiamin Wu. It is an action and family film, which tells the story of a young boy, Zhang","psg_id":"14908242"},{"title":"Kerry Kennedy","text":"pushed in a wheelchair inside the Westchester County Courthouse and was accompanied by her sons Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. and Douglas Harriman Kennedy. Kennedy's attorney Gerald Lefcourt told jurors that while she did not expect her famous name to give her any advantages, Kennedy should not be punished for it either. Kennedy admitted to having been in a car wreck 18 months before the incident, as well as suffering a head injury that required medication. Kennedy was acquitted of the charges on February 28, 2014. \"You have to wonder why this ill-advised prosecution was brought,\" Lefcourt said after the verdict.","psg_id":"15356479"},{"title":"Just Before Nightfall","text":"of 4 stars: Mike Sutton of \"The Digital Fix\": Just Before Nightfall Just Before Nightfall () is a 1971 film written and directed by Claude Chabrol, based on the novel \"The Thin Line\" by Edward Atiyah. Audran won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her role at the 27th British Academy Film Awards. Charles Masson (Bouquet), an advertising account executive, is having an affair with Laura (Douking), the wife of his best friend, world-renowned architect François Tellier (Périer). Their sex life consists of sadomasochistic behavior, and in one of their heated sessions, Charles accidentally strangles","psg_id":"15862479"},{"title":"Just Before Nightfall","text":"Just Before Nightfall Just Before Nightfall () is a 1971 film written and directed by Claude Chabrol, based on the novel \"The Thin Line\" by Edward Atiyah. Audran won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her role at the 27th British Academy Film Awards. Charles Masson (Bouquet), an advertising account executive, is having an affair with Laura (Douking), the wife of his best friend, world-renowned architect François Tellier (Périer). Their sex life consists of sadomasochistic behavior, and in one of their heated sessions, Charles accidentally strangles Laura. Completely confused, Charles leaves the borrowed apartment in","psg_id":"15862477"},{"title":"Just Awearyin' for You","text":"to the key of C, \"Just Awearyin' for You\" appears in Mel Bay's \"Modern Guitar Method Grade 6\". Along with \"I Love You Truly\" and \"A Perfect Day\", \"Just Awearyin' for You\" forms the triumvirate of works for which Jacobs-Bond is remembered. A dedicatory phrase \"To F. B.\" atop the musical score (on p. 3 of the sheet music) refers to her second husband, Frederic Bond. Prior to publication with her tune, Jacobs-Bond was unaware that the lyrics were written by Stanton; she thought them anonymous as indicated in the Chicago newspaper from which she took them. Once the oversight","psg_id":"13684080"},{"title":"Jackie Hyland","text":"Jackie Hyland Jackie Hyland, born in New York City, is a television anchor. Hyland lived for 10 years in Drumshanbo, County Leitrim, Ireland as a child where she was proficient in Irish folk song and dance, appeared in several Irish magazines and newspapers and did runway work.. After high school she moved to Dublin where she modeled for \"The Brand Agency\". She returned to New York where she attended St. John's University where she earned a degree in communications with a minor in business. She began her broadcasting career at ABC's \"Good Morning America\". She subsequently worked at News12 Long","psg_id":"6866963"},{"title":"Jackie O (opera)","text":"\"All His Bright Light\" \"I Will See You At The Lido\" Scene 2 (On Skorpios) \"The Flame Duet\" \"Smash His Camera!\" \"Jack's Song\" \"The New Frontier Is Here\" Jackie O (opera) Jackie O is a chamber opera in two acts composed by Michael Daugherty to a libretto by Wayne Koestenbaum. The 90-minute work, commissioned by Houston Grand Opera in 1995 and premiered in 1997, is inspired by American musical and popular culture of the late 1960s and episodes in the life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. \"Jackie O\" received its first performance in the Cullen Theater, Houston, Texas, on March 14,","psg_id":"12168980"},{"title":"Jackie O (opera)","text":"Jackie O (opera) Jackie O is a chamber opera in two acts composed by Michael Daugherty to a libretto by Wayne Koestenbaum. The 90-minute work, commissioned by Houston Grand Opera in 1995 and premiered in 1997, is inspired by American musical and popular culture of the late 1960s and episodes in the life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. \"Jackie O\" received its first performance in the Cullen Theater, Houston, Texas, on March 14, 1997 with a second performance on March 16, 1997, both conducted by Christopher Larkin. The opera's Canadian premiere took place on August 7, 1997 at the Banff Centre","psg_id":"12168973"},{"title":"Jackie Burkhart","text":"friends discover the relationship, they each insist that they are not dating and that it is purely physical, but finally give in and admit that what they have goes deeper than just sex. They date for most of season five until Jackie sees Kelso kissing Annette and yells \"Get off my boyfriend!\" Hyde reacts angrily to this and grows suspicious of Jackie. When he sees Jackie holding Kelso in her arms, knowing Jackie and Kelso's long history and on-off relationship, Hyde assumes that something must be going on between her and Kelso again. Despite her pleas that she was only","psg_id":"5273786"},{"title":"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work","text":"was also countered by Robert F. Scuka, who argued that \"a careful reading of the Hahlweg et al. (1984) study reveals that Gottman cites only certain (one-sided) results from the study. He also overlooks several important considerations that call into question his implied dismissal of the RE model as a legitimate therapeutic intervention for distressed couples.\" The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work, by John Gottman is a book that sets forth what it describes as seven principles that can guide toward a harmonious and long-lasting relationship. The book attempts to debunk a","psg_id":"18180687"},{"title":"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work","text":"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work, by John Gottman is a book that sets forth what it describes as seven principles that can guide toward a harmonious and long-lasting relationship. The book attempts to debunk a number of what it describes as myths about marriages and why they fail. The seven principles Gottman sets out are for the partners to enhance their love maps; nurture fondness and admiration; turn toward each other instead of away; let their partner influence them; solve their solvable problems; overcome gridlock; and create shared meaning. The book","psg_id":"18180677"},{"title":"Cyril Kennedy","text":"the re-taking of Authie Kennedy received shrapnel from a Nebelwerfer rocket in his right arm which required amputation. Despite this injury, after the war Kennedy resumed work as a carpenter. He was first elected at the Colchester—Hants riding in the 1957 general election, then re-elected there in 1958, 1962, 1963 and 1965. On 17 September 1967, Kennedy left the House of Commons before the end of his term in the 27th Canadian Parliament and did not campaign for any further re-election. He resigned his seat for Robert Stanfield who had not secure a seat in 1965, the recently elected Leader","psg_id":"12405124"},{"title":"Just Before I Go","text":"former \"Friends\" star clearly wanted something special, but sadly the result is ... this.\" In one of the few positive reviews the film received, Gary Goldstein of the \"Los Angeles Times\" wrote, \"Anchored by a nicely understated performance by Seann William Scott, \"Just Before I Go\" effectively juggles a wealth of genuine, at times profound, emotion with quite a bit of nutty-raunchy humor.\" Just Before I Go Just Before I Go, previously entitled Hello I Must Be Going, is a 2014 black comedy drama film directed by Courteney Cox, in her second directorial effort (following her debut with the Lifetime","psg_id":"17458300"},{"title":"Jackie Blue (band)","text":"Libertiny—Bass, keyboards, backing vocals Rick Schneider—Lead drums Other Members Rick Schneider—Drums (during \"Reloaded era\") David Dupuie—Drums (during \"Reloaded era\") 2001: Behind Me 2002: Complexification: Part II 2006: City Nights-Live, the Princess Mix 1. Biography & History of Jackie Blue. www.JackieBlue.com 2. Just Plain Folks. www.jpfolks.com 3. The Aquarian newspaper, by J.J. Koczan, New York and New Jersey Jackie Blue (band) Jackie Blue is a Detroit-based band that combines the elements of funk and rock music into what is termed \"Funk n Roll.\" The band was formed in 2000 in Detroit, Michigan, United States. They are widely known for their singles","psg_id":"10896005"},{"title":"The Jackie Thomas Show","text":"order to play his wife on \"Tom\", replacing another actress who had already begun work. \"Tom\" did not garner high ratings and was cancelled in May 1994. In November 1994, Tom and Roseanne Arnold divorced. \"Roseanne\" remained on ABC until the show's finale in 1997. The Jackie Thomas Show The Jackie Thomas Show is an American sitcom that aired on the ABC network from December 1992 to March 1993. The series received widespread attention due to its creators Roseanne Arnold, then starring in the fifth season of her comedy \"Roseanne\", and her husband and \"Roseanne\" co-producer Tom Arnold. \"The Jackie","psg_id":"10885330"},{"title":"Just Before Losing Everything","text":"Just Before Losing Everything Just Before Losing Everything (original title Avant que de tout perdre) is a 2013 short film by French film maker Xavier Legrand. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. The film follows the day in the life of a woman who has decided to leave her abusive husband. The story was continued (with the same actors playing the mother, father, and daughter) in Legrand's feature-length follow-up, Custody. A small boy (Julien) leaves his house and walks down the street. He runs into his teacher and tells her he is going","psg_id":"17843175"},{"title":"Carolyn Bessette-Kennedy","text":"take pictures for her portfolio. Although her modelling career did not prove to be profitable, she did appear on the cover of Boston University's calendar, \"The Girls of B.U.\" After college and until her marriage to Kennedy, Bessette worked for Calvin Klein Ltd, a high-end American fashion house. During her successful career there, she went from being a saleswoman in Boston's Chestnut Hill Mall to becoming the director of publicity for the company's flagship store in Manhattan. While working for Klein in Boston, Bessette was noticed by Susan Sokol, a travelling sales coordinator for the company. Sokol, impressed with Bessette's","psg_id":"15360649"},{"title":"Hilary and Jackie","text":"mutual love of music. Her eventual conversion to Judaism and subsequent marriage to Daniel garners significant publicity. Later, Jackie arrives unannounced at Hilary and Kiffer's home, inexplicably forgoing scheduled engagements she has in Los Angeles. She confides to Hilary that she wants to have sex with Kiffer, and makes attempts to seduce him. The next day, Hilary finds Jackie stripped naked in the woods in the midst of an emotional breakdown. Daniel arrives and attempts to console her, but she is indifferent to him. Jackie remains at Hilary's home, and Hilary consents to Jackie having a sexual encounter with Kiffer,","psg_id":"2626281"},{"title":"John Patrick Kennedy","text":"John Patrick Kennedy John Patrick Kennedy (7 June 1926 – 20 March 1994) was a New Zealand Catholic journalist who served as the editor of the weekly Catholic newspaper \"The New Zealand Tablet\" from 1967 to 1989. Born in Methven, Canterbury, Kennedy was educated at St Bede's College and at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch. He also worked as a journalist for several newspapers including the \"Christchurch Star-Sun\" and the Melbourne-based \"The Herald\", before returning to New Zealand to become the editor of \"The Tablet\" in Dunedin. During his work as a journalist, he won several awards including the","psg_id":"17377511"},{"title":"Jackie Sencion","text":"Jackie Sencion Jackie Sencion, is the founder and CEO of La Lumia—a longstanding boutique TriBeCa. Jackie, a Fashion Institute of Technology graduate, has been designing and featuring her designs in her boutique since 1985. Sencion was born in the Dominican Republic and moved to New York City with her mother and sister in 1969. Before opening La Lumia, Jackie utilized her skills in various domestic apparel and import companies that involved massive globe-trotting. Her travels not only served her in her role as design liaison for clothing vendors but also got her involved with the different fashion scenes of Milan,","psg_id":"13386251"},{"title":"Mark Kennedy (musician)","text":"\"Love Sides\" (May 1983). Kennedy and Hines were engaged by November 1976 but did not marry. Hines' highest charting single was \"You\" (written by Tom Snow), which reached No. 2 on the Kent Music Report singles charts in October 1977. Her producer-manager, Robie Porter, had put it into his \"don't use\" pile; Kennedy saw the sheet music in the studio and began arguing the song's worth to Porter. Porter subsequently changed his mind about it. Aside from musical assistance Kennedy also designed Hines' performance costumes. Outside of his work for Hines, Kennedy also rejoined McGuire and Parkinson in early 1978","psg_id":"18921708"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"Kim Allen portrays Kennedy in the 2016 film \"LBJ\". Ray Bennett noted in his review of the film that Allen was in a non-speaking role. Natalie Portman portrays Kennedy in the 2016 film \"Jackie\", set during the JFK presidency and the immediate aftermath of the assassination. Portman admitted being intimidated taking the role and doing research in preparation for filming. Nigel M. Smith wrote that by portraying Kennedy, Portman was \"taking on arguably the biggest challenge of her career\". Manohla Dargis, David Edelstein, and Peter Bradshaw praised her performance. Portman was nominated for Best Actress by Academy Awards, AACTA Awards,","psg_id":"741901"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"center of things without really touching -- or being touched by -- very much.\" Stephanie Romanov portrays Kennedy in the 2000 film \"Thirteen Days\", taking place during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Philip French of \"The Guardian\" noted her small role and being out of \"the loop\" was accurate of women's roles in \"the early Sixties\". Laura Clifford called Romanov \"unconvincing\" in the role. Jill Hennessy portrays Kennedy in the 2001 television film \"Jackie, Ethel, Joan: The Women of Camelot\". Hennessy prepared for the performance by watching hours of archival footage of Kennedy and cited one of the reasons for her","psg_id":"741895"},{"title":"Robert F. Kennedy","text":"his first public speech at the placing of a cornerstone for a youth club in England. According to embassy and newspaper reports, his statements were pencilled in his own hand and were delivered in a \"calm and confident\" manner. Bobby returned to the United States just before the outbreak of World War II in Europe. In September 1939, Kennedy began eighth grade at St. Paul's School, an elite Protestant private preparatory school for boys in Concord, New Hampshire, that his father favored. Rose Kennedy was unhappy with the school's use of the Protestant Bible. After two months, she took advantage","psg_id":"12924024"},{"title":"Viva Kennedy Campaign","text":"Ricans and Mexican Americans in the first televised presidential debate against Richard Nixon. Additionally, John F. Kennedy’s wife, Jackie Onassis Kennedy, spoke Spanish and created campaign commercials in Spanish for her husband to help reach out to Spanish-speaking voters. The Viva Kennedy Clubs sought to register Mexican Americans to vote, deliver a pro-Kennedy message across the Southwest, raise the profile of Mexican-American voters, show the media that Mexican-Americans are an important voting group in the November 1960 election, and most importantly gain the Mexican-American vote for Kennedy in the 1960 election. Many Hispanics supported Kennedy because the Democratic national convention","psg_id":"19227737"},{"title":"Emma Smith Kennedy","text":"regular contributor or commentator for the \"Saints' Herald\" church magazine. Third, as with her grandfather, her uncle Joseph Smith III, her father, and other relatives in the Latter Day Saint movement, Kennedy produced a number of writings, revelations and prophecies which circulated among church membership. A month before her eightieth birthday in 1949, Kennedy wrote in a letter to a relative: I just am very much alive in the onward march of this church of ours and have a gift that helps many, the gift of prophecy. I have foretold some things and they have come to pass...It sounds rather","psg_id":"12838820"},{"title":"Graham Kennedy","text":"heavy smoking. Actor Graeme Blundell, who had worked with Kennedy on the movie \"The Odd Angry Shot\", published a biography of Kennedy, \"King: The Life and Comedy of Graham Kennedy\" (McMillan, 2003). A newspaper report stated that Kennedy \"\"passed on his best wishes but declined to be involved 'for no particular reason [...] other than he believes he has a limited memory of many of the facts of his life'.\"\" The book, which was completed before Kennedy's death, ends with \"\"Graham read them [chapters of an early draft] ... asked if he wished to read any more, 'No', Graham Kennedy","psg_id":"4756760"},{"title":"After the Fall (play)","text":"Monroe. In fact, the feelings of the protagonist, Quentin, are often believed to be Miller's own reflections about his failed marriage. For example, according to Sarah Bradford, in her biography \"America's Queen: The Life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\", “Jackie, who had admired Arthur Miller enough to seat him at her table at the Malraux dinner, turned on him for his betrayal of Marilyn in his play \"After the Fall\", which opened in New York on January 23, 1964. For [Jackie Kennedy] loyalty was the ultimate test of character, and in portraying Marilyn as a self-destructive slut whom he had abandoned","psg_id":"8183725"},{"title":"The Graham Kennedy Show","text":"at legal action should they do so. Rather than removing him, the ABCB banned Kennedy from appearing live, forcing him to pre-record the show on videotape. Some have claimed that Kennedy deliberately engineered the crow call incident so that the show would have to be prerecorded, allowing him to get home earlier, while others suggest that he did it so that Nine would sack him. In 2002, in \"The Age\" newspaper, writer Jonathan Green reported that the crow call segment was in fact pretaped and that the controversy was probably just a pretext for other issues. Rival Nine personality Ernie","psg_id":"6257239"},{"title":"Jackie DeShannon","text":"Top Ten UK and US hit \"Come and Stay With Me\", which became Faithfull's biggest UK hit, peaking at #4 in 1965. That same year, Cher covered the song on her solo debut album \"All I Really Want to Do\". It would be three more years before Jackie DeShannon would record the song for herself, on her 'Laurel Canyon' album in 1968. She also appeared on the television show \"Ready Steady Go!\" Moving to New York City, DeShannon co-wrote with Randy Newman, producing such songs as \"She Don't Understand Him Like I Do\" and \"Did He Call Today Mama?\", as","psg_id":"2156919"},{"title":"Adrian Kennedy (journalist)","text":"Herald Ireland newspaper in Dublin - and a weekly panelist on RTE1’s Today Show with Maura & Daithi. Kennedy married his second wife Linda in December 2017. He has two adult children from his first marriage. Adrian Kennedy (journalist) Adrian Kennedy is an Irish radio journalist, broadcaster and DJ. He was host and producer of The FM104 Phoneshow; a late night radio chat show - alongside co-host Jeremy Dixon, from 1997-2013. For his 17 years at the helm the FM104 Phoneshow was the highest rated night-time radio show in Ireland. Kennedy was once described as a \"shock jock\" by the","psg_id":"16712330"},{"title":"Mary Olivia Kennedy","text":"Mary Olivia Kennedy Mary Olivia Kennedy (born 17 September 1880 in Dublin – died 18 December 1943 in Dublin) was a journalist based in Dublin and London, and the first woman staff reporter of The Times newspaper. Daughter of a prominent surgeon, Hugh Boyle Kennedy, and younger sister of Hugh Kennedy K.C., first Chief Justice of the Irish Free State from 1924 to 1936. She was educated at Loreto College, St Stephen's Green, Dublin, and like her brother attended University College Dublin, where she graduated with honours. Before joining \"The Times\" in 1917, Kennedy was the theatre critic and book","psg_id":"18571052"},{"title":"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis","text":"aspirational figure of that era, one whose privilege might not be easily reached by a majority of Americans but which others could strive to emulate\". Since the late 2000s, Kennedy's traditional persona has been invoked by commentators when referring to fashionable political spouses. A wide variety of commentators have credited Kennedy with restoring the White House; the list includes Hugh Sidey, Leticia Baldridge, Laura Bush, Kathleen P. Galop, and Carl Anthony. Tina Turner and Jackie Joyner-Kersee have cited Kennedy as influencing them. Jacqueline Kennedy became a global fashion icon during her husband's presidency. After the 1960 election, she commissioned French-born","psg_id":"741884"},{"title":"Jackie Clune","text":"the Equity Committee since 2013. • United Agents Jackie Clune Jackie Clune (born 13 December 1965) is a British entertainer and writer. She became established through her Edinburgh Fringe one woman cabaret shows and her 1995 Karen Carpenter tribute act before graduating to mainstream acting. Jackie Clune is the third of four children born in Harlow, Essex, to Irish Roman Catholic parents: her late father, Don Clune (died August 2010), was a buyer for a computer firm, her mother a nurse. The writer Maggie Clune is her sister. Jackie Clune graduated with a degree in drama from the University of","psg_id":"5928423"},{"title":"Jackie Clune","text":"Jackie Clune Jackie Clune (born 13 December 1965) is a British entertainer and writer. She became established through her Edinburgh Fringe one woman cabaret shows and her 1995 Karen Carpenter tribute act before graduating to mainstream acting. Jackie Clune is the third of four children born in Harlow, Essex, to Irish Roman Catholic parents: her late father, Don Clune (died August 2010), was a buyer for a computer firm, her mother a nurse. The writer Maggie Clune is her sister. Jackie Clune graduated with a degree in drama from the University of Kent. On graduation from university, she became a","psg_id":"5928412"},{"title":"Placement marriage","text":"of as the \"Kingston group\"), Righteous Branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days, and the Centennial Park group (also known of as \"The Work of Jesus Christ\" or just \"The Work\"). Placement marriage is a practice that uniquely belongs to the FLDS Church, although there may be some similarities between the beliefs in marriage practices with the Latter Day Church of Christ. The idea of placement marriage within the FLDS Church did not exist prior to the 1940s. The group which eventually became known","psg_id":"12317920"},{"title":"Jacqueline (given name)","text":"variants in both spelling and pronunciation have come into use, such as Jacquelyn, Jackeline, Jackielyn, Jacklyn, and Jaclyn. The diminutive for Jacqueline is Jacquie, Jackie, Jacque or Jacqui, which also has many variants. Jacqueline is a very popular female first name, used in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Australia, South Africa and elsewhere. One of the most famous persons to bear the name in the twentieth century is Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, née Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, often referred to as Jackie Kennedy following her marriage to U.S. President John F. Kennedy from 1953 to 1963. The name's popular image","psg_id":"10246940"},{"title":"Just Before I Go","text":"Just Before I Go Just Before I Go, previously entitled Hello I Must Be Going, is a 2014 black comedy drama film directed by Courteney Cox, in her second directorial effort (following her debut with the Lifetime original film TalhotBlond), from a screenplay written by David Flebotte, starring Seann William Scott, Elisha Cuthbert, Olivia Thirlby, Garret Dillahunt, and Kate Walsh. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 24, 2014, and it was released in select theaters on April 24, 2015. Ted Morgan decides to commit suicide; but before he goes, he returns to his hometown to settle","psg_id":"17458294"},{"title":"Jackie Marone","text":"Stephanie pay for what she did to his mother. However, events have come forward that Jackie lied about how her accident happened; and also some shameful secrets from her past have come to light. It was discovered that she slept with several sea captains that worked for Marone Industries who came into Seattle for money when Nick was very young; Nick found that untenable, and as such disowned Jackie due to her having been a prostitute. With the help of the psychiatrist Taylor Hayes, Nick has since forgiven Jackie and they once again had a strong relationship. In an attempt","psg_id":"8097738"},{"title":"Susan Kennedy","text":"Susan Kennedy Susan Kennedy (also Smith and Kinski), is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Jackie Woodburne. The character and her family were created by storyliners in an attempt to bring the show back to its roots. Susan made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 3 October 1994, along with her eldest son and daughter. The storyliners made Susan a teacher at Erinsborough High to give her immediate links with other characters. Since her introduction, Susan's personality and appearance have been through several changes. Her storylines have seen her begin a relationship","psg_id":"7665116"},{"title":"Kennedy pink Chanel suit","text":"the suit for the 2016 film \"Jackie\", with Natalie Portman portraying Kennedy; the buttons, chain, and label were provided by Chanel. Costume designer Jane Petrie recreated the suit for the second season of \"The Crown\"'s eighth episode, \"Dear Mrs. Kennedy\". In the \"Simpsons\" episode 'Scenes from the Class Struggle in Springfield', Marge Simpson's Chanel outfit was modelled upon Kennedy's suit. Kennedy pink Chanel suit A pink Chanel suit was worn by Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy on November 22, 1963, when her husband, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Made of wool bouclé, the double-breasted, strawberry pink and navy","psg_id":"15572854"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (2016 film)\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie (2016 film) Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life immediately after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kennedy. Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, and John Hurt also star; it was Hurt's final film released before his death in January 2017. The film follows Jackie Kennedy in the days when she was First Lady in the White House and her life immediately following the assassination of her husband, President John F. Kennedy, in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19215843\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (2016 film)\",\n \"text\": \"offered the opportunity. He stated that although he did not have any history or knowledge about John F. Kennedy's assassination, he connected with Jacqueline Kennedy. Prior to directing \\\"Jackie\\\", he had only made films centering on male protagonists rather than women. Thus, \\\"Jackie\\\" is the first film that he could approach from a woman's perspective. He grew more interested in Kennedy after learning more about her. To him, her life after the assassination \\\"had all the elements that you need for a movie: rage, curiosity, and love.\\\" Oppenheim said that the screenplay itself did not change much over the long\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19215847\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"followed her everywhere and nicknamed her \\\"Jackie O\\\". During their marriage, the couple inhabited six different residences: her 15-room Fifth Avenue apartment in Manhattan, her horse farm in New Jersey, his Avenue Foch apartment in Paris, his private island Skorpios, his house in Athens, and his yacht \\\"Christina O\\\". Kennedy ensured that her children continued a connection with the Kennedy family by having Ted Kennedy visit them often. She developed a close relationship with Ted, and from then on he was involved in her public appearances. Aristotle Onassis' health deteriorated rapidly following the death of his son Alexander in a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741871\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (2016 film)\",\n \"text\": \"film's negative portrayal of Jackie's relationship with Lyndon and Lady Bird Johnson. She noted that letters, as well as a taped phone conversation between President Johnson and Jackie, which occurred on December 2, 1963, showed that the former first lady and the Johnsons were cooperating well. Jackie (2016 film) Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life immediately after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kennedy. Peter Sarsgaard, Greta Gerwig, Billy Crudup, and John Hurt\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19215858\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Florynce Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"of African American oral history\\\". In 1946, Kennedy wrote a monograph called \\\"The Case Against Marriage\\\", which she later summarized in her autobiography: ...the idea being that marriage is a crock. Why should you lock yourself in the bathroom just because you have to go three times a day? In 1957 Kennedy married science fiction author Charles Dye, who was previously married to fellow science fiction author Katherine MacLean. Dye suffered from alcoholism and died circa 1960, in his mid-30s. Kennedy never remarried or had children. In 1986 on her 70th birthday, Kennedy had a birthday gala at the New\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8165990\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Speier\",\n \"text\": \"Germany. Speier took Jacqueline as her confirmation name after Jackie Kennedy. She is a graduate of Mercy High School in Burlingame. She earned a B.A. degree from the University of California, Davis, and a J.D. degree from the University of California, Hastings College of the Law in 1976. Speier's first marriage was to Dr. Steven Sierra, an emergency-room doctor, in 1987. In 1988, they had a son Jackson Kent, while she was serving as a member of the California State Assembly. Dr. Sierra died in a car accident in 1994 at the age of 53. At the time, Jackie was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5348604\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Ferrara\",\n \"text\": \"seating. In 1988, she created the work \\\"Belvedere\\\" at the Minneapolis Sculpture Garden. Other public works include the 250 seat \\\"Amphitheater\\\" (1999) at LACMA, the sixty-foot-high \\\"Stepped Tower\\\" (2000) at the University of Minnesota, and the 60-foot-long red and black granite \\\"Fountain\\\" (2006) at University of Houston. Ferrara married jazz musician Don Ferrara (second marriage) in 1955; they separated in 1957. Ferrara lived in Tuscany in 1959/1960. Jackie Ferrara Jackie Ferrara (born Jackie Hirschhorn on November 17, 1929, in Detroit, Michigan) is an American sculptor and draughtswoman best known for her pyramidal stacked structures. Her work is in the collection\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16286182\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (magazine)\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie (magazine) Jackie was a weekly British magazine for girls. The magazine was published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd of Dundee from 11 January 1964 until its closure on 3 July 1993—a total of 1534 issues. The name was chosen from a list of girls' names, although it was nearly dropped due to the association with Jackie Kennedy following her husband's assassination in 1963. An urban legend exists that it was named after Jacqueline Wilson who worked there at the time, before she became a notable children's author. Although the author has attempted to perpetuate this claim, this\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7343220\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hilary and Jackie\",\n \"text\": \"hoping it will help her work through her nervous breakdown. This, however, ultimately drives a rift between the sisters as the affair becomes emotionally suffused. Jackie leaves and resumes touring, but yearns for a different life. From Jackie's perspective, Hilary chose a life with Kiffer over their relationship. While Jackie found solace in her marriage to Daniel, she began to notice a subtle yet progressive deterioration of her motor skills and hand-eye coordination. It had in fact been unspoken anxieties over her health that led to her previous visit to Hilary's. During a live performance, Jackie finds herself unable to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2626282\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Dobbs\",\n \"text\": \"son Tyrone (Alan Halsall), squatting in Curly Watts' (Kevin Kennedy) vacant premises. She became a factory worker for Mike Baldwin (Johnny Briggs), where she had numerous run-ins with Janice Battersby (Vicky Entwistle) over flirtations with Janice's husband Les Battersby (Bruce Jones). Jackie remained on the show for one year before leaving in the midst of a property feud with Curly, who had returned to Coronation Street to find her formally renting his house. Jackie fled back to Liverpool with her husband Darren (James McMartin), though Tyrone stayed behind as a lodger with Jack (Bill Tarmey) and Vera Duckworth (Liz Dawn).\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12098894\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Susan Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"wrote \\\"The gorgeous Karl and Susan are meant to be together. Every time they break up, it's like being torn limb from limb – and that's just for me.\\\" Susan Kennedy Susan Kennedy (also Smith and Kinski), is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \\\"Neighbours\\\", played by Jackie Woodburne. The character and her family were created by storyliners in an attempt to bring the show back to its roots. Susan made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 3 October 1994, along with her eldest son and daughter. The storyliners made Susan a teacher at Erinsborough\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7665211\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kerry Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"insisting that being a member of the Kennedy family had nothing to do with the jury's verdict, she did mention the Criminal Justice Act and its 50th anniversary, which she said \\\"my father passed as Attorney General to assure access to counsel for indigent criminal defendants.\\\" Kerry Kennedy Mary Kerry Kennedy (born September 8, 1959) is an American human rights activist, writer, and president of Robert F. Kennedy Human Rights. She is the seventh child and third daughter of Robert F. Kennedy and Ethel Skakel. During her 15-year marriage to now-New York Governor Andrew Cuomo, she was known as Kerry\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15356481\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Tour\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Tour The Jackie Tour is the fourth concert tour by American singer Ciara. The tour supported her sixth studio album, \\\"Jackie\\\". Harris posted on her social media accounts a string of concerts in New Zealand and Australia. Those appearances marked the singer's first performances in those territories, along with it being her first concert tour in 6 years. Although sales were strong, the opening dates of the tour proved to be disaterious. Many events were cancelled nearly minutes before the concert was to commence. Also, many spectators purchased meet & greet packages, of which Harris did not appear. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18704584\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)\",\n \"text\": \"a steady schedule of live dates while working with Stern, recording \\\"Sgt. Pecker\\\", \\\"F Jackie\\\", and \\\"The Very Best of Jackie Martling's Talking Joke Book Cassettes, Vol. 1\\\". What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \\\"What Did You Expect?\\\" He released two more albums, 1980's \\\"Goin' Ape!\\\" and 1981's \\\"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\\\". Martling sent all three\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14196352\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Nancy Tuckerman\",\n \"text\": \"own travel business before being asked by Jackie Kennedy to work for her in the White House after her husband was elected president. In 1963, Jackie Kennedy threw a surprise 35th birthday party for Tuckerman at the White House. When John F. Kennedy was assassinated, Tuckerman was responsible for responding to the thousands of letters that poured into the White House as condolences for Jackie Kennedy. These letters are now collectors items and are signed by Tuckerman. After leaving the White House, she remained the personal secretary to Jackie Kennedy until the latter's death in 1994. Tuckerman's personal papers reflecting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19808332\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (2016 film)\",\n \"text\": \"Hyannis Port regarding her husband's legacy. After some small talk and introductory questions, the journalist turns to inquiries about the assassination and its aftermath for Jackie and her family. Jackie expresses her emotional reaction to the events of the assassination and her interaction with members of the White House close to the President. Lyndon Johnson and his wife Lady Bird are seen comforting Jackie in the aftermath. Robert Kennedy soon appears to help her, in planning the funeral and looking after the family. Jackie is especially concerned for the well-being of the children in adjusting to the loss of their\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19215845\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Diana Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Diana Kennedy Diana Kennedy (born 3 March 1923) is an authority on Mexican cooking known for her nine books on the subject, including \\\"The Cuisines of Mexico\\\", which started changing how Americans view Mexican cooking. Her work is the basis of much of the work of Mexican chefs in the United States. Her cookbooks are distinctive because they are based on her fifty years of traveling Mexico, interviewing and learning from cooks of all kinds in the country, and from just about every region. Her work has also documented native edible plants, which has been digitized by National Commission for\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2004851\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Tyler\",\n \"text\": \"cameo appearances in \\\"Only Human\\\" by Gareth Roberts and \\\"The Stealers of Dreams\\\" by Steve Lyons published in September 2005. In \\\"Only Human\\\", a time-lost Neanderthal flirts with Jackie at a London nightclub before Captain Jack Harkness steers him away from her, feeling that Jackie would not appreciate further Doctor-related strangeness in her life. In \\\"The Stealers of Dreams\\\", Rose uses the \\\"superphone\\\" to call Jackie from a human colony world in the future. Jackie complains that Rose did not let her know she was going to be in Cardiff during her recent visit to that city. Jackie appears in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4995144\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ellen Marriage\",\n \"text\": \"by marriage to Millicent Fawcett and Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, and showed interest in the women's suffrage movement. She did some work for the suffragist newspaper \\\"Common Cause\\\". Ellen Marriage Ellen Marriage (26 August 1865 – 23 December 1946) was an English translator from French, notably of Balzac's novels. She put an effort into readability and accuracy that was unusual in translators of her period. Marriage was born in Stratford, Essex, into the Quaker family of James Haworth Marriage (1839–1913), a confectionery maker, and his wife, Mary, née Brookfield (1835–1899). All four children were sent to Quaker schools – she and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14847580\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Appiah\",\n \"text\": \"Screen Actors Awards (PAMSAA) 2013 which was held in Abuja. Appiah’s face can be seen on many billboards and TV commercials in Ghana including a GSMF advert on protection against HIV AIDS. She won the face of U.B in a promotion she did for them on TV commercials and she is currently the face of IPMC for commercials and billboards. \\\"GSMF \\\" was her first TV commercial. Jackie Appiah Jackie Agyemang Appiah (born 5 December 1983) is a Canadian-born Ghanaian actress. For her work as an actress, she has received several awards and nominations, including the awards for \\\"Best Actress\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9836659\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Tyler\",\n \"text\": \"attends her parents' marriage, in which Pete is unable to recite Jackie's full name, Jacqueline Andrea Suzette Prentice, and after then travelling ahead to 1987, learns that her father was a failed entrepreneur and that her parents' marriage had been stormy; Jackie suspects Pete is an adulterer and also threatens him with divorce. In the 2005 series finale, \\\"The Parting of the Ways\\\", Jackie is glad to have Rose home after the Doctor returns her to the 21st century from the far future in order to protect her. She is persuaded to help return Rose to save the Doctor after\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4995138\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"the 2011 miniseries \\\"The Kennedys\\\", set during the Kennedy presidency and its 2017 sequel \\\"\\\", focusing on her life after 1968. Mary McNamara and Hank Stuever regarded Holmes' performance with neutrality in their reviews of \\\"The Kennedys\\\" while Hadley Freeman called her \\\"bloodless\\\" in the role. Holmes stated reprising the role was a \\\"bigger challenge\\\" for having to act through later periods of Kennedy's life. When asked of the concurrent \\\"Jackie\\\" film, Holmes said, \\\"I think its really exciting. It's just is a testament to how amazing Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis was and how much she meant to our country.