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B9PN93IEKC5G
Polycarp has $n$ different binary words. A word called binary if it contains only characters '0' and '1'. For example, these words are binary: "0001", "11", "0" and "0011100". Polycarp wants to offer his set of $n$ binary words to play a game "words". In this game, players name words and each next word (starting from ...
708
OFZ1L0NJ0JLY
Mikhail walks on a Cartesian plane. He starts at the point $(0, 0)$, and in one move he can go to any of eight adjacent points. For example, if Mikhail is currently at the point $(0, 0)$, he can go to any of the following points in one move: $(1, 0)$; $(1, 1)$; $(0, 1)$; $(-1, 1)$; $(-1, 0)$; $(-1, -1)$; $(0, -...
697
URW7B336PZX0
You are given three sequences: $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$; $b_1, b_2, \ldots, b_n$; $c_1, c_2, \ldots, c_n$. For each $i$, $a_i \neq b_i$, $a_i \neq c_i$, $b_i \neq c_i$. Find a sequence $p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_n$, that satisfy the following conditions: $p_i \in \{a_i, b_i, c_i\}$ $p_i \neq p_{(i \mod n) + 1}$. In o...
1,139
GRPLE3KVCNO4
You have $n$ barrels lined up in a row, numbered from left to right from one. Initially, the $i$-th barrel contains $a_i$ liters of water. You can pour water from one barrel to another. In one act of pouring, you can choose two different barrels $x$ and $y$ (the $x$-th barrel shouldn't be empty) and pour any possible ...
505
07HTMOTBLOVE
You are given a permutation $p=[p_1, p_2, \ldots, p_n]$ of integers from $1$ to $n$. Let's call the number $m$ ($1 \le m \le n$) beautiful, if there exists two indices $l, r$ ($1 \le l \le r \le n$), such that the numbers $[p_l, p_{l+1}, \ldots, p_r]$ is a permutation of numbers $1, 2, \ldots, m$. For example, let $p ...
978
6LYWQ0P3TW1W
The sequence of $m$ integers is called the permutation if it contains all integers from $1$ to $m$ exactly once. The number $m$ is called the length of the permutation. Dreamoon has two permutations $p_1$ and $p_2$ of non-zero lengths $l_1$ and $l_2$. Now Dreamoon concatenates these two permutations into another sequ...
717
O44K4WXB4FKR
Arthur owns a ski resort on a mountain. There are $n$ landing spots on the mountain numbered from $1$ to $n$ from the top to the foot of the mountain. The spots are connected with one-directional ski tracks. All tracks go towards the foot of the mountain, so there are no directed cycles formed by the tracks. There are ...
694
PUGHTGWAQ6O2
The only difference between easy and hard versions is constraints. Now elections are held in Berland and you want to win them. More precisely, you want everyone to vote for you. There are $n$ voters, and two ways to convince each of them to vote for you. The first way to convince the $i$-th voter is to pay him $p_i$ ...
750
VWOBY51G17SI
You like playing chess tournaments online. In your last tournament you played $n$ games. For the sake of this problem, each chess game is either won or lost (no draws). When you lose a game you get $0$ points. When you win you get $1$ or $2$ points: if you have won also the previous game you get $2$ points, otherwise ...
855
RTVAFGZ8GP9X
Alice and Bob play a game. They have a binary string $s$ (a string such that each character in it is either $0$ or $1$). Alice moves first, then Bob, then Alice again, and so on. During their move, the player can choose any number (not less than one) of consecutive equal characters in $s$ and delete them. For example...
441
TJWV5MVMG41J
Given a permutation $p$ of length $n$, find its subsequence $s_1$, $s_2$, $\ldots$, $s_k$ of length at least $2$ such that: $|s_1-s_2|+|s_2-s_3|+\ldots+|s_{k-1}-s_k|$ is as big as possible over all subsequences of $p$ with length at least $2$. Among all such subsequences, choose the one whose length, $k$, is as small...
