code stringlengths 11 529 | comment stringlengths 19 200 |
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os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGUSR1) | send a signal `signal.SIGUSR1` to the current process |
bytes.fromhex('4a4b4c').decode('utf-8') | decode a hex string '4a4b4c' to UTF-8. |
all(x == myList[0] for x in myList) | check if all elements in list `myList` are identical |
print('%*s : %*s' % (20, 'Python', 20, 'Very Good')) | format number of spaces between strings `Python`, `:` and `Very Good` to be `20` |
res = {k: v for k, v in list(kwargs.items()) if v is not None} | get rid of None values in dictionary `kwargs` |
res = dict((k, v) for k, v in kwargs.items() if v is not None) | get rid of None values in dictionary `kwargs` |
subprocess.check_output('ps -ef | grep something | wc -l', shell=True) | capture final output of a chain of system commands `ps -ef | grep something | wc -l` |
"""""".join(['a', 'b', 'c']) | concatenate a list of strings `['a', 'b', 'c']` |
pd.Series(list(set(s1).intersection(set(s2)))) | find intersection data between series `s1` and series `s2` |
client.send('HTTP/1.0 200 OK\r\n') | sending http headers to `client` |
then = datetime.datetime.strptime(when, '%Y-%m-%d').date() | Format a datetime string `when` to extract date only |
inputString.split('\n') | split a multi-line string `inputString` into separate strings |
' a \n b \r\n c '.split('\n') | Split a multi-line string ` a \n b \r\n c ` by new line character `\n` |
""":""".join(str(x) for x in b) | concatenate elements of list `b` by a colon ":" |
Entry.objects.filter()[:1].get() | get the first object from a queryset in django model `Entry` |
a.sum(axis=1) | Calculate sum over all rows of 2D numpy array |
warnings.simplefilter('always') | enable warnings using action 'always' |
print(' '.join(map(str, l))) | concatenate items of list `l` with a space ' ' |
subprocess.call(['python.exe', 'hello.py', 'htmlfilename.htm']) | run script 'hello.py' with argument 'htmlfilename.htm' on terminal using python executable |
my_float = float(my_string.replace(',', '')) | convert a string `my_string` with dot and comma into a float number `my_float` |
float('123,456.908'.replace(',', '')) | convert a string `123,456.908` with dot and comma into a floating number |
sys.path.append('/path/to/whatever') | set pythonpath in python script. |
re.split('(\\W+)', 'Words, words, words.') | split string 'Words, words, words.' using a regex '(\\W+)' |
file = open('Output.txt', 'a') | open a file `Output.txt` in append mode |
urllib.request.urlretrieve('http://www.example.com/songs/mp3.mp3', 'mp3.mp3') | download a file "http://www.example.com/songs/mp3.mp3" over HTTP and save to "mp3.mp3" |
u = urllib.request.urlopen(url)
f = open(file_name, 'wb')
meta = u.info()
file_size = int(meta.getheaders('Content-Length')[0])
print(('Downloading: %s Bytes: %s' % (file_name, file_size)))
file_size_dl = 0
block_sz = 8192
while True:
buffer = u.read(block_sz)
if (not buffer):
break
file_size_dl += len(buffer)
f.write(buffer)
status = ('%10d [%3.2f%%]' % (file_size_dl, ((file_size_dl * 100.0) / file_size)))
status = (status + (chr(8) * (len(status) + 1)))
print(status, end=' ')
f.close() | download a file `url` over HTTP and save to `file_name` |
response = urllib.request.urlopen('http://www.example.com/')
html = response.read() | download a file 'http://www.example.com/' over HTTP |
r = requests.get(url) | download a file `url` over HTTP |
response = requests.get(url, stream=True)
with open('10MB', 'wb') as handle:
for data in tqdm(response.iter_content()):
handle.write(data) | download a file `url` over HTTP and save to "10MB" |
parser.add_argument('--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 2.0') | argparse add argument with flag '--version' and version action of '%(prog)s 2.0' to parser `parser` |
{i: d[i] for i in d if i != 'c'} | remove key 'c' from dictionary `d` |