\\\" Holmes\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741898\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Marone\",\n \"text\": \"remain very much in love, despite the occasional rough spots. However their marriage is in real trouble now because of Owen cheating on Jackie by having a one-night stand with Bridget, which resulted in the birth of his & Bridget's son Logan on September 3, 2010. In October 2010, Rick Forrester, Bridget's older brother, makes his interest in Jackie known to her & begins pursuing her especially after Nick fired Jackie, Owen & Bridget from Jackie M Designs. Even though Jackie is interested, she makes it clear to Rick that she is married to Owen. Rick had no intention of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8097750\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Hill-Perry\",\n \"text\": \"certain sins, it's not, 'Oh, I'm just doing this because I want to.' No, what in this sin do you think will satisfy me that God can't? It makes my processing of my issues a lot deeper, and it's also expanded my view of God. Jackie Hill-Perry has written for various Christian ministry organizations, focusing on reconciling issues of homosexuality with Christianity. Among these are her articles \\\"Love Letter to a Lesbian\\\", written for Desiring God, a ministry of John Piper, and \\\"A Christian Response to the Same-Sex Marriage Ruling\\\", for The Resurgence, a ministry of Mars Hill Church. Jackie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18368950\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ten Years of Marriage\",\n \"text\": \"was considered a xiaojie (someone of poor standing), before she married Xu Chongxian. Her new husband is from a big feudal family. He is called Shaoye (young master), by the family servants. The novel begins with an official notice of their marriage in a newspaper. The characters in this work are as follows: Ten Years of Marriage Ten Years of Marriage (结婚十年) is a 1943 Chinese novel written by Su Qing 苏青 (1914–1982). Owing to her authentic descriptions of sexual psychology, Su Qing was described as a bold female writer and her work received mixed praise. \\\"Ten Years of Marriage\\\"\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15984125\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Fairweather\",\n \"text\": \"it was announced that Fairweather had committed suicide at the age of 46 on 1 November 2014, nine days before her 47th birthday. Her death led to many former athletes recognizing her achievements. Her Australian triathlon rival in the 1990s, Emma Carney said \\\"Jackie was a perfectionist and I think perhaps Jackie never really appreciated – or realised – all that she achieved. It wasn't just the races she won, or the sports she excelled in – Jackie was a pioneer in Australian triathlon coaching and administration.\\\" Emma Snowsill, 2008 Beijing Olympics Women's Triathlon gold medalist commented that \\\"You shared\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8652767\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Thomas Fortescue Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"in his painting \\\"The Fighting Temeraire tugged to her last Berth to be broken up, 1838\\\". Kennedy's commission did not long outlive \\\"Temeraire\\\"s. He left his post at Sheerness in 1838 and went into retirement, dying on 15 May 1846. Kennedy married twice. His first marriage took place on 2 October 1806 to Louisa Adlam. The marriage produced two sons who survived him, both of whom entered the military and became officers: George Kennedy served in the Royal Artillery, and his brother Hugh Kennedy served in the Royal Marines. Kennedy remarried on 2 October 1834 to Hannah Kennedy, the widow\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15978042\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie (2016 film)\",\n \"text\": \"books, and listening to audiotapes of her interviews. She also read around twenty of her \\\"pulpy\\\" biographies, which she did not consider high literature. Her primary source was the seven-part eight-and-a-half-hour \\\"Life\\\" magazine interview conducted in the early part of 1964, by Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr. with Kennedy. One of three interviews she gave following her husband's assassination, it was kept private throughout her life. Portman said she was intimidated at first, and her initial knowledge of Kennedy was just a \\\"superficial understanding of [Kennedy] as a fashion plate.\\\" But through playing her in the film, Portman gained a deeper\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19215851\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John F. Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Kennedy to Paris.\\\" On June 4, 1961, the president met with Khrushchev in Vienna and left the meetings angry and disappointed that he had allowed the premier to bully him, despite the warnings he had received. Khrushchev, for his part, was impressed with the president's intelligence, but thought him weak. Kennedy did succeed in conveying the bottom line to Khrushchev on the most sensitive issue before them, a proposed treaty between Moscow and East Berlin. He made it clear that any treaty interfering with U.S access rights in West Berlin would be regarded as an act of war. Shortly\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7796909\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Looking for Jackie\",\n \"text\": \"he is captured and the officer is wounded badly. Zhang takes her to the hospital where she is saved and Zhang is returned to his grandparents. After arguing with his grandmother, he goes to a film studio where he is cast as an extra and soon thrown out. Meanwhile, his grandmother asks Jackie to meet her grandson, to which he agrees. Zhang is brought to the studio by Jackie where Zhang sees Jackie fight and after a little chat, he is returned home by Jackie and he tells Zhang to study hard. At the end Zhang passes his exam and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14908241\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Betty Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"1982. Betty Kennedy Betty Margaret Hannah Kennedy, (January 4, 1926 – March 20, 2017) was a Canadian broadcaster, journalist, author, and Senator, who is best known for her work on radio and television. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, the daughter of Walter Herbert Styran and Janet Kincaid (McPhee) Styran, Kennedy graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute, and began her career with the \\\"Ottawa Citizen\\\". She became a broadcaster, as a host of a local radio show, during a newspaper strike. She was soon hired away by CFRB in Toronto where she became host of \\\"The Betty Kennedy Show\\\" in 1959;\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4587489\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Betty Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Betty Kennedy Betty Margaret Hannah Kennedy, (January 4, 1926 – March 20, 2017) was a Canadian broadcaster, journalist, author, and Senator, who is best known for her work on radio and television. Born and raised in Ottawa, Ontario, the daughter of Walter Herbert Styran and Janet Kincaid (McPhee) Styran, Kennedy graduated from Lisgar Collegiate Institute, and began her career with the \\\"Ottawa Citizen\\\". She became a broadcaster, as a host of a local radio show, during a newspaper strike. She was soon hired away by CFRB in Toronto where she became host of \\\"The Betty Kennedy Show\\\" in 1959; the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4587485\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Hyland\",\n \"text\": \"correspondent work for CNBC's \\\"High Net Worth\\\" and \\\"The Business of Innovation\\\", before anchoring for ABC News Now. Hyland returned to WPIX as a weekend anchor then general reporter before leaving in April 2011. On September 20, 2011 she joined WRAL-TV in Raleigh, NC as an evening anchor. She left WRAL in June, 2015. Jackie Hyland Jackie Hyland, born in New York City, is a television anchor. Hyland lived for 10 years in Drumshanbo, County Leitrim, Ireland as a child where she was proficient in Irish folk song and dance, appeared in several Irish magazines and newspapers and did runway\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6866965\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Shane\",\n \"text\": \"with her in the mid 1990s. This news was relayed to a small number of her old musician friends, a couple of whom contacted her. One, Steve Kennedy, discussed with Shane the possibility of organizing and staging a reunion concert, but this never materialized — the next time Kennedy called the same phone number, it had been reassigned to somebody else who had never heard of Shane. CBC Radio's \\\"Inside the Music\\\" aired a documentary feature, \\\"I Got Mine: The Story of Jackie Shane\\\", in 2010. At the time, nobody involved in the documentary, the executive producer of which was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18888664\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"Kennedy Library in Boston, Massachusetts, and the dresses of her attendants were created by designer Ann Lowe of New York City. The newlyweds honeymooned in Acapulco, Mexico, before settling in their new home, Hickory Hill in McLean, Virginia, a suburb of Washington, D.C. Kennedy developed a warm relationship with her in-laws, Joseph and Rose Kennedy. In the early years of their marriage, the couple faced several personal setbacks. John Kennedy suffered from Addison's Disease and from chronic and at times debilitating back pain, which had been exacerbated by a war injury; in late 1954, he underwent a near-fatal spinal operation.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741829\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Tyler\",\n \"text\": \"fact her marriage is deteriorating, denies turning forty and chastises Rose for speaking to her whilst posing as staff. Rose and the parallel universe Pete try to save her when the Cybermen invade, but she is killed during the attack. In \\\"Love & Monsters\\\", Jackie expresses how hard and lonely it has been to be left behind by her daughter. After learning a romantic interest, Elton Pope (Marc Warren), only befriended her to track Rose and the Doctor, Jackie, she throws him out of her house, stating a priority to defend the Doctor and Rose. In \\\"Army of Ghosts\\\" Jackie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4995140\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Marone\",\n \"text\": \"came out as did Jackie's prior knowledge of the baby's paternity, which greatly strained her relationship with Nick and nearly destroyed her marriage to Massimo who had supported Nick's relationship with Brooke thinking Nick was the father. This caused Ridge to turn his back on Massimo and started a war between Ridge and Nick with Massimo caught in the middle and losing his eldest son Ridge. Around the same time Jackie began an affair with Deacon Sharpe and used him to conduct the second paternity test. The affair was soon discovered by Massimo who had a massive stroke as a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8097735\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Madge Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"a business trip to South America. He was a member of the New York banking firm of Bennett, Bolster & Coghill. Bolster was 38 and a veteran of World War I. Kennedy inherited more than $500,000 when he died. She wed William B. Hanley, Jr., in Kingman, Arizona, on August 13, 1934. Hanley was an actor and radio personality. The couple resided in Los Angeles, California. Kennedy retired temporarily after her marriage before returning to work in entertainment. The couple would remain married until Hanley's death in 1959. She enjoyed outdoor activities such as playing golf, horseback riding and driving\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8188546\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Diana Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Knowledge and Use of Biodiversity. Due to her style of work, Kennedy has been called a \\\"culinary anthropologist\\\" and has self-identified as an \\\"ethno-gastronomer\\\". Kennedy has received numerous awards for her work, including the Order of the Aztec Eagle from the Mexican government and was appointed an Member of the Order of the British Empire. Kennedy was born Diana Southwood in Loughton, Essex, in the southeast of England. Her father was a salesman, and her mother was a schoolteacher who loved nature and wanted to live quietly in the countryside. Kennedy did not attend college because of World War II,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2004852\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Elizabeth Lapovsky Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"for Cambridge, Lapovsky married Perry Kennedy, a beatnik and writer. Through her marriage to Perry Kennedy, who had more radical leanings developed in Putney work camp, Kennedy became involved with the anti Vietnam-war movement in England. Together, Liz and Perry developed a lifelong commitment to social activism. Extensive research and fieldwork of the Waunan people in the Chocó provence, Colombia led to her 1972 Ph.D. in social anthropology from Cambridge University. While at Cambridge, Kennedy produced three documentary films on the indigenous peoples of South America allowing her to later consult with both the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) and ITV\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14041694\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Dawn (1981 film)\",\n \"text\": \"Just Before Dawn (1981 film) Just Before Dawn is a 1981 American independent slasher film directed by Jeff Lieberman, and starring Chris Lemmon, Gregg Henry, Deborah Benson, Jamie Rose, and George Kennedy. The film follows a group of hikers who travel into the Oregon mountains to visit property inherited by one of them, only to be hunted by a ruthless backwoods killer. The film was shot in the Silver Falls State Park in Silverton, Oregon. Despite not being a commercial success when released, the film received positive reviews, with many praising the atmosphere and cinematography. The film has gained a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10111895\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Dawn (1981 film)\",\n \"text\": \"Just Before Dawn (1981 film) Just Before Dawn is a 1981 American independent slasher film directed by Jeff Lieberman, and starring Chris Lemmon, Gregg Henry, Deborah Benson, Jamie Rose, and George Kennedy. The film follows a group of hikers who travel into the Oregon mountains to visit property inherited by one of them, only to be hunted by a ruthless backwoods killer. The film was shot in the Silver Falls State Park in Silverton, Oregon. Despite not being a commercial success when released, the film received positive reviews, with many praising the atmosphere and cinematography. The film has gained a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10111879\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Michael Kennedy (music critic)\",\n \"text\": \"was married twice. His first wife was Eslyn Durdle, who suffered from multiple sclerosis for approximately fifty years. Their marriage lasted from 1947 until her death in 1999. His second wife was Joyce Bourne, a physician whom Kennedy had met in 1976. Eslyn accepted Joyce, and only asked that he continue to look after her. He did so for 23 more years, marrying Joyce only after Eslyn's death in 1999. Bourne and Kennedy married in 1999, after the death of Eslyn. Their own marriage lasted until Kennedy's death. Bourne served as Kennedy's associate editor for his various editions of \\\"The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11182057\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Burkhart\",\n \"text\": \"(true to form, the breakup doesn't stick and they reunite one episode later). In the season four finale, Jackie and Kelso both agree that they don't want to stay broken up. So, Jackie has Kelso choose to kiss any girl at The Hub to make things even between them and they can move on and be together again. Kelso surprises Jackie when he pretends to look around the room, but ends up choosing to kiss her. Jackie decides that it's time for Kelso to really choose her. Without warning, she brings up marriage to Kelso and decides that they're getting\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5273779\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Biskupski\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Biskupski Jackie Biskupski (born January 11, 1966) is an American Democratic politician, and the Mayor of Salt Lake City, Utah. Upon taking office, Biskupski became Salt Lake City's 35th mayor, the city's first openly gay mayor, and the second female mayor (after Deedee Corradini). She is a former member of the Utah House of Representatives, representing the 30th District in Salt Lake County from 1999 to 2011. One of four siblings raised in Hastings, Minnesota, Biskupski, of Polish-American descent, says that her Catholic parents, Marvin and Arlene Biskupski, named her after former First Lady Jacqueline \\\"Jackie\\\" Kennedy Onassis. While\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4523436\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Marone\",\n \"text\": \"giving up on her no matter what but realizes that it just wasn't worth it in the end. Jackie asked Owen to meet up with Bridget in Hawaii, where she enables Owen to realize his love for his son Logan and Bridget. Jackie sorrowfully asked Owen for a divorce, and Owen went to Bridget. In October 2011, Jackie moves closer again to Eric. They share more kisses but in the end Eric chooses Stephanie and this has angered Jackie. In November 2011, Nick receives an anonymous message from a woman which says to meet him in the sauna of Jackie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8097751\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album)\",\n \"text\": \"What Did You Expect? (Jackie Martling album) What Did You Expect? is an album by American comedian, comedy writer and radio personality Jackie Martling. The album was released on Martling's Off Hour Rockers label on September 12, 1979. In 1979, Martling issued his debut LP, \\\"What Did You Expect?\\\" He released two more albums, 1980's \\\"Goin' Ape!\\\" and 1981's \\\"Normal People Are People You Don't Know That Well\\\". Martling sent all three records to fledgling New York City disk jockey Howard Stern. By 1986, he was a full-time member of Stern's show, later becoming the program's head writer. Martling maintained\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14196351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Which Lie Did I Tell?\",\n \"text\": \"Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \\\"Adventures in the Screen Trade\\\". Originally to be called \\\"The Big Campfire\\\", the inspiration for the title came when Goldman was in the office of a Hollywood producer who was talking on the phone to one of his associates. Suddenly he cupped his hands over the receiver, snapped his fingers and said “Bill, Bill! Which lie did I tell?” The book\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6355609\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"Taylor-Isherwood, Emily VanCamp, and Joanne Whalley portray Onassis in the 2000 television miniseries \\\"Jackie Bouvier Kennedy Onassis\\\", covering chronologically her entire life. Whalley prepared for the role by listening to recordings of Kennedy's voice along with working with a dialect coach; by the end of production, she developed an attachment to Kennedy. Laura Fries assessed Whalley as lacking Kennedy's charisma despite being \\\"soulful and regal\\\" in her own right while Ron Wertheimer viewed Whalley as being passive in the role and lamented \\\"the filmmakers render Jackie as Forrest Gump in a pillbox hat, someone who keeps passing close to the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741894\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Brown\",\n \"text\": \"the blaxploitation genre, just like \\\"Foxy Brown\\\" and \\\"Coffy\\\". Tarantino wanted Pam Grier to play the title character. She previously read for the \\\"Pulp Fiction\\\" character Jody, but Tarantino did not believe audiences would find it plausible for Eric Stoltz to yell at her. Grier did not expect Tarantino to contact her after the success of \\\"Pulp Fiction\\\". When she showed up to read for \\\"Jackie Brown\\\", Tarantino had posters of her films in his office. She asked if he had put them up because she was coming to read for his film, and he responded that he was actually\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2399223\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Merna Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"in 1934 when she married choreographer/director Busby Berkeley. Their marriage broke up a year later. Kennedy died of a heart attack, aged 36, four days after her marriage to Master Sergeant Forrest Brayton. Merna Kennedy Merna Kennedy (born Maude Kahler; September 7, 1908 – December 20, 1944) was an American actress of the late silent era and the transitional period into talkies. Kennedy was best known during her brief career for her role opposite Charlie Chaplin in the silent film \\\"The Circus\\\" (1928). Kennedy was brought to the attention of Chaplin by her friend Lita Grey, who became Chaplin's second\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5821202\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Tonawanda\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Tonawanda Jackie Tonawanda, dubbed \\\"the Female Ali\\\" Born Jackie Garrett in New York on Sept. 4, 1933, was a pioneer female heavyweight boxer from the 1970s and 1980s. Tonawanda was a well-known figure in the sport and was featured in many newspaper articles and magazines. In 1975, Jackie sued the New York State Athletic Commission. Jackie Tonawanda went to court against then-boxing commissioner Edwin Dooley, who refused to grant her a license because state law had discriminated against women from professional fighting. The upshot was that the judge scolded the commission for \\\"continuing attitudes espoused a century ago.\\\" The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19569418\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Joseph\",\n \"text\": \"included on the 2012 DVD release of the series. In the early 1980s, Joseph helped form an organization for celebrity wives overcoming divorce. The group, which included Lynn Landon, Patti Palmer Lewis, and Carol Lawrence, went on talk shows (such as \\\"The Phil Donahue Show\\\") discussing the foibles of celebrity split-ups. In recent years she has been heavily involved with the Screen Actors Guild as well as organizations providing care for stray animals. She has been a columnist for Toluca Lake's newspaper, \\\"The Tolucan Times\\\", in which her signature sign off was \\\"We'll talk.\\\" Jackie Joseph Sammie Jacqueline “Jackie” Joseph\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5833201\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Ellen J. Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Against Women. Kennedy has also written articles for the Minneapolis Star Tribune. Her most recent article, “How hateful rhetoric can turn deadly,” was printed on April 18, 2016. She also contributes to the MinnPost regularly. Her last article, “Nicosia: Peace advocates in a divided city,” was published on August 5, 2016. Kennedy contributed to Minnesota Public Radio between 2010 and 2012. Her last article, “To limit freedom of marriage is an impulse felt by the worst of governments,” was issued on October 11, 2012. Kennedy’s advocacy work was featured in the Minnesota Women’s Press in July 2016. Ellen J. Kennedy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15250633\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Losing Everything\",\n \"text\": \"the other cars. He drives away, and they run across the parking lot to Miriam’s sister’s car. In the last shot, a car which may or may not be Antoine's turns to follow them. Just Before Losing Everything Just Before Losing Everything (original title Avant que de tout perdre) is a 2013 short film by French film maker Xavier Legrand. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. The film follows the day in the life of a woman who has decided to leave her abusive husband. The story was continued (with the same actors\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17843178\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"children remained in the White House for two weeks following the assassination. Wanting to \\\"do something nice for Jackie,\\\" President Johnson offered an ambassadorship to France to her, aware of her heritage and fondness for the country's culture, but she turned the offer down, as well as follow-up offers of ambassadorships to Mexico and the United Kingdom. At her request, Johnson renamed the Florida space center the John F. Kennedy Space Center a week after the assassination. Kennedy later publicly praised Johnson for his kindness to her. Kennedy spent 1964 in mourning and made few public appearances. In the winter\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741861\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Reid\",\n \"text\": \"Robbie Ross, a close friend, share a tender moment following a slow dance and she momentarily questions her devotion to Brian before marrying him at the end of the episode. She glances at Robbie seconds before reciting 'and forsaking all others' during her vows. Jackie had a special (platonic) relationship with DCI Michael Jardine (James MacPherson) throughout their time together on the Taggart team. She was seriously affected by his murder in 2002 and this contributed to the breakdown of her marriage. She struggles to get along with their new boss, DCI Matthew 'Matt' Burke (Alex Norton) as he couldn't\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13273438\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Marone\",\n \"text\": \"result but with the help of his sons recovered. Massimo embarked on a revenge plan against Deacon eventually driving Deacon back into alcoholism and rehab. Massimo divorced Jackie giving her a huge settlement including Jackie M Designs but after Brooke married Nick and Jackie continued to support the marriage, Massimo used his connections with the FBI in Washington D.C. to have Jackie arrested on false charges of tax evasion, money laundering, and tax fraud. Nick later convinced Massimo to release her but also was able to convince the Marone board to replace Massimo as CEO with Nick. Massimo soon left\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8097736\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Which Lie Did I Tell?\",\n \"text\": \"how stories are written and films are made. Sprinkled throughout is his advice for future screenwriters. In the second section, he analyzes classic film sequences, setting each scene, quoting excerpts from the screenplays, and then explaining what made them great. Finally, the author offers story ideas and examines their potential for the big screen.\\\" Which Lie Did I Tell? Which Lie Did I Tell?: More Adventures in the Screen Trade is a work of non-fiction first published in 2000 by novelist and screenwriter William Goldman. It is the follow-up to his 1982 book \\\"Adventures in the Screen Trade\\\". Originally to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6355616\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Looking for Jackie\",\n \"text\": \"is respected by other students. He calls Jackie to tell him about his result but no one replies. Everyone begins to doubt him whether he met Jackie or not but after a few moments a picture is received by Zhang which was promised by Jackie that if he would pass his exam Jackie would send him the picture. Looking for Jackie Looking for Jackie () is a 2009 film directed by Gangliang Fang and Ping Jiang and written by Xuan Hua and Jiamin Wu. It is an action and family film, which tells the story of a young boy, Zhang\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14908242\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kerry Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"pushed in a wheelchair inside the Westchester County Courthouse and was accompanied by her sons Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. and Douglas Harriman Kennedy. Kennedy's attorney Gerald Lefcourt told jurors that while she did not expect her famous name to give her any advantages, Kennedy should not be punished for it either. Kennedy admitted to having been in a car wreck 18 months before the incident, as well as suffering a head injury that required medication. Kennedy was acquitted of the charges on February 28, 2014. \\\"You have to wonder why this ill-advised prosecution was brought,\\\" Lefcourt said after the verdict.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15356479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Nightfall\",\n \"text\": \"of 4 stars: Mike Sutton of \\\"The Digital Fix\\\": Just Before Nightfall Just Before Nightfall () is a 1971 film written and directed by Claude Chabrol, based on the novel \\\"The Thin Line\\\" by Edward Atiyah. Audran won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her role at the 27th British Academy Film Awards. Charles Masson (Bouquet), an advertising account executive, is having an affair with Laura (Douking), the wife of his best friend, world-renowned architect François Tellier (Périer). Their sex life consists of sadomasochistic behavior, and in one of their heated sessions, Charles accidentally strangles\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15862479\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Nightfall\",\n \"text\": \"Just Before Nightfall Just Before Nightfall () is a 1971 film written and directed by Claude Chabrol, based on the novel \\\"The Thin Line\\\" by Edward Atiyah. Audran won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role for her role at the 27th British Academy Film Awards. Charles Masson (Bouquet), an advertising account executive, is having an affair with Laura (Douking), the wife of his best friend, world-renowned architect François Tellier (Périer). Their sex life consists of sadomasochistic behavior, and in one of their heated sessions, Charles accidentally strangles Laura. Completely confused, Charles leaves the borrowed apartment in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15862477\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Awearyin' for You\",\n \"text\": \"to the key of C, \\\"Just Awearyin' for You\\\" appears in Mel Bay's \\\"Modern Guitar Method Grade 6\\\". Along with \\\"I Love You Truly\\\" and \\\"A Perfect Day\\\", \\\"Just Awearyin' for You\\\" forms the triumvirate of works for which Jacobs-Bond is remembered. A dedicatory phrase \\\"To F. B.\\\" atop the musical score (on p. 3 of the sheet music) refers to her second husband, Frederic Bond. Prior to publication with her tune, Jacobs-Bond was unaware that the lyrics were written by Stanton; she thought them anonymous as indicated in the Chicago newspaper from which she took them. Once the oversight\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13684080\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Hyland\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Hyland Jackie Hyland, born in New York City, is a television anchor. Hyland lived for 10 years in Drumshanbo, County Leitrim, Ireland as a child where she was proficient in Irish folk song and dance, appeared in several Irish magazines and newspapers and did runway work.. After high school she moved to Dublin where she modeled for \\\"The Brand Agency\\\". She returned to New York where she attended St. John's University where she earned a degree in communications with a minor in business. She began her broadcasting career at ABC's \\\"Good Morning America\\\". She subsequently worked at News12 Long\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6866963\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie O (opera)\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"All His Bright Light\\\" \\\"I Will See You At The Lido\\\" Scene 2 (On Skorpios) \\\"The Flame Duet\\\" \\\"Smash His Camera!\\\" \\\"Jack's Song\\\" \\\"The New Frontier Is Here\\\" Jackie O (opera) Jackie O is a chamber opera in two acts composed by Michael Daugherty to a libretto by Wayne Koestenbaum. The 90-minute work, commissioned by Houston Grand Opera in 1995 and premiered in 1997, is inspired by American musical and popular culture of the late 1960s and episodes in the life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. \\\"Jackie O\\\" received its first performance in the Cullen Theater, Houston, Texas, on March 14,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12168980\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie O (opera)\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie O (opera) Jackie O is a chamber opera in two acts composed by Michael Daugherty to a libretto by Wayne Koestenbaum. The 90-minute work, commissioned by Houston Grand Opera in 1995 and premiered in 1997, is inspired by American musical and popular culture of the late 1960s and episodes in the life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. \\\"Jackie O\\\" received its first performance in the Cullen Theater, Houston, Texas, on March 14, 1997 with a second performance on March 16, 1997, both conducted by Christopher Larkin. The opera's Canadian premiere took place on August 7, 1997 at the Banff Centre\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12168973\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Burkhart\",\n \"text\": \"friends discover the relationship, they each insist that they are not dating and that it is purely physical, but finally give in and admit that what they have goes deeper than just sex. They date for most of season five until Jackie sees Kelso kissing Annette and yells \\\"Get off my boyfriend!\\\" Hyde reacts angrily to this and grows suspicious of Jackie. When he sees Jackie holding Kelso in her arms, knowing Jackie and Kelso's long history and on-off relationship, Hyde assumes that something must be going on between her and Kelso again. Despite her pleas that she was only\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5273786\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work\",\n \"text\": \"was also countered by Robert F. Scuka, who argued that \\\"a careful reading of the Hahlweg et al. (1984) study reveals that Gottman cites only certain (one-sided) results from the study. He also overlooks several important considerations that call into question his implied dismissal of the RE model as a legitimate therapeutic intervention for distressed couples.\\\" The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work, by John Gottman is a book that sets forth what it describes as seven principles that can guide toward a harmonious and long-lasting relationship. The book attempts to debunk a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18180687\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work\",\n \"text\": \"The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work The Seven Principles for Making Marriage Work, by John Gottman is a book that sets forth what it describes as seven principles that can guide toward a harmonious and long-lasting relationship. The book attempts to debunk a number of what it describes as myths about marriages and why they fail. The seven principles Gottman sets out are for the partners to enhance their love maps; nurture fondness and admiration; turn toward each other instead of away; let their partner influence them; solve their solvable problems; overcome gridlock; and create shared meaning. The book\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18180677\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Cyril Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"the re-taking of Authie Kennedy received shrapnel from a Nebelwerfer rocket in his right arm which required amputation. Despite this injury, after the war Kennedy resumed work as a carpenter. He was first elected at the Colchester—Hants riding in the 1957 general election, then re-elected there in 1958, 1962, 1963 and 1965. On 17 September 1967, Kennedy left the House of Commons before the end of his term in the 27th Canadian Parliament and did not campaign for any further re-election. He resigned his seat for Robert Stanfield who had not secure a seat in 1965, the recently elected Leader\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12405124\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before I Go\",\n \"text\": \"former \\\"Friends\\\" star clearly wanted something special, but sadly the result is ... this.\\\" In one of the few positive reviews the film received, Gary Goldstein of the \\\"Los Angeles Times\\\" wrote, \\\"Anchored by a nicely understated performance by Seann William Scott, \\\"Just Before I Go\\\" effectively juggles a wealth of genuine, at times profound, emotion with quite a bit of nutty-raunchy humor.\\\" Just Before I Go Just Before I Go, previously entitled Hello I Must Be Going, is a 2014 black comedy drama film directed by Courteney Cox, in her second directorial effort (following her debut with the Lifetime\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17458300\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Blue (band)\",\n \"text\": \"Libertiny—Bass, keyboards, backing vocals Rick Schneider—Lead drums Other Members Rick Schneider—Drums (during \\\"Reloaded era\\\") David Dupuie—Drums (during \\\"Reloaded era\\\") 2001: Behind Me 2002: Complexification: Part II 2006: City Nights-Live, the Princess Mix 1. Biography & History of Jackie Blue. www.JackieBlue.com 2. Just Plain Folks. www.jpfolks.com 3. The Aquarian newspaper, by J.J. Koczan, New York and New Jersey Jackie Blue (band) Jackie Blue is a Detroit-based band that combines the elements of funk and rock music into what is termed \\\"Funk n Roll.\\\" The band was formed in 2000 in Detroit, Michigan, United States. They are widely known for their singles\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10896005\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Jackie Thomas Show\",\n \"text\": \"order to play his wife on \\\"Tom\\\", replacing another actress who had already begun work. \\\"Tom\\\" did not garner high ratings and was cancelled in May 1994. In November 1994, Tom and Roseanne Arnold divorced. \\\"Roseanne\\\" remained on ABC until the show's finale in 1997. The Jackie Thomas Show The Jackie Thomas Show is an American sitcom that aired on the ABC network from December 1992 to March 1993. The series received widespread attention due to its creators Roseanne Arnold, then starring in the fifth season of her comedy \\\"Roseanne\\\", and her husband and \\\"Roseanne\\\" co-producer Tom Arnold. \\\"The Jackie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10885330\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before Losing Everything\",\n \"text\": \"Just Before Losing Everything Just Before Losing Everything (original title Avant que de tout perdre) is a 2013 short film by French film maker Xavier Legrand. It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film. The film follows the day in the life of a woman who has decided to leave her abusive husband. The story was continued (with the same actors playing the mother, father, and daughter) in Legrand's feature-length follow-up, Custody. A small boy (Julien) leaves his house and walks down the street. He runs into his teacher and tells her he is going\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17843175\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Carolyn Bessette-Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"take pictures for her portfolio. Although her modelling career did not prove to be profitable, she did appear on the cover of Boston University's calendar, \\\"The Girls of B.U.\\\" After college and until her marriage to Kennedy, Bessette worked for Calvin Klein Ltd, a high-end American fashion house. During her successful career there, she went from being a saleswoman in Boston's Chestnut Hill Mall to becoming the director of publicity for the company's flagship store in Manhattan. While working for Klein in Boston, Bessette was noticed by Susan Sokol, a travelling sales coordinator for the company. Sokol, impressed with Bessette's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15360649\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Hilary and Jackie\",\n \"text\": \"mutual love of music. Her eventual conversion to Judaism and subsequent marriage to Daniel garners significant publicity. Later, Jackie arrives unannounced at Hilary and Kiffer's home, inexplicably forgoing scheduled engagements she has in Los Angeles. She confides to Hilary that she wants to have sex with Kiffer, and makes attempts to seduce him. The next day, Hilary finds Jackie stripped naked in the woods in the midst of an emotional breakdown. Daniel arrives and attempts to console her, but she is indifferent to him. Jackie remains at Hilary's home, and Hilary consents to Jackie having a sexual encounter with Kiffer,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2626281\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"John Patrick Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"John Patrick Kennedy John Patrick Kennedy (7 June 1926 – 20 March 1994) was a New Zealand Catholic journalist who served as the editor of the weekly Catholic newspaper \\\"The New Zealand Tablet\\\" from 1967 to 1989. Born in Methven, Canterbury, Kennedy was educated at St Bede's College and at the University of Canterbury in Christchurch. He also worked as a journalist for several newspapers including the \\\"Christchurch Star-Sun\\\" and the Melbourne-based \\\"The Herald\\\", before returning to New Zealand to become the editor of \\\"The Tablet\\\" in Dunedin. During his work as a journalist, he won several awards including the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17377511\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Sencion\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Sencion Jackie Sencion, is the founder and CEO of La Lumia—a longstanding boutique TriBeCa. Jackie, a Fashion Institute of Technology graduate, has been designing and featuring her designs in her boutique since 1985. Sencion was born in the Dominican Republic and moved to New York City with her mother and sister in 1969. Before opening La Lumia, Jackie utilized her skills in various domestic apparel and import companies that involved massive globe-trotting. Her travels not only served her in her role as design liaison for clothing vendors but also got her involved with the different fashion scenes of Milan,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"13386251\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mark Kennedy (musician)\",\n \"text\": \"\\\"Love Sides\\\" (May 1983). Kennedy and Hines were engaged by November 1976 but did not marry. Hines' highest charting single was \\\"You\\\" (written by Tom Snow), which reached No. 2 on the Kent Music Report singles charts in October 1977. Her producer-manager, Robie Porter, had put it into his \\\"don't use\\\" pile; Kennedy saw the sheet music in the studio and began arguing the song's worth to Porter. Porter subsequently changed his mind about it. Aside from musical assistance Kennedy also designed Hines' performance costumes. Outside of his work for Hines, Kennedy also rejoined McGuire and Parkinson in early 1978\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18921708\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"Kim Allen portrays Kennedy in the 2016 film \\\"LBJ\\\". Ray Bennett noted in his review of the film that Allen was in a non-speaking role. Natalie Portman portrays Kennedy in the 2016 film \\\"Jackie\\\", set during the JFK presidency and the immediate aftermath of the assassination. Portman admitted being intimidated taking the role and doing research in preparation for filming. Nigel M. Smith wrote that by portraying Kennedy, Portman was \\\"taking on arguably the biggest challenge of her career\\\". Manohla Dargis, David Edelstein, and Peter Bradshaw praised her performance. Portman was nominated for Best Actress by Academy Awards, AACTA Awards,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741901\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"center of things without really touching -- or being touched by -- very much.