624
9QBR15O57N29
You have a string $s$ — a sequence of commands for your toy robot. The robot is placed in some cell of a rectangular grid. He can perform four commands: 'W' — move one cell up; 'S' — move one cell down; 'A' — move one cell left; 'D' — move one cell right. Let $Grid(s)$ be the grid of minimum possible area such th...
604
BIH5FNYGVGDZ
Once again, Boris needs the help of Anton in creating a task. This time Anton needs to solve the following problem: There are two arrays of integers $a$ and $b$ of length $n$. It turned out that array $a$ contains only elements from the set $\{-1, 0, 1\}$. Anton can perform the following sequence of operations any nu...
773
PX4HN5S0HE3O
Your company was appointed to lay new asphalt on the highway of length $n$. You know that every day you can either repair one unit of the highway (lay new asphalt over one unit of the highway) or skip repairing. Skipping the repair is necessary because of the climate. The climate in your region is periodical: there ar...
498
21BCW5QGGHZE
Vasya claims that he had a paper square. He cut it into two rectangular parts using one vertical or horizontal cut. Then Vasya informed you the dimensions of these two rectangular parts. You need to check whether Vasya originally had a square. In other words, check if it is possible to make a square using two given rec...
371
NJMUJYJNZ1XF
Screen resolution of Polycarp's monitor is $a \times b$ pixels. Unfortunately, there is one dead pixel at his screen. It has coordinates $(x, y)$ ($0 \le x < a, 0 \le y < b$). You can consider columns of pixels to be numbered from $0$ to $a-1$, and rows — from $0$ to $b-1$. Polycarp wants to open a rectangular window ...
457
FMABL9FPW3S9
Polycarp, Arkady's friend, prepares to the programming competition and decides to write a contest. The contest consists of $n$ problems and lasts for $T$ minutes. Each of the problems is defined by two positive integers $a_i$ and $p_i$ — its difficulty and the score awarded by its solution. Polycarp's experience sugge...
1,167
PYV2K5UJNKQT
You are given an array $a_1, a_2 \dots a_n$. Calculate the number of tuples $(i, j, k, l)$ such that: $1 \le i < j < k < l \le n$; $a_i = a_k$ and $a_j = a_l$; -----Input----- The first line contains a single integer $t$ ($1 \le t \le 100$) — the number of test cases. The first line of each test case contains a...
376
GPUJ640U1T9L
The statement of this problem is the same as the statement of problem C2. The only difference is that, in problem C1, $n$ is always even, and in C2, $n$ is always odd. You are given a regular polygon with $2 \cdot n$ vertices (it's convex and has equal sides and equal angles) and all its sides have length $1$. Let's n...
377
A3EOISV0AZF8
The only difference between easy and hard versions is constraints. The BerTV channel every day broadcasts one episode of one of the $k$ TV shows. You know the schedule for the next $n$ days: a sequence of integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$ ($1 \le a_i \le k$), where $a_i$ is the show, the episode of which will be shown i...
734
2AWFB7WGMD02
Gildong owns a bulgogi restaurant. The restaurant has a lot of customers, so many of them like to make a reservation before visiting it. Gildong tries so hard to satisfy the customers that he even memorized all customers' preferred temperature ranges! Looking through the reservation list, he wants to satisfy all custo...
950
R7NOXOW0SNBH
Among Johnny's numerous hobbies, there are two seemingly harmless ones: applying bitwise operations and sneaking into his dad's office. As it is usually the case with small children, Johnny is unaware that combining these two activities can get him in a lot of trouble. There is a set $S$ containing very important numb...
664
20WLTH15HDMW
Let's define the following recurrence: $$a_{n+1} = a_{n} + minDigit(a_{n}) \cdot maxDigit(a_{n}).$$ Here $minDigit(x)$ and $maxDigit(x)$ are the minimal and maximal digits in the decimal representation of $x$ without leading zeroes. For examples refer to notes. Your task is calculate $a_{K}$ for given $a_{1}$ and $K$...
677
Y0J2X4ATX2N1
The only difference between easy and hard versions is constraints. Now elections are held in Berland and you want to win them. More precisely, you want everyone to vote for you. There are $n$ voters, and two ways to convince each of them to vote for you. The first way to convince the $i$-th voter is to pay him $p_i$ ...
