clusters stringlengths 2 332 | sentences stringlengths 265 3.01k | ner stringlengths 16 1.27k | relations stringlengths 16 1.06k | doc_key stringlengths 8 24 | split stringclasses 3
values | ner_re_processed stringlengths 618 8.5k |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[[[80, 83], [112, 112], [116, 116], [144, 144]], [[121, 121], [157, 157]], [[5, 7], [73, 75]]] | [["We", "consider", "the", "problem", "of", "question-focused", "sentence", "retrieval", "from", "complex", "news", "articles", "describing", "multi-event", "stories", "published", "over", "time", "."], ["Annotators", "generated", "a", "list", "of", "questions", "central", "to", "understanding", "each", "story", "in", ... | [[[5, 7, "Task"], [10, 11, "Material"], [13, 14, "Material"]], [], [], [], [], [[73, 75, "Task"], [80, 83, "Method"], [100, 101, "Task"]], [[112, 112, "Generic"], [116, 116, "Generic"], [121, 121, "Generic"], [135, 137, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[144, 144, "Generic"], [147, 148, "Metric"], [157, 157, "Generic"]]] | [[[10, 11, 5, 7, "USED-FOR"], [13, 14, 10, 11, "FEATURE-OF"]], [], [], [], [], [[80, 83, 73, 75, "USED-FOR"], [80, 83, 100, 101, "USED-FOR"]], [[121, 121, 116, 116, "COMPARE"]], [[144, 144, 157, 157, "COMPARE"], [147, 148, 144, 144, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [147, 148, 157, 157, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | H05-1115 | train | [{"sentence": "We consider the problem of question-focused sentence retrieval from complex news articles describing multi-event stories published over time .", "entities": [{"text": "question-focused sentence retrieval", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "news articles", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "multi-event stories", "ty... |
[[[10, 11], [17, 17], [34, 35]]] | [["This", "paper", "proposes", "that", "sentence", "analysis", "should", "be", "treated", "as", "defeasible", "reasoning", ",", "and", "presents", "such", "a", "treatment", "for", "Japanese", "sentence", "analyses", "using", "an", "argumentation", "system", "by", "Konolige", ",", "which", "is", "a", "formalization", "o... | [[[4, 5, "Task"], [10, 11, "Method"], [17, 17, "Generic"], [19, 21, "Task"], [24, 25, "Method"], [32, 35, "Method"], [34, 35, "Method"], [39, 39, "OtherScientificTerm"], [41, 42, "OtherScientificTerm"], [45, 45, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[10, 11, 4, 5, "USED-FOR"], [17, 17, 19, 21, "USED-FOR"], [24, 25, 19, 21, "USED-FOR"], [39, 39, 32, 35, "PART-OF"], [39, 39, 41, 42, "CONJUNCTION"], [41, 42, 32, 35, "PART-OF"], [45, 45, 39, 39, "FEATURE-OF"], [45, 45, 41, 42, "FEATURE-OF"]]] | C90-3046 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper proposes that sentence analysis should be treated as defeasible reasoning , and presents such a treatment for Japanese sentence analyses using an argumentation system by Konolige , which is a formalization of defeasible reasoning , that includes arguments and defeat rules that capture defeasib... |
[[[20, 22], [55, 58]], [[89, 91], [100, 100]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "research", "on", "the", "Czech", "talking", "head", "system", "."], ["It", "gives", "an", "overview", "of", "methods", "used", "for", "visual", "speech", "animation", ",", "parameterization", "of", "a", "human", "face", "and", "a", "tongue", ",", "necessary", "data", "sources", "and... | [[[7, 10, "Task"]], [[17, 17, "Generic"], [20, 22, "Task"], [38, 39, "Method"]], [[42, 44, "Method"], [49, 51, "Method"], [55, 58, "Task"], [64, 64, "Task"]], [[69, 70, "Method"]], [[89, 91, "Task"], [96, 98, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[100, 100, "Generic"], [105, 106, "Method"], [110, 113, "OtherScientificTerm"], [115,... | [[], [[17, 17, 20, 22, "USED-FOR"]], [[42, 44, 49, 51, "USED-FOR"], [49, 51, 55, 58, "USED-FOR"], [55, 58, 64, 64, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[89, 91, 96, 98, "USED-FOR"]], [[100, 100, 105, 106, "USED-FOR"], [110, 113, 100, 100, "USED-FOR"], [110, 113, 115, 116, "CONJUNCTION"], [115, 116, 100, 100, "USED-FOR"]]] | INTERSPEECH_2008_21_abs | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a research on the Czech talking head system .", "entities": [{"text": "Czech talking head system", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "It gives an overview of methods used for visual speech animation , parameterization of a human face and a tongue , necessary data source... |
[[[86, 86], [88, 90]]] | [["It", "is", "often", "assumed", "that", "when", "natural", "language", "processing", "meets", "the", "real", "world", ",", "the", "ideal", "of", "aiming", "for", "complete", "and", "correct", "interpretations", "has", "to", "be", "abandoned", "."], ["However", ",", "our", "experience", "with", "TACITUS", ";", "especi... | [[[6, 8, "Task"]], [[33, 33, "Method"], [38, 39, "Metric"], [45, 45, "Generic"], [47, 50, "Task"], [55, 55, "Generic"], [58, 58, "Metric"]], [[62, 63, "Generic"], [66, 67, "Task"], [72, 74, "Method"], [77, 78, "Method"], [80, 81, "OtherScientificTerm"], [86, 86, "Generic"], [88, 90, "Method"]], [[93, 94, "Task"], [102,... | [[], [[45, 45, 47, 50, "USED-FOR"], [58, 58, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[62, 63, 66, 67, "USED-FOR"], [72, 74, 62, 63, "HYPONYM-OF"], [72, 74, 77, 78, "CONJUNCTION"], [77, 78, 62, 63, "HYPONYM-OF"], [77, 78, 66, 67, "USED-FOR"], [77, 78, 80, 81, "USED-FOR"], [77, 78, 86, 86, "CONJUNCTION"], [86, 86, 62, 63, "HYPONYM-OF... | A92-1026 | train | [{"sentence": "It is often assumed that when natural language processing meets the real world , the ideal of aiming for complete and correct interpretations has to be abandoned .", "entities": [{"text": "natural language processing", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "However , our experience with TACITU... |
[[[4, 9], [44, 44]], [[19, 28], [115, 115]]] | [["This", "paper", "proposes", "a", "Hidden", "Markov", "Model", "-LRB-", "HMM", "-RRB-", "and", "an", "HMM-based", "chunk", "tagger", ",", "from", "which", "a", "named", "entity", "-LRB-", "NE", "-RRB-", "recognition", "-LRB-", "NER", "-RRB-", "system", "is", "built", "to", "recognize", "and", "classify", "names", ","... | [[[4, 9, "Method"], [12, 14, "Method"], [19, 28, "Method"], [35, 35, "OtherScientificTerm"], [37, 40, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[44, 44, "Method"], [65, 70, "OtherScientificTerm"], [74, 74, "OtherScientificTerm"], [76, 76, "OtherScientificTerm"], [89, 91, "OtherScientificTerm"], [95, 98, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[105,... | [[[4, 9, 12, 14, "CONJUNCTION"], [4, 9, 19, 28, "USED-FOR"], [12, 14, 19, 28, "USED-FOR"], [19, 28, 35, 35, "USED-FOR"], [19, 28, 37, 40, "USED-FOR"], [35, 35, 37, 40, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[74, 74, 65, 70, "HYPONYM-OF"], [74, 74, 76, 76, "CONJUNCTION"], [76, 76, 65, 70, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [], [[117, 122, 115, 115, "EVALUATE-... | P02-1060 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper proposes a Hidden Markov Model -LRB- HMM -RRB- and an HMM-based chunk tagger , from which a named entity -LRB- NE -RRB- recognition -LRB- NER -RRB- system is built to recognize and classify names , times and numerical quantities .", "entities": [{"text": "Hidden Markov Model -LRB- HMM -RRB-", ... |
[[[27, 27], [32, 32]], [[1, 1], [88, 88]]] | [["Two", "themes", "have", "evolved", "in", "speech", "and", "text", "image", "processing", "work", "at", "Xerox", "PARC", "that", "expand", "and", "redefine", "the", "role", "of", "recognition", "technology", "in", "document-oriented", "applications", "."], ["One", "is", "the", "development", "of", "systems", "that", ... | [[[1, 1, "Generic"], [5, 9, "Task"], [21, 22, "Method"], [24, 25, "Task"]], [[27, 27, "Generic"], [32, 32, "Generic"], [40, 41, "Method"], [46, 50, "Material"]], [[56, 56, "Generic"], [61, 64, "Method"], [72, 75, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[81, 81, "Generic"], [88, 88, "Generic"], [91, 92, "Method"], [98, 98, "Method"],... | [[[1, 1, 5, 9, "PART-OF"], [21, 22, 24, 25, "USED-FOR"]], [[32, 32, 40, 41, "CONJUNCTION"], [46, 50, 32, 32, "USED-FOR"]], [[61, 64, 56, 56, "USED-FOR"], [72, 75, 61, 64, "USED-FOR"]], [[91, 92, 81, 81, "HYPONYM-OF"], [91, 92, 98, 98, "CONJUNCTION"], [98, 98, 81, 81, "HYPONYM-OF"], [98, 98, 100, 103, "CONJUNCTION"], [1... | H93-1076 | train | [{"sentence": "Two themes have evolved in speech and text image processing work at Xerox PARC that expand and redefine the role of recognition technology in document-oriented applications .", "entities": [{"text": "themes", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "speech and text image processing", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "reco... |
[[[79, 79], [124, 124]]] | [["The", "problem", "of", "predicting", "image", "or", "video", "interestingness", "from", "their", "low-level", "feature", "representations", "has", "received", "increasing", "interest", "."], ["As", "a", "highly", "subjective", "visual", "attribute", ",", "annotating", "the", "interesting-ness", "value", "of", "train... | [[[3, 7, "Task"], [10, 12, "Method"]], [[21, 23, "OtherScientificTerm"], [27, 28, "OtherScientificTerm"], [35, 36, "Method"]], [[53, 54, "Method"], [57, 58, "OtherScientificTerm"], [62, 63, "Method"], [67, 68, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[79, 79, "Generic"], [82, 83, "OtherScientificTerm"], [87, 89, "Task"], [92, 94, "Me... | [[[10, 12, 3, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[53, 54, 57, 58, "USED-FOR"], [62, 63, 53, 54, "USED-FOR"], [62, 63, 67, 68, "USED-FOR"]], [[79, 79, 82, 83, "USED-FOR"], [79, 79, 102, 103, "USED-FOR"], [79, 79, 105, 107, "USED-FOR"], [87, 89, 82, 83, "USED-FOR"], [92, 94, 87, 89, "USED-FOR"], [92, 94, 96, 97, "USED-FOR"], [102, 10... | ECCV_2014_47_abs | train | [{"sentence": "The problem of predicting image or video interestingness from their low-level feature representations has received increasing interest .", "entities": [{"text": "predicting image or video interestingness", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "low-level feature representations", "type": "Method"}], "relations": [{"... |
[[[1, 5], [34, 34]]] | [["Many", "description", "logics", "-LRB-", "DLs", "-RRB-", "combine", "knowledge", "representation", "on", "an", "abstract", ",", "logical", "level", "with", "an", "interface", "to", "``", "concrete", "''", "domains", "such", "as", "numbers", "and", "strings", "."], ["We", "propose", "to", "extend", "such", "DLs", "wi... | [[[1, 5, "Method"], [7, 8, "Method"]], [[34, 34, "Method"]], [[68, 70, "Method"], [79, 82, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[7, 8, 1, 5, "CONJUNCTION"]], [], []] | IJCAI_2003_15_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Many description logics -LRB- DLs -RRB- combine knowledge representation on an abstract , logical level with an interface to `` concrete '' domains such as numbers and strings .", "entities": [{"text": "description logics -LRB- DLs -RRB-", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "knowledge representation", "type": "... |
[[[22, 24], [48, 48], [94, 94]], [[58, 58], [65, 65], [83, 83]], [[18, 19], [31, 32]], [[8, 10], [38, 39], [61, 62]], [[91, 91], [109, 109], [120, 120]]] | [["We", "describe", "an", "implementation", "of", "data-driven", "selection", "of", "emphatic", "facial", "displays", "for", "an", "embodied", "conversational", "agent", "in", "a", "dialogue", "system", "."], ["A", "corpus", "of", "sentences", "in", "the", "domain", "of", "the", "target", "dialogue", "system", "was", "... | [[[5, 6, "Task"], [8, 10, "Material"], [13, 15, "Task"], [18, 19, "Task"]], [[22, 24, "Material"], [31, 32, "Method"], [38, 39, "Material"]], [[48, 48, "Generic"], [58, 58, "Generic"], [61, 62, "Material"], [65, 65, "Generic"]], [[83, 83, "Generic"], [91, 91, "Method"], [94, 94, "Generic"]], [[109, 109, "Method"]], [[1... | [[[5, 6, 13, 15, "USED-FOR"], [8, 10, 5, 6, "USED-FOR"], [13, 15, 18, 19, "PART-OF"]], [], [[48, 48, 58, 58, "USED-FOR"], [58, 58, 61, 62, "USED-FOR"]], [[91, 91, 83, 83, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [], [], []] | E06-1045 | train | [{"sentence": "We describe an implementation of data-driven selection of emphatic facial displays for an embodied conversational agent in a dialogue system .", "entities": [{"text": "data-driven selection", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "emphatic facial displays", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "embodied conversational agen... |
[[[115, 122], [125, 125], [168, 168]]] | [["When", "classifying", "high-dimensional", "sequence", "data", ",", "traditional", "methods", "-LRB-", "e.g.", ",", "HMMs", ",", "CRFs", "-RRB-", "may", "require", "large", "amounts", "of", "training", "data", "to", "avoid", "overfitting", "."], ["In", "such", "cases", "dimensionality", "reduction", "can", "be", "emp... | [[[1, 4, "Task"], [11, 11, "Method"], [13, 13, "Method"], [24, 24, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[29, 30, "Method"], [37, 38, "Method"], [41, 41, "Task"]], [[48, 49, "Generic"], [51, 53, "Task"], [65, 67, "OtherScientificTerm"], [79, 80, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[82, 85, "Method"], [90, 92, "Method"]], [[115, 122, "Method... | [[[11, 11, 1, 4, "USED-FOR"], [11, 11, 13, 13, "CONJUNCTION"], [13, 13, 1, 4, "USED-FOR"]], [[29, 30, 37, 38, "USED-FOR"], [37, 38, 41, 41, "USED-FOR"]], [[48, 49, 51, 53, "USED-FOR"]], [[82, 85, 90, 92, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[155, 155, 160, 160, "USED-FOR"]], [[174, 180, 168, 168, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [187, 190, 168, 168... | CVPR_2010_11_abs | train | [{"sentence": "When classifying high-dimensional sequence data , traditional methods -LRB- e.g. , HMMs , CRFs -RRB- may require large amounts of training data to avoid overfitting .", "entities": [{"text": "classifying high-dimensional sequence data", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "HMMs", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "CRFs"... |
[[[4, 4], [45, 45]]] | [["We", "present", "an", "efficient", "algorithm", "for", "chart-based", "phrase", "structure", "parsing", "of", "natural", "language", "that", "is", "tailored", "to", "the", "problem", "of", "extracting", "specific", "information", "from", "unrestricted", "texts", "where", "many", "of", "the", "words", "are", "unknown... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 9, "Task"], [11, 12, "Material"]], [[45, 45, "Method"], [54, 55, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[60, 60, "OtherScientificTerm"], [65, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [75, 75, "OtherScientificTerm"], [84, 84, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[92, 93, "OtherScientificTerm"], [108, 108, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [... | [[[4, 4, 6, 9, "USED-FOR"], [11, 12, 6, 9, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [], [[137, 138, 129, 131, "USED-FOR"]], [[171, 171, 162, 166, "USED-FOR"], [171, 171, 174, 175, "COMPARE"], [171, 171, 178, 181, "FEATURE-OF"], [174, 175, 178, 181, "FEATURE-OF"]]] | A92-1027 | train | [{"sentence": "We present an efficient algorithm for chart-based phrase structure parsing of natural language that is tailored to the problem of extracting specific information from unrestricted texts where many of the words are unknown and much of the text is irrelevant to the task .", "entities": [{"text": "algorithm... |
[[[23, 23], [55, 55], [97, 97], [123, 123], [137, 137], [157, 158]], [[25, 30], [95, 95], [135, 135]], [[37, 43], [77, 77]], [[3, 4], [18, 18], [113, 117]], [[7, 12], [148, 151]], [[109, 111], [145, 145], [164, 164]]] | [["Automatic", "estimation", "of", "word", "significance", "oriented", "for", "speech-based", "Information", "Retrieval", "-LRB-", "IR", "-RRB-", "is", "addressed", "."], ["Since", "the", "significance", "of", "words", "differs", "in", "IR", ",", "automatic", "speech", "recognition", "-LRB-", "ASR", "-RRB-", "performan... | [[[0, 4, "Task"], [3, 4, "OtherScientificTerm"], [7, 12, "Task"]], [[18, 18, "OtherScientificTerm"], [23, 23, "Task"], [25, 30, "Task"], [37, 43, "Metric"], [55, 55, "Task"], [59, 64, "Metric"]], [[73, 74, "Method"], [77, 77, "Metric"], [81, 83, "Method"], [95, 95, "Task"], [97, 97, "Task"]], [[109, 111, "Method"], [11... | [[[0, 4, 7, 12, "USED-FOR"]], [[37, 43, 25, 30, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [59, 64, 37, 43, "COMPARE"]], [[73, 74, 77, 77, "USED-FOR"], [81, 83, 73, 74, "USED-FOR"], [95, 95, 97, 97, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[109, 111, 113, 117, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[132, 133, 135, 135, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [132, 133, 137, 137, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [135, 135, 13... | I08-1027 | train | [{"sentence": "Automatic estimation of word significance oriented for speech-based Information Retrieval -LRB- IR -RRB- is addressed .", "entities": [{"text": "Automatic estimation of word significance", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "word significance", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "speech-based Information Re... |