pd.merge(split_df, csv_df, on=['key'], suffixes=('_left', '_right')) | Create new DataFrame object by merging columns "key" of dataframes `split_df` and `csv_df` and rename the columns from dataframes `split_df` and `csv_df` with suffix `_left` and `_right` respectively |
s.split(' ', 4) | Split a string `s` by space with `4` splits |
input('Enter your input:') | read keyboard-input |
app.run(debug=True) | enable debug mode on Flask application `app` |
pickle.dump(mylist, open('save.txt', 'wb')) | python save list `mylist` to file object 'save.txt' |
scipy.tensordot(P, T, axes=[1, 1]).swapaxes(0, 1) | Multiply a matrix `P` with a 3d tensor `T` in scipy |
numpy.zeros((3, 3, 3)) | Create 3d array of zeroes of size `(3,3,3)` |
""" """.join(content.split(' ')[:-1]) | cut off the last word of a sentence `content` |
x = np.asarray(x).reshape(1, -1)[(0), :] | convert scalar `x` to array |
sum(sum(i) if isinstance(i, list) else i for i in L) | sum all elements of nested list `L` |
struct.unpack('!f', '470FC614'.decode('hex'))[0] | convert hex string '470FC614' to a float number |
my_dict.update((x, y * 2) for x, y in list(my_dict.items())) | Multiple each value by `2` for all keys in a dictionary `my_dict` |
subprocess.call('sleep.sh', shell=True) | running bash script 'sleep.sh' |
""",""".join(l) | Join elements of list `l` with a comma `,` |
myList = ','.join(map(str, myList)) | make a comma-separated string from a list `myList` |
list(reversed(list(range(10)))) | reverse the list that contains 1 to 10 |
print('lamp, bag, mirror'.replace('bag,', '')) | remove substring 'bag,' from a string 'lamp, bag, mirror' |
""".""".join(s.split('.')[::-1]) | Reverse the order of words, delimited by `.`, in string `s` |
datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(s).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f') | convert epoch time represented as milliseconds `s` to string using format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f' |
time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.gmtime(1236472051807 / 1000.0)) | parse milliseconds epoch time '1236472051807' to format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S' |
(datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=7)).date() | get the date 7 days before the current date |
print(sum(row[column] for row in data)) | sum elements at index `column` of each list in list `data` |
[sum(row[i] for row in array) for i in range(len(array[0]))] | sum columns of a list `array` |
base64.b64encode(bytes('your string', 'utf-8')) | encode binary string 'your string' to base64 code |
dict((k, [d[k] for d in dicts]) for k in dicts[0]) | combine list of dictionaries `dicts` with the same keys in each list to a single dictionary |
{k: [d[k] for d in dicts] for k in dicts[0]} | Merge a nested dictionary `dicts` into a flat dictionary by concatenating nested values with the same key `k` |
[k for k, v in list(Counter(mylist).items()) if v > 1] | identify duplicate values in list `mylist` |
sys.path.insert(1, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'apps')) | Insert directory 'apps' into directory `__file__` |
sys.path.append(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'subdir')) | modify sys.path for python module `subdir` |
db.execute("INSERT INTO present VALUES('test2', ?, 10)", (None,)) | Insert a 'None' value into a SQLite3 table. |
[image for menuitem in list_of_menuitems for image in menuitem] | flatten list `list_of_menuitems` |
a.extend(b) | append elements of a set `b` to a list `a` |
np.savetxt('c:\\data\\np.txt', df.values, fmt='%d') | write the data of dataframe `df` into text file `np.txt` |
df.to_csv('c:\\data\\pandas.txt', header=None, index=None, sep=' ', mode='a') | write content of DataFrame `df` into text file 'c:\\data\\pandas.txt' |
print(x.rpartition('-')[0]) | Split a string `x` by last occurrence of character `-` |
print(x.rsplit('-', 1)[0]) | get the last part of a string before the character '-' |
ftp.storlines('STOR ' + filename, open(filename, 'r')) | upload file using FTP |