735
B14O5NFV21UT
Try guessing the statement from this picture: $3$ You are given a non-negative integer $d$. You have to find two non-negative real numbers $a$ and $b$ such that $a + b = d$ and $a \cdot b = d$. -----Input----- The first line contains $t$ ($1 \le t \le 10^3$) — the number of test cases. Each test case contains on...
322
KDNTZRLKVMMC
We are committed to the well being of all participants. Therefore, instead of the problem, we suggest you enjoy a piece of cake. Uh oh. Somebody cut the cake. We told them to wait for you, but they did it anyway. There is still some left, though, if you hurry back. Of course, before you taste the cake, you thought abo...
1,126
9AVJOQVOP1OW
You are given a special jigsaw puzzle consisting of $n\cdot m$ identical pieces. Every piece has three tabs and one blank, as pictured below. $\{3$ The jigsaw puzzle is considered solved if the following conditions hold: The pieces are arranged into a grid with $n$ rows and $m$ columns. For any two pieces that shar...
343
TG7LTMYBWHM6
There are $n$ positive integers $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$. For the one move you can choose any even value $c$ and divide by two all elements that equal $c$. For example, if $a=[6,8,12,6,3,12]$ and you choose $c=6$, and $a$ is transformed into $a=[3,8,12,3,3,12]$ after the move. You need to find the minimal number of mov...
591
MS2TMZ7I9S3K
Acacius is studying strings theory. Today he came with the following problem. You are given a string $s$ of length $n$ consisting of lowercase English letters and question marks. It is possible to replace question marks with lowercase English letters in such a way that a string "abacaba" occurs as a substring in a res...
721
Q3P6XR1P8YFF
You are given an array $a$ consisting of $n$ integers numbered from $1$ to $n$. Let's define the $k$-amazing number of the array as the minimum number that occurs in all of the subsegments of the array having length $k$ (recall that a subsegment of $a$ of length $k$ is a contiguous part of $a$ containing exactly $k$ e...
420
Z9H0N0J4INOA
You are given a string $s$ of even length $n$. String $s$ is binary, in other words, consists only of 0's and 1's. String $s$ has exactly $\frac{n}{2}$ zeroes and $\frac{n}{2}$ ones ($n$ is even). In one operation you can reverse any substring of $s$. A substring of a string is a contiguous subsequence of that string...
448
DH7CTWZ2UDW8
Skier rides on a snowy field. Its movements can be described by a string of characters 'S', 'N', 'W', 'E' (which correspond to $1$ meter movement in the south, north, west or east direction respectively). It is known that if he moves along a previously unvisited segment of a path (i.e. this segment of the path is visi...
300
GK2UYWFXF4NY
Lately, Mr. Chanek frequently plays the game Arena of Greed. As the name implies, the game's goal is to find the greediest of them all, who will then be crowned king of Compfestnesia. The game is played by two people taking turns, where Mr. Chanek takes the first turn. Initially, there is a treasure chest containing $...
379
358YXV78IAX2
Numbers $1, 2, 3, \dots n$ (each integer from $1$ to $n$ once) are written on a board. In one operation you can erase any two numbers $a$ and $b$ from the board and write one integer $\frac{a + b}{2}$ rounded up instead. You should perform the given operation $n - 1$ times and make the resulting number that will be le...
446
L0ICNTETH14H
You have a large electronic screen which can display up to $998244353$ decimal digits. The digits are displayed in the same way as on different electronic alarm clocks: each place for a digit consists of $7$ segments which can be turned on and off to compose different digits. The following picture describes how you can...
395
C00KI16TANW1
Young wilderness explorers set off to their first expedition led by senior explorer Russell. Explorers went into a forest, set up a camp and decided to split into groups to explore as much interesting locations as possible. Russell was trying to form groups, but ran into some difficulties... Most of the young explorer...