[[[33, 33], [58, 58]], [[3, 4], [35, 36], [66, 67]]] | [["Methods", "developed", "for", "spelling", "correction", "for", "languages", "like", "English", "-LRB-", "see", "the", "review", "by", "Kukich", "-LRB-", "Kukich", ",", "1992", "-RRB-", "-RRB-", "are", "not", "readily", "applicable", "to", "agglutinative", "languages", "."], ["This", "poster", "presents", "an", "appr... | [[[0, 0, "Generic"], [3, 4, "Task"], [6, 6, "OtherScientificTerm"], [8, 8, "OtherScientificTerm"], [26, 27, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[33, 33, "Generic"], [35, 36, "Task"], [38, 39, "OtherScientificTerm"], [44, 45, "OtherScientificTerm"], [48, 51, "Method"]], [[58, 58, "Generic"], [66, 67, "Task"], [69, 69, "OtherScien... | [[[0, 0, 3, 4, "USED-FOR"], [3, 4, 6, 6, "USED-FOR"], [8, 8, 6, 6, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[33, 33, 35, 36, "USED-FOR"], [38, 39, 35, 36, "USED-FOR"], [44, 45, 35, 36, "USED-FOR"], [44, 45, 48, 51, "CONJUNCTION"], [48, 51, 35, 36, "USED-FOR"]], [[69, 69, 66, 67, "USED-FOR"]]] | A94-1037 | train | [{"sentence": "Methods developed for spelling correction for languages like English -LRB- see the review by Kukich -LRB- Kukich , 1992 -RRB- -RRB- are not readily applicable to agglutinative languages .", "entities": [{"text": "Methods", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "spelling correction", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "lan... |
[[[12, 15], [25, 25]], [[8, 9], [78, 79]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "present", "a", "novel", "training", "method", "for", "a", "localized", "phrase-based", "prediction", "model", "for", "statistical", "machine", "translation", "-LRB-", "SMT", "-RRB-", "."], ["The", "model", "predicts", "blocks", "with", "orientation", "to", "handle", "local", "phrase... | [[[8, 9, "Method"], [12, 15, "Method"], [17, 22, "Task"]], [[25, 25, "Generic"], [32, 34, "Task"]], [[39, 41, "OtherScientificTerm"], [45, 48, "Method"], [51, 52, "OtherScientificTerm"], [56, 58, "OtherScientificTerm"], [63, 64, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[78, 79, "Method"], [85, 85, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[89, 89, "... | [[[8, 9, 12, 15, "USED-FOR"], [12, 15, 17, 22, "USED-FOR"]], [[25, 25, 32, 34, "USED-FOR"]], [[39, 41, 45, 48, "USED-FOR"], [51, 52, 45, 48, "USED-FOR"], [51, 52, 63, 64, "CONJUNCTION"], [56, 58, 51, 52, "HYPONYM-OF"], [63, 64, 45, 48, "USED-FOR"]], [[85, 85, 78, 79, "USED-FOR"]], [[89, 89, 97, 97, "COMPARE"], [101, 10... | P05-1069 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we present a novel training method for a localized phrase-based prediction model for statistical machine translation -LRB- SMT -RRB- .", "entities": [{"text": "training method", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "localized phrase-based prediction model", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "statistical... |
[] | [["In", "this", "paper", "we", "describe", "a", "novel", "data", "structure", "for", "phrase-based", "statistical", "machine", "translation", "which", "allows", "for", "the", "retrieval", "of", "arbitrarily", "long", "phrases", "while", "simultaneously", "using", "less", "memory", "than", "is", "required", "by", "curre... | [[[7, 8, "OtherScientificTerm"], [10, 13, "Task"], [18, 22, "Task"], [27, 27, "OtherScientificTerm"], [33, 33, "Method"]], [[39, 40, "Metric"], [42, 44, "Metric"], [48, 49, "OtherScientificTerm"], [52, 55, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[60, 60, "Method"], [67, 68, "Metric"], [77, 78, "Metric"]]] | [[[7, 8, 10, 13, "USED-FOR"], [7, 8, 18, 22, "USED-FOR"]], [[39, 40, 42, 44, "CONJUNCTION"], [48, 49, 52, 55, "PART-OF"]], [[67, 68, 60, 60, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [77, 78, 60, 60, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | P05-1032 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper we describe a novel data structure for phrase-based statistical machine translation which allows for the retrieval of arbitrarily long phrases while simultaneously using less memory than is required by current decoder implementations .", "entities": [{"text": "data structure", "type": "Othe... |
[[[38, 42], [73, 76]], [[15, 21], [85, 85]], [[26, 31], [69, 71]]] | [["The", "major", "objective", "of", "this", "program", "is", "to", "develop", "and", "demonstrate", "robust", ",", "high", "performance", "continuous", "speech", "recognition", "-LRB-", "CSR", "-RRB-", "techniques", "focussed", "on", "application", "in", "Spoken", "Language", "Systems", "-LRB-", "SLS", "-RRB-", "which... | [[[15, 21, "Method"], [26, 31, "Task"], [38, 42, "Task"]], [[56, 60, "Task"], [69, 71, "Method"], [73, 76, "Task"], [85, 85, "Method"], [87, 91, "Task"]], [[100, 101, "Method"], [103, 104, "Method"], [107, 109, "Method"], [112, 113, "Method"], [119, 119, "Generic"], [123, 126, "Material"], [129, 131, "Task"]]] | [[[15, 21, 26, 31, "USED-FOR"], [26, 31, 38, 42, "USED-FOR"]], [[69, 71, 73, 76, "USED-FOR"], [85, 85, 87, 91, "USED-FOR"]], [[100, 101, 103, 104, "CONJUNCTION"], [100, 101, 112, 113, "USED-FOR"], [100, 101, 119, 119, "HYPONYM-OF"], [100, 101, 129, 131, "USED-FOR"], [103, 104, 107, 109, "CONJUNCTION"], [103, 104, 112, ... | H94-1102 | train | [{"sentence": "The major objective of this program is to develop and demonstrate robust , high performance continuous speech recognition -LRB- CSR -RRB- techniques focussed on application in Spoken Language Systems -LRB- SLS -RRB- which will enhance the effectiveness of military and civilian computer-based systems .", ... |
[[[29, 29], [37, 42]]] | [["This", "paper", "examines", "what", "kind", "of", "similarity", "between", "words", "can", "be", "represented", "by", "what", "kind", "of", "word", "vectors", "in", "the", "vector", "space", "model", "."], ["Through", "two", "experiments", ",", "three", "methods", "for", "constructing", "word", "vectors", ",", "i.e.... | [[[6, 8, "OtherScientificTerm"], [16, 17, "OtherScientificTerm"], [20, 22, "Method"]], [[29, 29, "Generic"], [31, 33, "Task"], [37, 42, "Method"], [56, 56, "Generic"], [60, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"], [63, 64, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[74, 76, "OtherScientificTerm"], [79, 80, "OtherScientificTerm"], [84, 89, "OtherSci... | [[[16, 17, 6, 8, "USED-FOR"], [20, 22, 16, 17, "USED-FOR"]], [[29, 29, 31, 33, "USED-FOR"], [37, 42, 56, 56, "USED-FOR"], [60, 61, 56, 56, "HYPONYM-OF"], [60, 61, 63, 64, "CONJUNCTION"], [63, 64, 56, 56, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[74, 76, 79, 80, "USED-FOR"], [84, 89, 92, 93, "USED-FOR"]]] | P06-2110 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper examines what kind of similarity between words can be represented by what kind of word vectors in the vector space model .", "entities": [{"text": "similarity between words", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "word vectors", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "vector space model",... |
[[[4, 8], [80, 80]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "maximum", "entropy", "word", "alignment", "algorithm", "for", "Arabic-English", "based", "on", "supervised", "training", "data", "."], ["We", "demonstrate", "that", "it", "is", "feasible", "to", "create", "training", "material", "for", "problems", "in", "machine", "translation", "an... | [[[4, 8, "Method"], [10, 10, "Material"], [13, 15, "Material"]], [[25, 26, "Material"], [30, 31, "Task"], [37, 40, "Method"]], [[46, 47, "Method"], [51, 51, "Task"], [55, 56, "Task"]], [[62, 64, "Method"], [73, 75, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[80, 80, "Generic"], [84, 85, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[10, 10, 4, 8, "USED-FOR"], [13, 15, 4, 8, "USED-FOR"]], [[25, 26, 30, 31, "USED-FOR"]], [[46, 47, 51, 51, "USED-FOR"], [46, 47, 55, 56, "USED-FOR"]], [[62, 64, 73, 75, "USED-FOR"]], [[80, 80, 84, 85, "COMPARE"]]] | H05-1012 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a maximum entropy word alignment algorithm for Arabic-English based on supervised training data .", "entities": [{"text": "maximum entropy word alignment algorithm", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "Arabic-English", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "supervised training data", "type": "Materi... |
[[[32, 37], [57, 58]], [[25, 30], [39, 39]], [[8, 9], [21, 21], [67, 68]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "propose", "a", "novel", "Cooperative", "Model", "for", "natural", "language", "understanding", "in", "a", "dialogue", "system", "."], ["We", "build", "this", "based", "on", "both", "Finite", "State", "Model", "-LRB-", "FSM", "-RRB-", "and", "Statistical", "Learning", "Model", "-LRB-... | [[[8, 9, "Method"], [11, 13, "Task"], [16, 17, "Task"]], [[21, 21, "Generic"], [25, 30, "Method"], [32, 37, "Method"]], [[39, 39, "Method"], [44, 45, "Task"]], [[57, 58, "Method"]], [[67, 68, "Method"]]] | [[[8, 9, 11, 13, "USED-FOR"], [11, 13, 16, 17, "USED-FOR"]], [[25, 30, 21, 21, "USED-FOR"], [25, 30, 32, 37, "CONJUNCTION"], [32, 37, 21, 21, "USED-FOR"]], [[39, 39, 44, 45, "USED-FOR"]], [], []] | N03-3010 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we propose a novel Cooperative Model for natural language understanding in a dialogue system .", "entities": [{"text": "Cooperative Model", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "natural language understanding", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "dialogue system", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "... |
[[[69, 72], [107, 107]], [[43, 45], [110, 112]], [[2, 3], [115, 116]]] | [["In", "the", "Chinese", "language", ",", "a", "verb", "may", "have", "its", "dependents", "on", "its", "left", ",", "right", "or", "on", "both", "sides", "."], ["The", "ambiguity", "resolution", "of", "right-side", "dependencies", "is", "essential", "for", "dependency", "parsing", "of", "sentences", "with", "two", "o... | [[[2, 3, "Material"]], [[22, 26, "Task"], [30, 31, "Task"]], [[43, 45, "Method"], [50, 50, "Metric"], [53, 54, "OtherScientificTerm"], [62, 63, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[69, 72, "Method"], [75, 76, "Method"]], [[79, 80, "OtherScientificTerm"], [82, 84, "OtherScientificTerm"], [92, 94, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[107, 1... | [[], [[22, 26, 30, 31, "USED-FOR"]], [[50, 50, 53, 54, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[75, 76, 69, 72, "USED-FOR"]], [[79, 80, 82, 84, "CONJUNCTION"], [92, 94, 82, 84, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[107, 107, 110, 112, "COMPARE"], [115, 116, 107, 107, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [115, 116, 110, 112, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [121, 122, 107, 107, "EVALUATE-FOR"],... | I05-2044 | train | [{"sentence": "In the Chinese language , a verb may have its dependents on its left , right or on both sides .", "entities": [{"text": "Chinese language", "type": "Material"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "The ambiguity resolution of right-side dependencies is essential for dependency parsing of sentences with two o... |
[[[31, 31], [32, 32]]] | [["In", "order", "to", "meet", "the", "needs", "of", "a", "publication", "of", "papers", "in", "English", ",", "many", "systems", "to", "run", "off", "texts", "have", "been", "developed", "."], ["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "report", "a", "system", "FROFF", "which", "can", "make", "a", "fair", "copy", "of", "not",... | [[], [[31, 31, "Generic"], [32, 32, "Method"]], [[68, 69, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [], [[101, 101, "OtherScientificTerm"], [103, 103, "OtherScientificTerm"], [116, 117, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[], [], [], [], [[101, 101, 103, 103, "CONJUNCTION"], [101, 101, 116, 117, "USED-FOR"], [103, 103, 116, 117, "USED-FOR"]]] | C80-1039 | train | [{"sentence": "In order to meet the needs of a publication of papers in English , many systems to run off texts have been developed .", "entities": [], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "In this paper , we report a system FROFF which can make a fair copy of not only texts but also graphs and tables indispensable to our pa... |
[[[4, 5], [69, 69], [103, 103]], [[8, 10], [33, 33]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "an", "evaluation", "method", "employing", "a", "latent", "variable", "model", "for", "paraphrases", "with", "their", "contexts", "."], ["We", "assume", "that", "the", "context", "of", "a", "sentence", "is", "indicated", "by", "a", "latent", "variable", "of", "the", "model", "as", "a", "t... | [[[4, 5, "Generic"], [8, 10, "Method"], [12, 12, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[29, 30, "OtherScientificTerm"], [33, 33, "Generic"]], [[49, 49, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[69, 69, "Generic"]], [[97, 97, "Metric"], [103, 103, "Generic"], [107, 108, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[4, 5, 12, 12, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [8, 10, 4, 5, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [], [[97, 97, 103, 103, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [107, 108, 103, 103, "USED-FOR"]]] | I05-5009 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents an evaluation method employing a latent variable model for paraphrases with their contexts .", "entities": [{"text": "evaluation method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "latent variable model", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "paraphrases", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}], "relations": [{"h... |
[[[3, 3], [24, 24], [53, 54]], [[59, 59], [84, 84]], [[17, 20], [98, 98]]] | [["We", "describe", "the", "methods", "and", "hardware", "that", "we", "are", "using", "to", "produce", "a", "real-time", "demonstration", "of", "an", "integrated", "Spoken", "Language", "System", "."], ["We", "describe", "algorithms", "that", "greatly", "reduce", "the", "computation", "needed", "to", "compute", "the",... | [[[3, 3, "Generic"], [5, 5, "Generic"], [17, 20, "Method"]], [[24, 24, "Generic"], [34, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[40, 42, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 50, "Method"]], [[53, 54, "Method"], [59, 59, "OtherScientificTerm"], [63, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [76, 77, "OtherScientificTerm"], [79, 81, "OtherScientificTer... | [[[3, 3, 5, 5, "CONJUNCTION"], [3, 3, 17, 20, "USED-FOR"], [5, 5, 17, 20, "USED-FOR"]], [[24, 24, 34, 36, "USED-FOR"]], [[46, 50, 40, 42, "USED-FOR"]], [[59, 59, 53, 54, "USED-FOR"], [63, 65, 59, 59, "PART-OF"], [63, 65, 76, 77, "COMPARE"], [63, 65, 79, 81, "USED-FOR"], [76, 77, 79, 81, "USED-FOR"]], [[84, 84, 98, 98, ... | H90-1016 | train | [{"sentence": "We describe the methods and hardware that we are using to produce a real-time demonstration of an integrated Spoken Language System .", "entities": [{"text": "methods", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "hardware", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "integrated Spoken Language System", "type": "Method"}], "relation... |
[[[21, 24], [37, 37], [68, 68], [115, 115]]] | [["We", "address", "the", "problem", "of", "estimating", "location", "information", "of", "an", "image", "using", "principles", "from", "automated", "representation", "learning", "."], ["We", "pursue", "a", "hierarchical", "sparse", "coding", "approach", "that", "learns", "features", "useful", "in", "discriminating", "... | [[[5, 7, "Task"], [10, 10, "Material"], [14, 16, "Method"]], [[21, 24, "Method"], [27, 27, "OtherScientificTerm"], [37, 37, "Generic"], [40, 41, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 48, "OtherScientificTerm"], [52, 54, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 62, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[68, 68, "Generic"], [75, 77, "OtherScientificTerm... | [[[10, 10, 5, 7, "USED-FOR"], [14, 16, 5, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [[40, 41, 37, 37, "USED-FOR"], [59, 62, 40, 41, "USED-FOR"]], [[68, 68, 75, 77, "USED-FOR"], [80, 80, 75, 77, "HYPONYM-OF"], [80, 80, 82, 82, "CONJUNCTION"], [82, 82, 75, 77, "HYPONYM-OF"], [96, 97, 105, 107, "USED-FOR"]], [[119, 119, 115, 115, "EVALUATE-FOR"],... | CVPR_2015_300_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We address the problem of estimating location information of an image using principles from automated representation learning .", "entities": [{"text": "estimating location information", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "image", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "automated representation learning", "type": "Method"... |
