pubid int64 113k 29.1M | question stringlengths 10 664 | context stringlengths 14 5.66k | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.03k |
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12,698,129 | Do trunk muscle recruitment patterns in patients with low back pain enhance the stability of the lumbar spine? | A comparative study of trunk muscle recruitment patterns in healthy control subjects and patients with chronic low back pain was conducted. To assess trunk muscle recruitment in patients with low back pain. Conflicting evidence has been reported on the level and pattern of trunk muscle recruitment in patients with low ... | Trunk muscle recruitment patterns in patients with low back pain are different from those in healthy control subjects. The differences are likely to be functional with respect to enhancement of spinal stability in the patients. |
23,657,563 | Does glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide inhibit endothelin-1 in endothelial cell by repressing nuclear factor-kappa B activation? | The increase in endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) both induce vasoconstriction and lead to molecular changes associated with diabetes mellitus and atherosclerosis. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) activation stimulates insulin secretion and may prevent atherosclerosis by in... | Our observations suggest liraglutide suppresses ET-1 expression by inhibiting the phosphorylation of NF-κB. This mechanism may underlie the potential anti-atherosclerotic effects of GLP-1 agonists. Of note, these effects of liraglutide were seen in an in vitro setting wherein cellular glucose concentrations were elevat... |
11,825,340 | Does right and left prefrontal transcranial magnetic stimulation at 1 Hz affect mood in healthy volunteers? | Prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used to induce side-specific mood changes in volunteers and patients. To clarify inconsistencies between reports that used different stimulation frequencies, we conducted a controlled study with a low (1 Hz) frequency, comparing left with right-sid... | Apart from the unexpected and so far unreplicated effect on mean arterial pressure, there were no side-specific effects on mood in volunteers. It is unlikely that a simple laterality model of mood together with the assumed activating effect of higher and 'quenching' effect of lower stimulation frequency can account for... |
15,702,448 | Does [ Treatment result following breast-conserving therapy in primary breast cancer ]? | To evaluate mono-institutional results concerning tumor free survival, overall survival, local tumor control and rate of distant metastasis following breast-conserving therapy. Retrospectively, 274 breast cancer patients who were treated between 1990-1997 in our institution were analysed. The whole breast was homogeneo... | Our institutional results show that tumor free survival, overall survival, local tumor control and distant failure rate achieved by breast conserving therapy are within the range of literature data. |
19,372,492 | 18F-FDG avidity of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas: a new molecular imaging signature? | Our objective was to evaluate (18)F-FDG PET uptake in patients with nonmetastatic and metastatic chromaffin-derived tumors. Twenty-eight consecutive unrelated patients with chromaffin tumors, including 9 patients with genetically determined disease, were studied. A combination of preoperative imaging work-up, surgical ... | (18)F-FDG PET positivity is almost a constant feature of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas. It may be considered a molecular signature of such tumors, although which aspect of the plethora of molecular changes associated with dedifferentiation, germline genetic defects, or the adaptive response to hypoxia is respons... |
22,115,830 | Does smad4-mediated signaling inhibit intestinal neoplasia by inhibiting expression of β-catenin? | Mutational inactivation of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) is an early event in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression that affects the stability and increases the activity of β-catenin, a mediator of Wnt signaling. Progression of CRC also involves inactivation of signaling via transforming growth factor β and bone morph... | Transcription of β-catenin is inhibited by BMP signaling to Smad4. These findings provide important information about the interaction among transforming growth factor β, BMP, and Wnt signaling pathways in progression of CRC. |
19,486,115 | Is the presence of mitral annular calcification associated with poor left atrial function? | Mitral annular calcification (MAC) is characterized by calcium and lipid deposition in the annular fibrosa of the mitral valve. MAC is associated with cardiovascular events but little is known of its association with left atrial (LA) function. We prospectively obtained 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) and transthoraci... | MAC is associated with increase in LA linear dimension on TTE and may be equally represented with lower overall LA function. Further study in a much larger cohort is warranted to delineate these and other potential associations of MAC. |
27,658,250 | Does a Total Pleural Covering for Lymphangioleiomyomatosis prevent Pneumothorax Recurrence? | Spontaneous pneumothorax is a major and frequently recurrent complication of lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM). Despite the customary use of pleurodesis to manage pnenumothorax, the recurrence rate remains high, and accompanying pleural adhesions cause serious bleeding during subsequent lung transplantation. Therefore, we... | TPC successfully prevented the recurrence of pneumothorax in LAM, was minimally invasive and rarely caused restrictive ventilatory impairment. |
19,031,374 | Is proteinuria unrelated to the extent of acute acetaminophen overdose : a prospective clinical study? | Acute renal failure is a recognized complication of acute acetaminophen overdose. Its detection depends on rising creatinine concentrations, which is an insensitive method. The present study examined whether proteinuria might correspond with the extent of acute acetaminophen exposure as a possible early marker of renal... | No relationship was found between the extent of acute acetaminophen exposure and proteinuria. Further work is required to examine whether urinary protein excretion is altered in patients who subsequently develop acute renal failure following acetaminophen overdose. |
17,672,862 | Is a disease management programme for patients with diabetes mellitus associated with improved quality of care within existing budgets? | To assess the impact of a disease management programme for patients with diabetes mellitus (Type 1 and Type 2) on cost-effectiveness, quality of life and patient self-management. By organizing care in accordance with the principles of disease management, it is aimed to increase quality of care within existing budgets. ... | Introduction of a disease management programme for patients with diabetes is associated with improved intermediate outcomes within existing budgets. Further research should focus on long-term cost-effectiveness, including diabetic complications and mortality, in a controlled setting or by using decision-analytic modell... |
24,044,741 | Do surface glycosaminoglycans mediate adherence between HeLa cells and Lactobacillus salivarius Lv72? | The adhesion of lactobacilli to the vaginal surface is of paramount importance to develop their probiotic functions. For this reason, the role of HeLa cell surface proteoglycans in the attachment of Lactobacillus salivarius Lv72, a mutualistic strain of vaginal origin, was investigated. Incubation of cultures with a va... | These data suggest that glycosaminoglycans play a fundamental role in attachment of mutualistic bacteria to the epithelium that lines the cavities where the normal microbiota thrives, OppA being a bacterial adhesin involved in the process. |
21,427,735 | Are the glycemic and insulinemic index values of carbohydrate foods similar in healthy control, hyperinsulinemic and type 2 diabetic patients? | a criticism of glycemic index (GI) is that it does not indicate the insulin response of foods (insulinemic index, II). However, it is unknown if the GI and II values of foods are equivalent in all subjects, a necessary criterion for clinical utility. We compared GI and II values in non-diabetic subjects with fasting-se... | The GI is a valid property of foods because its value is similar in healthy control, hyper [I] and T2DM subjects, and is independent of subjects' metabolic status. However, II may depend upon the glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity and HIE of the subjects. |