\\\" Stephanie Romanov portrays Kennedy in the 2000 film \\\"Thirteen Days\\\", taking place during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Philip French of \\\"The Guardian\\\" noted her small role and being out of \\\"the loop\\\" was accurate of women's roles in \\\"the early Sixties\\\". Laura Clifford called Romanov \\\"unconvincing\\\" in the role. Jill Hennessy portrays Kennedy in the 2001 television film \\\"Jackie, Ethel, Joan: The Women of Camelot\\\". Hennessy prepared for the performance by watching hours of archival footage of Kennedy and cited one of the reasons for her\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741895\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Robert F. Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"his first public speech at the placing of a cornerstone for a youth club in England. According to embassy and newspaper reports, his statements were pencilled in his own hand and were delivered in a \\\"calm and confident\\\" manner. Bobby returned to the United States just before the outbreak of World War II in Europe. In September 1939, Kennedy began eighth grade at St. Paul's School, an elite Protestant private preparatory school for boys in Concord, New Hampshire, that his father favored. Rose Kennedy was unhappy with the school's use of the Protestant Bible. After two months, she took advantage\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12924024\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Viva Kennedy Campaign\",\n \"text\": \"Ricans and Mexican Americans in the first televised presidential debate against Richard Nixon. Additionally, John F. Kennedy’s wife, Jackie Onassis Kennedy, spoke Spanish and created campaign commercials in Spanish for her husband to help reach out to Spanish-speaking voters. The Viva Kennedy Clubs sought to register Mexican Americans to vote, deliver a pro-Kennedy message across the Southwest, raise the profile of Mexican-American voters, show the media that Mexican-Americans are an important voting group in the November 1960 election, and most importantly gain the Mexican-American vote for Kennedy in the 1960 election. Many Hispanics supported Kennedy because the Democratic national convention\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19227737\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Emma Smith Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"regular contributor or commentator for the \\\"Saints' Herald\\\" church magazine. Third, as with her grandfather, her uncle Joseph Smith III, her father, and other relatives in the Latter Day Saint movement, Kennedy produced a number of writings, revelations and prophecies which circulated among church membership. A month before her eightieth birthday in 1949, Kennedy wrote in a letter to a relative: I just am very much alive in the onward march of this church of ours and have a gift that helps many, the gift of prophecy. I have foretold some things and they have come to pass...It sounds rather\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12838820\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Graham Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"heavy smoking. Actor Graeme Blundell, who had worked with Kennedy on the movie \\\"The Odd Angry Shot\\\", published a biography of Kennedy, \\\"King: The Life and Comedy of Graham Kennedy\\\" (McMillan, 2003). A newspaper report stated that Kennedy \\\"\\\"passed on his best wishes but declined to be involved 'for no particular reason [...] other than he believes he has a limited memory of many of the facts of his life'.\\\"\\\" The book, which was completed before Kennedy's death, ends with \\\"\\\"Graham read them [chapters of an early draft] ... asked if he wished to read any more, 'No', Graham Kennedy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4756760\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"After the Fall (play)\",\n \"text\": \"Monroe. In fact, the feelings of the protagonist, Quentin, are often believed to be Miller's own reflections about his failed marriage. For example, according to Sarah Bradford, in her biography \\\"America's Queen: The Life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\\\", “Jackie, who had admired Arthur Miller enough to seat him at her table at the Malraux dinner, turned on him for his betrayal of Marilyn in his play \\\"After the Fall\\\", which opened in New York on January 23, 1964. For [Jackie Kennedy] loyalty was the ultimate test of character, and in portraying Marilyn as a self-destructive slut whom he had abandoned\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8183725\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"The Graham Kennedy Show\",\n \"text\": \"at legal action should they do so. Rather than removing him, the ABCB banned Kennedy from appearing live, forcing him to pre-record the show on videotape. Some have claimed that Kennedy deliberately engineered the crow call incident so that the show would have to be prerecorded, allowing him to get home earlier, while others suggest that he did it so that Nine would sack him. In 2002, in \\\"The Age\\\" newspaper, writer Jonathan Green reported that the crow call segment was in fact pretaped and that the controversy was probably just a pretext for other issues. Rival Nine personality Ernie\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6257239\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie DeShannon\",\n \"text\": \"Top Ten UK and US hit \\\"Come and Stay With Me\\\", which became Faithfull's biggest UK hit, peaking at #4 in 1965. That same year, Cher covered the song on her solo debut album \\\"All I Really Want to Do\\\". It would be three more years before Jackie DeShannon would record the song for herself, on her 'Laurel Canyon' album in 1968. She also appeared on the television show \\\"Ready Steady Go!\\\" Moving to New York City, DeShannon co-wrote with Randy Newman, producing such songs as \\\"She Don't Understand Him Like I Do\\\" and \\\"Did He Call Today Mama?\\\", as\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2156919\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Adrian Kennedy (journalist)\",\n \"text\": \"Herald Ireland newspaper in Dublin - and a weekly panelist on RTE1’s Today Show with Maura & Daithi. Kennedy married his second wife Linda in December 2017. He has two adult children from his first marriage. Adrian Kennedy (journalist) Adrian Kennedy is an Irish radio journalist, broadcaster and DJ. He was host and producer of The FM104 Phoneshow; a late night radio chat show - alongside co-host Jeremy Dixon, from 1997-2013. For his 17 years at the helm the FM104 Phoneshow was the highest rated night-time radio show in Ireland. Kennedy was once described as a \\\"shock jock\\\" by the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16712330\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Mary Olivia Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Mary Olivia Kennedy Mary Olivia Kennedy (born 17 September 1880 in Dublin – died 18 December 1943 in Dublin) was a journalist based in Dublin and London, and the first woman staff reporter of The Times newspaper. Daughter of a prominent surgeon, Hugh Boyle Kennedy, and younger sister of Hugh Kennedy K.C., first Chief Justice of the Irish Free State from 1924 to 1936. She was educated at Loreto College, St Stephen's Green, Dublin, and like her brother attended University College Dublin, where she graduated with honours. Before joining \\\"The Times\\\" in 1917, Kennedy was the theatre critic and book\",\n \"psg_id\": \"18571052\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis\",\n \"text\": \"aspirational figure of that era, one whose privilege might not be easily reached by a majority of Americans but which others could strive to emulate\\\". Since the late 2000s, Kennedy's traditional persona has been invoked by commentators when referring to fashionable political spouses. A wide variety of commentators have credited Kennedy with restoring the White House; the list includes Hugh Sidey, Leticia Baldridge, Laura Bush, Kathleen P. Galop, and Carl Anthony. Tina Turner and Jackie Joyner-Kersee have cited Kennedy as influencing them. Jacqueline Kennedy became a global fashion icon during her husband's presidency. After the 1960 election, she commissioned French-born\",\n \"psg_id\": \"741884\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Clune\",\n \"text\": \"the Equity Committee since 2013. • United Agents Jackie Clune Jackie Clune (born 13 December 1965) is a British entertainer and writer. She became established through her Edinburgh Fringe one woman cabaret shows and her 1995 Karen Carpenter tribute act before graduating to mainstream acting. Jackie Clune is the third of four children born in Harlow, Essex, to Irish Roman Catholic parents: her late father, Don Clune (died August 2010), was a buyer for a computer firm, her mother a nurse. The writer Maggie Clune is her sister. Jackie Clune graduated with a degree in drama from the University of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5928423\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Clune\",\n \"text\": \"Jackie Clune Jackie Clune (born 13 December 1965) is a British entertainer and writer. She became established through her Edinburgh Fringe one woman cabaret shows and her 1995 Karen Carpenter tribute act before graduating to mainstream acting. Jackie Clune is the third of four children born in Harlow, Essex, to Irish Roman Catholic parents: her late father, Don Clune (died August 2010), was a buyer for a computer firm, her mother a nurse. The writer Maggie Clune is her sister. Jackie Clune graduated with a degree in drama from the University of Kent. On graduation from university, she became a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5928412\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Placement marriage\",\n \"text\": \"of as the \\\"Kingston group\\\"), Righteous Branch of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, True and Living Church of Jesus Christ of Saints of the Last Days, and the Centennial Park group (also known of as \\\"The Work of Jesus Christ\\\" or just \\\"The Work\\\"). Placement marriage is a practice that uniquely belongs to the FLDS Church, although there may be some similarities between the beliefs in marriage practices with the Latter Day Church of Christ. The idea of placement marriage within the FLDS Church did not exist prior to the 1940s. The group which eventually became known\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12317920\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jacqueline (given name)\",\n \"text\": \"variants in both spelling and pronunciation have come into use, such as Jacquelyn, Jackeline, Jackielyn, Jacklyn, and Jaclyn. The diminutive for Jacqueline is Jacquie, Jackie, Jacque or Jacqui, which also has many variants. Jacqueline is a very popular female first name, used in the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, France, Australia, South Africa and elsewhere. One of the most famous persons to bear the name in the twentieth century is Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, née Jacqueline Lee Bouvier, often referred to as Jackie Kennedy following her marriage to U.S. President John F. Kennedy from 1953 to 1963. The name's popular image\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10246940\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Just Before I Go\",\n \"text\": \"Just Before I Go Just Before I Go, previously entitled Hello I Must Be Going, is a 2014 black comedy drama film directed by Courteney Cox, in her second directorial effort (following her debut with the Lifetime original film TalhotBlond), from a screenplay written by David Flebotte, starring Seann William Scott, Elisha Cuthbert, Olivia Thirlby, Garret Dillahunt, and Kate Walsh. The film premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 24, 2014, and it was released in select theaters on April 24, 2015. Ted Morgan decides to commit suicide; but before he goes, he returns to his hometown to settle\",\n \"psg_id\": \"17458294\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Jackie Marone\",\n \"text\": \"Stephanie pay for what she did to his mother. However, events have come forward that Jackie lied about how her accident happened; and also some shameful secrets from her past have come to light. It was discovered that she slept with several sea captains that worked for Marone Industries who came into Seattle for money when Nick was very young; Nick found that untenable, and as such disowned Jackie due to her having been a prostitute. With the help of the psychiatrist Taylor Hayes, Nick has since forgiven Jackie and they once again had a strong relationship. In an attempt\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8097738\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Susan Kennedy\",\n \"text\": \"Susan Kennedy Susan Kennedy (also Smith and Kinski), is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera \\\"Neighbours\\\", played by Jackie Woodburne. The character and her family were created by storyliners in an attempt to bring the show back to its roots. Susan made her first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 3 October 1994, along with her eldest son and daughter. The storyliners made Susan a teacher at Erinsborough High to give her immediate links with other characters. Since her introduction, Susan's personality and appearance have been through several changes. Her storylines have seen her begin a relationship\",\n \"psg_id\": \"7665116\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Kennedy pink Chanel suit\",\n \"text\": \"the suit for the 2016 film \\\"Jackie\\\", with Natalie Portman portraying Kennedy; the buttons, chain, and label were provided by Chanel. Costume designer Jane Petrie recreated the suit for the second season of \\\"The Crown\\\"'s eighth episode, \\\"Dear Mrs. Kennedy\\\". In the \\\"Simpsons\\\" episode 'Scenes from the Class Struggle in Springfield', Marge Simpson's Chanel outfit was modelled upon Kennedy's suit. Kennedy pink Chanel suit A pink Chanel suit was worn by Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy on November 22, 1963, when her husband, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Made of wool bouclé, the double-breasted, strawberry pink and navy\",\n \"psg_id\": \"15572854\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["washington times (original)","washington times-herald","washington times herald"],"string":"[\n \"washington times (original)\",\n \"washington times-herald\",\n \"washington times herald\"\n]","isConversational":false}}},{"rowIdx":99,"cells":{"question":{"kind":"string","value":"what are the international registration letters of a vehicle from turkey?"},"positive_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Turkey","text":"original 67 provinces are newer additions, these province names go chronologically. Vehicle registration plates of Turkey Turkish car number plates are license plates found on Turkish vehicles. The plates use an indirect numbering system associated with the geographical info. In Turkey, license plates are made by authorized private workshops. The license plate is rectangular in shape and made of aluminum. On the left, there is the country code \"TR\" in a 4×10 cm blue stripe like in EU countries (without the 12 golden stars). The text is in black characters on white background, and for official vehicles white on black.","psg_id":"4904379"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Turkey\",\n \"text\": \"original 67 provinces are newer additions, these province names go chronologically. Vehicle registration plates of Turkey Turkish car number plates are license plates found on Turkish vehicles. The plates use an indirect numbering system associated with the geographical info. In Turkey, license plates are made by authorized private workshops. The license plate is rectangular in shape and made of aluminum. On the left, there is the country code \\\"TR\\\" in a 4×10 cm blue stripe like in EU countries (without the 12 golden stars). The text is in black characters on white background, and for official vehicles white on black.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4904379\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[],"string":"[]","isConversational":false},"hard_negative_ctxs":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh In Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) issues vehicle registration plates for motor vehicles. The vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh use the Bengali alphabet and Bengali numerals. The current version of vehicle registration plates started in 1973. The international vehicle registration code for Bangladesh is BD. The general format of vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh is \"city - vehicle class letter and number - vehicle number\". For example, : \"DHAKA-D-11-9999\". The \"DHAKA\" field represents the city name in Bengali letters, the \"D\" field represents the vehicle class in Bengali letters, the \"11\" field represents","psg_id":"16284064"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba The current vehicle registration plate system of Cuba was introduced in May 2013. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, completely replacing the previous system introduced in 2002.The international vehicle registration code for Cuba is C. From the 1950s through 1978, and again from 2002 through 2013, plates were North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). Cuban vehicle registration plates contained three letters and three numbers. The colour of plates is also an important identification element. Ordinary (non-special) licence plates have also a number on the lower central","psg_id":"12471986"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba","text":"and four numbers, and texts \"U.S.N.B.\" and \"Gtmo Bay Cuba\". Vehicle registration plates of Cuba The current vehicle registration plate system of Cuba was introduced in May 2013. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, completely replacing the previous system introduced in 2002.The international vehicle registration code for Cuba is C. From the 1950s through 1978, and again from 2002 through 2013, plates were North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). Cuban vehicle registration plates contained three letters and three numbers. The colour of plates is also an important identification element. Ordinary (non-special)","psg_id":"12471991"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonian registration plates of vehicle consist of a two-letter region code, followed by a 4-digit numeric (before 2012 was 3-digits) and a 2-letter alpha code (e.g. SK 2345 MG). There is a blue field on the left side with the international country code for Macedonia - MK. License numeric code contains combination of four digits (0-9), while two letter alpha code is made of combination of letters using English alphabetical order. The standard registration plates of vehicle, dimensions are 520 × 110 mm. Issuance of current registration plates started from February 20,","psg_id":"10263793"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands","text":"Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands are vehicle registration plates issued by the Netherlands Vehicle Authority, RDW (). RDW vehicle registration plates are assigned bearing the same \"number\" (a sequence of characters composed of letters and digits) as that shown on the vehicle's registration document. The numbering scheme used bears no relation to the place of a vehicle's registration or ownership, and numbers – which are issued in strict time order – identify the vehicle, not its owner. Thus, if a vehicle changes ownership, the registration number remains unchanged. The Netherlands introduced a system","psg_id":"4115159"},{"title":"International vehicle registration code","text":"International vehicle registration code The country in which a motor vehicle's vehicle registration plate was issued may be indicated by an international licence plate country code, formerly known as an International Registration Letter or International Circulation Mark. The sign must be displayed on the rear of the vehicle. The sign may either be placed separately from the registration plate, or be incorporated into the vehicle registration plate. The allocation of codes is maintained by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe as the \"Distinguishing Signs Used on Vehicles in International Traffic\" (sometimes abbreviated to DSIT), authorised by the UN's Geneva","psg_id":"2490779"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plate","text":"registration plates. There are six types of Russian registration plates. Vehicle registration plates are white and have three black letters followed by a space and then three digits. The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, although the last digit shows what month the car has to undergo vehicle inspection. Vehicles like police cars, fire trucks, public buses and trolley buses use the same type of plate as normal private cars, and cannot be directly distinguished by the plate alone. Taxis have yellow plates, with the same three letters and digits as 'normal' cars,","psg_id":"1795230"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia","text":"Տ standing for transport vehicles. Armenian registration plates with region codes 22 and 90 are used in Artsakh (for example, \"(AM) 90 SO 123\"). Vehicle registration plates of Armenia Vehicle registration plates of Armenia have black characters on a rectangular white background. They are composed of two or three numbers, two letters (smaller than the digits) in the middle, and two (or three) other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \"\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license","psg_id":"14964181"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Iceland","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Iceland Vehicle registration plates in Iceland are issued by the Icelandic Transport Authority and are made in the state penitentiary. The plates are made of aluminium with reflective base and embossed characters. The current registration system uses three letters and two digits or two letters and three digits in Helvetica Neue. The plates are issued randomly, they are not issued sequentially and they do not have any geographic coding. There are no special letters or number series for special vehicle types (this may vary depending on type of plates, see chart below.) The registration system was","psg_id":"9516676"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh","text":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh have black characters on a rectangular white background. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, and are composed of two numbers, two letters in the middle, and two or three other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \"\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag of Armenia. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license plates have a flag of Armenia on the left side, a security","psg_id":"20628671"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus Belarusian vehicle registration plates are currently composed of four digits, two letters and another digit (e.g. 1234 AB-5). The first of the letters and the final digit indicate the region of Belarus in which the car was registered. Vehicles owned by foreign companies use black-on-yellow plates, and the numbers and letters appear in a different order (e.g. M 1223). The diplomatic series uses white letters on a red background, also in a different order from standard plates (e.g. CD 1234-5). Soviet-era registration plates for Belarus carried a pair of two-digit numbers followed by letters in","psg_id":"11942429"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia Vehicle registration plates of Estonia are divided into 18 categories, the most common of these (A1) is composed of three numbers and three letters (e.g. 123 ABC). Most registration plate types have black letters on a white background, and the plates are the same size and length as other European plates (520 × 113 mm). Previously the first of the three letters indicated the region of Estonia in which the car was registered; however, as of 2013, this is no longer the case. The third digit from the numbers indicated states when the car is","psg_id":"11952390"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan are issued by an agency of the provincial or territorial government. Generally, the appearance of plates is frequently chosen to contain symbols, colours, or slogans associated with the issuing jurisdiction. All vehicle registration plates use the Latin alphabet. Every vehicle has a unique registration plate number in Pakistan. Vehicle registration plate numbers are usually assigned in ascending order, beginning with a starting point such as AAA-001. Thus, someone familiar with the sequence can determine roughly when the vehicle registration plate was issued. The letters I, O and U are not","psg_id":"10290509"},{"title":"Letters from Turkey","text":"Letters from Turkey Letters from Turkey are actually memoirs written by Europeans who had been to Ottoman Empire. Usually, the series of letters had been collected and published later on with various titles. But they are popularly known as Letters from Turkey or Turkish letters. Below is the summary of these. Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq (1522-1592) was a diplomat in the Holy Roman Empire. He was sent to the Ottoman Empire to discuss the disputed territory of Transylvania (modern west Romania) in 1554. During his stay his addresses were Rüstem Pasha and Semiz Ali Pasha both of which were grand","psg_id":"14596471"},{"title":"Letters from Turkey","text":"the Habsburg Monarchy. Although backed by Ottoman Empire, Hungarian rebels were defeated and had to choose a life in exile. After 1715, Mikes spent the rest of his life in Tekirdağ, a city near to İstanbul (also known as Constantinople). His work is known as \"Letters from Turkey\". Helmuth von Moltke the Elder (1800-1891) was an officier in Prussian army. He spent four years in the Ottoman Empire as a military advisor between 1835-1839. Upon returning to Germany, he published \"Letters on Conditions and Events in Turkey in the Years 1835 to 1839\". Letters from Turkey Letters from Turkey are","psg_id":"14596473"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden Vehicle registration plates of Sweden are used for most types of vehicles in Sweden. They have three letters first, a space and three digits after (e.g. ABC 123). The combination is simply a serial number and has no connection with a geographic location. The last digit is used to show what month the car has to undergo vehicle inspection. Vehicles like police cars, fire trucks, public buses and trolley buses use the same type of plate as normal private cars and cannot be directly distinguished by the plate alone. Military vehicles have special plates. Ordinary","psg_id":"6722171"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia","text":"which Greek border guards cover the letters \"MK\" on Macedonian vehicle plates with a sticker, in Greek and English, reading: “Recognized by Greece as FYROM”. Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonian registration plates of vehicle consist of a two-letter region code, followed by a 4-digit numeric (before 2012 was 3-digits) and a 2-letter alpha code (e.g. SK 2345 MG). There is a blue field on the left side with the international country code for Macedonia - MK. License numeric code contains combination of four digits (0-9), while two letter alpha code is made of combination of letters","psg_id":"10263796"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia All motorized vehicles including motorcycles in Indonesia are required to have registration plates. The plates must be displayed in front and at the back of the vehicles. Except for some special cases (see below), every vehicle license plate in Indonesia follows the following format: LL NNNN LL where \"L\" are letters of the Latin alphabet, and \"N\" numbers from \"0\" to \"9\" (note that the first number is never a \"0\"). The first single or double letters denote the area of registration. This is followed by numbers, which can range from one to four digits.","psg_id":"3742237"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Abkhazia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Abkhazia The government of the Republic of Abkhazia, which considers itself independent from Georgia, issues its own vehicle registration plates for the motor vehicles registered in the territory it controls. The design of the plates is based on that of Russian license plates, although Abkhazian plates lack the regional coding of Russian plates. The license plate serial format consists of a letter followed by three digits and then two more letters. The letters are Cyrillic, but only thirteen letters reminiscent of letters of the Latin alphabet are used: А, Б, В, Е, К, М, Н, О,","psg_id":"12010190"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia Vehicle registration plates of Armenia have black characters on a rectangular white background. They are composed of two or three numbers, two letters (smaller than the digits) in the middle, and two (or three) other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \"\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license plates have a national flag on the left side, a security hologram and a machinery readable Data Matrix Code. Formerly, Armenia used to have","psg_id":"14964176"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Isle of Man","text":"registered vehicles in the Isle of Man. Number plates are produced and supplied privately, not by the government. The name of the supplying car dealer is often displayed along the bottom of the plate. Registrations can be transferred from vehicle to vehicle. The official car of the Lieutenant Governor carries the registration number MAN-1. Registrations including the numbers 999 or 112 (for example, BMN-999-A) are used for emergency vehicles, but not exclusively. Trade plates have red letters on a white background, and display a number prefixed by MNA. Vehicle registration plates of the Isle of Man Vehicle registration began in","psg_id":"11769800"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Guyana","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Guyana The design for vehicle registration glates of Guyana consist of simple white lettering on a black plate. The format is 2 or 3 letters followed by 4 numbers. The 4 numbers are between 1 and 9999 with no leading zero. The first letter is the vehicle type and are as follows: Diplomatic plates have black lettering on a yellow plate and dealer plates have red lettering on a white plate. The series is indicated by the following one or two letters and it indicates the time at which the vehicle was registered. Some letters may","psg_id":"14632644"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark","text":"serial letters \"GR\" reserved for Greenland. The EU stripe is not applicable since Greenland is a non-EU member. Vehicle registration plates of Denmark Vehicle registration plates in Denmark normally have two letters and five digits and are issued by authorities. Plates can be obtained at authorized car dealers, vehicle inspection stations or official registration centers (Skat Motor center) The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, but the digits have number series based on vehicle type. Danish license plates do not follow the owner or the vehicle, when a car is sold the plates","psg_id":"8843945"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Russia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Russia Vehicle registration plates are the mandatory number plates used to display the registration mark of a vehicle, and have existed in Russia for many decades. Most motor vehicles which are used on public roads are required by law to display them. Having them covered by snow or mud constitutes an administrative offense, that leads to a fine. So does covering them with a piece of paper, or any other tool that makes any of the digits and letters illegible. The current format uses a letter followed by 3 digits and two more letters. To improve","psg_id":"8021036"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados Barbadian Vehicle registration plates consist of letters and numbers. The Barbados Licensing Authority issues licence plates to all new motor vehicle owners. Each licence plate has one or two letters which represents the part of the island which the vehicle's owner resides or previously resided at the time the vehicle was registered. The first part consists of one or two letters which determine the part of the island the registration is from, or category of vehicle. The breakdown is as follows. For the parish of Christ Church, 'X' represents Jesus Christ and therefore 'X' is","psg_id":"9096133"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark Vehicle registration plates in Denmark normally have two letters and five digits and are issued by authorities. Plates can be obtained at authorized car dealers, vehicle inspection stations or official registration centers (Skat Motor center) The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, but the digits have number series based on vehicle type. Danish license plates do not follow the owner or the vehicle, when a car is sold the plates are turned in and the new owner must apply for new plates. Exception is from this rule when","psg_id":"8843941"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Thailand","text":"Ministry of Transport regulations. Current style started in 1975 for most vehicle types, but with small changes in 1997, and 1997 for motorcycles. All license plates are rectangular, with variations in size and color according to the class of the vehicle. Most plates prominently display the vehicle registration ID, which usually consists of Thai letters and a number string. The province of registration is shown below the ID. The letters are embossed, and all plates must also be embossed with a seal bearing the letters \"ขส\". The current designs are regulated by the notification of the Department of Land Transport","psg_id":"11470881"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country)","text":"containing the letters \"GA\" above each other. The code was two Latin letters followed by three numerals, with a safety hologram separating them. Dimensions are by . Regular military license plates receive a green strip on the left. Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country) Vehicle registration plates of Georgia are composed of an embossed serial of two letters, a hyphen, three numbers, a hyphen, and two letters (e.g. AB-123-AB), in black on a white background with a blue vertical strip on the left. The plates are issued in the Latin alphabet. Georgian registration plates are the same size as the","psg_id":"11998328"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia","text":"but rather served to inform that the vehicle had been registered in the Estonian SSR. There were plans to introduce an additional ЕС suffix, but as this occurred just before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the mark was subsequently allocated to the Russian city of St. Petersburg. Vehicle registration plates of Estonia Vehicle registration plates of Estonia are divided into 18 categories, the most common of these (A1) is composed of three numbers and three letters (e.g. 123 ABC). Most registration plate types have black letters on a white background, and the plates are the same size and length","psg_id":"11952392"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus","text":"car was registered, the second being taken from the series A, B, C, E, I, K, M, H, P, O, T, X: Vehicle registration plates of Belarus Belarusian vehicle registration plates are currently composed of four digits, two letters and another digit (e.g. 1234 AB-5). The first of the letters and the final digit indicate the region of Belarus in which the car was registered. Vehicles owned by foreign companies use black-on-yellow plates, and the numbers and letters appear in a different order (e.g. M 1223). The diplomatic series uses white letters on a red background, also in a different","psg_id":"11942431"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan Vehicle license plates in Bhutan are issued and regulated by the Road Safety and Transport Authority of The Royal Government of Bhutan. Until 1990, vehicle registration plates had a group of three letters on the left, indicating the region and class of registration, followed by 4 digit numeric value. For example, BWP 1001 signified, Western region, Private vehicle with number 1001. Now however, this scheme has been discontinued for the newer licensing scheme launched in 1990. The current format is XX-N-X0000, where, The current license plate for private vehicles in Bhutan is composed of letters","psg_id":"12805380"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados","text":"outside Barbados is 'BDS'. Owners may use white on black plates, front and rear, or black on white (front) and yellow(rear). Vehicle registration plates of Barbados Barbadian Vehicle registration plates consist of letters and numbers. The Barbados Licensing Authority issues licence plates to all new motor vehicle owners. Each licence plate has one or two letters which represents the part of the island which the vehicle's owner resides or previously resided at the time the vehicle was registered. The first part consists of one or two letters which determine the part of the island the registration is from, or category","psg_id":"9096136"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka","text":"with the Sinhala script letter Sri (ශ්රී) in the middle was introduced, this started from Reg no \"1 Sri 1\". The current version started in 2000. It was developed by the German Utsch AG using a variation of the FE-Schrift. As of 2013 a new system with 3 English letters starting from AAA 0001 has been introduced. The international vehicle registration code for Sri Lanka is CL. Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka (known in Sri Lanka as \"number plates\") started soon after introduction of motorcars in 1903. Initially the numbers started with Q,","psg_id":"16833476"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Greece","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Greece Greek vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e.g. codice_1) printed in black on a white background. The letters represent the district (prefecture) that issues the plates while the numbers begin from 1000 to 9999. As from 2004, a blue strip was added on the left showing the country code of Greece (GR) in white text and the Flag of Europe. Similar plates with digits beginning from 1 to 999 are issued for motorcycles which exceed 50 cc. With the exception of Athens and Thessaloniki, all districts are represented","psg_id":"4152661"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Austria","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Austria Austrian car number plates are mandatory vehicle registration plates displaying the registration mark () of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to verify street legality, proof of a valid liability insurance and to identify and recognise the vehicle. The license plates are made of metal; the imprinted text is in black letters and digits on a white background. Since November 1, 2002 the common design comprises a blue section on the left with the EU circle of stars and the country code ('A') like other vehicle registration plates of the European Union. On the","psg_id":"4891814"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe Since 2006 vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe are composed of three letters and four numbers (e.g. ABC 1234). The dimensions of Zimbabwean number plates are the same as British plates, but now use the FE-Schrift typeface, used for German vehicle registration plates. They were introduced before independence from Britain, when the country was known as Rhodesia and were not changed by the government following independence in 1980. For private vehicles, characters are in black on a yellow background, although white backgrounds were introduced in 2006. For commercial vehicles, characters are in red on a white","psg_id":"14306312"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Czech Republic","text":"Vehicle registration plates of the Czech Republic As of the year 2017 there are two different valid systems of vehicle registration plates in the Czech Republic. The new Czech vehicle registration plate system was introduced between 29 June 2001 and 17 July 2001. The first letter from the left represents the region (Kraj), and then there follows a combination of letters or numbers numbered upward from 1X0 0001, where X is the letter of the region. In 2009, both Prague (A) and Středočeský kraj/Central Bohemia (S) reached the combination of six 9s in their license plates and started issuing a","psg_id":"10037063"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan","text":"letters identifying the non-individual car (for example: A 001 AA) or of a single letter identifying the area and three digits and three letters identifying the individual car (for example: A 585 CUO) Special registration plates also exist. Cars registered to non-Kazakh individuals and organizations have registration plates with black letters on a yellow background. Diplomatic vehicles use registration plates with white letters on a red background. Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan The current format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan uses black letters on a white background with a Kazakh Flag and the country code KZ on the left.","psg_id":"12946601"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Greece","text":"4 numerals is used. Vehicle registration plates of Greece Greek vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e.g. codice_1) printed in black on a white background. The letters represent the district (prefecture) that issues the plates while the numbers begin from 1000 to 9999. As from 2004, a blue strip was added on the left showing the country code of Greece (GR) in white text and the Flag of Europe. Similar plates with digits beginning from 1 to 999 are issued for motorcycles which exceed 50 cc. With the exception of Athens and Thessaloniki,","psg_id":"4152669"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country)","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country) Vehicle registration plates of Georgia are composed of an embossed serial of two letters, a hyphen, three numbers, a hyphen, and two letters (e.g. AB-123-AB), in black on a white background with a blue vertical strip on the left. The plates are issued in the Latin alphabet. Georgian registration plates are the same size as the most common European registration plate. All plates have the abbreviation \"GE\" in the lower left corner of the plate and the national flag in the upper left corner. This set of new style registration plates have been in","psg_id":"11998323"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Turkmenistan","text":"Cyrillic letters indicating where the vehicle was first registered. 