[] | [["Conventional", "HMMs", "have", "weak", "duration", "constraints", "."], ["In", "noisy", "conditions", ",", "the", "mismatch", "between", "corrupted", "speech", "signals", "and", "models", "trained", "on", "clean", "speech", "may", "cause", "the", "decoder", "to", "produce", "word", "matches", "with", "unrealistic", ... | [[[1, 1, "Method"], [3, 5, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[14, 16, "Material"], [18, 18, "Generic"], [21, 22, "Material"], [26, 26, "Method"], [29, 30, "OtherScientificTerm"], [32, 33, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[43, 45, "OtherScientificTerm"], [47, 48, "Method"], [52, 52, "OtherScientificTerm"], [54, 56, "OtherScientificTer... | [[[3, 5, 1, 1, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[21, 22, 18, 18, "USED-FOR"], [26, 26, 29, 30, "USED-FOR"], [32, 33, 29, 30, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[47, 48, 43, 45, "USED-FOR"], [47, 48, 52, 52, "USED-FOR"], [54, 56, 62, 63, "USED-FOR"]], [[72, 73, 67, 67, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[77, 78, 87, 87, "USED-FOR"], [84, 85, 87, 87, "USED-FOR"], [87, 87... | INTERSPEECH_2007_21_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Conventional HMMs have weak duration constraints .", "entities": [{"text": "HMMs", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "weak duration constraints", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}], "relations": [{"head": "weak duration constraints", "tail": "HMMs", "label": "FEATURE-OF", "head_type": "OtherScientificTerm", "tail... |
[[[9, 11], [53, 55]]] | [["Soames", "1979", "provides", "some", "counterexamples", "to", "the", "theory", "of", "natural", "language", "presuppositions", "that", "is", "presented", "in", "Gazdar", "1979", "."], ["Soames", "1982", "provides", "a", "theory", "which", "explains", "these", "counterexamples", "."], ["Mercer", "1987", "rejects", "t... | [[[9, 11, "Task"]], [], [], [[53, 55, "Task"], [70, 71, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[], [], [], []] | C88-2086 | train | [{"sentence": "Soames 1979 provides some counterexamples to the theory of natural language presuppositions that is presented in Gazdar 1979 .", "entities": [{"text": "natural language presuppositions", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Soames 1982 provides a theory which explains these counterexamples .... |
[[[44, 47], [57, 57]], [[6, 8], [11, 11]], [[14, 20], [59, 59]]] | [["One", "of", "the", "claimed", "benefits", "of", "Tree", "Adjoining", "Grammars", "is", "that", "they", "have", "an", "extended", "domain", "of", "locality", "-LRB-", "EDOL", "-RRB-", "."], ["We", "consider", "how", "this", "can", "be", "exploited", "to", "limit", "the", "need", "for", "feature", "structure", "unific... | [[[6, 8, "Method"], [11, 11, "Generic"], [14, 20, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[34, 36, "Method"], [38, 38, "Task"]], [[44, 47, "Method"], [49, 49, "Method"], [51, 51, "Method"], [57, 57, "Method"], [59, 59, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[6, 8, 14, 20, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[34, 36, 38, 38, "USED-FOR"]], [[49, 49, 44, 47, "HYPONYM-OF"], [49, 49, 51, 51, "COMPARE"], [51, 51, 44, 47, "HYPONYM-OF"], [57, 57, 59, 59, "USED-FOR"]]] | E99-1029 | train | [{"sentence": "One of the claimed benefits of Tree Adjoining Grammars is that they have an extended domain of locality -LRB- EDOL -RRB- .", "entities": [{"text": "Tree Adjoining Grammars", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "they", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "extended domain of locality -LRB- EDOL -RRB-", "type": "OtherScie... |
[[[75, 75], [167, 167], [182, 182], [187, 187]], [[59, 60], [93, 93], [172, 173]], [[20, 20], [24, 24]], [[0, 1], [54, 54], [108, 109]]] | [["Identity", "uncertainty", "is", "a", "pervasive", "problem", "in", "real-world", "data", "analysis", "."], ["It", "arises", "whenever", "objects", "are", "not", "labeled", "with", "unique", "identifiers", "or", "when", "those", "identifiers", "may", "not", "be", "perceived", "perfectly", "."], ["In", "such", "cases"... | [[[0, 1, "Task"], [7, 9, "Task"]], [[20, 20, "Generic"], [24, 24, "Generic"]], [], [[54, 54, "Generic"], [59, 60, "Task"], [67, 67, "OtherScientificTerm"], [72, 72, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[75, 75, "Generic"], [83, 85, "Method"], [89, 90, "Method"], [93, 93, "Generic"], [96, 101, "Method"], [104, 106, "Method"]], [[1... | [[[0, 1, 7, 9, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [], [], [], [[83, 85, 75, 75, "USED-FOR"], [83, 85, 89, 90, "USED-FOR"], [89, 90, 93, 93, "USED-FOR"], [96, 101, 83, 85, "PART-OF"], [96, 101, 104, 106, "CONJUNCTION"], [104, 106, 83, 85, "PART-OF"]], [[115, 115, 108, 109, "USED-FOR"]], [[138, 141, 134, 134, "USED-FOR"], [146, 146, 134, 1... | NIPS_2002_10_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Identity uncertainty is a pervasive problem in real-world data analysis .", "entities": [{"text": "Identity uncertainty", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "real-world data analysis", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "Identity uncertainty", "tail": "real-world data analysis", "label": "HYPONYM-OF", "head... |
[[[52, 56], [91, 91]], [[72, 74], [82, 82]]] | [["The", "paper", "proposes", "and", "empirically", "motivates", "an", "integration", "of", "supervised", "learning", "with", "unsupervised", "learning", "to", "deal", "with", "human", "biases", "in", "summarization", "."], ["In", "particular", ",", "we", "explore", "the", "use", "of", "probabilistic", "decision", "tre... | [[[9, 10, "Method"], [12, 13, "Method"], [17, 20, "Task"]], [[30, 32, "OtherScientificTerm"], [35, 36, "Method"], [47, 49, "Material"]], [[52, 56, "Material"], [61, 62, "Material"]], [[72, 74, "OtherScientificTerm"], [82, 82, "Generic"], [85, 86, "Method"]], [[91, 91, "Generic"]]] | [[[9, 10, 17, 20, "USED-FOR"], [12, 13, 9, 10, "CONJUNCTION"], [12, 13, 17, 20, "USED-FOR"]], [[35, 36, 30, 32, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[61, 62, 52, 56, "USED-FOR"]], [[85, 86, 82, 82, "CONJUNCTION"]], []] | P02-1059 | train | [{"sentence": "The paper proposes and empirically motivates an integration of supervised learning with unsupervised learning to deal with human biases in summarization .", "entities": [{"text": "supervised learning", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "unsupervised learning", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "human biases in summa... |
[[[7, 8], [53, 53], [110, 110]]] | [["In", "this", "study", ",", "we", "propose", "a", "knowledge-independent", "method", "for", "aligning", "terms", "and", "thus", "extracting", "translations", "from", "a", "small", ",", "domain-specific", "corpus", "consisting", "of", "parallel", "English", "and", "Chinese", "court", "judgments", "from", "Hong", "Kong... | [[[7, 8, "Method"], [18, 21, "Material"], [24, 29, "Material"]], [[36, 37, "Material"], [39, 40, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 47, "Generic"], [49, 50, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[53, 53, "Generic"], [59, 60, "Method"], [63, 64, "Material"], [70, 71, "Method"], [76, 77, "Material"]], [[83, 84, "Material"], [99, 99, "Metr... | [[[24, 29, 18, 21, "PART-OF"]], [[36, 37, 39, 40, "USED-FOR"], [46, 47, 49, 50, "PART-OF"]], [[53, 53, 59, 60, "COMPARE"], [53, 53, 70, 71, "COMPARE"], [63, 64, 59, 60, "USED-FOR"], [76, 77, 70, 71, "USED-FOR"]], [[99, 99, 103, 103, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[121, 122, 124, 125, "USED-FOR"]]] | W02-1404 | train | [{"sentence": "In this study , we propose a knowledge-independent method for aligning terms and thus extracting translations from a small , domain-specific corpus consisting of parallel English and Chinese court judgments from Hong Kong .", "entities": [{"text": "knowledge-independent method", "type": "Method"}, {"text... |
[[[0, 1], [35, 35]]] | [["Sentiment", "Classification", "seeks", "to", "identify", "a", "piece", "of", "text", "according", "to", "its", "author", "'s", "general", "feeling", "toward", "their", "subject", ",", "be", "it", "positive", "or", "negative", "."], ["Traditional", "machine", "learning", "techniques", "have", "been", "applied", "to",... | [[[0, 1, "Task"]], [[27, 29, "Method"], [35, 35, "Generic"], [57, 60, "Material"]], [[86, 87, "Material"], [90, 90, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[], [[27, 29, 35, 35, "USED-FOR"]], [[90, 90, 86, 87, "FEATURE-OF"]]] | P05-2008 | train | [{"sentence": "Sentiment Classification seeks to identify a piece of text according to its author 's general feeling toward their subject , be it positive or negative .", "entities": [{"text": "Sentiment Classification", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Traditional machine learning techniques have been... |
[[[82, 82], [111, 111]], [[4, 4], [91, 91], [136, 136]]] | [["We", "present", "a", "novel", "algorithm", "for", "estimating", "the", "broad", "3D", "geometric", "structure", "of", "outdoor", "video", "scenes", "."], ["Leveraging", "spatio-temporal", "video", "segmentation", ",", "we", "decompose", "a", "dynamic", "scene", "captured", "by", "a", "video", "into", "geometric", "c... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [9, 15, "Task"]], [[18, 20, "Method"], [25, 26, "OtherScientificTerm"], [32, 33, "OtherScientificTerm"], [40, 40, "Method"], [45, 48, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[63, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [72, 74, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[82, 82, "Generic"], [84, 87, "OtherScientificTerm"], [91, 91, "Generic... | [[[4, 4, 9, 15, "USED-FOR"]], [[18, 20, 25, 26, "USED-FOR"], [32, 33, 25, 26, "PART-OF"], [40, 40, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"], [45, 48, 40, 40, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[82, 82, 91, 91, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [84, 87, 82, 82, "FEATURE-OF"], [98, 100, 82, 82, "PART-OF"]], [[116, 118, 124, 125, "USED-FOR"], [127, 129, 116, 118, "USED-FOR"]... | CVPR_2013_10_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We present a novel algorithm for estimating the broad 3D geometric structure of outdoor video scenes .", "entities": [{"text": "algorithm", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "3D geometric structure of outdoor video scenes", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "algorithm", "tail": "3D geometric structure ... |
[[[4, 4], [6, 6], [20, 20], [32, 32], [62, 62]]] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "a", "system", "-LRB-", "RAREAS", "-RRB-", "which", "synthesizes", "marine", "weather", "forecasts", "directly", "from", "formatted", "weather", "data", "."], ["Such", "synthesis", "appears", "feasible", "in", "certain", "natural", "sublanguages", "with", "stereotyped", "text", "structur... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 6, "Method"], [10, 12, "Task"], [15, 17, "Material"]], [[20, 20, "Generic"], [25, 30, "Material"]], [[32, 32, "Method"], [38, 41, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[62, 62, "Generic"], [69, 72, "Material"]]] | [[[4, 4, 10, 12, "USED-FOR"], [15, 17, 4, 4, "USED-FOR"]], [[25, 30, 20, 20, "USED-FOR"]], [[38, 41, 32, 32, "USED-FOR"]], [[69, 72, 62, 62, "USED-FOR"]]] | C86-1132 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes a system -LRB- RAREAS -RRB- which synthesizes marine weather forecasts directly from formatted weather data .", "entities": [{"text": "system", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "RAREAS", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "marine weather forecasts", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "formatted weather ... |
[[[80, 81], [110, 110]], [[48, 49], [85, 85]], [[3, 4], [12, 12]]] | [["When", "people", "use", "natural", "language", "in", "natural", "settings", ",", "they", "often", "use", "it", "ungrammatically", ",", "missing", "out", "or", "repeating", "words", ",", "breaking-off", "and", "restarting", ",", "speaking", "in", "fragments", ",", "etc.", "."], ["Their", "human", "listeners", "are", ... | [[[3, 4, "OtherScientificTerm"], [12, 12, "Generic"]], [], [[48, 49, "Method"], [53, 55, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[80, 81, "OtherScientificTerm"], [85, 85, "Generic"]], [[95, 95, "Method"], [98, 100, "Method"], [110, 110, "Generic"], [112, 114, "OtherScientificTerm"], [118, 120, "Method"]]] | [[], [], [], [], [[95, 95, 98, 100, "HYPONYM-OF"], [98, 100, 110, 110, "USED-FOR"], [110, 110, 112, 114, "FEATURE-OF"], [110, 110, 118, 120, "PART-OF"], [112, 114, 98, 100, "USED-FOR"]]] | P80-1026 | train | [{"sentence": "When people use natural language in natural settings , they often use it ungrammatically , missing out or repeating words , breaking-off and restarting , speaking in fragments , etc. .", "entities": [{"text": "natural language", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "it", "type": "Generic"}], "relatio... |
[[[94, 94], [118, 118], [140, 140]], [[0, 1], [69, 70]]] | [["Oral", "communication", "is", "ubiquitous", "and", "carries", "important", "information", "yet", "it", "is", "also", "time", "consuming", "to", "document", "."], ["Given", "the", "development", "of", "storage", "media", "and", "networks", "one", "could", "just", "record", "and", "store", "a", "conversation", "for", ... | [[[0, 1, "Material"]], [[21, 24, "Task"], [32, 32, "Material"]], [], [[56, 58, "Method"], [61, 63, "Method"], [66, 67, "Method"], [69, 70, "Material"]], [[94, 94, "OtherScientificTerm"], [97, 97, "OtherScientificTerm"], [99, 99, "OtherScientificTerm"], [101, 101, "OtherScientificTerm"], [103, 103, "OtherScientificTerm"... | [[], [], [], [[61, 63, 56, 58, "USED-FOR"], [61, 63, 66, 67, "USED-FOR"]], [[97, 97, 94, 94, "HYPONYM-OF"], [97, 97, 99, 99, "CONJUNCTION"], [99, 99, 94, 94, "HYPONYM-OF"], [99, 99, 101, 101, "CONJUNCTION"], [101, 101, 94, 94, "HYPONYM-OF"], [101, 101, 103, 103, "CONJUNCTION"], [103, 103, 94, 94, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[118,... | H01-1001 | train | [{"sentence": "Oral communication is ubiquitous and carries important information yet it is also time consuming to document .", "entities": [{"text": "Oral communication", "type": "Material"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Given the development of storage media and networks one could just record and store a conversa... |
[[[0, 3], [30, 30], [46, 46], [72, 72], [77, 77]]] | [["Taiwan", "Child", "Language", "Corpus", "contains", "scripts", "transcribed", "from", "about", "330", "hours", "of", "recordings", "of", "fourteen", "young", "children", "from", "Southern", "Min", "Chinese", "speaking", "families", "in", "Taiwan", "."], ["The", "format", "of", "the", "corpus", "adopts", "the", "Chil... | [[[0, 3, "Material"]], [[30, 30, "Generic"], [33, 40, "Material"]], [[46, 46, "Generic"]], [[59, 60, "Task"], [62, 62, "Task"], [64, 65, "Task"], [68, 69, "Task"], [72, 72, "Generic"]], [[77, 77, "Generic"]]] | [[], [[33, 40, 30, 30, "FEATURE-OF"]], [], [[59, 60, 62, 62, "CONJUNCTION"], [59, 60, 72, 72, "USED-FOR"], [62, 62, 64, 65, "CONJUNCTION"], [62, 62, 72, 72, "USED-FOR"], [64, 65, 68, 69, "CONJUNCTION"], [64, 65, 72, 72, "USED-FOR"], [68, 69, 72, 72, "USED-FOR"]], []] | I05-4008 | train | [{"sentence": "Taiwan Child Language Corpus contains scripts transcribed from about 330 hours of recordings of fourteen young children from Southern Min Chinese speaking families in Taiwan .", "entities": [{"text": "Taiwan Child Language Corpus", "type": "Material"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "The format of the c... |
[[[33, 37], [43, 43], [52, 52]], [[55, 56], [91, 92]], [[21, 21], [48, 48]], [[14, 17], [24, 24]]] | [["This", "paper", "shows", "how", "dictionary", "word", "sense", "definitions", "can", "be", "analysed", "by", "applying", "a", "hierarchy", "of", "phrasal", "patterns", "."], ["An", "experimental", "system", "embodying", "this", "mechanism", "has", "been", "implemented", "for", "processing", "definitions", "from", "t... | [[[4, 7, "OtherScientificTerm"], [14, 17, "Method"]], [[21, 21, "Generic"], [24, 24, "Generic"], [33, 37, "Material"]], [[43, 43, "Generic"], [48, 48, "Generic"], [52, 52, "Generic"], [55, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[77, 81, "Task"], [91, 92, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [], [[122, 124, ... | [[[14, 17, 4, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [[24, 24, 21, 21, "PART-OF"]], [[55, 56, 52, 52, "USED-FOR"], [55, 56, 59, 61, "USED-FOR"]], [[91, 92, 77, 81, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [], [[175, 176, 181, 184, "FEATURE-OF"], [189, 190, 175, 176, "HYPONYM-OF"], [193, 197, 175, 176, "HYPONYM-OF"]]] | J87-3001 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper shows how dictionary word sense definitions can be analysed by applying a hierarchy of phrasal patterns .", "entities": [{"text": "dictionary word sense definitions", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "hierarchy of phrasal patterns", "type": "Method"}], "relations": [{"head": "hierarchy... |