26,309,565 | Does miR-206 inhibit non small cell lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion by targeting SOX9? | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small non-coding RNAs that have been suggested to play an essential role in tumorigenesis. miR-206 functions as a tumor suppressor in several cancers. However, its role in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Expression levels of miR-206 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines w... | Our study suggested that miR-206 acts as tumor suppressor in NSCLC partially via targeting SOX9. |
23,996,745 | Does voluntary exercise promote proliferation and differentiation of adult rat hypothalamus progenitor cells? | To investigate the effect of voluntary exercise on the proliferation and differentiation of hypothalamus progenitor cells in adult rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into voluntary exercise (EX) and sedentary (SE) groups, both of which were further divided into 6 subgroups for observation on days 6, 13, 23, 33, 43 and... | Long-term voluntary exercise can promote the proliferation of neuronal progenitor cells in the hypothalamus and their differentiation into neurons. |
20,500,109 | Human menopausal gonadotropin versus highly purified-hMG in controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for in-vitro fertilisation: does purity improve outcome? | To examine and compare the effect of the two commercially available menotropins (highly purified-human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG) and the traditional human menopausal gonadotropin (hMG)) on ovarian stimulation characteristics and in-vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycle outcome. We studied 36 patients undergoing at lea... | Patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF that includes HP-hMG preparations produce significantly higher implantation and pregnancy rates, as compared to the traditional hMG. |
25,176,594 | Surgeon bias in sentinel lymph node dissection: Do tumor characteristics influence decision making? | Determining sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer staging involves subjective interpretation by the surgeon. We hypothesized patient and tumor characteristics influence number of SLNs harvested. A single-institution, prospectively collected database was queried for breast cancer patients undergoing SLN surgery (... | Number of SLNs removed varies based on risk factors for SLN metastasis or false-negative SLN biopsy. |
23,671,447 | Does ginkgo suppress atherosclerosis through downregulating the expression of connexin 43 in rabbits? | Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) EGb761 is widely used for cardiovascular prevention. Here, we investigated the effects of GBE on atherosclerotic lesion development in rabbits with a high-fat diet. Forty New Zealand white male rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. The first two were the normal diet group (C) and t... | Thus, our study revealed that GBE prevented atherosclerosis progress through modulating plasma lipid, suppressing atherosclerotic lesion development, and attenuating the expression of Cx43 protein. |
20,584,801 | Is transport of premature infants associated with increased risk for intraventricular haemorrhage? | Intraventricular haemorrhages (IVH) greatly impact the outcome of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. This study examines the correlation between inter-hospital transport and the incidence and severity of IVH in VLBW infants in a large cohort of data. The US National Inpatient Sample Database (NIS) and its KID subpor... | Inter-hospital transport of VLBW Infants is correlated with increased incidence and severity of IVH. This correlation has remained constant over the recent years. |
24,878,149 | Does propofol prevent lung injury after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion by inhibiting the interaction between mast cell activation and oxidative stress? | Both mast cells and oxidative stress are involved in acute lung injury (ALI) induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IIR). The aim of this study was to investigate whether propofol could improve IIR-induced ALI through inhibiting their interaction. Repetitive, brief IIR or IIR+compound 48/80 was performed in adult ... | Propofol protects against IIR-mediated ALI, most likely by inhibiting the interaction between oxidative stress and mast cell degranulation. |
23,050,556 | Is relationship between sun-protection factor and application thickness in high-performance sunscreen : double application of sunscreen recommended? | High-performance sunscreen protects both healthy consumers and photosensitive patients from strong ultraviolet (UV) exposure. The sun-protection factor (SPF), which indicates the efficacy of UV protection, is determined using a prescribed sunscreen application thickness of 2.0 mg/cm(2). Therefore, users should apply at... | Encouraging a double application of sunscreen will help users apply products at a thickness sufficient to achieve expected SPF efficacy. We recommend that guidance on double application of sunscreen should be posted in public locations where sunscreen is likely to be in use. |
22,773,699 | Does antenatal diagnosis of fetal genotype determine if maternal hyperglycemia due to a glucokinase mutation requires treatment? | In women with hyperglycemia due to heterozygous glucokinase (GCK) mutations, the fetal genotype determines its growth. If the fetus inherits the mutation, birth weight is normal when maternal hyperglycemia is not treated, whereas intensive treatment may adversely reduce fetal growth. However, fetal genotype is not usua... | In pregnancies where the mother has hyperglycemia due to a GCK mutation, knowing the fetal GCK genotype guides the management of maternal hyperglycemia. Fetal genotyping should be performed when fetal DNA is available from invasive prenatal diagnostic testing. |
27,488,490 | Does anti-Xa-guided enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis reduce rate of deep venous thromboembolism in high-risk trauma patients? | Appropriate prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains undefined. This study evaluated an anti-Xa-guided enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis (TPX) protocol on the incidence of VTE in high-risk trauma patients based on Greenfield's Risk Assessment Profile (RAP) score. This is a retrospective observational study ... | Mean chest Abbreviated Injury Scale score was higher in patients developing pulmonary embolism. Increased weight, body mass index, ISS, and RAP score are associated with subprophylactic anti-Xa levels. Anti-Xa-guided enoxaparin dosing reduced the rate of DVT from 20.5% to 7.1% in high-risk trauma patients. |
17,230,011 | Does orchidectomy increase beta-adrenoceptor activation-mediated neuronal nitric oxide and noradrenaline release in rat mesenteric artery? | A previous study has demonstrated that endogenous male sex hormones do not alter neuronal nitric oxide (NO) release in rat mesenteric artery. However, the regulatory role of endogenous male sex hormones on noradrenaline (NA) release in rat mesenteric artery is not known. The present study was designed to analyze whethe... | These results show that orchidectomy does not alter the EFS-induced NA release. What is more, activation of presynaptic beta-adrenoceptors does not modify EFS-induced NA and neuronal NO release in arteries from control rats although it increases the release of both neurotransmitters in arteries from orchidectomized rat... |
22,773,569 | Do tumor-educated macrophages promote tumor growth and peritoneal metastasis in an orthotopic nude mouse model of human pancreatic cancer? | Macrophages promote tumor growth by stimulating tumor-associated angiogenesis, cancer-cell invasion, migration, intravasation, and suppression of antitumor immune responses. Ten transgenic nude mice, ubiquitously expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP), were injected subcutaneously with the human pancreatic cancer c... | These results suggest that macrophages influence tumors, and tumors influence macrophages, and tumor-educated promote tumor progression. Tumor-educated macrophages may be a target for therapy of metastatic cancer. |
23,555,919 | Is pseudomonas aeruginosa cytotoxicity attenuated at high cell density and associated with the accumulation of phenylacetic acid? | P. aeruginosa is known to cause acute cytotoxicity against various human and animal cells and tissues. Intriguingly, however, in this study we noticed that while a low cell density inoculum of P. aeruginosa caused severe cytotoxicity against human lung tissue cell line A549, increasing the cell density of bacterial ino... | Identification of bacterial metabolite PAA as a T3SS-specific inhibitor explains this intriguing inverse cell-density-dependent-cytotoxicity phenomenon as T3SS is known to be a key virulence factor associated with cytotoxicity and acute infection. The findings may provide useful clues for design and development of new ... |