1994 saw the introduction of the current format, which is intended to comply more closely with international norms. Major changes include the switch from Cyrillic letters to Latin, and the presence of the Turkmen flag with the two-letter country code TM on the left of the plate. Unusually, the alphanumerics are rendered in a mix of DIN 1451 and the unnamed font formerly used on French registration plates. The current format is: XX 99 99 XX while the last two letters is based on geographic location. Diplomatic plates are blue with","psg_id":"16833478"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Brazil","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Brazil Brazilian vehicle registration plates are issued by the states. Each state has a \"Departamento de Trânsito\" (DETRAN) that is charged with vehicle registration and car tax collection, but plates are standardized across the country and form a national vehicle registration database. The current system, being phased out in favor of Mercosul standard plates, was created in 1990 and was named \"Registro Nacional de Veículos Automotores\" (RENAVAM). It uses the form \"LLL·NNNN\", where LLL is a three-letter combination followed by a four-digit number with a dot between the letters and numbers. A combination given to one","psg_id":"9558432"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan The current format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan uses black letters on a white background with a Kazakh Flag and the country code KZ on the left. The two digit area code is located on the square located on the right and the rest of the plate follows the format 111AAA. This format was introduced in 2011 and was implemented from August 2012. This format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan used black letters on a white background. Each registration plate consisted of a single letter identifying the area and three digits and two","psg_id":"12946600"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar","text":"letters are assigned consecutively for approved vehicles. Vehicles government departments have awarded red flags are like the normal license plate with black or white text, numbers and letter combinations. Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar The vehicle registration plates of Madagascar are created in 1950 from time to time with the revised version in 2014. It contains a black plate consisting with white characters with the current format (1234 XAB) with 4 random numbers, with the first letter as a province code, and the last 2 random letters. The license plate system of Madagascar draws on the system of France actively","psg_id":"19320880"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Moldova","text":"or district of registration, followed by two other letters indicating the series and three digits: Vehicle registration plates of Moldova License plates in Moldova were introduced on November 30, 1992. Currently issued plates consist of six black characters on a white background: three letters and three numbers. On the left part of the plates there is a modified, wider than usual blue euroband having the Moldovan flag instead of the EU symbol and the international country code MD underneath it. The plates are 520 mm wide and 112 mm high, made of metal with embossed characters using the FE-Schrift font.","psg_id":"11378353"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Latvia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Latvia Vehicle registration plates of Latvia consist of two letters (trailers plates have one letter), a hyphen and one to four numbers \"(depending on the age of registration)\", e.g., AB-1234, Current plates have black characters on white reflective material for both front and rear plates. After Latvia regained independence in 1991, vehicle registration plates of the Soviet Union with Latin letters LA and LT were used until 1993, when the new type of vehicle registration plates were introduced. Up until 2004 a small Latvian national flag with the initials LV would have been used on the","psg_id":"11952683"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plate","text":"a new vehicle, the registering state issues a registration plate to the vehicle rather than owner, and the serial stays with the vehicle for its life. Some provinces issue plates in which the letters and numbers are embossed so that they are slightly raised above its surface. Others issue flat plates. The territory of Nunavut introduced the first flat registration plate in Canada in 2012–2013. When a person moves from one province to another, they are normally required to obtain new registration plates issued by the new place of residence. In the Canadian provinces and territories of Alberta, Newfoundland and","psg_id":"1795178"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Albania","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Albania In Albania, vehicle registration plates are issued by the regional directorates of transport. A new format similar to the post-1994 Italian and post-2009 French plate designs has been introduced since 16 February 2011. The plates start with a blue strip at the left with 'AL' and redesigned double-headed eagle in white, 2 serial letters, security hologram, 3 digits, 2 serial letters on a rectangular white background, and end on the right with year of registration and regional code in white on a blue strip. It has been observed that the last two identification elements are","psg_id":"10972562"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Nigeria","text":"red background with white lettering, and consist of up to three numbers, followed by CD or CMD and another number. Instead of the name of the state, they read CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE. Cars of the consular corps have instead the letters CC or CORPS CONSULAIRE. Vehicle registration plates of Nigeria Nigerian vehicle registration plates in current used were introduced in 1992 and revised in 2011. Nigeria and Liberia are the only two African countries that use the North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). The international code for Nigeria is \"WAN\" (West Africa Nigeria). The license plates","psg_id":"16569312"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Slovenia","text":"at the rear. On regular issue license plates, the first 2 letters before the shield sticker denote the region where the car was initially registered. Further division is made by the coat of arms of the corresponding city, placed after the regional area letters to denote subdivisions. Vehicle registration plates of Slovenia Slovenian car number plates are vehicle registration plates found on Slovenian cars. The registration plates are made of metal. On the left there is a blue bar as in other EU countries (in use since 2004) along with tamper-proof text up to 2008; the text is in black","psg_id":"10269431"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan","text":"yellow background. The first three characters of the plate are RBG, followed by four digits of vehicle number. Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan Vehicle license plates in Bhutan are issued and regulated by the Road Safety and Transport Authority of The Royal Government of Bhutan. Until 1990, vehicle registration plates had a group of three letters on the left, indicating the region and class of registration, followed by 4 digit numeric value. For example, BWP 1001 signified, Western region, Private vehicle with number 1001. Now however, this scheme has been discontinued for the newer licensing scheme launched in 1990. The","psg_id":"12805383"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Norway","text":"practice is to use the earliest known or available single-letter plates on which the car was registered. County (name before / from 1918): Vehicle registration plates of Norway The registration plates of cars in Norway is maintained by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. As in most countries, cars are identified only by number plates read visually. The plates are legal documents that both identifies the vehicle and permits its use, and shall be returned to the registration authority when the vehicle is no longer in use. The current alphanumerical system (two letters followed by four or five numbers)","psg_id":"5872681"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Israel","text":"with black registration number. Diplomatic/Consular Corps registration numbers consist of the letters CD/CC (respectively) and seven digits—the last two of them are 21 or 22. Private vehicles owned by a member of a diplomatic/consular mission and originally brought from the member's country of origin do not consist of the letters CD/CC, but the last two digits remain 21 or 22. Honorary consuls' vehicles carry plates consisting of the letters CC without the final digits of 21 or 22, even though the vehicle is registered under a civil registration number. The use of the 7-digit registration plate in Israel began in","psg_id":"12617409"},{"title":"Diplomatic vehicle registration plate","text":"diplomatic license plates vary from country to country. They often feature the letters \"CD\" (for \"\"Corps Diplomatique\"\"), \"D\" (for \"Diplomat\") or prefix of international organisations with diplomatic privileges, such as \"EU\" (for \"EUROPEAN UNION\") and \"OSCE\" (for \"Organization For Security And Co-operation In Europe\"). Diplomatic vehicle registration plate Most countries issue diplomatic license plates to accredited diplomats. Per the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, these are special vehicle registration plates which typically have distinctive features to allow diplomatic vehicles to be distinguished from other vehicles by police and other bodies, allowing them to give diplomatic vehicles special treatment and warning","psg_id":"19208539"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Australia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Australia Australian vehicle registration plates or number plates are issued by state, territory, and Commonwealth governments, and the armed forces of Australia. The plates are associated with a vehicle and are generally intended to last for the time the vehicle remains registered in the state, though as they become unreadable (or for other reasons) they may be recalled or replaced with newer ones. From the 1970s until the late 1990s, most Australian plates were of the form xxx·xxx (with x being either letters or numbers)—for example, aaa·nnn in Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and the","psg_id":"3782265"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh","text":"the vehicle class in Bengali numerals and the \"9999\" field represents the vehicle number of the vehicle in Bengali numerals. The plates are installed in both the front and rear of the vehicle, with the rear plate permanently attached to the vehicle. The plate is only removed when the vehicle has reached the end of service and has been sold for scrap. New vehicles are not delivered to the purchaser until the plates have been attached at the dealership. The letters permitted in the vehicle registration plate are: The numerals permitted in the vehicle registration plate are: The vehicle class","psg_id":"16284065"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Cyprus","text":"the civilian vehicles, except with prefix \"ZZ\" and blue letters. Since 2004 they are no longer issued. Temporary follows the format of the civilian vehicles except with \"ZT\" prefix and blue letters, with addition of the prefix in after numbers. Previously, the presidential plate had no serial numbers but just the abbreviation of KKTCB () However, this was changed in 2015, with the coat of arms being displayed in gold on a red plate. Vehicle registration plates of Cyprus The vehicle registration plates of Cyprus are composed of three letters and three digits (e.g. \"ABC 123\"). A simple incremental numbering","psg_id":"12009651"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador Vehicle registration in Ecuador is composed of two parts. The plates are 154 mm high and 404 mm wide and are reflective in order to improve their visibility. The unique letter-number combination consists of three letters followed by three or four digits ranging from 000 to 9999. Formats in use are ABC-123 (old format) and ABC-1234 (new format). The word \"Ecuador\" appears in uppercase letters at the top of the plate. The first letter in the letter-number combination indicates the province of issue. The second letter, also called the \"key letter\", identifies the type of","psg_id":"12622485"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador Vehicle registration in Ecuador is composed of two parts. The plates are 154 mm high and 404 mm wide and are reflective in order to improve their visibility. The unique letter-number combination consists of three letters followed by three or four digits ranging from 000 to 9999. Formats in use are ABC-123 (old format) and ABC-1234 (new format). The word \"Ecuador\" appears in uppercase letters at the top of the plate. The first letter in the letter-number combination indicates the province of issue. The second letter, also called the \"key letter\", identifies the type of","psg_id":"12622480"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan are usually composed of two numbers (identifying the vehicle registration department), a hyphen, two letters, a hyphen and three numbers (e.g. 10-JA-234), the plates are coloured black font on a white background. The plates are the same size as European plates and usually have an Azerbaijan flag and the initials 'AZ' on the left side. According to Olavsplates, new style plates with a rectangular flag and a microchip are being introduced, but pictures of such plates are missing and very hard to find on the web. Since January 2011 the","psg_id":"11998497"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar","text":"in series D. The European flag is also now featured, along with Gibraltar's international vehicle registration GBZ. Vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar The vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar are similar to those of the United Kingdom, with the same colours and typeface, which conform to 1998 European standard design. The international vehicle registration code for Gibraltar is GBZ (Great Britain and Northern GBG is used for Guernsey. Number plates in Gibraltar have the same measurements as those in the UK: From 1912 to 2001 Gibraltar number plates consisted of the letter 'G' (for Gibraltar) followed by a series of digits","psg_id":"11468463"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Taiwan","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Taiwan In Taiwan, all motor vehicles are required to register and display its vehicle registration plates. The plates are issued and managed by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MoTC). The vehicle registration numbers in Taiwan contains Latin alphabets (A to Z), Arabic numerals (0 to 9) and dash (–); some special types also contain Chinese characters. Taiwan's current number plate system uses Latin letters with Arabic numerals. There are many types of number plate used in Taiwan, they are: The definition of light vehicles in Taiwan is: Motor vehicles having a permissible maximum weight NOT","psg_id":"12623046"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Albania","text":"particular district has ~200 000 (two hundred thousand) registered cars. Diplomatic license plate codes: Vehicle registration plates of Albania In Albania, vehicle registration plates are issued by the regional directorates of transport. A new format similar to the post-1994 Italian and post-2009 French plate designs has been introduced since 16 February 2011. The plates start with a blue strip at the left with 'AL' and redesigned double-headed eagle in white, 2 serial letters, security hologram, 3 digits, 2 serial letters on a rectangular white background, and end on the right with year of registration and regional code in white on","psg_id":"10972566"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg","text":"series used 4000-4999 before DA followed with 5000 to 5999. The prescribed sequence of issue follows a pattern of ascending and descending alphabetical order of the two letters, as can be seen in the following list. When the first block of 1000 AZ numbers has been issued, we will presumably see the issue of BA5000. Note that certain letters (I and O) and combinations are excluded. The list should be read from top to bottom, left to right: Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg Vehicle registration plates in Luxembourg bear a maximum of six characters. The standard series in use today","psg_id":"11679107"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Monaco","text":"plates was white on blue, without borders. In previous years, plates were all-numeric; now, both letters and numbers are used. Vehicle registration plates of Monaco Vehicle registration plates of Monaco are unusually small (a few centimeters smaller than an American license plate), and are composed of four numbers and/or letters. The plates are colored blue font on a white background and have the coat of arms of Monaco on the left side with the year number (on the rear plate only) to attest that tax has been paid. All plates starting with \"000\" belong to the family of Albert II,","psg_id":"11954744"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of India","text":"Vehicle registration plates of India All motorised road vehicles in India are tagged with a registration or license number. The Vehicle registration plate (commonly known as number plate) number is issued by the district-level Regional Transport Office (RTO) of respective states — the main authority on road matters. The number plates are placed in the front and back of the vehicle. By law, all plates are required to be in modern Hindu-Arabic numerals with Latin letters. Other guidelines include having the plate lit up at night and the restriction of the fonts that could be used. In some states such","psg_id":"4539417"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bosnia and Herzegovina","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina vehicle registration plates have held their current form since 1998. Currently the Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) vehicle registration plate format consists of seven characters: five numbers and two letters arranged in the following order: X00-X-000 (taxis: TA-000000). The plates are uniform across the country and do not denote the place (town, municipality, canton, or entity) where the vehicle is registered, as was the case prior to 1998. Likewise the plates do not contain any heraldic symbols. The plates use only letters which are represented equally in Latin and Cyrillic script","psg_id":"10552945"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana Vehicle registration plates of Botswana for normal motor vehicles begin with the letter \"B\", followed by three numbers, followed by three letters. The digits and letters are assigned by a registrar. The three letters will never include the letter Q in order to avoid confusion with the letter O. The front number plates have black lettering on a white reflective background. The rear number plates have black lettering on a yellow reflective background. Public passenger number plates have blue lettering on a white reflective background in the front and white lettering on blue background at","psg_id":"12622360"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana Vehicle registration plates of Botswana for normal motor vehicles begin with the letter \"B\", followed by three numbers, followed by three letters. The digits and letters are assigned by a registrar. The three letters will never include the letter Q in order to avoid confusion with the letter O. The front number plates have black lettering on a white reflective background. The rear number plates have black lettering on a yellow reflective background. Public passenger number plates have blue lettering on a white reflective background in the front and white lettering on blue background at","psg_id":"12622358"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Singapore","text":"nor sold for to the public, but unofficial series for cosmetic purposes. Civil Mobilisation Exercise or Vehicle Recalls have a large A3/A2 sticker stuck at the rear and front of the vehicle denoted that the vehicle is being mobilised or deployed for civil emergency exercises. These usually happen during weekends. The checksum letter is calculated by converting the letters into numbers, \"i.e.\", where A=1 and Z=26, potentially giving seven individual numbers from each registration plate. However, only two letters of the prefix are used in the checksum. For a three-letter prefix, only the last two letters are used; for a","psg_id":"5742544"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein are composed of two letters and up to five numbers, and in between the letters and numbers is the coat of arms of the city. The plates have white characters on a retro-reflective black background and use the same type of font as Swiss car number plates. Short-period temporary registered plates have yellow coloured font while long-periods have year bands on the right. Duty unpaid vehicles are similar to civilian vehicles but ends with \"U\" prefix. Due to the country being small in size, only around two thousand cars are","psg_id":"11954709"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Finland","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Finland Finnish vehicle registration plates usually carry three letters and three numbers separated with a dash (e.g. ABC 123), though vanity plates may carry just one of each. Since 1989 the code has no connection with the geographic location, except that Åland has its own type of plate. Between 1972/1973 and 1989 the first letter indicated where the vehicle was first registered as the plate did not have to be changed even if the vehicle was moved to another area of Finland. The registration number consists of two or three letters and a (maximum) three-digit number,","psg_id":"5304351"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Norway","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Norway The registration plates of cars in Norway is maintained by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. As in most countries, cars are identified only by number plates read visually. The plates are legal documents that both identifies the vehicle and permits its use, and shall be returned to the registration authority when the vehicle is no longer in use. The current alphanumerical system (two letters followed by four or five numbers) was introduced in 1971. The design of the plates remained the same until 2002, when the road authorities decided on a new font","psg_id":"5872663"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of East Timor","text":"Vehicle registration plates of East Timor Vehicle registration plates of East Timor are Australian standard 372 mm × 134 mm, and use Australian stamping dies. East Timor requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Vehicle registration numbers consist of five digits, and display the letters TL or TLS, short for \"Timor Lorosae\", the name for East Timor in Tetum. The current format started in 2002. Government vehicles have a similar format, but with four digits and the letter 'G'. When the country was a Portuguese colony, known as Portuguese Timor, vehicle registrations followed the","psg_id":"16284075"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Thailand","text":"The prefix characters are translated via code-matching into two alphanumeric Roman characters. The country name THAILAND is displayed in capital letters below the registration number, and the numerical provincial code is shown in the bottom right. The plates are black on white. They are required for transport into Burma, Cambodia, southern China, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Singapore. However, they are not legal inside Thailand, and must be removed upon re-entering the country. The current international vehicle registration code for Thailand, adopted 1954, is \"T\". The DLT's authority does not cover vehicles used by the king, the Royal Thai Police, the","psg_id":"11470896"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia consist of four digits (including leading zeroes) and three Cyrillic letters. The design is reminiscent of the Soviet standard for licence plates in the former USSR (GOST 3207-77), some of which had four digits and three letters. Example of a pre-2001 Mongolian registration plate issued in Ulaan Baatar Since 2001, the appearance of plates has changed - these must now contain the national symbol (the \"Soyombo\") in red, to the left of the numbers, and - between the digits and letters - the Mongolian oval (MNG). The first two letters","psg_id":"12624617"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg Vehicle registration plates in Luxembourg bear a maximum of six characters. The standard series in use today uses a format of two letters followed by four digits (e.g., XY 3456). Marks consisting of four or five digits and no letters are also issued. The numbers are issued at a national level and give no indication of regional origin. Plates have black characters on a yellow background, with the standard blue EU stripe on the left. The current usage and format of plates was enacted by parliament in June 2003. The two-letter/four-digit format follows a rather","psg_id":"11679103"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the United Kingdom","text":"Air Force codice_76. Since 1949, British military vehicle registration numbers are mostly either in the form of two digits, two letters, two digits (e.g. codice_77), or from 1995 onwards, two letters, two digits, two letters (for example, codice_78). Until the mid-1980s, the central two letters signified the armed service, or the branch or category of vehicle. For example, Chief of Fleet Support's staff car in 1983–85 was codice_79, and First Sea Lord's car codice_80 and Second Sea Lord's codice_81, normal civilian plates replacing them when security required; and, in 1970, one of 's Land Rovers was codice_82 and 's ship's","psg_id":"16685424"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Norway","text":"prefix of two letters, followed by a sequence of numbers. Military licence plates have numbers only. Most vehicles have five-digit registration numbers between 10000 and 99999. Motorcycles, farming equipment and trailers have four-digit registration numbers between 1000 and 9999 is used. Temporary plates have three-digit registration numbers between 100 and 999. Dealer plates have two-digit registration numbers between 10 and 99. Special prefixes are: Ordinary vehicle plates have a prefix based on the geographic location for the first registration, and will not be changed later. The letters G, I, O and Q are not used due to their similarity with","psg_id":"5872673"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho Lesotho requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Plates are blue-on-white for private vehicles and red-on-white for government vehicles. They follow the format of one or two letters followed by four numbers. Diplomatic Plates are blue-on-white however have the letters CD on them. A \"mokorotlo\", the same colour as the characters on the plate, is stuck onto the plate to show a 5-year validity period. Dealer plates are also red-on-white but do not follow the A 1234 standard and do not show the \"mokorotlo\". Before 1979, private plates were","psg_id":"12630451"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho","text":"white-on-black and had an additional preceding 'L' which stood for Lesotho. Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho Lesotho requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Plates are blue-on-white for private vehicles and red-on-white for government vehicles. They follow the format of one or two letters followed by four numbers. Diplomatic Plates are blue-on-white however have the letters CD on them. A \"mokorotlo\", the same colour as the characters on the plate, is stuck onto the plate to show a 5-year validity period. Dealer plates are also red-on-white but do not follow the A 1234 standard","psg_id":"12630452"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar The vehicle registration plates of Madagascar are created in 1950 from time to time with the revised version in 2014. It contains a black plate consisting with white characters with the current format (1234 XAB) with 4 random numbers, with the first letter as a province code, and the last 2 random letters. The license plate system of Madagascar draws on the system of France actively used from 1950 to 2009. The current system has been in use since 1959. The identifier shall neither plaques that provide information on the technical condition of the vehicle","psg_id":"19320875"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Chile","text":"provides information of where the vehicle was registered. Vehicle registration plates of Chile Chile requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates called \"patentes\". Formerly, it consisted of two letters followed by four numbers in the format AB*12•34, but combinations were exhausted in September 2007. The system adopted to replace the old one consists of four letters followed by two numbers in the format AB•CD*12. Vowels are not used in order to prevent profanity, and the letter Q is not used because of confusion with the number 0. The same coding system is used in","psg_id":"12630444"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh","text":"hologram and a machinery readable Data Matrix Code. In 2014, the style and fonts were changed to FE-Schrift, and the letters and digits now have the same font size. In addition, a silver identifier band has been added on the right side of the flag and code. Armenian registration plates with region codes 22 and 90 are used in Artsakh (for example, \"(AM) 90 SO 123\"). Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh have black characters on a rectangular white background. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm,","psg_id":"20628672"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Peru","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Peru Peru requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Current plates are North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). All vehicles are required to display plates on the front and back. Peculiarly, taxis in Peru are also required to display the characters of the license plates on each side of the vehicle. This is done with actual a large decal. The first letter of these plates indicated the vehicle type, and the chart below shows the letters assigned to each type. The second letter indicated the","psg_id":"20623740"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Eswatini","text":"of registration, however as there are only four Districts of Swaziland, this system would have allowed for a maximum of 4000 registered vehicles. As this was clearly insufficient the trailing letters were then assigned randomly and so 10 x 10 x 10 x 26 x 26 = 676,000 registration numbers could be assigned. Number plates of the Royal household are a number following a single 'S'. Vehicle registration plates of Eswatini Number plates of the Kingdom of Swaziland are similar in size as their South African counterparts and are displayed on both the front and back of the vehicle. The","psg_id":"14396333"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden","text":"any country acronym e.g. American diplomats don't have US as their first two letters. They're ordered by the sovereign states' name in the French language. Thus AA denotes South Africa (i.e. Afrique du Sud). AB denotes Albania (i.e. Albanie) and so forth up until DT. The three digits are just a serial number. The last letter shows what kind of task the diplomat has. The approval sticker was placed last on the right. Just like the personal plates these vehicles have a standard format registration as well, which means a re-registration is not needed if the vehicle changes owner. Taxi","psg_id":"6722181"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Austria","text":"reserved for vehicles, the second one was the serial, when they run out of serials they began to issue codice_27. The background is black with white characters for private vehicles (unknown for all other vehicles). One or two letters are the prefixes set by state and federals, they are: Information with images about license plates With a lot of examples. Vehicle registration plates of Austria Austrian car number plates are mandatory vehicle registration plates displaying the registration mark () of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to verify street legality, proof of a valid liability insurance and to identify","psg_id":"4891818"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh","text":"letter is the \"D\" from the sample format \"DHAKA-D-11-9999\" and the vehicle class number is the \"11\" from the sample format \"DHAKA-D-11-9999\", which depends on the vehicle type. Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh In Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) issues vehicle registration plates for motor vehicles. The vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh use the Bengali alphabet and Bengali numerals. The current version of vehicle registration plates started in 1973. The international vehicle registration code for Bangladesh is BD. The general format of vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh is \"city - vehicle class letter and number - vehicle number\".","psg_id":"16284066"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Transnistria","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Transnistria Standard license plates of Transnistria are 520 mm wide and 112 mm high, made of metal with 6 embossed characters - one letter, three numbers and two more letters - written using the DIN 1451 Mittelschrift font. On the left part of the plates there also a modified euroband on a white background, having the flag of the PMR instead of the EU symbol, and a holographic sticker in the place of the international country code underneath it. Government plates only have 5 embossed characters - three numbers and two letters. Only symbols that are","psg_id":"12010092"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Portugal","text":"numbers indicate the start and end month of the vehicle's registration) and more similar to systems such as in Italy (where the date indicates the year of vehicle registration). Note that the date is that of first-ever registration of the vehicle, not the date the vehicle was registered in Portugal. Some vehicles carry plates that have a year and month seemingly out of tune with the alphanumeric sequence, and the reason for this is that these are imported used vehicles. Trailers and vehicles for export have the following district code letters in their licence plates: Until the 1970s only the","psg_id":"9061089"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong","text":"but are affixed to the front and back of the vehicle. Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong In Hong Kong, vehicle registration marks are managed by the Transport Department. The physical number plates are not provided by the government, but are made by garages to the order of the car owner. Each vehicle must display two number plates, one at the front and one at the rear of the vehicle. The front plate has black characters on a white background, and the rear plate has black characters on a yellow background. The height of the letters and numerals are not","psg_id":"5065753"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Namibia","text":"Vehicle registration plates of Namibia Vehicle registration plates of Namibia are yellow fluorescent metal plates with imprints in black. The standard version is uniform throughout the country, and carries one of the following forms: The first letter is always \"N\" for Namibia. The last one or two letters indicate the town or region the car originates from. In between, numbers are issued sequentially within each region, starting with single-digit numbers, and increasing in length as required. The vast majority of vehicles are registered in the capital, Windhoek, and require six digits; most other regions are currently using 3 or 4","psg_id":"11679291"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein","text":"registered each year. The plates only have one type of code: Plates also contain a small version of the coat of arms of Liechtenstein between the FL code and the number. Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein are composed of two letters and up to five numbers, and in between the letters and numbers is the coat of arms of the city. The plates have white characters on a retro-reflective black background and use the same type of font as Swiss car number plates. Short-period temporary registered plates have yellow coloured font while long-periods have year","psg_id":"11954710"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Norway","text":"numbering scheme or plate kind to indicate vehicle usage such as police, taxi, ambulance or others, except for type E plates used by foreign diplomats. The numbers for all plates except type C have a code consisting of two letters and a serial number. Class C only carries a sequence number. The letters identify the district in which the vehicle was first registered. For example, in Stavanger, prefixes like RE, RH and RJ are used. The car registration number is not altered when the owner moves to another town, or if it is sold. The registration number is assigned to","psg_id":"5872676"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan","text":"(which in turn adopted a reversed version of the former French license plate system), in Azeri plates the first two digits of the license plate represent the department, followed by a progressive 2-letter and 3-number system (progression starting with AA-001 and ending with ZZ-999). Below is a table of digits and relevant departments (italic means this department is controlled (or mostly-controlled) by Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, bold means this department is a part of Naxçıvan AR): Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan are usually composed of two numbers (identifying the vehicle registration department), a hyphen, two letters, a","psg_id":"11998499"},{"title":"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia","text":"of the three-letter suffix indicate the province (or \"aimag\" in Mongolian) where the vehicle was registered: <Br><Br> <Br><Br> Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia consist of four digits (including leading zeroes) and three Cyrillic letters. The design is reminiscent of the Soviet standard for licence plates in the former USSR (GOST 3207-77), some of which had four digits and three letters. Example of a pre-2001 Mongolian registration plate issued in Ulaan Baatar Since 2001, the appearance of plates has changed - these must now contain the national symbol (the \"Soyombo\") in red, to the left of","psg_id":"12624618"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh In Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) issues vehicle registration plates for motor vehicles. The vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh use the Bengali alphabet and Bengali numerals. The current version of vehicle registration plates started in 1973. The international vehicle registration code for Bangladesh is BD. The general format of vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh is \\\"city - vehicle class letter and number - vehicle number\\\". For example, : \\\"DHAKA-D-11-9999\\\". The \\\"DHAKA\\\" field represents the city name in Bengali letters, the \\\"D\\\" field represents the vehicle class in Bengali letters, the \\\"11\\\" field represents\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16284064\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba The current vehicle registration plate system of Cuba was introduced in May 2013. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, completely replacing the previous system introduced in 2002.The international vehicle registration code for Cuba is C. From the 1950s through 1978, and again from 2002 through 2013, plates were North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). Cuban vehicle registration plates contained three letters and three numbers. The colour of plates is also an important identification element. Ordinary (non-special) licence plates have also a number on the lower central\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12471986\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Cuba\",\n \"text\": \"and four numbers, and texts \\\"U.S.N.B.\\\" and \\\"Gtmo Bay Cuba\\\". Vehicle registration plates of Cuba The current vehicle registration plate system of Cuba was introduced in May 2013. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, completely replacing the previous system introduced in 2002.The international vehicle registration code for Cuba is C. From the 1950s through 1978, and again from 2002 through 2013, plates were North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). Cuban vehicle registration plates contained three letters and three numbers. The colour of plates is also an important identification element. Ordinary (non-special)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12471991\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonian registration plates of vehicle consist of a two-letter region code, followed by a 4-digit numeric (before 2012 was 3-digits) and a 2-letter alpha code (e.g. SK 2345 MG). There is a blue field on the left side with the international country code for Macedonia - MK. License numeric code contains combination of four digits (0-9), while two letter alpha code is made of combination of letters using English alphabetical order. The standard registration plates of vehicle, dimensions are 520 × 110 mm. Issuance of current registration plates started from February 20,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10263793\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands Vehicle registration plates of the Netherlands are vehicle registration plates issued by the Netherlands Vehicle Authority, RDW (). RDW vehicle registration plates are assigned bearing the same \\\"number\\\" (a sequence of characters composed of letters and digits) as that shown on the vehicle's registration document. The numbering scheme used bears no relation to the place of a vehicle's registration or ownership, and numbers – which are issued in strict time order – identify the vehicle, not its owner. Thus, if a vehicle changes ownership, the registration number remains unchanged. The Netherlands introduced a system\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4115159\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"International vehicle registration code\",\n \"text\": \"International vehicle registration code The country in which a motor vehicle's vehicle registration plate was issued may be indicated by an international licence plate country code, formerly known as an International Registration Letter or International Circulation Mark. The sign must be displayed on the rear of the vehicle. The sign may either be placed separately from the registration plate, or be incorporated into the vehicle registration plate. The allocation of codes is maintained by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe as the \\\"Distinguishing Signs Used on Vehicles in International Traffic\\\" (sometimes abbreviated to DSIT), authorised by the UN's Geneva\",\n \"psg_id\": \"2490779\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plate\",\n \"text\": \"registration plates. There are six types of Russian registration plates. Vehicle registration plates are white and have three black letters followed by a space and then three digits. The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, although the last digit shows what month the car has to undergo vehicle inspection. Vehicles like police cars, fire trucks, public buses and trolley buses use the same type of plate as normal private cars, and cannot be directly distinguished by the plate alone. Taxis have yellow plates, with the same three letters and digits as 'normal' cars,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1795230\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia\",\n \"text\": \"Տ standing for transport vehicles. Armenian registration plates with region codes 22 and 90 are used in Artsakh (for example, \\\"(AM) 90 SO 123\\\"). Vehicle registration plates of Armenia Vehicle registration plates of Armenia have black characters on a rectangular white background. They are composed of two or three numbers, two letters (smaller than the digits) in the middle, and two (or three) other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \\\"\\\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14964181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Iceland\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Iceland Vehicle registration plates in Iceland are issued by the Icelandic Transport Authority and are made in the state penitentiary. The plates are made of aluminium with reflective base and embossed characters. The current registration system uses three letters and two digits or two letters and three digits in Helvetica Neue. The plates are issued randomly, they are not issued sequentially and they do not have any geographic coding. There are no special letters or number series for special vehicle types (this may vary depending on type of plates, see chart below.) The registration system was\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9516676\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh have black characters on a rectangular white background. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm, and are composed of two numbers, two letters in the middle, and two or three other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \\\"\\\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag of Armenia. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license plates have a flag of Armenia on the left side, a security\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20628671\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus Belarusian vehicle registration plates are currently composed of four digits, two letters and another digit (e.g. 1234 AB-5). The first of the letters and the final digit indicate the region of Belarus in which the car was registered. Vehicles owned by foreign companies use black-on-yellow plates, and the numbers and letters appear in a different order (e.g. M 1223). The diplomatic series uses white letters on a red background, also in a different order from standard plates (e.g. CD 1234-5). Soviet-era registration plates for Belarus carried a pair of two-digit numbers followed by letters in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11942429\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia Vehicle registration plates of Estonia are divided into 18 categories, the most common of these (A1) is composed of three numbers and three letters (e.g. 123 ABC). Most registration plate types have black letters on a white background, and the plates are the same size and length as other European plates (520 × 113 mm). Previously the first of the three letters indicated the region of Estonia in which the car was registered; however, as of 2013, this is no longer the case. The third digit from the numbers indicated states when the car is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11952390\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan Vehicle registration plates of Pakistan are issued by an agency of the provincial or territorial government. Generally, the appearance of plates is frequently chosen to contain symbols, colours, or slogans associated with the issuing jurisdiction. All vehicle registration plates use the Latin alphabet. Every vehicle has a unique registration plate number in Pakistan. Vehicle registration plate numbers are usually assigned in ascending order, beginning with a starting point such as AAA-001. Thus, someone familiar with the sequence can determine roughly when the vehicle registration plate was issued. The letters I, O and U are not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10290509\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Letters from Turkey\",\n \"text\": \"Letters from Turkey Letters from Turkey are actually memoirs written by Europeans who had been to Ottoman Empire. Usually, the series of letters had been collected and published later on with various titles. But they are popularly known as Letters from Turkey or Turkish letters. Below is the summary of these. Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq (1522-1592) was a diplomat in the Holy Roman Empire. He was sent to the Ottoman Empire to discuss the disputed territory of Transylvania (modern west Romania) in 1554. During his stay his addresses were Rüstem Pasha and Semiz Ali Pasha both of which were grand\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14596471\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Letters from Turkey\",\n \"text\": \"the Habsburg Monarchy. Although backed by Ottoman Empire, Hungarian rebels were defeated and had to choose a life in exile. After 1715, Mikes spent the rest of his life in Tekirdağ, a city near to İstanbul (also known as Constantinople). His work is known as \\\"Letters from Turkey\\\". Helmuth von Moltke the Elder (1800-1891) was an officier in Prussian army. He spent four years in the Ottoman Empire as a military advisor between 1835-1839. Upon returning to Germany, he published \\\"Letters on Conditions and Events in Turkey in the Years 1835 to 1839\\\". Letters from Turkey Letters from Turkey are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14596473\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden Vehicle registration plates of Sweden are used for most types of vehicles in Sweden. They have three letters first, a space and three digits after (e.g. ABC 123). The combination is simply a serial number and has no connection with a geographic location. The last digit is used to show what month the car has to undergo vehicle inspection. Vehicles like police cars, fire trucks, public buses and trolley buses use the same type of plate as normal private cars and cannot be directly distinguished by the plate alone. Military vehicles have special plates. Ordinary\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6722171\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia\",\n \"text\": \"which Greek border guards cover the letters \\\"MK\\\" on Macedonian vehicle plates with a sticker, in Greek and English, reading: “Recognized by Greece as FYROM”. Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Macedonia Macedonian registration plates of vehicle consist of a two-letter region code, followed by a 4-digit numeric (before 2012 was 3-digits) and a 2-letter alpha code (e.g. SK 2345 MG). There is a blue field on the left side with the international country code for Macedonia - MK. License numeric code contains combination of four digits (0-9), while two letter alpha code is made of combination of letters\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10263796\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia All motorized vehicles including motorcycles in Indonesia are required to have registration plates. The plates must be displayed in front and at the back of the vehicles. Except for some special cases (see below), every vehicle license plate in Indonesia follows the following format: LL NNNN LL where \\\"L\\\" are letters of the Latin alphabet, and \\\"N\\\" numbers from \\\"0\\\" to \\\"9\\\" (note that the first number is never a \\\"0\\\"). The first single or double letters denote the area of registration. This is followed by numbers, which can range from one to four digits.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3742237\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Abkhazia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Abkhazia The government of the Republic of Abkhazia, which considers itself independent from Georgia, issues its own vehicle registration plates for the motor vehicles registered in the territory it controls. The design of the plates is based on that of Russian license plates, although Abkhazian plates lack the regional coding of Russian plates. The license plate serial format consists of a letter followed by three digits and then two more letters. The letters are Cyrillic, but only thirteen letters reminiscent of letters of the Latin alphabet are used: А, Б, В, Е, К, М, Н, О,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12010190\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Armenia Vehicle registration plates of Armenia have black characters on a rectangular white background. They are composed of two or three numbers, two letters (smaller than the digits) in the middle, and two (or three) other numbers. At the left side is located the international code \\\"\\\" with an oval car plaque and, sometimes, the national flag. Starting from 6 August 2014 a new design of license plates was implemented. The license plates have a national flag on the left side, a security hologram and a machinery readable Data Matrix Code. Formerly, Armenia used to have\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14964176\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Isle of Man\",\n \"text\": \"registered vehicles in the Isle of Man. Number plates are produced and supplied privately, not by the government. The name of the supplying car dealer is often displayed along the bottom of the plate. Registrations can be transferred from vehicle to vehicle. The official car of the Lieutenant Governor carries the registration number MAN-1. Registrations including the numbers 999 or 112 (for example, BMN-999-A) are used for emergency vehicles, but not exclusively. Trade plates have red letters on a white background, and display a number prefixed by MNA. Vehicle registration plates of the Isle of Man Vehicle registration began in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11769800\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Guyana\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Guyana The design for vehicle registration glates of Guyana consist of simple white lettering on a black plate. The format is 2 or 3 letters followed by 4 numbers. The 4 numbers are between 1 and 9999 with no leading zero. The first letter is the vehicle type and are as follows: Diplomatic plates have black lettering on a yellow plate and dealer plates have red lettering on a white plate. The series is indicated by the following one or two letters and it indicates the time at which the vehicle was registered. Some letters may\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14632644\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark\",\n \"text\": \"serial letters \\\"GR\\\" reserved for Greenland. The EU stripe is not applicable since Greenland is a non-EU member. Vehicle registration plates of Denmark Vehicle registration plates in Denmark normally have two letters and five digits and are issued by authorities. Plates can be obtained at authorized car dealers, vehicle inspection stations or official registration centers (Skat Motor center) The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, but the digits have number series based on vehicle type. Danish license plates do not follow the owner or the vehicle, when a car is sold the plates\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8843945\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Russia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Russia Vehicle registration plates are the mandatory number plates used to display the registration mark of a vehicle, and have existed in Russia for many decades. Most motor vehicles which are used on public roads are required by law to display them. Having them covered by snow or mud constitutes an administrative offense, that leads to a fine. So does covering them with a piece of paper, or any other tool that makes any of the digits and letters illegible. The current format uses a letter followed by 3 digits and two more letters. To improve\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8021036\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados Barbadian Vehicle registration plates consist of letters and numbers. The Barbados Licensing Authority issues licence plates to all new motor vehicle owners. Each licence plate has one or two letters which represents the part of the island which the vehicle's owner resides or previously resided at the time the vehicle was registered. The first part consists of one or two letters which determine the part of the island the registration is from, or category of vehicle. The breakdown is as follows. For the parish of Christ Church, 'X' represents Jesus Christ and therefore 'X' is\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9096133\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Denmark Vehicle registration plates in Denmark normally have two letters and five digits and are issued by authorities. Plates can be obtained at authorized car dealers, vehicle inspection stations or official registration centers (Skat Motor center) The combination is simply a serial and has no connection with a geographic location, but the digits have number series based on vehicle type. Danish license plates do not follow the owner or the vehicle, when a car is sold the plates are turned in and the new owner must apply for new plates. Exception is from this rule when\",\n \"psg_id\": \"8843941\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Thailand\",\n \"text\": \"Ministry of Transport regulations. Current style started in 1975 for most vehicle types, but with small changes in 1997, and 1997 for motorcycles. All license plates are rectangular, with variations in size and color according to the class of the vehicle. Most plates prominently display the vehicle registration ID, which usually consists of Thai letters and a number string. The province of registration is shown below the ID. The letters are embossed, and all plates must also be embossed with a seal bearing the letters \\\"ขส\\\". The current designs are regulated by the notification of the Department of Land Transport\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11470881\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country)\",\n \"text\": \"containing the letters \\\"GA\\\" above each other. The code was two Latin letters followed by three numerals, with a safety hologram separating them. Dimensions are by . Regular military license plates receive a green strip on the left. Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country) Vehicle registration plates of Georgia are composed of an embossed serial of two letters, a hyphen, three numbers, a hyphen, and two letters (e.g. AB-123-AB), in black on a white background with a blue vertical strip on the left. The plates are issued in the Latin alphabet. Georgian registration plates are the same size as the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11998328\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Estonia\",\n \"text\": \"but rather served to inform that the vehicle had been registered in the Estonian SSR. There were plans to introduce an additional ЕС suffix, but as this occurred just before the collapse of the Soviet Union, the mark was subsequently allocated to the Russian city of St. Petersburg. Vehicle registration plates of Estonia Vehicle registration plates of Estonia are divided into 18 categories, the most common of these (A1) is composed of three numbers and three letters (e.g. 123 ABC). Most registration plate types have black letters on a white background, and the plates are the same size and length\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11952392\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Belarus\",\n \"text\": \"car was registered, the second being taken from the series A, B, C, E, I, K, M, H, P, O, T, X: Vehicle registration plates of Belarus Belarusian vehicle registration plates are currently composed of four digits, two letters and another digit (e.g. 1234 AB-5). The first of the letters and the final digit indicate the region of Belarus in which the car was registered. Vehicles owned by foreign companies use black-on-yellow plates, and the numbers and letters appear in a different order (e.g. M 1223). The diplomatic series uses white letters on a red background, also in a different\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11942431\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan Vehicle license plates in Bhutan are issued and regulated by the Road Safety and Transport Authority of The Royal Government of Bhutan. Until 1990, vehicle registration plates had a group of three letters on the left, indicating the region and class of registration, followed by 4 digit numeric value. For example, BWP 1001 signified, Western region, Private vehicle with number 1001. Now however, this scheme has been discontinued for the newer licensing scheme launched in 1990. The current format is XX-N-X0000, where, The current license plate for private vehicles in Bhutan is composed of letters\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12805380\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Barbados\",\n \"text\": \"outside Barbados is 'BDS'. Owners may use white on black plates, front and rear, or black on white (front) and yellow(rear). Vehicle registration plates of Barbados Barbadian Vehicle registration plates consist of letters and numbers. The Barbados Licensing Authority issues licence plates to all new motor vehicle owners. Each licence plate has one or two letters which represents the part of the island which the vehicle's owner resides or previously resided at the time the vehicle was registered. The first part consists of one or two letters which determine the part of the island the registration is from, or category\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9096136\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka\",\n \"text\": \"with the Sinhala script letter Sri (ශ්රී) in the middle was introduced, this started from Reg no \\\"1 Sri 1\\\". The current version started in 2000. It was developed by the German Utsch AG using a variation of the FE-Schrift. As of 2013 a new system with 3 English letters starting from AAA 0001 has been introduced. The international vehicle registration code for Sri Lanka is CL. Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka Vehicle registration plates of Sri Lanka (known in Sri Lanka as \\\"number plates\\\") started soon after introduction of motorcars in 1903. Initially the numbers started with Q,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16833476\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Greece\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Greece Greek vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e.g. codice_1) printed in black on a white background. The letters represent the district (prefecture) that issues the plates while the numbers begin from 1000 to 9999. As from 2004, a blue strip was added on the left showing the country code of Greece (GR) in white text and the Flag of Europe. Similar plates with digits beginning from 1 to 999 are issued for motorcycles which exceed 50 cc. With the exception of Athens and Thessaloniki, all districts are represented\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4152661\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Austria\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Austria Austrian car number plates are mandatory vehicle registration plates displaying the registration mark () of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to verify street legality, proof of a valid liability insurance and to identify and recognise the vehicle. The license plates are made of metal; the imprinted text is in black letters and digits on a white background. Since November 1, 2002 the common design comprises a blue section on the left with the EU circle of stars and the country code ('A') like other vehicle registration plates of the European Union. On the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4891814\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe Since 2006 vehicle registration plates of Zimbabwe are composed of three letters and four numbers (e.g. ABC 1234). The dimensions of Zimbabwean number plates are the same as British plates, but now use the FE-Schrift typeface, used for German vehicle registration plates. They were introduced before independence from Britain, when the country was known as Rhodesia and were not changed by the government following independence in 1980. For private vehicles, characters are in black on a yellow background, although white backgrounds were introduced in 2006. For commercial vehicles, characters are in red on a white\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14306312\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Czech Republic\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Czech Republic As of the year 2017 there are two different valid systems of vehicle registration plates in the Czech Republic. The new Czech vehicle registration plate system was introduced between 29 June 2001 and 17 July 2001. The first letter from the left represents the region (Kraj), and then there follows a combination of letters or numbers numbered upward from 1X0 0001, where X is the letter of the region. In 2009, both Prague (A) and Středočeský kraj/Central Bohemia (S) reached the combination of six 9s in their license plates and started issuing a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10037063\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan\",\n \"text\": \"letters identifying the non-individual car (for example: A 001 AA) or of a single letter identifying the area and three digits and three letters identifying the individual car (for example: A 585 CUO) Special registration plates also exist. Cars registered to non-Kazakh individuals and organizations have registration plates with black letters on a yellow background. Diplomatic vehicles use registration plates with white letters on a red background. Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan The current format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan uses black letters on a white background with a Kazakh Flag and the country code KZ on the left.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12946601\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Greece\",\n \"text\": \"4 numerals is used. Vehicle registration plates of Greece Greek vehicle registration plates are composed of three letters and four digits per plate (e.g. codice_1) printed in black on a white background. The letters represent the district (prefecture) that issues the plates while the numbers begin from 1000 to 9999. As from 2004, a blue strip was added on the left showing the country code of Greece (GR) in white text and the Flag of Europe. Similar plates with digits beginning from 1 to 999 are issued for motorcycles which exceed 50 cc. With the exception of Athens and Thessaloniki,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4152669\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country)\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Georgia (country) Vehicle registration plates of Georgia are composed of an embossed serial of two letters, a hyphen, three numbers, a hyphen, and two letters (e.g. AB-123-AB), in black on a white background with a blue vertical strip on the left. The plates are issued in the Latin alphabet. Georgian registration plates are the same size as the most common European registration plate. All plates have the abbreviation \\\"GE\\\" in the lower left corner of the plate and the national flag in the upper left corner. This set of new style registration plates have been in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11998323\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Turkmenistan\",\n \"text\": \"Cyrillic letters indicating where the vehicle was first registered. 1994 saw the introduction of the current format, which is intended to comply more closely with international norms. Major changes include the switch from Cyrillic letters to Latin, and the presence of the Turkmen flag with the two-letter country code TM on the left of the plate. Unusually, the alphanumerics are rendered in a mix of DIN 1451 and the unnamed font formerly used on French registration plates. The current format is: XX 99 99 XX while the last two letters is based on geographic location. Diplomatic plates are blue with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16833478\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Brazil\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Brazil Brazilian vehicle registration plates are issued by the states. Each state has a \\\"Departamento de Trânsito\\\" (DETRAN) that is charged with vehicle registration and car tax collection, but plates are standardized across the country and form a national vehicle registration database. The current system, being phased out in favor of Mercosul standard plates, was created in 1990 and was named \\\"Registro Nacional de Veículos Automotores\\\" (RENAVAM). It uses the form \\\"LLL·NNNN\\\", where LLL is a three-letter combination followed by a four-digit number with a dot between the letters and numbers. A combination given to one\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9558432\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan The current format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan uses black letters on a white background with a Kazakh Flag and the country code KZ on the left. The two digit area code is located on the square located on the right and the rest of the plate follows the format 111AAA. This format was introduced in 2011 and was implemented from August 2012. This format of Vehicle registration plates of Kazakhstan used black letters on a white background. Each registration plate consisted of a single letter identifying the area and three digits and two\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12946600\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar\",\n \"text\": \"letters are assigned consecutively for approved vehicles. Vehicles government departments have awarded red flags are like the normal license plate with black or white text, numbers and letter combinations. Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar The vehicle registration plates of Madagascar are created in 1950 from time to time with the revised version in 2014. It contains a black plate consisting with white characters with the current format (1234 XAB) with 4 random numbers, with the first letter as a province code, and the last 2 random letters. The license plate system of Madagascar draws on the system of France actively\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19320880\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Moldova\",\n \"text\": \"or district of registration, followed by two other letters indicating the series and three digits: Vehicle registration plates of Moldova License plates in Moldova were introduced on November 30, 1992. Currently issued plates consist of six black characters on a white background: three letters and three numbers. On the left part of the plates there is a modified, wider than usual blue euroband having the Moldovan flag instead of the EU symbol and the international country code MD underneath it. The plates are 520 mm wide and 112 mm high, made of metal with embossed characters using the FE-Schrift font.\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11378353\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Latvia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Latvia Vehicle registration plates of Latvia consist of two letters (trailers plates have one letter), a hyphen and one to four numbers \\\"(depending on the age of registration)\\\", e.g., AB-1234, Current plates have black characters on white reflective material for both front and rear plates. After Latvia regained independence in 1991, vehicle registration plates of the Soviet Union with Latin letters LA and LT were used until 1993, when the new type of vehicle registration plates were introduced. Up until 2004 a small Latvian national flag with the initials LV would have been used on the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11952683\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plate\",\n \"text\": \"a new vehicle, the registering state issues a registration plate to the vehicle rather than owner, and the serial stays with the vehicle for its life. Some provinces issue plates in which the letters and numbers are embossed so that they are slightly raised above its surface. Others issue flat plates. The territory of Nunavut introduced the first flat registration plate in Canada in 2012–2013. When a person moves from one province to another, they are normally required to obtain new registration plates issued by the new place of residence. In the Canadian provinces and territories of Alberta, Newfoundland and\",\n \"psg_id\": \"1795178\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Albania\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Albania In Albania, vehicle registration plates are issued by the regional directorates of transport. A new format similar to the post-1994 Italian and post-2009 French plate designs has been introduced since 16 February 2011. The plates start with a blue strip at the left with 'AL' and redesigned double-headed eagle in white, 2 serial letters, security hologram, 3 digits, 2 serial letters on a rectangular white background, and end on the right with year of registration and regional code in white on a blue strip. It has been observed that the last two identification elements are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10972562\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Nigeria\",\n \"text\": \"red background with white lettering, and consist of up to three numbers, followed by CD or CMD and another number. Instead of the name of the state, they read CORPS DIPLOMATIQUE. Cars of the consular corps have instead the letters CC or CORPS CONSULAIRE. Vehicle registration plates of Nigeria Nigerian vehicle registration plates in current used were introduced in 1992 and revised in 2011. Nigeria and Liberia are the only two African countries that use the North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). The international code for Nigeria is \\\"WAN\\\" (West Africa Nigeria). The license plates\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16569312\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Slovenia\",\n \"text\": \"at the rear. On regular issue license plates, the first 2 letters before the shield sticker denote the region where the car was initially registered. Further division is made by the coat of arms of the corresponding city, placed after the regional area letters to denote subdivisions. Vehicle registration plates of Slovenia Slovenian car number plates are vehicle registration plates found on Slovenian cars. The registration plates are made of metal. On the left there is a blue bar as in other EU countries (in use since 2004) along with tamper-proof text up to 2008; the text is in black\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10269431\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan\",\n \"text\": \"yellow background. The first three characters of the plate are RBG, followed by four digits of vehicle number. Vehicle registration plates of Bhutan Vehicle license plates in Bhutan are issued and regulated by the Road Safety and Transport Authority of The Royal Government of Bhutan. Until 1990, vehicle registration plates had a group of three letters on the left, indicating the region and class of registration, followed by 4 digit numeric value. For example, BWP 1001 signified, Western region, Private vehicle with number 1001. Now however, this scheme has been discontinued for the newer licensing scheme launched in 1990. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12805383\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Norway\",\n \"text\": \"practice is to use the earliest known or available single-letter plates on which the car was registered. County (name before / from 1918): Vehicle registration plates of Norway The registration plates of cars in Norway is maintained by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. As in most countries, cars are identified only by number plates read visually. The plates are legal documents that both identifies the vehicle and permits its use, and shall be returned to the registration authority when the vehicle is no longer in use. The current alphanumerical system (two letters followed by four or five numbers)\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5872681\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Israel\",\n \"text\": \"with black registration number. Diplomatic/Consular Corps registration numbers consist of the letters CD/CC (respectively) and seven digits—the last two of them are 21 or 22. Private vehicles owned by a member of a diplomatic/consular mission and originally brought from the member's country of origin do not consist of the letters CD/CC, but the last two digits remain 21 or 22. Honorary consuls' vehicles carry plates consisting of the letters CC without the final digits of 21 or 22, even though the vehicle is registered under a civil registration number. The use of the 7-digit registration plate in Israel began in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12617409\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Diplomatic vehicle registration plate\",\n \"text\": \"diplomatic license plates vary from country to country. They often feature the letters \\\"CD\\\" (for \\\"\\\"Corps Diplomatique\\\"\\\"), \\\"D\\\" (for \\\"Diplomat\\\") or prefix of international organisations with diplomatic privileges, such as \\\"EU\\\" (for \\\"EUROPEAN UNION\\\") and \\\"OSCE\\\" (for \\\"Organization For Security And Co-operation In Europe\\\"). Diplomatic vehicle registration plate Most countries issue diplomatic license plates to accredited diplomats. Per the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, these are special vehicle registration plates which typically have distinctive features to allow diplomatic vehicles to be distinguished from other vehicles by police and other bodies, allowing them to give diplomatic vehicles special treatment and warning\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19208539\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Australia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Australia Australian vehicle registration plates or number plates are issued by state, territory, and Commonwealth governments, and the armed forces of Australia. The plates are associated with a vehicle and are generally intended to last for the time the vehicle remains registered in the state, though as they become unreadable (or for other reasons) they may be recalled or replaced with newer ones. From the 1970s until the late 1990s, most Australian plates were of the form xxx·xxx (with x being either letters or numbers)—for example, aaa·nnn in Victoria, New South Wales, South Australia and the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"3782265\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh\",\n \"text\": \"the vehicle class in Bengali numerals and the \\\"9999\\\" field represents the vehicle number of the vehicle in Bengali numerals. The plates are installed in both the front and rear of the vehicle, with the rear plate permanently attached to the vehicle. The plate is only removed when the vehicle has reached the end of service and has been sold for scrap. New vehicles are not delivered to the purchaser until the plates have been attached at the dealership. The letters permitted in the vehicle registration plate are: The numerals permitted in the vehicle registration plate are: The vehicle class\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16284065\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Cyprus\",\n \"text\": \"the civilian vehicles, except with prefix \\\"ZZ\\\" and blue letters. Since 2004 they are no longer issued. Temporary follows the format of the civilian vehicles except with \\\"ZT\\\" prefix and blue letters, with addition of the prefix in after numbers. Previously, the presidential plate had no serial numbers but just the abbreviation of KKTCB () However, this was changed in 2015, with the coat of arms being displayed in gold on a red plate. Vehicle registration plates of Cyprus The vehicle registration plates of Cyprus are composed of three letters and three digits (e.g. \\\"ABC 123\\\"). A simple incremental numbering\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12009651\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador Vehicle registration in Ecuador is composed of two parts. The plates are 154 mm high and 404 mm wide and are reflective in order to improve their visibility. The unique letter-number combination consists of three letters followed by three or four digits ranging from 000 to 9999. Formats in use are ABC-123 (old format) and ABC-1234 (new format). The word \\\"Ecuador\\\" appears in uppercase letters at the top of the plate. The first letter in the letter-number combination indicates the province of issue. The second letter, also called the \\\"key letter\\\", identifies the type of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12622485\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Ecuador Vehicle registration in Ecuador is composed of two parts. The plates are 154 mm high and 404 mm wide and are reflective in order to improve their visibility. The unique letter-number combination consists of three letters followed by three or four digits ranging from 000 to 9999. Formats in use are ABC-123 (old format) and ABC-1234 (new format). The word \\\"Ecuador\\\" appears in uppercase letters at the top of the plate. The first letter in the letter-number combination indicates the province of issue. The second letter, also called the \\\"key letter\\\", identifies the type of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12622480\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan are usually composed of two numbers (identifying the vehicle registration department), a hyphen, two letters, a hyphen and three numbers (e.g. 10-JA-234), the plates are coloured black font on a white background. The plates are the same size as European plates and usually have an Azerbaijan flag and the initials 'AZ' on the left side. According to Olavsplates, new style plates with a rectangular flag and a microchip are being introduced, but pictures of such plates are missing and very hard to find on the web. Since January 2011 the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11998497\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar\",\n \"text\": \"in series D. The European flag is also now featured, along with Gibraltar's international vehicle registration GBZ. Vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar The vehicle registration plates of Gibraltar are similar to those of the United Kingdom, with the same colours and typeface, which conform to 1998 European standard design. The international vehicle registration code for Gibraltar is GBZ (Great Britain and Northern GBG is used for Guernsey. Number plates in Gibraltar have the same measurements as those in the UK: From 1912 to 2001 Gibraltar number plates consisted of the letter 'G' (for Gibraltar) followed by a series of digits\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11468463\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Taiwan\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Taiwan In Taiwan, all motor vehicles are required to register and display its vehicle registration plates. The plates are issued and managed by the Ministry of Transportation and Communications (MoTC). The vehicle registration numbers in Taiwan contains Latin alphabets (A to Z), Arabic numerals (0 to 9) and dash (–); some special types also contain Chinese characters. Taiwan's current number plate system uses Latin letters with Arabic numerals. There are many types of number plate used in Taiwan, they are: The definition of light vehicles in Taiwan is: Motor vehicles having a permissible maximum weight NOT\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12623046\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Albania\",\n \"text\": \"particular district has ~200 000 (two hundred thousand) registered cars. Diplomatic license plate codes: Vehicle registration plates of Albania In Albania, vehicle registration plates are issued by the regional directorates of transport. A new format similar to the post-1994 Italian and post-2009 French plate designs has been introduced since 16 February 2011. The plates start with a blue strip at the left with 'AL' and redesigned double-headed eagle in white, 2 serial letters, security hologram, 3 digits, 2 serial letters on a rectangular white background, and end on the right with year of registration and regional code in white on\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10972566\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg\",\n \"text\": \"series used 4000-4999 before DA followed with 5000 to 5999. The prescribed sequence of issue follows a pattern of ascending and descending alphabetical order of the two letters, as can be seen in the following list. When the first block of 1000 AZ numbers has been issued, we will presumably see the issue of BA5000. Note that certain letters (I and O) and combinations are excluded. The list should be read from top to bottom, left to right: Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg Vehicle registration plates in Luxembourg bear a maximum of six characters. The standard series in use today\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11679107\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Monaco\",\n \"text\": \"plates was white on blue, without borders. In previous years, plates were all-numeric; now, both letters and numbers are used. Vehicle registration plates of Monaco Vehicle registration plates of Monaco are unusually small (a few centimeters smaller than an American license plate), and are composed of four numbers and/or letters. The plates are colored blue font on a white background and have the coat of arms of Monaco on the left side with the year number (on the rear plate only) to attest that tax has been paid. All plates starting with \\\"000\\\" belong to the family of Albert II,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11954744\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of India\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of India All motorised road vehicles in India are tagged with a registration or license number. The Vehicle registration plate (commonly known as number plate) number is issued by the district-level Regional Transport Office (RTO) of respective states — the main authority on road matters. The number plates are placed in the front and back of the vehicle. By law, all plates are required to be in modern Hindu-Arabic numerals with Latin letters. Other guidelines include having the plate lit up at night and the restriction of the fonts that could be used. In some states such\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4539417\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bosnia and Herzegovina\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina vehicle registration plates have held their current form since 1998. Currently the Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) vehicle registration plate format consists of seven characters: five numbers and two letters arranged in the following order: X00-X-000 (taxis: TA-000000). The plates are uniform across the country and do not denote the place (town, municipality, canton, or entity) where the vehicle is registered, as was the case prior to 1998. Likewise the plates do not contain any heraldic symbols. The plates use only letters which are represented equally in Latin and Cyrillic script\",\n \"psg_id\": \"10552945\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana Vehicle registration plates of Botswana for normal motor vehicles begin with the letter \\\"B\\\", followed by three numbers, followed by three letters. The digits and letters are assigned by a registrar. The three letters will never include the letter Q in order to avoid confusion with the letter O. The front number plates have black lettering on a white reflective background. The rear number plates have black lettering on a yellow reflective background. Public passenger number plates have blue lettering on a white reflective background in the front and white lettering on blue background at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12622360\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Botswana Vehicle registration plates of Botswana for normal motor vehicles begin with the letter \\\"B\\\", followed by three numbers, followed by three letters. The digits and letters are assigned by a registrar. The three letters will never include the letter Q in order to avoid confusion with the letter O. The front number plates have black lettering on a white reflective background. The rear number plates have black lettering on a yellow reflective background. Public passenger number plates have blue lettering on a white reflective background in the front and white lettering on blue background at\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12622358\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Singapore\",\n \"text\": \"nor sold for to the public, but unofficial series for cosmetic purposes. Civil Mobilisation Exercise or Vehicle Recalls have a large A3/A2 sticker stuck at the rear and front of the vehicle denoted that the vehicle is being mobilised or deployed for civil emergency exercises. These usually happen during weekends. The checksum letter is calculated by converting the letters into numbers, \\\"i.e.