[[[57, 57], [85, 85]], [[4, 6], [46, 46], [98, 98]], [[71, 73], [83, 83]], [[69, 69], [81, 81]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "word", "segmentation", "system", "in", "France", "Telecom", "R&D", "Beijing", ",", "which", "uses", "a", "unified", "approach", "to", "word", "breaking", "and", "OOV", "identification", "."], ["The", "output", "can", "be", "customized", "to", "meet", "different", "segmentation", "st... | [[[4, 6, "Method"], [17, 17, "Generic"], [19, 20, "Task"], [22, 23, "Task"]], [], [[46, 46, "Generic"], [54, 55, "OtherScientificTerm"], [57, 57, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 59, "OtherScientificTerm"], [61, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"], [63, 63, "OtherScientificTerm"], [65, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [67, 67, "OtherSci... | [[[17, 17, 4, 6, "USED-FOR"], [17, 17, 19, 20, "USED-FOR"], [17, 17, 22, 23, "USED-FOR"], [19, 20, 22, 23, "CONJUNCTION"]], [], [[57, 57, 54, 55, "HYPONYM-OF"], [57, 57, 59, 59, "CONJUNCTION"], [59, 59, 54, 55, "HYPONYM-OF"], [59, 59, 61, 61, "CONJUNCTION"], [61, 61, 54, 55, "HYPONYM-OF"], [61, 61, 63, 63, "CONJUNCTION... | I05-3022 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a word segmentation system in France Telecom R&D Beijing , which uses a unified approach to word breaking and OOV identification .", "entities": [{"text": "word segmentation system", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "approach", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "word breaking", "type": "Task"},... |
[[[25, 25], [38, 38], [47, 47]], [[4, 4], [18, 18]]] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "a", "method", "of", "interactively", "visualizing", "and", "directing", "the", "process", "of", "translating", "a", "sentence", "."], ["The", "method", "allows", "a", "user", "to", "explore", "a", "model", "of", "syntax-based", "statistical", "machine", "translation", "-LRB-", "MT", "-R... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 13, "Task"]], [[18, 18, "Generic"], [25, 25, "Generic"], [27, 33, "Task"], [38, 38, "Generic"], [47, 47, "Generic"], [50, 51, "Method"]], [[55, 56, "Method"], [69, 70, "Method"]], [[86, 87, "Method"]]] | [[[4, 4, 6, 13, "USED-FOR"]], [[18, 18, 25, 25, "USED-FOR"], [25, 25, 27, 33, "USED-FOR"], [47, 47, 50, 51, "COMPARE"]], [[55, 56, 69, 70, "USED-FOR"]], []] | P05-3025 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes a method of interactively visualizing and directing the process of translating a sentence .", "entities": [{"text": "method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "interactively visualizing and directing the process of translating", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "method", "tail": ... |
[[[11, 11], [43, 43], [197, 197]]] | [["A", "method", "of", "sense", "resolution", "is", "proposed", "that", "is", "based", "on", "WordNet", ",", "an", "on-line", "lexical", "database", "that", "incorporates", "semantic", "relations", "-LRB-", "synonymy", ",", "antonymy", ",", "hyponymy", ",", "meronymy", ",", "causal", "and", "troponymic", "entailment", ... | [[[1, 1, "Generic"], [3, 4, "Task"], [11, 11, "Material"], [14, 16, "Material"], [19, 20, "OtherScientificTerm"], [22, 22, "OtherScientificTerm"], [24, 24, "OtherScientificTerm"], [26, 26, "OtherScientificTerm"], [28, 28, "OtherScientificTerm"], [30, 33, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[43, 43, "Material"], [52, 54, "OtherSc... | [[[1, 1, 3, 4, "USED-FOR"], [11, 11, 1, 1, "USED-FOR"], [11, 11, 14, 16, "HYPONYM-OF"], [19, 20, 11, 11, "PART-OF"], [22, 22, 19, 20, "HYPONYM-OF"], [22, 22, 24, 24, "CONJUNCTION"], [24, 24, 19, 20, "HYPONYM-OF"], [24, 24, 26, 26, "CONJUNCTION"], [26, 26, 19, 20, "HYPONYM-OF"], [26, 26, 28, 28, "CONJUNCTION"], [28, 28,... | H91-1077 | train | [{"sentence": "A method of sense resolution is proposed that is based on WordNet , an on-line lexical database that incorporates semantic relations -LRB- synonymy , antonymy , hyponymy , meronymy , causal and troponymic entailment -RRB- as labeled pointers between word senses .", "entities": [{"text": "method", "type":... |
[[[61, 62], [78, 79], [110, 111]], [[57, 57], [82, 82], [114, 114], [180, 180]], [[4, 4], [19, 20]], [[1, 2], [101, 102]], [[130, 130], [174, 174]]] | [["The", "interlingual", "approach", "to", "MT", "has", "been", "repeatedly", "advocated", "by", "researchers", "originally", "interested", "in", "natural", "language", "understanding", "who", "take", "machine", "translation", "to", "be", "one", "possible", "application", "."], ["However", ",", "not", "only", "the", "a... | [[[1, 2, "Method"], [4, 4, "Generic"], [14, 16, "Task"], [19, 20, "Task"]], [], [[57, 57, "Method"], [61, 62, "Method"], [68, 68, "Task"]], [[78, 79, "Generic"], [82, 82, "Generic"], [84, 84, "Material"], [86, 86, "Material"], [101, 102, "Method"]], [[110, 111, "Generic"], [114, 114, "Generic"]], [[130, 130, "Generic"]... | [[[1, 2, 4, 4, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[57, 57, 68, 68, "USED-FOR"], [61, 62, 57, 57, "USED-FOR"]], [[78, 79, 82, 82, "PART-OF"]], [[110, 111, 114, 114, "PART-OF"]], [[145, 148, 130, 130, "PART-OF"], [145, 148, 152, 154, "CONJUNCTION"], [152, 154, 130, 130, "PART-OF"], [152, 154, 158, 160, "CONJUNCTION"], [158, 160, 130, 13... | C86-1021 | train | [{"sentence": "The interlingual approach to MT has been repeatedly advocated by researchers originally interested in natural language understanding who take machine translation to be one possible application .", "entities": [{"text": "interlingual approach", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "MT", "type": "Generic"}, {"text"... |
[[[9, 9], [26, 26]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", "discourse", "segments", "are", "defined", "and", "a", "method", "for", "discourse", "segmentation", "primarily", "based", "on", "abduction", "of", "temporal", "relations", "between", "segments", "is", "proposed", "."], ["This", "method", "is", "precise", "and", "computationally", "feasible", "... | [[[3, 4, "OtherScientificTerm"], [9, 9, "Generic"], [11, 12, "Task"], [16, 19, "Task"]], [[26, 26, "Generic"], [42, 44, "Task"]]] | [[[9, 9, 11, 12, "USED-FOR"], [16, 19, 11, 12, "USED-FOR"]], [[42, 44, 26, 26, "USED-FOR"]]] | C92-1052 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper discourse segments are defined and a method for discourse segmentation primarily based on abduction of temporal relations between segments is proposed .", "entities": [{"text": "discourse segments", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "discourse s... |
[[[17, 18], [55, 55]]] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "to", "what", "extent", "deep", "processing", "may", "benefit", "from", "shallow", "techniques", "and", "it", "presents", "a", "NLP", "system", "which", "integrates", "a", "linguistic", "PoS", "tagger", "and", "chunker", "as", "a", "preprocessing", "module", "of", "a", "broad", "coverage... | [[[6, 7, "Task"], [11, 12, "Method"], [17, 18, "Method"], [22, 26, "Method"], [33, 39, "Method"]], [[55, 55, "Generic"], [58, 58, "Metric"], [61, 62, "Task"], [67, 67, "Metric"], [70, 70, "Metric"]]] | [[[11, 12, 6, 7, "USED-FOR"], [22, 26, 33, 39, "PART-OF"], [33, 39, 17, 18, "USED-FOR"]], [[55, 55, 61, 62, "USED-FOR"], [58, 58, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [67, 67, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [67, 67, 70, 70, "CONJUNCTION"], [70, 70, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | C02-1071 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes to what extent deep processing may benefit from shallow techniques and it presents a NLP system which integrates a linguistic PoS tagger and chunker as a preprocessing module of a broad coverage unification based grammar of Spanish .", "entities": [{"text": "deep processing", "type":... |
[[[32, 33], [58, 58], [88, 88]], [[0, 2], [76, 77], [153, 154]], [[71, 72], [97, 97], [117, 117]]] | [["Joint", "image", "filters", "can", "leverage", "the", "guidance", "image", "as", "a", "prior", "and", "transfer", "the", "structural", "details", "from", "the", "guidance", "image", "to", "the", "target", "image", "for", "suppressing", "noise", "or", "enhancing", "spatial", "resolution", "."], ["Existing", "methods"... | [[[0, 2, "Method"], [6, 7, "Material"], [18, 19, "Material"], [25, 26, "Task"], [28, 30, "Task"]], [[32, 33, "Generic"], [39, 41, "Method"], [43, 45, "Method"]], [[58, 58, "Generic"], [61, 62, "Generic"]], [[71, 72, "Method"], [76, 77, "Method"], [80, 82, "Method"]], [[88, 88, "Generic"], [93, 94, "Material"], [97, 97,... | [[[0, 2, 25, 26, "USED-FOR"], [0, 2, 28, 30, "USED-FOR"], [6, 7, 0, 2, "USED-FOR"], [25, 26, 28, 30, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[39, 41, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"], [39, 41, 43, 45, "CONJUNCTION"], [43, 45, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"]], [[61, 62, 58, 58, "USED-FOR"]], [[71, 72, 76, 77, "USED-FOR"], [80, 82, 71, 72, "USED-FOR"]], [[88, 88, 97,... | ECCV_2016_215_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Joint image filters can leverage the guidance image as a prior and transfer the structural details from the guidance image to the target image for suppressing noise or enhancing spatial resolution .", "entities": [{"text": "Joint image filters", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "guidance image", "type": "Mate... |
[[[15, 18], [24, 25]]] | [["In", "our", "current", "research", "into", "the", "design", "of", "cognitively", "well-motivated", "interfaces", "relying", "primarily", "on", "the", "display", "of", "graphical", "information", ",", "we", "have", "observed", "that", "graphical", "information", "alone", "does", "not", "provide", "sufficient", "suppo... | [[[8, 10, "Task"], [15, 18, "OtherScientificTerm"], [24, 25, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [], [[84, 86, "Task"], [90, 90, "Generic"]]] | [[[15, 18, 8, 10, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[84, 86, 90, 90, "USED-FOR"]]] | A92-1010 | train | [{"sentence": "In our current research into the design of cognitively well-motivated interfaces relying primarily on the display of graphical information , we have observed that graphical information alone does not provide sufficient support to users - particularly when situations arise that do not simply conform to th... |
[[[29, 29], [62, 62]], [[14, 16], [107, 109]], [[4, 9], [130, 131]]] | [["A", "central", "problem", "of", "word", "sense", "disambiguation", "-LRB-", "WSD", "-RRB-", "is", "the", "lack", "of", "manually", "sense-tagged", "data", "required", "for", "supervised", "learning", "."], ["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "evaluate", "an", "approach", "to", "automatically", "acquire", "sense-tagge... | [[[4, 9, "Task"], [14, 16, "Material"], [19, 20, "Method"]], [[29, 29, "Generic"], [33, 35, "Material"], [37, 39, "Material"], [48, 48, "OtherScientificTerm"], [51, 55, "Material"]], [[62, 62, "Generic"], [64, 66, "Task"]], [[77, 78, "OtherScientificTerm"], [81, 81, "Metric"], [107, 109, "Material"], [113, 114, "Metric... | [[[14, 16, 19, 20, "USED-FOR"]], [[29, 29, 33, 35, "USED-FOR"], [29, 29, 48, 48, "USED-FOR"], [37, 39, 33, 35, "USED-FOR"], [48, 48, 51, 55, "PART-OF"]], [[62, 62, 64, 66, "USED-FOR"]], [[113, 114, 107, 109, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[126, 127, 129, 131, "FEATURE-OF"]]] | P03-1058 | train | [{"sentence": "A central problem of word sense disambiguation -LRB- WSD -RRB- is the lack of manually sense-tagged data required for supervised learning .", "entities": [{"text": "word sense disambiguation -LRB- WSD -RRB-", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "manually sense-tagged data", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "supervise... |
[[[6, 7], [60, 60], [117, 117]], [[20, 22], [123, 123]], [[114, 114], [131, 131]], [[82, 82], [85, 87]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "an", "analysis", "of", "temporal", "anaphora", "in", "sentences", "which", "contain", "quantification", "over", "events", ",", "within", "the", "framework", "of", "Discourse", "Representation", "Theory", "."], ["The", "analysis", "in", "-LRB-", "Partee", ",", "1984", "-RRB-", "of", "quan... | [[[6, 7, "Task"], [12, 14, "OtherScientificTerm"], [20, 22, "Method"]], [[33, 34, "Material"], [39, 40, "OtherScientificTerm"], [48, 49, "OtherScientificTerm"], [52, 53, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[60, 60, "Generic"], [77, 78, "OtherScientificTerm"], [82, 82, "Generic"], [85, 87, "Method"]], [[99, 100, "OtherScientificT... | [[[12, 14, 6, 7, "PART-OF"], [20, 22, 6, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [[48, 49, 52, 53, "PART-OF"]], [[85, 87, 60, 60, "USED-FOR"]], [[114, 114, 117, 117, "USED-FOR"], [123, 123, 117, 117, "USED-FOR"]], [[131, 131, 134, 136, "USED-FOR"], [138, 139, 131, 131, "USED-FOR"]]] | E95-1036 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents an analysis of temporal anaphora in sentences which contain quantification over events , within the framework of Discourse Representation Theory .", "entities": [{"text": "temporal anaphora", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "quantification over events", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"tex... |
[[[53, 56], [90, 90]], [[6, 10], [68, 68]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "explore", "correlation", "of", "dependency", "relation", "paths", "to", "rank", "candidate", "answers", "in", "answer", "extraction", "."], ["Using", "the", "correlation", "measure", ",", "we", "compare", "dependency", "relations", "of", "a", "candidate", "answer", "and", "mapped", ... | [[[6, 10, "OtherScientificTerm"], [16, 17, "Task"]], [[21, 22, "Metric"], [26, 27, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[53, 56, "Method"], [60, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"], [64, 65, "Metric"]], [[68, 68, "Generic"], [74, 77, "Method"]], [[90, 90, "Generic"], [94, 96, "Method"], [103, 103, "Metric"]]] | [[[6, 10, 16, 17, "USED-FOR"]], [[21, 22, 26, 27, "USED-FOR"]], [[60, 61, 64, 65, "PART-OF"]], [[68, 68, 74, 77, "PART-OF"]], [[90, 90, 94, 96, "COMPARE"], [103, 103, 90, 90, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [103, 103, 94, 96, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | P06-1112 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we explore correlation of dependency relation paths to rank candidate answers in answer extraction .", "entities": [{"text": "correlation of dependency relation paths", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "answer extraction", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "correlation of d... |
[[[114, 114], [124, 124]], [[117, 120], [141, 141]], [[2, 3], [21, 21], [47, 48]], [[212, 215], [241, 241], [246, 246], [262, 262]], [[119, 120], [137, 138]]] | [["A", "meaningful", "evaluation", "methodology", "can", "advance", "the", "state-of-the-art", "by", "encouraging", "mature", ",", "practical", "applications", "rather", "than", "``", "toy", "''", "implementations", "."], ["Evaluation", "is", "also", "crucial", "to", "assessing", "competing", "claims", "and", "identify... | [[[2, 3, "Task"]], [[21, 21, "Task"], [33, 33, "Generic"]], [[38, 42, "Task"], [47, 48, "Generic"], [65, 70, "OtherScientificTerm"], [74, 78, "Task"]], [[114, 114, "Generic"], [117, 120, "Task"], [119, 120, "Method"], [124, 124, "Generic"], [137, 138, "Method"]], [[141, 141, "Generic"], [146, 147, "Task"], [153, 155, "... | [[], [[21, 21, 33, 33, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[114, 114, 117, 120, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [124, 124, 137, 138, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[141, 141, 146, 147, "HYPONYM-OF"], [141, 141, 153, 155, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[212, 215, 217, 222, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[252, 255, 246, 246, "USED-FOR"]], []] | A92-1023 | train | [{"sentence": "A meaningful evaluation methodology can advance the state-of-the-art by encouraging mature , practical applications rather than `` toy '' implementations .", "entities": [{"text": "evaluation methodology", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Evaluation is also crucial to assessing competing... |
[[[86, 87], [99, 100], [104, 104]], [[7, 8], [26, 26], [131, 131]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", "we", "present", "a", "novel", "autonomous", "pipeline", "to", "build", "a", "personalized", "parametric", "model", "-LRB-", "pose-driven", "avatar", "-RRB-", "using", "a", "single", "depth", "sensor", "."], ["Our", "method", "first", "captures", "a", "few", "high-quality", "scans", "of", "the"... | [[[7, 8, "Generic"], [12, 18, "Method"], [21, 23, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[26, 26, "Generic"]], [[51, 53, "Method"], [57, 58, "OtherScientificTerm"], [68, 70, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[76, 77, "Method"], [86, 87, "Method"], [94, 95, "Method"]], [[99, 100, "Method"], [104, 104, "Generic"], [110, 111, "OtherScientific... | [[[7, 8, 12, 18, "USED-FOR"], [21, 23, 7, 8, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[57, 58, 51, 53, "USED-FOR"]], [[76, 77, 86, 87, "USED-FOR"], [94, 95, 86, 87, "USED-FOR"]], [[104, 104, 110, 111, "USED-FOR"], [104, 104, 116, 118, "USED-FOR"], [120, 122, 116, 118, "USED-FOR"]], [[131, 131, 134, 135, "USED-FOR"]]] | CVPR_2014_21_abs | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper we present a novel autonomous pipeline to build a personalized parametric model -LRB- pose-driven avatar -RRB- using a single depth sensor .", "entities": [{"text": "autonomous pipeline", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "personalized parametric model -LRB- pose-driven avatar -RRB-", "type": "M... |