17,643,635 | Does external application of rapamycin-eluting film at anastomotic sites inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in a canine model? | Stenosis at a vascular anastomotic site has been a significant clinical issue. We tested the hypothesis that rapamycin-eluting biodegradable poly L-lactic acid and epsilon-caprolactone copolymer (PLA-CL) film applied externally can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in a canine vascular anastomosis model. Femoral artery gr... | Rapamycin-eluting biodegradable PLA-CL film applied externally can inhibit neointimal hyperplasia of arterial and vein grafts in a canine model. The inhibitory effect of rapamycin-eluting film against neointimal growth is more pronounced in the arterial graft than the vein graft. |
25,153,209 | Is there a stepwise increase in neonatal morbidities according to histological stage (or grade) of acute chorioamnionitis and funisitis? | To test if there is a stepwise difference in neonatal outcomes according to the stage (or grade) of histological inflammatory response in the chorioamniotic membranes and umbilical cords of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). This retrospective study included singleton pregnancies diagnosed as PPROM and del... | Higher incidences of neonatal morbidity according to increased stage (or grade) of either acute histological chorioamnionitis or funisitis were due to an earlier gestational age at delivery. |
8,759,097 | Are bradykinin and its metabolite , Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe , selective inhibitors of alpha-thrombin-induced platelet activation? | Plasma kininogens are selective inhibitors of alpha-thrombin activation of platelets and endothelial cells. In the present study, we localized the alpha-thrombin inhibitory sequence of kininogens and describe its mechanism of action. Bradykinin and an analogue, MKRPPGFSPFRSSRIG, inhibited alpha-thrombin-induced platele... | These results indicate that bradykinin and its metabolites are selective antithrombins by preventing alpha-thrombin cleavage of the cloned thrombin receptor between arginine-41 and serine-42. These newly recognized antithrombin peptides, which are termed thrombostatins, contribute to the cardioprotective nature of kini... |
16,422,962 | Does sildenafil enhance quality of nocturnal erections in healthy young men? | To assess the effect of sildenafil on nocturnal erectile function (EF) in young healthy volunteers with normal sexual function (SF) according to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire. Thirty-three young (mean age 21 +/- 0.3 years; range 18-25) healthy volunteers not taking any medications wh... | Sildenafil increases the quality and number of nocturnal erections as tested by the NPT-RigiScan in young healthy volunteers with normal EF. |
19,913,924 | Orthopedic palatal expansion in the treatment of bilateral congenital choanal atresia: an additional tool in the long term follow up of patients? | Rapid Palatal Expansion (RPE) is an orthodontic procedure commonly used to widen the maxilla. Aim of this study is the description of the effects produced by RPE in two patients affected by Bilateral Congenital Choanal Atresia (BCCA) operated in infancy and who were scheduled for a secondary endoscopical surgical corre... | The cooperation between ENT surgeon and orthodontist may allow for an reduction in the burden of treatment of children affected by BCCA. |
23,028,842 | Is loss of expression and function of SOCS3 an early event in HNSCC : altered subcellular localization as a possible mechanism involved in proliferation , migration and invasion? | Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is an inducible endogenous negative regulator of signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Epigenetic silencing of SOCS3 has been shown in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), which is associated with increased activation of STAT3. There is scarce... | Our data support a role for SOCS3 as a tumor suppressor gene in HNSCC with relevance on proliferation and invasion processes and suggests that abnormal subcellular localization impairs SOCS3 function in HNSCC cells. |
22,494,440 | Gastroesophageal reflux disease and tympanoplasty surgical outcome: is there a relationship? | To investigate the possible clinical relationship between gastroesophageal reflux disease and the type one tympanoplasty surgical outcomes of adults with chronic otitis media, by using a simple, cost-effective, reliable questionnaire and physical findings. Fifty-two of 147 patients undergoing type one tympanoplasty wer... | Gastroesophageal reflux disease may be a significant prognostic factor for tympanoplasty failure. Therefore, reflux investigation may be important during the treatment of chronic otitis media, and positive cases may need reflux treatment as well as ear disease treatment. |
12,814,412 | Does neoadjuvant antiangiogenic therapy with tamoxifen impair gastrointestinal anastomotic repair in the rat? | Antiangiogenic therapy has the potential to moderate tumour and micrometastatic growth. Its use in the perioperative period is attractive but its potential to compromise wound and anastomotic healing is a cause for concern. Tamoxifen is antiangiogenic but also favourably modifies some aspects of wound healing. We hypot... | Antiangiogenic therapy with tamoxifen has no demonstrable adverse effects on wound or anastomotic repair and its perioperative use is compatible with successful early surgical outcomes. |
9,823,811 | Are postoperative drains necessary with the Limberg flap for treatment of pilonidal sinus? | Different methods for managing pilonidal sinus have been described in the literature. Our purpose was to evaluate the influence of postoperative drainage in Limberg flaps. Forty patients with pilonidal sinus undergoing radical excision and reconstruction with Limberg flap between 1994 and 1996 were evaluated prospectiv... | We conclude that Limberg flaps with no drains in place will result in shorter hospital stays without deleteriously affecting the surgical results of wide excision and primary closure with well-vascularized tissue. |
20,145,620 | Does bmi-1 expression predict prognosis in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue? | The prognosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue is poor and it would be beneficial to find prognostic markers to better adjust treatment. Bmi-1 controls cell cycle and self-renewal of tissue stem cells, transcription factor c-myc affects cell proliferation and apoptosis, and Snail regulates epithelial-mesen... | Negative Bmi-1 immunoexpression might serve as a marker of poor prognosis in oral tongue carcinoma patients. |
15,880,317 | Is the monocyte chemotactic protein-1 -2518 G allele a risk factor for severe acute pancreatitis? | Acute pancreatitis (AP) reflects the intensity of the inflammatory response and is divided into mild AP (MAP) or severe AP (SAP). Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) gene expression is altered by an A/G polymorphism (-2518), with the G allele increasing MCP-1 production. Our aim was to determine whether the MCP-1 -2... | MCP-1 -2518 G allele is a risk factor for severe AP. MCP-1 serum levels, measured early in the course of AP, appear to be an accurate predictor of severity of acute pancreatitis and death. |
19,185,172 | Does cell-based gene therapy modify matrix remodeling after a myocardial infarction in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3-deficient mice? | Cell-based gene therapy can enhance the effects of cell transplantation by temporally and spatially regulating the release of the gene product. The purpose of this study was to evaluate transient matrix metalloproteinase inhibition by implanting cells genetically modified to overexpress a natural tissue inhibitor of ma... | Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3 overexpression enhanced the effects of bone marrow stromal cells transplanted early after a myocardial infarction in tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-3-deficient mice by contributing regulated matrix metalloproteinase inhibition to preserve matrix collagen and ... |
