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he French reconquest of southern Vietnam and contribute to the construction of the DRV in the north. While searching for allies, the DRV government tried to build alliances or solicit support for their new state within Southeast Asia, with the United States, the Soviet Union and the Chinese (Chiang Kai-Shek government/... |
Vietminh war was termed ‘a powerful movement for national liberation in the colonies and dependencies’.20 The speech marked a watershed in Soviet post-war strategies. It affirmed a policy already decided upon by Stalin and the CPSU Central Committee and was an event that set the tone of international relations during t... |
are still unexplored sources that might reveal more about the conference, such as those of the Soviet Youth Organization Komsomol.35 But even if the conference was not used to pass on instructions, it has been argued that it served a useful purpose within Soviet strategy. The reason for that was the emphasis put on dis... |
in Hanoi, previously had entertained close connections with the Chinese Communists in the 1920s and 1930s. During his time as an active member of the PCF in Paris, Ho met several of the men who would become central within the CCP, such as Zhou Enlai, Wang Ruofei, Xiao San and Li Fuchun. Ho had also worked in China for... |
n of the DRV came at about the same time as the Sino-Soviet agreement was signed in Moscow.4 Once Mao was in power in China, Stalin, surprised but still pleased with the successes of the Chinese Communists, had no other option than to support the CCP. This support was primarily announced through the Sino-Soviet Treaty ... |
he actual Soviet recognition of the DRV did not cause much discussion. From Moscow’s point of view, it was rather the slow routine of the DRV bureaucracy and discussions about diplomatic representation that caused trouble. On 14 February, two weeks after the official announcement in Pravda, the Soviets had still not re... |
hip was rather satisfied with the impact recognition had on the Western powers and especially on the French government. During the spring of 1950 the Soviet foreign ministry reports referred to French newspapers that characterized the carefully constructed recognition of the Bao Dai government as a ‘bursting soap-bubbl... |
-scale regularunit assault on the French positions around Hanoi in the Red River delta and the border region to China. The attack was a major setback, and the Vietminh lost around 6,000 soldiers.39 Because this second campaign turned out to be rather catastrophic, the military situation in the DRV continued to be diffi... |
campaign, the DRV leaders showed how much they depended on the Chinese experience to form their future state. Although Vietnamese nationalists/Communists had talked about land reform since the 1920s, it was only with Chinese guidance they had gotten so far.55 Recognition and new challenges With the proclamation of the... |
ith mediation in the Indochinese question. However, he remarked, since then the French had not said anything except on general issues.9 Thus, the status of the PRC and their role during the conference became a major issue alongside the more practical question of how to organize day-to-day work during the conference. In... |
RV. The DRV government must present a declaration saying that they would not prosecute persons who had worked for the French expeditionary corps in the war against the DRV. The final point in the first position was directed towards the United States, demanding that their interference in the matters of Indochina must co... |
e Franco-Vietnamese war was a vital part of Soviet planning. In 1954, Moscow had no official representative in Vietnam, but there are indications that Soviet officers visited the southern part of China bordering Vietnam, or even Vietnam itself, to gather intelligence on the military situation. At the end of March, Sovi... |
of a settlement.47 On 24 June 1954, while in Moscow during a three-week recess of the Geneva conference, Foreign Minister Molotov gave a preliminary report on the work of the conference to the CPSU Central Committee Plenum. The conference had now finished its first phase. During this phase it had mainly discussed the K... |
he work of the Geneva conference. It was during these sessions and meetings that the Soviet and Chinese delegations did a tremendous amount of work in order to bring together the views of the opposing sides. According to the Soviet evaluation of the conference, it was in particular the strong effort of the Chinese dele... |
erning the joint action of the two parties.77 Moscow considered the Geneva conference a success. Within the international context, Moscow had three equal issues on the agenda in Geneva: first, to promote Soviet objectives in Europe, more specifically to put pressure on the French government and thereby remove the threa... |
wer in the North after the Geneva partition. By 1954 the Lao Dong’s control over the police, the military, the administration and the people at large was almost total, and accordingly there was no real opposition in that part of the country. Ho Chi Minh was in a favourable situation as the unquestioned leader of most o... |
d on what is know about the Chinese role in Vietnamese military affairs on all levels, it would be safe to assume that he was afraid the Chinese could be offended if the Soviet Union offered military assistance without coordinating it with Beijing in advance. In the autumn of 1954 the Soviet Union and the DRV had not y... |
knew about the Chinese decision in advance. If so, it could explain why they emphasized the Vietnamese need for Chinese assistance, even before Beijing made the final decision to withdraw all military advisors. What does seem clear, however, is that the Soviets relied on the Chinese presence in Vietnam, politically and... |
men of the conference. Parallel to these developments, the Soviet embassy in Hanoi advocated what seems to have been a more active policy to secure fulfilment of the Geneva agreement. Expressing concern over the situation that was developing in the region, and especially the attempt of the United States, Great Britain ... |
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