[[[102, 104], [114, 114]], [[8, 8], [119, 120], [174, 174]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "propose", "a", "novel", "algorithm", "to", "detect/compensate", "on-line", "interference", "effects", "when", "integrating", "Global", "Navigation", "Satellite", "System", "-LRB-", "GNSS", "-RRB-", "and", "Inertial", "Navigation", "System", "-LRB-", "INS", "-RRB-", "."], ["The", "GN... | [[[8, 8, "Generic"], [11, 13, "Task"], [16, 22, "Task"], [24, 29, "Task"]], [[32, 33, "Task"], [39, 44, "Method"], [48, 51, "Task"]], [[55, 55, "OtherScientificTerm"], [58, 60, "OtherScientificTerm"], [68, 69, "Metric"]], [], [[92, 92, "OtherScientificTerm"], [95, 96, "OtherScientificTerm"], [102, 104, "Method"], [108,... | [[[8, 8, 11, 13, "USED-FOR"], [16, 22, 24, 29, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[39, 44, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"], [39, 44, 48, 51, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[95, 96, 92, 92, "FEATURE-OF"], [102, 104, 108, 109, "USED-FOR"]], [[114, 114, 119, 120, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[176, 177, 174, 174, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | ICASSP_2011_587_abs | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we propose a novel algorithm to detect/compensate on-line interference effects when integrating Global Navigation Satellite System -LRB- GNSS -RRB- and Inertial Navigation System -LRB- INS -RRB- .", "entities": [{"text": "algorithm", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "on-line interference effe... |
[[[44, 45], [66, 66]], [[13, 15], [73, 75]]] | [["We", "propose", "a", "unified", "variational", "formulation", "for", "joint", "motion", "estimation", "and", "segmentation", "with", "explicit", "occlusion", "handling", "."], ["This", "is", "done", "by", "a", "multi-label", "representation", "of", "the", "flow", "field", ",", "where", "each", "label", "corresponds"... | [[[3, 5, "Method"], [7, 11, "Task"], [13, 15, "Method"]], [[22, 27, "Method"], [35, 39, "Task"]], [[44, 45, "Method"], [48, 50, "Method"], [58, 60, "Metric"], [66, 66, "Generic"], [70, 71, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[73, 75, "Method"], [82, 82, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[85, 85, "OtherScientificTerm"], [90, 91, "OtherSc... | [[[3, 5, 7, 11, "USED-FOR"], [13, 15, 3, 5, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[44, 45, 48, 50, "USED-FOR"], [58, 60, 66, 66, "PART-OF"], [70, 71, 66, 66, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[106, 107, 115, 116, "USED-FOR"]], []] | CVPR_2012_11_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We propose a unified variational formulation for joint motion estimation and segmentation with explicit occlusion handling .", "entities": [{"text": "unified variational formulation", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "joint motion estimation and segmentation", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "explicit occlusion han... |
[[[10, 13], [47, 47], [113, 114], [137, 138]], [[15, 16], [27, 27], [36, 36]], [[18, 22], [54, 54]], [[93, 94], [132, 132]]] | [["Two", "main", "classes", "of", "approaches", "have", "been", "studied", "to", "perform", "monocular", "nonrigid", "3D", "reconstruction", ":", "Template-based", "methods", "and", "Non-rigid", "Structure", "from", "Motion", "techniques", "."], ["While", "the", "first", "ones", "have", "been", "applied", "to", "recons... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [10, 13, "Task"], [15, 16, "Method"], [18, 22, "Method"]], [[27, 27, "Generic"], [33, 34, "OtherScientificTerm"], [36, 36, "Generic"], [42, 44, "Method"], [47, 47, "Task"]], [[54, 54, "Generic"], [60, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"], [74, 75, "Material"], [83, 84, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[93, 94, "Met... | [[[4, 4, 10, 13, "USED-FOR"], [15, 16, 4, 4, "HYPONYM-OF"], [15, 16, 18, 22, "CONJUNCTION"], [18, 22, 4, 4, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[27, 27, 33, 34, "USED-FOR"], [42, 44, 36, 36, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[93, 94, 98, 101, "USED-FOR"]], [[109, 110, 113, 114, "USED-FOR"], [117, 125, 113, 114, "USED-FOR"]], [[132, 132, 140, 141, "COMP... | ECCV_2016_205_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Two main classes of approaches have been studied to perform monocular nonrigid 3D reconstruction : Template-based methods and Non-rigid Structure from Motion techniques .", "entities": [{"text": "approaches", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "monocular nonrigid 3D reconstruction", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "... |
[[[15, 17], [112, 114]], [[39, 41], [95, 98], [154, 154]]] | [["Many", "computer", "vision", "applications", ",", "such", "as", "image", "classification", "and", "video", "indexing", ",", "are", "usually", "multi-label", "classification", "problems", "in", "which", "an", "instance", "can", "be", "assigned", "to", "more", "than", "one", "category", "."], ["In", "this", "paper", "... | [[[1, 3, "Task"], [7, 8, "Task"], [10, 11, "Task"], [15, 17, "Task"]], [[39, 41, "Method"], [43, 44, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[56, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[95, 98, "Method"], [101, 102, "OtherScientificTerm"], [105, 105, "Method"], [112, 114, "Task"]], [[121, 122, "Task"], [129, 132, "Method"]], [[140, 141, "Gen... | [[[7, 8, 1, 3, "HYPONYM-OF"], [7, 8, 10, 11, "CONJUNCTION"], [10, 11, 1, 3, "HYPONYM-OF"], [15, 17, 1, 3, "USED-FOR"]], [[43, 44, 39, 41, "FEATURE-OF"]], [], [[95, 98, 112, 114, "USED-FOR"], [101, 102, 95, 98, "PART-OF"], [105, 105, 95, 98, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[129, 132, 121, 122, "USED-FOR"]], [[140, 141, 154, 154, "EVAL... | CVPR_2009_21_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Many computer vision applications , such as image classification and video indexing , are usually multi-label classification problems in which an instance can be assigned to more than one category .", "entities": [{"text": "computer vision applications", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "image classification", ... |
[[[24, 24], [70, 70]], [[3, 5], [28, 28]]] | [["We", "derive", "a", "convex", "optimization", "problem", "for", "the", "task", "of", "segmenting", "sequential", "data", ",", "which", "explicitly", "treats", "presence", "of", "outliers", "."], ["We", "describe", "two", "algorithms", "for", "solving", "this", "problem", ",", "one", "exact", "and", "one", "a", "top-... | [[[3, 5, "Task"], [10, 12, "Task"], [19, 19, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[24, 24, "Generic"], [28, 28, "Generic"]], [[55, 55, "Metric"], [57, 57, "OtherScientificTerm"], [62, 63, "Task"], [66, 67, "Task"]], [[70, 70, "Generic"], [72, 74, "Method"]]] | [[[3, 5, 10, 12, "USED-FOR"], [10, 12, 19, 19, "USED-FOR"]], [[24, 24, 28, 28, "USED-FOR"]], [[57, 57, 55, 55, "FEATURE-OF"], [62, 63, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [66, 67, 55, 55, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [66, 67, 62, 63, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[70, 70, 72, 74, "COMPARE"]]] | AAAI_2015_11_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We derive a convex optimization problem for the task of segmenting sequential data , which explicitly treats presence of outliers .", "entities": [{"text": "convex optimization problem", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "segmenting sequential data", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "outliers", "type": "OtherScientific... |
[[[6, 8], [29, 29]]] | [["This", "paper", "examines", "the", "properties", "of", "feature-based", "partial", "descriptions", "built", "on", "top", "of", "Halliday", "'s", "systemic", "networks", "."], ["We", "show", "that", "the", "crucial", "operation", "of", "consistency", "checking", "for", "such", "descriptions", "is", "NP-complete", ","... | [[[6, 8, "OtherScientificTerm"], [13, 16, "Method"]], [[25, 26, "Method"], [29, 29, "Generic"]]] | [[[13, 16, 6, 8, "USED-FOR"]], [[25, 26, 29, 29, "USED-FOR"]]] | C90-3007 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper examines the properties of feature-based partial descriptions built on top of Halliday 's systemic networks .", "entities": [{"text": "feature-based partial descriptions", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "Halliday 's systemic networks", "type": "Method"}], "relations": [{"head": "Hall... |
[] | [["We", "describe", "Yoopick", ",", "a", "combinatorial", "sports", "prediction", "market", "that", "implements", "a", "flexible", "betting", "language", ",", "and", "in", "turn", "facilitates", "fine-grained", "probabilistic", "estimation", "of", "outcomes", "."]] | [[[2, 2, "Method"], [5, 8, "Method"], [12, 14, "OtherScientificTerm"], [20, 24, "Task"]]] | [[[2, 2, 5, 8, "HYPONYM-OF"], [2, 2, 20, 24, "USED-FOR"], [12, 14, 2, 2, "USED-FOR"]]] | AAAI_2008_262_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We describe Yoopick , a combinatorial sports prediction market that implements a flexible betting language , and in turn facilitates fine-grained probabilistic estimation of outcomes .", "entities": [{"text": "Yoopick", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "combinatorial sports prediction market", "type": "Method... |
[[[11, 12], [71, 71], [98, 98], [145, 146], [171, 172], [188, 188]], [[19, 22], [149, 152]]] | [["The", "goal", "of", "this", "paper", "is", "to", "discover", "a", "set", "of", "discriminative", "patches", "which", "can", "serve", "as", "a", "fully", "unsupervised", "mid-level", "visual", "representation", "."], ["The", "desired", "patches", "need", "to", "satisfy", "two", "requirements", ":", "1", "-RRB-", "to"... | [[[11, 12, "Method"], [19, 22, "Task"]], [], [[71, 71, "Generic"]], [[98, 98, "Generic"], [101, 104, "Task"], [110, 111, "Material"]], [[116, 117, "Method"], [121, 121, "Method"], [123, 125, "Method"], [130, 130, "Method"], [136, 136, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[145, 146, "Method"], [149, 152, "Task"], [156, 156, "Gener... | [[[11, 12, 19, 22, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[110, 111, 101, 104, "USED-FOR"]], [[130, 130, 136, 136, "USED-FOR"]], [[145, 146, 149, 152, "USED-FOR"], [156, 156, 145, 146, "USED-FOR"]], [[171, 172, 179, 180, "USED-FOR"], [184, 185, 179, 180, "HYPONYM-OF"], [194, 196, 188, 188, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | ECCV_2012_37_abs | train | [{"sentence": "The goal of this paper is to discover a set of discriminative patches which can serve as a fully unsupervised mid-level visual representation .", "entities": [{"text": "discriminative patches", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "unsupervised mid-level visual representation", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"h... |
[[[6, 6], [30, 30]]] | [["We", "investigate", "the", "utility", "of", "an", "algorithm", "for", "translation", "lexicon", "acquisition", "-LRB-", "SABLE", "-RRB-", ",", "used", "previously", "on", "a", "very", "large", "corpus", "to", "acquire", "general", "translation", "lexicons", ",", "when", "that", "algorithm", "is", "applied", "to", "a... | [[[6, 6, "Generic"], [8, 13, "Task"], [24, 26, "OtherScientificTerm"], [30, 30, "Generic"], [42, 44, "OtherScientificTerm"]]] | [[[6, 6, 8, 13, "USED-FOR"], [6, 6, 24, 26, "USED-FOR"], [30, 30, 42, 44, "USED-FOR"]]] | A97-1050 | train | [{"sentence": "We investigate the utility of an algorithm for translation lexicon acquisition -LRB- SABLE -RRB- , used previously on a very large corpus to acquire general translation lexicons , when that algorithm is applied to a much smaller corpus to produce candidates for domain-specific translation lexicons .", "e... |
[] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "a", "computational", "model", "of", "word", "segmentation", "and", "presents", "simulation", "results", "on", "realistic", "acquisition", "."], ["In", "particular", ",", "we", "explore", "the", "capacity", "and", "limitations", "of", "statistical", "learning", "mechanisms", "that", "hav... | [[[4, 5, "Method"], [7, 8, "Task"], [14, 15, "Task"]], [[27, 29, "Method"], [36, 37, "Material"], [39, 39, "Material"]]] | [[[4, 5, 7, 8, "USED-FOR"], [4, 5, 14, 15, "USED-FOR"]], [[36, 37, 27, 29, "USED-FOR"], [36, 37, 39, 39, "CONJUNCTION"], [39, 39, 27, 29, "USED-FOR"]]] | W04-1307 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes a computational model of word segmentation and presents simulation results on realistic acquisition .", "entities": [{"text": "computational model", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "word segmentation", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "realistic acquisition", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"h... |
[[[142, 142], [180, 180]], [[47, 47], [53, 53]]] | [["In", "the", "model-based", "policy", "search", "approach", "to", "reinforcement", "learning", "-LRB-", "RL", "-RRB-", ",", "policies", "are", "found", "using", "a", "model", "-LRB-", "or", "``", "simulator", "''", "-RRB-", "of", "the", "Markov", "decision", "process", "."], ["However", ",", "for", "high-dimensional"... | [[[2, 5, "Method"], [7, 11, "Task"], [13, 13, "OtherScientificTerm"], [27, 29, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[34, 36, "Task"], [47, 47, "Generic"], [53, 53, "Generic"], [56, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[70, 71, "Task"], [80, 81, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[90, 91, "Method"], [96, 97, "Method"], [105, 106, "OtherScientific... | [[[2, 5, 7, 11, "USED-FOR"], [27, 29, 13, 13, "USED-FOR"]], [[47, 47, 34, 36, "USED-FOR"], [53, 53, 56, 56, "USED-FOR"]], [[80, 81, 70, 71, "USED-FOR"]], [[96, 97, 90, 91, "USED-FOR"], [105, 106, 96, 97, "USED-FOR"]], [[121, 122, 118, 119, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[169, 170, 176, 177, "CONJUNCTION"], [169, 170, 180, 180, "US... | ICML_2006_122_abs | train | [{"sentence": "In the model-based policy search approach to reinforcement learning -LRB- RL -RRB- , policies are found using a model -LRB- or `` simulator '' -RRB- of the Markov decision process .", "entities": [{"text": "model-based policy search approach", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "reinforcement learning -LRB- RL ... |
[[[7, 8], [55, 56]], [[2, 4], [11, 11]]] | [["Although", "every", "natural", "language", "system", "needs", "a", "computational", "lexicon", ",", "each", "system", "puts", "different", "amounts", "and", "types", "of", "information", "into", "its", "lexicon", "according", "to", "its", "individual", "needs", "."], ["However", ",", "some", "of", "the", "informatio... | [[[2, 4, "Method"], [7, 8, "OtherScientificTerm"], [11, 11, "Generic"]], [], [[52, 52, "Method"], [55, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"], [63, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [69, 75, "Task"]], [[87, 92, "Material"]]] | [[[7, 8, 2, 4, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[52, 52, 55, 56, "HYPONYM-OF"], [52, 52, 69, 75, "USED-FOR"]], []] | C88-2166 | train | [{"sentence": "Although every natural language system needs a computational lexicon , each system puts different amounts and types of information into its lexicon according to its individual needs .", "entities": [{"text": "natural language system", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "computational lexicon", "type": "OtherSci... |
[[[48, 48], [61, 61]], [[0, 1], [9, 9]], [[99, 100], [119, 120]], [[110, 113], [130, 130], [145, 145]]] | [["Sentence", "planning", "is", "a", "set", "of", "inter-related", "but", "distinct", "tasks", ",", "one", "of", "which", "is", "sentence", "scoping", ",", "i.e.", "the", "choice", "of", "syntactic", "structure", "for", "elementary", "speech", "acts", "and", "the", "decision", "of", "how", "to", "combine", "them", "int... | [[[0, 1, "Task"], [9, 9, "Generic"], [15, 16, "Task"], [22, 23, "OtherScientificTerm"], [26, 27, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[48, 48, "Method"], [51, 52, "Method"], [57, 57, "Generic"], [61, 61, "Method"]], [], [[87, 91, "Method"], [99, 100, "OtherScientificTerm"], [104, 105, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[110, 113, "Method"... | [[[15, 16, 9, 9, "PART-OF"], [22, 23, 26, 27, "USED-FOR"]], [[48, 48, 51, 52, "HYPONYM-OF"], [57, 57, 61, 61, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[87, 91, 99, 100, "USED-FOR"], [104, 105, 87, 91, "USED-FOR"]], [[110, 113, 119, 120, "USED-FOR"]], [[132, 133, 130, 130, "USED-FOR"]], [[145, 145, 150, 151, "USED-FOR"], [150, 151, 163, 166,... | N01-1003 | train | [{"sentence": "Sentence planning is a set of inter-related but distinct tasks , one of which is sentence scoping , i.e. the choice of syntactic structure for elementary speech acts and the decision of how to combine them into one or more sentences .", "entities": [{"text": "Sentence planning", "type": "Task"}, {"text":... |