16,768,185 | Does anterior elevation map as the screening test for the ablation power of previous myopic refractive surgery? | We classified the Orbscan anterior elevation maps in normal eyes (under myopic, emmetropic and hyperopic conditions) and in those after myopic refractive surgery. We did this classification to demonstrate how Orbscan anterior elevation maps are useful in screening for the existence and extent of previous myopic refract... | This study demonstrates that it is possible to use Orbscan anterior elevation maps to screen for the extent of previous refractory surgery used in the correction of myopia. This study may also be useful in understanding the shapes of Orbscan anterior elevation maps before and after myopic refractive surgery as well as ... |
27,489,723 | Does dietary beet pulp decrease taurine status in dogs fed low protein diet? | It is known that large dogs who are fed lamb and rice diets are at increased risk to develop taurine-deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Since dogs obligatorily conjugate bile acids (BA) with taurine, we determined whether rice bran (RB) or other fibers (cellulose; CL, beet pulp; BP) would affect BA excretion an... | These results do not support the hypothesis that RB is likely to be a primary cause of lamb meal and rice diets, increasing the risk of taurine deficiency in large dogs. However these indicate that BP may contribute to a decrease taurine status in dogs by increasing excretion of fecal BA and decreasing protein digestib... |
24,994,498 | Does osteopontin induce soluble urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor production and release? | Osteopontin (OPN) and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) have been proposed as markers of disease severity and risk-stratification in infection and inflammation. In breast cancer, OPN and the membrane bound form of urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) are functionally related, as OPN-in... | These data suggest that OPN is partly responsible for the increased plasma levels of suPAR and might be a valuable tool to predict the occurrence of septic shock. |
20,098,711 | Is infection with Helicobacter pylori associated with protection against tuberculosis? | Helicobacter pylori, a lifelong and typically asymptomatic infection of the stomach, profoundly alters gastric immune responses, and may benefit the host in protection against other pathogens. We explored the hypothesis that H. pylori contributes to the control of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. We first exa... | H. pylori infection may induce bystander effects that modify the risk of active TB in humans and non-human primates. That immunity to TB may be enhanced by exposure to other microbial agents may have important implications for vaccine development and disease control. |
19,404,052 | Lymph node harvest after proctectomy for invasive rectal adenocarcinoma following neoadjuvant therapy: does the same standard apply? | Recent reports indicate that neoadjuvant therapy significantly reduces the lymph node harvest of rectal cancer. The aim of this study was to interpret the lymph node harvest in this setting based on the primary tumor response. All patients undergoing proctectomy were included. Three variables were used as indicators of... | The current standard of lymph node harvest should be applied to patients with poorly responding primary tumors after neoadjuvant therapy. However, a new standard may be necessary to define the adequate number of lymph nodes for tumors that respond well to neoadjuvant therapy. |
15,855,176 | Does a video questionnaire identify upper airway abnormalities in preschool children with reported wheeze? | Accurate characterisation of subjects is essential to interpret data from studies investigating preschool wheezing. To assess whether a video questionnaire (VQ) identifies upper airway abnormalities in preschool children with reported wheeze. Forty three children (median age 17 months, range 3-58) undergoing fibreoptic... | A VQ helps to identify upper airway abnormalities in preschool children with a history of wheezing. |
9,393,185 | Carpal tunnel syndrome: are the MR findings a result of population selection bias? | Previous descriptions of MR imaging of carpal tunnel syndrome used limited study populations and volunteers as controls. We reevaluated these descriptions to determine their sensitivity and specificity when applied to a large consecutive clinical series in which the incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome was small. In 196... | Most previously described MR imaging signs of carpal tunnel syndrome are insensitive and nonspecific. Exceptions include retinacular bowing, median nerve flattening, and deep palmar bursitis, which in our study proved to have specificities greater than or equal to 94%. |
23,144,053 | Are high urinary ACE2 concentrations associated with severity of glucose intolerance and microalbuminuria? | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) plays an important role in glucose metabolism and renal function. However, the relationship between ACE2 and hyperglycemia or microalbuminuria has not been established in humans. We investigated whether urinary ACE2 levels are associated with abnormal glucose homeostasis and urina... | Our data suggest that the urinary ACE2 level is closely associated with T2DM and is an independent risk factor for microalbuminuria. |
17,502,760 | Does 16-slice multidetector computed tomography improve stent patency and in-stent restenosis evaluation? | We studied 88 patients (142 stents): 48 with 1.2-mm MDCT, 40 with 0.6-mm MDCT considering accuracy in assessing the vessel lumen, stent patency and intra-stent restenosis. Coronary angiography comprised the gold standard. Occlusion was detected, respectively, in three of 72 versus four of 70 cases. Patency was assessed... | 0.6-mm MDCT allows a better visualization of stent lumen and in-stent restenosis versus 1.2-mm MDCT. |
22,623,546 | Pulmonary embolism diagnosis and mortality with pulmonary CT angiography versus ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy: evidence of overdiagnosis with CT? | The purposes of this study were to determine whether pulmonary emboli diagnosed with pulmonary CT angiography (CTA) represent a milder disease spectrum than those diagnosed with ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy, to determine the trends in incidence and mortality among patients with the diagnosis of pulmonary em... | The results of this study are evidence that the shift in imaging from V/Q scintigraphy to pulmonary CTA resulted in increased diagnosis of a less fatal spectrum of pulmonary embolic disease, raising the possibility of overdiagnosis. Outcome-based clinical trials with long-term follow-up would be helpful to further guid... |
12,912,854 | Does interleukin 1beta induce gastric epithelial cell matrix metalloproteinase secretion and activation during Helicobacter pylori infection? | and aims: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases with roles in extracellular matrix remodelling, cell proliferation, and inflammatory processes. We showed previously that Helicobacter pylori infection of human gastric adenocarcinoma (AGS) cells increased epithelial secretion of epithelial MMP-1 and MMP-3 a... | We conclude that IL-1beta induces gastric epithelial cell MMP-3 secretion, contributing to epithelial tissue destruction during H pylori infection. However, other bacterial/host factors are needed to mediate the full gastric epithelial cell MMP-3 secretory response induced by H pylori infection. |
19,160,797 | Does [ Morroniside inhibit H2O2-induced apoptosis in cultured nerve cells ]? | To investigate the effects of morroniside on H2O2-induced apoptosis in nerve cells. Human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y cells were pre-incubaed with morroniside (1, 10, and 100 micromol x L(-1)) for 24 h prior to exposure to H2O2 (500 micromol x L(-1)) for 18 h. The activity of reactive SOD was measured by a biochemi... | Morroniside has neuroprotection effect against H2O2-induced oxidation injury in nerve cell. |
15,699,276 | Is ozone air pollution associated with acute myocardial infarction? | Despite the diversity of the studied health outcomes, types and levels of pollution, and various environmental settings, there is substantial evidence for a positive link between urban air pollution and cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to test the associations between air pollutants and the occu... | Observational data confirm that short-term O3 exposure within a period of 1 to 2 days is related to acute coronary events in middle-aged adults without heart disease, whereas NO2 and SO2 are not. |