\\\", where A=1 and Z=26, potentially giving seven individual numbers from each registration plate. However, only two letters of the prefix are used in the checksum. For a three-letter prefix, only the last two letters are used; for a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5742544\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein are composed of two letters and up to five numbers, and in between the letters and numbers is the coat of arms of the city. The plates have white characters on a retro-reflective black background and use the same type of font as Swiss car number plates. Short-period temporary registered plates have yellow coloured font while long-periods have year bands on the right. Duty unpaid vehicles are similar to civilian vehicles but ends with \\\"U\\\" prefix. Due to the country being small in size, only around two thousand cars are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11954709\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Finland\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Finland Finnish vehicle registration plates usually carry three letters and three numbers separated with a dash (e.g. ABC 123), though vanity plates may carry just one of each. Since 1989 the code has no connection with the geographic location, except that Åland has its own type of plate. Between 1972/1973 and 1989 the first letter indicated where the vehicle was first registered as the plate did not have to be changed even if the vehicle was moved to another area of Finland. The registration number consists of two or three letters and a (maximum) three-digit number,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5304351\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Norway\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Norway The registration plates of cars in Norway is maintained by the Norwegian Ministry of Transport and Communications. As in most countries, cars are identified only by number plates read visually. The plates are legal documents that both identifies the vehicle and permits its use, and shall be returned to the registration authority when the vehicle is no longer in use. The current alphanumerical system (two letters followed by four or five numbers) was introduced in 1971. The design of the plates remained the same until 2002, when the road authorities decided on a new font\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5872663\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of East Timor\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of East Timor Vehicle registration plates of East Timor are Australian standard 372 mm × 134 mm, and use Australian stamping dies. East Timor requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Vehicle registration numbers consist of five digits, and display the letters TL or TLS, short for \\\"Timor Lorosae\\\", the name for East Timor in Tetum. The current format started in 2002. Government vehicles have a similar format, but with four digits and the letter 'G'. When the country was a Portuguese colony, known as Portuguese Timor, vehicle registrations followed the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16284075\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Thailand\",\n \"text\": \"The prefix characters are translated via code-matching into two alphanumeric Roman characters. The country name THAILAND is displayed in capital letters below the registration number, and the numerical provincial code is shown in the bottom right. The plates are black on white. They are required for transport into Burma, Cambodia, southern China, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Singapore. However, they are not legal inside Thailand, and must be removed upon re-entering the country. The current international vehicle registration code for Thailand, adopted 1954, is \\\"T\\\". The DLT's authority does not cover vehicles used by the king, the Royal Thai Police, the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11470896\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia consist of four digits (including leading zeroes) and three Cyrillic letters. The design is reminiscent of the Soviet standard for licence plates in the former USSR (GOST 3207-77), some of which had four digits and three letters. Example of a pre-2001 Mongolian registration plate issued in Ulaan Baatar Since 2001, the appearance of plates has changed - these must now contain the national symbol (the \\\"Soyombo\\\") in red, to the left of the numbers, and - between the digits and letters - the Mongolian oval (MNG). The first two letters\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12624617\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Luxembourg Vehicle registration plates in Luxembourg bear a maximum of six characters. The standard series in use today uses a format of two letters followed by four digits (e.g., XY 3456). Marks consisting of four or five digits and no letters are also issued. The numbers are issued at a national level and give no indication of regional origin. Plates have black characters on a yellow background, with the standard blue EU stripe on the left. The current usage and format of plates was enacted by parliament in June 2003. The two-letter/four-digit format follows a rather\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11679103\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the United Kingdom\",\n \"text\": \"Air Force codice_76. Since 1949, British military vehicle registration numbers are mostly either in the form of two digits, two letters, two digits (e.g. codice_77), or from 1995 onwards, two letters, two digits, two letters (for example, codice_78). Until the mid-1980s, the central two letters signified the armed service, or the branch or category of vehicle. For example, Chief of Fleet Support's staff car in 1983–85 was codice_79, and First Sea Lord's car codice_80 and Second Sea Lord's codice_81, normal civilian plates replacing them when security required; and, in 1970, one of 's Land Rovers was codice_82 and 's ship's\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16685424\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Norway\",\n \"text\": \"prefix of two letters, followed by a sequence of numbers. Military licence plates have numbers only. Most vehicles have five-digit registration numbers between 10000 and 99999. Motorcycles, farming equipment and trailers have four-digit registration numbers between 1000 and 9999 is used. Temporary plates have three-digit registration numbers between 100 and 999. Dealer plates have two-digit registration numbers between 10 and 99. Special prefixes are: Ordinary vehicle plates have a prefix based on the geographic location for the first registration, and will not be changed later. The letters G, I, O and Q are not used due to their similarity with\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5872673\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho Lesotho requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Plates are blue-on-white for private vehicles and red-on-white for government vehicles. They follow the format of one or two letters followed by four numbers. Diplomatic Plates are blue-on-white however have the letters CD on them. A \\\"mokorotlo\\\", the same colour as the characters on the plate, is stuck onto the plate to show a 5-year validity period. Dealer plates are also red-on-white but do not follow the A 1234 standard and do not show the \\\"mokorotlo\\\". Before 1979, private plates were\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12630451\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho\",\n \"text\": \"white-on-black and had an additional preceding 'L' which stood for Lesotho. Vehicle registration plates of Lesotho Lesotho requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Plates are blue-on-white for private vehicles and red-on-white for government vehicles. They follow the format of one or two letters followed by four numbers. Diplomatic Plates are blue-on-white however have the letters CD on them. A \\\"mokorotlo\\\", the same colour as the characters on the plate, is stuck onto the plate to show a 5-year validity period. Dealer plates are also red-on-white but do not follow the A 1234 standard\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12630452\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Madagascar The vehicle registration plates of Madagascar are created in 1950 from time to time with the revised version in 2014. It contains a black plate consisting with white characters with the current format (1234 XAB) with 4 random numbers, with the first letter as a province code, and the last 2 random letters. The license plate system of Madagascar draws on the system of France actively used from 1950 to 2009. The current system has been in use since 1959. The identifier shall neither plaques that provide information on the technical condition of the vehicle\",\n \"psg_id\": \"19320875\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Chile\",\n \"text\": \"provides information of where the vehicle was registered. Vehicle registration plates of Chile Chile requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates called \\\"patentes\\\". Formerly, it consisted of two letters followed by four numbers in the format AB*12•34, but combinations were exhausted in September 2007. The system adopted to replace the old one consists of four letters followed by two numbers in the format AB•CD*12. Vowels are not used in order to prevent profanity, and the letter Q is not used because of confusion with the number 0. The same coding system is used in\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12630444\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh\",\n \"text\": \"hologram and a machinery readable Data Matrix Code. In 2014, the style and fonts were changed to FE-Schrift, and the letters and digits now have the same font size. In addition, a silver identifier band has been added on the right side of the flag and code. Armenian registration plates with region codes 22 and 90 are used in Artsakh (for example, \\\"(AM) 90 SO 123\\\"). Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh Vehicle registration plates of the Republic of Artsakh have black characters on a rectangular white background. Current plates are European standard 520 mm × 110 mm,\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20628672\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Peru\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Peru Peru requires its residents to register their motor vehicles and display vehicle registration plates. Current plates are North American standard 6 × 12 inches (152 × 300 mm). All vehicles are required to display plates on the front and back. Peculiarly, taxis in Peru are also required to display the characters of the license plates on each side of the vehicle. This is done with actual a large decal. The first letter of these plates indicated the vehicle type, and the chart below shows the letters assigned to each type. The second letter indicated the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"20623740\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Eswatini\",\n \"text\": \"of registration, however as there are only four Districts of Swaziland, this system would have allowed for a maximum of 4000 registered vehicles. As this was clearly insufficient the trailing letters were then assigned randomly and so 10 x 10 x 10 x 26 x 26 = 676,000 registration numbers could be assigned. Number plates of the Royal household are a number following a single 'S'. Vehicle registration plates of Eswatini Number plates of the Kingdom of Swaziland are similar in size as their South African counterparts and are displayed on both the front and back of the vehicle. The\",\n \"psg_id\": \"14396333\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Sweden\",\n \"text\": \"any country acronym e.g. American diplomats don't have US as their first two letters. They're ordered by the sovereign states' name in the French language. Thus AA denotes South Africa (i.e. Afrique du Sud). AB denotes Albania (i.e. Albanie) and so forth up until DT. The three digits are just a serial number. The last letter shows what kind of task the diplomat has. The approval sticker was placed last on the right. Just like the personal plates these vehicles have a standard format registration as well, which means a re-registration is not needed if the vehicle changes owner. Taxi\",\n \"psg_id\": \"6722181\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Austria\",\n \"text\": \"reserved for vehicles, the second one was the serial, when they run out of serials they began to issue codice_27. The background is black with white characters for private vehicles (unknown for all other vehicles). One or two letters are the prefixes set by state and federals, they are: Information with images about license plates With a lot of examples. Vehicle registration plates of Austria Austrian car number plates are mandatory vehicle registration plates displaying the registration mark () of motor vehicles in Austria. They are used to verify street legality, proof of a valid liability insurance and to identify\",\n \"psg_id\": \"4891818\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh\",\n \"text\": \"letter is the \\\"D\\\" from the sample format \\\"DHAKA-D-11-9999\\\" and the vehicle class number is the \\\"11\\\" from the sample format \\\"DHAKA-D-11-9999\\\", which depends on the vehicle type. Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh In Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) issues vehicle registration plates for motor vehicles. The vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh use the Bengali alphabet and Bengali numerals. The current version of vehicle registration plates started in 1973. The international vehicle registration code for Bangladesh is BD. The general format of vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh is \\\"city - vehicle class letter and number - vehicle number\\\".\",\n \"psg_id\": \"16284066\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Transnistria\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Transnistria Standard license plates of Transnistria are 520 mm wide and 112 mm high, made of metal with 6 embossed characters - one letter, three numbers and two more letters - written using the DIN 1451 Mittelschrift font. On the left part of the plates there also a modified euroband on a white background, having the flag of the PMR instead of the EU symbol, and a holographic sticker in the place of the international country code underneath it. Government plates only have 5 embossed characters - three numbers and two letters. Only symbols that are\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12010092\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Portugal\",\n \"text\": \"numbers indicate the start and end month of the vehicle's registration) and more similar to systems such as in Italy (where the date indicates the year of vehicle registration). Note that the date is that of first-ever registration of the vehicle, not the date the vehicle was registered in Portugal. Some vehicles carry plates that have a year and month seemingly out of tune with the alphanumeric sequence, and the reason for this is that these are imported used vehicles. Trailers and vehicles for export have the following district code letters in their licence plates: Until the 1970s only the\",\n \"psg_id\": \"9061089\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong\",\n \"text\": \"but are affixed to the front and back of the vehicle. Vehicle registration plates of Hong Kong In Hong Kong, vehicle registration marks are managed by the Transport Department. The physical number plates are not provided by the government, but are made by garages to the order of the car owner. Each vehicle must display two number plates, one at the front and one at the rear of the vehicle. The front plate has black characters on a white background, and the rear plate has black characters on a yellow background. The height of the letters and numerals are not\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5065753\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Namibia\",\n \"text\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Namibia Vehicle registration plates of Namibia are yellow fluorescent metal plates with imprints in black. The standard version is uniform throughout the country, and carries one of the following forms: The first letter is always \\\"N\\\" for Namibia. The last one or two letters indicate the town or region the car originates from. In between, numbers are issued sequentially within each region, starting with single-digit numbers, and increasing in length as required. The vast majority of vehicles are registered in the capital, Windhoek, and require six digits; most other regions are currently using 3 or 4\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11679291\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein\",\n \"text\": \"registered each year. The plates only have one type of code: Plates also contain a small version of the coat of arms of Liechtenstein between the FL code and the number. Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein Vehicle registration plates of Liechtenstein are composed of two letters and up to five numbers, and in between the letters and numbers is the coat of arms of the city. The plates have white characters on a retro-reflective black background and use the same type of font as Swiss car number plates. Short-period temporary registered plates have yellow coloured font while long-periods have year\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11954710\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Norway\",\n \"text\": \"numbering scheme or plate kind to indicate vehicle usage such as police, taxi, ambulance or others, except for type E plates used by foreign diplomats. The numbers for all plates except type C have a code consisting of two letters and a serial number. Class C only carries a sequence number. The letters identify the district in which the vehicle was first registered. For example, in Stavanger, prefixes like RE, RH and RJ are used. The car registration number is not altered when the owner moves to another town, or if it is sold. The registration number is assigned to\",\n \"psg_id\": \"5872676\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan\",\n \"text\": \"(which in turn adopted a reversed version of the former French license plate system), in Azeri plates the first two digits of the license plate represent the department, followed by a progressive 2-letter and 3-number system (progression starting with AA-001 and ending with ZZ-999). Below is a table of digits and relevant departments (italic means this department is controlled (or mostly-controlled) by Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, bold means this department is a part of Naxçıvan AR): Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan Vehicle registration plates of Azerbaijan are usually composed of two numbers (identifying the vehicle registration department), a hyphen, two letters, a\",\n \"psg_id\": \"11998499\"\n },\n {\n \"title\": \"Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia\",\n \"text\": \"of the three-letter suffix indicate the province (or \\\"aimag\\\" in Mongolian) where the vehicle was registered: <Br><Br> <Br><Br> Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia Vehicle registration plates of Mongolia consist of four digits (including leading zeroes) and three Cyrillic letters. The design is reminiscent of the Soviet standard for licence plates in the former USSR (GOST 3207-77), some of which had four digits and three letters. Example of a pre-2001 Mongolian registration plate issued in Ulaan Baatar Since 2001, the appearance of plates has changed - these must now contain the national symbol (the \\\"Soyombo\\\") in red, to the left of\",\n \"psg_id\": \"12624618\"\n }\n]","isConversational":false},"answers":{"kind":"list like","value":["t.r.","t.r.","tr.","tr (disambiguation)","tr","tr","t. r.","t r"],"string":"[\n \"t.r.\",\n \"t.r.\",\n \"tr.\",\n \"tr (disambiguation)\",\n \"tr\",\n \"tr\",\n \"t. r.\",\n \"t r\"\n]","isConversational":false}}}],"truncated":false,"partial":false},"paginationData":{"pageIndex":0,"numItemsPerPage":100,"numTotalItems":78785,"offset":0,"length":100}},"jwt":"eyJhbGciOiJFZERTQSJ9.eyJyZWFkIjp0cnVlLCJwZXJtaXNzaW9ucyI6eyJyZXBvLmNvbnRlbnQucmVhZCI6dHJ1ZX0sImlhdCI6MTc3MjU5OTk0Niwic3ViIjoiL2RhdGFzZXRzL3ZzZWFyY2gvdHFhIiwiZXhwIjoxNzcyNjAzNTQ2LCJpc3MiOiJodHRwczovL2h1Z2dpbmdmYWNlLmNvIn0.TDJq4ljnNSwQMFCbY1Sz9rpk5IZbczSDMJY0Vm4mqSiH3rx9vvrA9MuoAuRwW94Ni7rWLK38m551J0uGkN5ZAg","displayUrls":true,"splitSizeSummaries":[{"config":"default","split":"train","numRows":78785,"numBytesParquet":2563532911},{"config":"default","split":"validation","numRows":8837,"numBytesParquet":287014903},{"config":"default","split":"test","numRows":11313,"numBytesParquet":2487368}]},"discussionsStats":{"closed":0,"open":1,"total":1},"fullWidth":true,"hasGatedAccess":true,"hasFullAccess":true,"isEmbedded":false,"savedQueries":{"community":[],"user":[]}}">
question stringlengths 18 1.2k | positive_ctxs list | negative_ctxs list | hard_negative_ctxs list | answers list |
|---|---|---|---|---|
who was president when the first peanuts cartoon was published? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Peanuts",
"text": "from a wide range of acclaimed contemporary artists and designers who have been inspired by the cartoon. Peanuts Peanuts is a syndicated daily and Sunday American comic strip written and illustrated by Charles M. Schulz that ran from October 2, 1950, to February 13, 2000, cont... | [
"presidency of harry s. truman",
"hary truman",
"harry shipp truman",
"harry truman's",
"harry s. truman",
"harry s.truman",
"harry s truman",
"h. s. truman",
"president harry truman",
"truman administration",
"presidency of harry truman",
"mr. citizen",
"hst (president)",
"h.s. truman",
... |
which american-born sinclair won the nobel prize for literature in 1930? | [
{
"title": "Sinclair Lewis",
"text": "Sinclair Lewis Harry Sinclair Lewis (February 7, 1885 – January 10, 1951) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and playwright. In 1930, he became the first writer from the United States to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature, which was awarded \"for his vigor... | [] | [
{
"title": "Nobel Prize in Literature",
"text": "analyze its importance on potential future Nobel Prize in Literature laureates. Only Alice Munro (2009) has been awarded with both. The Neustadt International Prize for Literature is regarded as one of the most prestigious international literary prizes, often... | [
"(harry) sinclair lewis",
"harry sinclair lewis",
"lewis, (harry) sinclair",
"grace hegger",
"sinclair lewis"
] |
where in england was dame judi dench born? | [
{
"title": "Judi Dench",
"text": "regular contact with the theatre. Her father, a physician, was also the GP for the York theatre, and her mother was its wardrobe mistress. Actors often stayed in the Dench household. During these years, Judi Dench was involved on a non-professional basis in the first three ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Judi Dench",
"text": "to independence, published in August 2014, a few weeks before the Scottish referendum. In September 2018, Dench criticized the response to the sexual misconduct allegations made against actor Kevin Spacey, referring to him as a \"good friend\". Judi Dench Dame Judith Olivia... | [
"park grove (1895)",
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"county borough of york",
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"eoferwic",
"park grove primary school",
"... |
william christensen of madison, new jersey, has claimed to have the world's biggest collection of what? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Madison Park, New Jersey",
"text": "Madison Park, New Jersey Madison Park is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located within Old Bridge Township, in Middlesex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the CDP's population was 7,144. The ... | [
"beer cans"
] |
in which decade did billboard magazine first publish and american hit chart? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Adult Contemporary (chart)",
"text": "first known, was born of a desire by some radio stations in the late 1950s and early 1960s to continue playing current hit songs but distinguish themselves from being branded as \"rock and roll\" stations. \"Billboard\" had written articles about this trend ... | [
"30's",
"30's",
"30s",
"30s ad",
"30-39"
] |
where was horse racing's breeders' cup held in 1988? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "2015 Breeders' Cup",
"text": "2015 Breeders' Cup The 2015 Breeders' Cup World Championships was the 32nd edition of the thoroughbred horse racing season-ending premier event held on October 30 and 31 at Keeneland in Lexington, Kentucky. The race series, held for the first time at Keeneland, requ... | [
"churchill downs, louisville, kentucky"
] |
from which country did angola achieve independence in 1975? | [
{
"title": "Corruption in Angola",
"text": "they really are. Angola's colonial era ended with the Angolan War of Independence against Portugal occurred between 1970 and 1975. Independence did not produce a unified Angola, however; the country plunged into years of civil war between the National Union for th... | [] | [
{
"title": "Cuban intervention in Angola",
"text": "Cuban intervention in Angola In November 1975, on the eve of Angola's independence, Cuba launched a large-scale military intervention in support of the leftist People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) against United States-backed interventions... | [
"portogało",
"republic of portugal",
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"portekiz",
"portugallu",
"o papagaio",
"iso 3166-1:pt",
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"phu-to-ga",
"potigal",
"portûnga",
"portugul",
"an phortaingéil",
"portugāle",
"portugale",
"portingale",
"potiti",
"portugali",
"portugall",
"portekîz",
... |
which city does david soul come from? | [
{
"title": "David Soul",
"text": "his fifth wife, Helen Snell, in June 2010. They had been in a relationship since 2002, after meeting when Soul was working in the British stage production of \"Deathtrap.\" David Soul David Soul (born David Richard Solberg, August 28, 1943) is an American-British actor and ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Soul City Records (British label)",
"text": "Soul City Records (British label) Soul City was a British soul independent record label run by Dave Godin, David Nathan and Robert Blackmore, from a record shop of the same name in London. It is not to be confused with the US record label of the same ... | [
"chi-beria",
"sayre language academy",
"chicago",
"chicago, illinois",
"hog butcher for the world",
"land of smelly onions",
"ariel community academy",
"the weather in chicago",
"chicago, illinois, u.s.a.",
"chicago, illionis",
"near north montessori",
"religion in chicago",
"chicago finance... |
who won super bowl xx? | [
{
"title": "Super Bowl XX",
"text": "game summary. Source: Super Bowl XX Super Bowl XX was an American football game between the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Chicago Bears and the American Football Conference (AFC) champion New England Patriots to decide the National Football League (NFL) cha... | [] | [
{
"title": "Super Bowl XX",
"text": "to just 4 yards on 3 carries, and caught 2 passes for 19 yards. New England receiver Stephen Starring returned 7 kickoffs for 153 yards and caught 2 passes for 39 yards. The Patriots, as a team, only recorded 123 total offensive yards, the second-lowest total in Super Bo... | [
"chicago bears",
"chicago staleys",
"decatur staleys",
"chicago bears football",
"chicago bears",
"save da planet",
"chicago gators"
] |
which was the first european country to abolish capital punishment? | [
{
"title": "Capital punishment in Norway",
"text": "at Akershus Fortress. In 1988 Norway signed on to protocol 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights which bans the use of capital punishment in peacetime and ratified protocol 13 which bans all use of capital punishment whatsoever in 2005. Norway gener... | [] | [
{
"title": "Capital punishment by country",
"text": "has a moratorium and has not conducted an execution since 1999. The absolute ban on the death penalty is enshrined in both the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU) and two widely adopted protocols of the European Convention on Human Ri... | [
"norvège",
"mainland norway",
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"norwegian kingdom",
"kongeriket noreg",
"name of norway",
"kongeriket norge",
"noorwegen",
"k... |
what first appeared in ohio in 1914 to affect transport? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "1914 United States Senate election in Ohio",
"text": "1914 United States Senate election in Ohio The 1914 United States Senate election in Ohio was held on November 3, 1914. Republican nominee Warren G. Harding, future President of the United States, defeated Democratic nominee Timothy S. Hogan ... | [
"first traffic lights"
] |
in what field did the brother of the author of the turn of the screw find fame? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "The Turn of the Screw",
"text": "Pape. In October 1898 the novella appeared with the short story \"Covering End\" in a volume titled \"The Two Magics\", published by Macmillan in New York City and by Heinemann in London. James revised \"The Turn of the Screw\" ten years later for his \"New York ... | [
"psychology (william james was the brother of henry)"
] |
in which country did he widespread use of isdn begin in 1988? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "ISDN (album)",
"text": "ISDN (album) ISDN is a music album by experimental electronica artists The Future Sound of London which was released in two different versions in 1994 and 1995. The music on the album is edited together from various live broadcasts that the band had broadcast to radio sta... | [
"日本國",
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"nippon",
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"modern–era japan",
"etymology of japan",
"japan (country)",
"republic of japan",
"japanese financial sector",
"nihon-koku",
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"日本",
"japian",
"japan",
"japan",
"the state of japan",
"riben",
"nippon... |
what is bruce willis' real first name? | [
{
"title": "Bruce Willis",
"text": "him as the main character. Selected notable roles: Willis has won a variety of awards and has received various honors throughout his career in television and film. Bruce Willis Walter Bruce Willis (born March 19, 1955) is an American actor, producer, and singer. Born to a... | [] | [
{
"title": "My Name Is Bruce",
"text": "beefed it up so it could go into the theaters.'\" For the week of November 12, 2008, \"My Name is Bruce\" took in $18,777 from its showing at the Sunshine Theater in New York. Reviews on \"My Name is Bruce\" were mixed, earning a Rotten Tomatoes approval rating of 40%... | [
"walter (tv series)",
"walter",
"walter (disambiguation)",
"walter (tv series)"
] |
which william wrote the novel lord of the flies? | [
{
"title": "Lord of the Flies",
"text": "to a fictional town that has appeared in a number of his novels. The book itself appears prominently in his novels \"Hearts in Atlantis\" (1999), \"Misery\" (1987), and \"Cujo\" (1981). Stephen King wrote an introduction for a new edition of \"Lord of the Flies\" (20... | [] | [
{
"title": "Lord of the Flies",
"text": "and Jack Caine as \"Simon\". Many writers have borrowed plot elements from \"Lord of the Flies\". By the early 1960s, it was required reading in many schools and colleges. Stephen King's fictional town of Castle Rock, inspired by the fictional mountain fort of the sa... | [
"golding",
"golding (surname)",
"golding (disambiguation)"
] |
which innovation for the car was developed by prince henry of prussia in 1911? | [
{
"title": "Prince Henry of Prussia (1862–1929)",
"text": "became the club's patron. Henry was interested in motor cars as well and supposedly invented a windshield wiper and, according to other sources, the car horn. In his honor, the \"Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt\" (Prince Heinrich Tour) was established in 1908,... | [] | [
{
"title": "Prince Frederick of Prussia (1911–1966)",
"text": "Prince Frederick of Prussia (1911–1966) Prince Frederick of Prussia (; 19 December 1911 – 20 April 1966), also known as \"Mr. Friedrich von Preussen\" in England, was the fourth son of Crown Prince Wilhelm of Germany and Duchess Cecilie of Meckl... | [
"rear-window wiper",
"headlight washer",
"windshield wiper",
"windshield wipers",
"wipers (car)",
"headlamp wiper",
"windscreen wipers",
"magic vision control",
"intermittent windshield wiper",
"windscreen washer",
"headlight wiper",
"headlamp washer",
"wiper blade",
"windshield washer",
... |
how is musician william lee conley better known? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "David Conley (musician)",
"text": "topping Billboard's Hot Black Singles chart for a week in July 1989, staying on the chart for 20 weeks. David Conley (musician) David \"Pic\" Conley is an American jazz flute player, songwriter and producer. Conley was born on 27 December 1953 in Newark, New Je... | [
"bill broonzy",
"big bill broonzey",
"william lee conley broonzy",
"big bill broonzy",
"william broonzy"
] |
to ten thousand square miles what it the area of new mexico? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Ten Thousand Miles in the Southern Cross",
"text": "shot in the Solomon Islands and four other Melanesian locations. On a poster the title is “10,000 miles in the S.Y. Southern Cross” (S.Y. presumably for Steam Yacht), and says “A wonderful trip to the sea girt islands of the Western Pacific”. S... | [
"121,364 square miles",
"121364 area",
"one hundred and twenty-one thousand, three hundred and sixty-four area"
] |
how is joan molinsky better known? | [
{
"title": "Joan Rivers",
"text": "and David Letterman. She is considered by many critics and journalists a pioneer of women in comedy. All authored and read by Joan Rivers, except where noted. Joan Rivers Joan Alexandra Molinsky (June 8, 1933 – September 4, 2014), known professionally as Joan Rivers, was a... | [] | [
{
"title": "Should Have Known Better",
"text": "Should Have Known Better \"Should Have Known Better\" is a song by American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Sufjan Stevens. It is the second track and second single from his seventh studio album, \"Carrie & Lowell\", and was released digitally on M... | [
"queen of comedy",
"heidi abromowitz",
"joan rivers (tv) show",
"joan alexandra molinsky",
"diary of a mad diva",
"joan rivers",
"heidi abromowitz",
"joan river",
"joan rivers show",
"joan rivers"
] |
in which branch of the arts is patricia neary famous? | [
{
"title": "Patricia Neary",
"text": "Patricia Neary Patricia Neary (born October 27, 1942) is an American ballerina, choreographer and ballet director, who has been particularly active in Switzerland. She has also been a highly successful ambassador for the Balanchine Trust, bringing George Balanchine's ba... | [] | [
{
"title": "John Neary",
"text": "Technical Oscar with Kirk Handley, Ray Meluch, Scott Robinson, and Wilson H. Allen, Neary won an Engineering Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the Design, Development and Implementation of the Dolby CP500 Cinema Processor. Academy of Television ... | [
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"ballet schools",
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"ballet dancing",
"1938 ballet premieres",
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"balletomane",
"2011 ballet premieres",
"1940 ballet premieres",
"balletomanes",
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"ballet characters",
"ballet teachers",
"balle... |
which country is europe's largest silk producer? | [
{
"title": "History of silk",
"text": "and in part replaced natural silk. Following the crisis in Europe, the modernization of sericulture in Japan made it the world's foremost silk producer. By the early 20th century, rapidly industrializing Japan was producing as much as 60 percent of the world's raw silk... | [] | [
{
"title": "Tussar silk",
"text": "less durable. It has a dull gold sheen. As most of the cocoons are collected from the forest, it is considered by many as a forest product. India is the second largest producer of tussar silk and the exclusive producer of Indian tussar (also known as tropical tussar), whic... | [
"environment of italy",
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"republic of italy",
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"pollution in italy",
"administrative divisions of italy",
"austrian empire (italy)",
"italija",
"italie",
"italia",
"italian republic",
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at which university did joseph goebbels become a doctor of philosophy? | [
{
"title": "Joseph Goebbels",
"text": "Joseph Goebbels Paul Joseph Goebbels (; 29 October 1897 – 1 May 1945) was a German Nazi politician and Reich Minister of Propaganda of Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945. He was one of Adolf Hitler's close associates and most devoted followers, and was known for his skills... | [] | [
{
"title": "Joseph Goebbels",
"text": "correct it just prior to starting grammar school. Goebbels wore a metal brace and special shoe because of his shortened leg, and walked with a limp. He was rejected for military service in World War I due to his deformity. Goebbels was educated at a Christian \"Gymnasi... | [
"heidelberg romantics",
"un/locode:dehei",
"heidelberg, west germany",
"wieblingen",
"heidelberg",
"heidelberg, germany"
] |
which prince is queen elizabeth ii's youngest son? | [
{
"title": "Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Charlottetown)",
"text": "Queen Elizabeth Hospital (Charlottetown) The Queen Elizabeth Hospital (QEH) is a 243-bed acute care hospital located in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada, making it the largest hospital in the province. Operated by Health PEI, the hos... | [] | [
{
"title": "Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, Belfast",
"text": "car and a bottle was thrown at the car in Royal Avenue by a woman onlooker. Queen Elizabeth II Bridge, Belfast The Queen Elizabeth ll Bridge is a bridge in Belfast, Northern Ireland, not to be confused with the adjacent Queen's Bridge. It is one of e... | [
"eadweard",
"edward"
] |
when did the founder of jehovah's witnesses say the world would end? | [
{
"title": "Jehovah's Witnesses",
"text": "developed feelings of self-importance and craved worship. Satan influenced Adam and Eve to disobey God, and humanity subsequently became participants in a challenge involving the competing claims of Jehovah and Satan to universal sovereignty. Other angels who sided... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Words I Would Say",
"text": "help people remember to tell someone in their life how much they are cared for by the composer and from the deity himself, and to inspire more such \"compositions\". The song topped the \"Billboard\"'s AC/Indicator Chart for 5 weeks in a row. The Words I Would Sa... | [
"one thousand, nine hundred and fourteen",
"1914"
] |
who found the remains of the titanic? | [
{
"title": "Wreck of the RMS Titanic",
"text": "intact and undamaged dresser behind it. Robert Ballard has suggested that areas within the ship or buried under debris, where scavengers may not have been able to reach, may still contain human remains. According to Charles Pellegrino, who dived on \"Titanic\"... | [] | [
{
"title": "Passengers of the RMS Titanic",
"text": "at sea. The following is a full list of known passengers who sailed on the maiden voyage of the RMS \"Titanic\". Included in this list are the nine-member Guarantee Group and the eight members of the ship's band, listed as both passengers and crew. They a... | [
"bob ballard",
"robert duane ballard",
"robert ballard",
"robert %22bob%22 ballard",
"robert d. ballard"
] |
what was the profession of sir david frost's father? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "David Frost",
"text": "had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. His 31-year-old son Miles Frost died from the same condition in 2015. David Frost Sir David Paradine Frost (7 April 1939 – 31 August 2013) was an English television host, media personality, journalist, comedian, and writer. After graduating... | [
"clergyman",
"clergy man",
"priest hood",
"clerically",
"clerics",
"spiritual leader",
"lead a religious assembly",
"clergywomen",
"cleric",
"religious leader",
"ecclesiast",
"clergymen",
"clergy men",
"clergical",
"religieux",
"history of the priesthood",
"clergial",
"regular cler... |
who was the only spice girl not to have a middle name? | [
{
"title": "Not Such an Innocent Girl",
"text": "entirely on a green set with a great deal of post-production, making it one of the most complex solo Spice Girl videos to date. These are the formats and track listings of major single releases of \"Not Such an Innocent Girl\". Not Such an Innocent Girl \"Not... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Girl Who Was Plugged In",
"text": "story for this technology, which incorporates sounds, lights and vibrations amongst other things in order involve the body more in the story. Another point of discussion in relation to The Girl Who Was Plugged In is the relationship with gender of the autho... | [
"my love is for real (victoria beckham song",
"romeo james beckham",
"harper seven beckham",
"posh spice",
"victoria addams",
"victoria beckham",
"victoria adams beckham",
"harper beckham",
"victoria caroline beckham",
"i'd give it all away",
"come together (victoria beckham album)",
"posh spi... |
what are the international registration letters of a vehicle from algeria? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Vehicle registration plates of Algeria",
"text": "Vehicle registration plates of Algeria Algerian registration plates are manufactured according to the same standards as their French counterparts, using the same font and dimensions – although there has been a recent tendency to apply custom type... | [
"dz (disambiguation)",
"dz.",
"dzs",
"dz",
"d.z.",
"dz",
"d z",
"d.z."