582
10PSJW4TBATQ
It is lunch time for Mole. His friend, Marmot, prepared him a nice game for lunch. Marmot brought Mole n ordered piles of worms such that i-th pile contains a_{i} worms. He labeled all these worms with consecutive integers: worms in first pile are labeled with numbers 1 to a_1, worms in second pile are labeled with nu...
535
597MBQ0RLR9S
Yeah, we failed to make up a New Year legend for this problem. A permutation of length $n$ is an array of $n$ integers such that every integer from $1$ to $n$ appears in it exactly once. An element $y$ of permutation $p$ is reachable from element $x$ if $x = y$, or $p_x = y$, or $p_{p_x} = y$, and so on. The decom...
1,252
JJO3VJ8U8BEN
Two players decided to play one interesting card game. There is a deck of $n$ cards, with values from $1$ to $n$. The values of cards are pairwise different (this means that no two different cards have equal values). At the beginning of the game, the deck is completely distributed between players such that each player...
911
6GOZ3THF81Z5
After a long party Petya decided to return home, but he turned out to be at the opposite end of the town from his home. There are $n$ crossroads in the line in the town, and there is either the bus or the tram station at each crossroad. The crossroads are represented as a string $s$ of length $n$, where $s_i = \texttt...
1,005
2ZM6XVWZL2F9
You are given a sequence $a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n$, consisting of integers. You can apply the following operation to this sequence: choose some integer $x$ and move all elements equal to $x$ either to the beginning, or to the end of $a$. Note that you have to move all these elements in one direction in one operation. Fo...
764
U1DR8QGF484E
You are fed up with your messy room, so you decided to clean it up. Your room is a bracket sequence $s=s_{1}s_{2}\dots s_{n}$ of length $n$. Each character of this string is either an opening bracket '(' or a closing bracket ')'. In one operation you can choose any consecutive substring of $s$ and reverse it. In othe...
936
3LP61AOF186P
You are given a binary string $s$ (recall that a string is binary if each character is either $0$ or $1$). Let $f(t)$ be the decimal representation of integer $t$ written in binary form (possibly with leading zeroes). For example $f(011) = 3, f(00101) = 5, f(00001) = 1, f(10) = 2, f(000) = 0$ and $f(000100) = 4$. The...
419
LDYI3Q5YWJ02
Petya is preparing for his birthday. He decided that there would be $n$ different dishes on the dinner table, numbered from $1$ to $n$. Since Petya doesn't like to cook, he wants to order these dishes in restaurants. Unfortunately, all dishes are prepared in different restaurants and therefore Petya needs to pick up h...
722
WL2GVLETT7SZ
Today the kindergarten has a new group of $n$ kids who need to be seated at the dinner table. The chairs at the table are numbered from $1$ to $4n$. Two kids can't sit on the same chair. It is known that two kids who sit on chairs with numbers $a$ and $b$ ($a \neq b$) will indulge if: $gcd(a, b) = 1$ or, $a$ divides...
471
VUN4AUPK2H3F
Jett is tired after destroying the town and she wants to have a rest. She likes high places, that's why for having a rest she wants to get high and she decided to craft staircases. A staircase is a squared figure that consists of square cells. Each staircase consists of an arbitrary number of stairs. If a staircase ha...
608
3C1IKM9IT2VB
Recently, you found a bot to play "Rock paper scissors" with. Unfortunately, the bot uses quite a simple algorithm to play: he has a string $s = s_1 s_2 \dots s_{n}$ of length $n$ where each letter is either R, S or P. While initializing, the bot is choosing a starting index $pos$ ($1 \le pos \le n$), and then it can ...
914
VXKWFQ8SFUNM
This is the easy version of the problem. The difference between the versions is that the easy version has no swap operations. You can make hacks only if all versions of the problem are solved. Pikachu is a cute and friendly pokémon living in the wild pikachu herd. But it has become known recently that infamous team R...
758
TEL3F2Y3AB62
You are playing a very popular game called Cubecraft. Initially, you have one stick and want to craft $k$ torches. One torch can be crafted using one stick and one coal. Hopefully, you've met a very handsome wandering trader who has two trade offers: exchange $1$ stick for $x$ sticks (you lose $1$ stick and gain $x$ ...