18,693,208 | Does use of controller medications in patients initiated on a long-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist before and after safety alert? | The utilization of controller medications before initiating a long-acting beta(2)-adrenergic agonist (LABA) before and after the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) alerts is examined. Electronic claims from a health insurer in the Western United States were examined during two distinct identification periods: before FD... | Previous use of a controller medication before initiation of an LABA was observed in 40% of study patients with a diagnosis of asthma, 37% with COPD, 65% with COPD and asthma, and 21% of patients with no diagnosis of asthma or COPD. Use of a controller medication decreased significantly in patients with asthma or no di... |
23,812,022 | Does rocuronium-sugammadex reduce myalgia and headache after electroconvulsive therapy in patients with major depression? | We aimed to compare the effects of succinylcholine and rocuronium-sugammadex on development of myalgia and headache after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Forty-five patients undergoing ECT were enrolled in the study. Anesthesia induction was provided with propofol 1 mg/kg intravenously (IV) + succinylcholine 1 mg/kg I... | We concluded that the rates of myalgia and headache after ECT were significantly lower in group R than in group S, and also the awakening time (spontaneous respiration and opening the eyes in response to verbal stimuli) was significantly shorter in group R compared with group S. |
12,658,113 | Does ethyl glucuronide disclose recent covert alcohol use not detected by standard testing in forensic psychiatric inpatients? | Considerable lives and money could be saved if one could detect early stages of lapsing/relapsing behavior in addicted persons (e.g., in safety-sensitive workplaces) and could disclose harmful drinking in social drinkers. Due to the serious public health problem of alcohol use and abuse worldwide, markers of alcohol us... | The findings emphasize the diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness, specificity, and sensitivity of EtG as a marker of recent alcohol use. Such a test is needed in numerous settings, including alcohol and drug treatment (to detect lapse/relapse), in safety-sensitive work settings where use is dangerous or in other settin... |
25,425,086 | Do negative symptoms of schizophrenia change over time? | Negative symptoms are a core component of schizophrenia which can severely impact quality of life and functional outcomes. These symptoms are understood to be highly stable but this has not been tested in a meta-analysis, despite the wealth of longitudinal data available. A systematic review of the literature was condu... | Negative symptoms were found to reduce in almost all schizophrenia outpatient samples. A reduction was found across all conditions, with effect sizes ranging from small to large depending upon the condition type. These findings challenge the convention that negative symptoms are highly stable and suggest that they may ... |
20,670,424 | Does early administration of norepinephrine increase cardiac preload and cardiac output in septic patients with life-threatening hypotension? | We sought to examine the cardiac consequences of early administration of norepinephrine in severely hypotensive sepsis patients hospitalized in a medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. We included 105 septic-shock patients who already had received volume resuscitation. All received norepinephrine early b... | Early administration of norepinephrine aimed at rapidly achieving a sufficient perfusion pressure in severely hypotensive septic-shock patients is able to increase cardiac output through an increase in cardiac preload and cardiac contractility. This effect remained in patients with poor cardiac contractility except whe... |
20,363,547 | Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A receptor in oral squamous cell carcinoma: is there an association with perineural invasion? | Perineural invasion (PNI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is recognized as a significant predictor of outcome. PNI is associated with locoregional recurrence and decreased survival of patients with head and neck SCC. Nerve growth factor (NGF) has been shown to be involved in PNI in several malignancies, including... | This study shows that oral SCC with evidence of PNI shows increased expression of NGF and TrkA and suggests that NGF and TrkA are involved with the mechanism leading to PNI. Further investigations are warranted to determine the potential for use of NGF and TrkA as candidate biomarkers to predict progression and outcome... |
12,711,655 | Is low educational performance associated with drunk driving : a 31-year follow-up of the northern Finland 1966 birth cohort? | We studied the relationship between drunk driving offences, school performance and adult educational achievements. Data from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort were linked with official criminality files and National Education registers. The cohort members were studied prospectively covering the period from pregnan... | These results are unlikely to be directly causal; however, educational failures seem to be part of the complex causal pathway to drunk driving and even to alcohol-related disorders. |
17,268,409 | Resting energy expenditure in females with cystic fibrosis: is it affected by puberty? | The aims of this study were to determine the effect of puberty and the menstrual cycle on resting energy expenditure (REE) in females with cystic fibrosis (CF). Cross-sectional study. All participants had measurements of REE, anthropometry and pubertal staging. The measurements in the postmenarche group were carried ou... | Females with CF had raised REE that appeared to be independent of menarche. This study implies all females with CF and pancreatic insufficiency may need more intensive dietary management, owing to raised REE, to maintain growth and nutritional status, and possibly improve survival. |
21,307,743 | Posttraumatic contrast-induced acute kidney injury: minimal consequences or significant threat? | Recent enthusiasm for the use of iodinated contrast media and progressive adaption of modern imaging techniques suggests an increased risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) in trauma patients. We hypothesized that CIAKI incidence would be higher than that previously reported. A 1-year retrospective review... | Current trauma management places patients at substantial risk for CIAKI, and risk stratification can be assessed by common clinical criteria. IV contrast dose alone is not an independent associated risk factor. How these data would be extrapolated to an older cohort remains to be determined. |
16,916,502 | Does high-sensitivity C-reactive protein add prognostic value to the TIMI-Risk Score in individuals with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes? | C-reactive protein (CRP) measured at hospital arrival of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS) may add prognostic information to the TIMI-Risk Score. Eighty-six consecutive patients admitted with unstable angina or non-ST-elevation acute myocardial infarction and symptoms onset within the prior ... | CRP measured at admission of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes adds prognostic information to the TIMI-Risk Score. Additionally, the incorporation of this variable into the TIMI-Risk Score calculation is an effective manner to utilize CRP for risk stratification. |
19,153,327 | Do significant variations in mortality occur at similarly designated trauma centers? | Mortality rates vary across designated trauma centers (TC), even after controlling for injury severity. Retrospective analysis of state trauma registry data. Designated Level 1 and 2 TCs in 2003 in a large Southwestern state. Adult trauma patients (n = 18,584) treated at 15 designated Level 1 and 2 TCs. Risk-adjusted s... | Considerable variations in risk-adjusted mortality rates exist across similarly designated TCs. Such variability in outcomes may reflect variations in quality of care, and reasons for this discrepancy should be explored as the next step in the trauma care quality improvement process. |
21,183,849 | Increased short- and long-term mortality at low-volume pediatric heart transplant centers: should minimum standards be set? | The relationship between volume and outcome in many complex surgical procedures is well established. No published data has examined this relationship in pediatric cardiac transplantation, but low-volume adult heart transplant programs seem to have higher early mortality. The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) prov... | The volume of transplants performed at any one center has a significant impact on outcomes. Regionalization of care is one option for improving outcomes in pediatric cardiac transplantation. |
