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RandomWeb — Common Crawl CDX Importer
Fetches URLs from the Common Crawl CDX Index API to seed the database
with a broad sample of the internet.
"""
import asyncio
import logging
import random
from typing import Optional
from urllib.parse import urlparse
import aiohttp
from backend.config import (
COMMON_CRAWL_INDEX_URL,
COMMON_CRAWL_SAMPLE_SIZE,
COMMON_CRAWL_RESCAN_HOURS,
USER_AGENT,
REQUEST_TIMEOUT,
)
from backend.workers.validator import enqueue_url
logger = logging.getLogger("randomweb.common_crawl")
# Sample TLDs to query for broad coverage
SAMPLE_QUERIES = [
"*.com", "*.org", "*.net", "*.io", "*.co",
"*.edu", "*.gov", "*.dev", "*.app", "*.info",
"*.me", "*.tv", "*.co.uk", "*.de", "*.fr",
"*.jp", "*.ru", "*.br", "*.in", "*.ca",
"*.au", "*.nl", "*.it", "*.es", "*.ch",
"*.se", "*.no", "*.fi", "*.dk", "*.pl",
]
async def _get_latest_crawl_index(
session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
) -> Optional[str]:
"""Fetch the latest Common Crawl index URL."""
try:
async with session.get(
COMMON_CRAWL_INDEX_URL,
timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=30),
headers={"User-Agent": USER_AGENT},
) as resp:
if resp.status != 200:
logger.error("Failed to fetch crawl index: HTTP %d", resp.status)
return None
data = await resp.json()
if data and len(data) > 0:
# Latest crawl is first in the list
cdx_api = data[0].get("cdx-api")
crawl_id = data[0].get("id", "unknown")
logger.info("Latest Common Crawl: %s", crawl_id)
return cdx_api
except Exception as e:
logger.error("Failed to get crawl index: %s", e)
return None
async def _query_cdx_for_domains(
session: aiohttp.ClientSession,
cdx_api: str,
query: str,
limit: int = 500,
) -> list[str]:
"""Query the CDX API for URLs matching a pattern."""
urls = []
try:
params = {
"url": query,
"output": "json",
"fl": "url",
"limit": str(limit),
"filter": "status:200",
}
async with session.get(
cdx_api,
params=params,
timeout=aiohttp.ClientTimeout(total=60),
headers={"User-Agent": USER_AGENT},
) as resp:
if resp.status != 200:
logger.debug("CDX query failed for %s: HTTP %d", query, resp.status)
return urls
text = await resp.text()
lines = text.strip().split("\n")
for line in lines:
line = line.strip()
if not line or line.startswith("["):
continue
try:
# Lines can be JSON or plain URL
if line.startswith("{"):
import json
data = json.loads(line)
url = data.get("url", "")
elif line.startswith('"'):
url = line.strip('"')
else:
url = line
if url and url.startswith("http"):
# Normalize to homepage
parsed = urlparse(url)
normalized = f"https://{parsed.netloc}"
urls.append(normalized)
except Exception:
continue
except asyncio.TimeoutError:
logger.debug("CDX query timed out for %s", query)
except Exception as e:
logger.debug("CDX query error for %s: %s", query, e)
return urls
async def run_common_crawl_importer():
"""
Main Common Crawl import loop.
Fetches a broad sample of URLs from the CDX API and queues them.
Runs once on startup, then rescans weekly.
"""
logger.info("Common Crawl importer starting")
while True:
try:
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
cdx_api = await _get_latest_crawl_index(session)
if not cdx_api:
logger.warning("No CDX API available, retrying in 1 hour")
await asyncio.sleep(3600)
continue
logger.info("Importing from CDX API: %s", cdx_api)
total_queued = 0
seen_domains = set()
# Shuffle queries for variety
queries = SAMPLE_QUERIES.copy()
random.shuffle(queries)
per_query_limit = max(
50, COMMON_CRAWL_SAMPLE_SIZE // len(queries)
)
for query in queries:
if total_queued >= COMMON_CRAWL_SAMPLE_SIZE:
break
urls = await _query_cdx_for_domains(
session, cdx_api, query, limit=per_query_limit
)
for url in urls:
domain = urlparse(url).netloc
if domain and domain not in seen_domains:
seen_domains.add(domain)
await enqueue_url(url, source="common_crawl")
total_queued += 1
if total_queued >= COMMON_CRAWL_SAMPLE_SIZE:
break
# Be polite to the CDX API
await asyncio.sleep(2)
logger.info(
"Common Crawl import complete: %d URLs queued", total_queued
)
except Exception as e:
logger.error("Common Crawl importer error: %s", e)
# Wait before next rescan
logger.info(
"Next Common Crawl rescan in %d hours",
COMMON_CRAWL_RESCAN_HOURS,
)
await asyncio.sleep(COMMON_CRAWL_RESCAN_HOURS * 3600)
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