] |
how did jock die in dallas? | [
{
"title": "Jock Ewing",
"text": "beside Miss Ellie's headstone and grave. In a storyline during the 1986–87 season of the show, a man named Wes Parmalee (portrayed by Steve Forrest) came to Dallas, where Clayton and Ray hired him as ranch foreman on Southfork. One day, Miss Ellie found Jock's belt buckle, ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Jock Ewing",
"text": "put her in a mental hospital. The doctor told Jock that Amanda would never recover and advised Jock to divorce her, which he eventually did in 1930. In 1936, Jock and Miss Ellie married on the day that her family was to lose Southfork, and it was well known that Jock was th... | [
"helicopter accident"
] |
"who said, ""anybody wishing to banish theft from the world must cut off the thief's hands?" | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Cut Off Your Hands",
"text": "Cut Off Your Hands Cut Off Your Hands (COYH) is a post-punk band from New Zealand influenced by international groups such as The Smiths, Gang of Four, Orange Juice and Talking Heads, as well as NZ bands such as The Mint Chicks and This Night Creeps. Formed from the ... | [
"khomeinist",
"air france khomeini return flight",
"ayatollah khomeni",
"grand ayatollah ruhollah khomeini",
"khomeni",
"روح الله موسوی خمینی",
"rudollah khomeini",
"khomaini",
"imam khumayni",
"khomeini, ayatollah",
"ayat allah khomeini",
"ayatullah khomeini",
"ayat allah ruh allah khomeini... |
to the nearest 10,000 square miles, what is the area of arkansas? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Area code 000",
"text": "because there is no requirement that caller id data represent a valid telephone number. Area code 000 Area code 000 is not a valid number in any country where dialling '0' reaches an operator. Area code 000 is not a valid North American Numbering Plan exchange or area co... | [
"53,187",
"fifty-three thousand, one hundred and eighty-seven",
"53187"
] |
what star sign is michael caine? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Michael Caine (song)",
"text": "Michael Caine (song) \"Michael Caine\" is a song by British band Madness, released on 30 January 1984 as the first single from their album \"Keep Moving\". The song was written by Carl Smyth and Daniel Woodgate, and featured Smyth on lead vocals in place of usual ... | [
"pisces (disambiguation)",
"piscean",
"picese",
"pisces",
"piscese",
"pisese"
] |
who wrote the novel evening class? | [
{
"title": "Evening Class (novel)",
"text": "Evening Class (novel) Evening Class is a novel by Maeve Binchy. It was adapted as the award-winning film \"Italian for Beginners\" (2000) by writer-director Lone Scherfig, who failed to formally acknowledge the source, although at the very end of the closing cred... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Man Who Wrote Frankenstein",
"text": "Hunt, as well as the \"nature of the manuscript evidence\", showed that the work was \"conceived and mainly written by Mary Shelley\". The Man Who Wrote Frankenstein The Man Who Wrote Frankenstein is a 2007 book written and published by John Lauritsen, i... | [
"maeve binchy"
] |
which country does the airline air pacific come from? | [
{
"title": "Pacific Island Air",
"text": "Pacific Island Air Pacific Island Air is an Air Charter company operating out of Nadi International Airport, Fiji. Pacific Island Seaplanes was established in 1999 by Larry 'Dusty' Simon. The air charter company initially operated two de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beave... | [] | [
{
"title": "Pacific Air Lines",
"text": "Pacific Air Lines Pacific Air Lines was a regional airline (then called a \"local service\" air carrier as defined by the federal Civil Aeronautics Board) on the West Coast of the United States which began scheduled passenger operations in the mid 1940s under the nam... | [
"fiji islands",
"pacific/fiji",
"fidji",
"matanitu ko viti",
"fijis",
"fijian islands",
"feejee",
"ripablik ăph phījī",
"cannibal isles",
"sovereign democratic republic of fiji",
"iso 3166-1:fj",
"name of fiji",
"etymology of fiji",
"fiji islander",
"holidays in fiji",
"fiji's",
"... |
in which branch of the arts does allegra kent work? | [
{
"title": "Allegra Kent",
"text": "McGowan and artistic director Barbara Zinn Krieger. The adaptation received positive reviews by \"The New York Times\", \"Time Out New York Kids\", and others. Due to its success, in December 2015, New York City Children's Theater produced a revival of \"Ballerina Swan.\"... | [] | [
{
"title": "Indira Allegra",
"text": "Indira Allegra Indira Allegra is an American artist and writer based in Oakland, California. Her work, which includes installation, sculpture, poetry, and performance art, explores tensions as they manifest internally and in response to political and emotional triggers.... | [
"ballet",
"ballet competitions",
"ballet schools",
"balet, india",
"balletti",
"ballet dancing",
"1938 ballet premieres",
"balletto",
"balletomane",
"2011 ballet premieres",
"1940 ballet premieres",
"balletomanes",
"1939 ballet premieres",
"ballet characters",
"ballet teachers",
"balle... |
who had a 70s no 1 hit with billy, don't be a hero? | [
{
"title": "Billy Don't Be a Hero",
"text": "Billy Don't Be a Hero \"Billy Don't Be a Hero\" is a 1974 pop song that was first a UK hit for Paper Lace and then, some months later, a US hit for Bo Donaldson and The Heywoods. The song was written and composed by two British songwriters, Mitch Murray and Peter... | [] | [
{
"title": "Billy Don't Be a Hero",
"text": "performed a comedic cover of this song, featuring the altered line, \"Where did Billy's head go?\" in place of \"Billy, keep your head low.\" Dav Pilkey, creator of Captain Underpants, named the hero of \"The Adventures of Super Diaper Baby\" Billy solely to make... | [
"bo donaldson and the heywoods",
"bo donaldson and the heywoods",
"bo donaldson and the heywoods",
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"bo donaldson & the haywoods",
"bo donaldson & the heywoods",
"bo donaldson & the heywoods",
"bo donaldson",
"rick joswick",
"bo donaldson and the haywoods"
] |
banting and best pioneered the use of what? | [
{
"title": "Banting and Best Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship",
"text": "Banting and Best Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship The Banting and Best Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship is an initiative of the University of Toronto which facilitates business mentorship and the developme... | [] | [
{
"title": "Banting and Best Centre for Innovation and Entrepreneurship",
"text": "developed in 1921. The Centre, managed by the University of Toronto, set up facilities to foster collaborative work between students, faculty and private enterprise by providing office space, courses and equipment. The centre... | [
"insulin antagonists",
"human mixtard",
"insulin recombinant purified human",
"ins (gene)",
"insulin human",
"c65r",
"insulin recombinant human",
"c257h383n65o77s6",
"insulin purified pork",
"actraphane",
"insulin zinc susp recombinant human",
"insuline",
"insulin zinc susp prompt beef",
"... |
who directed the movie la dolce vita? | [
{
"title": "La Dolce Vita",
"text": "La Dolce Vita La Dolce Vita (; Italian for \"the sweet life\" or \"the good life\") is a 1960 Italian drama film directed and co-written by Federico Fellini. The film follows Marcello Rubini (Marcello Mastroianni), a journalist writing for gossip magazines, over seven da... | [] | [
{
"title": "La dolce vita (song)",
"text": "one which would not be bettered until 2006. The song is sung from the perspective of a person looking back at her life and coming to the conclusion that she has lived well and has no regrets. Saaristo also recorded the song in English under the same title; \"La Do... | [
"federico fellini, cavaliere di gran croce omri",
"felini",
"felliniesque",
"fellini",
"frederico fellini",
"federico fellini"
] |
which country does the airline lacsa come from? | [
{
"title": "Avianca Costa Rica",
"text": "Avianca Costa Rica Avianca Costa Rica, formerly known as LACSA (\"Spanish: Lineas Aéreas Costarricenses S.A.\"), minority owned by the Synergy Group, is the national airline of Costa Rica and is based in San José. It operates international scheduled services to over... | [] | [
{
"title": "Come from the Heart",
"text": "(with front man Todd Snider) recorded the song in 2014 as a duet with Rosanne Cash. The song includes the lyrics: which \"The Yale Book of Quotations\" attributes as the source for similar aphorisms sometimes attributed to others (e.g. Annie's Mailbox attributes a ... | [
"countries: costa rica",
"costarrica",
"republic of costa rica",
"sport in costa rica",
"costarica",
"the republic of costa rica",
"costa rica",
"rich coast",
"costa-rica",
"climate of costa rica",
"costa rica",
"costa rican",
"república de costa rica",
"climate of costa rica",
"cosat r... |
who directed 2001: a space odyssey? | [
{
"title": "2001: A Space Odyssey",
"text": "had been with Kubrick's film, although he did appear in a cameo role in the finished film, sitting on a park bench feeding birds outside the White House. 2001: A Space Odyssey 2001: A Space Odyssey is the 1968 science fiction written by Arthur C. Clarke and the d... | [] | [
{
"title": "2001: A Space Odyssey",
"text": "its scientific realism, pioneering special effects, and provocatively ambiguous imagery and sound in place of traditional narrative techniques. Despite receiving mixed reviews upon release, \"2001: A Space Odyssey\" is today thought by some critics to be one of t... | [
"stanley q-brick",
"stanley kubrick",
"stan kubrick",
"stanley kubrik",
"kubricks",
"list of stanley kubrick films",
"stanley kubrick",
"uncompleted kubrick films",
"toba metz",
"stanley kubrik",
"kubrick",
"kubrik",
"kubrickian"
] |
which is the largest of the japanese volcano islands? | [
{
"title": "Volcano Islands",
"text": "or central mountain) on Iwo Jima; and two settlements on Kita Iwo Jima: Ishino-mura (\"Ishino village\"; Ishino is a surname) and Nishi-mura (\"West village\"). The municipal administration office was located in Higashi until 1940, when the municipality was integrated ... | [] | [
{
"title": "McDonald Islands (volcano)",
"text": "McDonald Islands (volcano) The McDonald Islands () are the peaks of a volcano in the southern Indian Ocean in the vicinity of Heard Island (). The islands are Australian external territory. Prior to 1992, the volcano had not erupted in the previous 75,000 ye... | [
"mount surabachi",
"iō-tō",
"iwō tō",
"iwo-jima",
"io-jima",
"ivo jima",
"io to",
"iōtō",
"iwo to",
"iwo jima island",
"iwo jima",
"ioto",
"iwoto",
"iwo jima",
"iwojima",
"io jima",
"iō tō",
"iwōtō"
] |
who was the first woman to make a solo flight across the atlantic? | [
{
"title": "History of women in the United States",
"text": "would be reliable as a voter on local matters. Feminist organizations in Italy were ignored, as the editors purposely associated emancipation with Americanism and transformed the debate over women's rights into a defense of the Italian-American co... | [] | [
{
"title": "First solo flight",
"text": "his ear. A successful first solo flight is an indication that the student can fly without the instructor (\"instructor-less\" flight). Hence, there is no longer a need for the shirt tail, and it is cut off by the (often) proud instructor, and sometimes displayed as a... | [
"amelia airheart",
"amelia airhardt",
"disappearance of amelia earhart",
"amelia airhart",
"amelia erhart",
"emelia earhart",
"amelia mary earhart",
"amelia aerhart",
"amelia erhardt",
"amelia earheart",
"amelia earnhart",
"amelia earhart putnam",
"emelia airheart",
"amelia earhart",
"am... |
which port lies between puget sound and lake washington? | [
{
"title": "Puget Sound Shore Railroad",
"text": "and Seattle has remained as a major part of today's BNSF Railway, now forming the north end of the Seattle–Vancouver Seattle Subdivision, and carries Amtrak's \"Coast Starlight\" and \"Cascades\". On the other hand, the Woodinville Subdivision around the eas... | [] | [
{
"title": "Puget Sound",
"text": "the ice sheets had retreated. Because the rate of rebound was not synchronous with the post-ice age rise in sea levels, the bed of what is Puget Sound, filled alternately with fresh and with sea water. The upper level of the lake-sediment Lawton Clay now lies about above s... | [
"seattle, washington.",
"seattle weekly news",
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"seattle, us-wa",
"seattle (wa)",
"seattle, wa",
"seattle, wa",
"seattle, washington",
"st. anne seattl... |
who became us vice president when spiro agnew resigned? | [
{
"title": "Spiro Agnew",
"text": "10, 1973, after months of maintaining his innocence, Agnew pleaded no contest to a single felony charge of tax evasion and resigned from office. He was replaced by House Minority Leader Gerald Ford. Agnew spent the remainder of his life quietly, rarely making public appear... | [] | [
{
"title": "Spiro Agnew",
"text": "modern conservatism. Spiro Agnew Spiro Theodore Agnew (; November 9, 1918 – September 17, 1996) was the 39th Vice President of the United States from 1969 until his resignation in 1973. He is the second and more recent officeholder to resign the position, after John C. Cal... | [
"president gerald r. ford",
"gerald r. ford jr.",
"assassination attempts on gerald ford",
"leslie lynch king jr.",
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"ford administration",
"gerald r ford",
"leslie lynch king, jr",
"birth and life of gerald ford",
"leslie lynch king",
"presidency of gerald ... |
in which decade of the 20th century was billy crystal born? | [
{
"title": "Christianity in the 20th century",
"text": "The Evangelical push of the 1940s and 1950s produced a movement that continues to have wide influence. In the southern United States, the Evangelicals, represented by leaders such as Billy Graham, have experienced a notable surge. Australia has seen re... | [] | [
{
"title": "20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Billy Ray Cyrus",
"text": "20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Billy Ray Cyrus 20th Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Billy Ray Cyrus is a compilation album released from Billy Ray Cyru... | [
"the forties",
"1940–1949",
"%6040s",
"1940s",
"nineteen-forties",
"1940s literature",
"'40s",
"1940-1949",
"1940's",
"1940s (decade)"
] |
which george invented the kodak roll-film camera? | [
{
"title": "Brownie (camera)",
"text": "Brownie (camera) The Brownie was a long-running popular series of simple and inexpensive cameras made by Eastman Kodak. Introduced in 1900, it introduced the snapshot to the masses. It was a basic cardboard box camera with a simple meniscus lens that took 2 1/4-inch s... | [] | [
{
"title": "Kodak Stereo Camera",
"text": "and it seems unlikely that any film stereo will ever again bear the Kodak name. But Kodak's involvement with stereo imaging may not yet be over. Several companies have announced digital stereo cameras which will hit the market soon. If history repeats itself Kodak ... | [
"eastman",
"eastman (disambiguation)"
] |
which series had the characters felix unger and oscar madison? | [
{
"title": "The Odd Couple (2015 TV series)",
"text": "as the slovenly Oscar Madison and Thomas Lennon as the obsessively tidy Felix Unger. Perry and Lennon previously worked together on the film \"17 Again\". The show was announced in December 2013 and was picked up by CBS as a midseason offering for the 2... | [] | [
{
"title": "Felix Unger",
"text": "Federal State of North Rhine-Westphalia, Latvia, Slovenia and Serbia; a regular member of the German Leopoldina, Slovakia and the New York Academy of Sciences; and the world and the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. Honorary professor: Honorary doctorates: Felix Un... | [
"the odd couple",
"the female odd couple",
"oscar madison",
"murray greshler",
"oscar madison"
] |
who along with philips developed the cd in the late 70s? | [
{
"title": "Philips CD-i",
"text": "were released: \"\", \"\" and \"Zelda's Adventure\". Nintendo and Philips had established an agreement to co-develop a CD-ROM enhancement for the Super Nintendo Entertainment System due to licensing disagreements with Nintendo's previous partner Sony (an agreement that pr... | [] | [
{
"title": "Philips CD-i",
"text": "Philips CD-i The Philips CD-i (an abbreviation of Compact Disc Interactive) is an interactive multimedia CD player developed and marketed by Dutch company Philips, who supported it from December 1991 to late 1998. It was created to provide more functionality than an audio... | [
"tokyo tsushin kogyo",
"dcr-dvd405e",
"dsc-p93",
"ソニー株式会社",
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"sony corporation",
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"list of sony shareholders and subsidiaries",
"sony style",
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"sony entertainment",
"s0ny",
"sony corporation",
"the sony corporation",
"list... |
where is the multinational nestle based? | [
{
"title": "Marion Nestle",
"text": "Her name is pronounced like the English verb \"nestle\", not like the name of the Swiss food conglomerate, to whom she is unrelated. In 2011, \"Forbes\" magazine listed Nestle as number 2 of \"The world's 7 most powerful foodies.\" Marion Nestle Marion Nestle (born 1936)... | [] | [
{
"title": "Eberhard Nestle",
"text": "Eberhard Nestle Eberhard Nestle (May 1, 1851, Stuttgart – March 9, 1913, Stuttgart) was a German biblical scholar, textual critic, orientalist, editor of Novum Testamentum Graece, and the father of Erwin Nestle. Nestle was a son of the upper tribunal procurator (\"Ober... | [
"iso 3166-1:ch",
"svissland",
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"confederation helvetia",
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"environmental integrity group",
"confoederatio helvetica",
"svizra",
"switzerland",
"confédération suisse",
"swissenergy",
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"švýcarsko",
"die schwei... |
do you know where you're going to? was the theme from which film? | [
{
"title": "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)",
"text": "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To) \"Theme from \"Mahogany\" (Do You Know Where You're Going To)\" is a song written by Michael Masser and Gerry Goffin, and initially recorded by American singer Thelma Housto... | [] | [
{
"title": "Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday?",
"text": "Do You Know What I'm Going to Do Next Saturday? Do You Know What I'm Going To Do Next Saturday? is a 1963 children's book published by Beginner Books and written by Helen Palmer Geisel, the first wife of Theodor Seuss Geisel (Dr. Seuss).... | [
"mahoganies",
"mahoganier",
"mahogony",
"mahagany",
"mahogany",
"mahoganish",
"mogany",
"mahoganyish"
] |
19969 was the chinese year of which creature? | [
{
"title": "Chinese New Year",
"text": "10-year cycle of heavenly stems. Each of the ten heavenly stems is associated with one of the five elements of Chinese astrology, namely: Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water. The elements are rotated every two years while a yin and yang association alternates every ye... | [] | [
{
"title": "Chinese New Year",
"text": "were called \"hard substance\" (Cantonese: 硬嘢). Instead, they wanted \"soft substance\" (Cantonese: 軟嘢), which was either a ten dollar or a twenty dollar note. Chinese New Year Chinese New Year is a Chinese festival that celebrates the beginning of a new year on the t... | [
"🐀",
"species of rat",
"ratus (genus)",
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"rattus rattus domesticus",
"true rat",
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"rat iq",
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"rattus",
"rat feces",
"stenomys",
"ringie",
"list of rat species",
"rat species"
] |
in the 90s how many points have been awarded for finishing second in a grand prix? | [
{
"title": "1983 Brazilian Grand Prix",
"text": "Lotus 93T, but switched to the team's spare car, a Cosworth DFV-powered Lotus 92, when the Renault unit failed on the warm-up lap. This was deemed illegal and so he was disqualified. Rosberg was disqualified for a push start in the pits, after his car momenta... | [] | [
{
"title": "USCF Grand Prix",
"text": "were called \"chicken points\" and the tournaments at which these points were awarded was called the \"Chicken circuit\". As years passed, the sponsorship has changed. For several years the sponsor was Novag, a maker of chess computers. Currently, the sponsor is ChessC... | [
"six",
"6"
] |
stapleton international airport is in which us state? | [
{
"title": "Stapleton International Airport",
"text": "Stapleton International Airport Stapleton International Airport was the primary airport serving Denver, Colorado, United States from 1929 to 1995. At different times it served as a hub for Continental Airlines, the original Frontier Airlines, People Exp... | [] | [
{
"title": "Stapleton International Airport",
"text": "to Concourse E. Continental closed its Stapleton pilot and flight attendant bases in October 1994, reducing operations and making United the airport's largest carrier. Delta Flight 569 from Dallas/Ft.Worth was the last commercial flight to land at Stapl... | [
"colorado (state)",
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"special districts of colorado",
"insignia of the state of colorado",
"list of military facilities in colorado",
"coloradan",
"cuisines of colorado",
"colorado (u.s. state)",
"list of professional sports teams in colorado",
"religion in colorado",
"profes... |
what was kevin kline's first movie? | [
{
"title": "Kevin Kline",
"text": "Ado About Nothing\" (1988), \"Henry V\" (1984), and two productions of \"Hamlet\", in 1986 and 1990 (which he also directed). A videotape of the 1990 production has aired on PBS. He also appeared in a Lincoln Center production that combined the two parts of \"Henry IV\" on... | [] | [
{
"title": "Kevin Kline",
"text": "with juvenile diabetes, Kline became active with the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. In November 2004, he was presented with the JDRF's Humanitarian of the Year award by Meryl Streep for his volunteer efforts on behalf of the organization. The Kevin Kline Awards hon... | [
"sophie's choice",
"sophie's choice (disambiguation)",
"sophies choice",
"sophie's choice"
] |
which actor had a doberman pinscher called kirk? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Miniature Pinscher",
"text": "German Pinscher to the family tree. The international kennel club, the Fédération Cynologique Internationale, lists the Miniature Pinscher in Group 2, Section 1.1 \"Pinscher\", along with the Dobermann, the German Pinscher, the Austrian Pinscher, and the other Toy P... | [
"gloria rabinowitz",
"star trek (shatnerverse novels)",
"shatastic",
"william shatner",
"a twist in the tale (1998 tv series)",
"shatneresque",
"the shat",
"bill shatner",
"shatnerian",
"nerine kidd",
"the shatters",
"gloria rand",
"willem shatner",
"william alan shatner",
"shatner, will... |
which country became the first in the world to issue the dreaded parking ticket? | [
{
"title": "Disc parking",
"text": "which can make a one-hour parking zone as short as thirty minutes, possibly resulting in an unjustified parking ticket. On March 31, 1979 the conference of ministers of transportation in the European Union decided that a European standard should only use designs with a si... | [] | [
{
"title": "Ticket to the World",
"text": "Ticket to the World Ticket to the World is the fourth studio album by Nigerian-German singer–songwriter Ayọ. It was released on 7 October 2013. The album was produced by Jay Newland, who was also the producer of her first two albums, with musicians like Larry Campb... | [
"la republique francaise",
"franciaország",
"la republique française",
"belle france",
"france",
"republique française",
"france",
"ranska",
"franciaorszag",
"french republic",
"république francaise",
"république française",
"iso 3166-1:fr",
"frankreich",
"france (country)",
"ety... |
what day of the week was the wall street crash? | [
{
"title": "Wall Street Crash of 1929",
"text": "Wall Street Crash of 1929 The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Stock Market Crash of 1929 or the Great Crash, is the stock market crash that occurred in late October, 1929. It started on October 24 (\"Black Thursday\") and continued until October ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Wall Street Week",
"text": "purchased on television stations in New York, Chicago, San Francisco and Washington. The first episode featured special guest \"bond king\" Jeffrey Gundlach of DoubleLine Capital and panelists Liz Ann Sonders (who was a frequent panelist on the original \"Wall Street ... | [
"thor's day",
"guruvaar",
"thor's day",
"thursdays",
"thursday",
"thurs.",
"thorsday",
"jupiter's day"
] |
the us signed a treaty with which country to allow the construction of the panama canal? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "History of the Panama Canal",
"text": "United States. On September 7, 1977, US President Jimmy Carter signed the Torrijos-Carter Treaty setting in motion the process of transferring control of the canal to Panama. The treaty became effective on October 1, 1979, providing for a 20-year period in ... | [
"columbia",
"columbia (municipality)",
"columbia (song)",
"columbia automobile",
"columbia (yacht)",
"columbia (disambiguation)",
"columbia (town)"
] |
what was prince's last no 1 of the 80s? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Symphony No.1: What Happened When I Was Asleep",
"text": "be able to pull your headphones out\"\" and YourEDM's Timmy Kusnierek wrote \"\"...It's a beautifully avant-garde collection that incorporates the gamut of genres, including breakbeat, dub, neoclassical, ambient, and more. The ten tracks ... | [
"batdance"
] |
man in the mirror first featured on which michel jackson album? | [
{
"title": "Man in the Mirror",
"text": "was also the top single in iTunes downloads in the US and the UK. It has sold 567,280 copies in the UK as of January 2016. Man in the Mirror \"Man in the Mirror\" is a song recorded by Michael Jackson, written by Glen Ballard and Siedah Garrett and produced by Jackso... | [] | [
{
"title": "Man in the Mirror: The Michael Jackson Story",
"text": "Man in the Mirror: The Michael Jackson Story Man in the Mirror: The Michael Jackson Story is a 2004 Canadian-American biographical telefilm produced for VH1. The biopic stars Flex Alexander as Michael Jackson, and follows his rise to fame a... | [
"bad (disambiguation)",
"bad (song)",
"bad",
"bad",
"bad (disambiguation)",
"badness"
] |
where was the first battle with us involvement in the korean war? | [
{
"title": "Battle of Suwon Airfield",
"text": "Battle of Suwon Airfield The Battle of Suwon Airfield was the first aerial battle of the Korean War occurring on June 27, 1950 over Kimpo Airfield and Suwon Airfield. The battle, between aircraft of the United States and North Korea, ended in a victory for the... | [] | [
{
"title": "United States in the Korean War",
"text": "late July 1950 Task Force Smith was overrun in the city of Taejon. Troops from the Army's 25th Infantry Division were deployed to Taejon to establish a new line and pullout the decimated 24th I.D. This addition of combat troops did not stop the North Ko... | [
"水原",
"suwon, puwan",
"suwŏn",
"suwon airfield",
"suwon",
"suweon",
"수원",
"suwon city",
"sannam elementary school"
] |
on which caribbean island did princess diana spend he first christmas after her divorce was announced? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Diana, Princess of Wales",
"text": "which Legge-Bourke instructed her attorney Peter Carter-Ruck to demand an apology. Diana's secretary Patrick Jephson resigned shortly before the story broke, later writing that the Princess had \"exulted in accusing Legge-Bourke of having had an abortion\". Th... | [
"barbuda island, antigua and barbuda",
"barbuda island",
"barbuda colony",
"dependency of barbuda, antigua and barbuda",
"barbuda, antigua and barbuda",
"dependency of barbuda",
"barbuda dependency, antigua and barbuda",
"barbuda",
"island of barbuda"
] |
in which decade was arnold schwarzenegger born? | [
{
"title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"text": "1977, he made guest appearances in single episodes of the ABC sitcom \"The San Pedro Beach Bums\" and the ABC police procedural \"The Streets of San Francisco\". Schwarzenegger auditioned for the title role of \"The Incredible Hulk\", but did not win the role bec... | [] | [
{
"title": "Arnold Schwarzenegger",