10,616,996 | Are older patients with mechanical heart valves at increased risk? | Controversy exists regarding the use of mechanical valves in older patients. Many authorities believe that the use of anticoagulants in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of warfarin-related complications. Therefore, we compared the results with mechanical valves in older patients to a cohort of younger p... | Mechanical valves perform well in selected older patients with no increased risk of bleeding or thromboembolism. |
19,197,571 | Is there equity in long-term healthcare utilization after traumatic brain injury? | To quantify the long-term use of various types of healthcare services in patients with traumatic brain injury and to estimate the relative contribution of predisposing characteristics, enabling factors and health-related needs to determine whether there is equity in healthcare utilization. Cross-sectional study. Sevent... | The results suggest that most of our patients who needed care, received care. However, inequity could not be ruled out completely as predisposing characteristics also contributed to some types of healthcare utilization. |
19,498,176 | Do monocytes and neutrophils exhibit both distinct and common mechanisms in penetrating the vascular basement membrane in vivo? | Leukocyte migration through venular walls is a fundamental event during inflammation, but many aspects of this response, including the mechanisms associated with leukocyte migration through the vascular basement membrane (BM) in vivo, are poorly understood. Here we investigated and compared the means by which neutrophi... | The findings provide novel insights into mechanisms of leukocyte transmigration by presenting the first in vivo evidence for distinct modes used by neutrophils and monocytes in penetrating the vascular BM. |
10,671,872 | Is bowel preparation useful before radiography of the renal tract in patients with spinal cord injury? | To assess, in a blinded study, the usefulness of bowel preparation in improving the quality of radiography of the renal tract in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Plain abdominal radiographs of 56 patients with SCI were selected; 24 of the patients had received bowel preparation and 32 had not. The films were ind... | These findings suggest that bowel preparation does not increase the diagnostic value of radiographs of the renal tract in patients with SCI. |
18,395,550 | Is a polymorphism controlling ORMDL3 expression associated with asthma that is poorly controlled by current medications? | The specific genetic contributions to childhood asthma have been difficult to elucidate. A recent whole-genome association study suggested that single nucleotide polymorphisms at loci controlling the expression of the ORMDL3 gene and others in the neighborhood of the NRG1 and ERO1LB genes might be important. We sought ... | A common genetic variation at a locus controlling the expression of the ORMDL3 locus increases the susceptibility to asthma and is associated with poor control of the condition in children and young adults. |
18,082,045 | Does [ 5-azacytidine enhance anti-tumor efficacy of doxorubicin to neuroblastoma cell lines ]? | The loss of caspase-8 expression correlates with unfavorable survival outcomes in neuroblastoma (NB). Caspase-8 gene inactivation is caused by methylation. This study aimed to explore the effect of the demethylation agent 5-azacytidine on caspase-8 expression and whether 5-azacytidine can increase the sensitivity of ch... | 5-azacytidine may enhance anti-tumor efficacy of doxorubicin to NB cell lines, possibly through an up-regulation of caspase-8 mRNA expression. |
19,894,524 | Do [ Ephedrine and naloxone promote nerve remodeling after cerebral ischemia ]? | To investigate the effects of ephedrine combined with various doses of naloxone on neural plasticity in rats after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury to explore the possibility of synergistic effect about ephedrine combined with naloxone, promoting the optimum ratio of neural remodeling and its molecular mechanism. A... | The ephedrine and ephedrine + naloxone groups were accelerated motor function recovery rate in rat after cerebral ischemia, and the promotion of neural remodeling is closely related to the expression of BDNF, inhibit apoptosis in ischemic area, and with the increase of naloxone amount of additives, its role more clearl... |
27,809,636 | Does apoptosis-inducing factor ( AIF ) nuclear translocation mediated caspase-independent mechanism involve in X-ray-induced MCF-7 cell death? | Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and radiotherapy is a conventional therapy following surgery. Previous studies have demonstrated that except the caspase-dependent pathway, caspase-independent pathway is also involved in the cell death responding to irradiation, despite the unclear mechanism. The pur... | The present study revealed that AIF nuclear translocation proceeded in X-ray-induced MCF-7 cell death in a caspase-independent manner. |
25,310,512 | Does vascular endothelial growth factor accelerate establishment of a model of hepatic metastasis in Walker-256 tumor-bearing rats? | Animal models of secondary liver cancer are limited by the time required for the development of hepatic metastases. The authors administered vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to stimulate tumor growth in a model of hepatic metastasis. A 0.5 to 1.0 mm³ Walker-256 carcinosarcoma tumor tissue was implanted into th... | Daily VEGF injection (20 mg/L, 1 week) accelerates tumorigenesis without compromising survival, potentially extending the period in which experiments can be conducted in this model. |
18,540,282 | Do male and female adolescents view their dissatisfaction with body parts in the same way? | (1) To learn how female and male adolescents view their dissatisfaction toward body parts, and (2) learn how gender-related dissatisfaction toward body parts in Thai adolescents differs from those studied in Western countries. The researcher recruited 400 Thai male and female adolescents in Bangkok, attending high scho... | How females and males view their bodies differently can be linked to greater incidence of dieting and eating disorders in females than in males. |
18,665,907 | Does exposure to hexachlorobenzene during pregnancy increase the risk of overweight in children aged 6 years? | To determine whether prenatal exposure to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) has potential adverse effects on child's weight and body mass index (BMI) in a general population with no local pollution sources. Starting from mid 1997, all mothers presenting for antenatal exposure in Menorca were recruited. Subsequently, 482 children... | Prenatal exposure to HCB is associated with an increase in BMI and weight at age 6.5 years. Further studies with larger samples and longer follow-up are needed to confirm these results. |
24,463,858 | Does combination therapy of 15-epi-lipoxin A4 with antibiotics protect mice from Escherichia coli-induced sepsis*? | Inflammation occurs along with infection during sepsis. 15-Epi-lipoxin A4 has protective and resolving effects in experimental models of infection. In this study, we examined the effects of 15-epi-lipoxin A4 combined with antibiotics on Escherichia coli-induced peritonitis. Prospective experimental study. University re... | 15-Epi-lipoxin A4 combined with antibiotics attenuated systemic inflammation, inhibited bacteria dissemination, and improved survival in E. coli-infected mice. The reduced production of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α by peritoneal macrophages suggested that 15-epi-lipoxin A4 blocked the initial proinflammato... |
12,917,021 | Does [ SUCI02 inhibit HER-2/neu receptor tyrosine kinase phosphorylation and growth of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells ]? | Overexpression of HER-2/neu receptor plays a key role in tumorigenesis,progression,prognosis and chemosensitivity of tumors. We found that SUCI02[N-(4-ethoyphenol)-2-hydroxy- acid amide] could inhibit HER2/neu phosphorylation through comprehensive screening. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of SUCI02 on ... | SUCI02 can inhibit tyrosine phosphorylation of HER-2/neu receptor,cell proliferation of HER-2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer cells preferentially and shut down downstream HER-2/neu signal transduction. |
25,095,747 | Is upper extremity access for fenestrated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair associated with increased morbidity? | Fenestrated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair (FEVAR) is an alternative to open repair in patients with complex abdominal aortic aneurysms who are neither fit nor suitable for standard open or endovascular repair. Chimney and snorkel grafts are other endovascular alternatives but frequently require bilateral upper ex... | Upper extremity access appears to be a safe and feasible approach for patients undergoing FEVAR. Open exposure in the upper extremity may be safer than percutaneous access during FEVAR. Unlike chimney and snorkel grafts, upper extremity access during FEVAR is not associated with an increased risk of stroke, despite the... |