browser.execute_script("document.getElementById('XYZ').value+='1'") | add one to the hidden web element with id 'XYZ' with selenium python script |
np.maximum([2, 3, 4], [1, 5, 2]) | create array containing the maximum value of respective elements of array `[2, 3, 4]` and array `[1, 5, 2]` |
print(l[3:] + l[:3]) | print a list `l` and move first 3 elements to the end of the list |
for fn in os.listdir('.'):
if os.path.isfile(fn):
pass | loop over files in directory '.' |
for (root, dirs, filenames) in os.walk(source):
for f in filenames:
pass | loop over files in directory `source` |
[int(1000 * random.random()) for i in range(10000)] | create a random list of integers |
db.GqlQuery('SELECT * FROM Schedule WHERE station = $1', foo.key()) | Google App Engine execute GQL query 'SELECT * FROM Schedule WHERE station = $1' with parameter `foo.key()` |
df.b.str.contains('^f') | filter rows in pandas starting with alphabet 'f' using regular expression. |
print('\n'.join('\t'.join(str(col) for col in row) for row in tab)) | print a 2 dimensional list `tab` as a table with delimiters |
df.set_index(list('BC')).drop(tuples, errors='ignore').reset_index() | pandas: delete rows in dataframe `df` based on multiple columns values |
"""({:d} goals, ${:d})""".format(self.goals, self.penalties) | format the variables `self.goals` and `self.penalties` using string formatting |
"""({} goals, ${})""".format(self.goals, self.penalties) | format string "({} goals, ${})" with variables `goals` and `penalties` |
"""({0.goals} goals, ${0.penalties})""".format(self) | format string "({0.goals} goals, ${0.penalties})" |
[int(''.join(str(d) for d in x)) for x in L] | convert list of lists `L` to list of integers |
[''.join(str(d) for d in x) for x in L] | combine elements of each list in list `L` into digits of a single integer |
L = [int(''.join([str(y) for y in x])) for x in L] | convert a list of lists `L` to list of integers |
myfile.write('\n'.join(lines)) | write the elements of list `lines` concatenated by special character '\n' to file `myfile` |
[x for x in ['AAT', 'XAC', 'ANT', 'TTA'] if 'X' not in x and 'N' not in x] | removing an element from a list based on a predicate 'X' or 'N' |
text = re.sub('\\b(\\w+)( \\1\\b)+', '\\1', text) | Remove duplicate words from a string `text` using regex |
df.astype(bool).sum(axis=1) | count non zero values in each column in pandas data frame |
re.search('(?<!Distillr)\\\\AcroTray\\.exe', 'C:\\SomeDir\\AcroTray.exe') | search for string that matches regular expression pattern '(?<!Distillr)\\\\AcroTray\\.exe' in string 'C:\\SomeDir\\AcroTray.exe' |
"""QH QD JC KD JS""".split() | split string 'QH QD JC KD JS' into a list on white spaces |
print(re.search('>.*<', line).group(0)) | search for occurrences of regex pattern '>.*<' in xml string `line` |
open(filename, 'w').close() | erase all the contents of a file `filename` |
datetime.datetime.strptime(string_date, '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f') | convert a string into datetime using the format '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f' |
[index for index, item in enumerate(thelist) if item[0] == '332'] | find the index of a list with the first element equal to '332' within the list of lists `thelist` |
re.sub('[^\\sa-zA-Z0-9]', '', text).lower().strip() | lower a string `text` and remove non-alphanumeric characters aside from space |
re.sub('(?!\\s)[\\W_]', '', text).lower().strip() | remove all non-alphanumeric characters except space from a string `text` and lower it |
plt.plot(x, y, label='H\u2082O') | subscript text 'H20' with '2' as subscripted in matplotlib labels for arrays 'x' and 'y'. |
plt.plot(x, y, label='$H_2O$') | subscript text 'H20' with '2' as subscripted in matplotlib labels for arrays 'x' and 'y'. |
[x for x in mylist if len(x) == 3] | loop over a list `mylist` if sublists length equals 3 |
lst = [Object() for _ in range(100)] | initialize a list `lst` of 100 objects Object() |
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