"text": "serious challenges we face\". Schwarzenegger serves as chairman of the Institute. At a 2015 security conference, Arnold Schwarzenegger called climate change the issue of our time. For the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries, Schwarzenegger endorsed fello... | [
"the fifties",
"1950s",
"1950-1959",
"50's",
"1950's",
"1950–1959",
"nineteen-fifties",
"1950s (decade)",
"1950ies",
"1950's",
"'50s",
"195%3f",
"fifties"
] |
which musical featured the song thank heaven for little girls? | [
{
"title": "Thank Heaven for Little Girls",
"text": "French accent, Peter Sellers. In the \"Happy Days\" Season 5 episode \"Be My Valentine\" (February 14, 1978), a then-18-year-old Scott Baio sang it as part of a series of musical numbers commemorating Valentine's Day. In the 1997 film \"Wag the Dog\", the... | [] | [
{
"title": "Thank Heaven for Little Girls (album)",
"text": "Thank Heaven for Little Girls (album) Thank Heaven for Little Girls is an album by Dwarves released via Sub Pop in 1991. Lyricism of \"Thank Heaven for Little Girls\" ranges from the macabre deaths of young ladies of the night in \"Blag the Ripper... | [
"gigi",
"gigi"
] |
the queen elizabeth liner was destroyed by fire in the 70s in which harbour? | [
{
"title": "RMS Queen Elizabeth",
"text": "was sold to the city of Long Beach, California. \"Queen Elizabeth\" was sold to a succession of buyers, most of whom had unsuccessful plans for her. Finally \"Queen Elizabeth\" was sold to Hong Kong businessman Tung Chao Yung, who intended to convert her into a flo... | [] | [
{
"title": "Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother",
"text": "Reid soundalike. She was portrayed by Juliet Aubrey in \"Bertie and Elizabeth\", Sylvia Syms in \"The Queen\", Natalie Dormer in \"W.E.\", Olivia Colman in \"Hyde Park on Hudson\", Victoria Hamilton in \"The Crown\", and in \"The King's Speech\" by Hel... | [
"kong hong",
"hong kong, city",
"hong kong as a financial center",
"hongkong,china",
"hsian kang",
"hongkong",
"hong-kong",
"hon kon",
"hong kong s. a. r.",
"hong kong/china",
"hong kong city",
"hk",
"name of hong kong",
"hong kong,china",
"heung gong",
"hsiankang",
"hong kong/infobo... |
what breed of dog did columbo own? | [
{
"title": "Columbo (character)",
"text": "he is visiting them. \"Étude in Black\" (1972) marked the first appearance of the lieutenant's basset hound, named \"Dog\". \"Dog\" came to be an occasional regular character in the films. Columbo considered names like \"Fido\", \"Munch\" and \"Beethoven\" but ulti... | [] | [
{
"title": "Breed type (dog)",
"text": "line\" This terminology is incorrect. The word \"type\" in reference to a dog refers specifically to the description of what defines that breed and what makes that breed of dog different from every other breed, as can be found in that breed's written Standard. When co... | [
"basset hound",
"bassett hound",
"basset hounds",
"basset hound",
"basid hound"
] |
what combined with metro pictures and goldwyn pictures to form mgm? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Goldwyn Pictures",
"text": "fire in an MGM storage facility destroyed many negatives and prints, including the best-quality copies of every Goldwyn picture produced prior to 1924; over half of MGM's feature films from before 1930 are completely lost. On March 25, 1986, Ted Turner and his Turner ... | [
"louis b mayer company"
] |
which oscar-winning actress was born on exactly the same day as actress lindsay wagner? | [
{
"title": "Sarah Jones (stage actress)",
"text": "made numerous TV appearances on programs including Charlie Rose, The Today Show, CBS Sunday Morning, Live with Regis and Kelly, and \"Sesame Street\" as Mr. Noodle's Other Sister, Ms. Noodle on Elmo's World. Sarah Jones (stage actress) Sarah Jones (born Nov... | [] | [
{
"title": "Lindsay Wagner",
"text": "Lindsay Wagner Lindsay Jean Wagner (born June 22, 1949) is an American film and television actress, model, author, singer, acting coach, and adjunct professor. Wagner is best known for her leading role in the American science-fiction television series \"The Bionic Woman... | [
"meryl streep",
"meryl streep",
"mary streep",
"streep",
"mary louise streep",
"merril streep",
"meril streep"
] |
which amendment to the constitution brought in prohibition in 1920? | [
{
"title": "Prohibition in the United States",
"text": "December 18, 1918. Upon being approved by a 36th state on January 16, 1919, the amendment was ratified as a part of the Constitution. By the terms of the amendment, the country went dry one year later, on January 17, 1920. On October 28, 1919, Congress... | [] | [
{
"title": "Prohibition in the United States",
"text": "larger process of Americanization taking place during the same time period. Two other amendments to the Constitution were championed by dry crusaders to help their cause. One was granted in the Sixteenth Amendment (1913), which replaced alcohol taxes t... | [
"18",
"18th",
"eighteen"
] |
in richard nixon's famous checkers speech, who or what was checkers? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Checkers speech",
"text": "in later years, Hal Bochin (who wrote a book about Nixon's rhetoric) suggests that Nixon succeeded at the time because of his use of narrative, spinning a story which resonated with the public: Explanatory notes Citations Other sources Checkers speech The Checkers spee... | [
"his daughter's dog"
] |
which oil scandal hit the us in 1924? | [
{
"title": "Teapot Dome scandal",
"text": "Teapot Dome scandal The Teapot Dome scandal was a bribery scandal involving the administration of United States President Warren G. Harding from 19211923. Secretary of the Interior Albert Bacon Fall had leased Navy petroleum reserves at Teapot Dome in Wyoming, and ... | [] | [
{
"title": "2009 Triton Oil Scandal",
"text": "2009 Triton Oil Scandal The 2009 Triton Oil scandal involved the unauthorized release of oil by Kenya Pipeline Company (KPC) without informing financiers. The scandal became public in January 2009. The release of the oil occurred in 2008 when Triton Oil Company... | [
"teapot dome affair",
"teapot dome scandal",
"tea pot dome scandal",
"tea pot dome",
"teapot dome scandal",
"teapot dome",
"elk hills oil field",
"teapot dome scandal",
"teapot scandal",
"tea pot dome scandal",
"tea pot dome scandel"
] |
phil collins appeared in which spielberg film with robin williams? | [
{
"title": "Steven Spielberg",
"text": "for the romantic comedy-drama \"Always\", about a daredevil pilot who extinguishes forest fires. Spielberg's first romantic film, \"Always\" was only a moderate success and had mixed reviews. In 1991, Spielberg directed \"Hook\", about a middle-aged Peter Pan, played ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Robin Spielberg",
"text": "Robin Spielberg Robin Spielberg (born November 20, 1962) is a Billboard charts American pianist, composer and author. Raised in the suburban town of Maplewood, New Jersey, she attended Michigan State University and later Tisch School of the Arts at New York University,... | [
"hook",
"hook"
] |
1998 was the chinese year of which creature? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Chinese New Year",
"text": "religious holiday. Effectively from 6 December 1967, until 1998, the spiritual practice to celebrate the Chinese New Year by Chinese families was restricted specifically only inside of the Chinese house. This restriction is made by Indonesian government through a Pres... | [
"tigress",
"🐅",
"tigers in captivity",
"tigris striatus",
"tigers (animal)",
"mating tigers",
"sexual behavior of tigers",
"🐯",
"endangered subspecies of tiger",
"tiger populations",
"tigers",
"tigris regalis",
"panthera tigris",
"tiger",
"f tigris",
"tiger blood",
"naahar",
"afr... |
theodore francis international airport is in which us state? | [
{
"title": "T. F. Green Airport",
"text": "T. F. Green Airport T. F. Green International Airport (officially Theodore Francis Green Memorial State Airport) is a public international airport in Warwick, Rhode Island, six miles (10 km) south of the state's capital and largest city of Providence. Opened in 193... | [] | [
{
"title": "Avey Field State Airport",
"text": "Avey Field State Airport Avey Field State Airport is a public use airport located on the Canada–US border at Laurier, in Ferry County, Washington, United States. It is privately owned and operated. Also known as Avey Field State/Laurier Airport, it is one of s... | [
"rhodeisland",
"villages of rhode island",
"rogue's island",
"rhode island treasurer",
"rhode island (u.s. state)",
"education in rhode island",
"rhode island general treasurer",
"rhode island agriculture",
"rhode island and the providence plantations",
"demographics of rhode island",
"rhode isl... |
in which soap did demi moore find fame? | [
{
"title": "Demi Moore",
"text": "Demi Moore Demi Gene Guynes (born November 11, 1962), professionally known as Demi Moore ( ), is an American actress, former songwriter, and model. Moore dropped out of high school at age 16 to pursue an acting career and appeared in the men's pornographic magazine \"Oui\" ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Demi Moore",
"text": "Men Don't Buy Girls.\" In November 2012, the foundation said it was announcing \"a new name and refined mission\" as Thorn: Digital Defenders of Children, which aimed \"to disrupt and deflate the predatory behavior of those who abuse and traffic children, solicit sex with c... | [
"everyday heroes",
"genaral hospital",
"general hospital",
"general hospital (us tv series)",
"general hospital (us tv series)",
"general hospital (u.s. tv series)",
"general hospital (1963-1977)"
] |
to the nearest million, what is the population of london, england? | [
{
"title": "Population history of indigenous peoples of the Americas",
"text": "about one million people. The Maya population is today estimated at six million, which is about the same as at the end of the 15th century, according to some estimates. In what is now Brazil, the indigenous population declined f... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Expansion of England",
"text": "parliament. Seeley noted that it was possible for the Dominions to become independent of Britain: \"Such a separation would leave England on the same level as the states nearest to us on the Continent, populous, but less so than Germany and scarcely equal to F... | [
"seven million",
"7million",
"7 million"
] |
what did clarice cliff create? | [
{
"title": "Clarice Cliff",
"text": "Antiques Roadshow programme in December 2009. In September 2009 the Victoria and Albert Museum in London opened its 'New Ceramics Galleries' and Cliff's work was chosen to be included; 'There will be two rooms displaying 20th-century collections. One will show ceramics m... | [] | [
{
"title": "Clarice Cliff",
"text": "Clarice Cliff Clarice Cliff (20 January 1899 – 23 October 1972) was an English ceramic artist active from 1922 to 1963. She began as an apprentice potter. By reason of her talent and ability, she became a ceramic artist, becoming the head of the factory artistic departme... | [
"pots",
"pottery and porcelain",
"pottery maker",
"art ware",
"pottery-makers",
"pottery-maker",
"vase painting",
"fine art pot",
"clay pottery",
"ceramics",
"pottery",
"ceramicware",
"art pottery",
"painted vase",
"ceramic pot",
"ceramic ware",
"ceramics art",
"pot throwing",
"p... |
which james bond film features a song by louis armstrong? | [
{
"title": "Motifs in the James Bond film series",
"text": "title sequence for \"Spectre\". A contemporary artist usually sings during the title sequence and an instrumental version of the main track may also be featured as a leitmotif during the film, which repeats in various moods. Writing for \"Rolling S... | [] | [
{
"title": "On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)",
"text": "I'm on My Way!\", a song sung by Ella Fitzgerald the previous year (1957) on the \"Porgy and Bess\" album by Fitzgerald and Armstrong. That song begins: \"Porgy and all, I'm on my way to a heav'nly lan. On My Way (Louis Armstrong song) \"On My Way\" is... | [
"ohmss",
"ohmss",
"on her majesty's secret service",
"on her majestys secret service",
"on her majesty's secret service (disambiguation)"
] |
in which decade of the 20th century was william hurt born? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "William Hurt",
"text": "William Hurt William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature ... | [
"the fifties",
"1950s",
"1950-1959",
"50's",
"1950's",
"1950–1959",
"nineteen-fifties",
"1950s (decade)",
"1950ies",
"1950's",
"'50s",
"195%3f",
"fifties"
] |
in what year were us ground troops first dispatched to vietnam? | [
{
"title": "CIA activities in Vietnam",
"text": "planning an immediate takeover, but are concentrating on psychological operations to increase unrest in the south and among American forces. Special National Intelligence Estimate 10-9-65, was done to assess the reactions, in various parts of the world, to an... | [] | [
{
"title": "Vietnam War",
"text": "Task Force in Phước Tuy Province. Australia, with decades of experience from both the Malayan Emergency and its AATTV role in 1962, recognised the necessity of a true counter-insurgency, which relied on providing village-level security, establishing civilian trust and econ... | [
"one thousand, nine hundred and sixty-five",
"1965"
] |
in 1999 anna kournikova signed a lucrative contract to model what? | [
{
"title": "Anna Kournikova",
"text": "subsequently separated. The couple have invested in a $20 million home to be built on a private island in Miami. They had twins, Nicholas and Lucy, on Saturday, 16 December 2017, at South Miami Hospital. Most of Kournikova's fame has come from the publicity surrounding... | [] | [
{
"title": "Anna Kournikova",
"text": "also reached the final in Stanford. On 22 November 1999 she reached the world No. 1 ranking in doubles, and ended the season at this ranking. Anna Kournikova and Martina Hingis were presented with the WTA Award for Doubles Team of the Year. Kournikova opened her 2000 s... | [
"bras",
"bras (disambiguation)"
] |
which member of the monkees came from washington dc? | [
{
"title": "The Monkees",
"text": "the time of the Monkees visit and as such, the party inspired the line in the Monkees' tune \"Randy Scouse Git\", written by Dolenz, which read, \"the four kings of EMI are sitting stately on the floor.\" George Harrison praised their self-produced musical attempts, saying... | [] | [
{
"title": "Massive Monkees",
"text": "Ricky Bobby\" on a trampoline. Week 6: VMA Challenge: In this episode of America's Best Dance Crew, the final 4 crews danced to an iconic VMA performance. Massive Monkees were in the bottom 2.Their assigned VMA performance was \"Tearin' Up My Heart\" by *NSYNC, which i... | [
"peter thorkelson",
"peter tork"
] |
in what decade were video recorders first developed? | [
{
"title": "Video manipulation",
"text": "have been instances when this technology was used during political campaigns. The proof-of-principle software \"Face2Face\" was developed at Stanford University. Such advanced video manipulation must be ranked alongside and beyond previous examples of deep fakes. Th... | [] | [
{
"title": "TiVo digital video recorders",
"text": "and info about cast, crew, similar shows – without interrupting your TV experience...When you're not at home, the app still lets you interact with your Premiere for basic management and recording tasks.\" TiVo digital video recorders TiVo digital video rec... | [
"the fifties",
"1950s",
"1950-1959",
"50's",
"1950's",
"50s",
"1950–1959",
"nineteen-fifties",
"1950s (decade)",
"1950ies",
"1950's",
"'50s",
"195%3f",
"fifties"
] |
who had the noels spy hook and spy line published in the 80s? | [
{
"title": "Spy Hook",
"text": "Spy Hook Spy Hook is a 1988 spy novel by Len Deighton. It is the first novel in the second of three trilogies about Bernard Samson, a middle-aged and somewhat jaded intelligence officer working for the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6). \"Spy Hook\" is part of the \"H... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Spy Who Loved Me (novel)",
"text": "first name Fleming purloined for the novel's heroine. \"The Spy Who Loved Me\" was published in the UK on 16 April 1962, as a hardcover edition by publishers Jonathan Cape; it was 221 pages long and cost 15 shillings. Artist Richard Chopping once again und... | [
"leonard cyril deighton",
"len deighton",
"len deighton's london dossier"
] |
the first credit cards were for use in what type of establishments? | [
{
"title": "Credit card",
"text": "cards. Merchants often advertise which cards they accept by displaying acceptance marks – generally derived from logos – or this may be communicated in signage in the establishment or in company material (e.g., a restaurant's menu may indicate which credit cards are accept... | [] | [
{
"title": "Credit score in the United States",
"text": "Wachovia Bank in 2006) abandoned FICO scores for a more costly analysis of a potential borrower's assets and employment before giving a loan. According to the experts at MyFico.com, credit scores are enhanced by having multiple credit cards, the use o... | [
"eateries",
"cookshop",
"restuarant",
"restarant",
"resteraunt",
"piqueteadero",
"restaurant",
"restaraunt",
"restaurants",
"resturants",
"resturant",
"public food facility",
"eatery",
"theatre restaurant",
"resturaunt",
"restuarent",
"restauraunt",
"chef's table",
"resterant"
] |
in which country was ursula andrews born? | [
{
"title": "Ursula Bagdasarjanz",
"text": "Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Schoeck: Violin Concerto in B-flat Major, Op. 21 (album: Ursula Bagdasarjanz violin, Gallo) Ursula Bagdasarjanz on \"MusicWeb International, September 2013 Ursula Bagdasarjanz CD (Vol. 4) has been reviewed on MusicWeb International Ursul... | [] | [
{
"title": "Sherlock James Andrews",
"text": "Sherlock James Andrews Sherlock James Andrews (November 17, 1801 – February 11, 1880) lawyer and congressman. He was born in Wallingford, Connecticut to Dr. John Andrews and Abigail Atwater. He graduated from Union College, Schenectady, New York, in 1821 and stu... | [
"iso 3166-1:ch",
"svissland",
"etymology of switzerland",
"confederation helvetia",
"swizerland",
"confederatio helvetica",
"environmental integrity group",
"confoederatio helvetica",
"svizra",
"switzerland",
"confédération suisse",
"swissenergy",
"schweitz",
"švýcarsko",
"die schwei... |
what was cbs tv news broadcaster walter cronkite's stock closing phrase? | [
{
"title": "Walter Cronkite",
"text": "13 moon missions, Cronkite received the best ratings and made CBS the most-watched television network for the missions. In 1970, when Huntley retired, the \"CBS Evening News\" finally dominated the American TV news viewing audience. Although NBC finally settled on the ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Walter Cronkite",
"text": "relay what Johnson had said to him. During the final ten minutes of that broadcast, Cronkite reported on the death, giving a retrospective on the life of the nation's 36th president, and announced that CBS would air a special on Johnson later that evening. This story w... | [
"cronkite, walter leland, jr.",
"old ironpants",
"walter cronkite jr.",
"and that's the way it is",
"walter leland cronkite, jr.",
"walter conkrite",
"walter cronkite",
"walter l. cronkite jr.",
"walter leland cronkite",
"walter conkrite",
"walter leland cronkite jr.",
"walter kronkite"
] |
which item of clothing cost isadora duncan her life? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Isadora Duncan",
"text": "Isadora Duncan Angela Isadora Duncan (May 26, 1877 or May 27, 1878 – September 14, 1927) was an American and French dancer who performed to acclaim throughout Europe. Born in California, she lived in Western Europe and the Soviet Union from the age of 22 until her death... | [
"scarf- it was caught in a moving car wheel"
] |
who had a 70s no 1 hit with let your love flow? | [
{
"title": "Let Your Love Flow",
"text": "Let Your Love Flow \"Let Your Love Flow\" is a pop song written by Larry E. Williams which was recorded in the autumn of 1975 by country music duo the Bellamy Brothers for whom it afforded an international hit in 1976. The song's composer Larry E. Williams had been ... | [] | [
{
"title": "Let Your Love Flow",
"text": "the British Isles the track achieved chart peaks of #7 in the UK and #3 in Ireland. \"Let Your Love Flow\" also reached #1 on the hit parade for South Africa, #2 in New Zealand and #6 in Australia. In 2008 and 2009 \"Let Your Love Flow\" enjoyed a UK chart renaissan... | [
"howard bellamy",
"bellamy brothers",
"the bellamy brothers",
"david m. bellamy",
"david bellamy (singer)"
] |
which state renewed mike tyson's boxing license in 1998? | [
{
"title": "Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha",
"text": "Mike Tyson vs. Francois Botha Mike Tyson and Francois Botha competed in a professional boxing match on January 16, 1999. Tyson won the match by knocking out Botha in the fifth round. After Tyson's controversial fight with Evander Holyfield on June 28, 199... | [] | [
{
"title": "Mike Tyson",
"text": "not permanent, as the commission voted 4–1 to restore Tyson's boxing license on October 18, 1998. During his time away from boxing in 1998, Tyson made a guest appearance at WrestleMania XIV as an enforcer for the main event match between Shawn Michaels and Steve Austin. Dur... | [
"silver state",
"nevada, united states",
"sports in nevada",
"geography of nevada",
"us-nv",
"nevada's southern boundary 1861-1867",
"transportation in nevada",
"the sagebrush state",
"nv (state)",
"education in nevada",
"religion in nevada",
"nevadian",
"36th state",
"the battle born stat... |
neil armstrong was a pilot in which war? | [
{
"title": "Neil Armstrong",
"text": "Neil Armstrong Neil Alden Armstrong (August 5, 1930 – August 25, 2012) was an American astronaut and aeronautical engineer who was the first person to walk on the Moon. He was also a naval aviator, test pilot, and university professor. A graduate of Purdue University, A... | [] | [
{
"title": "First Flights with Neil Armstrong",
"text": "First Flights with Neil Armstrong First Flights was a half-hour televised aviation history documentary series. The series premiered on September 25, 1991, on A&E Networks and ran for three seasons. It was hosted by former test pilot and astronaut Neil... | [
"corean",
"koreans (disambiguation)",
"korean (disambiguation)",
"koreang",
"korean",
"korea'ng"
] |
nickelodeon was founded in 1979 by which company? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott",
"text": "remains unclear in light of Marriott's current relationship with Nickelodeon, which is limited to hosting weekend getaways at existing resorts. Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott Nickelodeon Resorts by Marriott was a proposed Nickelodeon-themed multi-resor... | [
"warner amex"
] |
which element along with polonium did the curies discover? | [
{
"title": "Polonium",
"text": "the Curies while they were investigating the cause of pitchblende radioactivity. Pitchblende, after removal of the radioactive elements uranium and thorium, was more radioactive than the uranium and thorium combined. This spurred the Curies to search for additional radioactiv... | [] | [
{
"title": "Polonium",
"text": "and sources of neutrons and alpha particles. This radioactivity makes polonium dangerously toxic. Po is an alpha emitter that has a half-life of 138.4 days; it decays directly to its stable daughter isotope, Pb. A milligram (5 curies) of Po emits about as many alpha particles... | [
"radium",
"radium (ra)",
"ra-226",
"element 88"
] |
in the banana splits what sort of animal was snorky? | [
{
"title": "Banana Splits discography",
"text": "Banana Splits discography The Banana Splits are a fictional musical group of four animal characters; Fleegle, a beagle; Bingo, a gorilla; Drooper, a lion; and Snorky, an elephant; played by actors in costume miming to music created for them, who starred in th... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Banana Splits",
"text": "The Banana Splits The Banana Splits Adventure Hour was an hour-long, packaged television variety program featuring The Banana Splits, a fictional rock band composed of four funny animal characters. The costumed hosts of the show were Fleegle (guitar, vocals), Bingo (... | [
"elephantinely",
"elephant tusks",
"rogue elephant",
"elephant",
"🐘",
"elephant hunting",
"elephantineness",
"elephant hunter",
"rogue elephant",
"baby elephants",
"brown elephants",
"elephant",
"elephan",
"פיל",
"elephant population",
"elephant evolution",
"elefonts",
"evolution ... |
who had an 80s no 1 hit with can't fight this feeling? | [
{
"title": "Can't Fight This Feeling",
"text": "Can't Fight This Feeling \"Can't Fight This Feeling\" is a power ballad performed by the American rock band REO Speedwagon. The single remained at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three consecutive weeks from March 9 to March 23, 1985. The song first... | [] | [
{
"title": "Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song)",
"text": "Madonna to complete this song. The single was released in Australia on 26 March 2011. </div> Can't Fight This Feeling (Junior Caldera song) \"Can't Fight this Feeling\" is a song written by Junior Caldera, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Roselyn ... | [
"reo (album)",
"alan gratzer",
"r.e.o. speedwagon",
"reo speedwagon",
"michael bryan murphy",
"can't stop rockin",
"reo speedwagon",
"r.e.o speedwagon"
] |
which parallel was the truce line in the korean war? | [
{
"title": "North Korea in the Korean War",
"text": "North Korea in the Korean War The Korean War started when North Korea invaded South Korea, and ended on July 27, 1953 with the armistice creating the well-known Korean Demilitarized Zone. In August 1945, two young aides at the State Department divided the... | [] | [
{
"title": "The Truce",
"text": "home town Turin, which he had last seen 20 months ago. This book was adapted as a screenplay by Tonino Guerra for a film directed by Francesco Rosi, also titled \"The Truce\" (1997). The Truce The Truce () is a book by the Italian author Primo Levi. It is the sequel to \"If ... | [
"38th parallel",
"38th parallel",
"38th parallel (disambiguation)"
] |
on a computer keyboard which letter is between a and d? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Keyboard computer",
"text": "Keyboard computer A keyboard computer is a computer which contains all of the regular components of a personal computer, except for a screen, in the same housing as the keyboard. The power supply is typically external and connects to the computer via an adapter cable... | [
"🅢",
"ess",
"ⓢ",
"s (letter)",
"s",
"⒮",
"🄢",
"ｓ",
"ⓢ",
"🆂",
"🅂"
] |
what was hitchcock's first sound movie? | [
{
"title": "Alfred Hitchcock",
"text": "wrote in 1982: \"The Hitchcock touch had four hands, and two were Alma's.\" Hitchcock began work on his tenth film, \"Blackmail\" (1929), when its production company, British International Pictures (BIP), converted its Elstree studios to sound. The film was the first ... | [] | [
{
"title": "A. S. Hitchcock",
"text": "from the Smithsonian. A. S. Hitchcock Albert Spear Hitchcock (September 4, 1865 – December 16, 1935) was an American botanist and agrostologist. Hitchcock graduated from the Iowa Agricultural College with bachelor's degree in 1884 and M.S. in 1886. From 1892 to 1901 he... | [
"blackmailer",
"blackmailing",
"blackmail",
"r v lawrence and pomroy",
"blackmailed",
"blackmails",
"black mail"
] |
which newspaper did jackie kennedy work for just before her marriage? | [] | [] | [
{
"title": "Jackie (2016 film)",
"text": "Jackie (2016 film) Jackie is a 2016 biographical drama film directed by Pablo Larraín and written by Noah Oppenheim. The film stars Natalie Portman as Jackie Kennedy and tells the story of her life immediately after the 1963 assassination of her husband John F. Kenn... | [
"washington times (original)",
"washington times-herald",
"washington times herald"
] |
what are the international registration letters of a vehicle from turkey? | [
{
"title": "Vehicle registration plates of Turkey",
"text": "original 67 provinces are newer additions, these province names go chronologically. Vehicle registration plates of Turkey Turkish car number plates are license plates found on Turkish vehicles. The plates use an indirect numbering system associate... | [] | [
{
"title": "Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh",
"text": "Vehicle registration plates of Bangladesh In Bangladesh, the Bangladesh Road Transport Authority (BRTA) issues vehicle registration plates for motor vehicles. The vehicle registration plates in Bangladesh use the Bengali alphabet and Bengali n... | [
"t.r.",
"t.r.",
"tr.",
"tr (disambiguation)",
"tr",
"tr",
"t. r.",
"t r"
] |
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