22,571,185 | Does hyperbaric oxygenation improve locomotor ability by enhancing neuroplastic responses after cortical ablation in rats? | To investigate whether hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) can improve the recovery of motor functions in rats after suction ablation of the right sensorimotor cortex. The experimental paradigm implies the following groups: Control animals (C), Control + HBO (CHBO), Sham controls (S), Sham control + HBO (SHBO), Lesion group (... | Data presented suggest that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can intensify neuroplastic responses by promoting axonal sprouting and synapse remodelling, which contributes to the recovery of locomotor performances in rats. This provides the perspective for implementation of HBO in clinical strategies for treating traumatic bra... |
9,041,148 | Is high level of urokinase-type plasminogen activator a new prognostic marker in patients with gastric carcinoma? | Prognosis of gastric carcinoma is related to invasion and metastasis. Evidence has accumulated that invasion and metastasis in solid tumors require the action of tumor-associated proteases, which promote the dissolution of the surrounding tumor matrix and the basement membrane. The serine protease urokinase-type plasmi... | These data indicate that uPA is a new independent variable for the identification of high risk gastric carcinoma patients. Therefore, therapy targeting uPA can be applied as a new biologic treatment modality for these individuals. |
23,963,826 | Is a lower serum level of middle-molecular-weight adiponectin a risk factor for endometrial cancer? | The present study was undertaken to examine the correlation between serum levels of adiponectin isoforms and the risk for endometrial cancer. This retrospective case-control study included 43 Japanese women with endometrial cancer and 62 Japanese women with no history of cancer. Serum levels of total adiponectin and th... | Low serum level of middle molecular weight adiponectin was the only independent risk factor for endometrial cancer suggesting that the application of adiponectin might prevent or decrease the risk for endometrial cancer. |
26,728,666 | Does transradial arterial chemoembolization reduce complications and costs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma? | To improve patient comfort and reduce complications, clinical benefit of a transradial approach for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was evaluated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 284 patients with HCC for TACE was divided into transradial approach group (n = 126) and transfemo... | Transradial approach for TACE improves quality of life in patients with HCC by offering fewer complications and lower costs compared with transfemoral approach. |
19,508,540 | Is minimally invasive surgery safe and effective for urgent and emergent colectomy? | There are a limited number of studies describing the role of minimally invasive colectomy for urgent or emergent conditions of the large bowel. We hypothesize that laparoscopic colectomy in urgent and emergent setting can be performed safely in select settings. A cohort of patients treated at a single institution from ... | We conclude that minimally invasive colectomy by experienced surgeons appears to be safe and effective for appropriately selected patients with emergent and urgent conditions of the large bowel. |
16,237,752 | Does 1.5 Harmonic Imaging Sonography with microbubble contrast agent improve characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma? | To investigate the usefulness of 1.5 Harmonic Imaging Sonography with the use of the contrast agent Levovist for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and for the evaluation of therapeutic response. Phantom experiments were performed to compare the contrast effects of 2(nd) harmonic imaging and 1.5 Harmonic I... | 1.5 Harmonic Imaging Sonography permits the vascular structures of HCCs to be identified and blood flow within the tumor to be clearly demonstrated. Furthermore, 1.5 Harmonic Imaging Sonography is potentially useful for evaluating the therapeutic effects of transcatheter arterial embolization on HCC. |
12,755,437 | Are the material properties and matrix composition of equine flexor and extensor tendons determined by their functions? | Injury to the superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) is common in competition horses. The SDFT contributes to locomotory efficiency by storing energy; such tendons have low safety margins. Tendons which merely position the limb, including the opposing common digital extensor tendon (CDET), are rarely injured. The cur... | The SDFT has conflicting requirements for strength and elasticity; although as a whole it is a stiffer structure than the CDET, differences in the matrix molecular composition including water and total sulphated glycosaminoglycan contents allow it to remain more elastic as a material. |
15,520,314 | Do transcription enhancer factor-1-related factor-transgenic mice develop cardiac conduction defects associated with altered connexin phosphorylation? | Conduction system defects and slowed ventricular conduction are common in patients with systolic dysfunction and contribute to arrhythmias and sudden death. In animal models of heart failure, cardiac alpha1-adrenergic signaling is constitutively activated. Here, we report the effects of constitutive activation of alpha... | Constitutive activation of alpha1-adrenergic signaling through the RTEF-1 transcription factor results in chronic elevation of PP1beta expression and connexin dephosphorylation. This mechanism may underlie some defects in cardiac conduction. |
27,097,954 | Is total pulmonary vein diameter a strong predictor of atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery? | Recent studies have shown that the pulmonary veins are important in atrial fibrillation (AF). This study evaluated the relationship between total pulmonary vein diameter and postoperative AF in on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) patients. Our study enrolled 149 patients undergoing on-pump CABG. The primary end... | To our knowledge, this is the first report of an association between total pulmonary vein diameter and the development postoperative AF. The identification of high-risk patients using pulmonary vein diameters should facilitate preventive measures. |
11,902,254 | Do cardiomyocyte intracellular calcium and cardiac dysfunction after burn trauma? | To examine the effects of pharmacologic agents designed to limit burn-mediated calcium overload on cardiomyocyte [Ca2+] and cardiac contractile function. Experimental, comparative study. Cellular biology and physiology laboratory. Adult Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were given third-degree burn injury over 40% of the total... | Our data suggest that the calcium antagonists used in this study provide cardioprotection by modulating several aspects of the overall inflammatory cascade rather than solely limiting cardiomyocyte accumulation of calcium. |
12,853,527 | ECG-gated 99mTc single-photon emission CT for assessment of right ventricular structure and function: is the information provided similar to echocardiography? | (99m)Tc single-photon emission CT (SPECT) and ECG-gated SPECT can visualize well the right ventricle (RV) in most patients, but their utility for assessment of the RV has not been formally evaluated. We examined whether (99m)Tc SPECT/ECG-gated SPECT provide similar information to transthoracic two-dimensional Doppler e... | For normal interpretations regarding RV cavity size, wall thickness, and systolic function, there is good agreement between (99m)Tc stress SPECT/ECG-gated SPECT and 2D-ECHO. However, there is poor overall agreement between gated SPECT/ECG-gated SPECT and 2D-ECHO regarding the presence of RV dilation, hypertrophy, and s... |
19,669,169 | Does a social model of hospice day care affect advanced cancer patients' use of other health and social services? | Hospice day care (HDC) services have developed but no trials evaluate their impact on the other health and social care services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of HDC on the use of health and social services in a prospective quasi-experimental study. The trial compared consecutive patients receivi... | HDC appears to supplement existing services with little effect on the other community and hospital services. |