420
6KSQ561XSGID
Let's call some positive integer classy if its decimal representation contains no more than $3$ non-zero digits. For example, numbers $4$, $200000$, $10203$ are classy and numbers $4231$, $102306$, $7277420000$ are not. You are given a segment $[L; R]$. Count the number of classy integers $x$ such that $L \le x \le R$...
260
Z50K56MUSZ0V
Karlsson has recently discovered a huge stock of berry jam jars in the basement of the house. More specifically, there were $2n$ jars of strawberry and blueberry jam. All the $2n$ jars are arranged in a row. The stairs to the basement are exactly in the middle of that row. So when Karlsson enters the basement, he sees...
674
YS7JDYPTIY6N
There are n games in a football tournament. Three teams are participating in it. Currently k games had already been played. You are an avid football fan, but recently you missed the whole k games. Fortunately, you remember a guess of your friend for these k games. Your friend did not tell exact number of wins of each...
629
RZFW00W1CUPN
Harry Water, Ronaldo, Her-my-oh-knee and their friends have started a new school year at their MDCS School of Speechcraft and Misery. At the time, they are very happy to have seen each other after a long time. The sun is shining, birds are singing, flowers are blooming, and their Potions class teacher, professor Snipe ...
452
G7NXXHILU5IH
Gildong recently learned how to find the longest increasing subsequence (LIS) in $O(n\log{n})$ time for a sequence of length $n$. He wants to test himself if he can implement it correctly, but he couldn't find any online judges that would do it (even though there are actually many of them). So instead he's going to mak...
724
L5F6XRC73BPK
You are playing a variation of game 2048. Initially you have a multiset $s$ of $n$ integers. Every integer in this multiset is a power of two. You may perform any number (possibly, zero) operations with this multiset. During each operation you choose two equal integers from $s$, remove them from $s$ and insert the n...
629
A9G9SEANLBY3
A penguin Rocher has $n$ sticks. He has exactly one stick with length $i$ for all $1 \le i \le n$. He can connect some sticks. If he connects two sticks that have lengths $a$ and $b$, he gets one stick with length $a + b$. Two sticks, that were used in the operation disappear from his set and the new connected stick a...
384
6A3DRDJRBM96
A mad scientist Dr.Jubal has made a competitive programming task. Try to solve it! You are given integers $n,k$. Construct a grid $A$ with size $n \times n$ consisting of integers $0$ and $1$. The very important condition should be satisfied: the sum of all elements in the grid is exactly $k$. In other words, the numb...
802
YHBLQHMIBPFA
You are given an array $a$ of length $n$, which initially is a permutation of numbers from $1$ to $n$. In one operation, you can choose an index $i$ ($1 \leq i < n$) such that $a_i < a_{i + 1}$, and remove either $a_i$ or $a_{i + 1}$ from the array (after the removal, the remaining parts are concatenated). For exampl...
742
6J0STMXJLK89
You have a rectangular chocolate bar consisting of n × m single squares. You want to eat exactly k squares, so you may need to break the chocolate bar. In one move you can break any single rectangular piece of chocolate in two rectangular pieces. You can break only by lines between squares: horizontally or vertically...
507
WQORWFAWBF53
Dark is going to attend Motarack's birthday. Dark decided that the gift he is going to give to Motarack is an array $a$ of $n$ non-negative integers. Dark created that array $1000$ years ago, so some elements in that array disappeared. Dark knows that Motarack hates to see an array that has two adjacent elements with ...
899
VZ5MXRYQ92H6
In order to celebrate Twice's 5th anniversary, Tzuyu and Sana decided to play a game. Tzuyu gave Sana two integers $a$ and $b$ and a really important quest. In order to complete the quest, Sana has to output the smallest possible value of ($a \oplus x$) + ($b \oplus x$) for any given $x$, where $\oplus$ denotes the b...
302
QBWUWGMGFHP5
You are given a permutation $p_1, p_2, \dots, p_n$. Recall that sequence of $n$ integers is called a permutation if it contains all integers from $1$ to $n$ exactly once. Find three indices $i$, $j$ and $k$ such that: $1 \le i < j < k \le n$; $p_i < p_j$ and $p_j > p_k$. Or say that there are no such indices. --...