[[[64, 66], [88, 88]], [[2, 5], [97, 99]]] | [["We", "discuss", "maximum", "a", "posteriori", "estimation", "of", "continuous", "density", "hidden", "Markov", "models", "-LRB-", "CDHMM", "-RRB-", "."], ["The", "classical", "MLE", "reestimation", "algorithms", ",", "namely", "the", "forward-backward", "algorithm", "and", "the", "segmental", "k-means", "algorithm",... | [[[2, 5, "Method"], [7, 14, "Method"]], [[18, 20, "Method"], [24, 25, "Method"], [28, 30, "Method"], [35, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"], [40, 45, "Method"]], [[53, 54, "Method"], [64, 66, "Task"], [69, 70, "Task"], [72, 73, "Task"], [75, 77, "Task"], [79, 80, "Task"]], [[88, 88, "Generic"], [97, 99, "Method"]]] | [[[2, 5, 7, 14, "USED-FOR"]], [[24, 25, 18, 20, "HYPONYM-OF"], [28, 30, 18, 20, "HYPONYM-OF"], [28, 30, 24, 25, "CONJUNCTION"], [35, 36, 40, 45, "USED-FOR"]], [[53, 54, 64, 66, "USED-FOR"], [69, 70, 64, 66, "HYPONYM-OF"], [69, 70, 72, 73, "CONJUNCTION"], [72, 73, 64, 66, "HYPONYM-OF"], [72, 73, 75, 77, "CONJUNCTION"], ... | H92-1036 | train | [{"sentence": "We discuss maximum a posteriori estimation of continuous density hidden Markov models -LRB- CDHMM -RRB- .", "entities": [{"text": "maximum a posteriori estimation", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "continuous density hidden Markov models -LRB- CDHMM -RRB-", "type": "Method"}], "relations": [{"head": "maximum... |
[[[4, 7], [13, 13], [32, 34]]] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "a", "characters-based", "Chinese", "collocation", "system", "and", "discusses", "the", "advantages", "of", "it", "over", "a", "traditional", "word-based", "system", "."], ["Since", "wordbreaks", "are", "not", "conventionally", "marked", "in", "Chinese", "text", "corpora", ",", "a", "cha... | [[[4, 7, "Method"], [13, 13, "Generic"], [17, 18, "Method"]], [[27, 29, "Material"], [32, 34, "Method"], [40, 42, "Task"], [45, 47, "Task"]], [[51, 53, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 63, "Method"]]] | [[[13, 13, 17, 18, "COMPARE"]], [[40, 42, 32, 34, "FEATURE-OF"], [40, 42, 45, 47, "CONJUNCTION"], [45, 47, 32, 34, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[59, 63, 51, 53, "USED-FOR"]]] | C94-1088 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes a characters-based Chinese collocation system and discusses the advantages of it over a traditional word-based system .", "entities": [{"text": "characters-based Chinese collocation system", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "it", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "word-based system", "type": "... |
[[[6, 7], [30, 31]], [[4, 4], [19, 19], [52, 52], [90, 90]], [[62, 64], [76, 76]]] | [["This", "paper", "describes", "a", "method", "for", "utterance", "classification", "that", "does", "not", "require", "manual", "transcription", "of", "training", "data", "."], ["The", "method", "combines", "domain", "independent", "acoustic", "models", "with", "off-the-shelf", "classifiers", "to", "give", "utterance"... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 7, "Task"], [12, 13, "Material"]], [[19, 19, "Generic"], [21, 24, "Method"], [27, 27, "Method"], [30, 31, "Task"], [44, 45, "Method"], [47, 48, "Material"]], [[52, 52, "Generic"], [54, 55, "Method"], [62, 64, "Method"], [68, 68, "Generic"], [76, 76, "Generic"], [82, 83, "Method"]], [[86, 87, "M... | [[[4, 4, 6, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [[19, 19, 30, 31, "USED-FOR"], [21, 24, 19, 19, "PART-OF"], [27, 27, 19, 19, "PART-OF"], [27, 27, 21, 24, "CONJUNCTION"], [44, 45, 19, 19, "USED-FOR"], [47, 48, 44, 45, "USED-FOR"]], [[54, 55, 52, 52, "PART-OF"], [54, 55, 62, 64, "USED-FOR"], [54, 55, 68, 68, "USED-FOR"]], [[86, 87, 90, 90,... | N03-1001 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper describes a method for utterance classification that does not require manual transcription of training data .", "entities": [{"text": "method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "utterance classification", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "manual transcription", "type": "Material"}], "relations": [{"head"... |
[[[47, 52], [83, 83], [127, 127], [131, 131]], [[32, 36], [40, 41]], [[19, 19], [135, 135]], [[1, 5], [133, 133]], [[72, 72], [86, 86], [108, 108], [144, 144]]] | [["The", "Interval", "Algebra", "-LRB-", "IA", "-RRB-", "and", "a", "subset", "of", "the", "Region", "Connection", "Calculus", "-LRB-", "RCC", "-RRB-", ",", "namely", "RCC-8", ",", "are", "the", "dominant", "Artificial", "Intelligence", "approaches", "for", "representing", "and", "reasoning", "about", "qualitative", "t... | [[[1, 5, "Method"], [11, 16, "Method"], [19, 19, "Method"], [24, 26, "Method"], [28, 36, "Task"], [32, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[40, 41, "OtherScientificTerm"], [47, 52, "Method"]], [[62, 67, "Task"], [72, 72, "Generic"], [83, 83, "Method"]], [[86, 86, "Generic"], [88, 89, "Method"], [95, 96, "OtherScientificTerm"... | [[[1, 5, 11, 16, "CONJUNCTION"], [1, 5, 24, 26, "HYPONYM-OF"], [11, 16, 24, 26, "HYPONYM-OF"], [19, 19, 11, 16, "HYPONYM-OF"], [24, 26, 28, 36, "USED-FOR"]], [[47, 52, 40, 41, "USED-FOR"]], [[72, 72, 83, 83, "USED-FOR"]], [[88, 89, 86, 86, "PART-OF"], [88, 89, 95, 96, "CONJUNCTION"], [95, 96, 86, 86, "PART-OF"], [101, ... | IJCAI_2013_15_abs | train | [{"sentence": "The Interval Algebra -LRB- IA -RRB- and a subset of the Region Connection Calculus -LRB- RCC -RRB- , namely RCC-8 , are the dominant Artificial Intelligence approaches for representing and reasoning about qualitative temporal and topological relations respectively .", "entities": [{"text": "Interval Alge... |
[[[4, 5], [23, 23], [66, 66], [98, 98]], [[17, 18], [75, 76]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", "a", "morphological", "component", "with", "a", "limited", "capability", "to", "automatically", "interpret", "-LRB-", "and", "generate", "-RRB-", "derived", "words", "is", "presented", "."], ["The", "system", "combines", "an", "extended", "two-level", "morphology", "-LSB-", "Trost", ",", "1991a... | [[[4, 5, "Method"], [17, 18, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[23, 23, "Generic"], [27, 28, "OtherScientificTerm"], [40, 42, "Method"], [46, 47, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[49, 50, "OtherScientificTerm"], [60, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[66, 66, "Generic"], [75, 76, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[89, 91, "OtherScientificTerm"]]... | [[[4, 5, 17, 18, "USED-FOR"]], [[27, 28, 23, 23, "USED-FOR"], [27, 28, 40, 42, "CONJUNCTION"], [46, 47, 40, 42, "USED-FOR"]], [[60, 61, 49, 50, "FEATURE-OF"]], [], [], [[102, 102, 98, 98, "USED-FOR"], [110, 111, 98, 98, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | E93-1043 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper a morphological component with a limited capability to automatically interpret -LRB- and generate -RRB- derived words is presented .", "entities": [{"text": "morphological component", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "derived words", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}], "relations": [{"head": "morph... |
[[[87, 93], [108, 109]], [[37, 38], [74, 75]]] | [["Lyric-based", "song", "sentiment", "classification", "seeks", "to", "assign", "songs", "appropriate", "sentiment", "labels", "such", "as", "light-hearted", "heavy-hearted", "."], ["Four", "problems", "render", "vector", "space", "model", "-LRB-", "VSM", "-RRB-", "-", "based", "text", "classification", "approach", "i... | [[[0, 3, "Task"]], [[19, 29, "Method"], [37, 38, "Material"], [43, 43, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 59, "OtherScientificTerm"], [61, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"], [64, 65, "OtherScientificTerm"], [70, 70, "OtherScientificTerm"], [74, 75, "Material"]], [[87, 93, "Method"], [98, 100, "Material"]], [[108, 109, "Method"], [1... | [[], [[59, 59, 61, 61, "CONJUNCTION"], [59, 59, 70, 70, "USED-FOR"], [61, 61, 70, 70, "USED-FOR"]], [[87, 93, 98, 100, "USED-FOR"]], [[108, 109, 112, 113, "COMPARE"], [116, 120, 108, 109, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [116, 120, 112, 113, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | P08-2034 | train | [{"sentence": "Lyric-based song sentiment classification seeks to assign songs appropriate sentiment labels such as light-hearted heavy-hearted .", "entities": [{"text": "Lyric-based song sentiment classification", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Four problems render vector space model -LRB- VSM -RRB-... |
[[[4, 4], [34, 34], [47, 47]], [[13, 18], [26, 26], [53, 53]], [[62, 62], [70, 70]]] | [["We", "present", "an", "efficient", "algorithm", "for", "the", "redundancy", "elimination", "problem", ":", "Given", "an", "underspecified", "semantic", "representation", "-LRB-", "USR", "-RRB-", "of", "a", "scope", "ambiguity", ",", "compute", "an", "USR", "with", "fewer", "mutually", "equivalent", "readings", "."],... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [7, 9, "Task"], [13, 18, "Method"], [21, 22, "OtherScientificTerm"], [26, 26, "Method"], [30, 31, "Material"]], [[34, 34, "Generic"], [37, 39, "Method"], [44, 45, "OtherScientificTerm"], [47, 47, "Generic"], [53, 53, "Method"], [56, 57, "Method"]], [[62, 62, "Generic"], [70, 70, "Generic"], [73, 75... | [[[4, 4, 7, 9, "USED-FOR"], [13, 18, 21, 22, "USED-FOR"], [30, 31, 26, 26, "USED-FOR"]], [[34, 34, 37, 39, "USED-FOR"], [44, 45, 37, 39, "USED-FOR"], [47, 47, 53, 53, "USED-FOR"], [56, 57, 53, 53, "USED-FOR"]], [[70, 70, 73, 75, "USED-FOR"]]] | P06-1052 | train | [{"sentence": "We present an efficient algorithm for the redundancy elimination problem : Given an underspecified semantic representation -LRB- USR -RRB- of a scope ambiguity , compute an USR with fewer mutually equivalent readings .", "entities": [{"text": "algorithm", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "redundancy eliminat... |
[[[66, 67], [108, 109]], [[33, 34], [111, 113]], [[2, 3], [28, 28], [41, 41]]] | [["Currently", "several", "grammatical", "formalisms", "converge", "towards", "being", "declarative", "and", "towards", "utilizing", "context-free", "phrase-structure", "grammar", "as", "a", "backbone", ",", "e.g.", "LFG", "and", "PATR-II", "."], ["Typically", "the", "processing", "of", "these", "formalisms", "is", "or... | [[[2, 3, "Method"], [11, 13, "Method"], [19, 19, "OtherScientificTerm"], [21, 21, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[28, 28, "Generic"], [33, 34, "Method"]], [[41, 41, "Generic"], [50, 52, "Method"]], [[66, 67, "Method"], [88, 88, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[108, 109, "Method"], [111, 113, "Method"]]] | [[[11, 13, 2, 3, "USED-FOR"], [19, 19, 2, 3, "HYPONYM-OF"], [19, 19, 21, 21, "CONJUNCTION"], [21, 21, 2, 3, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[33, 34, 28, 28, "FEATURE-OF"]], [], [], [[108, 109, 111, 113, "PART-OF"]]] | E87-1037 | train | [{"sentence": "Currently several grammatical formalisms converge towards being declarative and towards utilizing context-free phrase-structure grammar as a backbone , e.g. LFG and PATR-II .", "entities": [{"text": "grammatical formalisms", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "context-free phrase-structure grammar", "type": "Me... |
[[[115, 116], [147, 147]]] | [["Terminology", "structuring", "has", "been", "the", "subject", "of", "much", "work", "in", "the", "context", "of", "terms", "extracted", "from", "corpora", ":", "given", "a", "set", "of", "terms", ",", "obtained", "from", "an", "existing", "resource", "or", "extracted", "from", "a", "corpus", ",", "identifying", "hie... | [[[0, 1, "Task"], [33, 33, "Material"], [36, 43, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[53, 54, "Task"], [56, 57, "Method"], [71, 72, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[91, 92, "Material"], [99, 105, "Material"]], [[110, 111, "OtherScientificTerm"], [115, 116, "OtherScientificTerm"], [126, 129, "Metric"], [147, 147, "OtherScientificTerm"]... | [[], [[56, 57, 53, 54, "USED-FOR"]], [[99, 105, 91, 92, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[110, 111, 115, 116, "COMPARE"], [126, 129, 115, 116, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [], []] | W02-1403 | train | [{"sentence": "Terminology structuring has been the subject of much work in the context of terms extracted from corpora : given a set of terms , obtained from an existing resource or extracted from a corpus , identifying hierarchical -LRB- or other types of -RRB- relations between these terms .", "entities": [{"text": ... |
[[[8, 8], [41, 42]], [[28, 29], [71, 72]], [[19, 21], [62, 64]]] | [["In", "order", "to", "boost", "the", "translation", "quality", "of", "EBMT", "based", "on", "a", "small-sized", "bilingual", "corpus", ",", "we", "use", "an", "out-of-domain", "bilingual", "corpus", "and", ",", "in", "addition", ",", "the", "language", "model", "of", "an", "in-domain", "monolingual", "corpus", "."], ... | [[[8, 8, "Method"], [12, 14, "Material"], [19, 21, "Material"], [28, 29, "Method"], [32, 34, "Material"]], [[41, 42, "Method"]], [[46, 47, "Metric"], [50, 51, "Metric"], [54, 55, "Metric"], [62, 64, "Material"], [71, 72, "Method"]]] | [[[12, 14, 8, 8, "USED-FOR"], [19, 21, 8, 8, "USED-FOR"], [28, 29, 8, 8, "USED-FOR"], [32, 34, 28, 29, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[46, 47, 62, 64, "USED-FOR"], [46, 47, 71, 72, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [50, 51, 46, 47, "HYPONYM-OF"], [50, 51, 54, 55, "CONJUNCTION"], [54, 55, 46, 47, "HYPONYM-OF"]]] | N03-2006 | train | [{"sentence": "In order to boost the translation quality of EBMT based on a small-sized bilingual corpus , we use an out-of-domain bilingual corpus and , in addition , the language model of an in-domain monolingual corpus .", "entities": [{"text": "EBMT", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "small-sized bilingual corpus", "typ... |
[[[25, 26], [29, 30]], [[101, 104], [134, 137]], [[83, 88], [109, 109], [190, 190]], [[56, 59], [63, 63]], [[124, 126], [145, 147]]] | [["Diagrams", "are", "common", "tools", "for", "representing", "complex", "concepts", ",", "relationships", "and", "events", ",", "often", "when", "it", "would", "be", "difficult", "to", "portray", "the", "same", "information", "with", "natural", "images", "."], ["Understanding", "natural", "images", "has", "been", "ex... | [[[0, 0, "Method"], [6, 7, "OtherScientificTerm"], [9, 9, "OtherScientificTerm"], [11, 11, "OtherScientificTerm"], [25, 26, "Material"]], [[28, 30, "Task"], [29, 30, "Material"], [36, 37, "Task"], [40, 41, "Task"]], [[56, 59, "Task"], [63, 63, "Generic"], [67, 70, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[83, 88, "Method"], [95, 97, ... | [[[0, 0, 6, 7, "USED-FOR"], [0, 0, 9, 9, "USED-FOR"], [0, 0, 11, 11, "USED-FOR"], [6, 7, 9, 9, "CONJUNCTION"], [9, 9, 11, 11, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[28, 30, 36, 37, "PART-OF"], [28, 30, 40, 41, "COMPARE"]], [[63, 63, 67, 70, "USED-FOR"]], [[83, 88, 95, 97, "USED-FOR"]], [[101, 104, 109, 109, "USED-FOR"], [114, 119, 124, 12... | ECCV_2016_107_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Diagrams are common tools for representing complex concepts , relationships and events , often when it would be difficult to portray the same information with natural images .", "entities": [{"text": "Diagrams", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "complex concepts", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "rel... |
[[[36, 37], [186, 186]], [[20, 23], [41, 41]], [[122, 122], [145, 145]]] | [["Detecting", "fine-grained", "subtle", "changes", "among", "a", "scene", "is", "critically", "important", "in", "practice", "."], ["Previous", "change", "detection", "methods", ",", "focusing", "on", "detecting", "large-scale", "significant", "changes", ",", "can", "not", "do", "this", "well", "."], ["This", "paper",... | [[[0, 6, "Task"]], [[14, 16, "Method"], [20, 23, "Task"]], [[36, 37, "Method"], [41, 41, "Generic"]], [[46, 48, "Method"]], [[68, 69, "Metric"], [71, 71, "Metric"], [88, 88, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[111, 113, "Task"], [116, 118, "Task"], [122, 122, "Generic"], [126, 128, "OtherScientificTerm"], [130, 133, "OtherScien... | [[], [[14, 16, 20, 23, "USED-FOR"]], [[36, 37, 41, 41, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[116, 118, 111, 113, "USED-FOR"], [122, 122, 116, 118, "FEATURE-OF"], [126, 128, 122, 122, "HYPONYM-OF"], [126, 128, 130, 133, "CONJUNCTION"], [130, 133, 122, 122, "HYPONYM-OF"], [130, 133, 136, 139, "CONJUNCTION"], [136, 139, 122, 122, "HYPO... | ICCV_2015_50_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Detecting fine-grained subtle changes among a scene is critically important in practice .", "entities": [{"text": "Detecting fine-grained subtle changes among a scene", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Previous change detection methods , focusing on detecting large-scale significant chan... |