10,615,395 | Does transregulation of adenylyl-cyclase-coupled inhibitory receptors in heart failure enhance anti-adrenergic effects on adult rat cardiomyocytes? | In congestive heart failure (CHF), a desensitisation of stimulatory beta-receptors and of adenylyl cyclase in the heart is associated with an increase in inhibitory Gi proteins. To investigate whether the regulation of the Gi-mediated inhibitory side of the adenylyl cyclase system may be of functional importance in the... | In CHF, the inotropic responses to beta-receptor-stimulation and to direct stimulation of adenylyl cyclase, but not to Ca2+, are diminished due to desensitisation of the stimulatory side of the adenylyl cyclase signal transduction system. In parallel, the responses to inhibitory receptors are augmented, leading to a pr... |
22,268,168 | Nonsurgical management of high-risk lesions diagnosed at core needle biopsy: can malignancy be ruled out safely with breast MRI? | The purpose of this study was to investigate whether breast MRI can be used to rule out malignancy in patients with high-risk lesions diagnosed at imaging-guided core needle biopsy. The subjects were women consecutively registered between October 2004 and April 2010 who had high-risk lesions diagnosed at mammographical... | Patients with high-risk lesions associated with the lowest likelihood of malignancy (papilloma and radial scar) and without suspicious MRI findings can safely undergo follow-up instead of surgery. Because of the low negative predictive value, however, MRI is not helpful in cases of lobular neoplasia and atypical ductal... |
25,429,728 | Does maternal nutrition induce gene expression changes in fetal muscle and adipose tissues in sheep? | Maternal nutrition during different stages of pregnancy can induce significant changes in the structure, physiology, and metabolism of the offspring. These changes could have important implications on food animal production especially if these perturbations impact muscle and adipose tissue development. Here, we evaluat... | These findings provide evidence that maternal nutrition during pregnancy can alter the programming of fetal muscle and fat tissues in sheep. The ramifications of the observed gene expression changes, in terms of postnatal growth, body composition, and meat quality of the offspring, warrant future investigation. |
14,642,131 | Does lPS-induced NF-kappa B activation require Ca2+ as a mediator in isolated pancreatic acinar cells of rat? | To investigate the effect of Ca(2+) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NF-kappa B activation in pancreatic acinar cells and the role of NF-kappa B in LPS-induced acinar cell injury. Male rat pancreatic acinar cells were isolated by collagenase digestion, then exposed to varying concentrations of LPS (from 1 to 20 mg/L... | NF-kappa B activation is an important early event in LPS-induced injury to pancreatic acinar cells. Ca(2+) is an important mediator in the process of LPS-induced NF-kappa B activation. |
25,439,802 | Is clinically recognizable error rate after the transfer of comprehensive chromosomal screened euploid embryos low? | To determine the clinically recognizable error rate with the use of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-based comprehensive chromosomal screening (CCS). Retrospective study. Multiple fertility centers. All patients receiving euploid designated embryos. Trophectoderm biopsy for CCS. Evaluation of the pregnancy... | The clinically recognizable error rate with qPCR-based CCS is real but quite low. Although evaluated in only a limited number of specimens, mosaicism appears to play a prominent role in misdiagnoses. Mosaic errors present a genuine limit to the effectiveness of aneuploidy screening, because they are not attributable to... |
17,707,492 | Do electrophysiologic and clinical data support the use of dorsal root entry zone myelotomy in syringosubarachnoid shunting for syringomyelia? | The objectives of this study were to correlate preoperative changes in SEPs with clinical sensory dysfunction and to establish their importance in planning the microsurgical approach, either by DM myelotomy or by DREZ myelotomy, for patients with syringomyelia. In addition to conducting clinical sensory examination, we... | Absence of pain or temperature sensation in patients with syringomyelia is usually accompanied by same-sided loss of the N13 potential, suggesting damage to the DH gray matter. Deep sensibility is typically normal, and DREZ myelotomy with preservation of DCs is proposed as the treatment of choice. Conducted potentials ... |
20,868,452 | Are panoramic images reliable in planning sinus augmentation procedures? | The inherent deformation and two-dimensional nature of panoramic radiographs jeopardise their interpretation and quantitative measurements. This study aims to estimate the degree of underestimation of available mesio-distal bone in the premolar area (comparing panoramic radiographs with multi-slice/cone-beam computer t... | Based on the present data, cone-beam CT imaging can be recommended for visualising anatomical structures during planning of sinus augmentation procedures. |
11,176,121 | Liver resection without total vascular exclusion: hazardous or beneficial? | To evaluate retrospectively the safety and radicality of liver resection performed without total vascular exclusion (TVE). TVE is recommended for safe liver surgery, at least in the case of resection of the paracaval portion of the liver. However, it has some drawbacks because of its invasiveness. The authors retrospec... | These results show that liver surgery performed without TVE is safe and effective even in aggressive procedures for liver tumors involving the cavohepatic junction. Therefore, TVE should be further restricted to exceptional patients. |
20,034,406 | Are chemokine CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 increased in the hippocampus following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus? | Neuroinflammation occurs after seizures and is implicated in epileptogenesis. CCR2 is a chemokine receptor for CCL2 and their interaction mediates monocyte infiltration in the neuroinflammatory cascade triggered in different brain pathologies. In this work CCR2 and CCL2 expression were examined following status epilept... | The data show that CCR2 and CCL2 are up-regulated in the hippocampus after pilocarpine-induced SE. Seizures also result in changes to CCR2 receptor expression in neurons and astrocytes. These changes might be involved in detrimental neuroplasticity and neuroinflammatory changes that occur following seizures. |
11,501,040 | Do dithiolane analogs of lignans inhibit interferon-gamma and lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages? | To investigate the effect of a group of novel synthetic dithiolane analogs of lignans and a well characterized platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist, L659,989 on PAF-receptor binding, IFN-gamma- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production, and steady-state inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS) mR... | The dithiolane analogs are a new synthetic chemical class of iNOS expression regulators with dual biologic functions: inhibiting iNOS induction and blocking PAF-receptor. |
27,795,744 | Are global DNA methylation patterns in Barrett 's esophagus , dysplastic Barrett 's , and esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with BMI , gender , and tobacco use? | The risk of developing Barrett's esophagus (BE) and/or esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is associated with specific demographic and behavioral factors, including gender, obesity/elevated body mass index (BMI), and tobacco use. Alterations in DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification that can affect gene expression and... | Our findings suggest obesity and tobacco smoking may influence DNA methylation in the esophagus and raise the possibility that these risk factors affect the development of BE, dysplastic BE, and EAC through influencing the epigenetic status of specific loci that have a biologically plausible role in cancer formation. |
19,357,626 | Does administration of heparanase-III improve the survival and angiogenesis of rat skin autografts? | Heparanase, a glycohydrolase enzyme, cleaves heparan sulfate in the tissue matrix. Heparan sulfate degradation causes the release of angiogenic and growth factors, leading to angiogenesis. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the angiogenic effect of heparinase-III administration on skin autograft healing in rat. Four... | Heparanase-III administration improves the healing of rat skin autografts through induction of angiogenesis. |
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