378
9WSWR6XT3O1B
Polycarp wants to assemble his own keyboard. Layouts with multiple rows are too complicated for him — his keyboard will consist of only one row, where all $26$ lowercase Latin letters will be arranged in some order. Polycarp uses the same password $s$ on all websites where he is registered (it is bad, but he doesn't c...
454
DEAVPZVIK4Z2
Lee just became Master in Codeforces, and so, he went out to buy some gifts for his friends. He bought $n$ integers, now it's time to distribute them between his friends rationally... Lee has $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ in his backpack and he has $k$ friends. Lee would like to distribute all integers in his b...
680
7MHJX00QBEK1
There is a road with length $l$ meters. The start of the road has coordinate $0$, the end of the road has coordinate $l$. There are two cars, the first standing at the start of the road and the second standing at the end of the road. They will start driving simultaneously. The first car will drive from the start to th...
816
AJBMAWJRH274
You and your friend are playing the game Mortal Kombat XI. You are trying to pass a challenge tower. There are $n$ bosses in this tower, numbered from $1$ to $n$. The type of the $i$-th boss is $a_i$. If the $i$-th boss is easy then its type is $a_i = 0$, otherwise this boss is hard and its type is $a_i = 1$. During o...
671
A5HXSHVR67Y4
Kuroni has $n$ daughters. As gifts for them, he bought $n$ necklaces and $n$ bracelets: the $i$-th necklace has a brightness $a_i$, where all the $a_i$ are pairwise distinct (i.e. all $a_i$ are different), the $i$-th bracelet has a brightness $b_i$, where all the $b_i$ are pairwise distinct (i.e. all $b_i$ are differ...
1,018
RDLDBRYRAN0W
This problem is different from the easy version. In this version Ujan makes at most $2n$ swaps. In addition, $k \le 1000, n \le 50$ and it is necessary to print swaps themselves. You can hack this problem if you solve it. But you can hack the previous problem only if you solve both problems. After struggling and faili...
596
6AYVXYQDE9L0
You have a string $s$ consisting of $n$ characters. Each character is either 0 or 1. You can perform operations on the string. Each operation consists of two steps: select an integer $i$ from $1$ to the length of the string $s$, then delete the character $s_i$ (the string length gets reduced by $1$, the indices of ch...
620
T32WRIF95CAE
Bertown is a city with $n$ buildings in a straight line. The city's security service discovered that some buildings were mined. A map was compiled, which is a string of length $n$, where the $i$-th character is "1" if there is a mine under the building number $i$ and "0" otherwise. Bertown's best sapper knows how to ...
537
9W4R07WDKI4F
Word $s$ of length $n$ is called $k$-complete if $s$ is a palindrome, i.e. $s_i=s_{n+1-i}$ for all $1 \le i \le n$; $s$ has a period of $k$, i.e. $s_i=s_{k+i}$ for all $1 \le i \le n-k$. For example, "abaaba" is a $3$-complete word, while "abccba" is not. Bob is given a word $s$ of length $n$ consisting of only l...
532
653XIWH94DS1
You're given an array $a$ of $n$ integers, such that $a_1 + a_2 + \cdots + a_n = 0$. In one operation, you can choose two different indices $i$ and $j$ ($1 \le i, j \le n$), decrement $a_i$ by one and increment $a_j$ by one. If $i < j$ this operation is free, otherwise it costs one coin. How many coins do you have to...
534
VA503BF3HDFM
Phoenix loves beautiful arrays. An array is beautiful if all its subarrays of length $k$ have the same sum. A subarray of an array is any sequence of consecutive elements. Phoenix currently has an array $a$ of length $n$. He wants to insert some number of integers, possibly zero, into his array such that it becomes be...
689
C3AKVX3U33NG
You're given an array of $n$ integers between $0$ and $n$ inclusive. In one operation, you can choose any element of the array and replace it by the MEX of the elements of the array (which may change after the operation). For example, if the current array is $[0, 2, 2, 1, 4]$, you can choose the second element and re...