[[[0, 2], [24, 24]], [[13, 13], [56, 56], [71, 71], [82, 82]], [[42, 44], [78, 80]]] | [["Automatic", "evaluation", "metrics", "for", "Machine", "Translation", "-LRB-", "MT", "-RRB-", "systems", ",", "such", "as", "BLEU", "or", "NIST", ",", "are", "now", "well", "established", "."], ["Yet", ",", "they", "are", "scarcely", "used", "for", "the", "assessment", "of", "language", "pairs", "like", "English-Chi... | [[[0, 2, "Metric"], [4, 9, "Task"], [13, 13, "Metric"], [15, 15, "Metric"]], [[24, 24, "Generic"], [30, 33, "Task"], [32, 33, "OtherScientificTerm"], [35, 35, "OtherScientificTerm"], [37, 37, "OtherScientificTerm"], [42, 44, "Task"]], [[56, 56, "Metric"], [58, 59, "Method"], [65, 66, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[71, 71, ... | [[[0, 2, 4, 9, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [13, 13, 0, 2, "HYPONYM-OF"], [13, 13, 15, 15, "CONJUNCTION"], [15, 15, 0, 2, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[24, 24, 30, 33, "USED-FOR"], [35, 35, 32, 33, "HYPONYM-OF"], [35, 35, 37, 37, "CONJUNCTION"], [37, 37, 32, 33, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[56, 56, 58, 59, "USED-FOR"], [56, 56, 65, 66, "USED-FOR"], [58,... | I05-2014 | train | [{"sentence": "Automatic evaluation metrics for Machine Translation -LRB- MT -RRB- systems , such as BLEU or NIST , are now well established .", "entities": [{"text": "Automatic evaluation metrics", "type": "Metric"}, {"text": "Machine Translation -LRB- MT -RRB- systems", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "BLEU", "type": "Metr... |
[[[9, 12], [23, 23]]] | [["This", "paper", "proposes", "a", "series", "of", "modifications", "to", "the", "left", "corner", "parsing", "algorithm", "for", "context-free", "grammars", "."], ["It", "is", "argued", "that", "the", "resulting", "algorithm", "is", "both", "efficient", "and", "flexible", "and", "is", ",", "therefore", ",", "a", "goo... | [[[9, 12, "Method"], [14, 15, "Method"]], [[23, 23, "Generic"], [39, 39, "Method"], [43, 45, "Task"]]] | [[[9, 12, 14, 15, "USED-FOR"]], [[23, 23, 39, 39, "USED-FOR"], [39, 39, 43, 45, "USED-FOR"]]] | C82-1054 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper proposes a series of modifications to the left corner parsing algorithm for context-free grammars .", "entities": [{"text": "left corner parsing algorithm", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "context-free grammars", "type": "Method"}], "relations": [{"head": "left corner parsing algorithm", "tail": ... |
[[[5, 12], [48, 48], [114, 116], [184, 184]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "novel", "statistical", "singing", "voice", "conversion", "-LRB-", "SVC", "-RRB-", "technique", "with", "direct", "waveform", "modification", "based", "on", "the", "spectrum", "differential", "that", "can", "convert", "voice", "timbre", "of", "a", "source", "singer", "into", "that", ... | [[[5, 12, "Method"], [14, 16, "Method"], [20, 21, "OtherScientificTerm"], [25, 26, "OtherScientificTerm"], [40, 40, "Method"], [43, 46, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[48, 48, "Method"], [54, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[72, 73, "Metric"], [76, 78, "OtherScientificTerm"], [87, 89, "OtherScientificTerm"], [103, 104, "Metho... | [[[14, 16, 5, 12, "USED-FOR"], [20, 21, 14, 16, "USED-FOR"], [20, 21, 25, 26, "USED-FOR"], [40, 40, 43, 46, "USED-FOR"]], [[48, 48, 54, 56, "USED-FOR"]], [[72, 73, 76, 78, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [72, 73, 87, 89, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [76, 78, 87, 89, "COMPARE"]], [], [[152, 158, 144, 146, "USED-FOR"], [166, 166, 152, 158, "USED-F... | INTERSPEECH_2014_28_abs | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a novel statistical singing voice conversion -LRB- SVC -RRB- technique with direct waveform modification based on the spectrum differential that can convert voice timbre of a source singer into that of a target singer without using a vocoder to generate converted singing voice wavefor... |
[[[9, 11], [19, 21]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "state", "the", "challenges", "of", "high-level", "program", "execution", "in", "multi-agent", "settings", "."], ["We", "first", "introduce", "high-level", "program", "execution", "and", "the", "related", "work", "."], ["Then", "we", "describe", "the", "completed", "work", ",", "the"... | [[[9, 11, "Task"]], [[19, 21, "Task"]], [], []] | [[], [], [], []] | IJCAI_2013_4_abs | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we state the challenges of high-level program execution in multi-agent settings .", "entities": [{"text": "high-level program execution", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "We first introduce high-level program execution and the related work .", "entities": [{"text": "high-... |
[[[8, 9], [32, 33]], [[16, 22], [28, 29], [79, 79]]] | [["During", "late-2013", "through", "early-2014", "NIST", "coordinated", "a", "special", "i-vector", "challenge", "based", "on", "data", "used", "in", "previous", "NIST", "Speaker", "Recognition", "Evaluations", "-LRB-", "SREs", "-RRB-", "."], ["Unlike", "evaluations", "in", "the", "SRE", "series", ",", "the", "i-vecto... | [[[8, 9, "Material"], [16, 22, "Material"]], [[28, 29, "Material"], [32, 33, "Material"], [40, 42, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 50, "OtherScientificTerm"], [53, 54, "Material"]], [[71, 73, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[79, 79, "Material"], [82, 83, "Material"]], [[119, 120, "Generic"], [130, 131, "Generic"]]] | [[[16, 22, 8, 9, "USED-FOR"]], [[40, 42, 46, 50, "USED-FOR"], [46, 50, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"], [53, 54, 46, 50, "COMPARE"]], [], [[79, 79, 82, 83, "COMPARE"]], [[119, 120, 130, 131, "COMPARE"]]] | INTERSPEECH_2014_31_abs | train | [{"sentence": "During late-2013 through early-2014 NIST coordinated a special i-vector challenge based on data used in previous NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluations -LRB- SREs -RRB- .", "entities": [{"text": "i-vector challenge", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "NIST Speaker Recognition Evaluations -LRB- SREs -RRB-", "ty... |
[[[18, 18], [52, 53], [80, 80]], [[60, 63], [83, 86]], [[48, 49], [91, 92]], [[101, 101], [133, 133]]] | [["Theoretical", "research", "in", "the", "area", "of", "machine", "translation", "usually", "involves", "the", "search", "for", "and", "creation", "of", "an", "appropriate", "formalism", "."], ["An", "important", "issue", "in", "this", "respect", "is", "the", "way", "in", "which", "the", "compositionality", "of", "tra... | [[[6, 7, "Task"], [18, 18, "Generic"]], [[34, 34, "Task"]], [[48, 49, "Method"], [52, 53, "Method"]], [[60, 63, "Task"], [76, 77, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[80, 80, "OtherScientificTerm"], [83, 86, "Task"]], [[91, 92, "Method"], [97, 98, "OtherScientificTerm"], [101, 101, "OtherScientificTerm"], [103, 111, "OtherScient... | [[[18, 18, 6, 7, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[48, 49, 52, 53, "PART-OF"]], [], [[80, 80, 83, 86, "USED-FOR"]], [[91, 92, 97, 98, "USED-FOR"], [101, 101, 97, 98, "HYPONYM-OF"], [101, 101, 103, 111, "CONJUNCTION"], [103, 111, 97, 98, "HYPONYM-OF"]], []] | E89-1040 | train | [{"sentence": "Theoretical research in the area of machine translation usually involves the search for and creation of an appropriate formalism .", "entities": [{"text": "machine translation", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "formalism", "type": "Generic"}], "relations": [{"head": "formalism", "tail": "machine translation", ... |
[[[72, 73], [76, 77]], [[1, 2], [41, 41]]] | [["A", "recognition", "scheme", "that", "scales", "efficiently", "to", "a", "large", "number", "of", "objects", "is", "presented", "."], ["The", "efficiency", "and", "quality", "is", "exhibited", "in", "a", "live", "demonstration", "that", "recognizes", "CD-covers", "from", "a", "database", "of", "40000", "images", "of... | [[[1, 2, "Method"]], [[16, 16, "Metric"], [18, 18, "Metric"], [27, 27, "Material"], [30, 30, "Generic"], [33, 38, "Material"]], [[41, 41, "Generic"], [47, 48, "Method"], [51, 52, "OtherScientificTerm"], [58, 59, "OtherScientificTerm"], [61, 61, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[64, 66, "Method"], [72, 73, "OtherScientificTerm... | [[], [[16, 16, 18, 18, "CONJUNCTION"], [33, 38, 30, 30, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[41, 41, 58, 59, "USED-FOR"], [41, 41, 61, 61, "USED-FOR"], [47, 48, 41, 41, "USED-FOR"], [51, 52, 47, 48, "USED-FOR"], [58, 59, 61, 61, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[72, 73, 64, 66, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[120, 120, 123, 123, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[137, 138, 15... | CVPR_2006_11_abs | train | [{"sentence": "A recognition scheme that scales efficiently to a large number of objects is presented .", "entities": [{"text": "recognition scheme", "type": "Method"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "The efficiency and quality is exhibited in a live demonstration that recognizes CD-covers from a database of 40000 ima... |
[[[45, 53], [56, 57], [70, 70]], [[4, 4], [17, 17], [144, 144]], [[76, 79], [89, 89]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "method", "for", "blind", "estimation", "of", "reverberation", "times", "in", "reverberant", "enclosures", "."], ["The", "proposed", "algorithm", "is", "based", "on", "a", "statistical", "model", "of", "short-term", "log-energy", "sequences", "for", "echo-free", "speech", "."], ["Giv... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 10, "Task"], [12, 13, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[17, 17, "Generic"], [22, 27, "Method"], [29, 30, "Material"]], [[45, 53, "Method"]], [[56, 57, "Generic"]], [[70, 70, "Generic"], [76, 79, "Task"], [81, 82, "OtherScientificTerm"], [84, 85, "Method"]], [[89, 89, "Generic"], [92, 93, "OtherScienti... | [[[4, 4, 6, 10, "USED-FOR"], [12, 13, 6, 10, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[22, 27, 17, 17, "USED-FOR"], [22, 27, 29, 30, "USED-FOR"]], [], [], [[70, 70, 76, 79, "USED-FOR"], [81, 82, 76, 79, "FEATURE-OF"], [84, 85, 70, 70, "USED-FOR"]], [[99, 101, 92, 93, "USED-FOR"]], [[107, 107, 115, 116, "USED-FOR"], [115, 116, 122, 122, "PART-... | INTERSPEECH_2001_31_abs | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a method for blind estimation of reverberation times in reverberant enclosures .", "entities": [{"text": "method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "blind estimation of reverberation times", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "reverberant enclosures", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}], "relations": ... |
[[[10, 11], [70, 71]], [[0, 1], [153, 153]], [[107, 108], [147, 148]]] | [["Computer", "programs", "so", "far", "have", "not", "fared", "well", "in", "modeling", "language", "acquisition", "."], ["For", "one", "thing", ",", "learning", "methodology", "applicable", "in", "general", "domains", "does", "not", "readily", "lend", "itself", "in", "the", "linguistic", "domain", "."], ["For", "anot... | [[[0, 1, "Generic"], [10, 11, "Task"]], [[17, 18, "Method"], [21, 22, "Material"], [30, 31, "Material"]], [[36, 37, "Method"], [40, 42, "Method"]], [[53, 54, "Method"], [57, 63, "OtherScientificTerm"], [70, 71, "Task"]], [[77, 79, "Method"], [85, 85, "Method"], [91, 92, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[107, 108, "OtherScient... | [[], [[17, 18, 21, 22, "USED-FOR"], [21, 22, 30, 31, "COMPARE"]], [[36, 37, 40, 42, "USED-FOR"]], [[53, 54, 70, 71, "USED-FOR"], [57, 63, 53, 54, "HYPONYM-OF"], [57, 63, 70, 71, "USED-FOR"]], [[77, 79, 85, 85, "PART-OF"]], [[107, 108, 118, 118, "PART-OF"]], [[140, 141, 147, 148, "USED-FOR"]], []] | C88-2162 | train | [{"sentence": "Computer programs so far have not fared well in modeling language acquisition .", "entities": [{"text": "Computer programs", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "language acquisition", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "For one thing , learning methodology applicable in general domains does not r... |
[[[5, 7], [53, 54], [79, 79], [94, 94]], [[13, 13], [39, 39]]] | [["This", "paper", "presents", "a", "novel", "ensemble", "learning", "approach", "to", "resolving", "German", "pronouns", "."], ["Boosting", ",", "the", "method", "in", "question", ",", "combines", "the", "moderately", "accurate", "hypotheses", "of", "several", "classifiers", "to", "form", "a", "highly", "accurate", "o... | [[[5, 7, "Method"], [10, 11, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[13, 13, "Method"], [27, 27, "Method"]], [[39, 39, "Generic"], [45, 46, "Method"]], [[53, 54, "Method"], [57, 57, "OtherScientificTerm"], [59, 60, "Material"], [68, 69, "Method"], [73, 75, "Task"]], [[79, 79, "Generic"], [85, 86, "Material"], [94, 94, "Generic"], [... | [[[5, 7, 10, 11, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[39, 39, 45, 46, "COMPARE"]], [[53, 54, 57, 57, "USED-FOR"], [53, 54, 59, 60, "USED-FOR"], [57, 57, 59, 60, "PART-OF"], [68, 69, 53, 54, "USED-FOR"], [68, 69, 73, 75, "USED-FOR"]], [[85, 86, 79, 79, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [85, 86, 97, 99, "COMPARE"], [94, 94, 97, 99, "USED-FOR"], [94, 94, ... | P04-2010 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper presents a novel ensemble learning approach to resolving German pronouns .", "entities": [{"text": "ensemble learning approach", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "German pronouns", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}], "relations": [{"head": "ensemble learning approach", "tail": "German pronouns", "labe... |
[[[11, 12], [36, 38], [48, 48]], [[20, 23], [30, 33]], [[58, 59], [81, 82], [112, 113], [119, 120]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "compare", "the", "performance", "of", "a", "state-of-the-art", "statistical", "parser", "-LRB-", "Bikel", ",", "2004", "-RRB-", "in", "parsing", "written", "and", "spoken", "language", "and", "in", "generating", "sub-categorization", "cues", "from", "written", "and", "spoken", "lang... | [[[11, 12, "Method"], [19, 23, "Task"], [20, 23, "Material"], [26, 28, "Task"], [30, 33, "Material"]], [[36, 38, "Method"], [42, 42, "Metric"], [44, 46, "Task"], [45, 46, "Material"], [48, 48, "Generic"], [52, 52, "Metric"], [55, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"], [58, 59, "Material"]], [[67, 67, "Generic"], [69, 71, "Task"],... | [[[11, 12, 19, 23, "USED-FOR"], [11, 12, 26, 28, "USED-FOR"], [19, 23, 26, 28, "CONJUNCTION"], [30, 33, 26, 28, "USED-FOR"]], [[36, 38, 44, 46, "USED-FOR"], [42, 42, 36, 38, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [48, 48, 55, 56, "USED-FOR"], [52, 52, 48, 48, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [55, 56, 58, 59, "PART-OF"]], [[67, 67, 69, 71, "USED-FOR"], [67,... | P06-2067 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we compare the performance of a state-of-the-art statistical parser -LRB- Bikel , 2004 -RRB- in parsing written and spoken language and in generating sub-categorization cues from written and spoken language .", "entities": [{"text": "statistical parser", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "parsi... |
[[[42, 45], [63, 63]], [[9, 14], [29, 31], [67, 69], [78, 80]], [[4, 6], [20, 21]]] | [["This", "paper", "proposes", "an", "alignment", "adaptation", "approach", "to", "improve", "domain-specific", "-LRB-", "in-domain", "-RRB-", "word", "alignment", "."], ["The", "basic", "idea", "of", "alignment", "adaptation", "is", "to", "use", "out-of-domain", "corpus", "to", "improve", "in-domain", "word", "alignme... | [[[4, 6, "Method"], [9, 14, "Task"]], [[20, 21, "Method"], [25, 26, "Material"], [29, 31, "Task"]], [[42, 45, "Method"], [48, 50, "Material"], [53, 55, "Material"], [63, 63, "Generic"], [67, 69, "Task"]], [[76, 76, "Generic"], [78, 80, "Task"], [85, 85, "Metric"], [87, 87, "Metric"], [91, 94, "Metric"], [102, 103, "Gen... | [[[4, 6, 9, 14, "USED-FOR"]], [[20, 21, 29, 31, "USED-FOR"], [25, 26, 20, 21, "USED-FOR"]], [[48, 50, 42, 45, "USED-FOR"], [48, 50, 53, 55, "CONJUNCTION"], [53, 55, 42, 45, "USED-FOR"], [63, 63, 67, 69, "USED-FOR"]], [[76, 76, 78, 80, "USED-FOR"], [76, 76, 102, 103, "COMPARE"], [85, 85, 76, 76, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [85, 85... | P05-1058 | train | [{"sentence": "This paper proposes an alignment adaptation approach to improve domain-specific -LRB- in-domain -RRB- word alignment .", "entities": [{"text": "alignment adaptation approach", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "domain-specific -LRB- in-domain -RRB- word alignment", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "ali... |
[[[45, 46], [71, 71]], [[83, 84], [104, 105]]] | [["With", "performance", "above", "97", "%", "accuracy", "for", "newspaper", "text", ",", "part", "of", "speech", "-LRB-", "pos", "-RRB-", "tagging", "might", "be", "considered", "a", "solved", "problem", "."], ["Previous", "studies", "have", "shown", "that", "allowing", "the", "parser", "to", "resolve", "pos", "tag", ... | [[[5, 5, "Metric"], [7, 8, "Material"], [10, 16, "Task"]], [[31, 31, "Method"], [34, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[45, 46, "Method"], [50, 52, "OtherScientificTerm"], [56, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"], [58, 58, "OtherScientificTerm"], [60, 61, "Metric"]], [[71, 71, "Generic"], [73, 75, "OtherScientificTerm"], [77, 77, "... | [[[5, 5, 10, 16, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [7, 8, 10, 16, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[31, 31, 34, 36, "USED-FOR"]], [[50, 52, 45, 46, "USED-FOR"], [56, 56, 50, 52, "HYPONYM-OF"], [58, 58, 50, 52, "HYPONYM-OF"], [60, 61, 45, 46, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[77, 77, 71, 71, "USED-FOR"]], [[83, 84, 98, 99, "USED-FOR"], [91, 93, 83, 84, "FEATURE-OF... | P06-1088 | train | [{"sentence": "With performance above 97 % accuracy for newspaper text , part of speech -LRB- pos -RRB- tagging might be considered a solved problem .", "entities": [{"text": "accuracy", "type": "Metric"}, {"text": "newspaper text", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "part of speech -LRB- pos -RRB- tagging", "type": "Task"}... |