1,180
ROPNTGFQZ4UO
Polycarp plays a computer game. In this game, the players summon armies of magical minions, which then fight each other. Polycarp can summon $n$ different minions. The initial power level of the $i$-th minion is $a_i$, and when it is summoned, all previously summoned minions' power levels are increased by $b_i$. The m...
762
66D0Z6U1XNFJ
The statement of this problem is the same as the statement of problem C1. The only difference is that, in problem C1, $n$ is always even, and in C2, $n$ is always odd. You are given a regular polygon with $2 \cdot n$ vertices (it's convex and has equal sides and equal angles) and all its sides have length $1$. Let's n...
377
MMA12GTW8I9X
Lee is going to fashionably decorate his house for a party, using some regular convex polygons... Lee thinks a regular $n$-sided (convex) polygon is beautiful if and only if he can rotate it in such a way that at least one of its edges is parallel to the $OX$-axis and at least one of its edges is parallel to the $OY$-...
364
3MLA7X7RPCLB
You have a fence consisting of $n$ vertical boards. The width of each board is $1$. The height of the $i$-th board is $a_i$. You think that the fence is great if there is no pair of adjacent boards having the same height. More formally, the fence is great if and only if for all indices from $2$ to $n$, the condition $a...
580
VJ7JIJEDK4B9
You are given a picture consisting of $n$ rows and $m$ columns. Rows are numbered from $1$ to $n$ from the top to the bottom, columns are numbered from $1$ to $m$ from the left to the right. Each cell is painted either black or white. You think that this picture is not interesting enough. You consider a picture to be...
880
DKINIQ2MBZR3
An agent called Cypher is decrypting a message, that contains a composite number $n$. All divisors of $n$, which are greater than $1$, are placed in a circle. Cypher can choose the initial order of numbers in the circle. In one move Cypher can choose two adjacent numbers in a circle and insert their least common multi...
540
MNEQIOSCUIGL
While doing some spring cleaning, Daniel found an old calculator that he loves so much. However, it seems like it is broken. When he tries to compute $1 + 3$ using the calculator, he gets $2$ instead of $4$. But when he tries computing $1 + 4$, he gets the correct answer, $5$. Puzzled by this mystery, he opened up his ...
486
EIPXQ854UKK9
You are given three strings $a$, $b$ and $c$ of the same length $n$. The strings consist of lowercase English letters only. The $i$-th letter of $a$ is $a_i$, the $i$-th letter of $b$ is $b_i$, the $i$-th letter of $c$ is $c_i$. For every $i$ ($1 \leq i \leq n$) you must swap (i.e. exchange) $c_i$ with either $a_i$ or...
748
KWEOZJOVZ15L
A permutation of length $n$ is an array consisting of $n$ distinct integers from $1$ to $n$ in arbitrary order. For example, $[2,3,1,5,4]$ is a permutation, but $[1,2,2]$ is not a permutation ($2$ appears twice in the array) and $[1,3,4]$ is also not a permutation ($n=3$ but there is $4$ in the array). Let $p$ be any ...
841
L416QVIHWULZ
Being tired of participating in too many Codeforces rounds, Gildong decided to take some rest in a park. He sat down on a bench, and soon he found two rabbits hopping around. One of the rabbits was taller than the other. He noticed that the two rabbits were hopping towards each other. The positions of the two rabbits ...
596
ANKGQ8FW7SB3
Let's look at the following process: initially you have an empty stack and an array $s$ of the length $l$. You are trying to push array elements to the stack in the order $s_1, s_2, s_3, \dots s_{l}$. Moreover, if the stack is empty or the element at the top of this stack is not equal to the current element, then you j...
1,028
5HF58YYQ7A8W
Consider the following process. You have a binary string (a string where each character is either 0 or 1) $w$ of length $n$ and an integer $x$. You build a new binary string $s$ consisting of $n$ characters. The $i$-th character of $s$ is chosen as follows: if the character $w_{i-x}$ exists and is equal to 1, then $...
458
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