[[[30, 30], [59, 59], [74, 74]], [[6, 9], [33, 36]], [[4, 4], [23, 23]]] | [["We", "previously", "presented", "a", "framework", "for", "segmentation", "of", "complex", "scenes", "using", "multiple", "physical", "hypotheses", "for", "simple", "image", "regions", "."], ["A", "consequence", "of", "that", "framework", "was", "a", "proposal", "for", "a", "new", "approach", "to", "the", "segmentati... | [[[4, 4, "Generic"], [6, 9, "Task"], [12, 13, "OtherScientificTerm"], [15, 17, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[23, 23, "Generic"], [30, 30, "Generic"], [33, 36, "Task"], [41, 42, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 49, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[59, 59, "Generic"], [63, 63, "OtherScientificTerm"], [65, 65, "Material"], [67, 70, "M... | [[[4, 4, 6, 9, "USED-FOR"], [12, 13, 4, 4, "USED-FOR"], [12, 13, 15, 17, "USED-FOR"]], [[23, 23, 30, 30, "USED-FOR"], [30, 30, 33, 36, "USED-FOR"], [41, 42, 46, 49, "COMPARE"]], [[63, 63, 65, 65, "USED-FOR"], [67, 70, 65, 65, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[74, 74, 89, 91, "COMPARE"]], []] | CVPR_1996_15_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We previously presented a framework for segmentation of complex scenes using multiple physical hypotheses for simple image regions .", "entities": [{"text": "framework", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "segmentation of complex scenes", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "physical hypotheses", "type": "OtherScientifi... |
[[[0, 0], [38, 38], [64, 64], [100, 101], [125, 126]]] | [["SmartKom", "is", "a", "multimodal", "dialog", "system", "that", "combines", "speech", ",", "gesture", ",", "and", "mimics", "input", "and", "output", "."], ["Spontaneous", "speech", "understanding", "is", "combined", "with", "the", "video-based", "recognition", "of", "natural", "gestures", "."], ["One", "of", "the",... | [[[0, 0, "Method"], [3, 5, "Method"], [8, 8, "Material"], [10, 10, "Material"]], [[18, 20, "Task"], [25, 29, "Task"]], [[38, 38, "Method"], [43, 44, "Method"], [48, 56, "Task"], [59, 62, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[64, 64, "OtherScientificTerm"], [69, 72, "Method"], [83, 85, "OtherScientificTerm"], [94, 95, "OtherScient... | [[[0, 0, 3, 5, "HYPONYM-OF"], [8, 8, 3, 5, "USED-FOR"], [8, 8, 10, 10, "CONJUNCTION"], [10, 10, 3, 5, "USED-FOR"]], [[18, 20, 25, 29, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[38, 38, 43, 44, "USED-FOR"], [43, 44, 48, 56, "USED-FOR"], [59, 62, 48, 56, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[69, 72, 64, 64, "USED-FOR"]], [[107, 109, 111, 112, "USED-FOR"]]] | INTERSPEECH_2001_21_abs | train | [{"sentence": "SmartKom is a multimodal dialog system that combines speech , gesture , and mimics input and output .", "entities": [{"text": "SmartKom", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "multimodal dialog system", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "speech", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "gesture", "type": "Material"}], "relations... |
[[[36, 36], [68, 69]], [[12, 13], [33, 34], [79, 79]], [[3, 6], [54, 54], [91, 91]]] | [["We", "present", "a", "single-image", "highlight", "removal", "method", "that", "incorporates", "illumination-based", "constraints", "into", "image", "in-painting", "."], ["Unlike", "occluded", "image", "regions", "filled", "by", "traditional", "inpainting", ",", "highlight", "pixels", "contain", "some", "useful", "i... | [[[3, 6, "Method"], [9, 10, "OtherScientificTerm"], [12, 13, "Task"]], [[16, 18, "OtherScientificTerm"], [22, 22, "OtherScientificTerm"], [24, 25, "OtherScientificTerm"], [33, 34, "Task"]], [[36, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"], [40, 41, "OtherScientificTerm"], [43, 45, "OtherScientificTerm"], [47, 49, "OtherScientificTerm"... | [[[3, 6, 12, 13, "USED-FOR"], [9, 10, 12, 13, "PART-OF"]], [], [[36, 36, 54, 54, "USED-FOR"], [40, 41, 43, 45, "CONJUNCTION"], [43, 45, 47, 49, "CONJUNCTION"], [54, 54, 57, 62, "USED-FOR"]], [[68, 69, 73, 77, "USED-FOR"], [79, 79, 73, 77, "USED-FOR"]], []] | ICCV_2003_150_abs | train | [{"sentence": "We present a single-image highlight removal method that incorporates illumination-based constraints into image in-painting .", "entities": [{"text": "single-image highlight removal method", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "illumination-based constraints", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": "image in-pa... |
[[[8, 8], [11, 17], [97, 97], [114, 114]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "propose", "a", "novel", "method", ",", "called", "local", "non-negative", "matrix", "factorization", "-LRB-", "LNMF", "-RRB-", ",", "for", "learning", "spatially", "localized", ",", "parts-based", "subspace", "representation", "of", "visual", "patterns", "."], ["An", "objective", "f... | [[[8, 8, "Generic"], [11, 17, "Method"], [21, 29, "Task"]], [[32, 33, "OtherScientificTerm"], [38, 39, "OtherScientificTerm"], [45, 46, "OtherScientificTerm"], [50, 50, "Method"]], [[66, 72, "Method"], [76, 77, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[80, 80, "Generic"], [85, 85, "Task"]], [[97, 97, "Method"], [100, 103, "Method"], ... | [[[8, 8, 21, 29, "USED-FOR"]], [[32, 33, 38, 39, "USED-FOR"], [45, 46, 50, 50, "PART-OF"]], [], [[80, 80, 85, 85, "USED-FOR"]], [[97, 97, 100, 103, "COMPARE"], [97, 97, 105, 108, "USED-FOR"], [100, 103, 105, 108, "USED-FOR"], [105, 108, 114, 114, "EVALUATE-FOR"]]] | CVPR_2001_111_abs | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we propose a novel method , called local non-negative matrix factorization -LRB- LNMF -RRB- , for learning spatially localized , parts-based subspace representation of visual patterns .", "entities": [{"text": "method", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "local non-negative matrix factorization... |
[[[6, 7], [47, 48], [89, 90], [160, 161]], [[81, 82], [93, 93], [96, 96], [127, 127], [149, 149]], [[129, 130], [136, 136]]] | [["Helping", "end", "users", "build", "and", "check", "process", "models", "is", "a", "challenge", "for", "many", "science", "and", "engineering", "fields", "."], ["Many", "AI", "researchers", "have", "investigated", "useful", "ways", "of", "verifying", "and", "validating", "knowledge", "bases", "for", "ontologies", "a... | [[[6, 7, "Method"], [13, 16, "Task"]], [[29, 30, "Material"], [32, 32, "OtherScientificTerm"], [34, 34, "OtherScientificTerm"], [46, 48, "Task"], [47, 48, "Method"]], [[54, 58, "Task"], [63, 65, "Task"]], [[81, 82, "Generic"], [89, 90, "Method"]], [[93, 93, "Generic"], [96, 96, "Method"], [103, 104, "Method"], [111, 11... | [[], [[32, 32, 34, 34, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[54, 58, 63, 65, "USED-FOR"]], [[81, 82, 89, 90, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[129, 130, 127, 127, "USED-FOR"], [136, 136, 139, 139, "USED-FOR"], [136, 136, 142, 142, "USED-FOR"]], []] | IJCAI_2001_5_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Helping end users build and check process models is a challenge for many science and engineering fields .", "entities": [{"text": "process models", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "science and engineering fields", "type": "Task"}], "relations": []}, {"sentence": "Many AI researchers have investigated useful ... |
[[[15, 16], [42, 42], [61, 61]]] | [["In", "this", "paper", ",", "we", "describe", "the", "research", "using", "machine", "learning", "techniques", "to", "build", "a", "comma", "checker", "to", "be", "integrated", "in", "a", "grammar", "checker", "for", "Basque", "."], ["After", "several", "experiments", ",", "and", "trained", "with", "a", "little", "co... | [[[9, 11, "Method"], [15, 16, "Method"], [22, 23, "Method"], [25, 25, "Material"]], [[42, 42, "Generic"], [50, 50, "Metric"], [56, 56, "Metric"]], [[61, 61, "Generic"], [65, 65, "Metric"], [71, 71, "Metric"], [79, 80, "Task"]], []] | [[[9, 11, 15, 16, "USED-FOR"], [15, 16, 22, 23, "PART-OF"], [22, 23, 25, 25, "USED-FOR"]], [[50, 50, 42, 42, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [56, 56, 42, 42, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], [[61, 61, 79, 80, "USED-FOR"], [65, 65, 61, 61, "EVALUATE-FOR"], [71, 71, 61, 61, "EVALUATE-FOR"]], []] | P06-2001 | train | [{"sentence": "In this paper , we describe the research using machine learning techniques to build a comma checker to be integrated in a grammar checker for Basque .", "entities": [{"text": "machine learning techniques", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "comma checker", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "grammar checker", "type":... |
[[[63, 67], [75, 75]]] | [["The", "present", "paper", "reports", "on", "a", "preparatory", "research", "for", "building", "a", "language", "corpus", "annotation", "scenario", "capturing", "the", "discourse", "relations", "in", "Czech", "."], ["We", "primarily", "focus", "on", "the", "description", "of", "the", "syntactically", "motivated", "re... | [[[11, 14, "Material"], [17, 18, "OtherScientificTerm"], [20, 20, "Material"]], [[30, 34, "OtherScientificTerm"], [45, 48, "Material"], [51, 54, "Material"]], [[63, 67, "OtherScientificTerm"], [70, 72, "Material"], [75, 75, "Generic"], [81, 82, "Task"], [90, 93, "Task"]], [[113, 115, "Method"], [119, 121, "Method"], [1... | [[[11, 14, 17, 18, "USED-FOR"], [20, 20, 17, 18, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[45, 48, 30, 34, "USED-FOR"], [45, 48, 51, 54, "CONJUNCTION"], [51, 54, 30, 34, "USED-FOR"]], [[63, 67, 70, 72, "PART-OF"], [75, 75, 81, 82, "USED-FOR"], [75, 75, 90, 93, "USED-FOR"]], [[119, 121, 113, 115, "COMPARE"], [126, 131, 113, 115, "EVALUATE-FOR"... | L08-1050 | train | [{"sentence": "The present paper reports on a preparatory research for building a language corpus annotation scenario capturing the discourse relations in Czech .", "entities": [{"text": "language corpus annotation scenario", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "discourse relations", "type": "OtherScientificTerm"}, {"text": ... |
[[[22, 23], [60, 60], [99, 100]], [[109, 114], [142, 142]]] | [["Regression-based", "techniques", "have", "shown", "promising", "results", "for", "people", "counting", "in", "crowded", "scenes", "."], ["However", ",", "most", "existing", "techniques", "require", "expensive", "and", "laborious", "data", "annotation", "for", "model", "training", "."], ["In", "this", "study", ",", "... | [[[0, 1, "Method"], [7, 11, "Task"]], [[17, 17, "Generic"], [22, 23, "Task"], [25, 26, "Task"]], [[55, 56, "OtherScientificTerm"], [60, 60, "Task"]], [[73, 74, "Generic"], [77, 79, "Material"]], [[99, 100, "Task"]], [[109, 114, "Method"], [119, 120, "Method"], [126, 130, "OtherScientificTerm"], [132, 133, "Method"]], [... | [[[0, 1, 7, 11, "USED-FOR"]], [[22, 23, 17, 17, "USED-FOR"], [22, 23, 25, 26, "USED-FOR"]], [], [[73, 74, 77, 79, "COMPARE"]], [], [[109, 114, 119, 120, "USED-FOR"], [126, 130, 109, 114, "USED-FOR"], [132, 133, 126, 130, "USED-FOR"]], []] | ICCV_2013_50_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Regression-based techniques have shown promising results for people counting in crowded scenes .", "entities": [{"text": "Regression-based techniques", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "people counting in crowded scenes", "type": "Task"}], "relations": [{"head": "Regression-based techniques", "tail": "people ... |
[] | [["Representing", "images", "with", "layers", "has", "many", "important", "applications", ",", "such", "as", "video", "compression", ",", "motion", "analysis", ",", "and", "3D", "scene", "analysis", "."], ["This", "paper", "presents", "an", "approach", "to", "reliably", "extracting", "layers", "from", "images", "by", "... | [[[0, 3, "Method"], [7, 7, "Generic"], [11, 12, "Task"], [14, 15, "Task"], [18, 20, "Task"]], [[26, 26, "Generic"], [30, 30, "OtherScientificTerm"], [32, 32, "Material"], [40, 40, "OtherScientificTerm"], [43, 44, "OtherScientificTerm"], [47, 47, "OtherScientificTerm"], [50, 53, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[55, 55, "Other... | [[[0, 3, 7, 7, "USED-FOR"], [11, 12, 7, 7, "HYPONYM-OF"], [11, 12, 14, 15, "CONJUNCTION"], [14, 15, 7, 7, "HYPONYM-OF"], [14, 15, 18, 20, "CONJUNCTION"], [18, 20, 7, 7, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[26, 26, 30, 30, "USED-FOR"], [30, 30, 32, 32, "PART-OF"], [43, 44, 47, 47, "PART-OF"]], [[55, 55, 59, 59, "PART-OF"], [59, 59, 75, 75... | CVPR_2001_110_abs | train | [{"sentence": "Representing images with layers has many important applications , such as video compression , motion analysis , and 3D scene analysis .", "entities": [{"text": "Representing images with layers", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "applications", "type": "Generic"}, {"text": "video compression", "type": "Task"},... |
[[[13, 13], [29, 29]], [[80, 81], [96, 96]], [[123, 124], [140, 140], [148, 148]]] | [["The", "construction", "of", "causal", "graphs", "from", "non-experimental", "data", "rests", "on", "a", "set", "of", "constraints", "that", "the", "graph", "structure", "imposes", "on", "all", "probability", "distributions", "compatible", "with", "the", "graph", "."], ["These", "constraints", "are", "of", "two", "ty... | [[[1, 4, "Task"], [6, 7, "Material"], [13, 13, "OtherScientificTerm"], [16, 17, "OtherScientificTerm"], [21, 22, "OtherScientificTerm"], [26, 26, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[29, 29, "Generic"], [35, 36, "OtherScientificTerm"], [38, 39, "OtherScientificTerm"]], [[47, 48, "OtherScientificTerm"], [56, 58, "Method"], [60, 6... | [[[6, 7, 1, 4, "USED-FOR"], [21, 22, 26, 26, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[35, 36, 29, 29, "HYPONYM-OF"], [38, 39, 29, 29, "HYPONYM-OF"]], [[47, 48, 56, 58, "USED-FOR"], [60, 61, 47, 48, "COMPARE"]], [[100, 101, 106, 107, "CONJUNCTION"], [106, 107, 111, 112, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[118, 118, 123, 124, "USED-FOR"], [152, 153, 148, 148, "... | AAAI_2008_254_abs | train | [{"sentence": "The construction of causal graphs from non-experimental data rests on a set of constraints that the graph structure imposes on all probability distributions compatible with the graph .", "entities": [{"text": "construction of causal graphs", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "non-experimental data", "type": "Mat... |
[[[35, 35], [37, 41], [129, 129], [132, 132], [151, 151], [199, 202]]] | [["With", "the", "recent", "popularity", "of", "animated", "GIFs", "on", "social", "media", ",", "there", "is", "need", "for", "ways", "to", "index", "them", "with", "rich", "meta-data", "."], ["To", "advance", "research", "on", "animated", "GIF", "understanding", ",", "we", "collected", "a", "new", "dataset", ",", "Tu... | [[[5, 6, "Material"], [8, 9, "Material"], [20, 21, "Material"]], [[27, 29, "Task"], [35, 35, "Generic"], [37, 41, "Material"], [45, 46, "Material"], [51, 53, "Material"], [56, 56, "Method"]], [[69, 72, "Task"], [80, 82, "Material"], [84, 85, "Material"], [87, 88, "Material"]], [[103, 104, "Method"], [107, 109, "Materia... | [[[8, 9, 5, 6, "FEATURE-OF"]], [[35, 35, 27, 29, "USED-FOR"], [51, 53, 45, 46, "CONJUNCTION"], [56, 56, 51, 53, "USED-FOR"]], [[80, 82, 84, 85, "USED-FOR"], [80, 82, 87, 88, "USED-FOR"], [84, 85, 87, 88, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[103, 104, 107, 109, "USED-FOR"]], [[121, 122, 124, 126, "CONJUNCTION"], [121, 122, 129, 129, "PAR... | CVPR_2016_405_abs | train | [{"sentence": "With the recent popularity of animated GIFs on social media , there is need for ways to index them with rich meta-data .", "entities": [{"text": "animated GIFs", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "social media", "type": "Material"}, {"text": "rich meta-data", "type": "Material"}], "relations": [{"head": "soc... |
[[[29, 29], [35, 38], [49, 49], [61, 62]], [[6, 8], [32, 33], [79, 80]], [[0, 1], [16, 16]]] | [["Systemic", "grammar", "has", "been", "used", "for", "AI", "text", "generation", "work", "in", "the", "past", ",", "but", "the", "implementations", "have", "tended", "be", "ad", "hoc", "or", "inefficient", "."], ["This", "paper", "presents", "an", "approach", "to", "systemic", "text", "generation", "where", "AI", "pr... | [[[0, 1, "Method"], [6, 8, "Task"], [16, 16, "Generic"]], [[29, 29, "Generic"], [32, 33, "Task"], [35, 38, "Method"], [45, 46, "Method"]], [[49, 49, "Generic"], [58, 59, "Method"], [61, 62, "Method"]], [[79, 80, "Task"], [85, 86, "Method"]]] | [[[0, 1, 6, 8, "USED-FOR"]], [[29, 29, 32, 33, "USED-FOR"], [35, 38, 45, 46, "USED-FOR"]], [[58, 59, 61, 62, "CONJUNCTION"]], [[85, 86, 79, 80, "USED-FOR"]]] | E85-1037 | train | [{"sentence": "Systemic grammar has been used for AI text generation work in the past , but the implementations have tended be ad hoc or inefficient .", "entities": [{"text": "Systemic grammar", "type": "Method"}, {"text": "AI text generation", "type": "Task"}, {"text": "implementations", "type": "Generic"}], "relation... |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.